Foundations of Mental Health Care 4e by Morrison-Valfre Test Bank

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Foundations of Mental Health Care 4e by Morrison-Valfre Test Bank
Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 4th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 6: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes an allopathic method of treatment for a client with a
diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder?
a. Massage therapy for relaxation
b. Herb and dietary supplements that promote relaxation

c. Antianxiety medications to decrease anxiety levels
d. Incorporation of body, mind, and spirit to decrease anxiety levels
ANS: C
Allopathic refers to the use of medical and surgical methods of treatment and focuses on fixing
the problem. Massage therapy is considered a form of complementary medicine in that it can be
used along with common medical (allopathic) treatments. Herb and dietary supplements are
classified as alternative medicine treatments that often are used instead of allopathic medicine
methods. Use of mind, body, and spirit describes holistic care.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 52 OBJ: N/A
TOP: Allopathic Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. For a client with a sleep disorder, which CAM therapy could be used safely without interference
with any allopathic methods of treatment?
a. Progressive relaxation
b. Dietary supplements
c. Herbal supplements
d. Aromatherapy
ANS: A
Progressive relaxation is noninvasive in that it uses deep breathing and conscious muscle
relaxation and therefore would not interfere with allopathic methods of treatment. Dietary and
herbal supplements can interfere with other medications (allopathic therapy) that may be taken
by this client. Aromatherapy could interfere with this client’s allopathic treatment if he is being
treated for allergies.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 58 OBJ: 8
TOP: CAM Approaches to Mental Health Care
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
3. A female client would like to use biofield therapy for her addiction to nicotine. Which form of
therapy would she most likely choose?
a. Aromatherapy
b. Acupuncture
c. Nicotine patches
d. Group therapy
ANS: B
Acupuncture is a form of biofield therapy, which is a form of energy medicine. Aromatherapy is

a CAM that is a biologically based practice. Nicotine patches would be considered allopathic,
and group therapy is socioculturally based therapy.
TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

4. A male client, home from military combat duty, is given the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) and is unable to discuss previous painful experiences and emotions. Which
mind-body–based therapy could help to decrease his stress and emotional pain?
a. Massage
b. Phototherapy
c. Eye movement desensitization
d. Hypnosis
ANS: D
Hypnosis is a mind-body therapy that falls under the category of energy-based CAM. Massage
and phototherapy are body-based practices. Eye movement desensitization is used to treat PTSD,
but it is a body-based practice rather than a mind-body–based practice.
TOP: Mind-Body Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step:

Assessment
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
5. A male client experiences a phobia of enclosed spaces (claustrophobia) and is seeking an

energy-based therapy that he can practice and initiate on his own when he experiences
symptoms. Which therapy will the nurse recommend?
a. Music and sound therapy
b. Relaxation and visualization
c. Hypnosis therapy
d. Spiritual healing
ANS: B
Although all of these therapies are considered energy-based, the one that would be best suited for
these circumstances is relaxation and visualization. The other choices would be difficult to
initiate in a claustrophobic situation.
TOP: Mind-Body Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
6. Which theory best describes energy medicine?
a. There is a harmony within the body, nature, and the world.
b. The body has a natural ability to heal itself.
c. There is a vital, life-force energy that flows through an individual’s body.
d. The mind and spirit affect body functions and influence illness.
ANS: C
Energy medicine is best described as the belief that there is a vital energy that flows through an
individual’s body. The theory that there is harmony within the body, nature, and the world
describes holistic care. The theory that the body has a natural ability to heal itself describes
body-based CAM therapies, and mind-body medicine followers believe that the mind and spirit
affect body functions and influence illness.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 57 OBJ: 7
TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment

7. A female client is receiving therapy for severe depression that consists of repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation. This form of therapy is considered to be:
a. Energy medicine
b. Illegal according to FDA regulations
c. A form of expressive therapy
d. A biofield therapy
ANS: A
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a form of energy medicine in the category of

electromagnetic field therapies. This therapy is not considered to be illegal. Expressive therapy is
the use of creative activities such as dance and music to express emotions, and biofield therapy is
another form of energy medicine.
TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
8. A 10-year-old male client with autism experiences loneliness and social anxiety as a result of his
disease. Which CAM therapy will the nurse suggest to help this client most with these feelings?
a. Yoga
b. Acupuncture
c. Music and dance therapy

