Jones V Golden

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Jones v. Golden, 176 So.3d 242 (2015)
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176 So.3d 242
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Supreme Court of Florida.
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Carol Ann JONES
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, etc., Petitioner,
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v.
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Edward I. GOLDEN, etc., Respondent.
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No. SC13\u8211\'3f2536.
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|
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Oct. 1, 2015.
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Synopsis
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Background:
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Guardian for decedent\rquote s former wife filed statement of claim against
decedent\rquote s estate in probate proceedings, based on assertion that estate
owed wife money pursuant to terms of marital settlement agreement. The Seventeenth
Judicial Circuit Court, Broward County,
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Mel Grossman
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, J., granted motion by personal representative of decedent\rquote s estate motion
to strike statement of claim as untimely filed, and appeal was taken. The District
Court of Appeal,
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126 So.3d 390
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, reversed and remanded and certified conflict.
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[Holding:]
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The Supreme Court,
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Canady
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, J., held that claims of known or reasonably ascertainable creditors of an estate
who were not served with a copy of the notice to creditors are timely if filed
within two years of the decedent\rquote s death; disapproving
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Morgenthau v. Andzel,
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26 So.3d 628
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, and
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Lubee v. Adams,
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77 So.3d 882
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.
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Certified question answered, decision approved.
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West Headnotes (3)
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Appeal and Error
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36f6674776172650041646f626520496d616765526561647971c9653c000002e34944415478da9c545d
426082}}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
Notice to creditors
\par
}
}
}
\cellx600
\cellx4640
\intbl
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
}
}
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
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{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
Claims of known or reasonably ascertainable creditors of an estate who were not
served with a copy of the notice to creditors are timely if filed within two years
of the decedent\rquote s death; disapproving
}
5ed9f1&refType=RP&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=Docu
)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
}
}
26 So.3d 628,
and
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee v. Adams,
}
}
77 So.3d 882
.
}
findType=L&pubNum=1000006&cite=FLSTS733.702&originatingDoc=I771759a8687111e5a807ad4
8145ed9f1&refType=LQ&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=D
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
West\rquote s F.S.A. \u167\'3f\u167\'3f 733.702
,
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
733.710
,
}
findType=L&pubNum=1000006&cite=FLSTS733.2121&originatingDoc=I771759a8687111e5a807ad
48145ed9f1&refType=LQ&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=
DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf76ad1b1b8*oc.Related
Info)" }{\fldrslt
733.2121
.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
co_headnoteId_20372809860022018012502553}
1 Cases that cite this headnote
\sb200
\par
}
}
}
\cell \row }}\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0 {
\cellx600
\cellx4640
\intbl
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
[3]
\par
}
}
}
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
}
89504e470d0a1a0a0000000d494844520000001c0000001008020000008aad88b800000019744558745
36f6674776172650041646f626520496d616765526561647971c9653c000002e34944415478da9c545d
426082}}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
Time for Presentation
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
}
89504e470d0a1a0a0000000d494844520000001c0000001008020000008aad88b800000019744558745
36f6674776172650041646f626520496d616765526561647971c9653c000002e34944415478da9c545d
426082}}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
Notice to creditors
\par
}
}
}
\cellx600
\cellx4640
\intbl
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
}
}
{\ri30 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \ql \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
Guardianship of decedent\rquote s former wife was reasonably ascertainable creditor
of decedent\rquote s estate, and thus, because personal representative of
decedent\rquote s estate never served wife nor guardian with notice to creditors,
guardianship\rquote s claim against estate was governed by two-year statute of
repose, not 90-day limitations period for claims filed after publication of notice
of administration.
