GSM CONTROLLED ROBOT

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the

degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)

by

Saurabh Chandrashekhar Dichwalkar (34)

Under the esteemed guidance of

Mrs. Archana Raut
Professor

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

VIVA COLLEGE
(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
VIRAR, 401303
MAHARASHTRA
2018-2019

1
 PROFORMA FOR THE APPROVAL PROJECT PROPOSAL

PROFORMA FOR THE APPROVAL PROJECT PROPOSAL

PNR No.: …………………… Roll no: ___________

1. Name of the Student

________________________________________________________________

2. Title of the Project

________________________________________________________________

3. Name of the Guide

________________________________________________________________

4. Teaching experience of the Guide ____________________________________

5. Is this your first submission? Yes No

Signature of the Student Signature of the Guide

Date: ………………… Date: …………………….

Signature of the Coordinater

Date: …………………

2
 VIVA COLLEGE
(Affiliated to University of Mumbai)
VIRAR-MAHARASHTRA-401303

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled, "GSM Controlled Robot ", is bonafied work of Mr.
SAURABH DICHWALKAR bearing Seat. No: (NUMBER) submitted in partial fulfilment of
the requirements for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE in INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY from University of Mumbai.

Internal Guide Coordinator

External Examiner

Date: College Seal

3
 Abstract

Robotic manipulators are widely used to replace human operators in tasks that are
repetitive in nature. However, there are many task that are non-repetitive,
unpredictable, or hazardous to the human operators. Clearing up a nuclear power
plant leak or exploring the extreme depths of ocean are just some examples. The most
developed robot in practical use today is the robotic arm and it is seen in applications
throughout the world. Robots are used to carry out work in outer space where man
cannot survive and also used to do work in the medical field such as conducting
experiments without exposing the researcher.

In early days, robotic manipulator have been implemented in different control

techniques like mechanical control and the remote control or tele-operations. But with
the advantages of high performance, a new way of control using mobile has been
implemented which is introduced in this project.

All the above systems are controlled by the microcontroller. In our project we are
using the popular 8bit microcontroller ATMEGA16. It is a 40 pin microcontroller.
The microcontroller ATMEGA16 is used to control the dc motors. It gets the signal
from the DTMF decoder and it drives the motors according to the DTMF inputs.
Two DC motors are used to drive the robot in four direction i.e. Forward,
Backward, Right and Left.

4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very grateful to our Principal for providing us with an environment to

complete myproject successfully.

I am deeply indebted to Prof:Sampada Deshmukh(Head of IT Department,

VIVA College)who modelled us both technically and morally for achieving greater
success in life.
I express my sincere thanks to all my lecturers, for their constant encouragement
and support throughout our course, especially for the useful suggestions given
during the course of the project period.
I am grateful to my internal guide Prof: Archana Raut Lecturer, for being
instrumental in the completion of our project with her complete guidance.

I would like to thank my parent for providing me with all their support and
encouragement right from the project’s budding stage to its current maturity.
Above all i would like to thank the almighty for giving us courage and energy to
work day and night to make this project a grand success.

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the project entitled, “GSM Controlled Robot” done
atVIVA College, has not been in any case duplicated to submit to any other
university for theaward of any degree. To the best of my knowledge other than me,
no one has submitted to any other university.

The project is done in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of
degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY)
tobe submittedas final semester project as part of our curriculum.

Name and Signature of Student

6
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.No Topics Page No
Abstract 4
Acknowledgement 5
Table of Content 7
1 Introduction 8
1.1 Background 8
1.2 Objective 9
1.3 Purpose, Scope and Applicability 9
1.3.1 Purpose 9
1.3.2 Scope 9
1.3.3 Applicability 10
2 Survey of Technologies 11
3 Requirement and Analysis 12
3.1 Problem Definition 12
3.2 Planning and Scheduling 13
3.3 Software and Hardware 15
requirement
3.4 Preliminary Product Description 15
3.5 Conceptual Model 16
Block Diagram 16
Flowchart 17
Circuit Diagram 18
PCB Layout 20
Components Diagrams 21
4 Expected Result 34
5 Conclusion 35
6 References 36

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 Chapter 1

Introduction
In this GSM Controlled Robot project, the robot is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a
call to the mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, a
tone corresponding to the button pressed is heard at the other end of the call. The robot perceives
this DTMF code with the help of the phone stacked in the robot. The received code is processed
by the AT89xxx microcontroller.
The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into its equivalent binary digit and this binary number is
sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is preprogrammed to take a decision for any
given input and outputs its decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors for forward or
backward motion or a turn.