d. Animal-assisted therapy
ANS: D
Animal-assisted therapy has been found to help children with autism who suffer from loneliness
and social anxiety because the animal, such as a specially trained dog, is a companion for the
child, and socialization is promoted during work with the trainers. This child is most likely too
young to benefit from yoga, acupuncture could possibly frighten this child, and music and dance
may increase his social anxiety.
TOP: CAM Mental Health Therapies KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
9. Which of the following individuals would most likely benefit from joining a self-help group?
a. 32-year-old female rape victim
b. 25-year-old male experiencing paranoid schizophrenia
c. 16-year-old male in detox for crack addiction
d. 8-year-old female with autism
ANS: A
Self-help groups aid in providing support to individuals who are experiencing or have
experienced similar problems, and meetings typically are facilitated by a person who has shared
the experience; therefore, the 32-year-old rape victim would be the most likely to benefit from
this type of group. The individual with paranoid schizophrenia may benefit at some point, but not
while experiencing the paranoia. During the detoxification phase, an individual is not prepared to
sit in on self-help therapy. An 8-year-old girl with autism would not likely benefit from what a
self-help group offers.
TOP: CAM Mental Health Therapies KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
10. A 70-year-old male client tells the nurse that he is using chelation therapy to prevent
Alzheimer’s disease. Which adverse effect is the client most likely to experience?
a. Allergic reactions
b. Low potassium levels
c. Elevated blood glucose levels
d. Interactions with other medications
ANS: B
Although adverse effects of CAM therapy cannot be predicted in any individual, the most likely
adverse effect of chelation therapy is a low potassium level because EDTA binds with heavy
metals, causing potassium depletion. This therapy is controversial, and its effectiveness has not
been proved scientifically.
TOP: Adverse Effects KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

11. A male client of Indian origin practices meditation and yoga, uses herbs and follows specific diet
practices, and practices controlled breathing and exposure to sunlight. Which type of CAM
therapy is this individual practicing?
a. Traditional Chinese medicine
b. Homeopathy
c. Ayurveda
d. Reiki
ANS: C
Ayurveda is a body-based CAM therapy that often is practiced by Indian cultures with a central
focus on being knowledgeable of how to live. Homeopathy and traditional Chinese medicine also
are body-based CAM therapies, but they do not have the same practices as Ayurveda. Reiki is an
energy-based CAM therapy that often is practiced by Asian cultures.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 53 | Page 54
OBJ: 4 TOP: Whole Medical Systems
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
12. What is the main function of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
(NCCAM)?
a. To seek scientific validation of and be a resource for the public for CAM therapies
b. To investigate and develop new CAM therapies
c. To produce a monthly newsletter on new CAM therapies
d. To monitor the production of dietary and herbal supplements used in CAM therapies
ANS: A
The function of the NCCAM is to seek scientific validation of and be a resource for the public
for CAM therapies. The other options are not representative of the functions of NCCAM.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 53 OBJ: 3
TOP: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Health Maintenance and
Promotion
13. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not impose the same guidelines on __________
as it does on prescription drugs.
a. Chiropractic treatment
b. Dietary supplements
c. Homeopathic treatments
d. Hypnotic therapy
ANS: B
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA) addresses dietary
supplements but does not include the same guidelines that govern prescription drugs. Guidelines
are less stringent for dietary supplements; therefore, the safety of use of these products with
prescription drugs is one of the concerns associated with such supplements. Dietary supplements
include, but are not limited to, vitamins, minerals, and herbs. The FDA does not govern
chiropractic treatment, homeopathic treatment, or hypnotic therapy.

TOP: Biologically Based Practices KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
14. A 45-year-old male client uses a treatment method that focuses on the relationship between an
individual’s body structure and its function. This mode of treatment is:
a. Naturopathic
b. Homeopathic
c. Chiropractic
d. Acupuncture
ANS: C
Chiropractors use manipulation therapy of the spine to improve the relationship of the body
structure (spine) to its function, which is thought to aid the body in healing various conditions,
such as migraine headache. Naturopathic therapy, homeopathic therapy, and acupuncture do not
have this focus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 55 OBJ: N/A
TOP: Body-Based Practices KEY: Nursing Process Step:

Intervention
15. Massage therapy manipulates muscles and connective tissue and has been found to be very
successful as a CAM method in the treatment of which disorder(s)?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. PTSD and OCD
d. Depression and anxiety
ANS: D
Massage therapy has been frequently reported to assist in the relaxation of clients with a
diagnosis of depression and anxiety disorder. No documentation of massage therapy for
schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or PTSD and OCD is available.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 55 OBJ: N/A

