Dinamica de Estructuras Con MATLAB

International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology
Design of Earthquake Resistance

Buildings
Steel Building
Professor: Dr. F. Nateghi-A

Student: Mehdi Vojoudi
THINK GLOBAL, ACT LOCAL
Autumn 2003
In The Name Of Allah
Contents
PART I Building Information
1. General Information 1
1.1. Architectural Information
1.2. General Structural Information
1.3. Soil Properties
1.4. Material Properties
1.5. Design and Analysis Criteria
2. General and Basic Loading Information 4
2.1. Dead Loads
2.2. Live Loads
2.3. Soil Pressure Loads
2.4. Wind Loads
2.5. Quake Loads
2.6. Loading Summary
3. Composite Beam Design 19
3.1. Composite beam type A
3.2. Composite beam type B
4. Diaphragm Control 33
5. Chiller Joints Design 35
6. Stair beams design 36
6.1. Beam design
6.2. Stair connection design
7. Loading combinations 38
8. Base plate design 39
8.1. Base plate 1 (450*450*25)
8.2. Base plate 2 (420*420*25)
8.3. Base plate 3 (400*400*25)
9. Section definition 45
9.1. Column sections
9.2. Beam sections
9.3. Bracing sections
PART II MRF SYSTEM DESIGN
1. Structural Bearing System 57
2. Computer modeling 57
3. Exact Loading Information 58
4. Analyzing Information 60
5. Analyzing output 61
6. Structural Design 61
7. Column Design 61
a. Column Section Design
b. Column Connectors
8. Beam Design 80
9. Rigid connection Design 83
10. Story Drift Control 88
11. P-∆ Effect 92
12. Service earthquake 92
13. Overturning control 93
14. Vertical Earthquake Control 94
15. Uplift Control 94
16. Foundation design 95
PART III BRACING in One Direction and Frame in another
2. Braced Frame Locating 97
4. Brace Design 100
6. P-∆ Effect 109
7. Foundation design 109
PART IV ECCENTRIC Bracing in both directions
2. Braced Frame Locating 113
4. EBF Design 115
Weight Comparing of structures 123
Appendix A: ETABS Input data 124

Part I
Building
Information
Earthquake Resistance Design General Information
1. General Information
The building is placed in Tehran city and contains 17 stories. Details and
specifications of stories are mentioned bellow:
1.1 Architectural Information

The plan of the building has a trapezium shape that the dimensions
in the longest sides are 15m * 34.3m. There is a retreat in south of
the plan. Fig 1.1.1 shows a schematic view of building plan shape.
First two stories will be used as parking and basement and in the
parking there are two warehouses and central heating instruments.
A ramp is placed in east side of the building and provides the
access path to the parking level. Basement has different
architectural plan from other floors and other stories have similar
plans.
Area of each story is about 495 m2 and the height of parking is 3 m
and height of other stories is 3.2 m so the total height of the
structure is 54.2m that according to the parking level, total height
above the ground is 51.2m.
The stairway is placed in the middle of east side of the building
and elevators are beside the stairway.
Fig 1.1.1 Schematic Plan of Building
1
Central Heating System
Warehouse
P a r k i n g
Warehouse
Fig 1.1.2 Schematic Plan of Building
1.2. General Structural information

The structural system will be steel frame that should be designed in
three different methods,
i. MRF
ii. Bracing in one direction and frame in another
iii. Eccentric Bracing in both direction
There are three different parts in this report (PART II-IV) that
cover all method.
The foundation base level is 3 meters bellow the ground level due
to the parking height. Because the structure is unique and it is far
from other buildings, there is no need to structural joints. Roof
system is composite.
A 22 ton chiller is placed on the roof as central air conditioning
that should be designed as a secondary system.
1.3. Soil Properties

Bearing capacity of soil is qa=2 kg/cm2 and the freezing level is
about 80 cm. there is not any available information for soil. But we
consider the ground water level bellow 4 meters and there is not
any major problem in soil as liquefaction threat during the
earthquake.
2
1.4. Material Properties

ST-37 steel used in the structural design and the Fy=2400 Kg/cm2
for this steel.
Fy = 2400 Kg/cm2 for A-I rebar and Fy = 3000 Kg/cm2 for A-II
rebar. And the F’c for concrete is 210 Kg/cm2.
1.5. Design and Analysis Criteria
The following codes are used in this project:

AISC-1978
ACI-318-83
519 Iranian Loading Code
2800 Standard for Seismic Provision of Iranian Code
10th Section of Iranian Building code for Welding properties
Analyzing Program: Etabs2000 ver.7.21

Steel Design Check Program: Etabs2000 ver.7.2
Foundation Design Program: Safe2000
3
Earthquake Resistance Design Loading
2. General and Basic Loading Information

2.1. Dead Loads
2.1.1. Floor Dead Load
The Floor system is composite so it will contain a concrete
slab and some steel beams furthermore we should consider
materials which will be placed on the slab as mosaic and
gradient adjusting material. It is clear that the floor unit
weight will differ in roof and story floors. The typical floor
diaphragm construction details of different levels are
illustrated in fig 2.1.1.1 and 2.1.1.2.
Note that the initial concrete depth are selected approximately
and will be checked and corrected in next parts. The results of
this section are just used to estimate the mass of the building.
Mosaic 2.5cm
Mortar 2cm
Concrete Slab 10cm
False Ceiling
Fig 2.1.1.1 Stories ceiling detail
Mosaic 2.5cm
Mortar 2cm
Damp Course
Gradient 5cm
Concrete Slab 10cm
False Ceiling
Fig 2.1.1.2 Roof ceiling detail
4
According to fig 2.1.1.1 the loading of the story ceiling are

calculated in table 2.1.1.1.
Table 2.1.1.1 Calculation of story ceiling weight

Material Unit Weight (Kg/m3) Depth (cm) Weight (Kg/m2)
Mosaic 2200 2.5 55
Mortar 2100 2 42
Concrete Slab 2400 10 240
False Ceiling 50 (Kg/m2) 50
Sum (approx) 390
Table 2.1.1.2 Calculation of roof ceiling weight

Material Unit Weight (Kg/m3) Depth (cm) Weight (Kg/m2)
Mosaic 2200 2.5 55
Mortar 2100 2 42
Concrete Slab 2400 10 240
False Ceiling 50 (Kg/m2) - 50
Gradient material 600 5 30
Damp Course 15 - 15
Sum (approx) 440
According to the 519 (Iranian Loading Criteria) we can use a

distributed load equal to 150 kg/m2 as partition load.
One of the facilities of ETABS is calculating and assigning
the weight of the concrete slab and steel beams automatically
so there is no need to calculate and add the mass of the slab to
the ceiling weight.
Then the ceiling unit weight after adding partitioning and
omitting concrete slab weight will be:
Stories ceiling unit weight:

390 + 150 – 240 = 300 kg/m2
Roof ceiling unit weight:

440 – 240 = 200 kg/m2
5
2.1.2. Wall Dead Load

As mentioned in the previous section, the weight of the
partitions can be considered as distributed load on the floor
(according to the 519 code). But the weigh of the exterior
walls should be calculated and assign as distributed load on
the beams that are placed exactly under these walls.
The details of these walls are showed in fig 2.1.2.1 and
according to this detailing the weight of the wall are
calculated in table 2.1.2.1.
Sub Finishing 2cm Mortar 2cm

Plaster 1cm Brick 20cm
Fig 2.1.2.1 Illustration of external wall details
Table 2.1.2.1 calculation the weight of external walls

Material Unit Weight (Kg/m- Depth (cm) Weight (Kg/m-
3 2
) )
Finishing 1300 1 13
Sub finishing 1600 2 32
Brick 850 20 170
Mortar 2100 2 40
Frontage Stone 2800 2 86
Sum(approx) 340
6
The percent of opening in external walls is about 40% so the

calculated amount for unit weight of the wall should be
decreased by 40% to satisfy.
Table 2.1.2.2 calculation the weight of external walls

Weight Distributed Load Distributed Load
Height (m) Opening (Kg/m- (Kg/m) (Kg/m)
2
) Calculated Used
Stores 3.2 40% 315 652.8 660
Roof 0.8 0% 315 272 275
2.1.3. Stair Way Dead Load

In this building, the stair ways almost are accommodated in an
individual span, so we’ll be able to calculate and assign the weight
of the stairs on the beams of this span as a distributed load. Stair
ways details are showed in fig 2.1.3.1 and 2.1.3.2.
Fig 2.1.3.1 Stairs Side View
7
Fig 2.1.3.2 Stairs Plan
Table 2.1.3.1 shows the calculation of the weight of the stairs.
Table 2.1.3.1 Stair Weight

Material Unit Weight Depth Distributed Load
(Kg/m3) (Kg/m2)
Stair Stone 2400 .04 96
Mortar 2100 .02 42
Concrete Slab 2400 .15 360
Sub finishing 1600 .02 32
Finishing 1300 .01 13
Steel Beam 2 * 16 32
SUM 575
We’ll assign the weight of the stairs slab, as a distributed load on

the end side beams. This distributed load can be calculated as
bellow:
4.9 * 575 / 2 = 1408.75 ~ 1410 kg/m
8
2.1.4. Chiller Dead Load

As mentioned in section 1.2 a chiller weighted 22 tons is placed at
the roof level. The effect of the chiller weight will be act on the
columns around the area that chiller are placed. But after analyzing
the structure the joints of the chiller will be designed.
So the weight of the chiller will be divided between four columns

and act at the roof level.
22000 Kg / 4 = 5500 kg
2.2. Live Loads

Live loads are calculated according to the Iranian loading criteria
(519) by considering the usage of the stories.
2.2.1. Floor Live Load

Live loads of the story floors are similar because all of them have
the same usage. The parking story live load differs, but because it
is in the basement we will not consider the live load of parking.
Live load for roof is 150 Kg/m2
Live load for inhabitant buildings floors:
For rooms: 200 Kg/m2

For corridors: 500 Kg/m2
And because we are going to assign unique load for all decks so
we combine the live loads for rooms and corridors by considering
70 percent of rooms and 30 percent of corridors.
70% * 200 + 30% * 500 = 290 Kg/m2
2.2.2. Stair way Live Load

Live load for stair ways is 350 Kg/m2 and we should assign it as a
distributed load to the beams. It will be:
4.9 * 350 / 2 = 857.5 kg/m
9
2.3. Soil pressure loads

Parking is 3 meters bellow the ground level, so the soil lateral
pressure will cause an active load on the basement walls. We will
use a retaining wall to resist this pressure. The soil pressure loads
will be introduced in the specified section.
2.4. Wind load

The building will be constructed in Tehran, according to the
Iranian loading code (519) the wind properties in Tehran are
mentioned bellow:
Wind Base Speed (V): 100 km/h

Wind Base Pressure (q): 50.0 daN/m2
Building height from the base is 54.2m and because of the 3m

height underground, the expose side of building has a height of
51.2m. The wind pressure calculation will be as bellow:
10
P = Ce Cq q
C q = 1 .4
 h = 0 ~ 10m ⇒ Ce = 1.6
 h = 10 ~ 20m ⇒ C = 1.9
 e
 h = 20 ~ 30m ⇒ C e = 2.1
Ce = 
h = 30 ~ 40m ⇒ Ce = 2.2
h = 40 ~ 50m ⇒ C e = 2.3

h = 50 ~ 60m ⇒ C e = 2.4
 h = 0 ~ 10m ⇒ P = 1.6 *1.4 * 50 = 112
 h = 10 ~ 20m ⇒ P = 1.9 *1.4 * 50 = 133

 h = 20 ~ 30m ⇒ P = 2.1*1.4 * 50 = 147
⇒P=
h = 30 ~ 40m ⇒ P = 2.2 *1.4 * 50 = 154
 h = 40 ~ 50m ⇒ P = 2.3 *1.4 * 50 = 161

h = 50 ~ 60m ⇒ P = 2.4 *1.4 * 50 = 168
 h = 0 ~ 10m ⇒ Fwind = 112 *10 * 34.3 = 33936

 h = 10 ~ 20m ⇒ F
 wind = 133 *10 * 34.3 = 40299
 h = 20 ~ 30m ⇒ Fwind = 147 *10 * 34.3 = 44541

Fwind =
 h = 30 ~ 40m ⇒ Fwind = 157 *10 * 34.3 = 47571
 h = 40 ~ 50m ⇒ Fwind = 161*10 * 34.3 = 48783

h = 50 ~ 51.2m ⇒ Fwind = 168 *1.2 * 34.3 = 6108.5
The base shear of wind force will be:
VWind = 33.936+40.299+44.541+47.571+48.783+6.109=221.2 (ton)
After Calculating the Earthquake load, we should decide about the

load combination which will be used in design and analyze
procedure. Because according to the 2800 criteria, we should use
the greatest of Earthquake load or Wind load.
11
50.0 m
168Kg/m2
161Kg/m2
40.0 m
154Kg/m2
30.0 m
147Kg/m2
20.0 m
133Kg/m2
10.0 m
112Kg/m2
0.0 m
Fig 2.4.1 Wind Pressure Distribution in Height
12
50.0 m
33.9ton
74.2ton
40.0 m
118.8ton
30.0 m
166.3ton
20.0 m
215.1ton
10.0 m
221.2ton
0.0 m
Fig 2.4.1 Wind Pressure Distribution in Height

Wind force on each story according to the area of force acting (Left)
Wind force cumulative to find the story shear (Right)
13
2.5. Quake Loads

Earthquake loading will be calculated based on the 2800 Iranian
Earthquake Loading Code.
Note that we used Spectral method to calculate the earthquake loads,
but we should use the static equivalent method to calculate the correct
coefficient for spectral analysis.
2.5.1. Equivalent Static Method

In this method, we will calculate the earthquake forces depending on
some parameters as structural factor, importance coefficient, etc.
ETABS can calculate earthquake effect by this method, but in our
code an extra force (Ft) is introduced that ETABS can not consider it.
So we’ll calculate and apply these forces manually.
2.5.1.1. Structure Weight

In this section the weight of the structure are needed. By the first run
of ETABS program, all the masses are calculated automatically. Note
that in design process the weight of the structure my change because
the size of the columns and beams may change. But this does not
affect the story weight considerably. How ever we’ll check it at the
end of the design process. Please note that the stories affected by
earthquake forces are second story to 17th story and story 1 and stair
way are not included in calculation. Story 1 is under the ground and
we restrained it by retaining walls and the weight of the stairway are
less than 25 percent of the roof level weight so according to the 2800
code, we should not consider it.
Table 2.5.1.1.1 shows the weight of stories.
14
Table 2.5.1.1.1 Story Weight Calculation

Story Weight (ton)
STAIR WAY 16
STORY17 299
STORY16 382
STORY15 383
STORY14 383
STORY13 384
STORY12 387
STORY11 387
STORY10 388
STORY9 393
STORY8 399
STORY7 400
STORY6 401
STORY5 403
STORY4 405
STORY3 404
STORY2 404
STORY1 400
SUM 6603
2.5.1.2. Quake force parameters

The building is almost regular in plan and height so no special
consideration will be applied on the structure. According to the
section 7-1-2, because the height of the structure is more than 50 m
(or it has more than 15 stories) the Special Moment Resisting system
will be used so the R factor will be equal to 10.
A = 0.35 (in Tehran city)
I = 1 (Importance Factor)
R = 10 (Special Moment Resistance Frame)
T0 = 0.5 (Suppose Soil Type II)
After first analyzing by ETABS the fundamental period are calculated

2.9 sec, how ever by the formulation of 2800 we gain:
3 3
T = 0.08H 4 ⇒ T = 0.08 * (51.2) 4 = 1.53 sec
But according to the code text, we don’t need to increase the

calculated period more than 25 percent. So the period we will use is:
T = 1.25 *1.53 sec = 1.9 sec
15
And B, the reflect factor will be:

2 2
T0 3 0.5
B = 2.5( ) ≤ 2.5 ⇒ B = 2.5( ) 3 = 1.03
T 1.9
And the Earthquake Coefficient (C) is:
ABI 0.35 * 1.03 * 1

C= = = 0.0357
R 10
So the total base shear will be:
V = CW = 0.0357 * 6603 = 235.7ton

Note that the base shears in both directions are similar because the
building has the same structural system in both directions.
It is clear that we should analyze and design this structure to resist

earthquake loads, because the quake base shear (235.7 ton) is greater
than wind load (221.2).
2.5.1.3. Quake Load Calculation

The extra load in both directions will be:
Ft = 0.07TV = 0.07 * 1.9 * 235.7 = 31.35ton
Distribution of earthquake load in height is calculated in table

2.5.1.2.1.
Wi hi
Fi = (V − Ft ) n
∑W h
j =1
j j
16
Table 2.5.1.2.1 Static equilibrium earthquake forces

Weight H
Story Wihi Wihi/zigma V-Ft Fi
(ton) (m)
STORY17 299 54.2 16232.80 0.088 204.40 49.33
STORY16 382 51 19497.16 0.106 204.40 21.59
STORY15 383 47.8 18315.36 0.099 204.40 20.29
STORY14 383 44.6 17101.45 0.093 204.40 18.94
STORY13 384 41.4 15914.42 0.086 204.40 17.63
STORY12 387 38.2 14771.83 0.080 204.40 16.36
STORY11 387 35 13559.24 0.073 204.40 15.02
STORY10 388 31.8 12334.36 0.067 204.40 13.66
STORY9 393 28.6 11236.93 0.061 204.40 12.45
STORY8 399 25.4 10128.57 0.055 204.40 11.22
STORY7 400 22.2 8875.79 0.048 204.40 9.83
STORY6 401 19 7613.46 0.041 204.40 8.43
STORY5 403 15.8 6360.25 0.034 204.40 7.04
STORY4 405 12.6 5101.57 0.028 204.40 5.65
STORY3 404 9.4 3799.21 0.021 204.40 4.21
STORY2 404 6.2 2507.75 0.014 204.40 2.78
STORY1 400 3 1199.90 0.007 204.40 1.33
SUMATION 6603 184550.04
2.5.2. Spectral Analysis

Because the story height is greater that 50m so it should be analyzed
by spectral analysis method or time history method. In this project I
used spectral analyzing (Pseudo Dynamic Method). The 2800 code
spectrum is introduced to ETABS. According to the 2800 the results
of this method should be modified by comparing to the results of the
equivalent static method. This procedure applied in all different
structural systems. The calculation details will be presented in related
section. But the general modification method is mentioned here. Note
that this is a regular building so the 80% coefficient will be used.
VSTATIC ( X )
Modification Factor in X direction = 0.8 *
V Dynamic ( X )
VSTATIC (Y )
Modification Factor in Y direction = 0.8 *
V Dynamic (Y )
17
2.6. Loading Summary

Loading information is summarized in table 2.6.1.
Table 2.6.1 Loading information summary

Load Type Load Name Unit Load Description
Distributed load applied
Story floor dead load Kg m 2 300 on story floor deck
Roof floor dead load Kg m 2 200 on roof floor deck
Line Distributed load
Dead Load
wall dead load (story) Kg m 660 applied on pyramid

beams on stories
wall dead load (roof) Kg m 275 applied on pyramid
beams on roof
Stair way Dead load Kg m 1410 applied on stair beams
Point Load applied on
Chiller Dead Load Kg 5500 neighbor columns
Story floor Live load Kg m 2 290 on story floor deck
Load
Live