}
8145ed9f1&refType=SP&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=D
nfo)#co_pp_f1c50000821b0" }{\fldrslt
West\rquote s F.S.A. \u167\'3f\u167\'3f 733.702(1)
,
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
733.710
.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri30 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li30
co_headnoteId_20372809860032018012502553}
1 Cases that cite this headnote
\sb200
\par
}
}
}
\cell \row }}\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
}
}
}
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{\*\bkmkstart co_headnotesEnd_1}{\*\bkmkend co_headnotesEnd_1}
\par
}
{\b1 \cf32 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\*\bkmkstart co_attorneysAndLawFirms_1}{\*\bkmkend co_attorneysAndLawFirms_1}
Attorneys and Law Firms
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\*\bkmkstart co_pp_sp_3926_242_1}{\*\bkmkend co_pp_sp_3926_242_1}
*242
}
}
}
)" }{\fldrslt
Robin Felicity Hazel
}}}
of Hazel Law, P.A., Pembroke Pines, FL, for Petitioner.
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
)" }{\fldrslt
William H. Glasko
}}}
\sb200
of Golden Glasko & Associates, P.A., Miami, FL, for Respondent.
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
)" }{\fldrslt
Gerald Barnette Cope, Jr.
}}}
\sb200
of Akerman LLP, Miami, FL;
}
)" }{\fldrslt
Kenneth Bradley Bell
}}}
\sb200
and
}
)" }{\fldrslt
John Wesley Little, III
}}}
\sb200
of Gunster, West Palm Beach, FL; and
}
)" }{\fldrslt
Robert W. Goldman
}}}
\sb200
of Goldman Felcoski & Stone, Naples, FL, for Amicus Curiae The Real Property,
Probate & Trust Law Section of The Florida Bar.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b1 \cf32 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\*\bkmkstart co_opinion_1}{\*\bkmkend co_opinion_1}
Opinion
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\*\bkmkstart co_anchor_Ibc06ca6d1e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}{\*\bkmkend
co_anchor_Ibc06ca6d1e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
)" }{\fldrslt
CANADY
}}}
\sa200
\sb200
, J.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\*\bkmkstart co_anchor_Ibc06ca6f1e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}{\*\bkmkend
co_anchor_Ibc06ca6f1e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
In this case we consider the timeliness of a creditor\rquote s claim against an
estate under Chapter 733, Florida Statutes. In particular, we address whether the
claim of a creditor who is not served with a copy of the notice to creditors but
whose claim is known or reasonably ascertainable is barred under
}
section 733.702(1), Florida Statutes (2006)
}}}
, if not filed within three months after the first publication of the notice to
creditors absent an extension, or whether the claim is timely if filed within
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*243
}
}
two years of the decedent\rquote s death under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710, Florida Statutes (2006)
}}}
. We have for review
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden v. Jones,
}
}
126 So.3d 390, 390 (Fla. 4th DCA 2013)
}}}
, in which the Fourth District Court of Appeal held \u8220\'3fthat if a known or
reasonably ascertainable creditor is never served with a copy of the notice to
creditors, the statute of limitations set forth in
}
section 733.702(1), Florida Statutes
}}}
, never begins to run and the creditor\rquote s claim is timely if it is filed
within two years of the decedent\rquote s death.\u8221\'3f The Fourth District
certified that its decision is in direct conflict with the decisions of the First
and Second District Courts of Appeal in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
}
}
26 So.3d 628 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009)
}}}
, and
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee v. Adams,
}
}
77 So.3d 882 (Fla. 2d DCA 2012)
}}}
, which held that even a reasonably ascertainable creditor who was not served with
a copy of the notice to creditors is required to file a claim within three months
after the first publication of the notice, unless the creditor files a motion for
an extension of time under
}
nfo)#co_pp_d08f0000f5f67" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702(3)
}}}
within the two-year period of repose set forth in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
. We have jurisdiction.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
See
}
}
}
findType=L&pubNum=1000245&cite=FLCNART5S3&originatingDoc=I771759a8687111e5a807ad481
45ed9f1&refType=LQ&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=Doc
umentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf76ad1b1b8*oc.RelatedInf
o)" }{\fldrslt
art. V, \u167\'3f 3(b)(4), Fla. Const
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Because we conclude that the limitations periods prescribed in
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
are not applicable to known or reasonably ascertainable creditors who are never
served with a copy of the notice to creditors and that the claims of such creditors
are timely if filed within two years of the decedent\rquote s death under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
