CONJUNCTION

Group 2
Leader : Sandi Tia Kurnia
Member : Ajeng Rida Pertiwi
Meliafolla MahaPutri
Nadya Vega Lestari
Yusdi Ahditiyo T W

SMA NEGERI 2 MAJALENGKA

TAHUN 2015
 CONJUNCTION
Conjunction is one of the kinds of words that connects 2 items (words, sentences,
phrases, or clauses) together.

A. Coordinating Conjunction
Coordinating conjunctions, also called coordinators, are conjunctions that connect two
or more words, clauses, or sentences, which has the form of syntax (the rules in terms of
making the sentence) of the same. Examples are coordinating conjunctions: for, and, nor, but,
or, yet, and so. Can also called FANBOYS.
Here are some examples of coordinating conjunctions in English and what they do:

1. The boy keeps the lights on, for he is afraid of sleeping in the dark. (Anak itu
membiarkan lampunya menyala karena dia takut tidur dalam keadaan gelap).
2. He has one good dictionary and at least 3 good English books. (Dia punya 1 kamus
bagus dan paling tidak 3 buku bahasa Inggris bagus).
3. She is a vegetarian. She will not eat beef, nor will she eat chicken. (Dia seorang
vegetarian. Dia tidak akan makan daging sapi, dia juga tidak akan makan daging
ayam).
4. She is cute but evil. (Dia cantik tapi jahat).
5. Do you want to go with me or to stay home? (Apakah kamu mau ikut saya atau
tinggal di rumah?).
6. I didn’t study, yet I passed the exam. (Saya tidak belajar, tetapi saya lulus).
7. My dad was very tired, so he went to bed earlier. (Papa saya sangat capek, oleh
karena itu dia pergi tidur lebih awal).

Note:
 Use a comma before the conjunction if conjunction combine the two sentences.
Commas are also used if the conjunctions combine more than two words or phrases.
Example: We studied math, physics, and chemistry last semester.
 For also serves as a preposition. As preposisiton, for followed by a noun. Example: I
am waitingfor a cab. (i.e. cab = taxi)
 Yet also functions as an adverb. Example: I have not finished reading this article yet.
See adverb use yet in the discussion about the present perfect tense.
 So = as if it is followed by an adjective / adverb. See the discussion of its use in
comparisons.
B. Subordinating Conjunction
Subordinating conjunctions are words that can be used to form adverbial clause
(which is generally a clause / subordinate clause) of the basic sentence (main clause).
Number of conjunctions of this type very much, and generally are adverbs. Conjunction of
this type can be grouped into five, namely conjunction stating time (time), causality (cause
and effect), meaning the opposite (opposition), destination (purpose), and modality
(conditional).
Adverbial Clause
Adverbial clause is a dependent clause which functions as an adverb (adverb) and provide
information about the verb, adjective, or adverb that is on independent clause with the
capacity to answer the question: how, when, where, why, or to what degree. Adverbial clause
begins with a word called subordinate conjunction (when, after, Because, though, etc). This
word is useful to bridge the relationship with the independent clause described. Combined
with the independent clause of this clause is called the complex sentence, that sentence
consisting of one or more independent and dependent clause. Various adverbial clause,
among others: adverbial clause of time (time), cause and effect (cause and effect), meaning
the opposite (of contention), modality, and purpose (goal).
Rumus Adverbial Clause
Complex Sentence:
Independent Clause (S + V +/- …)* + Adverbial Clause
Adverbial Clause:
Subordinate Conjunction + S + V +/- …
*S + V +/- … = predicate
Example Adverbial Clause:
Complex Sentence
When he cleaned the kitchen, he found a lot of expired food.
(Dia membersihkan dapur ketika dia menemukan banyak makanan kadaluarsa.)
Keterangan :
When= subordinate conjunction
When he cleaned the kitchen= adverbial clause
he found a lot of expired food= independent clause
Example Complex Sentence:
Di awal: Because I had free time, I visited your house.
Di akhir: I visited your house because I had free time. (Saya mengunjungi rumahmu
karena saya punya waktu luang.)
Punctuation (Tanda Baca) pada Adverbial Clause
Adverbial clause can be at the beginning of a sentence, followed by the independent
clause. In contrast, the independent clause can be in the beginning of a sentence, followed by
the adverbial clause. If you are at the beginning, at the threshold of this clause given comma.
Fungsi dan Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Clause
Contoh Kalimat Adverbial Keterangan
Fungsi
Clause
memberikan informasi You were sleeping when she verb= were sleeping;
tentang verb arrived. subordinate conjunction=
(Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang when;
tertidur.) adverbial clause= when she
arrived
memberikan informasi Her face is fresh because she adjective= fresh;
tentang adjective always does exercise and subordinate conjunction=
eats fruits. because;
(Wajahnya segar karena dia adverbial clause= because
selalu berolahraga dan makan she always does exercise and
buah-buahan.) eats fruits
memberikan informasi He drove fast in order that adverb= fast;
tentang adverb he could arrive on time. subordinate conjunction=
(Dia mengemudi dengan in order that;
cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat adverbial clause= in order
waktu.) that he could arrive on time