Roof floor Live load Kg m 2 150 on roof floor deck
Stair way Live load Kg m 857.5 applied on stair beams
Wind Wind Load Kg 221200 Base Shear Load
Quake Static Quake Load Kg 235700 Base Shear Load
18
3. Composite Beam Design

As mentioned in previous section, the ceiling system is composite.
Composite ceiling system contains two different parts; concrete slab
and steel beams. Because the deck loading in all stories and in different
structural systems (MRF, CBF and EBF) are similar, this design section
is the same for all systems and for all stories. The typical length for
composite beams is about 5 meters, but the longest span is 6 meters, so
both of these beams will be designed. These two types of beams are
showed in fig 3.1. Composite beam type B will be used in all spans but
composite beam type A will be used just in specified spans.
A B C D E F G H I J
4
3
B
2
A
1
Fig 3.1 Composite beam lengths

(A) 6 meters length critical composite beam
(B) 5 meter length typical composite beam
3.1. Composite beam type A

The greatest span for composite beams is 6 meter that is showed in fig
3.1.1.
Design procedure:
3.1.1. Steel beam selection
IPE16 selected as steel beam, the specifications are mentioned
bellow:
19
 As = 20.1cm 2

 I x = 869cm
4
 S = 109cm
3
IPE16 ⇒  x
 b f = 82mm
 t w = 7.4mm

 d = 160mm
Concrete Slab and ceiling details
100
Fig 3.1.1 Composite ceiling details
3.1.2. Effective width

L 6m 1.5m
 4  4 
be = Min = Min = Min ⇒be = 1m
S  1m  1m
  
be = Effective length
L = Beam Length
S = Span between beams
3.1.3. Loading
We will consider two kinds of loadings, Loading type 1 and loading
type 2.
Loading type I (D):
1. Beam Weight (kg/m): 15.8 kg/m
2. Concrete Slab weight
2400 * t s * loading _ width = 2400 * 0.1 *1m = 240 kg
m
3. shuttering weight: 50 kg m
20
q I = 15.8 + 240 + 50 = 305.850kg

qI l 2
M I (max) = = 1376.1kg.m
8
Loading type II (L):

1. Shuttering weight (minus) = − 50 kg m
2. Ceiling loading details contains:
a. Floor weight
b. Partitioning weight
c. False ceiling weight
=290 kg/m
3. Live load = 300 Kg/m
q II = −50 _ 290 + 300 = 540kg

q II l 2 540 * 6 2
M II (max) = = = 2430kg.m
8 8
3.1.4. Steel beam controlling

M I + M II (1376.1 + 2430) *100
needed ( S tr ) b ≥ = = 240.3
0.66 Fy 0.66 * 2400
M II
( S tr ) b ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 )( S S ) b
MI
2430
⇒ 240.3 ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 ) * 109
1376.1
⇒ 240.3 ≤ 216.5
So the IPE160 is not enough to satisfy the needed section modulus and
we should increase the beam.
Try IPE180
 As = 23.9cm 2

 I x = 1320cm
4
 S = 146cm 3
IPE180 ⇒  x
 b f = 91mm
 t w = 5.3mm

 d = 180mm
21
M I + M II (1376.1 + 2430) *100

needed ( S tr ) b ≥ = = 240.3
0.66 Fy 0.66 * 2400
M II
( S tr ) b ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 )( S S ) b
MI
2430
⇒ 240.3 ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 ) * 146
1376.1
⇒ 240.3 ≤ 287.3OK
3.1.5. Composite neutral axe calculation ( y )

bE /n
bE y y
* = AS (d + t S − y )
n 2 2
tS 100 yy
Y * = 23.9(18 + 10 − y )
9.15 2 2
5.46 y 2 = 215.1 + 239 − 23.9 y
5.46 y 2 + 23.9 y − 454.1 = 0
tW d ⇒ y = 7.2cm
3.1.6. Composite Inertial moment calculation ( I tr )

by 3
I tr = I S + AS (d + t S − y ) 2 +
3
10.9 * 7.2 3
I tr = 1320 + 23.9(18 + 10 − 7.2) 2 +
3
I tr = 13016.2cm 3
3.1.7. Modified section modulus calculation

I tr
⇒ ( Str ) t = = 1807cm3
y
I tr
⇒ ( Str ) b = = 625.8cm3
(d + t s ) − y
3.1.8. Bending Control
In steel beam:
M I + M II (1376.1 + 2430) * 100
( f S )b = ≤ Fb ⇒ = 608.2 ≤ 1584(OK )
( S tr ) b 625.8
22
In concrete:
M I + M II 1 (1376.1 + 2430) *100 1
( f c )t = * ≤ 0.45 f c′ ⇒ * ≤ 0.45 * 210
( S tr ) t n 1807 9.15
⇒ 23 ≤ 94.5(OK )
3.1.9. Shear Control

q I L 305.8 * 6 
VI = = = 917 
2 2  q I + q II 
q II L 540 * 6  ⇒ VI + V II =  l = 2537.4 Kg
V II = = = 1620  2 
2 2 
V I + V II 2537.4
fV = < Fv = 0.4 Fy ⇒ = 265.97 < 960(OK )
ht w 18 * 0.53
Note that in long beams the shear is not critical.
3.1.10. Displacement control

Displacement will be checked under two load combinations.
Total Load:
5q I L4 5q II L4 L
δ max = + <
384 E s I s 384 E s I tr 240
⇒ δ max =
(
5 305.8
100
)
* 600 4
+
(
5 540 )
100
* 600 4
384 * 2.1 *10 6 * 1320 384 * 2.1 * 10 6 *13016.2
600
⇒ δ max = 1.86 + 0.33 < ⇒ 2.19 < 2.5(OK )
240
Live Load:
5  q L L4  L
δ max =   <
384  E s I tr  360
5  (290 100 ) * 600 4  600
⇒ δ max =  <
384  2.1 *10 6 *13016.2  360
⇒ 0.179 < 1.67(OK )
3.1.11. Shear absorbers

 0.85 * 210 *100 *10
 = 89250
Vh = Min 2 ⇒ Vh = 28.68ton
23.9 * 2400
 = 28680
 2
23
According to the Table 1-a in page 43 in Iranian Steel structures design

criteria, we will use UNP80 as shear absorber. In this table, the
allowable horizontal shear force for this section is 0.73W where W is
the length of the UNP section in centimeters. We suppose 5 cm length
for each shear absorber.
0.73*W=0.73*5cm=3.65ton
The number of needed shear absorbers:

28.68
N= = 7.86 → N = 8
3.65
“N=8” is the required absorbers in half of the beam, so total number of

absorbers is 16.
3.1.12. Shear absorbers distribution

All the shear absorbers should be distributed equally along the beam.
So the space between each absorber will be:
600
S= = 37.5cm
16
3.1.13. Composite beam joints

Composite beam connections to the main structural beams are simple
connection.
 As = 23.9cm 2

 I x = 1320cm
4
 S = 146cm 3
IPE180 ⇒  x
 b f = 91mm
 t w = 5.3mm

 d = 180mm
Lc = 260 cm
Critical shear in flexible connected beams are equal to:
4 * 0.6 FyS 4 * 0.6 *146 * 2400

Vmax = = = 3234.5Kg
Lcritical 260
the length of needed angle connector:
24
Langle (max) = h − 2t f − 2wmax = 18 − 2 * .8 − 2 * 0.8 = 14.8

choose : Langle (max) = 12
3234 *1.5
Aneeded = = 5.05cm 2
0.4 Fy
5.05
⇒ t min = = 0.21cm
2 *12cm
Select Angle 80 (L80):

⇒ 2 L80 X 80 X 8, L = 12cm
3234
V 2 = 168.4 < 960 OK
fv = =
A 12 * 0.8
Calculation of needed weld

WELD A (Angle to Beam):
Opening of the angle between main beam and composite beam = 2cm
b = L − e = 8 − 2 = 6cm
d = 12cm
b2
x= = 1.5cm
2b + d
d2
S = bd + = 96.0cm 3
6
8b 3 + 6bd 2 + d 3 b4
IP = − = 720 − 54 = 666cm 4
12 2b + d
25
V d 3234 12
(L − x ) * * (8 − 1.5)
64.7
( Bending ) _ f ′( x) = 2 2 = 2 2 =
wI P w * 666 w
V 3234
( L − x )(b − x ) * (8 − 1.5) * (6 − 1.5)
2 2 71
′
( Bending ) _ f ( y ) = = =
wI P w * 666 w
V 3234
2 2 67.4
( shear ) _ f ( y ) = = =
(2b + d ) w (2 * 6 + 12) * w w
2 2 2
 64.7   71 67.4   23340.6  152.8
fr = f ′( x) + ( f ( y ) + f ′( y )) = 
2 2
 + +  =   =
 w  w w   w  w
f r ≤ 0.707 F * w
152.8
⇒ ≤ 668 ⇒ w ≥ 0..229cm
w
Choose w = 0.3cm
WELD B (Angle to column):

b = L = 8 = 8cm
d = 12cm
b2
x= = 2.2cm
2b + d
d2
S = bd + = 120cm 3
6
8b + 6bd 2 + d 3
3
b4
IP = − = 915cm 4
12 2b + d
I x = 820
V d 3234 12
(L − x ) * * (8 − 2.2)
61.5
(Tortion ) _ f ( x) = 2 2 = 2 2 =
wI P w * 915 w
V 3234
( L − x )(b − x ) * (8 − 2.2) * (8 − 2.2)
2 2 59.4
′
(Tortion ) _ f ( y ) = = =
wI P w * 915 w
26
V 3234
2 2 57.75
( shear ) _ f ( y ) = = =
(2b + d ) w (2 * 8 + 12) * w w
V d 3234 12
(L − x) * * (8 − 2.2)
68.6
( Bending ) _ f ( z ) = 2 2 = 2 2 =
wI x w * 915 w
2 2 2
 61.5   57.8 59.4   77.3 
+ ( f y + f y′ ) + f z = 
2
fr = fx 2
 + +  +  =
 w   w w   w 
2
 23493.4  153.3
=   =
 w  w
f r ≤ 0.707 F * w
153.3
⇒ ≤ 668 ⇒ w ≥ 0..229cm
w
If we consider the welding to be applied just along the angle:

V
f r = 22 d 2 + 20.25( L − x ) 2 = 32
d
322.6
⇒ ≤ 668 ⇒ w ≥ 0..48cm
w
Choose w = 0.5cm
3.2. Composite beam type B

Typical length for composite beams is 5 meter that we will do the
exact calculation for this type of beam to realize if we can decrease
the beam section or not.
Design procedure:
3.2.1. Steel beam selection
IPE16 selected as steel beam, the specifications are mentioned
bellow:
27
 As = 20.1cm 2

 I x = 869cm
4
 S = 109cm
3
IPE16 ⇒  x
 b f = 82mm
 t w = 7.4mm

 d = 160mm
3.2.2. Effective width
L 5m 1.25m
 4  4 
be = Min = Min = Min ⇒be = 1m
S  1m  1m
  
be = Effective length
L = Beam Length
S = Span between beams
3.2.3. Loading
We will consider two kinds of loadings, Loading type 1 and loading
type 2.
Loading type I (D):
4. Beam Weight (kg/m): 15.8 kg/m
5. Concrete Slab weight
2400 * t s * loading _ width = 2400 * 0.1 * 1m = 240 kg
m
6. shuttering weight: 50 kg m
q I = 15.8 + 240 + 50 = 305.850kg

q I l 2 305.8 * 5 2
M I (max) = = = 955.6kg.m
8 8
Loading type II (L):

4. Shuttering weight (minus) = − 50 kg m
5. Ceiling loading details contains:
a. Floor weight
b. Partitioning weight
c. False ceiling weight
28
=290 kg/m
6. Live load = 300 Kg/m
q II = −50 _ 290 + 300 = 540kg
q II l 2 540 * 5 2
M II (max) = = = 1687.5kg.m
8 8
3.2.4. Steel beam controlling

M I + M II (955.6 + 1687.5) *100
needed ( S tr ) b ≥ = = 166.86
0.66 Fy 0.66 * 2400
M II
( S tr ) b ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 )( S S ) b
MI
1687.5
⇒ 166.86 ≤ (1.35 + 0.35 ) *109
955.6
⇒ 166.86 ≤ 214.5(OK )
3.2.5. Composite neutral axe calculation ( y )

bE /n
bE y y
* = AS (d + t S − y )
n 2 2
tS 100 yy
Y * = 20.1(16 + 10 − y )
9.15 2 2
5.46 y = 160.8 + 201 − 20.1 y
2
5.46 y 2 + 20.1 y − 361.8 = 0

tW d ⇒ y = 3.7cm
3.2.6. Composite Inertial moment
calculation ( I tr )
by 3
I tr = I S + AS (d + t S − y ) 2 +
3
10.9 * 3.7 3
I tr = 869 + 20.1(16 + 10 − 3.7) 2 +
3
I tr = 11048.5cm 3
3.2.7. Modified section modulus calculation
29
I tr 11048
⇒ ( S tr ) t = = = 2985.9cm 3
y 3.7
I tr 11048
⇒ ( S tr ) b = = = 495.4cm 3
(d + t s ) − y (16 + 10) − 3.7
3.2.8. Bending Control
In steel beam:
M I + M II (955.6 + 1687.5) * 100
( f S )b = ≤ Fb ⇒ = 533.5 ≤ 1584(OK )
( S tr ) b 495.4
In concrete:
M I + M II 1 (955.6 + 1687.5) * 100 1
( fc )t = * ≤ 0.45 f c′ ⇒ * ≤ 0.45 * 210
( S tr ) t n 2985.9 9.15
⇒ 9.7 ≤ 94.5(OK )
3.2.9. Shear Control

q I L 305.8 * 5 
VI = = = 764.5
2 2  q + q II 
 ⇒ VI + V II =  I l = 2114.5.4 Kg
q II L 540 * 5  2 
VII = = = 1350 
2 2 
V + VII 2114.5
fV = I < Fv = 0.4 Fy ⇒ = 176.2 < 960(OK )
ht w 16 * 0.74
Note that in long beams the shear is not critical.
3.2.10. Displacement control

Displacement will be checked under two load combinations.
Total Load:
5q I L4 5q II L4 L
δ max = + <
384 E s I s 384 E s I tr 240
⇒ δ max =
(
5 305.8
100
) * 500 4
+
(
5 540
100
) * 500 4
384 * 2.1 * 10 6 * 869 384 * 2.1 * 10 6 * 11048.5
500
⇒ δ max = 1.36 + 0.19 < ⇒ 1.55 < 2.08(OK )
240
Live Load:
30
5  q L L4  L
δ max =   <
384  E s I tr  360
5  (290 100) * 500 4  600
⇒ δ max =  <
384  2.1 * 10 6 * 11048.5  360
⇒ 0.102 < 1.38(OK )
3.2.11. Shear absorbers

 0.85 * 210 * 100 * 10
 = 89250
Vh = Min  2 ⇒ Vh = 24.12ton
20.1 * 2400
 = 24120
 2
According to the Table 1-a in page 43 in Iranian Steel structures design

criteria, we will use UNP80 as shear absorber. In this table, the
allowable horizontal shear force for this section is 0.73W where W is
the length of the UNP section in centimeters. We suppose 5 cm length
for each shear absorber.
0.73*W=0.73*5cm=3.65ton
The number of needed shear absorbers:

24.12
N= = 6.6 → N = 7
3.65
“N=7” is the required absorbers in half of the beam, so total number of

absorbers is 14.
3.2.12. Shear absorbers distribution

All the shear absorbers should be distributed equally along the beam.
So the space between each absorber will be:
500
S= = 35.7cm
14
3.2.13. Composite beam joints

Composite beam connections to the main structural beams are simple
connection.
31
 As = 20.1cm 2

 I x = 869cm
4
 S = 109cm
3
IPE16 ⇒  x
 b f = 82mm
 t w = 7.4mm

 d = 160mm
Note that most of the concepts for this kind of beam are similar to
IPE180 so we can use the same specifications for these composite
beams.
⇒ 2 L80 X 80 X 8, L = 12cm
So we will use Choose w = 0.5cm
Table 3.1 shows a summary of composite beams that will be used in

this structure
Table 3.1. Composite beam summary

Shear Number Space Connectors
Beam Absorber
Section absorber of between
length Length
Type absorbers absorbers
6 meters IPE 180 UNP80 5 cm 16 37.5 cm 2 L80 X 80 X 8, L = 12cm
5 and
IPE 160 UNP80 5 cm 14 35.7 cm 2 L80 X 80 X 8, L = 12cm
less
32
Earthquake Resistance Design Diaphragm Control
4. Diaphragm Control
In this section the rigidity of diaphragms will be checked. The
main criteria to determine the rigidity of the diaphragms is to
satisfy this equation:
∆ Diaph
≤ 0.5
∆ Story
We can analyze the diaphragms as a deep beam according to the

2800. the total displacement of diaphragms consists two different
displacements: Shear Displacement and Bending Displacement.
∆ Diaph = ∆ f + ∆ S
5wL4
∆f =
384 EI
L=5m
W= distributed story earthquake load, for example if we use the
same loads calculated to the equivalent static earthquake, the
maximum load is about 50 ton that applies in story 17 and the
critical direction is X
w = 50000/1500 (building width) =33.3 kg/cm
E = Elastic modulus of concrete. ~ 0.1Es = 2.1*105

I = Inertial moment of diaphragm section
th 3 10 * 5003
I= = = 104166666cm 4
12 12
5 * 33.3 * 5004
∆f = = 0.00124cm
384 * 2.1 * 105 * 104166666
αwL2
∆S =
8 AG
α : Shape Factor = 1.5 for concrete slabs
A: Total Diaphragm Area
G: Shear Modulus of Concrete = 0.4Ec as Iranian Code
w: Distributed lateral load = 33.3kg/cm
33
Earthquake Resistance Design Diaphragm Control
1.5 * 33.3 * 5002

∆S = = 0.0037cm
8 * (10 * 500) * 0.4 * 2.1 * 105
∆ Diaph = ∆ f + ∆ S = 0.00124 + 0.0037 = 0.0050cm
Drift of 16th story= 0.002341

Î Story displacement = 0.002341*320 (Story Height) = 0.749cm
∆ Diaph 0.002341
= = 0.003 ≤ 0.5
∆ Story 0.749
This concrete slab satisfies the rigid diaphragm requirements.
34
Earthquake Resistance Design Chiller Joints Design
5. Chiller joints Design

A 22 tons chiller will be placed in the roof level. This structure will
act as a secondary system. Section 2.6 of 2800 criteria describes the
calculation procedure for lateral force of secondary systems.
According to this code, the lateral force is equal to:
FP = AB P IwP
A and I are the same parameters illustrated in loading section of this

report;
BP will be selected from table 4 in 2800 criteria. According to this

code the Bp for the machines which are joined to the structure is 1.
Wp is the weight of the secondary system.
FP = AB P IwP
FP = 0.35 * 1 * 1 * 22000
FP = 7700kq
Hole type: d+5 mm)

Screw type: friction screws and bolts (high strength)
Screw diameter: 10mm
Fv = 0.12 Fu , A325 , Fu = 8250 Kg/cm2