Implementation
16. Which type of therapy has yielded positive results for psychological functioning and is
considered one of the safest treatment modalities?
a. Mind-body medicine
b. Chiropractic treatment
c. Dietary supplements
d. Herbal therapy
ANS: A
Mind-body medicine has been found to be effective in improving psychological functioning and
includes treatments such as music and dance therapy, expressive therapy, and meditation; these
treatments are considered safe because they are noninvasive. Chiropractic treatment is more
invasive in that it involves spinal manipulation. Dietary and herbal supplements also are more
invasive treatments because they can interfere with traditional medicines and may produce
reactions and alterations in body systems.
TOP: Mind-Body Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step:

Assessment
17. A therapy that once was denounced by the scientific community but now is being used to treat
successfully victims of the events of 9/11, Hurricane Katrina, and the South Asian tsunami of
2004 and that helps the rational left side of the brain bond with a traumatic memory from the
emotional right side of the brain is known as:
a. Hypnosis therapy
b. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
c. Shiatsu
d. Doshas
ANS: B
EMDR is thought to help clients who have experienced a horrific trauma to process the event so
they can deal with their emotions. The other therapies are not being used widely for treatment
following these events.

Intervention

18. Clients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have been found to respond well to therapy
in which they are taught to use signals from special equipment that monitors body functions,
such as respiratory and pulse rates, to control their own responses. What is this therapy called?
a. Qi Gong
b. Reiki
c. Biofeedback
d. Acupuncture
ANS: C
Biofeedback encourages clients to use their thoughts to control their body’s responses to certain
stimuli. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is only one example of disorders that respond
well to biofeedback. Qi Gong, Reiki, and acupuncture represent other types of energy medicine.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 57 | Page 58
OBJ: 7 TOP: Energy Medicine
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
19. __________ is a form of therapy that has been used for over 2000 years to successfully treat
clients with drug addiction; it is believed to restore the energy balance in the body and to
stimulate the release of certain neurotransmitters and hormones.
a. Yoga
b. Meditation
c. Therapeutic touch
d. Acupuncture
ANS: D
Acupuncture is of Oriental origin and has been used for over 2000 years. Treatment involves
inserting fine needles into the skin at specific points along the body. It has been found to be
successful as adjunctive therapy for drug addiction. Yoga, meditation, and therapeutic touch are
also forms of energy medicine, but they are more focused on relaxation and on understanding of
the inner self.
20. Color therapy has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of:
a. Seasonal affective disorder
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Drug addiction
d. Generalized anxiety disorder
ANS: A
Color therapy involves the use of high-intensity light therapy and is highly effective in
improving the symptoms of seasonal affective disorder. Color therapy is not an effective therapy
for bipolar disorder, drug addiction, or generalized anxiety disorder.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which treatments are used in biologically based practice? Select all that apply.
a. Dietary supplements
b. Aromatherapy
c. Herbal supplements
d. EDTA
ANS: A, B, C
Dietary supplements, aromatherapy, and herbal supplements fit the category of biologically
based practice. EDTA is a chemical that is thought to be synthesized by its proponents and is
used to treat several health problems, such as atherosclerosis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 54 | Page 55
OBJ: 5 TOP: Biologically Based Practices
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
2. Which of the following principles best describes the beliefs of naturopathic practitioners? Select
all that apply.
a. Treatment of the whole person should occur.
b. Prevention of diseases/disorders is a key concept.
c. The doctor is the teacher.
d. Use of wavelengths is beneficial for client treatment.
ANS: A, B, C
In naturopathy, treatment of the whole person should occur, prevention of disease is a key
concept, and the doctor is the teacher. Some of the treatments used in naturopathic medicine
include acupuncture, colonic irrigation, hydrotherapy, and counseling. Use of wavelengths is part
of energy-based therapy.
TOP: Whole Medical Systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
3. Self-help groups provide support to individuals who are dealing with or who have had similar
experiences. Which of the following are characteristics of self-help groups? Select all that apply.
a. Groups are informal, nonprofit, and free of charge
b. Membership requires referral from a physician or counselor
c. Meetings are facilitated by trained counselors
d. Groups provide support, education, and encouragement to members
e. Groups benefit individuals who are dealing with life-altering events such as addiction.
ANS: A, D, E
Self-help groups are informal, nonprofit, and free of charge; provide support, education, and
encouragement to members; and benefit individuals who are dealing with life-altering events.
Membership is voluntary, and meetings usually are facilitated by a survivor or someone with
experiences similar to those of the group.
TOP: CAM Mental Health Therapies KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
COMPLETION
1. CAM therapy is an acronym for __________.
ANS:
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
This therapy comprises two basic groups: body-based CAM and energy-based CAM. It is
important for health care providers to be familiar with CAM therapies so they can incorporate
these into the plan of care when appropriate or necessary.
TOP: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
2. New approaches to mental health care that include telemedicine, telephone counseling, and
radio psychiatry are known as _______________ approaches.
ANS:
Technology-based
Technology-based approaches are increasing because of factors such as ease of accessibility for a
wide range of people, a greater number of people seeking CAM approaches to mental health
care, and increased use of the Internet.
TOP: Technology-Based CAM Applications
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 4th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 7: Psychotherapeutic Drug Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Psychotherapeutic drug therapy works primarily by:
a. Causing vasodilatation within the nervous system
b. Disrupting blood flow within the brain
c. Opening major nerve pathways within the brain
d. Altering chemical balances within the nervous system

