Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
the very beginning of time. One of these problems could be the scarcity of
materials or the lack of resources to sustain life and make it more enjoyable and
fulfilling.
ever make. Investment in the sense that it is a preparation for a lifetime career
graduate output of the institutions of higher learning are growing rapidly. This had
been the big problem concerning our society. Thus, the reform in the higher
education system must necessarily provide skilled graduates with suitable value
A tracer study or graduate survey is a survey (in written, oral form, online)
graduation or the end of the training. The subjects of a tracer study can be
manifold, but common topics include questions on study progress, the transition
to work, work entrance, job career, use of learned competencies, current
Hazaymeh and Dela Peña, (2003) as cited by Del Mar et al, (2018) states
that a tracer study enables the institution of higher education to get information
for curricular improvement. Thus, the quality of the tertiary education curriculum
status of the graduates of the program. Also, employment for teachers is highly
The study that was conducted by Del Mar et al in 2018 proved how tracer
study helped augmenting the curriculum of their department. Base on the salient
findings of their survey, their department has produced competent graduates who
should be considered.
is expected that students go back to their provinces when they graduate and
really occurring. This study therefore attempts to survey and trace the graduates
In order to trace more alumni of DTTE, a second phase of the tracer study
conducted.
Conceptual Framework
First Job.
the aim of being employed and success in the real world after college is often
graduates as teachers.
Research Paradigm
LET Performance
Relevance of the
Curriculum to the First
Job
Employability
Duration of First Job Of
Graduates
Competencies Learned
in College
Classification of
Employment
This study is the second phase of the tracer study of the Department of
of the graduates of DTTE formerly DITE and DHTE from year 1987-2018.
graduates.
To the Students. The result of the study will serve as eye opener to the students
To the Department. The department may have an idea how to improve, what
To the Administrators. The result of this study may provide guidance to school
To the Future Researchers. This study may help the future researchers to be
This study will serve as a reference for more studies in the future.
This study set its parameters solely to trace and determine the
Automotive Technology) from Year 1987-2018. The study include the graduates
The respondents of this study were the 357 BSIED graduates from Year
1987-2018 and BSTTE graduates from 2015 to 2018. It was conducted through
December 2018.
Definition of Terms
give the definitions of some terms used herein. For further classification and
Tracer Study. The way of understanding the relevance and quality of program
and Shisanya (2013). In this study, it refers to the tool of data base
This chapter includes the review of literature and studies which supported
the conceptualization and development of the current study. They were either
Related Literature
Quality of Graduates
Throughout higher education there has been a lot of talk about graduate
will emerge with following their degree (Frawley, 2017). ‘Graduate attributes are
students should develop during their time with the institution. These attributes
include, but go beyond, the disciplinary expertise or technical knowledge that has
traditionally formed the core of most university courses. They are qualities that
2000).
Bowden and Marton (1998) argue that the curriculum for any university
needs to be developed around the idea that students are being prepared for a
working environment they find themselves in after graduation” (p. 151). In other
words, they are expected to have developed not only subject specific skills but
Employability
more likely to secure and be successful in their chosen occupation, which benefit
themselves, the workforce, the community and the economy (Yorke and Knight,
2004).
as easily understood yet intricate in nature (Hartshorn & Sear, 2005), with little
occupations, beneficial to the graduates, the workforce, the community and the
the competencies in fulfilling the designated tasks in their fields of study. For
context (e.g. personal circumstances and labor market environment) within which
forms of support to overcome the physical and mental barriers to learning and
personal development (i.e. updating their assets). It is not just about vocational
and academic skills, but individuals need relevant and usable labor market
information to help them make informed decisions about the labor market options
literacies.
bank of skills Morley (2001). Knight (2001) and Yorke (2001) consider the
various kinds and subject understanding but also an “alumni survey” which
Tracer Study has proven to be an effective method in getting accurate and quick
inputs for the purpose of ensuring the human capital produced by higher
education institutions are at all times relevant and be able to meet the ever
service provision and quality control. Past researches also revealed that
employers looked for certain skills, behaviors and attitudes in their potential
employees.
For the above reason, many employers would select applicants who are
motivated, possess basic skills, and performers with creative thinking and
players, influence others to act with leadership skills, with high level of integrity
(SCANS, 1991).