A = πr 2 = π * 0.5 2 = 0.785cm 2
The number of required screws by considering safety factor = 4
7700 * 4
< 8250 * 0.12
n * 0.785
⇒ n > 39.63 ~ 40
So we need 40 screws to connect chiller to the chiller base beam.
35
Earthquake Resistance Design Stair Beams Design
6. Stair beams design

6.1. Beam Design
Stairs live load = 350 kg/m2
Stairs dead load = 575 kg/m2
(
q ( Stairs ) = 575
0.81
)
+ 350 * 0.7 = 718.5 kg
m
q ( Intermediate _ Landing ) = (575 + 350 ) * 0.7 = 647.5 kg
m
647.5 * (1.5 + 1.15) + 718.5 * 2.1

⇒ qTotal = = 679kg / m
4.75
36
Earthquake Resistance Design Stair Beams Design
ql 2 680 * 4.75l 2
M = = = 1917.8 Kg .m
8 8
M 1917 * 100
S needed = = = 133cm 3
0.6 Fy 0.6 * 2400
Select IPE180:
 As = 23.9cm 2

 I x = 1320cm
4
 S = 146cm 3
IPE180 ⇒  x
 b f = 91mm
 t w = 5.3mm

 d = 180mm
6.2. Stair Connections Design

Stair beams connections to the main beams are flexible and the design
procedure is exactly similar to the composite beam connections.
ql 679 * 4.75 3225.25

V = = = Kg ⇒ Vmax = 1613Kg
2 2 2
Because the shear is less than the shear of the composite beams, we
will use the same connections for stair beams.
37
Earthquake Resistance Design Loading Combinations
7. Loading combinations
I used these combinations of loadings for design procedure according
to the Iranian steel structures design code.
Note that ETABS and other Analyzing and Designing programs such as
SAP use a combination of loads that the factor of seismic and static
loads are one because these programs use ASCI code and instead of
decreasing loads, they increase allowable tensions in members.
These new combinations are defined:

Combo Dead Load Live Load Spectra Load Factor in Spectra Load Factor in
Name Factor Factor X Direction Y Direction
DSTL1 1 0 0 0
DSTL2 1 1 0 0
DESIGN1 0.75 0.75 0.75 0
DESIGN2 0.75 0.75 0 0.75
DESIGN3 0.75 0 0.75 0
DESIGN4 0.75 0 0 0.75
38
Earthquake Resistance Design Base Plate Design
8. Base Plate Design

Because the base plates will be designed according to the column
capacity so I separate it from structural systems, because it is similar in
different structural systems. At first, the column capacity is calculated
according to the Iranian steel structures design code and then the
suitable base plate is selected and controlled.
There are just few column types in basement level and base plates for
all of them are designed here. The needed information about sections
are presented in section 8 of this part of report.
8.1. Base plate of Column 4 (450*450*25) (BP1)
Pmax = 0.6 FyA = 0.6 * 2400 * 425 = 612 *103 Kg

M max = 0.6 FyS = 0.6 * 2400 * 5706 = 8216640 Kg .cm
According to the given project properties, f c′ = 210 Kg / cm2

Then the allowable tension between steel and concrete is:
⇒ Fp = 0.7 f c′ = 150 Kg / cm 2
Base Plate dimensions selection:

Choose 85*85cm
P 612 * 103
fp = = = 84.7 < Fp = 150 OK
A 85 * 85
All the regions on the base plate will be closed so the a and b
coefficients are equal to:
Region 2:
a = 21.25 a α1 = 0.075
 ⇒ = 141 ⇒ 
b = 15  b α 2 = 0.050
 M 2 a = 0.075 * 84.7 * 152 = 1430

⇒ ⇒ M = M 2 a = 1430
M 2b = 0.050 * 84.7 * 15 = 952.875
2
6M 6 * 1430
t≥ = = 2.18cm
0.75 Fy 0.75 * 2400
39
Then we choose t=3cm
Controlling:
M = 16524 Kg.m
P = 175364 Kg
M 1652700
e= = = 9.42cm
P 17536
H P  6e  17536  6 * 9.42 
e< ⇒ fc = 1 +  = 1 + =4
6 BH  H  85 * 85  85 
fc ≤ Fp OK
The bolts should be strength enough to carry maximum shear force
applied on column. The maximum shear force for one of the columns in
building is 9420 Kg
9420
Abolt = = 9.81cm 2
.4 * 2400
But because we are not sure that this is the maximum shear force in all
of the columns, so I will use a safety factor equal to 2
Abolt = 9.81 * 2 = 19.62cm2
USE 4Φ 28, Abolt = 24.64cm 2 OK
Fig 8.1 Base plate for Col 4
40
8.2. Base Plate for Col 5 (420*420*25) (BP2)
Pmax = 0.6 FyA = 0.6 * 2400 * 395 = 568.8 *103 Kg

M max = 0.6 FyS = 0.6 * 2400 * 4911 = 7071800Kg .cm

⇒ Fp = 0.7 f c′ = 150 Kg / cm 2

Choose 85*85cm
P 568.8 *103
fp = = = 78.8 < Fp = 150 OK
A 85 * 85
Region 2:
a = 19  a  α1 = 0.055
 ⇒ = 1.086 ⇒ 
b = 17.5 b α 2 = 0.0485
M = 0.055 * 75 * 17.52 = 1265
⇒  2a ⇒ M = M 2 a = 1265
M 2b = 0.050 * 75 * 17.5 = 1102
2
Region 3:
a = 20 a
 ⇒ = 1.18 ⇒ α S = 0.117 ⇒ M 3 = 0.117 * 75 *17 = 2536
2
b = 17  b
⇒ M MAX = 2536
6M 6 * 2536
t≥ = = 2.9cm
0.75 Fy 0.75 * 2400
USE 4Φ 28, Abolt = 24.64cm2 OK
41
Fig 8.2 Base plate for column 5
42
8.3. Base plate of Col 6 (400*400*25) (BP3)
Pmax = 0.6 FyA = 0.6 * 2400 * 375 = 540 *103 Kg

M max = 0.6 FyS = 0.6 * 2400 * 4414 = 6356000 Kg .cm

⇒ Fp = 0.7 f c′ = 150 Kg / cm 2

Choose 85*85cm
P 540 * 103
fp = = = 74.8 < Fp = 150 OK
A 85 * 85
Region 2:
a = 19  a  α1 = 0.055
 ⇒ = 1.086 ⇒ 
b = 17.5 b α 2 = 0.0485
M = 0.055 * 75 * 17.52 = 1265
⇒  2a ⇒ M = M 2 a = 1265
M 2b = 0.050 * 75 *17.5 = 1102
2
Region 3:
a = 20 a
 ⇒ = 1.18 ⇒ α S = 0.117 ⇒ M 3 = 0.117 * 75 *17 = 2536
2
b = 17  b
⇒ M MAX = 2536
6M 6 * 2536
t≥ = = 2.9cm
0.75Fy 0.75 * 2400
USE 4Φ 28, Abolt = 24.64cm 2 OK
43
Fig 8.3Base plate for column 4
44
Earthquake Resistance Design Section Definition
9. Section Definition
After analyzing all the structures and designing the member sections, I
tried to classify all the sections and reduce the variety of them. All the
sections and their specifications are summarized here.
9.1. Column Sections

I used 14 different sections for columns that all of them are square
shaped. All sections and their properties are in table 8.1.
9.2. Beam Sections

Table 8.2 shows all the sections are used in this project and their
specifications.
9.3. Bracing Sections

All the bracing sections that are used in this project are illustrated in
Table 8.3.
45
Table 9.1 Column Sections

Section Moment Of Shear Section Plastic Radius of
Area Section Dimensions
Name Inertia Area Modulus Modulus Gyration
Col 1 0.0612 2.662E-3 0.0324 9.860E-3 0.0117 0.2086
Col 2 0.0475 1.791 E-3 0.025 7.165 E-3 8.469E-3 0.1942
46
Col 3 0.0455 1.575E-3 0.024 6.561E-3 7.771 E-4 0.186
Col 4 0.0425 1.284E-3 0.0225 5.706 E-3 6.781 E-3 0.1738
47
Col 5 0.0395 1.031E-3 0.021 4.911E-3 5.859E-3 0.1616
Col 6 0.0375 8.828E-4 0.02 4.414E-3 5.281E-3 0.1534
48
Col 7 0.0355 7.493 E-4 0.019 3.944 E-3 4.734 E-3 0.1453
Col 8 0.0335 6.301 E-4 0.018 3.5 E-3 4.216 E-3 0.1371
49
Col 9 0.0315 5.242E-4 0.017 3.084 E-3 3.729 E-3 0.129
Col 10 0.024 3.616 E-4 0.0128 2.26 E-3 2.704 E-3 0.1227
Col 11 0.0224 2.942 E-4 0.012 1.961 E-3 2.356 E-3 0.1146
50
Col 12 0.0208 2.357 E-4 0.0112 1.684 E-3 2.032 E-3 0.1065
Col 13 0.0192 1.856 E-4 0.0104 1.428 E-3 1.732 E-3 0.0983
Col 14 0.0176 1.431 E-4 9.600 1.193 E-3 1.456 E-3 0.0902
51
Table 9.2 Beam Sections

Moment Of Shear Section Plastic Radius of
Section Inertia Area Modulus Modulus Gyration
Area 3 Direction 3 Direction 3 Direction 3 Direction
Section Dimensions
Name 2 Direction
2 Direction 3 Direction 2 Direction 2 Direction 2 Direction
4.607E-4 6.00E-3 2.304E-3 2.654E-3 0.1641

B1 0.0171
4.010E-5 0.01 4.100E-4 6.191E-4 0.0484
4.800E-
3.357E-4 3 1.679E-3 1.909E-3 0.1651
B2 0.123
2.672E-5 6.667E- 2.672E-3 4.130E-3 0.0466
3
52
3.500E-
2.244E-4 3 1.282E-3 1.442E-3 0.1473
B3 0.0103
2.403E-5 6.000E- 2.403E-4 3.678E-4 0.0482
3
2.800E-
6.448E- 1.328E-4 3 7.590E-4 8.615E-4 1.435
B4
3 8.206E-6 3.200E- 1.026E-4 1.588E-4 0.035
3
2.130E-
8.356E-5 3 5.571E-4 6.280E-4 0.1246
B5 (IPE300) 5.38E-3
6.040E-6 2.675E- 8.053E-5 1.250E-4 0.0335
3
53
1.782E-
5.796E-5 3 4.289E-4 4.840E-4 0.1123
B6 (IPE270) 4.59E-3
4.200E-6 2.295E- 6.222E-5 9.700E-5 0.0302
3
1.488E-
3.892E-5 3 3.243E-4 3.670E-4 0.0998
B7 (IPE240) 3.91E-3
2.840E-6 1.960E- 4.733E-5 7.390E-5 0.027
3
1.120E-
1.943E-5 3 1.943E-4 2.210E-4 0.0826
B8 (IPE200) 2.85E-3
1.420E-6 1.417E- 2.840E-5 4.460E-5 0.0223
3
9.540E-
1.317E-5 4 1.463E-4 1.660E-4 0.0742
B9 (IPE180) 2.39E-3
1.010E-6 1.121E- 2.220E-5 3.460E-5 0.0203
3
8.0E-4
8.69E-6 1.086E-4 1.24E-4 0.0658
B10(IPE160) 2.01E-3 1.011E-
6.83E-7 1.666E-5 2.61E-5 0.0184
3
54
Table 9.3 Bracing Sections

Moment Of Inertia Section Modulus Radius of Gyration
Section Name Area x Direction x Direction x Direction Section Dimensions
y Direction y Direction y Direction
2700 300 6.95

Brace 1 56
2030 267 6.03
1210 172.8 5.45

Brace 2 40.8
1050 162 5.06
412 82.4 3.91

Brace 3 27
459 85 4.12
55
Part II
MRF System
Design
56
Earthquake Resistance Design MRF System Design
1. Structural Bearing System

In this part of report, the design of moment resistance structure is
presented. In moment resistance buildings the vertical loads are
transferred by columns as other buildings, the specified point about
these structures is that, in such buildings lateral loads are transferred
by solid frame joints.
According to the Iranian seismic resistance design code (2800) in
buildings contain more than 15 stories or higher than 50 meters, we
are not allowed to use ordinary moment resistance frame and we
should use “Special Moment Resistance Frame” [2800, section 2-1-7
and 2-4-7]
Treatment factor (R) for special moment resistance frames is 10 and
in such buildings some additional considerations and controls should
be applied. All these controls are applied and presented in next
sections.
Note that all the required specification for Special moment resisting
systems checked.
2. Computer Modeling
As mentioned in previous part, ETABS 7.21 is used as analyzing
tool. Structure modeled and loaded. Fig 2.1 shows a schematic view
of 3D model of structure. Just the geometry data of analytical model
and material definition part of input file for ETABS are attached in
‘Appendix A’ and other information are omitted and you can find
them on the attached Compact Disk (CD).
After analyzing we can determine the weight of the stories and thus
the quake loads can be calculated. Calculation of quake loads is
presented in next section.
57
Fig 2.1 3D view of Structural Model for MRF system
3. Exact Loading Information

All the loading information is according to the section 2 except
earthquake loads that are related to the story weights.

58
3 3
T = 0.08H 4 ⇒ T = 0.08 * (51.2) 4 = 1.53 sec
T = 1.25 * 1.53 sec = 1.9 sec
2 2
T 0.5
B = 2.5( 0 ) 3 ≤ 2.5 ⇒ B = 2.5( ) 3 = 1.03
T 1.9
ABI 0.35 *1.03 *1

C= = = 0.0357
R 10
V = CW = 0.0357 * 6760 = 241.3ton
Ft = 0.07TV = 0.07 *1.9 * 235.7 = 32.1ton
Table 3.1 Exact Static equilibrium earthquake forces for MRF structure
Weight H
(ton) (m)
STORY17 300 54.2 16238.56 0.086 209.20 50.17
STORY16 387 51 19719.84 0.105 209.20 21.95
STORY15 387 47.8 18495.72 0.098 209.20 20.58
STORY14 387 44.6 17257.51 0.092 209.20 19.21
STORY13 388 41.4 16082.08 0.086 209.20 17.90
STORY12 398 38.2 15190.20 0.081 209.20 16.91
STORY11 398 35 13934.04 0.074 209.20 15.51
STORY10 399 31.8 12674.89 0.067 209.20 14.11
STORY9 403 28.6 11519.47 0.061 209.20 12.82
STORY8 409 25.4 10394.74 0.055 209.20 11.57
STORY7 409 22.2 9085.16 0.048 209.20 10.11
STORY6 409 19 7775.59 0.041 209.20 8.65
STORY5 411 15.8 6490.91 0.035 209.20 7.22
STORY4 421 12.6 5308.42 0.028 209.20 5.91
STORY3 421 9.4 3960.25 0.021 209.20 4.41
STORY2 422 6.2 2617.84 0.014 209.20 2.91
STORY1 411 3 1232.53 0.007 209.20 1.37
SUMATION 6760 187977.74
Other Loadings are according to the section 2 of part I.
59
4. Analyzing Information
The important analyzing parameters that should be defined in
ETABS and other analyzing utilities are:
a. Frame Sections: as mentioned in PART I

b. Material Properties: set as project needs and Iranian codes
c. Loading Information: Dead and Live and Statistical
Equilibrium earthquake loads are applied on frame members.
d. Loading Combinations for analyzing are used as AICS and ACI
and also the combinations introduced in PART I
e. Response Spectrum Function introduced as 2800
f. Response Spectrum Cases introduced in both X and Y
directions and the applied parameters are listed bellow:
Damping: 0.05%
Modal Combination: CQC
Directional Combination: SRSS
Scale Factor in X direction: 0.4946
Scale Factor in Y Direction: 0.4934
(Scale factors are calculated according to PART I)
g. Mass Sources are (Dead Load + 0.2 Live Load)
h. In Analyzing parameters 9 Modes are considered and this
number of modes is enough to satisfy the code needs.
i. P-Delta Analyzing Parameters are set to Iterative Method and
maximum number of iteration cycles is limited to 10. Note that
in P-Delta analysis the used combination is: 75% of Dead Load
and 75% of Live Loads.
Fig 4.1 Response Spectrum of 2800
60
5. Analyzing Output
After analyzing the structure all the loads of beams and columns
are achievable. But first we should check some important points.
MODAL PERIODS AND FREQUENCIES
MODE PERIOD FREQUENCY CIRCULAR FREQ
NUMBER (TIME) (CYCLES/TIME) (RADIANS/TIME)
Mode 1 2.68105 0.37299 2.34355

Mode 2 2.55011 0.39214 2.46389
Mode 3 2.37347 0.42132 2.64726
Mode 4 1.00684 0.99321 6.24050
Mode 5 0.97181 1.02901 6.46546
Mode 6 0.90427 1.10587 6.94839
Mode 7 0.58972 1.69572 10.65450
Mode 8 0.57342 1.74392 10.95739
Mode 9 0.53336 1.87490 11.78035
Modal participating mass ratio is 90% and enough.

