ENSC 2192

TRANSmit
VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

TRANSmit
VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERISTY OF THE PHILIPPINES-BINAN CAMPUS

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 ENSC 2192
TRANSmit
VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

TRANSmit
Vehicular Accident and Alcohol Content Sensing Device for Safety Driving

A Final Project Presented To Professor Charles Winner B. Gelotin of

Polytechnic University of the Philippines – Biñan Campus
City of Biñan, Laguna

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Course

ENSC 2192 Computer Fundamentals and Programming

By

Dol, Christian Joseph G.

Reyes, Cyrill Jake C.

March 21, 2018

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

PURPOSE OF THE PRODUCT

The purpose of this device is to provide information regarding

development carried out using a vehicular accident and alcohol
sensing device for safety driving. This device is developed to lessen the
accident or injury caused by driving with influence of alcoholic substances. The
TRANSmit device also notifies the 3 pre-saved numbers who input in the product in case
of emergency. It sends some information about the user’s driving state, alcohol content
of the body, current location, and the information of the car. This developed device used
an Arduino microcontroller with MQ-3 sensor to measure the alcohol content in an
automobile driver’s breath. A DC motor was used to simulate the working of an ignition
system. The DC motor started if the driver consumed no alcohol or within the limits. An
alarm was sounded using piezo buzzer in case the driver failed the test. Simultaneously,
a GPRS/GSM shield was used to communicate with relatives or friends of the driver by
sending an SMS to them. It shall come across as major combat mechanism to the
problem of drunken driving that is rife in the society. The response time of the system is
very low so there are no lags found during the operation. Thus, this design can be
incorporated in various automobiles by connecting it with the ignition mechanism of the
vehicle.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this instrument is to devise an inexpensive, time efficient and error free
method for measuring the alcohol concentration in the breath of a driver. It can also be
an instrument to solve an accident or injury regarding the alcohol content in the body of
the driver. It also discusses how the developed device is operating and transmitting data
from one person to another.

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

I. INTRODUCTION

Driving a car is one of the riskiest activities that people perform on

a daily basis. Driving is complicated and presents many challenges
every time you drive. It requires a lot of time and practice to develop the skills
to become a safe driver. There have been numerous drunken driving cases which have
had direct effects on the lives of involved parties. Alcohol levels in automobile drivers are
measured by the traffic police but this does not stop the drivers from driving cars in
drunken state. Road users who are impaired by alcohol have a significantly higher risk of
being involved in a crash. According to WHO (World Health Organization) in low and
middle-income countries a survey found that alcohol was present in the blood of between
4% and 69% of injured drivers, 18% to 90% of crash-injured pedestrians and 10% to 28%
of injured motorcyclists. In most high-income countries about 20% of fatally injured drivers
have excess alcohol in their blood. The Philippines is also seeing worrying figures, with
data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) showing that the number of deaths due
to road crashes has been increasing since 2006. According to the latest available data,
10,012 people died due to road crashes in 2015 – a 45.76% increase from 6,869 deaths
recorded in 2006. Certain behaviors are major contributors to high risk driving and
crashes. These include:

 speeding and inappropriate travel speeds for the road or weather conditions
 driving after drinking alcohol or when impaired by drugs not wearing seatbelts
 driver distraction and inattention, including use of mobile phones
 driver fatigue

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

II. PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE

A. System Overview

The main elements of this automatic vehicle accident detection and alcohol
content sensing device are GSM and GPS module and TRANSmit. The
working of this model will be made in the following steps:

1. An alcohol sensor is basically used as a breath tester. It senses the Ethanol content in the driver's
breath and gives its output to the motor. If the level of the ethanol is beyond the limit which is 0.3
Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) then motor stops (brakes) and send message to the driver’s pre-
saved numbers as well as to the local authorities, with co-ordinates of that location, else the motor
is ON.

2. A piezoelectric sensor is used to sense the vibration at the time of the accident and give its output
to the buzzer. If any value of vibration sensor is changed beyond limit then buzzer will start. If the
buzzer is ON for more than 10 seconds, the GPS module is triggered ON. In case of a minor
accident, where the driver does not need any external assistance, he/she will press the switch within
10 seconds, to which the buzzer will be OFF and the GPS will not be triggered. The GPS (Global
Positioning System) detects the latitude and longitudinal position of a vehicle.

3. The latitudes and longitude position of the vehicle is sent as a message through the Global
System for Mobile Communication (GSM) to the pre-saved numbers, 3 contact persons and a
number or emergency number of the authority within the area of accident.

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROCESS

Power Supply

Alcohol/Gas Sensor GPS

TRANSmit

Piezoelectric/ GSM
Vibrational Sensor

Buzzer

Figure 1: Proposed Accident Detection System

B. System Architecture

Hardware Components & Design

 TRANSmit

TRANSmit is a micro-controller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14

digital input/output pins, out of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, 6 analog inputs, a
16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button. The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external
power

 Alcohol Sensor

Alcohol sensor typically used as a part of the breathalyzes or breath tester for
the detection of ethanol in the human breath. MQ-3 gas sensor has high sensitivity and

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

fast response time to alcohol and has good resistance to disturb

of gasoline, smoke and vapor. Sensitive material of MQ-3 is SnO2,
which with lower conductivity in clean air. Mainly vapor. Sensitive
material of MQ-3 is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean air.
Mainly or. A simple interface could be a 0-3.3V ADC

 Vibration Sensor

In this project piezoelectric sensor is used as a vibration sensor. A piezoelectric

sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect, to measure changes in pressure,
acceleration, temperature, strain, or force by converting them to an electrical charge.