With such qualities sought after by employers, applicants who work not
only for money but in order to contribute to the organization could be considered
as self-actualized but practical life seekers, the reason why people work, they
work for money to pay for necessities such as food, clothing and housing. They
also work to satisfy their needs for social contact, esteem and self-realization
(Kimbrell and Vineyard, 1999). These are graduates from schools whose records
Tracer study is one of the most beneficial ways to find out the current
status of the graduates after graduation from college and used in most
places and positions held. Through this study, an institution will be able to
which takes place after graduation or the end of the training. The subjects of a
tracer study can be diverse, but common topics include questions on study
progress, the transition to work, work entrance, job career, use of learned
vital tools to monitor measure how effective have been the programs offered in
school by which their graduates had been trained academically and how their
skills were developed in order to prepare them for the real world of work.
profile of graduates, their undergraduate experience, the first and current jobs of
in their job. Graduate tracer collects data on the relevance of curriculum viz.
data would be easily analyzed. A tracer study in the field of education includes
decades, like what was done by Harald Schomburg and his colleagues at the
Centre for Higher Education and Work, University of Kassel, Germany, where
considerable researches were conducted, another one was the CHEERS (Career
after Higher Education-a European Research Study) which investigated the links
2003).
growing demand for tracer studies due to the requirements of accreditation and
regular tracer studies and there is demand from donor agencies for empirical
finding in the literature was the importance of previous work experience for the
success of the new graduates (Rateau and Kaufman, 2009). Employers highlight
the importance of previous work experience as a means for the student to mature
and gain real life experience that only work can provide (Sleap and Reed, 2006).
a more „work ready‟ and a „more balanced graduate‟ (Coll and Zegwaard, 2006,
p. 30) where students work hard in the workplace, at the same time pursue
higher studies to which Harvey (2005) agreed that experiences in working with
worker.
Parallel to the above contention, Fallows and Weller (2000) cited about
to their first job more easily and expressed a better understanding of different
the last twenty years has been the democratization of insecurity of work where
technicians, engineers, managers and professionals as well were all given work
Related Studies
Gbadeyan (2015) mention that there is an impact of teachers‟ salary to their job
higher salary of the teachers can boost their morale to perform better in teaching.
This scenario connects the study of Wangchuk (2002) that generally most
the rural areas in Paro. This means comforts for better life are found in urbanite
city than in rural areas. Signals in the use of technology for instructional purposes
like the use of social media and multi-media presentations can be accessed
made available for the public and it was done by the Quality Assurance Unit to
verify the quality of higher education in this public University. The findings of the
study would help the University identify its learning outcomes, the strengths and
education/training and the labor market needs. To assure the effectiveness of the
University programs, the study was conducted with two different cohorts so that
On the other hand, in the study of Labaria (2016) “Job Satisfaction and
note. It is through education and proper training that one may get a decent job
Study of the Employment Status of PUPQC AY 2004- 2005” that the general
profile and the present employment status of the respondents which are
certain institution that can be measured through the quality of their respective
graduates. The relation of their course to their present jobs, the relevance of the
curriculum in college, the competencies learned in college that they find most
useful in your job, their job position, reasons for changing job and lastly their
well as the where abouts and the present situation of the graduates are the
reason why the curriculum is still existing. Furthermore, the result is to help the
its students in consonance with requirements of the industry, thus assuring the
In similar with Vong (2014), the Royal University of Phnom Penh has been
institutions, NGOs, and various private sectors. Most professional teaching jobs
were fulltime which provided the graduates with reasonable earnings even if they
were still quite limited. To survive as teachers in the current Cambodian context,
many graduates have to work extra hours in part-time jobs in order to earn extra
Teaching Physical Education (CPE) from 1995 to 2005 answered the profile of
the CPE graduates in terms of job position and the employment in terms of job
employment in the national government receiving 10,000 Php to 15,000 Php per
month as wages, though not given equal opportunities like those of education
sufficient for new graduates to have knowledge because most industries today
need applicants who are capable to perform different kinds of jobs in multi-
tasking, team work and job rotations, even do work simplification with the
graduates, which could mean that schools, colleges, and universities must offer
challenges at work.
