First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

T h e U niversity of W estern A ustralia

School of Physics

PH Y SIC S 101

T est 1 L ectu res 1 to 12 SE M E S T E R 1

F rid ay 31st M arch 2006.

Instructions

• T h is test is w o rth 15% of the final m ark for th e se m e ster

• Y o u m u st display yo ur student ID card

• W rite your nam e and student num ber on the answ er sheet provided
• Fill in your student num ber on the answ er sheet in the spots provided
• F or eac h q u estio n yo u m u st fill in th e c orrect circle on th e a nsw er sh eet p ro vid ed

• Y o u m u st use a soft pencil or black pen to m ark the an sw er sh e et

• U se a n eraser or m a ke a n y alteratio n s to yo ur an sw er sh eet neat and clear

• T h ere are fifteen m ultip le c hoice q u e stio n s w ith five c hoices

• Q u e stio ns are fro m W a v es & O ptics a n d E lectricity & M a gn etism

• In all the m u ltiple ch oic e q u estio ns, ch o ose the o ptio n th at is clo sest to the c orrec t answ e r

• Y o u m a y not b rin g a n y p a p ers to th e e x a m

• Y o u m a y not b rin g m o b ile ph o n es to the ex am roo m

• T he tim e allo w e d is 40 m inutes plu s 5 m inute s for readin g

• O n ly n o n-grap hical calc ulators (e g C asio fx-82T L ) are p erm itted

• D ata a nd F o rm u la sh eets are p ro vid ed fo r yo ur co n v e n ience (d etac h th e m if yo u w ish)

• Y ou m ust attend your allocated test session - see O L C R for your allocation

• S tu d e nts atte m ptin g to atte nd th e w ro n g session w ill not be adm itted

 2.

First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

T h e follow in g data m ight be useful.

U niv ersal gra vitatio n al co n stant G = 6.6 7  1 0 -1 1 N m 2 kg -2
S pe ed of ligh t in a v ac uu m c = 3.0 0  1 0 8 m s -1
P erm ittivity c on stant (as in tex t b o o k ) o = 8.8 5  1 0 -1 2 F m -1
P erm ea bility c o nsta nt (a s in tex t b o o k ) µo = 4   10 - 7
= 1.2 6  1 0 -6 H m -1
M a ss o f on e p roto n mp = 1.6 73  1 0 -2 7 kg
M a ss o f on e n e utro n mn = 1.6 75  1 0 -2 7 kg
M a ss o f on e electron me = 9.1 1  1 0 -3 1 kg
E le m e ntary c harge (as in tex t b o o k ) e = 1.6 0  1 0 -1 9 C
B oltz m a n n’s c o nsta nt kB = 1.3 8  1 0 -2 3 J K -1
P la nc k’s c o nsta nt h = 6.6 26  1 0 -3 4 J s
T he S tefa n -B oltz m a n n c on stant  = 5.6 7  1 0 -8 W m -2 K - 4
A vo ga d ro ’s nu m b er NA = 6.0 22  1 0 2 3 m o lec ules m o l -1
U niv ersal ga s co nsta nt R = 8.3 1 J K -1 m o l -1
A cceleratio n d ue to gra vity at earth’s su rface g = 9.8 1 m s -2
S pe ed of so u n d in air = 34 3 m s - 1
D en sity of d ry air (20 ˚C a nd 1 atm ) = 1.2 1 kg m -3
D en sity of w ater (2 0 ˚C an d 1 atm ) = 1.0 0  1 0 3 kg m -3
D en sity of stea m (10 0 ˚C a nd 1 atm ) = 0.6 0 kg m -3
S pecific heat o f air at co n stant pressure c air = 10 0 0 J kg -1 K -1
S pecific heat o f liqu id w ater c w ater = 41 8 0 J kg -1 K -1
S pecific heat o f ice c ice = 22 2 0 J kg -1 K -1
S pecific heat o f lead cPb = 13 0 J k g -1 K -1
Late nt heat of fusio n for w ater L fu sio n (H 2 O ) = 3.3 3  1 0 5 J k g -1
Late nt heat of fusio n for le ad L fu sio n (P b) = 2.5  1 0 4 J kg -1
C o n v ersio n factors 0K = - 2 7 3.15 ˚C
1 to rr  1 mm Hg
1 b ar  1  105 Pa
1 atm  10 1 .3  1 0 3 P a
1 atm  76 0 T o rr
1 cal = 4.1 8 J
P refix e s:

f = 1 0 -1 5 , p = 1 0 -1 2 , n = 1 0 -9 , µ = 1 0 -6 , m = 1 0 -3 , k = 10 3 , M = 10 6 , G = 1 0 9 , T = 1 0 1 2

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 3.

