1° Tumor arising from bone in adults

Multiple Myeloma
Adrenal Medullary Tumor Adults
Pheochromocytoma
Adrenal Medullary Tumor Children
Neuroblastoma
Bacterial Meningitis adults
Neisseria meningitidis
Bacterial Meningitis elderly
Strep pneumoniae
Bacterial Meningitis newborns
E. coli
Bacterial Meningitis toddlers
Hib
Bone Tumors Metasteses from
Breast & Prostate
Brain Tumor Child
Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
Brain Tumor Adult
Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma,
Schwannoma
Breast Carcinoma
Invasive Duct Carcinoma
Breast Mass
Fibrocystic Change (Carcinoma is the most common is post-menopausal women)
Bug in Acute Endocarditis
Staph aureus
Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt
Klebsiella
Bug in Epiglottitis
 Hib
Bug in GI Tract
Bacteroides (2nd E. coli)
Bug in IV drug user bacteremia / pneumonia
Staph aureus
Bug in PID
N. Gonnorrhoeae
Bug in Subacute Endocarditis
Strep Viridans
Cardiac 1° Tumor Adults
Myxoma "Ball Valve"
Cardiac 1° Tumor Child
Rhabdomyoma
Cardiac Tumor Adults
Metasteses
Cardiomyopathy
Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy
Cause of 2° HTN
Renal Disease
Cause of Addison's
Autoimmune (2nd infection)
Cause of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (then, 11-)
Cause of Cushings
Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, 1° - ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH)
Cause of death in Alzheimer pts
Pneumonia
Cause of death in Diabetics
MI
Cause of Death in SLE pts.
Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative)
Cause of Dementia
Alzheimer's
Cause of Dementia (2nd most common)
Multi-Infarct Dementia
Cause of food poisoning
Staph aureus
Cause of mental retardation
Down's
Cause of mental retardation (2nd most common)
Fragile X
Cause of preventable blindness
Chlamydia
Cause of Pulmonary HTN
COPD
Cause of SIADH
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
Chromosomal disorder
Down's
Congenital cardiac anomaly
VSD (membranous > muscular)
Congenital early cyanosis
Tetralogy of Fallot
Coronary Artery thrombosis
LAD
Demyelinating Disease
Multiple Sclerosis
Dietary Deficiency
Iron
Disseminated opportunistic infection in AIDS
CMV (Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall)
Esophageal cancer
 SCCA
Fatal genetic defect in Caucasians
Cystic Fibrosis
Female Tumor
Leimyoma
Form of Amyloidosis Immunologic (Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also
called the Amyloid Light Chain)
Form of Tularemia
Ulceroglandular
Gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial Carcinoma
Heart Murmur
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis
Mitral
Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users
Tricuspid
Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever
Mitral then Aortic
Hereditary Bleeding Disorder
Von Willebrand's Disease
Liver 1° Tumor
Hepatoma
Liver Disease
Alcoholic Liver Disease
Location of Adult brain tumors
Above Tentorium
Location of Childhood brain tumors
Below Tentorium
Lysosomal Storage Disease
Gaucher's
Motor Neuron Disease
ALS
Neoplasm Child
Leukemia
Neoplasm Child (2nd most common)
Medulloblastoma of brain (cerebellum)
Nephrotic Syndrome
Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Opportunistic infection in AIDS
PCP
Ovarian Malignancy
Serous Cystadenoma
Ovarian Tumor
Hamartoma
Pancreatic Tumor
Adeno (usually in the head)
Patient with ALL / CLL / AML / CML
ALL - Child / CLL - Adult over 60 / AML - Adult over 60 / CML - Adult 35-50
Patient with Goodpasture's
Young male
Patient with Reiter's
Male
Pituitary Tumor
Prolactinoma (2nd Somatotropic "Acidophilic" Adenoma)
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)
Pt. With Hodgkin's
Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type Female)
Pt. With Minimal Change Disease
Young Child
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
 Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure
Sexually transmitted disease
Chlamydia
Site of Diverticula
Sigmoid Colon
Site of metastasis
Regional Lymph Nodes
Site of metastasis (2nd most common)
Liver
Sites of atherosclerosis
Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid
Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Stomach cancer
Adeno
Testicular Tumor
Seminoma
Thyroid Cancer
Papillary Carcinoma
Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Lower esophagus joins trachea / upper esophagus blind pouch
Tumor of Infancy
Hemangioma
Type of Hodkin's
Mixed Cellularity (versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion,
nodular sclerosis)
Type of Non-Hodgkin's
Follicular, small cleaved
Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries)
Temporal Arteritis
Viral Encephalitis
 HSV
Worm infection in US
Pinworm (2nd Ascaris)

Bacteremia / pneumonia in IVDA S. aureus

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Bacteria a/w cancer H pylori
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Bacteria found in GI tract (2) Bacteroides (E. coli 2nd)
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Brain tumor (adults) (4) Mets > astrocytoma (incl. GBM) > meningioma > schwannoma
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Brain tumor (kids) Medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
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Brain tumor - supratentorial (kids) Crainopharyngioma
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Breast cancer Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (1 in 9 F in USA develop BC)
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Breast mass Fibrocystic change (but in postmenopausal women, carcinoma is #1)
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Breast tumor (benign) Fibroadenoma
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Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt Klebsiella
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Cardiac primary tumor (adults) Myxoma (4:1 L to R atrium, "ball and valve" effect)
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Cardiac primary tumor (kids) Rhabdomyoma
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Cardiac tumor (adults) Mets
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Cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy
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Chromosomal disorder "Down syndrome (a/w ALL, Alz disease, endocardial cushion
defects)"
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Chronic arrhythmia A-fib (a/w high risk of emboli)