1.1 Background

The First Remote Control Vehicle I Precision Guided Weapon:

This propeller-driven radio controlled boat, built by Nikola Tesla in 1898, is the original
prototype of all modern-day uninhabited aerial vehicles and precision guided weapons. In
fact, all are remotely operated vehicles in air, land or sea. Powered by lead-acid batteries
and an electric drive motor, the vessel was designed to be maneuvered alongside a target
using instructions received from a wireless remote- control transmitter. Once in position,
a command would be sent to detonate an explosive charge contained within the boats
forward compartment. The weapon’s guidance system incorporated a secure
communications link between the pilots’ controller and the surface-running torpedo in an
effort to assure that control could be maintained evening the presence of electronic
countermeasures. To learn more about Tesla system for secure wireless communications
and his pioneering implementation of the electronic logic-gate circuit read ‘Nikola Tesla—
Guided Weapons & Computer Technology’, Tesla Presents Series Part 3, with commentary
by Leland Anderson.

8
Use of Remote Controlled Vehicles During World War II:

During World War II in the European Theater the U.S. Air Force experimented with three basic
forms radio- control guided weapons. In each case, the weapon would be directed to its target by a
crew member on a control p l a n e . The first weapon as essentially a standard bomb fitted with
steering controls. The next evolution involved the fitting of a bomb to a glider airframe, one version,
the GB-4 having a TV camera to assist the controller with targeting. The third class of guided
weapon was the remote controlledB-17

It’s known that Germany deployed a number of more advanced guided strike weapons that
saw combat before either the V-1 or V-2. They were the radio-controlled Henschel’s Hs
293A and Ruhrstahl’s SD1400X, known as ’FritzX,’ both air-launched, primarily against
ships at sea.
Disadvantages:
1. RF circuits, which have the drawbacks of limited working range.
2. Limited frequency range and limited control.

1.2 Objectives
 Designing a GSM controlled robot which has the ability to be controlled using keypad
of the mobile through the GSM network.
 The main objective of this robot is to perform tasks based on given instructions and make
human life easier.

1.3 Purpose, Scope and Applicability

1.3.1 Purpose
For people living at remote location it’s not possible to perform tasks they wish to. The
only purpose of this project is to fulfil their needs. One can make robot perform various
tasks just by sending instructions. Since we have used GSM technology, there will be wide
range of communication and that too wireless. During tasks execution if robot comes across
fire then in reaction it will turn on the fan to extinguish fire. It also uses depth sensor to
ensure safe travel.

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 1.3.2 Scope

So far the present system is designed mainly for the supervision applications. In the area
of suspectance, the robot can be directed and if any smoke or gas is identified the robot
can produce alarm and also informs the operator. The comments from the operator can
also be transmitted to the area where the robot moves. Further the key board can be
interfaced with the TV receiver to increase the number of comments given to the robot.
Amplifier is needed to be connected to the speaker of the mobile interfaced with the robot
to pass the comments directly through mobile from the remote mobile. The above system
can also used for military purpose as bomb detection and as spy robot. Integrated factory
automation systems, to which robot technology is key, affect nearly all types of
manufacturing. In the near future, productivity and competitiveness in these industries
will depend in large part on flexible automation through robotics. And further
enhancement are:-Compact design, Quick movement, Improved reliability, Night vision
camera, Replacement of transmitter with low power transmitter & receiver which is
highly sensitive to reduce the power consumpion.