For design of each member, we can define the forces and moments
of member after analyzing. Design and control procedure will be
done according to this results of analyze.
6. Structure Design
ETABS can design the structural elements and check them
according to the AISC code. I used this feature to design the
structure, but for example the design of some members and
connections are illustrated here. Further checks of structure will be
applied in next sections.
7. Column Design
For example column F-2 is designed completely. The column force
in different combinations is:
A B C D E F G H I J
4
Fig 7.1 Column F-2 position
61
2.8500 -37395.31 881.01 -109.16 -6.615 181.298 -1069.946
LOADING COMBINATIONS
STORY15 C18 DESIGN1 MAX
0.0000 -44156.66 2694.86 283.70 34.412 429.585 4167.711
COMBO CASE SCALE 1.4250 -43995.58 2694.86 283.70 34.412 27.800 301.296
2.8500 -43834.50 2694.86 283.70 34.412 473.904 1954.394
COMBO TYPE CASE TYPE FACTOR STORY15 C18 DESIGN1 MIN
DESIGN1 ADD DEAD Static 0.7500 0.0000 -45265.18 -1273.33 -339.25 -44.223 -535.143 -1884.011
1.4250 -45104.10 -1273.33 -339.25 -44.223 -43.715 -43.901
LIVE Static 0.7500 2.8500 -44943.02 -1273.33 -339.25 -44.223 -399.789 -3729.553
SUPDEAD Static 0.7500 STORY15 C18 DESIGN2 MAX
SPECX Spectra 0.7500 0.0000 -44302.42 977.48 2089.87 3.827 3212.252 1548.974
1.4250 -44141.33 977.48 2089.87 3.827 193.807 152.178
DESIGN2 ADD DEAD Static 0.7500 2.8500 -43980.25 977.48 2089.87 3.827 3037.843 -505.716
STORY15 C18 DESIGN2 MIN
LIVE Static 0.7500 0.0000 -45119.43 444.05 -2145.42 -13.638 -3317.810 734.726
SUPDEAD Static 0.7500 1.4250 -44958.34 444.05 -2145.42 -13.638 -209.722 105.217
2.8500 -44797.26 444.05 -2145.42 -13.638 -2963.728 -1269.443
SPECY Spectra 0.7500
DESIGN3 ADD DEAD Static 0.7500 0.0000 -30815.70 2462.66 347.53 36.058 534.476 3793.379
SUPDEAD Static 0.7500 1.4250 -30654.62 2462.66 347.53 36.058 39.873 257.728
2.8500 -30493.54 2462.66 347.53 36.058 392.865 2242.646
SPECX Spectra 0.7500 STORY15 C18 DESIGN3 MIN
0.0000 -31924.22 -1505.53 -275.42 -42.577 -430.251 -2258.342
DESIGN4 ADD DEAD Static 0.7500 1.4250 -31763.14 -1505.53 -275.42 -42.577 -31.642 -87.469
SUPDEAD Static 0.7500 2.8500 -31602.06 -1505.53 -275.42 -42.577 -480.827 -3441.301
SPECY Spectra 0.7500 STORY15 C18 DESIGN4 MAX