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Congenital cardiac anomaly VSD
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Constrictive pericarditis Tuberculosis
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Coronary artery involved in thrombosis LAD > RCA > LCA
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Cyanosis (early, less common than late) Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels,
truncus arteriosis
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Cyanosis (late, more common than early) VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin, open
with misoprostol)
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Demyelinating disease Multiple sclerosis
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Dietary deficit Iron
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Epiglottitis H. flu type B
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Esophageal cancer Squamous cell carcinoma
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Gene involved in cancer p53 tumor suppressor gene
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Group affected by cystic fibrosis Caucasians (fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies, mucus plugs /
lung infections)
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GYN malignancy Endometrial carcinoma
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Heart murmur Mitral valve prolapse
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Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis (normally / IVDA) Mitral normally; Tricuspid in IVDA
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Heart valve in rheumatic fever (2) Mitral, aortic is #2
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Helminth infection in USA (2) Enterobius vermicularis (Ascaris lumbricoides is #2)
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Kidney stones (2) Calcium = radiopaque (#2 is ammonium, radiopaque, formed by urease-
positive organisms like Proteus vulgaris, Staph)
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Leukemia (adults) AML
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Liver disease Alcoholic liver disease
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Location of brain tumors (adults) Supratentorial
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Location of brain tumors (kids) Infratentorial
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Lysosomal storage disease Gaucher's disease
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Male cancer Prostatic carcinoma
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Malignancy associated with non-infectious fever Hodgkin's disease
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Malignant skin tumor Basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)
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Mets to bone Breast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney
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Mets to brain Lung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (RCC), GI
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Mets to liver Colon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, lung carcinomas
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Motor neuron disease ALS
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Neoplasm (kids) (2) ALL (medulloblastoma in cerebellum is #2)
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Nephrotic syndrome Membranous glomerulonephritis
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Obstruction of male urinary tract BPH
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Opportunistic infection in AIDS PJP = PCP
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Organ receiving mets Adrenal gland (due to rich blood supply)
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Organ sending mets (3) Lung > breast, stomach
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Ovarian tumor (benign) Serous cystadenoma
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Ovarian tumor (malignant) Serous cystadenocarcinoma
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Pancreatic tumor Adenocarcinoma (head of pancreas)
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Patient with ALL / CLL / AML / CML (age) ALL = child, CLL = adult > 60, AML = adult >
60, CML = adult 35-50
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Patient with Hodgkin's Young male (except nodular sclerosis type = female)
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Patient with minimal change disease Young child
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Patient with Reiter's Male
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Pituitary tumor (2) Prolactinoma (2nd = somatotropic "acidophilic" adenoma)
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Preventable cancer Lung cancer
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Primary bone tumor (adults) Multiple myeloma
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Primary hyperparathyroidism (3) Adenomas > hyperplasia > carcinoma
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Primary liver tumor Hepatoma
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Renal tumor Renal cell carcinoma: a/w von Hippel-Lindau, acquired polycystic kidney
disease, paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism Hypocalcemia of chronic renal failure
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Sexually transmitted disease Chlamydia
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Site of diverticula Sigmoid colon
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Site of metastasis (2) Regional lymph nodes (liver is #2)
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Site of atherosclerosis (4) Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid
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Skin cancer Basal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)
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Stomach cancer Adenocarcinoma
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Testicular tumor Seminoma
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Thyroid cancer Papillary carcinoma
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Tracheoesophageal fistula Upper esophagus ends in blind pouch; lower esophagus joins
trachea
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Tumor in men Prostate carcinoma