First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

T h e follow ing form ulae m ight be useful.

m c
T=2π i = r ; n 1 sin 1 = n 2 sin 2 , n = v
k

d2x 1 1 1 –q
= – 2 x p + q = f ; m = p
dt 2

 A
1
v = T ; f = T ;  = 2 f ; k =
2π
; v = f (r,t) = r sin ( kr–t )

M alus’s la w : I = I m ax co s 2 
T
v=
 n2
B re w ster’s la w : tan p = n
n (2n -1 ) 1
L= 2 ;L= 4
n2
C ritical an gle : sin c = n
v 1
f = v
f
v  S

stan din g co nstructive interference :   m , m  0,  1,  2, ...

w a ve s  
d estru ctive interferen ce :   (m  1 2) , m  0,  1,  2, ...

bright frin ge : dsin   m , m  0,  1,  2, ...


do u ble slit : 
d ark frin ge : dsin   (m  1 2 ), m  0 ,  1,  2, ...

sin gle narro w slit m iniu m : sin   m  a, m  1,  2 ,  3, ...

sin gle slit :  m in =  a

R a yleigh ’s criteria : 
 circular ap erture :  m in = 1 .2 2  D

B -C  B + C 
sin B + sin C = 2 co s  2  2  
  

B -C  B + C 
cos B + c os C = 2 co s  2  2 
  

sin (B -C ) + sin (B + C ) = 2 sin B c o s C

L = L o T R = kB N A

A = A o T = 2A o T d U = –d Q – –d W

V = V o T = 3V o T S ≥ 0 , isolate d syste m

pV =nRT, id eal gas

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 4.

First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

V2 1 1
kB T = 2 m v 2
W = –d W =  pd V
V1
2

3 1 2 1 2 2 1
2 kB T = 2 m v x = 2 m v y = 2 m v z
W = p V , iso b aric process
3RT
V 2  v rm s =
W = n R T lnV  , isoth erm al pro cess M
 1 
8RT
1 v=
, adia b atic process M
-1 ( 1 1 2 2 )
W = p V -p V

2RT
 –d Q
S2 vmp = M
S =  dS =  T
S1
3
U =2 nR T, id eal, m o n ato m ic gas
d Q rev = 0 , re versible p ro ce ss
U =3nRT, solid
Q
S = T , isoth erm al p ro ce ss
dQ T
H  dt = – k A
x
–d Q  d U 
C V = dT  = d T  A T A T
 V  V H =– =–
x i k i R i


d Q 
C p = dT 
 p d– Q
dt = – e  A T
PR ≡ – 4

Cp = CV + nR
4
PA = e  A T0
c n ,p = c n , V + R
T 4 – T 4 
P n ett = – e  A 
Cp cp c n ,p 0 
 ≡ C = c = c 
V V n ,V
F /A
Y =
/
Q = m cT

Q = mL F /A F /A
S= = 
x /h 
pV  = c on st., adia b atic p ro cess
p
B=
– V /V 0
T V  = c o nst., adia b atic p ro cess

   F  U
2N  1  F qE; E  V = q
p    m v 2  q
3V  2 
dV dV
2 1 2  E x = - d x , .......
T   m v  E r = - dr
3k B  2 

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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

1 Q 1 Q hc
E= V = p = h/
4o r 4o 

   q K m ax = hf - 
    E  dS  ε 0
close d m ax T = 2.9 x 1 0 -3 K m

   1
E sh eet = ; E lin e =
2o 2 o r 2πh c2
I P (,T ) =
5 hc
q k B T
C =V e -1

o A h
C sp h e re = 4o R ; C || p late = d  =  -  = (1 - c o s )

1 1 –1 3 .6 Z 2
U = En = eV
cap = 2 E q n2

U v = 2 o E 2 ; U v = B2
1 h2
2 o En = n2
8m L2

v2  1 
Fm = 2 Fe E = n +  
c  


µ o q1v1q2v2 µ o i 1 d 1 i 2 d 2 2 m (U – E )
Fm = 4π 2 sin  = 4 π sin  T  e -2 k L , k = 
r r2
    
F = q v B sin  ; F  q v  B x p ≥  E t ≥ 
     
F = i  B sin  ; F  i   B; F  i   B
    
    B ,   i  A

µ o i d  sin 
B = 4 π
 r2
circu it
 
  d   μ 0i
B

µ oi µ oi
B w ire = 2π a ; B circle = 2 R

µ oN i
B to ro id  B so len o id =  = µ o ni

d
E=-N  E = v B

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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