1.3.3 Applicability

 Fire mishaps:In the event of a fire accident it is better to send the robot, than to send a
human inside the affected area to, either search and rescue a person or for surveillance
purpose. The arm can also be equipped with a fire extinguisher to put off the fire.

 Bomb Detection:In the likely event of a bomb alert, this robotic arm can safely go, detect
and diffuse the bomb instead of a human being risking his life.

 In Bio Hazardous Area:In areas where the probability of a chemical accident is more,
like in a laboratory or in a factory, the robotic arm can be equipped with certain chemicals
to stop the adverse diffusion/reaction of the chemicals. Cleaning bio hazardous debris is
also one important activity in which the robotic arm can play a significant role.

 In Space Explorations as Land Rover: Recent Chandrayaan moon mission employs

such robotic arms, to survey the geographical and chemical composition of the surface of
the moon. NASA also has used such robots in its surveys of mars.

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 Chapter 2

Survey of Technologies

C (programming language)
C (pronounced like the letter C) is a general-purpose computer programming
language developed between 1969 and 1973 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell
Telephone Laboratories for use with the Unixoperating system.[2]
Although C was designed for implementing system software,[4] it is also widely
used for developing portable application software.
C is one of the most widely used programming languages of all time [5][6] and there
are very few computer architectures for which a C compiler does not exist. C has
greatly influenced many other popular programming languages, most notably C++,
which began as an extension to C
Design
C is an imperative (procedural) systems implementation language. It was designed
to be compiled using a relatively straightforward compiler, to provide low-level
access to memory, to provide language constructs that map efficiently to machine
instructions, and to require minimal run-time support. C was therefore useful for
many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language .Despite its
low-level capabilities, the language was designed to encourage cross-platform
programming. A standards-compliant and portably written C program can be
compiled for a very wide variety of computer platforms and operating systems with
few changes to its source code. The language has become available on a very wide
range of platforms, from embedded microcontrollers to supercomputers.

11
Embedded C
Historically, embedded C programming requires nonstandard extensions to the C
language in order to support exotic features such as fixed-point arithmetic, multiple
distinct memory banks, and basic I/O operations.
In 2008, the C Standards Committee published a technical report extending the C
language[9] to address these issues by providing a common standard for all
implementations to adhere to. It includes a number of features not available in
normal C, such as, fixed-point arithmetic, named address spaces, and basic I/O
hardware addressing.

12
 Chapter 3

Requirement Analysis

3.1 Problem Statement

Conventionally, robots controlled by wireless communication employ radio frequency (RF)

circuits, which have the drawbacks of limited working range, limited frequency range and the
limited control. Use of a mobile phone for robotic control can overcome these limitations.
It provides the advantage of robust control, working range as large as the coverage area of the
service provider.

13
3.2 Planning and Scheduling
Gantt Chart

14
 Pert Chart

15
3.3 Hardware and Software Requirements

The following are the hardware requirements for the proposed system.

1. Microcontroller 89c52
2. Motor driver
3. DTMF Decoder
4. Buzzer
5. Flame Sensor
6. Depth Sensor
7. Fan
8. DC motors

The software requirements for the proposed system are as follows:

1. Keiluvision

3.4Preliminary Product Description

In this GSM Controlled Robot project, the robot is controlled by a mobile phone that makes a
call to the mobile phone attached to the robot. In the course of a call, if any button is pressed, a
tone corresponding to the button pressed is heard at the other end of the call. The robot perceives
this DTMF code with the help of the phone stacked in the robot. The received code is processed
by the AT89xxx microcontroller.
The decoder decodes the DTMF tone into its equivalent binary digit and this binary number
is sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is preprogrammed to take a decision for any
given input and outputs its decision to motor drivers in order to drive the motors for forward or
backward motion or a turn.

16
Benefits
 Quality:
Robots have the capacity to dramatically improve product quality. Applications
are performed with precision and high repeatability every time. This level of
consistency can be hard to achieve any other way.

 Production:
With robots, throughput speeds increase, which directly impact production.
Because robot have the ability to work at a constant speed without pausing for
breaks, sleep, vacations, they have the potential to produce more than a human
worker.