1. Use for of Time

 after (setelah)
 while (sementara)
 till (hingga/sampai)
 as long as (sepanjang)
 the first time (pertama kali)
 the next time (kali berikut)
 before (sebelum)
 as (sementara)
 as soon as (segera setelah)
 so long as (sepanjang)
 the second time (kedua kali)
  when (ketika)  by the time since (sejak
 once (segera setelah)  whenever (setiap kali)
 the last time (terakhir kali)  until (hingga/sampai)
 every time (setiap kali)

Example :

1. We will play football after we finish doing the homework. (Kami akan main bola
setelah kami selesai mengerjakan PR).
2. Before they got married last month, they had been seeing each other for almost ten
years. (Sebelum mereka kawin bulan lalu, mereka telah pacaran selama hampir 10
tahun).
3. When I got home last night, someone was trying to break into my house. (Ketika saya
tiba di rumah tadi malam, seseorang sedang mencoba masuk ke rumah saya). Note:
Break into = masuk biasanya karena berniat jahat, i.e. mau mencuri, ect.)
4. A friend of mine felt asleep on his desk while the teacher was teaching. (Teman saya
tertidur di mejanya sementara pak guru menerangkan).
5. She has turned into a different person since she became a famous artist. (Dia telah
berubah menjadi orang yang berbeda sejak dia menjadi artis terkenal).
6. I will keep studying hard until the final exam is over next week. (Saya akan terus
belajar keras sampai ujian akhir selesai minggu depan).
7. We will leave as soon as the rain stops. (Kita akan pergi/berangkat segera setelah
hujan berhenti).
8. As long as I live, I will never see your fucking ugly face again. (Selama saya hidup,
saya tidak akan pernah mau lihat wajah kamu (yang sangat jelek) lagi). Subject ‘I’
sangat, sangat marah nih.
9. Whenever I look at her picture, my heart beats fast. (Setiap kali saya pandang
fotonya, jantung saya berdetak kencang).
10. The first time we went to Bali, we went to Tanah Lot. (Pertama kali kami pergi ke
bali, kami pergi ke Tanah Lot).
 11. The next time I play you, I will kick your ass. (Kali berikut saya main (lawan) kamu,
saya akan kalahkan kamu. Note: kick your ass = kick your butt = mengalahkan.
Sangat informal

2. Use for causality (cause and effect)

 because (karena)
 inasmuch as (karena)
 so…that (sehingga)
 since (karena)
 now that (karena sekarang)
 such …that (sehingga)
 as (karena)

Example :

1. He got an accident because he drove while he was drunk. (Dia mendapat kecelakaan
karena dia nyetir sementara mabuk).
2. I passed that course easily since the questions were very easy. (Saya lulus mata kuliah
itu dengan mudah karena soal-soalnya sangat mudah).
3. Now that the semester is finished, I am going to rest for a few days and then take a
trip to Bali. (Karena sekarang semesteran sudah selesai, saya akan istrahat selama
beberapa hari kemudian tamasya ke Bali).
4. As she had nothing to do, she asked me to come over to her house. (Karena dia tidak
ada yang dikerjakan, dia meminta saya pergi ke rumahnya).
5. Inasmuch as the two countries’ leaders didn’t reach an agreement, the possibility of
war between the two countries remains open. (Karena kedua kepala negara tidak
mencapai suatu kesepakatan, kemungkinan adanya perang antara kedua negara
tersebut masih tinggi).
6. The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it. (Kopinya begitu panas, oleh karena itu, saya
tidak dapat meminumnya).
7. He has such a nice body that a lot of girls are attracted to him. (Dia punya badan
yang begitu bagus, oleh karena itu, banyak cewek yang tertarik padanya).
3. Use for meaning the opposite (opposition)
 although (walaupun)
 even though (walaupun)
 while (sedangkan)
 though (walaupun)
 whereas (sedangkan)
 no matter (tidak memandang)