The foregoing literature and studies had shed light on this current
research undertaking for they cited instances where graduate tracers were
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in the study to
include the subject of the subject of the study, research design, instrument used
Research Design
Descriptive survey research was used in this study, where a survey was
conducted to trace and determine the employability of the graduates from the
. The respondents of the study were the graduates of the BSIED degree
Livelihood Education and Home Economics are also included in this study.
These were graduates during the years 1987 to 2018 in the College of Education
Convenience sampling method was used in this study which relies on data
in the study. From the obtained list of graduates, they were sent with the survey
online and face to face survey for those who are not available online.
Research Instrument
Education graduate tracer study questionnaire, which is slightly modified for the
purpose of the study. The items on the questionnaire were modified into an
online survey using Google forms channeled through Facebook. Then a survey
questionnaire was launch to selected school within Iligan city where DTTE alumni
The first part of the questionnaire is about the Profile of the graduates, the
second part is the Let Performance of the graduates, the third part is the
Employability of the graduates, the fourth part is the Relevance of the Curriculum
to the First Job of the graduates, the fifth part is the Graduates Competencies
After the consent of the thesis adviser, a letter was hand-carried to the
college dean asking for list of names and addresses of respondents, then noted
was prepared.
After the approval, the respondents were contacted via Facebook and
school visitation was done around Iligan City. Data gathered were tallied,
1. Percentage (%) - use to get the percentage of the DHTE, DITE and
This chapter presents the Analyses and Interpretation of the results from the
gathered data. Data were tabulated, computed, and analyzed. The focus of this
a. Course Taken
from the S.Y 1979-2018. In terms of the course taken, BSIED Drafting
Technology had the most number of responses with 120 or (32.4 %) out of 370
Technology and Livelihood Education with 8 (%), 4 (2.4%) each from BSIED
amount of responses since they were employed as CAD operators and some
Separated/ Divorse 2
Single Parent 4
197
Single
Married 163
survey were still single comprising of 197 (53.3%) while 163 (44.1%) were
already married. There were 4 (1.1%) for each single parent and married but not
respondents since most of the responses on the survey came from the year 2010
onwards. Since they graduated younger thus, they were most likely single.
c. Year Graduated
120
108 105
100
80
69
60
44
40
20 16
11 13
4
0
1979-1983 1982-1988 1989-1993 1994-1998 1999-2003 2004-2008 2009-2013 2014-2018
It is observed at Figure 4 that among all of the 370 alumni, those who
answered the survey consisting of 108 (32.4%). The numbers of the respondents
on the year 2014 to 2018 were nearly close from the total respondents of 2009 to
2013 it consist of 105 (31.5%). There were 16(4.8%) who graduated in 1982 to
The oldest respondents who completed the survey had graduated in year 1979 to
2013 were graduates, active on social media like Facebook compared to the
158
212
Female
Male
were males. Generally, the BSIED, BSE, and BSTTE program were dominated
by female students.
Females used social networking sites to stay connected and in touch with
family or friends. Men on the other hand, used social media to look for
information they needed to create influence. Social media helped them produce
Vermeren (2015) argued that men and women had varying degrees of online
activities across different sites. 74% of internet users were using social media,
PBET 12
NO 44
YES 282
number of respondents (282 out 370 respondents) indicated that they passed the
Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET). Only 44 (11.9%) indicated that they
did not pass the LET. There were 12 (3.2%) specified that they had taken PBET,
while 30 (8.1%) identified that they had not yet taken the LET since the time they
graduated, and 1 (0.3%) each are currently taking and waiting for the result.
Result proves that the graduates were armed with the essential qualities
needed since most of them passed the Licensure Examination for Teachers
(LET).
3. Employability of Graduates
a. Present Employment
Yes 322
No 44
employed. Only 44 (11.9%) were not employed while 4 (1.1%) had never been
employed. Reasons for not being employed included health and family concern.
