Professional Documents
Culture Documents
approach (to) n The new approach to selecting candidates comes from Silicon
Valley.
bizarre adj /bɪˈzɑː/ They asked some bizarre questions in the job interview.
coincide v /ˌkəʊɪnˈsaɪd/ Do any of the interpretations coincide with what you already thought?
(with)
cruel adj Some interviewers can be extremely cruel to jobseekers.
demanding adj It was a very demanding job interview process.
despise v /dɪˈspaɪz/ Which living person do you most despise, and why?
ensure v Steps must be taken to ensure this never happens again.
essentially adv Essentially, we use this interview technique to find people who can
handle stress.
expand v /ɪkˈspænd/ Expand your notes into full sentences.
headhunter n A headhunter finds people with the necessary skills to work for a
company.
inexcusable adj Her comments were highly offensive and quite inexcusable.
job seeker n Every job seeker needs coaching to succeed just as all athletes receive
coaching.
nerve-racking adj The presentation of a speech can be a nerve-racking experience.
overuse v Which words or phrases do you most overuse?
recruitment He works for a recruitment agency as a headhunter.
agency n
weird adj /wɪəd/ It’s really weird that there’s no one at home at this time of day.
assertive If you want people to listen to your opinions, you'll need to learn to be more
assertive.
blunt I'll be blunt - that last piece of work you did was terrible.
bossy A bossy person is always telling people what to do.
brainy Sarah was beautiful and brainy.
bright They were bright children, always asking questions.
cunning Despite the complex security systems in modern vehicles, cunning thieves still
manage to get away with thousands of cars and trucks every year.
determined She will get the job she wants - she's a very determined person.
(dis)courteous /dis'kɜːtiəs/ The employees were unhelpfull and discourteous.
down-to-earth She's a down-to-earth woman with no pretensions.
dumb /dʌm/ Are they brave or just dumb?
economical He was economical in all areas of life.
envious I think she is envious of your success.
extravagant Her extravagant spending has to stop.
frank Our ballet teacher is very frank about telling her students whether she thinks
they have the talent for a career in dance.
gregarious He is a gregarious person who avoids solitude.
innocent You can't be so innocent as to believe what advertisements say!
naive He's so naive he'll believe anything I tell him.
nosy Why can't people mind their own business and stop being so nosy?
obstinate Although the little boy knew he was wrong, he was too obstinate to apologize to
his parents.
quarrelsome Quarrelsome people are often moody or sensitive: any little thing can get them
upset.
self-important He was self-important, vain and ignorant.
sensible She was a sensible girl and did not panic.
sensitive A sensitive child can get very upset by people arguing.
shrewd She was shrewd enough to guess the motive behind his gesture.
sincere He sounded sincere in his promises.
sly He leaned forward with a sly smile.
stingy She‘s too stingy to give money to charity.
stubborn I don't like stubborn people, they always think they're right and don't listen to
anything else.
tense He was very tense before the exam.
thrifty The war taught us to manage with rations, not only not to waste but to be
thrifty,” she told The Daily Telegraph in 2011.
trustworthy I think I've convinced them that you're a trustworthy soul.
bury one’s head in the sand The problem won't go away so there's no point burying your head in the
sand.
get on everyone's nerves He gets on everyone's nerves. In other words, he irritates everybody.
a heart of gold She does a lot of voluntary work; she has a heart of gold.
a know-all Sam is a real know-all. He thinks he knows everything.
a lazy-bones She's very lazy, she's a lazy-bones.
a pain in the neck She's a pain in the neck. Nobody likes her.
teacher's pet The person who is the teacher's favourite is the teacher's pet.
be aware (of ) They appealed to parents to be aware of the problem of underage drinking.
covering letter n It's not easy to write the covering letter that goes with CVs.
recruiter n The chances of your resume ever seeing the light of day and getting noticed by a
corporate recruiter are slim.
