Professional Documents
Culture Documents
RUBBER COMPANY
Copyright 1988
Atlantic India Rubber Company
ATLANTIC INDIA 3
Technical Data and
Elastomer Properties
Engineering Properties of Elastomers Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPDM)
Originally an elastomer was defined as rubber or a sub- EPDM elastomers are comparable to natural rubber, but
stance with rubber-like properties. To the basic character- offer a price advantage. They provide outstanding age resis-
istics of rubber, advances in modern chemistry have added tance through a combination of excellent ozone and sunlight
further qualities so that both natural and synthetic elastomers resistance and good resistance to heat, oxygen and low tem-
now perform functions which were once considered outside peratures. EPDM’s have excellent chemical resistance but
their capabilities. Today, any material with resilience or are unsuitable for use with oil or hydrocarbon solvents.
memory sufficient to return to its original shape after distor-
tion is classified as an elastomer. Elastomers satisfy engi-
neering problems dealing with shock absorption, vibration, Neoprene (CR)
sealing, corrosion protection, friction, holding gases, electri- Neoprene is tough and provides good resistance to oil,
cal and thermal insulation, waterproofing and abrasion pro- oxygen, ozone, heat, flame and weather. It withstands fluc-
tection. tuations in temperature, but is poor at consistent low tem-
peratures.
Natural Rubber (NR)
The oldest known elastomer, Natural Rubber offers a good Nitrile (NBR)
balance of superior tear strength, high resilience and tensile Nitrile has outstanding resistance to constant immersion in
strength, good abrasion resistance and good flexural quali- oil. It offers good tensile strength, water, heat and abrasion
ties at low temperatures. It should not be used where it will resistance. It can be compounded to remain flexible at low
be exposed to chemicals or oil. It does not stand up well in temperatures, but has poor ozone and weather resistance.
outdoor use where it is subjected to oxygen, sunlight, ozone
or high temperatures.
Silicone (S)
Synthetic Polyisoprene (IR) Silicones are exremely stable and retain their rubbery
properties over a temperature range of -120° to +600° F. In
The characteristics of Polyisoprene are similar to those of this temperature range silicones exhibit high resistance to
natural rubber. The synthetic possesses greater ultra-violet compression set and provide good release properties, inert-
resistance and elongation under stress. ness, high gas impermeability and excellent electrical insu-
lation protection.
Styrene-Butadiene (SBR)
SBR is much like natural rubber in its properties. It is the See pages 8 and 9 for a chart of the most popular elasto-
lowest priced of the elastomers and is easily formulated with mers, their physical properties and typical applications.
high styrene resins to produce tough, hard-rubber applica-
tions. Compounding with other elastomers improves its oil
and solvent resistance.
Rubber Manufacturers’ Association the higher expense of close weight control on rubber stock,
Standard Tolerance Tables more expensive trimming methods, fewer cavities per mold;
These tables are helpful from the economic standpoint as and similar considerations. Molds to make close-tolerance
well as engineering standpoint, since we classify by com- parts usually cost more to build than those with broader
mercial versus precision groupings. A precision part, in the tolerances. These are exceptions to the standards compiled
general sense of the word, tends to cost more. This is due to herein. This data should, however, serve as a useful guide.
ABRASION The wearing away of surface in service by mechanical action IMPACT The single instantaneous stroke or contact of a moving body with
such as rubbing, scraping or erosion. another, either moving or at rest.
ACID RESISTANT Withstands the action of acids. MEMORY Tendency of a material to return to its original shape after de-
formation.
AGING To undergo change in physical properties due to light, oxygen, heat
and ozone over a period of time. OIL RESISTANT Able to resist the swelling and deteriorating effects of
various types of oils.
BANBURY MIXER A specific type of internal mixer used to blend fillers
and other ingredients with an elastomer. OXIDATION The reaction of oxygen on a compound, usually by a change
in the appearance or feel of the surface or by a change in the physical prop-
CALENDAR A machine used to form sheets of elastomer between steel erties.
rollers.
OZONE RESISTANT Withstanding the deteriorating effects of ozone
COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL EXPANSION Average expansion per (generally cracking).
degree over a stated temperature range, expressed in a fraction of initial
dimension. May be linear or volumetric. PERMANENT SET The deformation remaining after a specimen has been
stressed in tension for a definite period and released for a definite period.