0.0000 -30961.46 745.28 2153.69 5.473 3317.143 1174.643
DSTL1 ADD DEAD Static 1.0000 1.4250 -30800.38 745.28 2153.69 5.473 205.880 108.610
SUPDEAD Static 1.0000 2.8500 -30639.29 745.28 2153.69 5.473 2956.804 -217.464
DSTL2 ADD DEAD Static 1.0000 0.0000 -31778.47 211.85 -2081.59 -11.992 -3212.918 360.395
1.4250 -31617.39 211.85 -2081.59 -11.992 -197.649 61.649
LIVE Static 1.0000 2.8500 -31456.30 211.85 -2081.59 -11.992 -3044.767 -981.191
SUPDEAD Static 1.0000
STORY15 C18 DSTL1
0.0000 -41826.62 638.08 48.07 -4.346 69.483 1023.359
C O L U M N F O R C E S (For Column F-2)
1.4250 -41611.84 638.08 48.07 -4.346 5.488 113.506
2.8500 -41397.07 638.08 48.07 -4.346 -58.641 -799.103
STORY COLUMN LOAD LOC P V2 V3 T M2 M3
STORY15 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -59614.56 947.69 -37.03 -6.541 -70.372 1522.467
0.0000 -12008.71 1684.33 255.50 19.846 322.051 2596.829 1.4250 -59399.78 947.69 -37.03 -6.541 -10.610 171.597
1.4800 -11841.42 1684.33 255.50 19.846 -54.962 90.633
2.8500 -59185.01 947.69 -37.03 -6.541 49.410 -1183.439
2.9600 -11674.12 1684.33 255.50 19.846 -46.930 -289.911
0.0000 -12142.35 82.55 -52.44 -30.232 -209.656 -77.238
0.0000 -60199.21 2872.12 312.81 41.922 488.151 4530.791
1.4800 -11975.05 82.55 -52.44 -30.232 -131.484 -187.484
1.4250 -60038.13 2872.12 312.81 41.922 39.474 364.449
2.9600 -11807.75 82.55 -52.44 -30.232 -437.049 -2422.703
2.8500 -59877.05 2872.12 312.81 41.922 509.725 2382.878
0.0000 -62067.18 -1683.49 -362.10 -51.217 -587.954 -2757.187
0.0000 -11976.97 995.46 1031.97 1.800 1620.716 1448.626 1.4250 -61906.10 -1683.49 -362.10 -51.217 -55.148 -288.502
1.4800 -11809.68 995.46 1031.97 1.800 78.871 -26.964
2.8500 -61745.02 -1683.49 -362.10 -51.217 -440.751 -4007.120
2.9600 -11642.38 995.46 1031.97 1.800 985.754 -1208.921
0.0000 -12174.09 771.42 -828.91 -12.186 -1508.322 1070.964 0.0000 -60648.83 900.25 2325.90 5.309 3730.375 1375.661
1.4800 -12006.79 771.42 -828.91 -12.186 -265.317 -69.887
1.4250 -60487.75 900.25 2325.90 5.309 335.245 81.241
2.9600 -11839.49 771.42 -828.91 -12.186 -1469.733 -1503.694 2.8500 -60326.67 900.25 2325.90 5.309 3320.162 -382.102
STORY17 C18 DESIGN3 MAX 0.0000 -61617.56 288.38 -2375.18 -14.604 -3830.178 397.942
0.0000 -9224.47 1444.52 280.48 21.510 388.577 2222.010
1.4250 -61456.48 288.38 -2375.18 -14.604 -350.920 -5.294
1.4800 -9057.17 1444.52 280.48 21.510 -25.731 70.756
2.8500 -61295.39 288.38 -2375.18 -14.604 -3251.189 -1242.140
2.9600 -8889.87 1444.52 280.48 21.510 -55.201 45.292
0.0000 -9358.10 -157.27 -27.45 -28.567 -143.129 -452.057 0.0000 -41547.32 2675.71 364.46 43.477 569.503 4238.648
1.4800 -9190.80 -157.27 -27.45 -28.567 -102.254 -207.362
1.4250 -41386.24 2675.71 364.46 43.477 44.671 352.577
2.9600 -9023.50 -157.27 -27.45 -28.567 -445.320 -2087.500
2.8500 -41225.15 2675.71 364.46 43.477 438.594 2651.673
STORY17 C18 DESIGN4 MAX 0.0000 -43415.29 -1879.90 -310.45 -49.662 -506.602 -3049.330
0.0000 -9192.73 755.65 1056.96 3.465 1687.243 1073.808
1.4250 -43254.21 -1879.90 -310.45 -49.662 -49.951 -300.374
1.4800 -9025.43 755.65 1056.96 3.465 108.101 -46.841 2.8500 -43093.13 -1879.90 -310.45 -49.662 -511.881 -3738.325
2.9600 -8858.13 755.65 1056.96 3.465 977.483 -873.718
STORY17 C18 DESIGN4 MIN STORY14 C18 DESIGN4 MAX
0.0000 -9389.84 531.61 -803.92 -10.521 -1441.795 696.146
0.0000 -41996.94 703.84 2377.55 6.864 3811.727 1083.519
1.4800 -9222.54 531.61 -803.92 -10.521 -236.086 -89.765 1.4250 -41835.86 703.84 2377.55 6.864 340.442 69.369
2.9600 -9055.24 531.61 -803.92 -10.521 -1478.004 -1168.490
2.8500 -41674.78 703.84 2377.55 6.864 3249.032 -113.307
STORY17 C18 DSTL1
0.0000 -42965.67 91.97 -2323.54 -13.049 -3748.826 105.800
0.0000 -12388.38 858.17 168.69 -4.704 163.632 1179.969
1.4250 -42804.58 91.97 -2323.54 -13.049 -345.723 -17.166
1.4800 -12165.31 858.17 168.69 -4.704 -85.323 -91.071 2.8500 -42643.50 91.97 -2323.54 -13.049 -3322.319 -973.345
2.9600 -11942.25 858.17 168.69 -4.704 -333.681 -1361.472
STORY14 C18 DSTL1
STORY17 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -56641.74 530.54 36.01 -4.123 41.934 792.879
0.0000 -16100.71 1177.92 135.38 -6.924 74.930 1679.727 1.4250 -56426.96 530.54 36.01 -4.123 -3.520 34.802
1.4800 -15877.64 1177.92 135.38 -6.924 -124.297 -64.567
2.8500 -56212.19 530.54 36.01 -4.123 -48.858 -724.435
2.9600 -15654.58 1177.92 135.38 -6.924 -322.653 -1808.410
STORY14 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -28095.80 2120.20 153.28 25.117 242.723 3164.794
1.4250 -81296.15 792.42 -32.85 -6.196 -10.450 50.632
1.4250 -27934.72 2120.20 153.28 25.117 40.703 241.847 2.8500 -81081.38 792.42 -32.85 -6.196 45.982 -1082.827
2.8500 -27773.64 2120.20 153.28 25.117 474.502 1377.245
0.0000 -28641.49 -798.68 -317.03 -35.040 -451.504 -998.962
0.0000 -76181.12 3741.19 403.45 73.118 675.090 6611.938
1.4250 -28480.40 -798.68 -317.03 -35.040 -8.876 40.784
1.4250 -75979.76 3741.19 403.45 73.118 86.662 1160.517
2.8500 -28319.32 -798.68 -317.03 -35.040 -202.556 -2982.164
2.8500 -75778.41 3741.19 403.45 73.118 518.736 2222.306
0.0000 -28103.18 857.36 1452.06 2.366 2123.426 1364.761
1.4250 -78665.22 -2090.09 -629.60 -88.749 -423.387 -1035.023
1.4250 -27942.10 857.36 1452.06 2.366 119.664 154.797 2.8500 -78463.87 -2090.09 -629.60 -88.749 -517.911 -4458.359
2.8500 -27781.02 857.36 1452.06 2.366 2393.470 -510.038
0.0000 -28634.11 464.16 -1615.81 -12.289 -2332.207 801.071
0.0000 -76933.34 1219.30 3295.00 10.702 6430.509 1965.248
1.4250 -28473.03 464.16 -1615.81 -12.289 -87.837 127.833 1.4250 -76731.99 1219.30 3295.00 10.702 1597.796 208.495
2.8500 -28311.95 464.16 -1615.81 -12.289 -2121.524 -1094.882
2.8500 -76530.63 1219.30 3295.00 10.702 3344.147 -664.708
0.0000 -78114.36 431.81 -3521.15 -26.332 -7097.507 519.071
0.0000 -20032.10 1893.38 231.26 26.777 359.821 2801.568 1.4250 -77913.00 431.81 -3521.15 -26.332 -1934.522 -83.001
1.4250 -19871.02 1893.38 231.26 26.777 45.416 201.787
2.8500 -77711.65 431.81 -3521.15 -26.332 -3343.322 -1571.345
2.8500 -19709.94 1893.38 231.26 26.777 366.758 1660.967
0.0000 -20577.79 -1025.51 -239.04 -33.380 -334.406 -1362.188
0.0000 -52265.60 3469.50 519.46 75.612 930.861 6207.217
1.4250 -20416.70 -1025.51 -239.04 -33.380 -4.163 0.723 1.4250 -52064.25 3469.50 519.46 75.612 176.164 1143.768
2.8500 -20255.62 -1025.51 -239.04 -33.380 -310.301 -2698.442
2.8500 -51862.90 3469.50 519.46 75.612 440.035 2593.893
0.0000 -54951.06 -2361.78 -513.59 -86.255 -1086.316 -4532.341
0.0000 -20039.48 630.54 1530.05 4.026 2240.524 1001.535 1.4250 -54749.71 -2361.78 -513.59 -86.255 -333.885 -1051.772
1.4250 -19878.40 630.54 1530.05 4.026 124.377 114.737
2.8500 -54548.36 -2361.78 -513.59 -86.255 -596.613 -4086.772
2.8500 -19717.32 630.54 1530.05 4.026 2285.725 -226.316
0.0000 -20570.41 237.33 -1537.82 -10.629 -2215.109 437.845 0.0000 -53017.82 947.61 3411.01 13.195 6686.280 1560.526
1.4250 -20409.33 237.33 -1537.82 -10.629 -83.124 87.773
1.4250 -52816.47 947.61 3411.01 13.195 1687.299 191.746
2.8500 -20248.25 237.33 -1537.82 -10.629 -2229.268 -811.159 2.8500 -52615.12 947.61 3411.01 13.195 3265.445 -293.121
STORY16 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -54198.84 160.12 -3405.14 -23.838 -6841.735 114.350
0.0000 -27073.26 578.58 -5.18 -4.402 16.943 959.586
1.4250 -53997.49 160.12 -3405.14 -23.838 -1845.019 -99.750
1.4250 -26858.48 578.58 -5.18 -4.402 27.502 135.007
2.8500 -53796.14 160.12 -3405.14 -23.838 -3422.023 -1199.758
2.8500 -26643.71 578.58 -5.18 -4.402 37.638 -691.650
STORY13 C18 DSTL1
STORY16 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -71477.78 738.49 3.92 -7.095 -103.637 1116.584
0.0000 -37824.86 881.01 -109.16 -6.615 -139.187 1443.888
1.4250 -71209.31 738.49 3.92 -7.095 -105.147 61.331
1.4250 -37610.08 881.01 -109.16 -6.615 21.218 188.420 2.8500 -70940.84 738.49 3.92 -7.095 -104.385 -995.252
62
STORY10 C18 DSTL1
STORY13 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -115544.96 508.15 -8.25 -4.719 -38.412 743.577
0.0000 -103365.13 1100.74 -150.76 -10.420 -444.665 1656.213 1.4000 -115281.20 508.15 -8.25 -4.719 -22.157 28.293
1.4250 -103096.66 1100.74 -150.76 -10.420 -224.483 83.663 2.8000 -115017.44 508.15 -8.25 -4.719 -5.156 -687.953
2.8500 -102828.19 1100.74 -150.76 -10.420 0.550 -1490.702
STORY10 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -91614.32 4055.31 488.44 71.318 806.585 6633.617 1.4000 -166870.55 759.27 -146.03 -6.923 -39.062 41.468
1.4000 -91416.50 4055.31 488.44 71.318 106.013 842.192 2.8000 -166606.79 759.27 -146.03 -6.923 173.405 -1028.505
2.8000 -91218.68 4055.31 488.44 71.318 1000.901 3504.871
0.0000 -94953.72 -2644.44 -787.96 -84.476 -1271.608 -4352.645 0.0000 -138904.54 5245.12 728.43 175.600 1141.337 9658.323
1.4000 -94755.90 -2644.44 -787.96 -84.476 -143.893 -540.917 1.4000 -138595.45 5245.12 728.43 175.600 106.171 2096.640
2.8000 -94558.08 -2644.44 -787.96 -84.476 -610.684 -5190.864 2.8000 -138286.35 5245.12 728.43 175.600 1250.965 3477.732
0.0000 -92413.73 1163.27 3966.63 13.107 6510.068 1889.276 1.4000 -144160.44 -3588.60 -946.98 -196.275 -150.290 -1964.414
1.4000 -92215.91 1163.27 3966.63 13.107 809.451 241.938 2.8000 -143851.35 -3588.60 -946.98 -196.275 -980.389 -5674.724
2.8000 -92018.09 1163.27 3966.63 13.107 5405.523 -247.044
0.0000 -94154.30 247.60 -4266.15 -26.265 -6975.091 391.696 0.0000 -140191.03 1454.71 5450.29 34.276 8610.008 2416.822
1.4000 -93956.48 247.60 -4266.15 -26.265 -847.331 59.337 1.4000 -139881.93 1454.71 5450.29 34.276 847.331 344.434
2.8000 -93758.66 247.60 -4266.15 -26.265 -5015.306 -1438.949 2.8000 -139572.84 1454.71 5450.29 34.276 7575.982 -443.770
0.0000 -62845.28 3823.93 625.69 73.295 1020.322 6260.088 1.4000 -142873.95 201.80 -5668.83 -54.951 -891.450 -212.208
1.4000 -62647.46 3823.93 625.69 73.295 126.738 793.175 2.8000 -142564.86 201.80 -5668.83 -54.951 -7305.405 -1753.222
2.8000 -62449.64 3823.93 625.69 73.295 828.093 3781.597
0.0000 -66184.68 -2875.81 -650.71 -82.500 -1057.870 -4726.174 0.0000 -95225.10 4970.63 859.67 178.920 1339.233 9253.285
1.4000 -65986.86 -2875.81 -650.71 -82.500 -123.168 -589.935 1.4000 -94916.00 4970.63 859.67 178.920 119.254 2077.189
2.8000 -65789.04 -2875.81 -650.71 -82.500 -783.493 -4914.139 2.8000 -94606.91 4970.63 859.67 178.920 1079.030 3844.173
0.0000 -63644.70 931.90 4103.88 15.083 6723.806 1515.747 1.4000 -100481.00 -3863.10 -815.75 -192.956 -137.207 -1983.865
1.4000 -63446.88 931.90 4103.88 15.083 830.176 192.921 2.8000 -100171.90 -3863.10 -815.75 -192.956 -1152.324 -5308.283
2.8000 -63249.06 931.90 4103.88 15.083 5232.714 29.682
0.0000 -65385.27 16.22 -4128.90 -24.288 -6761.354 18.167 0.0000 -96511.58 1180.22 5581.52 37.595 8807.904 2011.784
1.4000 -65187.45 16.22 -4128.90 -24.288 -826.606 10.319 1.4000 -96202.49 1180.22 5581.52 37.595 860.414 324.983
2.8000 -64989.63 16.22 -4128.90 -24.288 -5188.114 -1162.224 2.8000 -95893.40 1180.22 5581.52 37.595 7404.046 -77.330
STORY12 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -99503.60 -72.69 -5537.60 -51.631 -8770.235 -362.488
0.0000 -86019.98 632.08 -16.68 -6.137 -25.032 1022.610 1.4000 -99194.51 -72.69 -5537.60 -51.631 -878.367 -231.659
1.4000 -85756.22 632.08 -16.68 -6.137 2.380 135.493 2.8000 -98885.42 -72.69 -5537.60 -51.631 -7477.340 -1386.781
2.8000 -85492.46 632.08 -16.68 -6.137 29.734 -755.028
STORY9 C18 DSTL1
STORY12 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -130676.79 738.35 29.28 -9.358 25.113 1099.530
0.0000 -124378.69 940.58 -199.68 -8.772 -310.015 1520.648 1.4000 -130264.67 738.35 29.28 -9.358 -11.968 62.216
1.4000 -124114.93 940.58 -199.68 -8.772 -25.253 200.850 2.8000 -129852.54 738.35 29.28 -9.358 -48.863 -976.074
2.8000 -123851.17 940.58 -199.68 -8.772 260.145 -1123.995
STORY9 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -107194.99 4258.87 480.15 72.952 799.729 6998.172 1.4000 -188503.93 1104.35 -145.69 -13.783 -29.412 88.151
1.4000 -106997.17 4258.87 480.15 72.952 104.802 847.846 2.8000 -188091.80 1104.35 -145.69 -13.783 180.385 -1464.661
2.8000 -106799.35 4258.87 480.15 72.952 1058.222 3775.780
0.0000 -111200.22 -2819.99 -832.21 -85.271 -1356.303 -4665.830 0.0000 -154830.31 5176.52 725.26 178.898 1187.881 8756.321
1.4000 -111002.40 -2819.99 -832.21 -85.271 -156.896 -534.266 1.4000 -154521.22 5176.52 725.26 178.898 152.403 1370.334
2.8000 -110804.58 -2819.99 -832.21 -85.271 -604.301 -5490.185 2.8000 -154212.12 5176.52 725.26 178.898 1131.787 4796.809
0.0000 -108090.02 1203.73 4190.70 14.210 6895.344 1963.714 1.4000 -161110.42 -3785.07 -876.74 -196.926 -185.428 -1039.918
1.4000 -107892.20 1203.73 4190.70 14.210 824.330 249.303 2.8000 -160801.33 -3785.07 -876.74 -196.926 -943.973 -6426.343
2.8000 -107694.38 1203.73 4190.70 14.210 5798.584 -223.001
0.0000 -110305.19 235.16 -4542.77 -26.529 -7451.918 368.628 0.0000 -156347.68 1317.77 5425.16 35.509 8880.945 2203.382
1.4000 -110107.37 235.16 -4542.77 -26.529 -876.423 64.277 1.4000 -156038.59 1317.77 5425.16 35.509 1118.757 331.249
2.8000 -109909.55 235.16 -4542.77 -26.529 -5344.664 -1491.404 2.8000 -155729.49 1317.77 5425.16 35.509 7268.637 -41.198
0.0000 -73512.91 4021.71 622.96 74.872 1024.734 6614.233 1.4000 -159593.05 73.68 -5576.65 -53.537 -1151.782 -0.833
1.4000 -73315.09 4021.71 622.96 74.872 128.355 796.518 2.8000 -159283.96 73.68 -5576.65 -53.537 -7080.823 -1588.336
2.8000 -73117.27 4021.71 622.96 74.872 879.630 4058.573
0.0000 -77518.13 -3057.15 -689.40 -83.351 -1131.299 -5049.770 0.0000 -106145.82 4945.95 824.65 181.778 1346.701 8378.247
1.4000 -77320.31 -3057.15 -689.40 -83.351 -133.343 -585.594 1.4000 -105836.73 4945.95 824.65 181.778 171.050 1316.079
2.8000 -77122.49 -3057.15 -689.40 -83.351 -782.893 -5207.392 2.8000 -105527.63 4945.95 824.65 181.778 1009.935 5067.321
0.0000 -74407.93 966.57 4333.51 16.130 7120.348 1579.774 1.4000 -112425.93 -4015.65 -777.35 -194.046 -166.781 -1094.173
1.4000 -74210.11 966.57 4333.51 16.130 847.882 197.975 2.8000 -112116.84 -4015.65 -777.35 -194.046 -1065.824 -6155.831
2.8000 -74012.29 966.57 4333.51 16.130 5619.992 59.792
0.0000 -76623.10 -2.01 -4399.95 -24.609 -7226.913 -15.311 0.0000 -107663.19 1087.19 5524.56 38.389 9039.766 1825.308
1.4000 -76425.28 -2.01 -4399.95 -24.609 -852.870 12.949 1.4000 -107354.10 1087.19 5524.56 38.389 1137.404 276.994
2.8000 -76227.46 -2.01 -4399.95 -24.609 -5523.255 -1208.611 2.8000 -107045.00 1087.19 5524.56 38.389 7146.786 229.314
STORY11 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -111217.66 -156.89 -5477.25 -50.657 -8975.412 -296.862
0.0000 -100687.36 643.04 -44.29 -5.653 -71.044 1042.975 1.4000 -110908.56 -156.89 -5477.25 -50.657 -1133.135 -55.088
1.4000 -100423.60 643.04 -44.29 -5.653 -3.325 140.616 2.8000 -110599.47 -156.89 -5477.25 -50.657 -7202.674 -1317.824
2.8000 -100159.84 643.04 -44.29 -5.653 64.491 -765.879
STORY8 C18 DSTL1
STORY11 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -145920.56 620.20 31.54 -8.179 42.902 1018.964
0.0000 -145596.81 959.26 -234.71 -8.213 -371.049 1554.895 1.4000 -145508.44 620.20 31.54 -8.179 2.846 147.937
1.4000 -145333.05 959.26 -234.71 -8.213 -34.729 209.053 2.8000 -145096.31 620.20 31.54 -8.179 -37.259 -725.674
2.8000 -145069.29 959.26 -234.71 -8.213 302.614 -1142.937
STORY8 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -122970.60 4239.66 547.10 78.728 866.188 6976.620 1.4000 -210421.09 927.64 -100.99 -12.019 -22.017 220.278
1.4000 -122772.78 4239.66 547.10 78.728 71.797 797.270 2.8000 -210008.97 927.64 -100.99 -12.019 125.209 -1086.356
2.8000 -122574.96 4239.66 547.10 78.728 1005.173 4021.387
0.0000 -127730.86 -3100.76 -766.14 -89.113 -1241.505 -5311.573 0.0000 -170870.19 5451.37 817.47 185.230 1347.062 9005.578
1.4000 -127533.04 -3100.76 -766.14 -89.113 -130.390 -735.068 1.4000 -170561.09 5451.37 817.47 185.230 171.922 1211.365
2.8000 -127335.22 -3100.76 -766.14 -89.113 -745.066 -5564.145 2.8000 -170252.00 5451.37 817.47 185.230 1147.190 5297.702
0.0000 -124093.98 1068.81 4344.04 16.236 6984.907 1663.310 1.4000 -178292.26 -4006.32 -885.66 -201.160 -186.225 -893.176
1.4000 -123896.16 1068.81 4344.04 16.236 656.951 129.050 2.8000 -177983.17 -4006.32 -885.66 -201.160 -1057.747 -7014.789
2.8000 -123698.34 1068.81 4344.04 16.236 6062.751 -113.258
0.0000 -126607.48 70.10 -4563.08 -26.621 -7360.224 1.738 0.0000 -172741.35 1381.17 5825.91 37.997 9629.013 2268.343
1.4000 -126409.66 70.10 -4563.08 -26.621 -715.545 -66.848 1.4000 -172432.26 1381.17 5825.91 37.997 1245.148 304.196
2.8000 -126211.84 70.10 -4563.08 -26.621 -5802.643 -1429.499 2.8000 -172123.16 1381.17 5825.91 37.997 7650.227 -6.562
0.0000 -84278.59 4051.32 650.44 80.381 1025.038 6701.779 1.4000 -176421.10 63.88 -5894.10 -53.928 -1259.451 13.994
1.4000 -84080.77 4051.32 650.44 80.381 84.476 787.389 2.8000 -176112.00 63.88 -5894.10 -53.928 -7560.783 -1710.526
2.8000 -83882.95 4051.32 650.44 80.381 871.252 4276.801
0.0000 -89038.85 -3289.10 -662.81 -87.460 -1082.656 -5586.414 0.0000 -117105.88 5211.79 898.02 187.771 1473.817 8616.681
1.4000 -88841.03 -3289.10 -662.81 -87.460 -117.711 -744.950 1.4000 -116796.78 5211.79 898.02 187.771 184.886 1158.903
2.8000 -88643.21 -3289.10 -662.81 -87.460 -878.987 -5308.731 2.8000 -116487.69 5211.79 898.02 187.771 1046.113 5582.688
0.0000 -85401.98 880.47 4447.38 17.890 7143.757 1388.469 1.4000 -124527.95 -4245.90 -805.11 -198.619 -173.261 -945.638
1.4000 -85204.16 880.47 4447.38 17.890 669.630 119.168 2.8000 -124218.86 -4245.90 -805.11 -198.619 -1158.824 -6729.804
2.8000 -85006.34 880.47 4447.38 17.890 5928.830 142.156
0.0000 -87915.47 -118.25 -4459.75 -24.968 -7201.374 -273.104 0.0000 -118977.04 1141.58 5906.46 40.538 9755.768 1879.446
1.4000 -87717.65 -118.25 -4459.75 -24.968 -702.866 -76.730 1.4000 -118667.94 1141.58 5906.46 40.538 1258.112 251.734
2.8000 -87519.83 -118.25 -4459.75 -24.968 -5936.564 -1174.085 2.8000 -118358.85 1141.58 5906.46 40.538 7549.150 278.424
63
0.0000 -122965.88 -175.70 -5813.55 -51.386 -9620.031 -309.916 0.0000 -153949.98 1209.94 6726.14 53.167 11563.112 2042.291
1.4000 -122656.79 -175.70 -5813.55 -51.386 -1246.487 -38.469 1.4000 -153599.67 1209.94 6726.14 53.167 1809.342 307.184
2.8000 -122347.69 -175.70 -5813.55 -51.386 -7661.860 -1425.540 2.8000 -153249.37 1209.94 6726.14 53.167 8071.120 352.335
STORY7 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -158853.06 -262.13 -6595.42 -63.806 -11349.958 -485.834
0.0000 -161295.28 643.92 61.94 -7.232 90.491 1046.353 1.4000 -158502.76 -262.13 -6595.42 -63.806 -1774.411 -80.332
1.4000 -160883.15 643.92 61.94 -7.232 7.750 142.177 2.8000 -158152.45 -262.13 -6595.42 -63.806 -8215.011 -1458.981
2.8000 -160471.03 643.92 61.94 -7.232 -75.141 -764.744
STORY4 C18 DSTL1
STORY7 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -208535.36 631.87 87.15 -7.092 142.102 1037.638
0.0000 -232981.03 963.37 -45.46 -10.620 -78.515 1564.883 1.4000 -208068.29 631.87 87.15 -7.092 23.287 151.234
1.4000 -232568.90 963.37 -45.46 -10.620 -9.535 212.126 2.8000 -207601.21 631.87 87.15 -7.092 -95.927 -737.764
2.8000 -232156.78 963.37 -45.46 -10.620 59.629 -1144.725
STORY4 C18 DSTL2
STORY6 C18 DESIGN1 MAX 0.0000 -300935.80 940.53 21.17 -10.322 50.845 1545.548
0.0000 -186994.00 5570.70 858.57 187.775 1448.279 9398.301 1.4000 -300468.72 940.53 21.17 -10.322 25.474 226.026
1.4000 -186684.90 5570.70 858.57 187.775 205.818 1351.241 2.8000 -300001.65 940.53 21.17 -10.322 -0.334 -1097.374
2.8000 -186375.81 5570.70 858.57 187.775 1091.457 5386.054
0.0000 -196041.13 -4256.99 -863.62 -201.467 -1472.836 -7341.613 0.0000 -235968.28 6322.60 1082.98 223.521 1859.300 10633.439
1.4000 -195732.03 -4256.99 -863.62 -201.467 -215.681 -1140.337 1.4000 -235617.98 6322.60 1082.98 223.521 285.807 1426.093
2.8000 -195422.94 -4256.99 -863.62 -201.467 -1086.417 -7025.397 2.8000 -235267.67 6322.60 1082.98 223.521 1110.985 6256.524
0.0000 -189368.16 1333.06 5963.38 39.941 10125.436 2183.274 1.4000 -249970.95 -4934.31 -913.44 -235.543 -249.680 -1131.797
1.4000 -189059.07 1333.06 5963.38 39.941 1478.521 276.677 2.8000 -249620.65 -4934.31 -913.44 -235.543 -1307.323 -7914.483
2.8000 -188749.97 1333.06 5963.38 39.941 7544.310 30.665
0.0000 -193666.97 -19.35 -5968.44 -53.633 -10149.993 -126.586 0.0000 -240611.07 1460.68 7027.25 57.244 12174.167 2434.293
1.4000 -193357.87 -19.35 -5968.44 -53.633 -1488.385 -65.773 1.4000 -240260.76 1460.68 7027.25 57.244 1921.798 341.835
2.8000 -193048.78 -19.35 -5968.44 -53.633 -7539.271 -1670.009 2.8000 -239910.46 1460.68 7027.25 57.244 8276.787 118.125
0.0000 -128074.50 5352.49 914.22 189.952 1532.270 9056.577 1.4000 -245328.17 -72.39 -6857.71 -69.266 -1885.671 -47.539
1.4000 -127765.40 5352.49 914.22 189.952 210.851 1316.123 2.8000 -244977.86 -72.39 -6857.71 -69.266 -8473.126 -1776.084
2.8000 -127456.31 5352.49 914.22 189.952 1017.425 5658.285
0.0000 -137121.63 -4475.20 -807.97 -199.291 -1388.846 -7683.336 0.0000 -161386.23 6095.34 1093.28 225.384 1870.477 10266.611
1.4000 -136812.53 -4475.20 -807.97 -199.291 -210.649 -1175.454 1.4000 -161035.92 6095.34 1093.28 225.384 281.884 1378.023
2.8000 -136503.44 -4475.20 -807.97 -199.291 -1160.450 -6753.166 2.8000 -160685.62 6095.34 1093.28 225.384 1092.035 6528.100
0.0000 -130448.66 1114.85 6019.03 42.117 10209.427 1841.551 1.4000 -175388.90 -5161.57 -903.14 -233.680 -253.602 -1179.867
1.4000 -130139.57 1114.85 6019.03 42.117 1483.554 241.560 2.8000 -175038.59 -5161.57 -903.14 -233.680 -1326.273 -7642.907
2.8000 -129830.47 1114.85 6019.03 42.117 7470.278 302.897
0.0000 -134747.46 -237.56 -5912.79 -51.457 -10066.003 -468.310 0.0000 -166029.02 1233.42 7037.55 59.107 12185.344 2067.465
1.4000 -134438.37 -237.56 -5912.79 -51.457 -1483.352 -100.891 1.4000 -165678.71 1233.42 7037.55 59.107 1917.875 293.766
2.8000 -134129.28 -237.56 -5912.79 -51.457 -7613.303 -1397.778 2.8000 -165328.40 1233.42 7037.55 59.107 8257.838 389.701
STORY6 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -171096.42 -299.65 -6847.41 -67.402 -11895.065 -560.007
0.0000 -176797.42 584.86 70.83 -6.226 95.616 915.494 1.4000 -170746.11 -299.65 -6847.41 -67.402 -1889.593 -95.609
1.4000 -176385.29 584.86 70.83 -6.226 0.135 93.779 2.8000 -170395.81 -299.65 -6847.41 -67.402 -8492.075 -1504.508
2.8000 -175973.17 584.86 70.83 -6.226 -95.350 -729.920
STORY3 C18 DSTL1
STORY6 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -224750.29 622.51 126.76 -5.530 193.519 1004.972
0.0000 -255356.75 875.81 -3.37 -9.128 -16.372 1371.125 1.4000 -224283.21 622.51 126.76 -5.530 18.855 132.104
1.4000 -254944.63 875.81 -3.37 -9.128 -6.576 140.603 2.8000 -223816.14 622.51 126.76 -5.530 -156.159 -743.205
2.8000 -254532.50 875.81 -3.37 -9.128 3.360 -1092.896
STORY3 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -203224.63 5970.68 969.19 246.449 1786.089 11131.073 1.4000 -323725.95 925.53 113.03 -8.014 24.085 196.197
1.4000 -202874.32 5970.68 969.19 246.449 383.529 2482.135 2.8000 -323258.88 925.53 113.03 -8.014 -130.892 -1105.306
2.8000 -202524.01 5970.68 969.19 246.449 919.008 4492.314
0.0000 -213792.45 -4446.71 -913.00 -265.132 -1778.610 -8747.664 0.0000 -252539.48 5975.00 1109.92 201.673 2037.340 10135.557
1.4000 -213442.14 -4446.71 -913.00 -265.132 -449.386 -2238.410 1.4000 -252189.17 5975.00 1109.92 201.673 423.904 1361.670
2.8000 -213091.83 -4446.71 -913.00 -265.132 -1057.157 -6392.138 2.8000 -251838.86 5975.00 1109.92 201.673 894.910 5825.633
0.0000 -206195.58 1484.12 6522.23 53.123 12343.737 2572.170 1.4000 -268821.67 -4476.08 -802.29 -208.230 -305.441 -901.002
1.4000 -205845.28 1484.12 6522.23 53.123 2868.691 450.145 2.8000 -268471.37 -4476.08 -802.29 -208.230 -1203.297 -7471.721
2.8000 -205494.97 1484.12 6522.23 53.123 6730.053 -199.515
0.0000 -210821.49 39.84 -6466.04 -71.806 -12336.259 -188.760 0.0000 -258322.40 1447.32 6756.96 73.265 12538.582 2488.002
1.4000 -210471.19 39.84 -6466.04 -71.806 -2934.547 -206.420 1.4000 -257972.09 1447.32 6756.96 73.265 2647.185 418.508
2.8000 -210120.88 39.84 -6466.04 -71.806 -6868.202 -1700.309 2.8000 -257621.79 1447.32 6756.96 73.265 7014.083 42.330
0.0000 -139094.99 5718.96 1021.64 249.419 1884.160 10739.553 1.4000 -263038.75 51.61 -6449.34 -79.822 -2528.721 42.161
1.4000 -138744.69 5718.96 1021.64 249.419 407.607 2444.100 2.8000 -262688.45 51.61 -6449.34 -79.822 -7322.470 -1688.418
2.8000 -138394.38 5718.96 1021.64 249.419 868.711 4808.369
0.0000 -149662.81 -4698.43 -860.54 -262.162 -1680.539 -9139.184 0.0000 -172555.22 5727.08 1078.94 202.671 1968.948 9709.425
1.4000 -149312.51 -4698.43 -860.54 -262.162 -425.308 -2276.444 1.4000 -172204.91 5727.08 1078.94 202.671 397.948 1282.481
2.8000 -148962.20 -4698.43 -860.54 -262.162 -1107.454 -6076.083 2.8000 -171854.60 5727.08 1078.94 202.671 911.903 6094.957
0.0000 -142065.95 1232.41 6574.69 56.093 12441.809 2180.649 1.4000 -188837.42 -4724.00 -833.28 -207.232 -331.397 -980.190
1.4000 -141715.64 1232.41 6574.69 56.093 2892.769 412.111 2.8000 -188487.11 -4724.00 -833.28 -207.232 -1186.305 -7202.397
2.8000 -141365.34 1232.41 6574.69 56.093 6679.756 116.540
0.0000 -146691.86 -211.87 -6413.58 -68.835 -12238.187 -580.280 0.0000 -178338.14 1199.39 6725.98 74.263 12470.191 2061.869
1.4000 -146341.55 -211.87 -6413.58 -68.835 -2910.469 -244.454 1.4000 -177987.83 1199.39 6725.98 74.263 2621.228 339.319
2.8000 -145991.25 -211.87 -6413.58 -68.835 -6918.499 -1384.254 2.8000 -177637.53 1199.39 6725.98 74.263 7031.076 311.654
STORY5 C18 DSTL1 0.0000 -183404.80 -196.31 -6480.32 -78.824 -12064.007 -355.839
0.0000 -192505.21 680.36 107.40 -8.495 135.748 1066.913 1.4000 -183054.49 -196.31 -6480.32 -78.824 -2554.678 -37.028
1.4000 -192038.13 680.36 107.40 -8.495 -11.800 111.771 2.8000 -182704.19 -196.31 -6480.32 -78.824 -7305.478 -1419.094
2.8000 -191571.06 680.36 107.40 -8.495 -159.162 -845.142
STORY2 C18 DSTL1
STORY5 C18 DSTL2 0.0000 -241161.96 668.72 163.77 -3.040 270.789 1137.354
0.0000 -278011.38 1015.98 37.46 -12.455 4.986 1588.940 1.4000 -240694.88 668.72 163.77 -3.040 44.367 201.527
1.4000 -277544.31 1015.98 37.46 -12.455 -43.904 162.483 2.8000 -240227.81 668.72 163.77 -3.040 -182.934 -738.293
2.8000 -277077.23 1015.98 37.46 -12.455 -92.099 -1266.549
STORY2 C18 DSTL2
0.0000 -219536.94 6044.53 973.98 228.508 1683.156 10253.133 1.4000 -347340.56 999.28 205.09 -4.371 78.976 307.112
1.4000 -219186.63 6044.53 973.98 228.508 273.264 1512.101 2.8000 -346873.49 999.28 205.09 -4.371 -205.591 -1097.392
2.8000 -218836.33 6044.53 973.98 228.508 1171.725 5829.397
0.0000 -231866.75 -4633.74 -942.23 -243.992 -1606.888 -7934.810 0.0000 -269484.50 5905.44 1076.86 110.821 2690.258 17009.653
1.4000 -231516.45 -4633.74 -942.23 -243.992 -235.054 -1173.062 1.3000 -269159.22 5905.44 1076.86 110.821 1268.281 9188.175
2.8000 -231166.14 -4633.74 -942.23 -243.992 -1172.227 -7475.458 2.6000 -268833.93 5905.44 1076.86 110.821 -164.030 1202.906
0.0000 -223250.30 1441.43 6676.66 50.745 11494.669 2423.224 1.3000 -287208.08 -4967.61 -794.14 -113.378 -1466.604 -9530.912
1.4000 -222900.00 1441.43 6676.66 50.745 1810.982 363.277 2.6000 -286882.79 -4967.61 -794.14 -113.378 -399.227 -2764.869
2.8000 -222549.69 1441.43 6676.66 50.745 8142.815 82.628
0.0000 -228153.39 -30.64 -6644.90 -66.228 -11418.401 -104.902 0.0000 -275980.06 1162.20 6391.63 53.317 17659.304 2580.322
1.4000 -227803.08 -30.64 -6644.90 -66.228 -1772.771 -24.239 1.3000 -275654.78 1162.20 6391.63 53.317 9200.979 1051.290
2.8000 -227452.78 -30.64 -6644.90 -66.228 -8143.316 -1728.688 2.6000 -275329.49 1162.20 6391.63 53.317 589.154 -476.759
0.0000 -150236.61 5813.04 1023.47 230.931 1751.599 9872.200 1.3000 -280712.52 -224.37 -6108.91 -55.873 -9399.302 -1394.027
1.4000 -149886.31 5813.04 1023.47 230.931 271.624 1456.007 2.6000 -280387.23 -224.37 -6108.91 -55.873 -1152.411 -1085.204
2.8000 -149536.00 5813.04 1023.47 230.931 1100.030 6099.104
0.0000 -162566.43 -4865.23 -892.74 -241.569 -1538.445 -8315.743 0.0000 -183943.34 5748.56 1034.25 111.210 2662.640 16861.812
1.4000 -162216.12 -4865.23 -892.74 -241.569 -236.693 -1229.156 1.3000 -183618.06 5748.56 1034.25 111.210 1296.224 9245.330
2.8000 -161865.82 -4865.23 -892.74 -241.569 -1243.921 -7205.750 2.6000 -183292.77 5748.56 1034.25 111.210 -81.035 1464.017
64
1.3000 -201666.92 -5124.49 -836.75 -112.989 -1438.661 -9473.756
2.6000 -201341.63 -5124.49 -836.75 -112.989 -316.232 -2503.758 STORY1 C18 DSTL1
0.0000 -257290.36 416.05 131.67 -1.186 76.660 391.368
STORY1 C18 DESIGN4 MAX 1.3000 -256856.65 416.05 131.67 -1.186 -94.958 -152.284
0.0000 -190438.90 1005.32 6349.03 53.706 17631.686 2432.480 2.6000 -256422.94 416.05 131.67 -1.186 -264.845 -693.161
1.3000 -190113.62 1005.32 6349.03 53.706 9228.922 1108.446
2.6000 -189788.33 1005.32 6349.03 53.706 672.149 -215.648 STORY1 C18 DSTL2
STORY1 C18 DESIGN4 MIN 0.0000 -371345.24 625.22 188.48 -1.704 113.484 588.490
0.0000 -195496.64 -381.25 -6151.52 -55.484 -17516.696 -1845.428 1.3000 -370911.53 625.22 188.48 -1.704 -132.216 -228.491
1.3000 -195171.36 -381.25 -6151.52 -55.484 -9371.359 -1336.872 2.6000 -370477.82 625.22 188.48 -1.704 -375.505 -1041.309
2.6000 -194846.07 -381.25 -6151.52 -55.484 -1069.416 -824.094
a. Column Section Design and Control

After checking for all of the combinations the critical combination
will be used to design the column. For column F-2 in first level all
the combinations will be checked and the critical one will be
realized. But for the next stories columns just one combination will
be checked.
Story 1, Design 1 combo maximum values:

P= -287208.08 Kg
V2=2905.44 Kg
V3=1076.86 Kg
M2=2690.258 Kg.m
M3=17009.653 Kg.m
Try Col 6 (Box 400*400*25)

 A = 375cm 2

 I = 8.828 *10 cm
4 4
Try _ 400 * 400 * 25 ⇒  Av = 200cm 2

 S = 4.41 *103 cm3

 r = 15.34cm
P 287200
fa = = = 765.9 kg 2
A 375 cm
M 2690.26 * 100
fb = 2 = = 61kg 2
S 4.41 *10 3
cm
M 17009.65 * 100
f by = 3 = = 385.7 kg 2
S 4.41 *10 3
cm
Fb = 0.6 Fy = 1440 kg
cm 2
Kl 300
Kl = 1* 300cm = 300 ⇒ = = 19.56 < 200 OK
r 15.34
6440 6440 Kl
Cc = = = 131.5 ⇒ < Cc OK
Fy 2400 r
65
(1 − 0.5β 2 ) Fy
Fa =
F .S .
Kl
19.56
β= r = = 0.149
Cc 131.5
F .S . = 1.67 + 0.375β − 0.125β 3 = 1.72
⇒ Fa = 1381kg / cm2
fa
= 0.554 ≤ 0.15 Not Ok
FA
So we should calculate:
fa Cmx f bx Cmy f by
(1) + + ≤1
Fa  fa   f 
1 −  Fbx 1 − a F
 Fex′   F ′  by
 ey 
f f f
(2) a + bx + by ≤ 1
0.6 Fy Fbx Fby
Cmx = Cmy = 0.85

105 * 105
Fex′ = Fey′ = 2
= 27444
 Kl 
 
 r 
765.9 0.85 * 61 0.85 * 385.7

(1) + + = 0.826 ≤ 1
1381  765.9   765.9 
1 − 1440 1 − 1440
 27444   27444  OK
765.9 61 385.7
(2) + + = 0.842 ≤ 1
1440 1440 1440
Flange Control:
(according to page 18 Iranian steel structures design code)
b 1590 40
≤ ⇒ = 16 ≤ 32.45 OK
t Fy 2.5
66
f a 765.9
= = 0.32 > 0.16 ⇒
Fy 2400
OK
d 2155 40
≤ ⇒ = 16 ≤ 44
tw Fy 2.5
Section Compression check:
Control _ 1 : 6b > d → OK
Control _ 2 : t f < 2t w → OK
M1 b
Control _ 3 : lb < lc = 103 (137 + 84 )
M 2 Fy
− 365 40
lc = 103 (137 + 84 ) = 2520
− 2158 2400 Not Ok.
lb = 2600cm
The section should be changed and increased.

Choose Col 4 (Box 450*450*25)
All other controls for columns are illustrated in bellow.
67
Story 1 – Column 450 * 450 * 25

Section Loading Properties
parameter unit Combo P V2 V3 M2 M3
Design -
A 425 cm2 1 287533.36 5905.44 1076.86 2690.258 17009.65
Design
S 5706 cm3 2 -281037.8 1162.2 6391.63 17659.3 2580.322
Design
r 17.38 cm 3 -201992.2 5748.56 1034.25 2662.64 16861.81
Design -
L 300 cm 4 195496.64 1005.32 6349.03 17631.69 2432.48
-
b 45 cm DSTL 1 257290.36 416.05 131.67 -264.845 -693.161
-
t 2.5 cm DSTL 2 371345.24 625.22 188.48 -375.505 -1041.31
- kg kg kg kg.m kg.m
Calculations
Combo fa fbx fby Fb Kl/r Cc Beta F.S. Fa Cm F'ex
Design 1 676.5 633.0 4002.3 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
Design 2 661.3 4155.1 607.1 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
Design 3 475.3 626.5 3967.5 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
Design 4 460.0 4148.6 572.3 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
DSTL 1 605.4 62.3 163.1 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
DSTL 2 873.8 88.4 245.0 1440.0 17.3 131.5 0.1 1.7 1384.2 0.85 35240.8
Controls
Combo Slenderness < 200 Slenderness < Cc Control 1 Control 2 Flange b/t 6b>d tf<2tw Lb<:c
Design 1 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
DSTL 1 OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK
68
Story 6 – 400*400*25
Design - -
A 375 cm2 1 196041.13 5570.7 -863.62 1472.84 9398.301
Design - -
S 4414 cm3 2 193666.97 1333.06 5968.44 -10150 2183.274
Design -
r 15.34 cm 3 137121.63 5352.49 914.22 1532.27 9056.557
Design -
L 320 cm 4 134747.46 1114.85 6019.03 10209 1841.551
-
b 40 cm DSTL 1 176797.42 584.86 70.83 95.616 915.494
-
t 2.5 cm DSTL 2 255356.75 875.81 -3.37 -16.372 -1371.13
Calculations
Design 1 522.8 392.8 2506.2 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
Design 2 516.4 2706.7 582.2 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
Design 3 365.7 408.6 2415.1 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
Design 4 359.3 2722.4 491.1 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
DSTL 1 471.5 25.5 244.1 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
DSTL 2 681.0 4.4 365.6 1440.0 20.9 131.5 0.2 1.7 1370.6 0.85 24129.0
Controls
69
Story 10 – Column 320*320*20

Design - -
A 240 cm2 1 127730.86 4239.66 -766.14 1241.51 6976.62
Design - - -
S 2260 cm3 2 126607.48 1068.81 4563.08 7360.22 1663.31
Design -
r 12.27 cm 3 -89038.85 4051.32 -662.81 1082.66 6701.779
Design - -
L 320 cm 4 -87915.47 880.47 4459.75 7201.37 1388.469
-
b 32 cm DSTL 1 115544.96 508.15 -8.25 -38.412 743.577
-
t 2 cm DSTL 2 167134.31 759.27 -146.03 173.405 1110.032
Calculations
Design 1 532.2 54.9 2906.9 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
Design 2 527.5 325.7 73.6 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
Design 3 371.0 47.9 54619.2 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
Design 4 366.3 318.6 433.9 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
DSTL 1 481.4 1.7 2323.7 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
DSTL 2 696.4 7.7 55501.6 1440.0 26.1 131.5 0.2 1.7 1349.5 0.85 15437.6
Controls
70
Story 14 – Column 260*260*20

Design -
A 192 cm2 1 62067.18 2872.12 -362.1 -587.954 4530.791
Design - -
S 1428 cm3 2 61617.56 900.25 2375.18 -3830.18 1375.661
Design -
r 9.83 cm 3 43415.29 2675.71 364.46 569.503 4238.648
Design -
L 320 cm 4 42965.67 703.84 2377.55 3811.727 1083.519
-
b 26 cm DSTL 1 56641.74 530.57 36.01 -48.858 792.879
-
t 2 cm DSTL 2 81510.93 792.42 -32.85 -66.536 1182.827
Calculations
Design 1 323.3 201.1 25.4 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
Design 2 320.9 63.0 166.3 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
Design 3 226.1 187.4 25.5 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
Design 4 223.8 49.3 166.5 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
DSTL 1 295.0 37.2 2.5 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
DSTL 2 424.5 55.5 2.3 1440.0 32.6 131.5 0.2 1.8 1321.1 0.85 9908.2
Controls
71
b. Design of Column Connectors
For Col 4 (450*450*2.5)
Flange connector:
Flange Connector Plate Dimensions:
48cm-3cm=45=b
t=2.5
A=45*2.5=112.5
TMAX = 0.6 Fy * A ⇒ T = 162ton
w = 1.5cm ⇒ Rw = 668w = 1000kg / cm
The required length of welding:

T 162000 162 − 45
= = 162cm ⇒ = 58.5 ~ 60cm
Rw 1000 2
The needed dimensions of plate: 120*45*2.5cm and w=1.5cm
Web connector:
Web Connector Plate Dimensions:
40cm-3cm=37cm=b
t=2.7
A=37*2.7=99.9
TMAX = 0.6 Fy * A ⇒ T = 144ton
w = 1.5cm ⇒ Rw = 668w = 1000kg / cm
The required length of welding:

T 144000 144 − 37
= = 144cm ⇒ = 53.5 ~ 55cm
Rw 1000 2
The required dimensions of plate: 110*37*2.7cm and w=1.5cm
Fillers:
The length of fillers should be at least 2 cm greater than the half of
longest connector length.
Use 5cm Î Filler length: 5+120/2=62cm
Other connector and fillers are designed in excel file and the results
are presenting in tables bellow:
72
Col 1: 540*540*30
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
Col 4 57 3 48 3 1002 1.5
- cm cm cm cm kg/cm cm
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
54 3 162 233280 232.81 89.41
cm cm cm2 kg/cm cm cm
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
45 3.2 144 207360 206.95 80.97
L b t
Flange
180.00 54 3
Connector
Web Connector 170.00 45 3.2
Filler 95.00 Different
Clo 2: 500*500*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col2 53 2.5 45 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
50 2.5 125 180000 179.64 64.82
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
42 2.7 113.4 163296 162.97 60.49
L b t
Flange
130.00 50 2.5
Connector
73
Col 3: 480*480*35
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col3 51 2.5 43 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
48 2.5 120 172800 172.46 62.23
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
40 2.7 108 155520 155.21 57.60
L b t
Flange
130.00 48 2.5
Connector
Col 4: 450*450*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col4 48 2.5 40 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
45 2.5 112.5 162000 161.68 58.34
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
37 2.7 99.9 143856 143.57 53.28
L b t
Flange
120.00 45 2.5
Connector
74
Col 5:420*420*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col5 45 2.5 37 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
42 2.5 105 151200 150.90 54.45
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
34 2.7 91.8 132192 131.93 48.96
L b t
Flange
110.00 42 2.5
Connector
Col 6: 400*400*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col6 43 2.5 35 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
40 2.5 100 144000 143.71 51.86
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
32 2.7 86.4 124416 124.17 46.08
L b t
Flange
110.00 40 2.5
Connector
75
Col7:380*380*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col7 41 2.5 33 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
38 2.5 95 136800 136.53 49.26
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
30 2.7 81 116640 116.41 43.20
L b t
Flange
100.00 38 2.5
Connector
Col8:360*360*258
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col8 39 2.5 31 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
36 2.5 90 129600 129.34 46.67
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
28 2.7 75.6 108864 108.65 40.32
L b t
Flange
100.00 36 2.5
Connector
76
Col9:340*340*25
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col9 37 2.5 29 2.5 1002 1.5
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
34 2.5 85 122400 122.16 44.08
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
26 2.7 70.2 101088 100.89 37.44
L b t
Flange
90.00 34 2.5
Connector
Col10:320*320*20
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col10 35 2 28 2 668 1
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
32 2 64 92160 137.96 52.98
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
25 2.2 55 79200 118.56 46.78
L b t
Flange
110.00 32 2
Connector
77
Col11:300*300*20
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col11 33 2 26 2 668 1
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
30 2 60 86400 129.34 49.67
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
23 2.2 50.6 72864 109.08 43.04
L b t
Flange
100.00 30 2
Connector
Col12:280*280*20
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col12 31 2 24 2 668 1
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
28 2 56 80640 120.72 46.36
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
21 2.2 46.2 66528 99.59 39.30
L b t
Flange
100.00 28 2
Connector
78
Col13:260*260*20
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col13 29 2 22 2 668 1
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
26 2 52 74880 112.10 43.05
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
19 2.2 41.8 60192 90.11 35.55
L b t
Flange
90.00 26 2
Connector
Col14:240*240*20
Column Geometry
Weld
Flange Web
Name
b t b t Rw w
col14 27 2 20 2 668 1
Flange Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
24 2 48 69120 103.47 39.74
Web Connector
b t A T Lw Min L
17 2.2 37.4 53856 80.62 31.81
L b t
Flange
80.00 24 2
Connector
79
8. Beam Design
For an example, the beam in frame 2 between axis D and F will be
designed in third story. This beam is the longest beam (L = 6 m).
Combo Design 1:
Mmax = -12536.0 kg-m
V max = 7882.3 kg
1 1
The Height of section: h = ( ~ )l = 24 ~ 30cm
20 25
Choose h=32cm (center to center)
Choose tw = 1cm
Try B3 Beam:
h 985 * 103
Controlling < ⇒ 32 < 337 OK
tw Fy ( Fy + 1160)
Compressing flange area:

M A 12536 32 *1
Af = − w = − = 21.8
Fb.h 6 1440 * 32 6
Choose: b=20 cm
tf=1.8 cm
Section dimensions controlling:
b 20cm 795
= = 5.55 < = 16.23 OK
2t f 3.6 Fy
Fb = 0.6 Fy = 1440kg / cm 2
h 6370 32 6370
Controlling: > ⇒ > ⇒ Fb′ = Fb = 1440 Kg / cm2
tw Fb 1 1440
h 32
Controlling: ≤ 260 ⇒ > 260 ⇒ K v = 5.34
tw 1
315 *104 * Kv
Cv = ≤ 0.80 ⇒ 6.8 ≤ 0.8
h
FY ( )
tw
Not satisfy, next equation should be used
80
16000 Kv
Cv = > 0.80 ⇒ 2.36 ≥ 0.8 OK
h Fy
tw
Fy
Fv = Cv ≤ 0.4 Fy
2.89
2400
Fv = 2.36 = 1959 ≤ 0.4 Fy ⇒ Fv = 960kg / cm2
2.89
Shear Controlling:
V=7882.3kg
Fv=0.4Fy=960kg/cm2
A = 32 cm2
V 7882.3
= = 225.2 < 960 OK
A 35
Bending control
M=12356 kg-m = 1235600 kg-cm
S = 1282 cm3 (B 3)
M 1235600
= = 963kg / cm2 < 1440 OK
S 1282
Welding Design:
Flange moments:
Af 20 *1.87
* S * 0.6 Fy = *1282 * 0.6 * 2400 = 15823.54 Kg − cm
AW 32
Af + 20 *1.8 +
6 6
Transferred shear between flange and web:

VxQ
V =
I
M 1253600
Vx = = = 41786.7kg
h 32
(b * t f )h 20 * 1.8 * 33.2
Q= = = 597.6
2 2
41786.7 * 597.6
⇒V = = 111.3kg / cm 2
2.244 E + 5
81
0.3 * 4200 * 0.75 * cos 45 * w = 668w
668w = 111.3 ⇒ w = 0.18cm

0.18cm welding is less than minimum value addressed in code, so
we will use the minimum welding in code
w=5 mm
82
9. Rigid Connection Design

All the rigid connections designed based on member capacity.
For B4 beam:
 h = 35cm
 b = 16cm
 f
B 4 ⇒  t f = 1.2cm
 t = 0.8cm
 w
S = 759cm
3
Top plate design:

Force in top flange: T − 16 *1.2 * 0.6 Fy = 27648Kg
T 27648
Amin = = = 19.2cm 2
0.6 Fy 0.6 * 2400
By considering w=0.8 for welding,

⇒ bPlate (max) = b f − 2wmin ⇒ bPlate = 16 − 2 * 0.8 = 14.8cm
Choose bp=14cm Î tp = 1.37 cm

Choose tp = 1.4 cm
Top Plate to Column Welding (fillet welding):
Fw = 0.75 * 0.6 Fy = 1080 Kg / cm2