(high/low) blood /ˈblʌd ˌpreʃə/ My grandmother has high blood pressure and takes medication for
pressure n it.
ache n,v /eɪk/ It’s common to have an ache in your side if you have a kidney
stone; My back is aching. I shouldn't have lifted those boxes.
allergic (to) adj I was allergic to the medicine I was given.
antibiotic n /æntibaɪˈɒtɪk/ The doctor gave me antibiotics for my ear infection.
antiseptic cream n /ˌæntiˈseptɪk/ She cleaned the cut with antiseptic cream.
bleed v A cut finger can sometimes bleed for a long time.
blister n You will get a blister if you wear shoes that are too tight.
choke (on) v Be careful not to choke on that boiled sweet.
come round v If you pour cold water on his face he might come round.
faint v I faint when I see blood.
get over phr v It often takes a long time to get over flu.
lie down phr v /laɪ ˈdaʊn/ Please lie down on the couch.
lose consciousness v / luːz Call an ambulance – I think he’s going to lose consciousness.
ˈkɒnʃəsnəs/
painkiller n After the operation you will need to take painkillers for a few days.
pass out phr v I’m so tired I think I’m going to pass out.
rash n /ræʃ/ One of the symptoms of measles is a red rash.
recover (from) v / rɪˈkʌvə(r)/ How long does it normally take to recover from flu
sprain v I don’t play tennis because I’m afraid I might sprain my wrist.
stitches n pl /ˈstɪtʃɪz/ I needed stitches for the cut on my head.
swallow v /ˈswɒləʊ/ Does it hurt when you swallow food?
swell (swelled, swolen) v This bee sting is starting to swell.
throw upphr v I had to run to the bathroom and throw up.
twist v Watch out for that hole in the ground – you don’t want to twist your
ankle.
unconscious adj /ʌnˈkɒnʃəs/ She was unconscious so I phoned an ambulance.
vomit v /ˈvɒmɪt/ Some people vomit when they travel by boat in rough seas.
alternative remedy n /ɔːlˌtɜːnətɪv I used an alternative remedy – a herbal barrier cream – to cure my
ˈremədi/ hayfever.
blink v Making an effort to focus on the page means that we blink less
often and our eyes dry out.
diagnosis n /ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ The doctor gave me the wrong diagnosis.
digest v The flow of blood to the brain decreases while the body digests it.
discomfort n People believe this myth because of the discomfort they experience
when they have been reading in the dim light.
discriminate v /dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt/ The online information often doesn’t discriminate between common
and very rare conditions.
drowsiness n Some foods contain chemicals that cause drowsiness.
GP (general /dʒiː ˈpiː/ After days of intensive internet diagnosis, I finally went to see my
practitioner) n GP.
heart rate n /ˈhɑːt reɪt/ She told me that my heart rate was a bit fast.
herbal adj /ˈhɜːbl/ He’s a strong believer in herbal medicine.
hypochondriac n /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒndriæk/ My uncle thinks he’s ill – he’s such a hypochondriac.
(ins)ufficient adj Reading in insufficient light might ruin your eyesight.
intake n Adequate fluid intake is usually met through our daily consumption
of juice, milk and other drinks.
life-threatening adj /ˈlaɪf ˌθretnɪŋ/ I convinced myself that I had a life-threatening illness.
cure n /ˈkjʊə(r)/ Some homeopathic remedies claim to be a miracle cure.
nosebleed n I was playing football when I suddenly had a terrible nosebleed.
observation n I was kept in hospital for observation.
reveal v This study could reveal a serious problem
support v /səˈpɔːt/ Put something under your leg to support it.
surgery n /ˈsɜːdʒəri/ I was told that I needed heart surgery.
treat v What’s the best way to treat a nosebleed?
tumour n /ˈtjuːmə// A brain tumour develops in fewer than one in 50,000 people.
under the weather A few weeks ago I was feeling under the weather.
wound n /wuːnd/ Wash the wound under running water.
X-ray n /ˈeks reɪ/ He had an X-ray to see if he had broken his leg.
English Vocabulary in Use Upper-Intermediate 3rd Edition
U27 Health and Medicine
anorexic adj If you refuse to eat and are terribly thin, you may be anorexic.
auburn adj /'ɔ:bən/ Auburn hair is red-brown.
bald adj /'bɔ:ld/ He's been bald since he retired.
fair adj Scandinavians usually have fair hair and skin.
chubby adj He has a chubby face.
fair/dark complexion Would you find fair complexion attractive?
a crew-cut /kru:/ A crew -cut is a hairstyle for men in which the hair is cut very short.
fair/dark-skinned She is dark-skinned.
feature n Her eyes are her best feature.
freckles n He has freckles on his cheeks.
get a tan Some people like getting a tan in summer.
ginger-haired adj Ginger-haired is the same as red-haired.
