AIRPORT LAYOUT

WHAT IS AN AIRPORT

 An airport is a facility where passengers connect from ground

transportation to air transportation

 It is a location where aircraft such as airplanes, helicopters take

off and land.

 Aircraft may also be stored or maintained at an airport.

TYPICAL LAYOUT OF AIRPORT
TYPICAL LAYOUT OF AIRPORT (GATWICK
AIRPORT LONDON)
IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF AN AIRPORT LAYOUT

Runway

Terminal Building

Apron

Taxiway

Aircraft stand

Hanger

Control tower

Parking
 TERMINAL BUILDING

 Terminal building is the main

building where passengers
embark and disembark
aircrafts.

 Embark = go on boarding an
aircraft.

 Terminals are the front door to

the airport and serves as the
public interface between the
airside and landside elements.
 FACILITIES IN TERMINAL BUILDING

 Ticket counters  Baggage claim

 Baggage check-in  Passenger lounges

 Gate check-in  Passenger service areas –

wash rooms, public telephone,
 In coming and outgoing
internet access
customs
 Concessions – restaurant, bar
 Immigration control and duty free shop.
 Security check areas  Walkways and sky-bridges or
trams.
FACILITIES IN TERMINAL BUILDING
 APRONS

 Apron :The area where the aircraft is parked .

 Its also called ramps
APRONS
APRONS
 APRONS

 It is the paved area to accommodate aircrafts for loading and

unloading of cargo and passengers, parking, refueling, etc.

 Usually paved and located in front of the building or adjacent

to hangers.

 Holding bays are also known as holding aprons, they are

provided at busy airports near the runways.

 They hold planes before its takeoff to wait till the runway is
cleared.
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 SIZE OF APRONS

 It Size of aprons depends upon

 A) Size of loading area (Gate position)

 B) Number of gate positions

 C) Aircraft parking system

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 SIZE OF APRONS

A) Size of loading area (Gate position)

a. Depends on size of aircraft and minimum turning radius

b. Manner in which aircraft leaves or enter the gate

position

c. Aircraft parking configuration- least interference due

heat, fumes and blast during maneuvering into and out
of gate position

i. Nose-in & Angled nose-in

ii. Nose- out & Angled nose-out

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iii. Parallel system
SIZE OF APRONS

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 SIZE OF APRONS

B) Number of gate positions depends on

 Peak hourly aircraft movements

 Time during which aircraft remains in gate position

 Number of gate positions= Capacity of runway x Average

gate occupancy time/120

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 SIZE OF APRONS

C) Aircraft Parking System

1. Frontal system

2. Open Apron System

3. Finger System

4. Satellite system

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SIZE OF APRONS
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SIZE OF APRONS
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 SIZE OF APRONS

C) Aircraft Parking System

1. Frontal system- Small Airport requiring few gate positions

2. Open Apron System- Aircrafts are parked in row.

3. Finger System- Adequate protection to passengers from fumes,

weather, noise, etc. Future expansion, aircrafts remain close to
terminal building

4. Satellite system- Satellites are small building on apron

connected to main terminal building by underground tunnel 22
TYPES OF APRONS

 Terminal Apron.

 Cargo Apron.

 Parking Apron.

 Service and Hanger Apron.

 General Aviation Apron.

 Other Ground Servicing Apron.

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TERMINAL APRON

 The area designed for aircraft maneuvering and parking adjacent

to passengers terminal facilities.

 From terminal apron, passengers board the aircraft.

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TERMINAL APRONS
TERMINAL APRONS
 CARGO APRON

 Aircrafts that carry only cargos may be provided a separate

cargo apron adjacent to cargo terminal building.

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 PARKING APRON

 Parking apron is the apron where aircrafts can be parked for a

specific period of time.

 It may be used for light periodic servicing and maintenance.

 Parking aprons are located as close to the terminal apron as

possible

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PARKING APRON

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 SERVICE AND HANGER APRONS

 It is an apron where maintenance and repairing of an aircraft is

carried out under a hanger.

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 GENERAL AVIATION APRON

 General aviation aircrafts, used for business or private flying which

requires several categories of aprons to support different general
aviation activities.

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 HANGER

 A hangar is a closed building structure to hold aircraft, spacecraft or

military tanks.

 Hangars are built of metal, but other materials such as wood and
concrete are also used.

 Hangars are used for: protection from the weather, protection from
direct sunlight, maintenance, repair, manufacture, assembly and storage
of aircraft on airfields.

 There are two types of service and storage hangars.

HANGER
HANGARS

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1. NOSE HANGARS (ARRANGEMENT)

 Provided for large size aircrafts.

 They enclose only the forward portion of the aircraft and major
portion will remain exposed.

 Such a design provides comfortable working conditions for

servicing.

 It is also very economical.

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NOSE HANGAR
2. T-HANGARS (ARRANGEMENT)

 Provided with small sized aircrafts.

 It is designed so that the pilot can maneuver the aircraft in and out
without any assistance.

 The area should be large enough to accommodate different types

of aircraft.

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T-HANGAR

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 TAXIWAY

 Taxi way is a path on an airport connecting runways with ramps,

hangars, terminals and other facilities.
 AIRCRAFT STAND

 A portion of an apron designated as a taxiway and intended to

provide access to aircraft stands only.
 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER

 A tower where in Air traffic is controlled

 Small and medium airports have only 1 tower, Large Airports

have more number of towers

 Radios, telephones, flight progress strip, wind and pressure

gauges etc.
AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER