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390
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
391
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
392
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
and consequently to
(5)
t1
1
2
T
* s * 3 *Vd Vq
V
dc
dc T j dc Ts T j
1 V V 1 Ts
V ref j
2 2 Ts
t2 2 *
Vdc
*Vq
(6) (13), (14)
1 Tests that associate vector and scalar approaches are
Since
V ref j
are assumed to be constant over Ts. From synthesized in below Table.
expression (6) it is possible to calculate the time
intervals, that is
V 1ref j 1
T j Ts
Vdc 2
(7)
In equation (7)T1,T2,and T3 are the time intervals in
which switches q1, q2and q3are closed. respectively,
Although the average voltages obtained by this approach
refer to the point 0 , it can be shown that the average
phase voltages equal the reference voltages respectively, A similar result is obtained when t1 and t2 are calculated
for symmetrical loads. Using the conservative three- from (13) and (14), with T1 and T2 given by (8)–(10).
phase to two-phase transformation, the equation (7) can This fact demonstrates that the inverter controlled by
be expressed in terms of d-q components as either SVPWM or DSPWM methods provides the same
2 Vd 1 average voltage as applied to the load [13].
T1 * * Ts
3 Vdc 2 The expressions in (13) and (14) may be generalized by
ordering the values computed using equations (8)–(10),
1 Vd 3Vq 1
T2 * * Ts i.e., by introducing the concept of maximum, Tmax,
6 V 2 minimum , Tmin , and intermediate, pulse-widths values.
dc
In the case of Fig. 4.4, the ordering isT max = T1, Tmin = T3
1 Vd 3Vq 1
T3 * *T and Ti = T2. From this, it can determined that
6 2
t k Tmax Ti
Vdc
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
393
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
Similarly
T 1
min
min T T
h is modified to be . By using
(18), one can find out that Th is Fig 5 non sinusoidal modulating signals (a): constant µ,
Th t02 Tmin (22)
(b) variable µ
Since the time intervals Th computed by (21) and (26) 3.2 IMPLEMENTING NSMS:
must be equal, it can be written that The distribution ratio µ can be defined in terms of logic
t01 t02 Ts Tmax Tmin (23)
signals originated from the comparison among the
calculated pulse-widths in the DSPWM technique [14].
Taking into account the fact that The six intervals 1 to 6 define the ordered Voltage
t 01 t 02 t 0 t oi t of
, the equivalence is completely
Segments (OVS) which are ordered in terms of their
magnitude. It can be noticed that each OVS has a
established. The most usual case corresponds to t0i = t0f characteristic switching pattern. As shown in that figure,
=t0/2 and uses (21) or (22) to calculate Th. a1,a2 and a3 signals are obtained from the following
comparisons.
3.1 NON-SINUSOIDAL WAVEFORMS:
a1 1 ifT1 T2 elsea1 0
It has been seen from Fig 4 that t1 and t2 do not change if
a zero-sequence component, Vh, is added to each a2 1 ifT2 T3elsea 2 0
reference signal within the sampling interval. In contrast, a3 1 ifT3 T1elsea 3 0
the values toi of and tof change to t101 and t102. This c a a a3
From these signals one can obtain 1 2
change in the distribution of the null-vectors within the
sampling interval, which can be represented in terms of Where is the exclusive OR operator.
the parameter µ.The total time interval for application of Signals bj result from comparisons as given below
the zero-sequence components, as a function of µ, is Ts
t01 Ts Tmax Tmin if T1 , b1 1 else b1 0
t02 1 Ts Tmax Tmin 2
given -(24), (25) T
Therefore, one can say that the distribution of the null- if T2 s , b2 1 else b2 0
vectors in the DSPWM plays the same role as the non 2
Ts
sinusoidal modulating signals in the carrier based if T3 , b3 1 else b3 0
modulation technique, within the same sampling 2
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
394
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
IV. RESULTS
Fig. 7 for µ =0:Modulating Waveform, Pulses, Line
The DSPWM algorithm was validated by simulation voltage & Stator Current
tests for three-phase voltage source inverter fed
Induction Motor drive with the following rating.
400 Volts, 4 kW, 4-pole, 1470 RPM, 50 Hz, rated torque
= 30 N-m, Rs =1.57 ohm, Rr = 1.21 ohm
Lm = 0.165 H,Ls = 0.17 H, Lr = 0.17 H,J = 0.089 Kg - m2
The DSPWM mainly generates different types of
modulating signals by varying distribution ratio values.
The distribution ratio can be a constant or varying value.
The figure 6 to figure11 show the wave forms of
modulating signal, pulses, line voltage and stator current,
line for various values of distribution ratio and figure 12
to figure 17 shows total harmonic distortion of stator
current of induction motor drive.
Fig. 8 for µ =1: Modulating Waveform, Pulses, Line
voltage & Stator Current
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
395
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
www.ijsret.org
International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882
396
Volume 5, Issue 7, July 2016
www.ijsret.org