messy-looking adj Her neighbour is very scrufffy and messy-looking.
overweight adj Instead of fat we often say a bit overweight.
personality n Personality, not appearance matters most.
plump adj He is a rather plump person.
receding adj He's got receding hair and a few wrinkles.
round/thin-faced She is thin-faced. It means that she's got a thin face.
skinny adj A skinny person is a rather negative way to describe one.
smart adj She is a very smart and elegant woman, always well-dressed.
stocky adj If someone is broad and solid, we can say they are stocky.
stout adj He is a rather plump or stout person.
stunning adj She looked stunning in her red dress.
obese adj Very fat people (impolite) are said to be obese.
untidy-looking adj Her neighbour is very scrufffy and untidy-looking.
badge n A distinguishing object or emblem is called a badge. They wore plastic name badges.
baggy adj He was rather skinny, so he was fond of wearing a baggy sweater or a loose shirt.
buckle n Most rucksacks have quick release buckles.
button n I still have to sew up some buttons.
casually adv She looks elegant even when she is dressed casually.
change (out of ... into) He changed out of his weekend clothes into his uniform.
disguise n The burglars wore masks and hoods as a disguise.
heel n I must get my shoes repaired. One heel is broken.
inside out She put her top on inside out – I can see the label.
national costume n Does your country have a special national costume?
(shoe) laces n Do up your laces or you'll fall over.
slippers n The floor is very cold – put on your slippers.
zip (fastener) n Zip is used to fasten garments, bags and other items.
aisle n /aɪl/ The cabin crew started to run up and down the aisle.
baggage reclaim n You need to go to baggage reclaim.
board v Passengers were waiting to board the plane.
cabin crew n /'kruː/ Can you call one of the cabin crew to help me with my hand luggage?
cancellation The cancellation announcement was made when we were waiting to
announcement n board the plane.
collect v Please collect your luggage on arrival.
connecting flight n When I get to Frankfurt I need to get a connecting flight to Berlin.
departures board n We looked at the departures board to find out about our flight.
(dis)courtesy n /ˈkɜːtəsi/ Another miracle, courtesy of the airline industry!
disembark v Passengers demanded to be flown to Paris and refused to disembark.
direct flight n Is there a direct flight from London to Bangkok?
divert v There was thick fog, so the flight was diverted to another city.
domestic flight n The domestic flight flew from London to Manchester.
drop off v Can your mum drop us off at the airport tomorrow morning?
emergency exit n /ˈeɡzɪt, They pushed towards the emergency exit.
ˈeksɪt/
flight delay n Typical excuses for flight delays are bad weather, strikes, or technical
faults.
inflate v Don’t inflate your life jacket too early.
jet lag / jetlag n My jet lag after the flight was worse than usual.
life jacket n They tell you how to put your life jacket on.
long-haul flight n /ˈhɔːl / Have you ever been on a long-haul flight?
parking lot n We left our car in the parking lot.
pick up v Where can we pick up our luggage?
request v Some of the people who request wheelchairs often don’t need them.
runway n The plane taxied along the runway.
turbulence n /ɜ:/ Is turbulence really dangerous?
upgrade v /ʌpˈɡreɪd/ We’d like to upgrade you to first class.
(be) stuck My flight was cancelled and I was stuck at the airport.
bumpy adj The weather was bad, so our flight was bumpy.
coach n /kəʊtʃ/ Coach can refer to a type of bus or individual carriages on a train.
get airsick / suffer Luckily, I didn't get airsick, but I had terrible jetlag afterwards.
from airsickness
get seasick / suffer The sea was rough and I was worried I might get seasick.
from seasickness
journey n /dʒɜːnɪ/ A journey is usually longer than a trip.
take a trip/ 'Take a trip' or 'have a trip' could be something you do yourselves in your own
have a trip car.
go on a trip 'Go on a trip' suggests an organized short excursion.
hitch-hike v We hitch-hiked round Australia.
put sb up The airline put me up in a hotel overnight.
rough sea n /rʌf/ I hope the sea is calm. I hate rough seas.
run smoothly It was a good journey, everything ran smoothly.
sleeping car n I asked if there was a sleeping car on the train so I could travel overnight.
travel n Travel broadens the mind.
voyage n Voyage means a long journey usually by sea.
actually adv I thought he was lazy, but actually he works really hard.