Full penetration welding
T 27648
⇒ w = 1.4cm ⇒ lw = = = 18.3
Fw .w 1080 * 1.4
The plate should be wider in end to supply this length of welding.
83
Choose d=20cm
Top plate to Beam flange (fillet welding):
Rw = 0.3φFy * Cos 45 * w = 0.3 * 0.75 * 4200 * 0.707 * w = 668w( Kg / cm)

Flange thickness: 1.2cm
Plate Thickness : 1.4cm
According to Iranian steel design code:

Wmin = 0.7 cm
Wmax = 1.25 cm
Choose w=1 cm
T 27648
Required Length ⇒ lw = = = 41.4cm
Rw * w 668 *1
lw − b p 41.4 − 14
Top Plate ⇒ l(min) = = = 13.7cm ⇒ L = 20cm
2 2
Bottom Plate Design:
Suppose the area of this plate equal to top plate

Abottom plate = ATop plate = 14*1.4=19.6 cm2
b (min) = bf + 2wmax = 16+2*1.05=18.1

Î bp = 20 cm
tp = 19.6/20 = 0.98 ~ 1 cm
84
Bottom Plate to Column Welding (fillet welding):

This welding is exactly similar to top one.
Bottom plate to Beam flange welding:
Rw = 0.3φFy * Cos 45 * w = 0.3 * 0.75 * 4200 * 0.707 * w = 668w( Kg / cm)

Flange thickness: 1.2cm
Plate Thickness: 1.0cm
According to Iranian steel design code:
Wmin = 0.5 cm
Wmax = 1.05 cm
Choose w=1 cm
T 27648
Required Length ⇒ lw = = = 41.4cm
Rw * w 668 *1
l 41.4
Bottom Plate ⇒ l p (min) = w + e = + 2 = 22.7cm ⇒ LP = 25cm
2 2
Web Plate Design

To transfer the shear between beam and column, we will use 2
plates as web connectors.
Shear Area of beam = Av = 28 cm2

Arequired= 1.5(28/2) = 21 cm2
⇒ bmax = h − 2t f − 2w1 − 2w2
w1: Flange to web welding
w2: wmax of Plate and Web
⇒ bmax = 35 − 2 *1.2 − 2 *1 − 2 * 0.85 = 28.9cm

Choose b=21 cm
A 21
⇒ tp = = = 1cm
b 2
Plate to column welding:

Should be fillet welding and there is no need to be calculated.
Plate to web welding:

Lp = 20 cm
85
⇒ b = L p − e = 20 − 2 = 18cm
d = b p = 21cm
b2
x= = 5.68cm
2b + d
8b 3 + 6bd 2 + d 3 b4
IP = − = 66787cm 4
12 2b + d
V d
(L − x )
2 2 297.7
( Bending ) _ f ′( x) = ==
wI P w
V
( L − x )(b − x )
2 349.4
′
( Bending ) _ f ( y ) = =
wI P w
V
2 235.8
( shear ) _ f ( y ) = ==
(2b + d ) w w
656.5
fr = f ′( x) 2 + ( f ( y ) + f ′( y )) 2 =
w
656.5
Rw = 668w ⇒ f r < Rw ⇒ < 668 ⇒ w ≥ 0.98 ⇒ w = 1cm
w
Stiffener Design
Pbf
(1) t ≥
(t p + 5k ) Fy
Pbf=27648kg
tb= 1 cm
K = 2.5 cm
27648 27648
t = 2.5 ≥ = = 0.84cm OK
(1 + 5 * 2.5)2400 32400
d c 34500t 2 Fy
(2) ≤
t Pbf
45 34500 * 2.5 2 2400

≤ ⇒ 18 ≤ 382 OK
2.5 27648
No need to Stiffener.
86
Fig 9.1 Beam Column Connection
87
10. Story Drift control

According to the section 2-4-13 in 2800, the story drifts should be
0.03
less than , and in this structural system R = 10. Thus the story
R
drifts should be less than 0.003
By applying the designed members (columns and beams) which
were designed to resist just against moment and shear, the drift of
the stories was considerable. Drift limitations force the designer to
change the sections and increase them to achieve the target drifts.
Here are the story drifts of the structure after increasing sections.
The drifts are calculated for both static and spectral earthquake
loads.
Table 10.1 Story Drift Controlling

STORY
DIRECTION LOAD X Drift Y Drift
LEVEL
STORY17 Max Drift X EX 0.001969
STORY17 Max Drift Y EX 0.00014
STORY17 Max Drift X EY 0.000106
STORY17 Max Drift Y EY 0.002353
STORY17 Max Drift X SPECX 0.001432
STORY17 Max Drift Y SPECX 0.00034
STORY17 Max Drift X SPECY 0.000199
STORY17 Max Drift Y SPECY 0.001545
88

89

90

91
11. P-∆ Effect

If the story drifts are greater than 0.02/R the P-∆ effects should be
considered. As you noticed above, drifts are almost greater than
this value.
Also I have checked the P-∆ analyzing procedure in ETABS with
10 iteration steps, however the calculation of P-∆ can be manual
according to the Iranian seismic design code (2800) but because
the software automatically calculate and apply this control there is
no need to these calculations.
12. Service Earthquake

Section 2-12 of Iranian seismic design criteria, introduce the
service earthquake. This is the earthquake which occurs during 50
years with the probability greater than 99.5 percent. This
earthquake should be considered if the building is higher than 50
meters. According to this criterion the service base shear is:
1
Vser = ABIW
6
1
Vser = * .35 *1.03 *1 * 6760 = 406ton
6
The extra load in both directions will be:
Ft = 0.07TV = 0.07 * 1.9 * 406 = 54ton
92
Table 12.1 Service Earthquake Force Distribution

Weight H
(ton) (m)
STORY17 300 54.2 16238.56 0.086 352.00 84.41
STORY16 387 51 19719.84 0.105 352.00 36.93
STORY15 387 47.8 18495.72 0.098 352.00 34.63
STORY14 387 44.6 17257.51 0.092 352.00 32.32
STORY13 388 41.4 16082.08 0.086 352.00 30.11
STORY12 398 38.2 15190.20 0.081 352.00 28.44
STORY11 398 35 13934.04 0.074 352.00 26.09
STORY10 399 31.8 12674.89 0.067 352.00 23.73
STORY9 403 28.6 11519.47 0.061 352.00 21.57
STORY8 409 25.4 10394.74 0.055 352.00 19.46
STORY7 409 22.2 9085.16 0.048 352.00 17.01
STORY6 409 19 7775.59 0.041 352.00 14.56
STORY5 411 15.8 6490.91 0.035 352.00 12.15
STORY4 421 12.6 5308.42 0.028 352.00 9.94
STORY3 421 9.4 3960.25 0.021 352.00 7.42
STORY2 422 6.2 2617.84 0.014 352.00 4.90
STORY1 411 3 1232.53 0.007 352.00 2.31
SUMATION 6760 187977.74
I applied this earthquake to the structure and checked the story drifts.
In this load case, the story drifts should be limited to 0.005/R that
structural results satisfy these limitations.
13. Overturning Control

Overturning is checked according to section 2-4-12 of seismic
code. The overturning moment is the result of production lateral
earthquake load and height of the level. The resisting moment is
the moment of building weight around the corner of foundation.
Because in this structure the foundation is about one meter greater
than structure limits so it will be calculated around this point. Note
that the weight of the foundation should be considered in this
calculation.
93
Overturning moment
H Fihi
Story Fi
(m) Overturning
STORY17 50.17 54.2 2719.31
STORY16 21.95 51 1119.25
STORY15 20.58 47.8 983.91
STORY14 19.21 44.6 856.58
STORY13 17.90 41.4 740.97
STORY12 16.91 38.2 645.78
STORY11 15.51 35 542.75
STORY10 14.11 31.8 448.57
STORY9 12.82 28.6 366.65
STORY8 11.57 25.4 293.83
STORY7 10.11 22.2 224.46
STORY6 8.65 19 164.42
STORY5 7.22 15.8 114.13
STORY4 5.91 12.6 74.44
STORY3 4.41 9.4 41.43
STORY2 2.91 6.2 18.06
STORY1 1.37 3 4.12
SUMATION 241 9358.66
Resistance moment = (Weight of the structure + Foundation) *

distance between center of mass and foundation toe
Note that Direction Y is critical.
Î Wr = 6760 ton + ( 101m2 *1.1m * 2.4) = 7027ton

Î Mr = 7027 * 8.35m = 58675 ton-m
Mr 58675
= = 6.27 > 1.85
Mo 9359
There is no problem about overturning.
14. Vertical Earthquake Control

Iranian seismic design code (2800) doesn’t apply this calculation
and control on all members, just balconies and cantilever members.
Because there are not such members in this project, so there is no
need to check this criterion.
15. Uplift Control

There is no uplift force to design any facilities to resist. All the
forces in all design combos are downward.
94
16. Foundation Design

Foundation of this structure supposed to be met and designed and
analyzed with SAFE. The results of ETABS were exported to
SAFE and the properties of soil and concrete material applied on
the model. Uplifts are considered in analyzing and there is not any
problem with uplift in this structure. The height of the foundation
is 110 cm
There will be a mesh in

top and bottom of the
foundation consist of
Φ22 @ 20cm however
some regions more
reinforcement is
required and added to
the foundation. All of
the foundation plans
and details are attached
to the project.
The only information
about the soil in this
project is q=2 kg/cm2.
95
Part III
CBF and MRF

System Design
96
Earthquake Resistance Design CBF System Design

Second structural system is a centric bracing system in one
direction and moment resistance frame in other direction. Y
direction selected to act as bracing system and X direction remain
in the previous system.
According to 2800, in buildings higher than 40 meters we can not
use just centric bracing system. In this system the joints and
connection between beams and columns remain rigid. The system
in Y direction will act in both special moment resisting frame
(SMRF) and centric bracing frame (CBF). R factor for such
buildings differs in different directions. Rx = 10 and Ry = 9. All
the bracing members are double UNP and I just used 3 different
bracing sections 2UNP10, 2UNP14 and 2UNP18
2. Braced frame locating

Braced frames are distributed in structure plan to satisfy the
symmetric rigidity in plan. Fig 2.1 shows braced frames.
A B C D E F G H I J
4
Fig 2.1 Braced frames location


Rx = 10 (Special Moment Resistance Frame)
Ry = 9 (CBF and Special Moment Resistance Frame)
97

3 3
T = 0.08H 4 ⇒ T = 0.08 * (51.2) 4 = 1.53 sec
T = 1.25 * 1.53 sec = 1.9 sec
2 2
T0 3 0.5 3
B = 2.5( ) ≤ 2.5 ⇒ B = 2.5( ) = 1.03
T 1.9
ABI 0.35 * 1.03 * 1

Cx = = = 0.0357
R 10
ABI 0.35 *1.03 *1
Cy = = = 0.040
R
V X = C X W = 0.0357 * 6835 = 244ton

VY = CY W = 0.040 * 6835 = 273.4ton
FtX = 0.07TV X = 0.07 * 1.9 * 244 = 32.45ton

FtY = 0.07TVY = 0.07 * 1.9 * 273.4 = 36.36ton
Table 3.1 Exact Static equilibrium earthquake forces for CBF structure in X direction
Weight H
(ton) (m)
STORY17 303 54.2 16400.32 0.086 211.55 50.71
STORY16 387 51 19751.81 0.104 211.55 21.99
STORY15 387 47.8 18480.96 0.097 211.55 20.58
STORY14 387 44.6 17277.38 0.091 211.55 19.24
STORY13 395 41.4 16354.70 0.086 211.55 18.21
STORY12 402 38.2 15361.05 0.081 211.55 17.10
STORY11 403 35 14113.26 0.074 211.55 15.71
STORY10 404 31.8 12858.16 0.068 211.55 14.32
STORY9 412 28.6 11769.62 0.062 211.55 13.10
STORY8 419 25.4 10645.26 0.056 211.55 11.85
STORY7 419 22.2 9310.62 0.049 211.55 10.37
STORY6 418 19 7949.14 0.042 211.55 8.85
STORY5 420 15.8 6628.27 0.035 211.55 7.38
STORY4 421 12.6 5299.36 0.028 211.55 5.90
STORY3 421 9.4 3961.13 0.021 211.55 4.41
STORY2 421 6.2 2610.82 0.014 211.55 2.91
STORY1 415 3 1245.19 0.007 211.55 1.39
SUMATION 6835 190017.07
98
Table 3.2 Exact Static equilibrium earthquake forces for CBF structure in X direction
Weight H
(ton) (m)
STORY17 303 54.2 16400.32 0.086 237.04 56.82
STORY16 387 51 19751.81 0.104 237.04 24.64
STORY15 387 47.8 18480.96 0.097 237.04 23.05
STORY14 387 44.6 17277.38 0.091 237.04 21.55
STORY13 395 41.4 16354.70 0.086 237.04 20.40
STORY12 402 38.2 15361.05 0.081 237.04 19.16
STORY11 403 35 14113.26 0.074 237.04 17.61
STORY10 404 31.8 12858.16 0.068 237.04 16.04
STORY9 412 28.6 11769.62 0.062 237.04 14.68
STORY8 419 25.4 10645.26 0.056 237.04 13.28
STORY7 419 22.2 9310.62 0.049 237.04 11.61
STORY6 418 19 7949.14 0.042 237.04 9.92
STORY5 420 15.8 6628.27 0.035 237.04 8.27
STORY4 421 12.6 5299.36 0.028 237.04 6.61
STORY3 421 9.4 3961.13 0.021 237.04 4.94
STORY2 421 6.2 2610.82 0.014 237.04 3.26
STORY1 415 3 1245.19 0.007 237.04 1.55
SUMATION 6835 190017.07
99
4. Brace Design
a. 2UNP180
H = 3m
⇒ L = 4.9 − 0.35 = 4.55
3
Tan(α ) = = 33.7 ⇒ α = 35°
4.5
T max = 0.6 Fy * A = 0.6 * 2400 * 56 = 80640Kg
Fvbt 0.4 Fybt

T ≤ Ft *14 * t + 2 * ⇒ T ≤ 0.6 Fy *14 * t + 2 *
1.5 1.5
960
⇒ 80640 ≤ 20160 + 2 * b *1
Select t=1cm 1.5
⇒ 60480 ≤ 1280b ⇒ b ≥ 47.25cm
V = 46253kg
T = 80640 ⇒  h
Vv = 66056kg
t = 1cm ⇒ Lh * t = Ah
V
⇒ f h = h < 0.4 Fy
Lh t
46253 46253
⇒ fh = = < 960 ⇒ Lh > 48
Lh * 1 Lh
Choose Lh = 50cm
VV
t = 1 ⇒ fv = < 0.4 Fy
LV t
66056 66056
⇒ fV = = < 960 ⇒ LV > 68.8
LV * 1 LV
Choose Lh=50cm and Lh=70cm
Welding between UNP profiles:

Note that both side of the profiles are welded.
l w = ( L * 2) * 2 = 4 L
L ≥ 47.25cm
Suppose: w=0.6 cm
Rw=668w = 400 kg/cm
100
T 80640
T = 80640 ⇒ l w = = = 201.6cm
Rw 400
lw
⇒L= = 50.4 ⇒ L = 50 > 47.25ok
4
Plate to Beam Welding:

Lh = 50 ⇒ l w = 50cm * 2 = 100cm
V 46253
⇒ Vh = 46253 ⇒ l w = ⇒ 100 = ⇒ w = 0.7 Ok
Rw 668w
Plate to Column Welding:

Lv = 70 ⇒ l w = 70cm * 2 = 140cm
V 66056
⇒ VV = 66056 ⇒ l w = ⇒ 140 = ⇒ w = 0.7 Ok
Rw 668w
Middle Connection of Bracings
Connection plate width:

T=80640 Kg, t=1cm
T 80640
< 0.6 Fy ⇒ < 0.6 * 2400 ⇒ b > 56cm
A b *1
Required welding length for broken brace:

It is exactly similar to the welding properties and dimensions in
brace to column and beam connections.
L = 140 cm, w = 0.7 ok
Required welding length for continued brace:

This weld in just to reduce the unbraced length of bracings and
there is not any calculation and it will be executed according to the
plate thickness and brace types.
Wmin=5mm Î 0.5cm
Brace Connection to Column Base:

Connection between bracing profile and plates are similar to
previous connections.
L=140cm and w=0.7
101
V ( shear ) = 66056
α = 35° ⇒ T = 80640 → 
 P = 46253
Choose Lv=70cm
fV f
⇒ + t ≤1
FV FT
66056 46253
0.98 0.46
⇒ 70t + 70t ≤ 1 ⇒ + ≤1
0.4 Fy 0.6 Fy t t
⇒ t ≥ 1.44 ⇒ t = 1.6
Plate to Column Welding Design

l w = 2 * 70 = 140cm
Rw( shear ) = 668w
Rw(axial ) = 0.75 * 0.6 * 2400 w = 1080 w
66056
⇒ w1 = = 0.70( Shear )
140 * 668
46253
⇒ w2 = = 0.30( Axial )
140 *1080
⇒ w = w1 + w2 = 1.0cm ⇒ w = 1.2cm
102
b. 2UNP140
H = 3m
⇒ L = 4.9 − 0.35 = 4.55
3
Tan(α ) = = 33.7 ⇒ α = 35°
4.5
T max = 0.6 Fy * A = 0.6 * 2400 * 40.8 = 58752Kg
Fvbt 0.4 Fybt

T ≤ Ft *14 * t + 2 * ⇒ T ≤ 0.6 Fy *14 * t + 2 *
1.5 1.5
960
⇒ 58752 ≤ 20160 + 2 * b *1
Select t=1cm 1.5
⇒ 38592 ≤ 1280b ⇒ b ≥ 30.15cm
V = 33700kg
T = 58752 ⇒  h
Vv = 48127kg
t = 1cm ⇒ Lh * t = Ah
V
⇒ f h = h < 0.4 Fy
Lh t
33700 33700
⇒ fh = = < 960 ⇒ Lh > 35
Lh * 1 Lh
Choose Lh = 35cm
VV
t = 1 ⇒ fv = < 0.4 Fy
LV t
48127 48127
⇒ fV = = < 960 ⇒ LV > 50
LV LV
Choose Lh=35cm and Lh=55cm
Welding between UNP profiles:

Note that both side of the profiles are welded.
l w = ( L * 2) * 2 = 4 L
L ≥ 30.15cm
Suppose: w=0.6 cm
Rw=668w = 400 kg/cm
103
T 58752
T = 58752 ⇒ l w = = = 146.6cm
Rw 400
lw
⇒L= = 36.65 ⇒ L = 40 > 30.15ok
2
Plate to Beam Welding:

Lh = 35 ⇒ l w = 35cm * 2 = 70cm
V 33700
⇒ Vh = 33700 ⇒ l w = ⇒ 70 = ⇒ w = 0.7 Ok
Rw 668w
Plate to Column Welding:

Lv = 50 ⇒ l w = 50cm * 2 = 100cm
V 48127
⇒ VV = 48127 ⇒ l w = ⇒ 100 = ⇒ w = 0.7 Ok
Rw 668w
Middle Connection of Bracings
Connection plate width:

T=58752 Kg, t=1cm
T 58752
< 0.6 Fy ⇒ < 0.6 * 2400 ⇒ b > 40.8 ~ b = 45cm
A b *1
Required welding length for broken brace:

It is exactly similar to the welding properties and dimensions in
brace to column and beam connections.
L = 40 cm, w = 0.6 ok
Required welding length for continued brace:

This weld in just to reduce the unbraced length of bracings and
there is not any calculation and it will be executed according to the
plate thickness and brace types.
Wmin=5mm Î 0.5cm
Brace Connection to Column Base:

Connection between bracing profile and plates are similar to
previous connections.
L=40cm and w=0.6
104
V ( shear ) = 48127
α = 35° ⇒ T = 58752 → 
 P = 33700
Choose Lv=50cm
fV f
⇒ + t ≤1
FV FT
48127 33700
1.002 0.47
⇒ 50t + 50t ≤ 1 ⇒ + ≤1
0.4 Fy 0.6 Fy t t
⇒ t ≥ 1.47 ⇒ t = 1.6
Plate to Column Welding Design

l w = 2 * 50 = 100cm
Rw( shear ) = 668w
Rw(axial ) = 0.75 * 0.6 * 2400 w = 1080 w
48127
⇒ w1 = = 0.73( Shear )
100 * 668
33700
⇒ w2 = = 0.31( Axial )
100 *1080
⇒ w = w1 + w2 = 1.04cm ⇒ w = 1.2cm
105
5. Story Drift Control

According to the section 2-4-13 in 2800, the story drifts should be
0.03
less than , and in this structural system R = 10 in X direction
R
and R=9 in Y direction. Thus the story drifts should be less than
0.003 in X direction and 0.00333 in Y direction.
By applying the designed members (columns and beams) which
were designed to resist just against moment and shear, the drift of
the stories was considerable. Drift limitations force the designer to
change the sections and increase them to achieve the target drifts.
Here are the story drifts of the structure after increasing sections.
The drifts are calculated for both static and spectral earthquake
loads.
Table 5.1 Story Drift Controlling

Story Item Load DriftX DriftY
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X EX 0.001346
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y EX 0.000126
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X EY 0.000073
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y EY 0.001499
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X SPECX 0.001339
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y SPECX 0.000164
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X SPECY 0.000249
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y SPECY 0.001397
106

107

108

6. P-∆ Effect
P-∆ Effect consideration procedure is exactly similar to the MRF
system.
7. Foundation design
Foundation analyzed and design by SAFE.
109
Reinforcement diagram in X direction
110
Reinforcement Diagram in Y Dir
111
Part IV
EBF System
112

Third building is an eccentric bracing system in two directions.
According to 2800, I used dual system, eccentric bracing and
special moment resistance frame. R factor for this system is 10 in
both X and Y directions. All the bracing members are double UNP
and I just used 3 different bracing sections 2UNP10, 2UNP14 and
2UNP18
2. Braced frame locating

Braced frames are distributed in structure plan to satisfy the
symmetric rigidity in plan. Fig 2.1 shows braced frames.
A B C D E F G H I J
4
Fig 2.1 Braced frames location
Eccentric distance between two bracings is 100 cm.