 Safety:
Robots increase workplace safety. Workers are moved to supervisory roles, so
they no longer have to perform dangerous application in hazardous settings.

 Savings:
Greater worker safety leads to financial savings. There are fewer healthcare
and insurance concern for employers. Robots also offer untiring performance
which saves valuable time. Their movement are always exact, so less material is
wasted

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3.5 Conceptual Models

Block Diagram

Figure: 1

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 FLOWCHART :

START

INITIALIZE MICROCONTROLER

INITIALIZE DTMF DECODER

PRESED KEY FROM MOBILE

DTMF RECIVE THE FREQUENCY OF

SPECIFIED NO. PRESSED FROM MOBILE

DTMF DECODES THE FREQUENCY AND 4

BIT CODE IS GIVEN

MONITER KEY PRESSED IN MOBILE

IF KEY 1 MOTOR 1 ON
PRESSED

IF KEY 3
PRESSED
IF KEY 2
MOTOR 2 ON PRESSED

IF KEY 4
MOTOR 1 OFF
STOP
MOTOR 2 OFF

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Circuit Diagram

Figure: 3

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Circuit Description:

The main aim of the project is development of robot control using mobile phone. Here we use
DTMF IC to decode tones that are received from the dialed phone into hex value (i.e. if you
press 1 from dialed phone the receiver phone receive the tone and transfer to the DTMF IC
MT8870. As this IC converts into hex equivalent i.e. 0x01) which are parallel transferred to the
microcontroller port 1 lower bits.
In controller section we write an software program for different motors defined below to move
in different directions according to the values received from the DTMF IC.
1. FORWARD DIRECTION
2. BACKWARD DIRECTION
3. LEFT DIRECTION
4. RIGHT DIRECTION

Here is the brief description as how we are using the gear motors as the above two
motors for project purpose.
We use two motors to rotate the two rear wheels, one for each. These motors rotate
the entire equipment in 4 directions: left, right, forward and backward direction. We use 7, 9, 8
and 0 from the dialled telephone key pads for respective direction as the controller receives
0x07, 0x09, 0x 08 and 0x00 from DTMF IC.

21
PCB LAYOUT

Figure. 4

22
Component Diagrams
Microcontroller:

Figure: 5

DESCRIPTION OF 89C52 MICRO CONTROLLER:

The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of

in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density
nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction

23
set and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or
by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with
in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful
microcontroller which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded
control applications. The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash,
256 bytes
of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-
vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock
circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero
frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the
CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port, and
interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode saves the RAM contents but
freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next interrupt or hardware reset.

Features of microcontroller 89c52

• Compatible with MCS-51® Products

• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
– Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
• Watchdog Timer
• Dual Data Pointer
• Power-off Flag

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROCONTROLLER :

25
Pin Description

VCC : Supply voltage.

GND : Ground.

Port 0
Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bidirectional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight
TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high impedance inputs.
Port 0 can also be configured to be the multiplexed low order address/data bus during accesses
to external program and data memory. In this mode, P0 has internal pull-up. Port 0 also receives
the code bytes during Flash programming and outputs the code bytes during program
verification. External pull-up are required during program verification.

Port 1
Port 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-up. The Port 1 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pull-up and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled
low will source Current (IIL) because of the internal pull-up. In addition, P1.0 and P1.1 can be
configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count input (P1.0/T2) and the timer/counter 2
trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively, as shown in the following table. Port 1 also receives the
low-order address bytes during
Flash programming and verification.