ANS: D
Chemical balances in the nervous system are altered by blocking, rather than opening, major
nerve pathways through interruption of neurotransmitter pathways. Psychotherapeutic drugs do
not treat psychiatric disorders by affecting the circulatory system or the nervous system.
TOP: How Psychotherapeutic Drug Therapy Works
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. During client teaching, the nurse must inform the client prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant
(TCA) to not expect to see a difference in mood or anxiety level for up to:
a. 1 week
b. 2 to 3 weeks
c. 4 to 5 weeks
d. 6 weeks
ANS: B
It is important that the client understand that TCAs typically take 2 to 3 weeks to take effect so
he will not become discouraged when he does not see immediate results.
TOP: Antidepressant Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention

3. A male client with the diagnosis of depression is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
Which is the most important teaching point the nurse must include in his care plan?
a. Avoid foods high in sodium content
b. Avoid alcoholic beverages
c. Ensure that protein intake is 60 g per day
d. Take a potassium supplement
ANS: B
This client should be given a list of foods and beverages that are restricted when taking MAOIs,
such as some alcoholic beverages, sausage and bologna, and some cheeses. Sodium, protein, and
potassium are not factors when MAOIs are taken.
TOP: Antidepressant Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
4. A female client is 3 days postoperative and has been receiving meperidine (Demerol) for pain
control. The family mentions to the nurse that the client has been taking phenelzine (Nardil) for
years for her depression. The client did not list this medication on admission. What signs and
symptoms should the nurse look for in case of reaction between these two medications?
a. Increased pulse and respirations
b. Hyperactivity and difficulty concentrating
c. Increased tearing and increased urinary output

d. Sedation, disorientation, and hallucinations
ANS: D
Nardil is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor; therefore, symptoms of CNS depression such as

sedation, disorientation, and hallucinations, rather than increased vital signs, hyperactivity and
difficulty concentrating, and increased tearing and urination, most likely would occur as a
reaction between these two medications.
TOP: Antidepressant Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
5. One of the major disadvantages of benzodiazepines prescribed for anxiety is that these
medications:
a. Take 4 to 6 weeks before onset of action occurs
b. Cause dependency with long-term use
c. Often cause serious side effects
d. Are new to the market with little research
ANS: B
One of the major disadvantages of benzodiazepines is their habit-forming potential with long-
term use. They are fast-acting drugs with few side effects (mainly drowsiness), and this is the
oldest class of antianxiety drug.
OBJ: 3 TOP: Antianxiety Medications
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
6. The nurse is aware that he or she may be administering the new antianxiety medication
pregabalin (Lyrica) to clients without an anxiety disorder for the purpose of treating:
a. Depression
b. Psychotic episodes
c. Neuropathic pain
d. Bipolar disorder
ANS: C
Pregabalin (Lyrica) has been found to be effective for the treatment of neuropathic pain, as well
as seizure disorders. This medication is not used for any of the other options listed.
TOP: Antianxiety Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
7. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are most health care providers’ drug of choice for
the treatment of depression because:
a. Side effects are more manageable than with most antidepressants.
b. They are the only class safe for long-term therapy.