 Buzzer

The buzzer used is 1-8S LiPo Battery Voltage Tester Low Volt Alarm Buzzer and
LED. It is used for testing 1-8S Lipo/Li-ion/LiMn/Li-Fe. The Voltage Detection Precision is
+/- 0.01V. The Unit Voltage Display Range: 0.5~4.5V. The 1S Test Mode Voltage Range:
3.7~30V and there is a Low voltage alarm mode for 2-8S. The Alarm Set Value Range is
OFF~2.7~3.8V.

 GPS Module

The GPS used in this project is NEO6mv2.The NEO-6 module series is a family
of stand-alone GPS receivers featuring the high performance u-blox 6 positioning engine.
These flexible and cost effective receivers offer numerous connectivity engine. These
flexible and cost effective receivers offer numerous connectivity deal for battery operated
mobile devices with very strict cost and space constraints. The 50-channel u-blox 6
positioning engine boasts a Time-To-First-Fix0(TTFF) of under 1 second[4].The
dedicated acquisition engine, with 2 million correctors, is capable of massive parallel
time/frequency space searches, enabling it to find satellites instantly. Innovative design
and technology suppresses jamming sources and mitigates multipath effects, giving
NEO-6 GPS receivers excellent navigation performance even in the most challenging

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

environments. The Supply Voltage is 2.7 to 3.6V. The Supply

current is 67 mA of antennas in this GPS i.e. Passive and active
antenna.

 GSM Module

Most modern cellular networks make use of the GSM technology for
communication purposes. In this project we are using SIM800 module which works in the
frequency band of 800MHz.

C. Algorithm

System Operation

ALGORITHM

Step 1: Start

Step 2: Vehicle starts and the alcohol sensor gets triggered.

Step 3: If value is greater than 0.3 then go to step 7 else proceed to step 4.

Step 4: Vehicle continues if pressure detected value is smaller the '0'.

Step 5: If pressure detected value is greater than '0' than buzzer turns on for 10 seconds.

Step 6: If buzzer turned off in 10 seconds then end else go to step 3.

Step 7: GPS detects the exact location on of the vehicle

Step 8: Send text message to the pre-saved numbers.

Step 9: Stop.

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

START
FLOWCHART

VEHICLE STARTS,
ALCOHOL SENSOR
GETS TRIGGERED

IF
ETHANOL VEHICLE
VALUE > STOPS
03
YES

VEHICLE
CONTINUES

PRESSURE
DETECTED

IF MOTOR
PRESSURE CONTINUES
VALUE > 03

MOTOR STOPS,
BUZZER IS ON

MESSAGES IS SEND THROUGH

NO
THE GSM MODULE
(accident/intoxicated detected)

STOP

Figure 2: Flowchart of Proposed Model

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VEHICULAR ACCIDENT AND ALCOHOL CONTENT SENSING DEVICE FOR SAFETY DRIVING

The proposed model for accident detection and intoxicated driver

system can prove to be an important aid in constructing smart
transport systems in near future if implemented properly. In this
device various sensors are placed which indicates occurrence of an
accident and intoxicated driver such as vibration sensor, alcohol sensor. If range of that
sensor increases beyond specific range for detection of intoxicated driver the vehicle will
stop and a message will be sent to previously stored numbers, as well as to the local
authorities, with co-ordinates of that location, while for vibration detection the buzzer will
get “on” for ten seconds if the driver can’t stop the buzzer within ten seconds then it will
detect as an accident, and a message will also send to previously stored numbers with
co-ordinates of that location.

REFERENCES

[1] World Health Organization, “Drinking and driving a road safety manual for decision
makers and practitioners”, 2007.
[2] V.A. Singh, “New year revelry, more drunk drivers caught than last year in Mumbai”,
Daily News and Analysis, 2016.
[3] Alicia Gibb, “New media art, design, and the Arduino microcontroller: a malleable
tool”, 2010.
[4] Kenneth H. Beck, William J. Rauch, Elizabeth A. Baker,” Effects of Ignition Interlock
License Restrictions on Drivers with Multiple
Alcohol Offenses: A Randomized Trial in Maryland”, American Journal of Public health,
Vol 89 No 11, 1999.
[5] Randy W. Elder, Robert Voas, Doug Beirness, Ruth A. Shults, David A. Sleet, James
L. Nichols, , Richard Compton,” Effectiveness of Ignition Interlocks for Preventing
Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Alcohol-Related Crashes A Community Guide Systematic
Review”, Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal
ofPreventiveMedicin'e,2011.
[6] Hedlund J, Fell J. ”Persistent drinking drivers in the U.S. Des Plaines IL: Association
for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine”, 1995:1–12.
[7] Jeffrey H. Coben, Gregory L. Larkin, “Effectiveness of Ignition Interlock Devices in
Reducing Drunk Driving Recidivism”, American journal of preventive medicine, February
1999.
[8] https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/road-safety/166151-road-crashes-
philippines-awareness-safety

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