4
3
2
 
y x t 0 1

gx t 0 
0
 1
 2

 3
 4
 0 0 .5 1 1 .5 2 2 .5 3 3 .5 4 4 .5 5
 x
 d istan ce x (m )

 F igu re 1 a
 4

 3
 2
 
y x0  t 1

gx0  t 
0
1
2
3
4
0 0 .0 0 2 0 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 8 0 .0 1 0 .0 1 2 0 .0 1 4 0 .0 1 6
t
tim e t (s)
F igu re 1 b

F igu re 1: T w o tra vellin g w a ve s y(x,t) a nd g(x,t), dra w n as a fun ctio n of p ositio n x at

tim e t 0 in figu re 1 a, an d d ra w n as a fun ctio n of tim e t at po sitio n x 0 in figure 1 b.

1. C o n sid er F igu re 1 . W h at is th e a m plitu de a nd period of the w a ve y(x,t)?

[A ] 6 mm & 1.5 m [B ] 3 mm & 0.005 s [C ] 3 mm & 1.5 m
[D ] 6 mm & 0.005 s [E ] 6 mm & 200 Hz

2. C o n sider F igu re 1. W h at is th e w a ve n u m b er of th e w a ve y(x,t)?

[A ] 2.094 rads m -1 [B ] 1.5 m [C ] 1
-1
[D ] 3.0 m [E ] 4.189 rads m

3. C o n sid er F igu re 1 . W h at is th e sp ee d of th e w a ve y(x,t)?

[A ] 600 ms -1 [B ] 150 ms -1 [C ] 450 ms -1
[D ] 300 ms -1 [E ] 75 ms -1

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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

4. C o n sid er F igu re 1 . E stim a te th e p h ase differe nce b etw ee n th e w a ve s y(x,t) a nd g(x,t) at tim e t 0.
S elect the result closest to yo ur estim ate.
[A ] 2.09 radians [B ] 0.333 [C ] 0.167
[D ] 1.045 radians [E ] 0.5 m

5. C o n sid er F igu re 1 . W h at con dition w o uld h a ve to be satisfie d for the w a v es y(x,t) a nd g(x,t) to
p ro d u ce a sta ndin g w a ve b y sup erp osition ?
[A ] They would need to emanate from coherently illuminated slits.
[B ] They would need to be of different frequency.
[C ] They would need to be phase shifted with respect to each other.
[D ] The two waves would have to have equal and opposite velocities.
[E ] Their amplitudes would need to follow a 1/r dependence.

6. A c ylind rical tub e of le n gth L h a s on e o p e n e nd a nd on e close d e n d. W h at are th e w a vele n gths of

the th ree lon ge st w a v elen gths th at ca n fo rm sta n din g w a ve s in the tu b e ?
[A ] λ =2L / n where n = 1, 2 & 3
[B ] λ = (2n – 1)L /4 where n = 1, 2 & 3
[C ] λ = 4L, 4L/3 and 4L/5
[D ] λ = 2L, 2L/3 and 2L/5
[E ] λ = 4L / (2n – 1) where n = 0, 1 & 2

7. C o n sid er th ree m aterials eac h of differe nt refrac tive ind e x th ro u gh w h ich a bea m of v isible light is
p assed . W hic h of th e follo w in g state m ents is true ?
[A ] The frequency of the radiation is the same in all three materials.
[B ] The speed of the radiation is the same in all three materials.
[C ] The wavelength of the radiation is the same in all three materials.
[D ] The colour of the radiation does not change.
[E ] Total internal reflection will occur at each boundary between the materials.

8. U n p olarise d ligh t is sh o ne o nto a set of th ree transm issio n P olaroid sh eets. T he inte nsity of ligh t
after the first P olaroid sh ee t is m ea su re d to be I = E 02. T he tran sm ission ax is of the sec o nd an d third
P olaroid sh eets are at a n gle s o f α a n d β w ith resp ect to th e tran sm issio n a x is of th e first P olaroid sh eet.
T he a m p litud e of ligh t e m ergin g fro m the set of P olaroid sh eets is:
[A ] [E 0 cos(α) cos(β-α)] 2 [B ] E 0 cos(α) cos(β) [C ] E 0 cos(α) sin(β-α)
2
[D ] E 0 cos(α) cos(β-α) [E ] [E 0 cos(α) cos(β)]

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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