anyway adv It’s good that I was made redundant because I wanted to leave the
company anyway.
apparently adv /əˈpærəntli/ Apparently this house is worth £200,000!
at the end adv phr At the end of the concert we all clapped.
basically adv Basically we don’t have enough money to move.
especially adv I love ice-cream, especially vanilla-flavoured.
even adv He always wears the latest fashions even if they don’t suit him.
eventually adv It took a long time, but eventually we had enough money to buy a house.
gradually adv Mark gradually began to realize that Lucy didn’t love him anymore.
hard adv How hard does your father work?
hardly adv It’s so foggy, I can hardly see anything.
ideally adv Ideally we’d like to live near the sea, but it’s not practical.
in fact adv The woman thought they were friends, but in fact they hated each other.
in the end adv phr I thought the job would be boring, but in the end I loved it.
late adv They came late because of bad weather.
lately adv I haven’t heard from Mike lately.
near adv Is there a bank near here?
nearly adv I’ve nearly finished my book.
obviously adv She’s been promoted, so obviously she’ll get a pay rise.
specially adv I wrote a specially commissioned report for the government.
award v The writer was awarded the Prize in recognition of her outstanding
contribution to children's books.
bend v She watched him bend iron.
contribute (to) v /kənˈtrɪbjuːt, Fiftywordstories.com is a website to which people from all over the world
ˈkɒntrɪbjuːt/ contribute fifty-word stories in English.
fairly adv It was fairly busy in the town centre.
fiction n Do you prefer to read fiction or non-fiction?
grab (sb/ sth) v I saw him grab that lady’s bag.
outstanding adj He was famous for his outstanding contribution to children's books.
revenge n /rɪˈvendʒ/ Revenge is sweet. The man said he had burned down the factory out of
(out of revenge, revenge / in revenge for being dismissed.
in revenge)
set out to do (sth) They wouldn’t stop until they had done what they had set out to do.
shadowed adj She examined the look on his shadowed face.
specifically adv /spəˈsɪfɪkli/ Do you read anything specifically to improve your English?
stab (sb) v I’m scared someone is going to stab me in this pub.
straight away adv I’ll let you know straight away.
traumatic adj /trɔːˈmætɪk/ It was a very traumatic experience.
spell n We need this warm spell after the rain we have had.
sweat v /ˈswet/ I’m sweating. Can we turn the air conditioning on?
thick (fog) adj The fog was so thick I couldn’t see anything.
turbine n /ˈtɜːbaɪn/ A wind turbine converts wind power into energy.
acid rain n Acid rain can poison lakes, kill forests, and corrode buildings.
climate change n Obama also plans to discuss climate change and energy policy
during a visit to Alaska in early September.
conservation n Harry is currently working in South Africa on conservation projects.
disposable adj Disposable items like plastic cups and paper plates have a harmful
effect on the environment.
dispose (of) v Staff can dispose of all recyclable items in these green bins.
endanger v Air pollution may endanger the lives of people with respiratory
illnesses.
extinct adj The Sumatran rhino—the rarest rhino species—is now considered
extinct in the wild in Malaysia, according to a study published this
month.
fossil fuel n The burning of fossil fuels causes more greenhouse gases to build up
in the atmosphere.
greenhouse effect n They are very clear that the rising carbon dioxide is actually
contributing to an increased greenhouse effect at those sites.
hazardous waste n It alleges that a DEQ employee knew about holes used to hide or
illegally dump barrels of hazardous waste.
organic adj Generally speaking, Americans say they want healthier diets—more
organic foods, more vegetables, less sugar, salt, and fat, and so on.
overpopulation n It is one symptom of a global problem - human overpopulation.
ozone depletion n Established in 1985, that Convention protects us from the potentially
devastating effects of ozone depletion.
ozone layer n The ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere helps protect our planet.
polar ice caps n Global warming is leading to the thawing of the polar ice caps.
pollutant n Carbon dioxide (CO) is an example of an air pollutant.