COLD RESISTANT Able to withstand the effects of low temperatures
without loss of serviceability. PERMEABILITY The passage of liquid or gas under pressure through a
solid material by diffusion and solution. In rubber terminology it implies
COMPRESSION SET Failure of a rubber specimen to return to original the rate of gas flow expressed in atmospheric cubic centimeters per second
shape after release of compression load. through an elastometric material one centimeter square and one centimeter
thick.
CONDUCTIVE RUBBER A rubber capable of conducting electricity.
POLYMER A material formed by the joining together of many (poly) indi-
CREEP The progressive relaxation of a given rubber material while it is vidual units (mer) or a monomer; synonymous with elastomer.
under stress. This relaxation eventually results in permanent deformation
or “set”. RESILIENCE The capacity to return to original size and shape after de-
formation.
DUROMETER (HARDNESS) (a) An instrument for measuring the hard-
ness of rubber. Measures resistance to the penetration of an indentor point TEAR RESISTANT Resistant growth of a cut or nick when tension is
into the surface of rubber. (b) Numerical scale of rubber hardness from 0 to applied to the cut specimen. Commonly expressed as pounds per inch thick-
100, indicating soft to hard. ness.
ELASTICITY The property of an article while tends to return to its origi- TEMPERATURE RANGE Maximum and minimum temperature limits
nal shape after deformation. within which an elastomer will function in a given application.
ELASTOMER Natural rubber, or any synthetic substance which exhibits TENSILE STRENGTH Force in pounds per square inch required to cause
the properties of rubber. the rupture of a specimen of elastomer material.
ELONGATION Increase in length expressed numerically as a fraction or VISCOSITY The property of fluids and plastic solids by which they resist
percentage of initial length. an instantaneous change of shape, i.e., resistance to flow.
FLEX RESISTANT Able to withstand dynamic bending stresses. VULCANIZATION A thermo-setting reaction involving the use of heat
and pressure, which results in greatly increased strength and elasticity of
HEAT RESISTANT Able to resist the deteriorating effects of elevated rubber-like materials.
temperatures.
DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS
1/64 – .015625 9/64 – .140625 17/64 – .265625 25/64 – .390625 33/64 – .515625 41/64 – .640625 49/64 – .765625 57/64 – .890625
1/32 – .03125 5/32 – .15625 9/32 – .28125 13/32 – .40625 17/32 – .53125 21/32 – .65625 25/32 – .78125 29/32 – .90625
3/64 – .046875 11/64 – .171875 19/64 – .296875 27/64 – .421875 35/64 – .546875 43/64 – .671875 51/64 – .796875 59/64 – .921875
1/16 – .0625 3/16 – .1875 5/16 – .3125 7/16 – .4375 9/16 – .5625 11/16 – .6875 13/16 – .8125 15/16 – .9375
5/64 – .078125 13/64 – .203125 21/64 – .328125 29/64 – .453125 37/64 – .578125 45/64 – .703125 53/64 – .828125 61/64 – .953125
3/32 – .09375 7/32 – .21875 11/32 – .34375 15/32 – .46875 19/32 – .59375 23/32 – .71875 27/32 – .84375 31/32 – .96875
7/64 – .109375 15/64 – .234375 23/64 – .359375 31/64 – .484375 39/64 – .609375 47/64 – .734375 55/64 – .859375 63/64 – .984375
1/8 – .125 1/4 – .25 3/8 – .375 1/2 – .5 5/8 – .625 3/4 – .75 7/8 – .875 1– 1
No. 827-N
Many of Atlantic’s
recessed bumpers
are available either
with or without
washers. Ask
Atlantic’s Customer
Service Department.
ATLANTIC INDIA
TRUCK AND DOCK BUMPERS MOLDED
only available as
replacement
lifter cup
1" ID
A
Diameter Part No.
3/8 2234
7/16 1732
1/2 1651
5/8 1696
7/8 3454
1 1541
1-1/8 1542
1-1/4 1794
1-3/8 2628
1-1/2 1543
1-7/8 747
2 1399
2-1/4 1843
2-1/2 1861
3 5132
5/16 9931
1/4 9930
3/4 9934
9/32 9935
MOLDED