3 3
T = 0.08H 4 ⇒ T = 0.08 * (51.2) 4 = 1.53 sec
T = 1.25 * 1.53 sec = 1.9 sec
113
2 2
T0 3 0.5
B = 2.5( ) ≤ 2.5 ⇒ B = 2.5( ) 3 = 1.03
T 1.9
ABI 0.35 *1.03 *1
C= = = 0.0357
R 10
V = CW = 0.0357 * 6511 = 232.4ton
Ft = 0.07TV = 0.07 * 1.9 * 232.4 = 30.9ton
Table 3.1 Exact Static equilibrium earthquake forces for EBF structure
Weight H
(ton) (m)
STORY17 300 54.2 16240.41 0.089 201.50 48.80
STORY16 382 51 19475.46 0.107 201.50 21.47
STORY15 383 47.8 18305.62 0.100 201.50 20.18
STORY14 383 44.6 17101.45 0.094 201.50 18.85
STORY13 384 41.4 15888.88 0.087 201.50 17.51
STORY12 384 38.2 14679.94 0.080 201.50 16.18
STORY11 384 35 13452.19 0.074 201.50 14.83
STORY10 385 31.8 12240.36 0.067 201.50 13.49
STORY9 386 28.6 11050.99 0.060 201.50 12.18
STORY8 388 25.4 9860.04 0.054 201.50 10.87
STORY7 388 22.2 8617.52 0.047 201.50 9.50
STORY6 388 19 7379.92 0.040 201.50 8.13
STORY5 391 15.8 6179.65 0.034 201.50 6.81
STORY4 394 12.6 4967.30 0.027 201.50 5.48
STORY3 394 9.4 3705.05 0.020 201.50 4.08
STORY2 397 6.2 2462.10 0.013 201.50 2.71
STORY1 398 3 1193.32 0.007 201.50 1.32
SUMATION 6511 182800.19
114
4. EBF design
115
116
117
118
119
5. Story Drift Control

Story Item Load DriftX DriftY
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X EX 0.000876
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y EX 0.000342
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X EY 0.000057
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y EY 0.001955
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X SPECX 0.000929
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y SPECX 0.000319
STAIR_WAY Max Drift X SPECY 0.00009
STAIR_WAY Max Drift Y SPECY 0.001544
120

121

122
Weight Compare of Three different types of structures:
Weight Compare
6900
6800
6700
Weight MRF
6600
(ton) CBF
6500
EBF
6400
6300
1
Building Type
123
APPENDEX 1
STORY DATA
STORY SIMILAR TO HEIGHT ELEVATION
STAIR_WAY None 2.500 56.700

STORY17 None 3.200 54.200
STORY16 STORY17 3.200 51.000
STORY15 STORY17 3.200 47.800
STORY14 STORY17 3.200 44.600
STORY13 STORY17 3.200 41.400
STORY12 STORY17 3.200 38.200
STORY11 STORY17 3.200 35.000
STORY10 STORY17 3.200 31.800
STORY9 STORY17 3.200 28.600
STORY8 STORY17 3.200 25.400
STORY7 STORY17 3.200 22.200
STORY6 STORY17 3.200 19.000
STORY5 STORY17 3.200 15.800
STORY4 STORY17 3.200 12.600
STORY3 STORY17 3.200 9.400
STORY2 STORY17 3.200 6.200
STORY1 STORY17 3.000 3.000
BASE None 0.000
COLUMN CONNECTIVITY DATA
COLUMN I END PT J END PT I END STORY
C1 C1 C1 Below
C2 C2 C2 Below
C3 C3 C3 Below
C4 C4 C4 Below
C5 C5 C5 Below
C6 C6 C6 Below
C7 C7 C7 Below
C8 C8 C8 Below
C9 C9 C9 Below
C10 C10 C10 Below
C11 C11 C11 Below
C12 C12 C12 Below
C13 C13 C13 Below
C14 C14 C14 Below
C15 C15 C15 Below
C16 C16 C16 Below
C17 C17 C17 Below
C18 C18 C18 Below
C19 C19 C19 Below
C20 C20 C20 Below
C21 C21 C21 Below
C22 C22 C22 Below
124
C23 C23 C23 Below

C24 C24 C24 Below
C25 C25 C25 Below
C26 C26 C26 Below
C27 C27 C27 Below
C28 C28 C28 Below
C29 C29 C29 Below
C41 C41 C41 Below
C42 C42 C42 Below
C43 C43 C43 Below
C44 C44 C44 Below
BEAM CONNECTIVITY DATA
BEAM I END PT J END PT
B1 C3 C4
B2 C7 C8
B3 C11 C12
B4 C15 C16
B5 C19 C20
B6 C23 C24
B7 C25 C26
B8 C27 C28
B9 C3 C7
B10 C7 C11
B11 C11 C15
B12 C15 C19
B13 C19 C23
B14 C23 C25
B15 C25 C27
B16 C4 C8
B17 C8 C12
B18 C12 C16
B19 C16 C20
B20 C20 C24
B21 C24 C26
B22 C26 C28
B23 C1 C2
B24 C2 C3
B25 C5 C6
B26 C6 C7
B27 C9 C10
B28 C10 C11
B29 C13 C14
B30 C14 C15
B31 C17 C18
B32 C18 C19
B33 C21 C22
B34 C22 C23
B35 C1 C5
B36 C5 C9
B37 C9 C13
B38 C13 C17
125
B39 C17 C21

B40 C2 C6
B41 C6 C10
B42 C10 C14
B43 C14 C18
B44 C18 C22
B45 C29 C25
B46 C22 C29
B89 86 85
B90 88 87
B91 90 89
B92 92 91
B93 94 93
B94 96 95
B95 98 97
B96 100 99
B99 103 81
B100 104 83
B101 106 105
B102 108 107
B103 110 109
B104 112 111
B105 114 113
B106 116 115
B107 118 117
B108 120 119
B109 122 121
B110 124 123
B111 126 125
B112 128 127
B113 130 129
B114 132 131
B115 134 133
B116 136 135
B117 138 137
B118 140 139
B119 142 141
B120 144 143
B123 147 148
B124 149 150
B125 151 152
B126 153 154
B127 155 156
B128 157 158
B129 159 160
B130 161 162
B131 163 164
B132 165 166
B133 167 168
B134 169 170
B135 171 172
B136 173 174
B137 175 C42
B138 177 178
B139 179 180
B140 181 182
126
B141 183 184

B142 185 186
B143 187 188
B144 189 190
B145 191 192
B146 193 194
B147 195 196
B148 197 198
B149 199 200
B150 201 202
B151 203 204
B152 205 206
B153 207 208
B154 209 210
B155 211 212
B156 213 214
B157 215 216
B158 217 218
B159 219 220
B160 221 222
B161 223 224
B162 225 226
B163 227 228
B217 C20 C19
B221 C42 C41
B223 172 735
B224 174 736
B225 178 737
B226 180 738
B233 C15 C42
B234 C42 C19
B236 C41 C20
B237 C16-1 C41-1
B238 999 1000
B239 178 1001
B240 180 1002
B244 C29 C44
B245 C21 C43
B246 C29 C43
B247 C43 C44
B248 C44 C27
B249 101 1222
B250 102 1223
B251 67 1224
B252 69 1225
B253 71 1226
B254 73 1227
B255 75 1228
B268 83 1240
B269 81 1241
B270 1223 1242
B271 1222 1243
MASS SOURCE DATA
127
MASS LATERAL LUMP MASS

FROM MASS ONLY AT STORIES
Loads Yes Yes
MASS SOURCE LOADS
LOAD MULTIPLIER
DEAD 1.0000
LIVE 0.2000
SUPDEAD 1.0000
DIAPHRAGM MASS DATA
STORY DIAPHRAGM MASS-X MASS-Y MMI X-M Y-M
STAIR_WAY D1 1582.4936 1582.4936 15245.9455 16.650 12.256

STORY17 D1 29960.4425 29960.4425 3506504 15.523 7.468
STORY16 D1 38666.3618 38666.3618 4873591 16.227 7.482
STORY15 D1 38693.9658 38693.9658 4875211 16.225 7.487
STORY14 D1 38693.9658 38693.9658 4875211 16.225 7.487
STORY13 D1 38845.6082 38845.6082 4895812 16.221 7.485
STORY12 D1 39764.9193 39764.9193 5016478 16.221 7.468
STORY11 D1 39811.5391 39811.5391 5023783 16.221 7.476
STORY10 D1 39858.1589 39858.1589 5031081 16.222 7.485
STORY9 D1 40277.8651 40277.8651 5091297 16.219 7.479
STORY8 D1 40924.1569 40924.1569 5179331 16.215 7.474
STORY7 D1 40924.1569 40924.1569 5179331 16.215 7.474
STORY6 D1 40924.1569 40924.1569 5179331 16.215 7.474
STORY5 D1 41081.6909 41081.6909 5199947 16.212 7.470
STORY4 D1 42130.3036 42130.3036 5337721 16.212 7.466
STORY3 D1 42130.3036 42130.3036 5337721 16.212 7.466
STORY2 D1 42223.1590 42223.1590 5355982 16.218 7.473
STORY1 D1 41084.4230 41084.4230 5219758 16.187 7.474
ASSEMBLED POINT MASSES
STORY POINT UX UY UZ RX RY RZ
STAIR_WAY 3818 1582.493638 1582.493638 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 15246

STORY17 C41 225.958268 225.958268 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY17 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY17 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY17 3819 29960 29960 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 3506504
STORY16 C41 479.311167 479.311167 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY16 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY16 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY16 3820 38666 38666 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 4873591
128
STORY15 C41 506.915203 506.915203 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

STORY15 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY15 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY15 3821 38694 38694 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 4875211
STORY14 C41 506.915203 506.915203 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY14 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY14 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY14 3822 38694 38694 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 4875211
STORY13 C41 513.062868 513.062868 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY13 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY13 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY13 3823 38846 38846 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 4895812
STORY12 C41 523.883719 523.883719 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY12 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY12 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY12 3824 39765 39765 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5016478
STORY11 C41 523.883719 523.883719 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY11 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY11 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY11 3825 39812 39812 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5023783
STORY10 C41 523.883719 523.883719 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY10 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY10 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY10 3826 39858 39858 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5031081
STORY9 C41 525.932940 525.932940 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY9 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY9 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY9 3827 40278 40278 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5091297
STORY8 C41 530.359579 530.359579 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY8 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY8 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY8 3828 40924 40924 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5179331
STORY7 C41 530.359579 530.359579 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY7 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY7 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY7 3829 40924 40924 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5179331
STORY6 C41 530.359579 530.359579 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY6 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY6 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY6 3830 40924 40924 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5179331
STORY5 C41 530.359579 530.359579 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY5 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY5 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY5 3831 41082 41082 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5199947
STORY4 C41 536.099001 536.099001 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY4 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY4 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY4 3832 42130 42130 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5337721
STORY3 C41 536.099001 536.099001 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY3 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY3 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY3 3833 42130 42130 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5337721
STORY2 C41 545.704725 545.704725 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY2 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY2 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY2 3834 42223 42223 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5355982
129
STORY1 C41 533.811205 533.811205 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

STORY1 1240 1.609769 1.609769 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY1 1243 0.425007 0.425007 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
STORY1 3835 41084 41084 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 5219758
BASE C1 47.428275 47.428275 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C2 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C3 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C4 47.428275 47.428275 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C5 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C6 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C7 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C8 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C9 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C10 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C11 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C12 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C13 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C14 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C15 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C16 224.804860 224.804860 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C17 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C18 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C19 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C20 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C21 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C22 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C23 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C24 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C25 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C26 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C27 51.030422 51.030422 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C28 47.428275 47.428275 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C29 45.026843 45.026843 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C42 37.822546 37.822546 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C41 211.596984 211.596984 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C43 47.428275 47.428275 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
BASE C44 47.428275 47.428275 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
Totals All 688154 688154 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 85193336
MATERIAL PROPERTY DATA
MATERIAL MATERIAL DESIGN MATERIAL MODULUS OF POISSON'S THERMAL

SHEAR
NAME TYPE TYPE DIR/PLANE ELASTICITY RATIO COEFF MODULUS
STEEL Iso Steel All 2.000E+10 0.3000 1.1700E-05 7692307692

CONC Iso Concrete All 2500000000 0.2000 9.9000E-06 1041666667
OTHER Iso None All 2.039E+10 0.3000 1.1700E-05 7841930445
MATERIAL PROPERTY MASS AND WEIGHT
130
MATERIAL MASS PER WEIGHT PER

NAME UNIT VOL UNIT VOL
STEEL 7.8500E+02 7.8500E+03

CONC 2.4000E+02 2.4000E+03
OTHER 7.9814E+02 7.8334E+03
MATERIAL DESIGN DATA FOR STEEL MATERIALS
MATERIAL STEEL STEEL STEEL

NAME FY FU COST ($)
STEEL 24000000 40000000 250.00
MATERIAL DESIGN DATA FOR CONCRETE MATERIALS
MATERIAL LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE REBAR REBAR LIGHTWT

NAME CONCRETE FC FY FYS REDUC FACT
CONC No 2800000.000 30000000 24000000 N/A
131

Dinamica de Estructuras Con MATLAB

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International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology

Design of Earthquake Resistance

Professor: Dr. F. Nateghi-A

THINK GLOBAL, ACT LOCAL

PART I Building Information

Weight Comparing of structures 123

Appendix A: ETABS Input data 124

1.1 Architectural Information

Fig 1.1.1 Schematic Plan of Building

Central Heating System

Fig 1.1.2 Schematic Plan of Building

1.2. General Structural information

1.3. Soil Properties

1.4. Material Properties

1.5. Design and Analysis Criteria

The following codes are used in this project:

Analyzing Program: Etabs2000 ver.7.21

2. General and Basic Loading Information

Fig 2.1.1.1 Stories ceiling detail

Fig 2.1.1.2 Roof ceiling detail

According to fig 2.1.1.1 the loading of the story ceiling are

Table 2.1.1.1 Calculation of story ceiling weight

Table 2.1.1.2 Calculation of roof ceiling weight

According to the 519 (Iranian Loading Criteria) we can use a

Stories ceiling unit weight:

Roof ceiling unit weight:

2.1.2. Wall Dead Load

Sub Finishing 2cm Mortar 2cm

Fig 2.1.2.1 Illustration of external wall details

Table 2.1.2.1 calculation the weight of external walls

The percent of opening in external walls is about 40% so the

Table 2.1.2.2 calculation the weight of external walls

2.1.3. Stair Way Dead Load

Fig 2.1.3.1 Stairs Side View

Fig 2.1.3.2 Stairs Plan

Table 2.1.3.1 shows the calculation of the weight of the stairs.

Table 2.1.3.1 Stair Weight

We’ll assign the weight of the stairs slab, as a distributed load on

4.9 * 575 / 2 = 1408.75 ~ 1410 kg/m

2.1.4. Chiller Dead Load

So the weight of the chiller will be divided between four columns

2.2. Live Loads

2.2.1. Floor Live Load

 For rooms: 200 Kg/m2

70% * 200 + 30% * 500 = 290 Kg/m2

2.2.2. Stair way Live Load

4.9 * 350 / 2 = 857.5 kg/m

2.3. Soil pressure loads

2.4. Wind load

Wind Base Speed (V): 100 km/h

Building height from the base is 54.2m and because of the 3m

 h = 0 ~ 10m ⇒ Fwind = 112 *10 * 34.3 = 33936

 h = 20 ~ 30m ⇒ Fwind = 147 *10 * 34.3 = 44541

The base shear of wind force will be:

VWind = 33.936+40.299+44.541+47.571+48.783+6.109=221.2 (ton)

After Calculating the Earthquake load, we should decide about the

Fig 2.4.1 Wind Pressure Distribution in Height

Fig 2.4.1 Wind Pressure Distribution in Height

2.5. Quake Loads

2.5.1. Equivalent Static Method

2.5.1.1. Structure Weight

Table 2.5.1.1.1 Story Weight Calculation

2.5.1.2. Quake force parameters

For rooms: 200 Kg/m2

 h = 0 ~ 10m ⇒ Fwind = 112 10 34.3 = 33936

 h = 20 ~ 30m ⇒ Fwind = 147 10 34.3 = 44541

4 * 0.6 FyS 4 * 0.6 146 2400