EXERCISE CHEMISTRY

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1 Copper is usually obtained as a mixture of 69.09% Cu isotope and 30.91%
65 63 65
Cu isotope. If the masses of Cu and Cu isotopes are 62.93 amu and
64.93 amu respectively, what is the relative atomic mass of copper?
A 63.62
B 63.55
C 63.93
D 64.31

2 An element M has the following electron configuration.

3d 4s

(Ar)

What is M?
[Proton numbers: Ti = 22; V = 23; Mn = 25; Fe = 26; and Ni = 28]
2+
A Nickel in [Ni(NH3)6]
B Iron in Fe2(SO4)3
C Titanium in TiO2
2−
D Manganese in MnO4

3 Which of the following properties show a gradual increasing trend

with increasing proton number for the elements Sc to Cu?
A Density
B Boiling point
C Melting point
D First ionization energy
+ 2+
4 Ar, K , and Ca are isoelectronic. The order of increasing radii is
2+ +
A Ca < K < Ar
2+ +
B Ca < Ar < K
2+ +
C Ar < Ca < K
+ 2+
D K < Ar < Ca

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5 In the Contact process, sulphur dioxide is converted into sulphur
trioxide according to the following equation:

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)

∆H is negative

Which of the following sets of conditions at equilibrium would give the

highest yield of sulphur trioxide?

Temperature Pressure Catalyst

A High High Present

B Low High None
C High Low None
D High High None

6 Which of the following species could behave as an acid and a base according to
Bronsted- Lowry theory?
-
A HCO3
2-
B CO3
-
C OH
D HCl

7. The solubility product of calcium fluoride in water at 20C is 3.2 x 10-11 mol3 dm-9.
Calculate the solubility of calcium fluoride in 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium fluoride
solution.
A 2.0 x 10-10 mol dm-3 B 2.0 x 10-4 mol dm-3
C 8.0 x 10-10 mol dm-3 D 3.2 x 10-4 mol dm-3

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8. A sample of 1 mol of ethanoic acid is diluted at constant temperature to a volume
of V. Which diagram shows the correct change of pH against V ?

pH pH
A B

V V

C pH pH D

V V
9. If the solubility of silver carbonate is x mol dm-3, what is the relationship between
the solubility product Ksp and the value of x ?

A Ksp = 4x3
B Ksp = x3
C Ksp = 2x3
D Ksp = 2x2
10. One of the buffer system in human blood involves the following equilibrium

H2O + CO2 H+ + HCO3-. The system helps to maintain the blood pH at

about 7.4. What would happen if the pH of the blood decreases?

A. More HCO3- ion is produced in the blood

B. More carbon dioxide is produced in the blood
C. The above equilibrium shifts to the right –hand side
D. More hydroxide ion will be produced

11. Going across Period 3 (sodium to chlorine) in the Periodic Table

A the electronegativity of the elements decreases
B the ionisation energy of the element decreases
C the standard electrode potential of the elements increases
D the strength of the elements as reducing agents increases

12. Which of the following elements forms an ionic hydride?

A Sodium B Silicon C Sulphur D Chlorine
13. A vapour pressure –composition diagram for two liquids R and S is shown below:

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Pressure/Pa

0 W Z 1.0
Mole fraction of S

Which of the following pairs of distillates will be obtained when a solution of

composition W is fractionally distilled?

Initial distillate Final distillate

A R Z
B Z R
C R S
D S Z

14. A liquid mixture P and Q has the boiling point-composition diagram as shown
below.
b.p.

0 0.2 Y 1.0
mole fraction of p

Which of the following is true of the liquid mixture above ?

A The solution shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law .

B Upon mixing of P and Q, volume slightly increases.
C When solution Y is fractionally distilled, the distillate is pure P.
D Vapour pressure of pure Q is higher than that of pure P.

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 15. Which of the following is correct for an ideal mixture of two liquids?

A. its formation on mixing is exothermic

B. its vapor obeys Dalton's Law
C. it is a solution which obeys Raoult's Law
D. its vapor shows ideal behavior

SECTION B (15%)

Instruction: Answer all the questions in Section B in the spaces provided. All working
must be shown. For numerical answers, units must be quoted wherever they are
appropriate.

16 (a) At a temperature of 298 K, dinitrogen tetraoxide and nitrogen dioxide exist in

chemical equilibrium according to the following equation.
N2O4 (g) <==> 2NO2 (g) DH = + 58 kJ mol-1

3.0 g of a mixture of N2O4 and NO2 have a volume of 1.0 X 10 – 3 m3 at 298 K and
101 kPa.

(i) Calculate the relative molecular mass of this mixture.

[3 marks]

(ii) State the effect on the relative molecular mass of the gaseous mixture if the
temperature is raised.

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[2 marks]

(b) The oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is a reversible reaction.

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 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) <==> 2SO3 (g)

The table below shows the equilibrium partial pressure of SO 2, O2 and SO3 at
o
700 C.

Gas SO2 O2 SO3

Partial pressure (atm) 0.270 0.400 0.320

(i) Calculate the value of Kp at 700oC for the equilibrium reaction.

[3 marks]

17 a) The pH graph for the titration of 25.0 cm3 of sodium carbonate against 0.10 mol dm-3
hydrochloric acid is shown below:

pH

19.00 38.00 Volume of acid added/ cm3

(i) Explain the existence of two equivalent points in the titration.

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[2 marks]

(ii) Suggest a suitable indicator for the second end-point.

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[1 mark]

(iii) Calculate the concentration ( in g dm-3 ) of the sodium carbonate solution.

[2 marks]

(b) (i) Compare the solubility of the following salts from their respective solubility
products.

Salt PbCl2 PbC2O4

Solubility product/ Ksp 1.7 x10-5 8.5 x 10-9

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[2 marks]

SECTION C (30%)

Instruction: Answer 2 questions only in Section C

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20 (a) In relation to the following equilibria,
Equilibrium I H2(g) + CO(g) ⇌ H2O(g) + C(s) ; ∆H = -131 kJ mol-1

Equilibrium II Cr2O7 2-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ 2CrO4-(aq) + 2H+(aq)

use Le Chatelier’s principle to predict and explain the effect of:

(i) increasing the pressure on Equilibrium I
(ii) increasing the temperature on Equilibrium I
(iii) increasing [H+(aq)] on Equilibrium II

(iv) use of catalyst on Equilibrium II

[8]
(b) The boiling point-composition phase diagram for the solution of ethanol in water
is shown below.

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 (i) Discuss the type of deviation from Raoult’s law for the above solution. [ 3 ]
(ii) The alcoholic solution formed from the fermentation of carbohydrates
contains about 12% to 15% of ethanol. Explain why pure ethanol cannot be obtained
from the alcoholic solution by fractional distillation.

[4]

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