, we approve the decision of the Fourth District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden
}
}
and disapprove the decisions of the First and Second Districts in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
and
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\*\bkmkstart co_anchor_Ibc06ca701e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}{\*\bkmkend
co_anchor_Ibc06ca701e5311e89bf099c0ee06c}
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
I. BACKGROUND
\par
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Harry Jones died in February 2007 and his estate was opened in April 2007. In June
2007, a notice to creditors was published as required by
}
Info)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.2121, Florida Statutes (2006)
}}}
, but neither Harry\rquote s ex-wife, Katherine Jones, nor her guardian
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs16
{\*\bkmkstart co_fnRef_B00112037280986_ID0E3MAE_1}{\*\bkmkend
co_fnRef_B00112037280986_ID0E3MAE_1}
{\field {\*\fldinst HYPERLINK "#co_footnote_B00112037280986_1" }{\fldrslt
1
}}}
}
were ever served with a copy of the notice. In January 2009, however, less than
two years after Harry\rquote s death, the guardian of Katherine Jones filed a
statement of claim in the probate court. The statement of claim asserted that
Harry\rquote s estate owed Katherine money based on a marital settlement agreement
executed in 2002. After Katherine died in 2010, Edward Golden was appointed as the
curator of her estate.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
In 2012, Golden filed in the probate court a \u8220\'3fPetition for Order Declaring
Statement of Claim Timely Filed and/or For Enlargement of Time to File Statement of
Claim, Nunc Pro Tunc.\u8221\'3f Essentially, Golden claimed that Katherine\rquote s
guardianship was a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor of Harry\rquote s
estate. Carol Jones, the personal representative of Harry\rquote s estate and the
Petitioner before this Court, filed a response to Golden\rquote s petition
asserting that Katherine was not a reasonably ascertainable creditor of
Harry\rquote s estate and that her guardian\rquote s claim was time-barred under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
sections 733.702
}}}
and
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
733.710
}}}
. After a hearing on the petition, the probate court entered an order striking the
guardian\rquote s 2009 claim as untimely under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
sections 733.702
}}}
,
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
733.710
}}}
, on the authority of the decisions of the First and Second District Courts in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
and
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
On appeal, Golden argued that because the notice to creditors was not properly
served on Katherine, a known or reasonably
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*244
}
}
ascertainable creditor, the three-month limitations period set forth in
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
never began to run, and the claims of Katherine\rquote s guardianship could only
be barred by the two-year statute of repose in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
. The Fourth District agreed with Golden, concluding that the probate court
erred \u8220\'3fin determining that the claim was untimely without first
determining whether Katherine was a known or reasonably ascertainable
creditor.\u8221\'3f
}
8145ed9f1&refType=RP&fi=co_pp_sp_3926_391&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cbl
76ad1b1b8*oc.RelatedInfo)#co_pp_sp_3926_391" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden,
}
}
126 So.3d at 391, 393\u8211\'3f94
}}}
. The district court reversed and remanded the case to the probate court to
determine whether Katherine or her guardianship was a known or reasonably
ascertainable creditor.
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 394
}}}
. The district court further instructed that if the probate court determined that
Katherine or her guardianship was indeed a known or reasonably ascertainable
creditor, then the \u8220\'3fclaim was timely, as it was filed prior to the earlier
of 30 days after service of notice to creditors (which never occurred) or two years
after the decedent\rquote s death.\u8221\'3f
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 393\u8211\'3f94
}}}
. The Fourth District recognized that the decisions of the First District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee
}
}
and the Second District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
both reached contrary conclusions and certified conflict with those cases.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
II. ANALYSIS
\par
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
[1]
}}}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\*\bkmkstart co_anchor_B12037280986_1}{\*\bkmkend co_anchor_B12037280986_1}
}
}
[2]
}}}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i0 \fs20
}
The question before the Court is one of statutory interpretation, which is subject
to de novo review.