(endangered) species n /ˈspiːʃiːz/ Mountain gorillas are an endangered species.
astonished adj I was astonished when they lost. They always win.
bewildered (by) adj /bɪˈwɪldəd/ I was bewildered by the range of choices.
delighted adj I was delighted with my high score.
desperate adj I was desperate to get a job. I really needed the money.
devastated adj /ˈdevəsteɪtɪd/ I was devastated when my grandad died.
grateful adj I’m grateful for any help I get.
homesick adj I miss home so much. I’m feeling homesick.
horrified adj My mum was horrified with the mess in my room.
offended adj /əˈfendɪd/ I feel really offended. My cousin didn’t invite me to his wedding.
overwhelmed adj I just don’t know what to say. I’m overwhelmed with emotion.
relieved adj I was relieved when I finally got a job.
shattered adj I’m absolutely shattered. I just want to sit down and relax.
stunned adj /stʌnd/ I was stunned by the proposal. I just wasn’t expecting it.
thrilled adj /θrɪld/ I was thrilled when I heard I was going to become a grandparent.
abandon v /əˈbændən/ Eventually they decided to abandon the search for the village and just hike
back to Apollo.
assess v They don’t panic and assess the situation clearly.
attempt n It took me five attempts to get it right.
avalanche n /ˈævəlɑːnʃ/ An avalanche can be extremely dangerous for climbers.
bother v / I wish people wouldn’t leave supermarket trolleys in the car park just
can't be bothered because they can’t be bothered to take them back.
(to do sth)
come to terms Humour plays a fundamental role in helping us to come to terms with our
with (sth) regret.
dwell (on/upon) v A recent survey has shown that we spend almost three quarters of an hour
every week dwelling on our regrets.
infuriate v /ɪnˈfjʊərieɪt It really infuriates me when people drive too close behind me.
/
in the long run In the long run it was probably a good thing.
intruder n What would you do if you woke up in the middle of the night and thought
that you could hear an intruder in your home?
lethal adj /ˈliːθl/ Many plant and animal species known to man are lethal.
overcome v Can you teach me how to overcome this feeling?
rational adj /ˈræʃnəl/ Try to keep calm and behave in a rational way.
English Vocabulary in Use Upper-Intermediate 3rd Edition
U41 Pleasant and Unpleasant Things
anxious adj I was so anxious before the exam results came out.
confused adj I feel so confused – she changes her mind so frequently.
contented adj She is a contented person, but her sister is discontented.
fed up (with)/ I'm really fed up with her rudeness and sick (and tired) of her bad behaviour.
sick and tired (of)
inspired adj I felt so inspired after the concert that I decided to take up the piano lessons.
miserable adj She felt so miserable when things went wrong in her life.
background noise I was working in a busy store with background noise from shoppers and
music, and I started finding it difficult to hear what customers were
saying.
be moved to tears Former London mayor Ken Livingstone was today moved to tears as he
listened back to the speech he made following the 7/7 terror attacks.
choir n /ˈkwʌɪə/ Many people sang in school or church choirs.
chorus n /ˈkɔːrəs/ The chorus is the most famous part of the song.
deteriorate v Unless I protected my ears, my hearing would deteriorate more or I would
finally become deaf.
genre n /ˈʒɒnrə/ What genre of music do you like?
graffiti n /ɡrəˈfiːti/ Some people think that graffiti is art.
hearing aid n My grandad needs a hearing aid to hear.
symphony n /ˈsɪmfəni/ I love Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony.
weep v Some people find music so moving that it makes them weep.
box office n At the theatre or cinema tickets are sold at the box office.
controversy n /,kɔntrə'vɜːsɪ/ Despite the controversy of the playwright, it had a great success.
rehearsal n /rɪ'hɜːsəl/ Before the concert they had rehearsals every evening.
utterly adv /'ʌtəlɪ/ Every single performance is utterly different from every other one.
audience n /'ɔːdiəns The people who watch a show are the audience.
/
be set An ocean liner is such a romantic place for a film to be set.
cast n The cast was first class, with particularly strong performance from the two
leading actors.
director n The director of 'Titanic' is James Cameron.
entertainer n Entertainers are people whose job is to entertain others.
give a performance The cast gave a marvellous performance in the play last night.
set n The audience found the sets original and visually interesting.
scene n /si:n/ Do you fancy going to see 'Titanic'? Our local cinema is showing it again
next week, I love that scene at the prow of the ship.
screenplay n James Cameron, the director of 'Titanic' also wrote the screenplay.
script n After the new play was put on at the Central Theatre, the audience
commented on the quality of the script.
promote v The actor on TV last night was promoting an interesting new play he's
appearing in at The Globe.