c. This is the oldest class of antidepressants.
d. They are fast-acting medications.
ANS: A
The side effect most commonly reported, gastrointestinal (GI) upset, usually can be avoided if
the client takes the medication with food. SSRIs can be used for both short- and long-term
therapy; they are not the oldest class of antidepressants; and they usually take a few weeks before
onset of effect.
TOP: Antidepressant Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
8. In preparing discharge planning for a client who has been prescribed lithium for the treatment
of bipolar disorder, the nurse must be sure that the client demonstrates an understanding of the
need to monitor his or her diet for intake of:
a. Potassium
b. Carbohydrates
c. Protein
d. Sodium
ANS: D
Lithium is a salt that is absorbed into the bloodstream and is excreted by the kidneys at a faster
rate than sodium. Therefore, clients must monitor their sodium and fluid intake, as well as their
activity level. The other options are not a concern when lithium is taken.
TOP: Antimanic Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
9. A female client calls the clinic for advice after forgetting to take her morning dose of twice-daily
lithium 5 hours ago. Which instructions should the nurse give the client?
a. Take the dose immediately, and then take the second dose 3 hours late.
b. Take half of a dose now, and then take the second dose at the normal time.
c. Eliminate the dose missed, and take the second dose at the normal time.
d. Immediately take the missed dose, and take the second dose at the normal time.
ANS: C
Because lithium should be taken at the same time each day and the therapeutic range is narrow, 5
hours after the first dose was missed would be too close to take the second dose to try to make it
up. Altering the schedule for one missed dose could cause more problems with future doses.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 66 OBJ: 5
TOP: Antimanic Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention

10. A female client is taking an antipsychotic medication for her schizophrenia. The nurse monitors
this client for the peripheral nervous system side effects of:
a. Dry mouth, photophobia, and hypotension
b. Hypertension, photophobia, and bradycardia
c. Elevated blood glucose levels
d. Tremors and inability to sit still
ANS: A
Dry mouth, photophobia, and hypotension are side effects that occur from the peripheral nervous
system (PNS). The other options are not all PNS reactions.
TOP: Antipsychotic (Neuroleptic) Medications
11. The nurse is planning the discharge of a client who has been prescribed an antipsychotic
medication for paranoid schizophrenia. The nurse knows that the client is most at risk for:
a. Diabetes
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Noncompliance
d. Fluid volume, deficient

ANS: C
Clients who are taking antipsychotic medications are at great risk for noncompliance with their
therapeutic regimen for several reasons, such as the side effects experienced as a result of taking
the medication and stopping the medication when symptoms of the disorder are under control.
Clients who are taking these medications usually are not at risk for the other options.
TOP: Noncompliance KEY: Nursing Process Step: Nursing Diagnosis
12. A female client has been taking an antipsychotic medication for several years. It is of vital
importance for the nurse to observe the client for tardive dyskinesia. Signs and symptoms of
tardive dyskinesia include:
a. Absence of physical and mental movement
b. Loss of ability to perform voluntary movements
c. Repetitious, involuntary muscle movements in the face and extremities
d. Rigidity in the muscles that control an individual’s gait, posture, and eye movements
ANS: C
These symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can sometimes last for weeks, months, or years; or they
can be irreversible. The antipsychotic medication should be decreased in dosage immediately as
soon as symptoms appear and then should possibly be discontinued. Absence of physical and
mental movement refers to akinesia; loss of the ability to perform voluntary movement refers to
dyskinesia; and rigidity in the muscles that control gait, posture, and eye movement refers to
dystonia.