}
8145ed9f1&refType=RP&fi=co_pp_sp_735_289&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt
1.0&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf7
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc. v. Meeks,
}
}
863 So.2d 287, 289 (Fla.2003)
}}}
. In the analysis that follows, we examine the relevant statutes and discuss the
conflicting district court decisions. We then resolve the conflict by approving the
reasoning of the Fourth District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden
}
}
and concluding that claims of known or reasonably ascertainable creditors of an
estate who were not served with a copy of the notice to creditors are timely if
filed within two years of the decedent\rquote s death.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
A. Relevant Statutes
\par
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Three sections of the Florida Probate Code are relevant to our resolution of the
conflict presented.
}
Info)" }{\fldrslt
Section 733.2121
}}}
outlines the duty of a personal representative to publish a notice to creditors of
the pending administration of an estate and to serve a copy of the notice to
creditors on known or reasonably ascertainable creditors. It provides, in relevant
part:
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(1) Unless creditors\rquote claims are otherwise barred by
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
s. 733.710
}}}
, the personal representative shall promptly publish a notice to creditors. The
notice shall contain the name of the decedent, the file number of the estate, the
designation and address of the court in which the proceedings are pending, the name
and address of the personal representative, the name and address of the personal
representative\rquote s attorney, and the date of first publication. The notice
shall state that creditors must file claims against the estate with the court
during the time periods set forth in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
s. 733.702
}}}
, or be forever barred.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(2) Publication shall be once a week for 2 consecutive weeks, in a newspaper
published in the county where the estate is administered or, if there is no
newspaper published in the county, in a newspaper of general circulation in that
county.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(3)(a) The personal representative shall promptly make a diligent search to
determine the names and addresses of creditors of the decedent who are reasonably
ascertainable, even if the claims are unmatured, contingent, or unliquidated, and
shall promptly serve a copy of the notice on those creditors. Impracticable and
extended searches are not required. Service is not required on any creditor who has
filed a claim as
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*245
}
}
provided in this part, whose claim has been paid in full, or whose claim is listed
in a personal representative\rquote s timely filed proof of claim.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
....
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(4) Claims are barred as provided in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
ss. 733.702
}}}
and
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
733.710
}}}
.
}
Info)" }{\fldrslt
\u167\'3f 733.2121, Fla. Stat. (2006)
}}}
;
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
see also
}
}
}
findType=L&pubNum=1005176&cite=FLSPBR5.241&originatingDoc=I771759a8687111e5a807ad48
145ed9f1&refType=LQ&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=Do
cumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf76ad1b1b8*oc.RelatedIn
fo)" }{\fldrslt
Fla. Prob. R. 5.241(a)
}}}
(\u8220\'3f[T]he personal representative shall promptly publish a notice to
creditors and serve a copy of the notice on all creditors of the decedent who are
reasonably ascertainable.\u8221\'3f).
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Section 773.702 provides, in relevant part:
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(1) [N]o claim or demand against the decedent\rquote s estate ... is binding on the
estate ... unless filed in the probate proceeding on or before the later of the
date that is 3 months after the time of the first publication of the notice to
creditors or,
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
as to any creditor required to be served with a copy of the notice to creditors, 30
days after the date of service on the creditor
}
}
....
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
....
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(3) Any claim not timely filed as provided in this section is barred even though no
objection to the claim is filed unless the court extends the time in which the
claim may be filed. An extension may be granted only upon grounds of fraud,
estoppel, or insufficient notice of the claims period.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
....
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(6) Nothing in this section shall extend the limitations period set forth in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
s. 733.710
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
\u167\'3f 733.702, Fla. Stat. (2006)
}}}
\sb200
(emphasis added).