venue n /'venju:/ The venue has been recently refurbished and has a large revolving stage.
viewer n /vju:ə/ Viewer is only used about someone watching a TV programme.
accuse (of) v They were accused of armed robbery and car theft.
acquit (of) v He was acquitted of any involvement in the robbery and allowed to go free.
assassination n The assassination of Kennedy is one of the highest-profile crimes of its kind.
blackmail n Blackmail is often committed when someone has some information another
person wants kept secret.
bribery n They got the contract by using bribery.
charge (with) v Finally they were charged with armed robbery.
drug dealing n Drug dealing involves selling any illegal drug.
evidence n The jury looked at and heard all the evidence.
fraud n /frɔːd/ He committed fraud by using other people’s identities.
hacking n Hacking into computer systems can enable people to steal private
information.
hijacking n The hijacking of the plane forced the airport to close.
kidnapping n Kidnapping often happens when a criminal tries to get money from a rich
person.
manslaughter n /ˈmænslɔːtə Manslaughter is killing someone by accident.
/
mugging n /ˈmʌɡɪŋ/ Mugging is like robbery but on the street.
pickpocket n /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ A pickpocket is someone who steals from you in the street, usually without
you noticing.
proof n There was no proof that Adam had committed the crime.
rape n Rape is often about power and control.
sentence (to) v He sentenced him to ten years in prison/ jail.
shoplifting n Shoplifting is stealing something in a shop.
smuggling n Smuggling involves taking illegal products from one country to another.
stalking n /ˈstɔːkɪŋ/ Stalking can happen physically or on the internet.
ban (from) v How is being banned from using the Internet any different to being banned
from a library because you stole some books from there ?
breed n Some breeds of dog are aggressive.
campaign v /kæmˈpeɪn/ People campaign for things they believe in.
disconnection n When the government proposed punishing illegal downloaders with internet
disconnection, people campaigned againstit.
fake adj /feɪk/ Lots of people buy fake products because they are cheaper than a genuine
product.
hand over v A woman in Florida handed over $400 for an iPad which turned out to be
fake.
idol n /ˈaɪdl/ Fans who don’t pay their idols are like lovers who promise everlasting love
but then sit and watch you as you drown.
inmate n /ˈɪnmeɪt/ In prisons many of the inmates take drugs.
limited supplies n Limited supplies don't mean that companies are running out of products.
luxury n /ˈlʌkʃəri/ We don’t have a right to listen to the music we want for free. These things are
treats, pleasures, luxuries.
minor offence n /ˈmaɪnə/ Community service is the best punishment for young people who commit a
minor offence.
necessity n /nəˈsesəti/ The internet isn’t a necessity.
reputable adj /ˈrepjətəbl/ The safest thing to do is to phone a reputable company every time you need a
cab.
squat v /skwɒt/ Squatting in an unoccupied house is illegal.
suspicious adj The guy following her looked very suspicious.
tramp n You don’t have to look like a tramp, but you should try to look as if you aren’t
carrying much of value.
accomplice n /ə'kɒmplis/ They also accused his twin brother of being his accomplice.
be tried The case came to court and they were tried. The trial did not last very
long.
case n A case is a crime that is being investigated, i.e. under investigation.
convict (of) v They decided he was guilty and he was convicted of robbery.
get time off Many prisoners end up getting time off for good behaviour.
offence n Police are treating the incident as an offence of having a dog
dangerously out of control in a public place.
offender n Currently only the most serious of offenders are detained.
pass verdict on sb. After brief deliberations the jury passed verdict on the accused.
plead not guilty /'pli:d/ They both pleaded not guilty in court.
prosecuting lawyer n The lawyer did her best to defend them, but the prosecuting lawyer
produced a very strong case against them.
release (from) v /ri'li:s/ The judge sentenced him to two years in prison, but he will probably be
released from prison after 18 months.
serve in prison He served two years in prison but was released from it a year early.
suspect n /'sʌspəkt/ A suspect is a person who is suspected of committing an offence.