The result tells that the BSIED, BSE and BSTTE graduates have higher
employability rate thus, this implies that the department quality graduates. High
employability rate could be associated with the quality of graduates the BSIED,
Others 25
Contractual 40
Casual 11
Temporary
24
245
Regular
Since most of the graduates were board passers then most likely they will
Others 70
None 9
Government Employee (Pulis, Military, Nurse,… 21
Call Center 10
Sales 12
Entrepreneur 3
Public School (Tertiary) 16
Private School (Tertiary) 7
Public School (Secondary) 104
Private School (Secondary) 9
Public School (Elementary) 56
Private School (Elementary) 8
Industry 45
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
the public school tertiary, 12 (3.6%) were sales representative, 9 (2.6%) were
have 8 (2.3%), 7 (2%) were teaching in private school tertiary, 3 (0.9%) were
Based on the results, public school teachers had the highest amount
No answer 35
Abroad 21
Local
314
It can be noted in Figure 10 that among the 370 respondents, 314 (94.2%)
(police, nurse, military etc.), and others. There were 21 (6.3%) who were working
abroad as draftsman, sales representative, and others while 35 (10.5%) did not
Although the results have shown that most of the respondents were
employed locally but it could be fairly said that BSIED, BSE, and BSTTE
graduates were globally competent since there was a quantity of them who were
employed abroad.
e. First Job after College
28
124
Yes
No
No answer
218
Figure 11 shows the first job of the graduates after college, 218 (65.4%)
indicated that it was not their first job, while 124 (37.2%) agreed that it was their
first job. On the other hand, 28 (8.4%) did not have any responses on this item.
The results implied that the graduates had experienced other job rather
than the job that they were having at the time of the survey.
f. Duration on their First Job
80
60 44
33 38
40
11 7
20 2
0
Less than a 1 to 6 7 to 11 1 year to 2 years to 3 years to None Others
month months months less than 2 less than 3 less than 4
years years years
respondents took less than a month to find a job, 106 (31.8%) had 1 to 6 months
to get a job, while a quarter had 7 months to less than 4 years before getting a
job.
The result implies that the graduates were competent and knowledgeable
not only in theories but also on necessary skills required in their desired position
21
Yes
76 273 No
No answer
Figure 13 shows the relevance of the BSIED, BSE, and BSTTE curriculum
to the first job of the alumni. There were 273 (81.9%) who acknowledged that the
BSIED, BSE, and BSTTE curriculum was relevant to their first job while 76
(22.8%) answered that the curriculum from which they graduated was not
relevant to their first job since their first job was not related to teaching. There
Based on the results, it can be said that the BSIED, BSIED, and BSTTE
curriculum was relevant to the required knowledge and skills in their first job
Problem-solving skills
157
18
Technical skills
(25.1%). It was followed by “human relations skills” with 195 (21.7%) responses,
third was “critical thinking skills” with 186 (20.7% ) responses, “problem solving
skills” ranked fourth (17.5%) responses. There were 114 (12.7%) respondents
skills”.
and a necessary not only in teaching but also in the field of industry. In contrast,
quality assured. ( R101, R143, R220,R85, R119, R139 , R13, R200 R144
Updated software to use for drafting designing and photo editing. (R114,
knowledge and skills. ( R47, R53, R68, R69, R82, R92, R104, R123,
R157, R169, R186, R188, R192 , R194, R204, R206, R97, R214, R116
theories about the subject matter as well as for the practical methods. .
More activities that would further improved 21st century skills to be globally
competitive. ( R47, R53, R68, R69, R82, R92, R104, R123, R157, R169,
R186, R188, R192 , R194, R204, R206, R97, R214, R116 R95)
in the major subject areas. (R96, R99, R115, R199, R107 R165)
R24, R33, R35, R41, R42, R44, R54, R55, R59, R76, R90, R91, R93,
R97, R111, R118, R146, R153, R155, R156, R162, R167, R174, R176,
Summary of Findings
1987-2018. It also included the first and second batches of graduates of the
graduated.
selected 500 respondents. However, only 357 alumni responded to the survey.
Drafting Technology.
Conclusion
Recommendations
presented:
respondents.
Iligan city.
Books
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Insert REX
APPENDICES
INSERT REYNA
APPENDICES
APPENDIX H
CURRICULUM VITAE
Personal Data
Name : Villegas, Lyka Abegail C.
Birthdate : November 3, 1998
Birthplace : Iligan City
Home Address : Purok 3, Brgy. Buru-un,
Iligan City
Age : 20
Sex : Female
Religion : Roman Catholic
Civil Status : Single
Father : Eustequio C. Villegas
Mother : Rebecca C. Villegas
Educational Attainment
Educational Attainment
Educational Attainment