13. A female client who has had bipolar disorder for several years decides to stop all of her
medications because she is tired of the side effects. She also cancels all appointments with her
therapist, stating that it is just too difficult to plan the visits in her hectic schedule. This client is
considered:
a. Depressed
b. Noncompliant
c. Suffering from an anxiety disorder
d. Possessing obsessive-compulsive tendencies
ANS: B
Noncompliance occurs with many individuals with mental health disorders because of the ways
the side effects of the medication affect an individual as well as other factors. It is important to
work with clients to prevent noncompliance. Depression, anxiety disorder, and obsessive-
compulsive tendencies are not indicated in the situation described.
TOP: Noncompliance KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
14. A male client with schizophrenia lives in an assisted-living complex for individuals with mental
health disorders. He is tired of the Parkinson-like symptoms he experiences with his
antipsychotic medication and therefore stops taking his medication after much discussion with
his treatment team. He is progressively withdrawing from reality but is not a safety risk at this
point to himself or others. What is the best response of the nurse and treatment team?
a. Try to coerce him into taking his medication.
Ensure that the client and those around him are safe, and monitor for additional
b.
symptoms of his schizophrenia while maintaining trust with the client.
Crush his antipsychotic medications and put them in his food to stop the process of his
c.
withdrawal from reality.
Speak to his family about seeking an involuntary emergency hold in a mental health
d.
facility to get him back on his medications.
ANS: B
The Patient Self-Determination Act states that individuals who are not in an emergency or
safety-threatening situation cannot be coerced, forced, or talked into following a suggested
course, such as taking medication against their will. All three remaining options go against the
Act. In addition, an involuntary emergency hold in a mental facility is not reasonable because the
client is not a threat to himself or others.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 71 OBJ: 9
TOP: Informed Consent KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
15. An adult female client has been diagnosed recently with mild depression but opts not to take
the medication prescribed by her physician after talking with the physician about the benefits,
risks, possible outcomes, and side effects. She decides to investigate alternative treatments. This
client is making this decision based on the premise of:
a. Informed consent
b. Noncompliance
c. Client education
d. Right to privacy
ANS: A
Informed consent most accurately describes the situation because all aspects of taking the
medication were discussed with the client before she made the decision to not take the
medication. If she had already been in agreement with the regimen rather than seeking other
alternatives, she would have been considered noncompliant. Client teaching, such as how and
when to take the medication, would occur if she decided to take the medication. The client’s
right to privacy is not addressed in this scenario.
TOP: Informed Consent KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
MSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
16. The nurse is administering medications to a client with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia.
The nurse would expect to see which medication ordered for this client?
a. Lithium
b. Depakene
c. Neurontin
d. Risperdal
ANS: D
Risperdal is an antipsychotic medication that is used for schizophrenia. The other options are all
antimanic medications.

KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
17. Psychotropic medications can cause a parasympathetic and/or sympathetic response from the
autonomic nervous system. Which of the following is considered a sympathetic response?
a. Pupil dilation
b. Increased saliva production
c. Decreased heart rate
d. Constricted airway
ANS: A
Pupil dilation is a sympathetic response. All the other options are examples of a parasympathetic
response.
TOP: How Psychotherapeutic Drug Therapy Works
18. While completing the history portion of an admission assessment of a client with schizophrenia,
the nurse notices that the client is continually moving in the chair and frequently stands, then
sits back down. The nurse knows that this client most likely is experiencing the side effect of:
a. Drug-induced parkinsonism
b. Dystonia
c. Akathisia
d. Akinesia
ANS: C
Akathisia is an extrapyramidal side effect (EPSE) of antipsychotic drugs that causes an

individual to be unable to sit still. The other options are also EPSEs but are not evident in the
scenario.
19. __________ is a side effect that can occur while a client is taking an antipsychotic medication,
causing muscle rigidity, high fever, unstable vital signs, confusion, and agitation.
a. Drug-induced parkinsonism
b. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
c. Tardive dyskinesia
d. Dystonia
ANS: B
NMS is a very serious side effect of antipsychotic drugs that can lead to coma and death. Muscle
rigidity is usually the first symptom, with symptoms progessing rapidly after the onset and
reaching peak intensity in 3 days. The other options are also side effects of antipsychotics but do
not describe NMS.
20. The __________ constitute a class of drugs that are commonly prescribed for cardiac
arrhythmias but also have been found to be effective treatment for social phobias.
a. Benzodiazepines
b. Tricyclics
c. Azaspirones
d. Beta-blockers
ANS: D
In the past, beta-blockers were strictly cardiac drugs, but new research has found this class of
drugs to be successful as adjunctive treatment for social phobias. The other options are
antianxiety and antidepressant medications; they are not used for cardiac arrhythmias.
TOP: Antianxiety Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. Which of the following are basic responsibilities of nurses who administer psychotherapeutic
drugs? Select all that apply.
a. Monitoring and evaluating the client’s response to the medication
b. Continually assessing the client’s condition
c. Adjusting medication dosages according to therapeutic levels
d. Assisting in the coordination of the client’s care
e. Teaching clients about their medications
f. Administering prescribed medications
ANS: A, B, D, E, F
These responsibilities require nurses to be cognizant of all aspects of medication administration.