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
Section 733.710
}}}
provides, in relevant part:
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of the code, 2 years after the death of a
person, neither the decedent\rquote s estate, the personal representative, if any,
nor the beneficiaries shall be liable for any claim or cause of action against the
decedent, whether or not letters of administration have been issued, except as
provided in this section.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
(2) This section shall not apply to a creditor who has filed a claim pursuant to
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
s. 733.702
}}}
within 2 years after the person\rquote s death, and whose claim has not been paid
or otherwise disposed of pursuant to s. 733.705.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
\u167\'3f 733.710, Fla. Stat. (2006)
}}}
\sb200
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
We have held that
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
is a statute of limitations and that
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
is a jurisdictional statute of nonclaim, which cannot be waived or extended.
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
May v. Illinois Nat. Ins. Co.,
}
}
771 So.2d 1143, 1150 (Fla.2000)
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
B.
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
and
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee
\par
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
In
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau,
}
}
the personal representative of the decedent\rquote s estate published a notice to
creditors in a newspaper in March 2008, informing possible creditors of the estate
that they had three months from the date of the first publication in which to file
any claims outstanding against the estate.
}
26 So.3d at 629
}}}
. In April 2009, Morgenthau filed a statement of claim alleging that he was the
holder of an outstanding note executed by the decedent and that the personal
representative was aware of the amount due to Morgenthau.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
The probate court struck the claim as untimely because it was not filed within
three months of the first publication of the notice to creditors.
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 629\u8211\'3f30
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
On appeal, the First District found that even if Morgenthau was a known or
reasonably ascertainable creditor of the estate who was therefore entitled to
receive actual notice by service, because he was not served with a copy of the
notice, he was required to file his claim within the three-month window following
the first publication
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*246
}
}
of the notice.
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 632
}}}
(\u8220\'3f[T]he claim was untimely as appellant did not receive actual notice of
the claim and was, thus, a creditor who fell in the three month filing window
following publication.\u8221\'3f). The district court stated that once
Morgenthau\rquote s claim fell outside the three-month window, it could only be
considered if Morgenthau had requested and been granted an extension of time by the
probate court.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
Because Morgenthau filed only a statement of claim and did not seek an extension
of time in which to file that claim, the district court concluded that
\u8220\'3fthe probate court was bound by the relevant statutes to deny the
claim.\u8221\'3f
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
In
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee,
}
}
the decedent died in December 2006, and the notice to creditors was first
published in November 2007.
}
77 So.3d at 883
}}}
. More than one year after the first publication, Lubee filed a statement of claim
in the probate court.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
Lubee asserted that because he was a readily ascertainable creditor entitled to be
served with a copy of the notice to creditors, he was only required to file his
claim within thirty days after service of the notice under
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
or within two years of the decedent\rquote s death under section 733.10. According
to Lubee, because he was never served with a copy of the notice to creditors, his
claim was timely filed within two years of the decedent\rquote s death.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
The Second District disagreed and concluded that Lubee\rquote s claim was untimely
because it was filed outside of the three-month window. The Second District
concluded that whether Lubee was a reasonably ascertainable creditor or not was
immaterial. The court explained:
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri800 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li1000
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri800 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li1000
Because a notice to creditors was published on November 16, 2007, creditors not
entitled to actual notice were required to file their claims on or before February
16, 2008.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
See
}
}
}
\u167\'3f 733.702(1)
}}}
. Creditors who were served with the notice to creditors were required to file
their claims within thirty days following service.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
See id. Because he was not served with a copy of the notice to creditors,
}
}
Mr. Lubee was required to file his claim in the probate proceeding within the
three-month window following publication. Alternatively, Mr. Lubee could seek an
extension from the probate court pursuant to
}
section 733.702(3)
}}}
within the two-year window of
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
.
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
See
}
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau v. Estate of Andzel,
}
}
26 So.3d 628, 632 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009)
}}}
;
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
cf.
}
}
8145ed9f1&refType=RP&fi=co_pp_sp_735_449&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt
1.0&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf7
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Miller v. Estate of Baer,
}
}
837 So.2d 448, 449 (Fla. 4th DCA 2002)
}}}
(affirming order enforcing claim against estate where creditor failed to file
claim within three-month window of
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
but did file motion for extension of time within two-year window of
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
). It is undisputed that he did neither. Mr. Lubee\rquote s filing of his claim in
the probate proceeding within two years of the decedent\rquote s death did not
amount to a request for an extension of time and did not otherwise comply with the
requirements of
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
. Mr. Lubee\rquote s claim in the probate proceeding was untimely and therefore
barred. As a result, the issue of whether or not Mr. Lubee was a readily
ascertainable creditor was immaterial[.]
\par
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 883\u8211\'3f84 (emphasis added).
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
In
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden,
}
}
the Fourth District rejected the analyses in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
and
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee,
}
}
finding the decisions inconsistent with the plain language of
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
, which allows a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor to file a claim against
an estate \u8220\'3fon or before the
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
later
}
}
of the date that is 3 months after the time of the first publication of the notice
to creditors or ... 30 days after the date of service on the creditor.\u8221\'3f
The court instead followed Fourth District precedent established in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
In re Estate
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*247
}
}
of Puzzo,
}
}
637 So.2d 26 (Fla. 4th DCA 1994)
}}}
, in which the court stated:
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
Due process considerations require that Appellants be furnished notice so that they
can determine that the time for filing claims has commenced. However, regardless of
whether or not the claimants had actual notice,
}
section 733.702(1), Florida Statutes
}}}
, does not bar the claim of a creditor required to be served with a copy of the
notice of administration, unless barred by
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
, until the
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
later
}
}
of the 3\u8211\'3fmonth period following publication or
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
30 days after service of notice on the creditor.
}
}
The latter period had not begun to run at the time Appellants\rquote claims were
filed.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
We remand for the trial court to determine as to which of Appellant[s\rquote ]
claims they were known or ascertainable creditors. Any such claims, though filed
after the 3\u8211\'3fmonth period, should not have been stricken as untimely if
filed prior to the earlier of 30 days after service of notice of administration or
2 years after the decedent\rquote s death.
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden,
}
}
126 So.3d at 392
}}}
\sb200
(alteration in original) (quoting
}
8145ed9f1&refType=RP&fi=co_pp_sp_735_27&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1
.0&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf76
ad1b1b8*oc.RelatedInfo)#co_pp_sp_735_27" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Puzzo,
}
}
637 So.2d at 27
}}}
\sb200
).
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
The Fourth District concluded that the probate court should have determined whether
Katherine or her guardianship was a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor
prior to determining the timeliness of her guardian\rquote s claim, and if she or
the guardianship was a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor, then the
claim \u8220\'3fthough filed after the 3\u8211\'3fmonth period, should not have
been stricken as untimely if filed prior to the earlier of 30 days after service of
notice of administration or 2 years after the decedent\rquote s death.\u8221\'3f
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
(quoting
}
8145ed9f1&refType=RP&fi=co_pp_sp_735_27&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1
.0&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Folder*cid.e18a5a8d4157486cbb6f5bf76
ad1b1b8*oc.RelatedInfo)#co_pp_sp_735_27" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Puzzo,
}
}
637 So.2d at 27
}}}
).
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
C. Resolving the Conflict
\par
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
[3]
}}}
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i0 \fs20
}
}
Section 733.702(1), Florida Statutes
}}}
, provides two distinct and different limitations periods for the filing of claims
against an estate: one for creditors \u8220\'3frequired to be served with a copy of
the notice to creditors,\u8221\'3f i.e., known or reasonably ascertainable
creditors, and a second for unknown and not reasonably ascertainable creditors
(hereinafter \u8220\'3funknown creditors\u8221\'3f). The limitations period
applicable to unknown creditors, set forth in
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
, begins to run upon publication of the notice to creditors and ends three months
after the date of the first publication.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Creditors who are known or reasonably ascertainable need not rely on publication
for notice of the pending administration of an estate.
}
48145ed9f1&refType=SP&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=
Info)#co_pp_b84a0000fd100" }{\fldrslt
Section 733.2121(3)(a)
}}}
requires a personal representative to \u8220\'3fpromptly serve a copy of the
notice\u8221\'3f on those creditors who are known or reasonably ascertainable after
a diligent search. The limitations period applicable to known or reasonably
ascertainable creditors does not begin to run until service is perfected. Once
served with a copy of the notice, a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor must
file any claim within the later of \u8220\'3f3 months after the time of the first
publication of the notice to creditors or ... 30 days after the date of service on
the creditor....\u8221\'3f
}
\u167\'3f 733.702(1), Fla. Stat
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Under the plain language of
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
, where a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor is never served with a copy of
the notice to creditors, the applicable limitations period never begins to run and
cannot bar that creditor\rquote s claim. \u8220\'3f[A]s to any creditor required to
be served with a copy of the notice to creditors,\u8221\'3f the limitations period
can only be triggered by \u8220\'3fservice on the creditor\u8221\'3f of the
required notice.
}
\u167\'3f 733.702(1), Fla. Stat
}}}
. A known or reasonably ascertainable creditor is absolved from the limitations of
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
by virtue of the fact that the personal representative failed to serve the
creditor with the required notice. The
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*248
}
}
only instance in which a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor is required to
file any claims before the expiration of the three-month window after publication
of the notice is where the last day of the three-month window occurs more than
thirty days after service of the required notice.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
Accordingly, if a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor is not served with a
copy of the notice,
}
section 733.702(1)
}}}
does not govern the timeliness of that creditor\rquote s claims. Instead, the
claims of such a creditor are only barred if not filed within the two-year period
of repose set forth in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
. Thus, the claim of a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor who was never
served with a copy of the notice to creditors is timely if filed within two years
of the decedent\rquote s death. Further, because the limitations periods in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
are inapplicable under such circumstances, it is not necessary for the creditor to
seek an extension of time under
}
section 733.702(3)
}}}
since that section applies only to claims that are untimely under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
The decision of the First District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
\u8212\'3fon which the Second District relied in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee
}
}
\u8212\'3fis based on a misinterpretation of the limitations provisions in section
773.702(1).
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs16
{\*\bkmkstart co_fnRef_B00222037280986_ID0EW6AG_1}{\*\bkmkend
co_fnRef_B00222037280986_ID0EW6AG_1}
{\field {\*\fldinst HYPERLINK "#co_footnote_B00222037280986_1" }{\fldrslt
2
}}}
}
The First District interpreted that section in the following manner:
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
Section 773.702(1) mandates a claim is
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
untimely if it is filed either
}
}
(1) outside the three month window following publication to creditors or (2) filed
outside the 30 day window for responding to a notice of claim if the creditor is a
readily ascertainable creditor of the estate entitled to actual notice of the
claim.
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li200
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau,
}
}
26 So.3d at 630
}}}
(emphasis added). Stated differently,
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau
}
}
requires that to be timely, a claim must be filed both within the three-month
window after publication and within the thirty-day window after service of a copy
of the notice. But that\rquote s not what the statute says. As explained above, the
plain language of
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
specifies that as to a known or reasonably ascertainable creditor, a claim is
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
timely
}
}
if \u8220\'3ffiled in the probate proceeding on or before the
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
later
}
}
of the date that is 3 months after the time of the first publication of the notice
to creditors or, as to any creditor required to be served with a copy of the notice
to creditors, 30 days after the date of service on the creditor.\u8221\'3f
}
\u167\'3f 733.702(1), Fla. Stat
}}}
. (emphasis added).
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
The interpretation adopted in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden
}
}
is in accord with the plain terms of the statute. And it is also in accord with
the requirements of due process. In
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Tulsa Professional Collection Services, Inc. v. Pope,
}
}
485 U.S. 478, 489\u8211\'3f91, 108 S.Ct. 1340, 99 L.Ed.2d 565 (1988)
}}}
, the United States Supreme Court held that where a creditor is known or reasonably
ascertainable, that creditor\rquote s claim may not be barred merely by publication
of the notice to creditors. Noting that a claim against an estate is property
subject to protection by the Fourteenth Amendment, the Supreme Court weighed the
important state interests in regulating the timeliness of creditors\rquote claims
against the rights of those creditors to have their intangible interests in
property protected by the Fourteenth Amendment.
