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short - circuit current calculation

1- Isc at secondary terminas of a HV/LV distribution transformer

I sc = In / Usc

where

Isc : short circuit Fault current In Amps .


Usc In %
Usc : Short-Circuit Impedance Voltage Of Transformer In % KVA
50 - 630
In : Nominal current In Amps . 800-2500

In : Nominal current In Amps .

In = P ( KVA )*1000 / U20

U20 : Secondary Volts At Open Circuit.

transfomer rated power (KVA) 50 100


transfomer current Ir (A) 69 137
oil - immersed transformer Isc (KA) Psc = 250 MVA 1.71 3.40
Psc = 500 MVA 1.71 3.42
cast - resin transformer Isc (KA) Psc = 250 MVA 1.14 2.28
Psc = 500 MVA 1.14 2.28

tables H1-33 : Isc at the LV terminals of 3-phase HV/LV transformers supplied from a HV system w

* Note
the case of several transformers in parallel feeding a busbar

the value of Isc can be estimated as the sum of the Isc from each transformer calculated
Data Must Be Known
Power Usc Rated Voltage

In KVA In % in volt

1000 6 420

RESULTS

Rated Current In Amps Short Circuit Fault Current In Amps

In 1375 Isc = 22.91

3 - phase short - circuit (Isc) at any point within a LV installation


in a 3-phase installation Isc at any point is given by

Isc = U20/ √ ZT

U20 = phase -to-phase voltage of the open circuited secondary , windings of the power su
ZT = total impedance per phase of the installation upstream of the fault loctin (in ohms)
________________________________________________________________________

method of caculating ZT

Each component of an installation (HV network,transformer, cable,circuit breaker,busbar, a

ZT = √ RT2 +XT2
________________________________________________________________________

determination of the impedance of the HV network

Zs = U0²/Psc Zs = impedance of the HV voltage network,expressed in milli-o


Uo = phase-to-phase no load LV voltage, expressed in volts.

Ra is generally found to be negligible compared with Xa


for accurate calculation Ra = 0.15 Xa

Psc Uo (V)
250 MVA 420
500 MVA 420

tables H1-36 : the impedance of the HV network referred to the LV side of the HV/LV transformer

circuit brakers
while the resistance is neglected , Rc.b= 0 , Xc.b = 0.15 m Ω per circuit breake

busbars
while the resistance is neglected , Rb.b= 0 , Xb.b = 0.15 m Ω per meter length

circuit conductors
Rc = ρ x L / S where ρ = 22.5 m Ω .mm
ρ = 36 m Ω .mm

Note Xc =0.08 m Ω / m
for c.s.a of less than 50 mm² reactance may be ignored Xc =0.096 m Ω / m

for prefabricated bus-trunking and similar pre-wired ducting systems, the manfacturer should

R R (mΩ) X (mΩ)

HV network
Psc = 500 MVA 0.05 0.35

transformer
20 KV/420V , Pn = 1000 KVA 2.35 10.34
Usc = 6 % , Pcu = 13.3 x 10³ watts
single-core cables Rc = (22.5/4) x (5/240) Xc = 0.08 x 5
5m copper = 0.12 = 0.40
4 x 240 mm² / phase
main
circuit breaker RD = 0 XD = 0.15

busbar
10 meter RB = 0 XB = 1.5

three-core cable Rc = 22.5 x (100/95) Xc = 100x 0.08


100 m = 23.68 =8
95 mm² copper
three-core cable
20 m Rc = 22.5 x (20/10) Xc = 20x 0.08
10 mm² copper =45 = 1.6
final circuits

three-core cable Rc = 22.5 x (20/10) xc = 20x 0.08


20 m = 45 = 1.6
10 mm² copper
final circuits

table H1-39 : example of short-circuit current calculations for a LV installation supplied at 400 V (nom
ulation

sformer

Usc In %
oil Cast-Resin
4 6
6 6

160 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 1600
220 344 433 550 687 866 1100 1375 1718 2199
5.41 8.38 10.5 13.2 16.4 20.4 17.4 21.5 26.4 33.1
5.45 8.49 10.7 13.5 16.8 21.0 17.9 22.2 27.5 34.8
3.63 5.63 7.07 8.93 11.1 13.9 17.4 21.5 26.4 33.1
3.65 5.68 7.14 9.04 11.3 14.1 17.9 22.2 27.5 34.8

plied from a HV system with a 3-phase faults level of 500 MVA,or 250 MVA at 420 V no load voltage

ch transformer calculated separately


22.91 KA

windings of the power supply transformers


the fault loctin (in ohms)
___________________________________

le,circuit breaker,busbar, and so on …. )

___________________________________

etwork,expressed in milli-ohms
tage, expressed in volts.

e compared with Xa
Ra (m-ohm) Xa ( m-ohm)
0.11 0.71
0.05 0.35

the HV/LV transformer

.15 m Ω per circuit breaker

0.15 m Ω per meter length

ρ = 22.5 m Ω .mm ² / m for copper


= 36 m Ω .mm ² / m for aluminium

Xc =0.08 m Ω / m for 50 HZ system


Xc =0.096 m Ω / m for 60 HZ system

s, the manfacturer should be consulted .