Adjusting medication dosages is not within the nurse’s scope of practice.
OBJ: 7 TOP: Client Care Guidelines
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
2. The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has been diagnosed recently with a
mental health disorder and has been prescribed a psychotropic medication. Which interventions
regarding the medication should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
a. Teach signs and symptoms of side effects and what to do if these occur
b. Provide written information regarding the purpose, dosage, route, and dosing schedule
Ask the client and significant other to verbally explain when it is necessary to contact the
c.
physician should side effects occur
Provide written information regarding how the client should decrease dosages in
d.
response to side effects or improvement in symptoms
ANS: A, B, C
The nurse should teach signs and symptoms of side effects, provide information about the drug,
and have the client and significant other verbally explain when it is necessary to call the
physician. These steps are necessary to ensure that the client receives and demonstrates an
understanding of the medication regimen. The nurse should never provide written information
about decreasing dosages without contacting the physician. The physician will determine
whether side effects can be controlled, or if dosage adjustments are necessary. In addition,
improvement in symptoms is most likely the desired effect of the medication and ensures that the
dosage and medications are correct.
TOP: Client Teaching
KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning | Nursing Process Step: Intervention | Nursing Process
Step: Evaluation MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
COMPLETION
1. __________ side effects can occur when antipsychotic medications are taken that manifest as
abnormal movements such as akathisia and pseudo-Parkinson symptoms.
ANS:
Extrapyramidal
These side effects occur as a result of an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Additional
extrapyramidal side effects (EPSEs) include dyskinesia, akinesia, and dystonia.

2. The four classes of psychotherapeutic medications include antianxiety agents, antidepressants,

antimanics, and __________.
ANS:
Antipsychotics
Antipsychotics treat individuals with psychotic disorders by helping to control symptoms

associated with loss of reality, such as hallucinations.
TOP: Classifications of Psychotherapeutic Drugs
3. Lithium levels are considered toxic when they become higher than __________ mEq/L.
ANS:
1.5
Lithium therapy must be closely monitored because the therapeutic range is narrow and toxicity
can be life threatening.
TOP: Antimanic Medications KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention

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Morrison-Valfre: Foundations of Mental Health Care, 4th Edition

Chapter 6: Complementary and Alternative Therapies

a. Massage therapy for relaxation

b. Herb and dietary supplements that promote relaxation

d. Incorporation of body, mind, and spirit to decrease anxiety levels

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 52 OBJ: N/A

TOP: Allopathic Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 58 OBJ: 8

TOP: CAM Approaches to Mental Health Care

Acupuncture is a form of biofield therapy, which is a form of energy medicine. Aromatherapy is

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 57 OBJ: 7

TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

c. Eye movement desensitization

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 56 OBJ: 6

TOP: Mind-Body Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step:

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

5. A male client experiences a phobia of enclosed spaces (claustrophobia) and is seeking an

a. Music and sound therapy

b. Relaxation and visualization

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 56 OBJ: 6

TOP: Mind-Body Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

6. Which theory best describes energy medicine?

a. There is a harmony within the body, nature, and the world.

b. The body has a natural ability to heal itself.

c. There is a vital, life-force energy that flows through an individual’s body.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 57 OBJ: 7

TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment

b. Illegal according to FDA regulations

c. A form of expressive therapy

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a form of energy medicine in the category of

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 58 OBJ: 7

TOP: Energy Medicine KEY: Nursing Process Step: Intervention

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

c. Music and dance therapy

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 59 OBJ: 9

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

a. 32-year-old female rape victim

b. 25-year-old male experiencing paranoid schizophrenia

c. 16-year-old male in detox for crack addiction

d. 8-year-old female with autism

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 59 OBJ: 9

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

b. Low potassium levels

c. Elevated blood glucose levels

d. Interactions with other medications

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 59 OBJ: 10

TOP: Adverse Effects KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

a. Traditional Chinese medicine

DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 53 | Page 54

OBJ: 4 TOP: Whole Medical Systems

b. To investigate and develop new CAM therapies

c. To produce a monthly newsletter on new CAM therapies

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 53 OBJ: 3

TOP: National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 55 OBJ: 5

MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 55 OBJ: N/A

TOP: Body-Based Practices KEY: Nursing Process Step:

MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity

d. Depression and anxiety