(be on) trial (for sth) n /'traɪəl/ Jason was on trial for assault.
under investigation The murder case is still under investigation (by the police).
accurate adj /ˈækjərət/ The film review was quite accurate. It said the plot was poor but the acting
was good, which was true.
biased adj /ˈbaɪəst/ The news on Channel 12 is really biased. You can’t believe anything you
hear on it.
censored adj /ˈsensəd/ I think the report was censored. The newspaper wasn’t allowed to publish all
the details.
commentator n /ˈkɒmənteɪtə/ A commentator is a person who describes a sports event while it’s happening
on TV or radio.
editor n /'editə/ An editor is a person in charge of a newspaper or magazine, or part of one,
and decides what should be in it.
freelance /ˈfriːlɑːns / A freelance journalist is a person who writes articles for different papers
journalist n and is not employed by any one paper.
newsreader n /ˈnjuːzriːdə/ A newsreader is a person who reads the news on TV or radio.
objective adj /əbˈdʒektɪv/ I think 'The Observer' is the most objective. It bases its stories just on facts,
not on feelings or beliefs.
paparazzi n pl /pæpəˈrætsi/ The paparazzi are photographers who follow famous people around to get
photos of them to sell to newspapers and magazines.
presenter n A presenter is a person who introduces the different sections of a radio or TV
programme.
reporter n A reporter is a person who collects and reports news for newspapers, radio,
or TV.
row n /raʊ/ I had a row with my boyfriend last night.
sensational adj The reporting in the paper was very sensational. It made the story seem
more shocking than it really was.
subscribe (to) v, To read newspapers on the Internet, you may have to subscribe to them /
subscription n pay a subscription.
admit (V-ing) v He later admitted having seen the dish on the menu.
armoured adj /ˈɑːməd/ Sommerville climbs into a British armoured vehicle.
column n /ˈkɒləm/ Geoff Lewis, 30, writes a weekly newspaper column on cooking.
deny (V-ing) v He denied breaking the window.
literally adv /ˈlɪtərəli/ You could see his paw print on the key of the phone. He literally saved
his own life.
skip v I often skip some sections of the newspaper.
unanimously adv /juˈnænɪməsli/ Newspaper staff tried both dishes and unanimously declared Andrew’s
to be the winner.
(un)distinguished adj The undistinguished building would not be noticed by anyone.
English Vocabulary in Use Upper-Intermediate 3rd Edition
U35 The Press and the Media
advert (advertisement /ˈædvɜːt, Can you think of a recent advert which made you not want to ever
/ad) n ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt, buy the product?
æd/
commercial n /kəˈmɜːʃl/ TV and radio commercials cannot make false claims about a
product.
legitimate adj He was running a legitimate business at the same time.
misleading adj Celebrity endorsers were not responsible for misleading
statements in ads.
progress v /prəˈɡres/ The business is going digital to progress further.
reasonable adj /ˈriːznəbl/ Many reasonable-looking restaurants have very expensive wine
lists.
refund n /ˈriːfʌnd/ Sorry, we don’t give refunds. You can’t get your money back.
satisfactory adj /ˌsætɪsˈfæktəri/ Our accommodation isn’t satisfactory.
sue (sb) v /suː/ Lauren threatened to sue a blogger who was the first person to
publish and comment on the image online.
trustworthy adj His business propositions seemed perfectly trustworthy.
(un)intentionally adv I’m sorry I offended you. I did it unintentionally.
alienation n /eilɪe'neɪʃn/ Alienation is the feeling that you don't belong to a community.
commuter n It can take two-and-a-half hours for commuters to drive to and from work in the
rush hour through choking traffic fumes.
(social) divide There is a huge social divide. On one hillside we see massive, luxurious houses
n and on the next hill, slums.
entire adj /ɪnˈtaɪə/ By the end of the century three-quarters of the entire planet will be urban.
exquisite adj /'ekskwizit/ And the Art Museum is full of exquisite pieces from Medieval times.
extensive adj Despite the extensive metro system the traffic in the city is terrible.
fusion n The city offers a fusion of East and West.
harbour n /ˈhɑːbə/ They went down to the harbour to see if they had fresh fish.
incident n The incident made him leave his job.
inhabitant n A mega city is a city with more than ten million inhabitants.
intact adj /ɪnˈtækt/ These walls are amazing – they’re completely intact even after the war.
leftovers n pl /ˈleftəʊvəz/ I usually eat the leftovers from dinner for lunch the next day.
overcharge v Unofficial taxi drivers overcharge passengers for the ride to their hotel from the
airport.
policy n /ˈpɒləsi/ The manager called a meeting so as to explain the new policy.
slum n Millions of people live in slums without basic facilities.