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Tumor in women Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent) = fibroids
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Tumor in infancy Hemangioma
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Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults) Pheochromocytoma (benign)
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Tumor of the adrenal medulla (kids) Neuroblastoma (malignant)
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Type of Hodgkin's Nodular sclerosis (vs mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominance,
lymphocytic depletion)
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Type of non-Hodgkin's Follicular, small cleaved
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Type of pituitary adenoma Prolactinoma
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Vasculitis Temporal arteritis (risk ipsilateral blindness from thrombosis of ophthalmic artery
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Aneurysm, dissecting Hypertension
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Aortic aneurysm (abdominal+descending vs ascending) Atherosclerosis (abdominal +
descending) / tertiary syphilis (ascending)
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Bacterial meningitis (adults vs elderly vs kids) Adults: Strep pneumoniae; elderly = S.
pneumo; kids = S. pneumo or N. meningitidis
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Cancer a/w AIDS Kaposi's sarcoma
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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 21-hydroxylase deficiency
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Cretinism Hypothyroidism / iodine deficit
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Cushing's syndrome (2) Corticosteroid therapy (#2 = excess ACTH secretion by pituitary)
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Death in CML Blast crisis
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Death in SLE Lupus nephropathy
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Dementia (2) Alzheimer's (multi-infarct is #2)
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DIC (4) Gram-negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma
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Ejection click Aortic / pulmonic stenosis
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Food poisoning S. aureus
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Glomerulonephritis (Adults) IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)
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Hematoma - epidural Rupture of middle meningeal artery (arterial bleeding is fast)
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Hematoma - subdural Rupture of bridging veins (trauma; venous bleeding is slow)
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Hemochromotosis Multiple blood transfusions (can lead to CHF, inc. risk of hepatocellular
carcinoma)
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Hepatic cirrhosis EtOH
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Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhotic liver (often a/w hepatitis B/C)
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Holosystolic murmur (3) VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation
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Hypertension (secondary) Renal disease
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Hypoparathyroidism Thyroidectomy
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Hypopituitarism Adenoma
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Infection in blood transfusion Hepatitis C
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Infection in burn victims Pseudomonas
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Machine-like murmur PDA
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Mental retardation (2) Down syndrome (Fragile X is #2)
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MI Atherosclerosis
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Mitral valve stenosis Rheumatic heart disease
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Myocarditis Coxsackie B
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Nephrotic syndrome (adults) Membranous glomerulonephritis
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Nephrotic syndrome (kids) Minimal change disease (a/w infections / vaccinations; treat with
corticosteroids)
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Opening snap Mitral stenosis
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Osteomyelitis S aureus
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Osteomyelitis in pts with sickle cell disease Salmonella
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Osteomyelitis with IVDA Pseudomonas
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Pancreatitis (acute) (2) EtOH and gallstones
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Pancreatitis (chronic) (kids vs adults) Kids: cystic fibrosis; adults: EtOH
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Peu d'orange Carcinoma of the breast
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PID Neisseria gonorrhea (monoarticular arthritis)
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Pneumonia: hospital-acquired Klebsiella
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Pneumonia in CF or burn infection Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Preventable blindness Chlamydia
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Primary amenorrhea Turner's (XO)
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Primary hyperaldosteronism Adenoma of adrenal cortex
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Primary hyperparathyroidism Adenoma
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Pulmonary hypertension COPD
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Right heart failure due to a pulmonary cause Cor pulmonale
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Right-sided heart failure Left-sided heart failure
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Sheehan's syndrome Postpartum pituitary infarction secondary to hemorrhage
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SIADH Small cell carcinoma of the lung
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UTI (overall vs in young women) E. coli overall / E. coli + Staphylococcus saprophyticus in
young women