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 485, 108 S.Ct. 1340
}}}
. The Supreme Court determined that where a time bar is self-
executing\u8212\'3fsuch as the two-year statute of repose in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
\u8212\'3fthere is insufficient state action to implicate the Due Process Clause of
the Fourteenth Amendment.
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 485\u8211\'3f87, 108 S.Ct. 1340
}}}
. However, where a time bar is triggered by legal proceedings\u8212\'3f
}
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
*249
}
}
such as the limitations periods in
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.702
}}}
\u8212\'3fthere
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
is
}
}
sufficient state action to implicate the Due Process Clause.
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 487\u8211\'3f88, 108 S.Ct. 1340
}}}
. The Court thus concluded that where there is sufficient state action and a
creditor is \u8220\'3fknown or \u8216\'3freasonably ascertainable,\u8217\'3f then
the Due Process Clause requires that [the creditor] be given \u8216\'3f[n]otice by
mail or other means as certain to ensure actual notice.\u8217\'3f \u8221\'3f
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Id.
}
}
at 491, 108 S.Ct. 1340
}}}
(quoting
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
{\b0 \cf5 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Mennonite Bd. of Missions v. Adams,
}
}
462 U.S. 791, 800, 103 S.Ct. 2706, 77 L.Ed.2d 180 (1983)
}}}
).
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
A personal representative is therefore constitutionally obligated to provide actual
notice to known or reasonably ascertainable creditors and if the personal
representative fails to provide that notice, the creditors\rquote claims cannot be
barred except under
}
nfo)" }{\fldrslt
section 733.710
}}}
. The Fourth District\rquote s decision in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden
}
}
properly recognizes the duty of the personal representative to provide notice to
known and reasonably ascertainable creditors and the requirement of actual notice
to satisfy due process as to those creditors
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
\par
{\b0 \qc \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
{\b1 \cf1 \f2 \i0 \fs20
III. CONCLUSION
\par
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
For the reasons explained above, we conclude that claims of known or reasonably
ascertainable creditors of an estate who were not served with a copy of the notice
to creditors are timely if filed within two years of the decedent\rquote s death.
Accordingly, we approve the decision of the Fourth District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Golden
}
}
and disapprove the decisions of the First District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Lubee
}
}
and the Second District in
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \i1 \fs20
Morgenthau.
\par
}
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
It is so ordered.
\par
}
}
}
\u160\'3f
\par
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
)" }{\fldrslt
LABARGA
}}}
\sb200
, C.J., and
}
)" }{\fldrslt
PARIENTE
}}}
\sb200
,
}
)" }{\fldrslt
LEWIS
}}}
\sb200
,
}
)" }{\fldrslt
QUINCE
}}}
\sb200
,
}
)" }{\fldrslt
POLSTON
}}}
\sb200
, and
}
)" }{\fldrslt
PERRY
}}}
\sb200
, JJ., concur.
\par
}
}
}
}
}
}
{\b0 \cf1 \f2 \ri0 \i0 \qj \fs20 \li0
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{\*\bkmkstart co_allCitations_1}{\*\bkmkend co_allCitations_1}
All Citations
\par
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176 So.3d 242, 40 Fla. L. Weekly S517
\par
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In 2008, a guardian was court appointed for Katherine Jones because she was
adjudicated to lack capacity.
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The
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Morgenthau
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court\rquote s analysis may also have been hampered by the fact that Morgenthau
conceded that his claim was \u8220\'3funtimely.\u8221\'3f
}
{\b0 \cf5 \f4 \i1 \fs18
Morgenthau,
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26 So.3d at 630
.
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End of Document
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\u169\'3f 2019 Thomson Reuters. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.
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