Port pin Alternate Functions

P1.0 T2 (external count input to Timer/Counter 2),

clock-out
P1.1 T2EX (Timer/Counter 2 capture/reload trigger
and direction control)
P1.5 MOSI (used for In-System Programming)
P1.6 MISO (used for In-System Programming)
P1.7 SCK (used for In-System Programming)

26
Port 2
Port 2 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 2 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs.When 1s are written to Port 2 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled
low will source
current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during
fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memory that use 16-
bit addresses (MOVX @DPTR). In this application, Port 2 uses strong internal pull ups when
emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses (MOVX @ RI),
Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register.
Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some
control signals during Flash programming and verification

Port 3
Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull ups. The Port 3 output buffers can
sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins, they are pulled high by the
internal pull ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled
low will source
current (IIL) because of the pull ups.
Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89S52, as shown in the
following table.
Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming and verification.
Port Pin Alternate Functions
P3.0 RXD (serial input port)
P3.1 TXD (serial output port)
P3.2 INT0 (external interrupt 0)
P3.3 INT1 (external interrupt 1)
P3.4 T0 (timer 0 external input)
P3.5 T1 (timer 1 external input)
P3.6 WR (external data memory write strobe)
P3.7 RD (external data memory read strobe)

27
RST
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while
the oscillator is running resets the device. This pin drives
High for 96 oscillator periods after the Watchdog times out.
The DISRTO bit in SFR AUXR (address 8EH) can be used
to disable this feature. In the default state of bit DISRTO,
the RESET HIGH out feature is enabled.

ALE/PROG
Address Latch Enable (ALE) is an output pulse for latching the low byte of the address during
accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input (PROG) during Flash
programming. In normal operation, ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator
frequency and may be used for external
timing or clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during each access
to external data memory. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR
location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during
a MOVX or MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-
disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode.

PSEN
Program Store Enable (PSEN) is the read strobe to external program memory.
When the AT89S52 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice
each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external
data memory.

EA/VPP
External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the device to fetch
code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH Note, however,
that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be
internally latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for internal program executions. This
pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage
(VPP) during Flash programming.

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XTAL1
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.
XTAL2
Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.

DTMF DECODER:

Figure:6

29
The MT8870D/MT8870D-1 is a complete DTMF receiver integrating both the band split filter
and digital decoder functions. The filter section uses switched capacitor techniques for high and
low group filters; the decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode all 16
DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is minimized by on chip provision
of a differential input amplifier, clock oscillator and latched three-state bus interface.
Features:-
• Complete DTMF Receiver
• Low power consumption
• Internal gain setting amplifier
• Adjustable guard time
• Central office quality
• Power-down mode
• Inhibit mode
• Backward compatible with
MT8870C/MT8870C-1

30
DC-Motors:

Figure:7

Functional Description
The MT8870D/MT8870D-1 monolithic DTMF receiver offers small size, low power
consumption and high performance. Its architecture consists of a band split filter section, which
separates the high and low group tones, followed by a digital counting section which verifies the
frequency and duration of the received tones before passing the corresponding code to the output
bus.

MOTOR BASIC PRINCIPLES

Energy Conversion
As stated above, mechanical energy is changed into electrical energy by movement of conductor
through a magnetic field. The converse of this is also true. If electrical energy is supplied to a
conductor lying normal to a magnetic field, resulting in current flow in the conductor, a
mechanical force and thus mechanical energy will be produced.

31
Producing Mechanical Force
As in the generator, the motor has a definite relationship between the direction of the magnetic
flux, the direction of motion of the conductor or force, and the direction of the applied voltage or
current.

Since the motor is the reverse of the generator, Fleming's left hand rule can be used. If the thumb
and first two fingers of the left hand are extended at right angles to one another, the thumb will
indicate the direction of motion, the forefinger will indicate the direction of the magnetic field,
and the middle finger will indicate the direction of current. In either the motor or generator, if
the directions of any two factors are known, the third can be easily determined.

32
PIN DESCRIPTION

33
Applications:-

• Receiver system for British Telecom (BT) or

CEPT Spec (MT8870D-1)
• Paging systems
• Repeater systems/mobile radio
• Credit card systems
• Remote control
• Personal computers
• Telephone answering machine

Motor driver (L293):

Figure:8
The L293B and L293E are quad push-pull drivers capable of delivering output currents to 1A
per channel. Each channel is controlled by a TTL compatible logic input and each pair of drivers
(a full bridge) is equipped with an inhibit input which turns off all four transistors.
A separate supply input is provided for the logic so that it may be run off a lower
voltage to reduce dissipation. Additionally, the L293E has external connection of sensing
resistors, for switch mode control. The L293B and L293E are package in 16 and 20-pin plastic
DIPs respectively; both use the four center pins to conduct heat to the printed circuit board.