9. In a Y o u n g’s S lit e x perim e nt a w a vele n gth of 5 8 9 n m is use d a n d inten sity m ax im a a n d m inim a are
ob serve d o n a screen o ne m e tre fro m the slits. A total of 7 m ax im a are o bserv e d o n the screen , w ith
the o uterm o st lyin g at ± 1.88 6 m fro m th e ce ntral ax is. W h at is th e slit sep aration ?
[A ] 1334 nm [B ] 4001 nm [C ] 2000 nm
[D ] 2667 nm [E ] 666.8 nm

10 . A stu d ent d e v elo p s a fo rm u la to an alyze the data m easu red in a lab o rato ry e x p erim e nt for
d eterm inin g the fo cal len gth of a thin le ns. T h o u gh th e size a nd o rientation o f th e object is kn o w n , the
object dista nc e is u n kn o w n . In the ex perim e nt m easure m e nts ca n b e m a de of th e im a ge size an d
im a ge distance , a n d a real in v erted im a ge is fo un d to b e p ro du ced . W hic h form u la is co rrect?
[A ] f = p / (1 + (1/m))
[B ] f = q / (1 – m)
[C ] f = p (1 – m)
[D ] f = p / (1 – (1/m))
[E ] f = q / (1 + m)

11 . A b ea m of ligh t is directed o nto a flat glass blo c k. T he a n gle betw een th e reflected b ea m an d th e
refrac ted bea m is m ea su re d to b e π/2 radia ns. In this c on figuratio n the a n gle of in cid e n ce an d th e
an gle of refrac tion are b e st describ ed b y the p h rase s:
[A ] The critical angle and Snell’s law.
[B ] Brewster’s angle and the critical angle.
[C ] The critical angle and Brewster’s angle.
[D ] Snell’s law and the critical angle.
[E ] Brewster’s angle and Snell’s law.

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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

12 . If yo u ru b a ballo on on yo ur h air a n d th e n press it to a w all, it w ill o ften stic k th ere. W h y d o es this

h a pp e n ?

[A ] Rubbing removes a surface layer of grease, allowing the rubber to come in sufficiently close
contact with the wall so that air pressure holds it there.

[B ] Rubbing the balloon charges it electrostatically, and this charge on the balloon induces an
opposite charge on the wall. The attraction between the induced charge and the charge on the
balloon holds the balloon to the wall.

[C ] A wall typically has a net electric charge on it, and rubbing the balloon charges it
electrostatically. If the wall happens to have opposite charge to that on the balloon, the balloon will
stick.

[D ] Rubbing the balloon causes moisture to condense on it, and surface tension causes the balloon to
stick to the wall.

[E ] Rubbing the balloon causes it to become slightly conducting. When the balloon is touched to the
wall, electrons flow from the balloon to the wall. This sets up an electric field which bonds the
balloon weakly to the wall.

F ig u re 2

13 . T h ree co n ce ntric an d h ollo w sp h erical co n d u cto rs are arran ge d a s sh o w n in the F igu re 2 ab o v e, an d

are charge d a s follo w s:
T he in n er sph ere carries c h arge + Q
T he m id dle sph ere carries ch arge -2 Q
T he o uter sph ere carries c h arge + 2 Q
W hat is the c h arge o n th e o uter su rface o f the m id dle sph ere?

[A ] zero [B ] – Q [C ] + Q
[D ] + 2 Q [E ] – 2 Q
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First Semester Examination Physics 101 (PHYS1101)

F ig u re 3

14 . T w o e qu al a n d po sitive charges are lo cate d in the po sitio n s sh o w n in F igu re 3 a b o ve . E ac h carries

a c harge of 2 µ C . B oth of these c h arges interact w ith a third p ositive charge carryin g 4 µ C . T h e
close st estim ate of th e m a g nitu d e a nd directio n of the force e x p erie nce d b y this third charge is:

[A ] 0.29N towards the right side of the page

[B ] 0.46N towards the right side of the page
[C ] 0.25N towards the left side of the page
[D ] 0.46N towards the left side of the page
[E ] 0.23N directed out of the page

15 . C o n sid er F igu re 3 a b o v e. W e are intereste d in calc ulatin g th e m a gn itu de a nd directio n of th e

electric field create d b y th e co m b in atio n of the tw o 2 µ C c harges. A t th e lo cation of the third c harge,
the clo sest estim ate of the electric field of th e se tw o c harge s w o uld be:

[A ] 115 kN/C towards the right side of the page

[B ] 73 kN/C towards the left side of the page
[C ] 540 N directed out of the page
[D ] 120 000 N/C towards the left side of the page
[E ] 116 µ N/C towards the right side of the page

End of paper