social Because of social imbalance it can be a dangerous city, with high levels of
imbalance n crime.
vibrant adj /ˈvaɪbrənt/ Mexico City is a colourful and vibrant city where people live their lives in the
street.
authenticity n /,ɔθən'tisiti/ This popular period drama has been widely praised for its authenticity,
visual style, costume design and acting.
billboard n Do you think billboards make the streets uglier or more attractive?
persuasion n Using celebrities in advertising is a way of persuasion.
subconsciously adv /səb'kɔnʃəsli/ I'm sure not consciously, but I'm sure subconsciously.
susceptible (to) adj I'm very susceptible to advertising because I tend to notice it, I think I'm
very sensitive to stuff that's not true.
vague adj /'veig/ The executive manages to effortlessly transform a vague idea into
advertising gold.
word for word I repeated her instructions word for word to avoid any confusion.
additive n /ˈædətɪv/ There were several deaths from lead poisoning at the factory where the
additive was produced.
anaesthetic n /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/ I was given an anaesthetic before my operation.
blood transfusion /ˈblʌd/ After she lost a lot of blood the doctors performed a blood transfusion.
n
clinical trial n /ˈtraɪəl/ People can volunteer to be guinea pigs in clinical trials.
conductor n When lightning strikes a car, its metal body acts as a conductor and
passes the electrical current down to the ground.
cosmetics n pl /kɒzˈmetɪks/ Does it make a difference if the experiments are for medical research or
for cosmetics testing?
distracting adj There were too many distracting graphics. I couldn’t concentrate.
inhale v To prove its safety he inhaled its vapour for a minute.
insanity n /in'sæniti/ In spite of a lot of scientific research, nobody has found any link between
the full moon and insanity or crime.
intense adj /ɪnˈtens/ A diamond can be destroyed by either intense heat or acid.
lead n /led/ Lead was added to petrol to make car engines less noisy.
mankind n /mænˈkaɪnd/ Shamanism is the oldest healing method of mankind.
nuclear adj /ˈnjuːkliə/ Nuclear power is one of the main sources of energy in some countries.
side effect n /ɪ'fekt/ Scientists have to do a lot of research into the possible side effects of new
drugs.
solid adj /ˈsɒlɪd/ Helium gas can be found in both liquid and solid form.
think up To make the process more efficient, he thought up an idea for a new
machine.
toxic adj Toxic substances cause damage to the environment.
vapour n /ˈveɪpə/ He inhaled its vapour for a minute.
alter v /’ɔːltə/ Genetic engineering works with DNA of living things to alter features.
cell n /’sel/ Research of the human stem cells will help to treat diseases and injury and
to repair the body.
cloning n Talking about cloning people are often worried that the creation of an
exact copy of an animal is not morally right.
established (fields) adj Chemistry, physics and botany are the traditional branches of science, but
what about more recently established fields ?
flaw n I returned the material because it had a flaw in it.
GM foods Many people refuse to eat genetically modified foods.
(genetically modified)
interact (with) v Ergonomics studies the design of physical working spaces and how people
interact with them.
utilize v (fml) /ju:tilaiz/ He experimented with different materials before utilizing one.
apartheid n /əˈpɑːtaɪt, Apartheid in South Africa gave white people more rights than others.
əˈpɑːteɪt/
disastrous adj /di'za:strəs/ That was my most disastrous presentation I have ever made.
give (make) a Winston Churchill gave this speech to the House of Commons in 1940.
speech
give and take Every relationship needs a bit of give and take.
imprison v Several suffragettes had been imprisoned for attacking policeman.
inspirational adj Do you know any famous inspirational speeches?
(in)tolerable adj /ɪnˈtɒlərəbl/ It is only people who feel an intolerable sense of oppression who would
adopt a means of that kind.
invasion n A German invasion of Britain was expected at any moment in 1940.
lawsuit n /ˈlɔːsuːt/ He filed a lawsuit against his record company.
obstacle n /ˈɒbstəkl/ We will never give up no matter what obstacles stand in our way.
resist v However long it takes, we will resist the enemy and never willgive up.
stamina n /ˈstæmɪnə/ My brother has neither the energy nor the stamina to run a marathon.
surrender v /səˈrendə/ We shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we
shall never surrender.
withstand v /wɪðˈstænd/ Nothing can withstand the power of millions of voices calling for change.