34
FEATURES:-

 OUTPUT CURRENT 1A PER CHANNEL

 PEAK OUTPUT CURRENT 2A PER CHANNEL
 INHIBIT FACILITY
 HIGH NOISE IMMUNITY
 SEPARATE LOGIC SUPPLY
 OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION

35
Infrared-FLAMME SENSOR Module:

Figure:9

Can detect the flame or wavelength at 760 nm to 760 nm range of light, thee lighter the test
flame distance is 80 cm, on the flame,, the greater the distance test the detection Angle of 60
degrees or so, particularly sensitive to the flame spectrum the sensitivity adjust able digital
potentiometer to adjust (blue) the comparator output, signal clean, good waveform, driving
ability is strong, for more than 15 ma with Adjustable precision potentiometer sensitivity
adjustment.
• The working voltage of 3.33 V to 5 V
• Output form: digital switch output (0 and 1)
• Has a fixed bolt hole, convenient installation
• Small board PPCB size: 3.22 cm x 1.4 cm.
Module USES:
 The most sensitive to the flame, flame sensor, also responds to or diary light,
generally used for fire alarm purposes.
 Small plate output interface can be directly connected to a microcontroller IO port.
 Sensor and fire to keep a certain distance, to avoid thee damage of high temperature
sensors , distance of thee test flame for lighter is 800 cm, on the flame, the greater the
distance test .

36
Obstacle detection sensor:

Figure: 10
Features
 Microcontroller based design for greater flexibility and ease of control
 Modulated IR transmitter
 Ambient light protected IR receiver
 No need Calibration and adjustment
 3 pin easy interface connectors .
 Bus powered module .
 Indicator LED .
 Active low digital output on detecting obstacle.
 Up to 20cm range for white object.
 5 VDC supply sourced through the interfacing Relegate connector.
Applications
 Proximity Sensor.
 Obstacle Detector Sensor.
 Line Follower Sensor.

37
  Wall Follower Sensor.

Expected results

The robotic system detects the signal from the operator handle mobile through DTMF receiver.
The operator handle mobile operate the mobile and provide the direction and the second
mobile which is attach on the robot it achieve the signal and move on according the provided
direction. The robot mainly move in the given direction which is provided by user through key
being pressed.
The system is based upon the GSM technology.
This is the experimental work of the GSM robotic technology. The use offan, flame and depth
sensors is very necessary thing because that will help robot to extinguish blaze if encountered
and identify depths ahead in order to perform tasks properly.

38
 Conclusions

The advantages explained earlier in this chapter justify the significance of a mobile base robotic
arm. The application areas are also vast with the simplest of modification. Since all we need is a
mobile call establishment to instruct the robot due to the cell phones unending and cheap
availability, this is highly feasible. The signal received at the robots mobile is decoded with
DTMF decoder which is easy to use. No heavy motors are employed in the making of the robot,
and thus it becomes very light weight. The level of sophistication is quite low and hence its
working is user friendly.

Since this robot is highly flexible adding components to facilitate application specific
working yields a robot that has high use in vast areas. This project can also be subjected to
standardization and hence has a good future scope.

39
 References
1. “The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture, Programming & Application” by
B.Ram.

2. “The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded system” by Mohammed Ali

Mazidi and Janice GillispieMazidi.

3. http://www.instructables.com/

4. http://www.alldatasheet.com

5. Wikipedia – The free encyclopedia

6. www.8051freeprojectsinfo.com

7. www.atmel.com ( For a datasheet on the 89xxx micro controller)

8. www.national.com (For a datasheet on the LM7805)

9. www.Mitel.com (For a datasheet on the MT8870)

10.www.st.com (For a datasheet on the L293D)

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