Example :

1. Although he is not tall, he is a very good volleyball player. (Walaupun dia tidak
tinggi, dia seorang pemain bola volley yang sangat hebat).
2. Jenny is rich, whereas Joni is poor. (Jenny kaya sementara Joni miskin).
3. No matter how hard I tried, the math problems couldn’t be solved. (Tidak
memandang betapa kerasnya saya mencoba, soal-soal matematika itu tidak dapat
dipecahkan/diselesaikan).

4. Use for destination (purpose)

 in order to (agar)
 in order that (agar)
 so that (agar)
Example :

1. During the class, we need to be quiet in order to be able to listen to what the teacher
says.
2. I turned off the TV so that my roommate could study well.
3. I turned off the TV in order (that) my roommate could study well.
4. They keep practicing their English in order (that) their English improves steadily.
(Mereka terus berlatih bahasa Inggris agar bahasa Inggrisnya terus meningkat).
Note :
in order to be followed by verbs, whereas in order (that) and so that was followed by
clause (ie S + V). b). The meaning of so that here is different so that to declare causal. Note
also the difference in the pattern.

5. Use for modality (conditional).

 if (jika)
 whether or not in case that (jika)
 unless (jika tidak)
 even if (walaupun jika)
 only if (hanya jika)
Example :

1. If my parents were not home, I would invite my friends to come over. (jika orangtua
saya tidak di rumah, saya akan undang teman-teman saya datang ke rumah).
2. I will go unless it rains. (Saya akan pergi jika tidak hujan).

Note: unless = if…not. So,the sentence can write become : I will go if it doesn’t rain.

3. I don’t care no more whether or not you want to study

4. I don’t care no more whether you want to study or not. (Saya tidak peduli lagi
apakah kamu mau belajar atau tidak).
5. I have decided to marry her. Even if my parents disagree, I am going to marry her.
(Saya telah memutuskan untuk mengawininya. Walaupun jika orang tua saya tidak
setuju, saya akan (tetap) mengawininya).
6. I’ll be in the library in case you want to find me. *Note : in case = if
7. The general election will go to the second round only if no candidate gets 50% + 1
votes during the first round. (Pemilu akan masuk ke putaran kedua hanya jika tidak
ada kandidat yang memiliki perolehan suara 50% + 1 waktu putaran pertama.

Note:
if only if input the first sentence, so to do inversi (auxiliary/be/do,does,did) in front of subject
main clause. This sentence can write become : Only if no candidate gets 50% + 1
votes will the generalelection go to the second round.
C. Correlative Conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions work in pairs to join words and groups of words of equal weight in a
sentence. There are many different pairs of correlative conjunctions:

1. either...or 7. just as...so

2. not only...but (also) 8. the...the
3. may...but 9. as...as
4. neither...nor 10. as much...as
5. both...and 11. no sooner...than
6. whether...or 12. rather...than

Examples:

1. You either do your work or prepare for a trip to the office.

2. He is not only handsome, but also brilliant.
3. Not only is he handsome, but also he is brilliant.
4. He may be tired from sleep, but he still needs to work.
5. Neither the basketball team nor the football team is doing well.
6. Both the cross country team and the swimming team are doing well.
7. You must decide whether you stay or you go.
8. Whether you stay or you go, the film must start at 8 pm.
9. Just as many Americans love basketball, so many Canadians love ice hockey.
10. The more you practice dribbling, the better you will be at it.
11. Football is as fast as hockey (is (fast)).
12. Football is as much an addiction as a sport.
13. No sooner did she learn to ski, than the snow began to thaw.
14. I would rather swim than surf.