X (mΩ) RT (mΩ) XT (mΩ) Isc = 420 / √3 * √ ( RT² + XT² ) CO

Zs = Uo² / Psc ,
0.35 Ra = 0.15 Xa

Rtr = Pcu x 10³ / 3 In²


10.34 Xa = √ Ztr ² - Rtr ²
avec Ztr = ( U² 2o/Pn ) * ( Usc / 100
Xc = 0.08 x 5 Rc = ρ L / S
2.52 11.1 Isc1 = 21.3 KA Xc = 0.08 mΩ / meter

RD = 0
XD = 0.15 XD = 0.15 Per Circuit Breaker

RB = 0
XB = 1.5 2.52 12.75 Isc2 = 18.6 KA XB = 0.15 mΩ / meter

c = 100x 0.08 Rc = ρ L / S
26.2 20.75 Isc3 = 7.24 KA Xc = 0.08 mΩ / meter
26.2 20.75 Isc3 = 7.24 KA

Xc = 20x 0.08 Rc = ρ L / S
71.2 22.35 Isc4 = 3.24 KA Xc = 0.08 mΩ / meter

xc = 20x 0.08 Rc = often negligible for S ≥ 200 m


71.2 22.35 Isc4 = 3.24 KA R=ρL/S
Xc = 0.08 mΩ / meter

on supplied at 400 V (nominal) from a 1000 KVA HV/LV transformer


2000 2500
2749 3437
40.4 49.1
43.0 52.9
40.4 49.1
43.0 52.9

oltage
COMMENT

Zs = HV impedance in milli - ohm


Uo = phase-to-phase no- load LV in volts
Psc = HV 3-phase short-circuit fault level in KVA .
x 10³ / 3 In² Rtr = is often negligible compared to Xtr for trn ≥ 100 KVA

= ( U² 2o/Pn ) * ( Usc / 100 ) or Isc = In x100/Usc


L/S
mΩ / meter where ρ = 22.5 milli-ohms x mm² for copper .
where ρ = 36 milli-ohms x mm² for aluminium .

15 Per Circuit Breaker

5 mΩ / meter

L/S TRN1
mΩ / meter where ρ = 22.5 milli-ohms x mm² for copper . TRN2
where ρ = 36 milli-ohms x mm² for aluminium .

L/S
mΩ / meter where ρ = 22.5 milli-ohms x mm² for copper .
where ρ = 36 milli-ohms x mm² for aluminium .

en negligible for S ≥ 200 mm² in the formula below

mΩ / meter
CABLE1
CABLE2
CABLE3

CB1
CB2
CB3
CB4

B.B1
B.B2

DAT
Uo (V)
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
230
(1) determination of the impedance of the HV network

DATA RESULTS COMMEN


Psc Uo X(mΩ) R(mΩ) Z(mΩ) Isc Psc 500/250 MVA
500 420 0.353 0.053 0.357 679.74 Uo = 420 v , 400 v , for rated
300 400 0.320 0.048 0.324 713.72 X,R,Z in milli ohm (mΩ) and

(2) determination of Isc at secondary terminals of a HV/LV distribution tran

DATA RESULTS
Pn(KVA) Uo(V) Usc(%) Pcu(W) X(mΩ) R(mΩ) Z(mΩ) In(A) Isc(KA)
1000 230 6 15 2.47 1.99 3.17 2510.29 41.84
1000 420 6 13.3 10.1 3.22 10.58 1374.68 22.91
(2) quick estimation

DATA RESULTS COMMENT


P(KVA) Usc(%) Uo(V) In (A) Isc(KA) Usc = 6 % for 800 to 630 KVA
Usc = 4 % for 50 to 2500 KVA
1000 6 230 2510.29 41.84

(3) determination of Isc for low voltage cables

DATA RESULTS
L (m) S (mm²) Uo(V) N (n) ρ R(mΩ) X(mΩ) Z(mΩ) Isc(KA)
10 300 230 5 22.5 0.15 0.80 0.81 163.15
50 120 230 2 22.5 4.69 4.00 6.16 21.55
10 25 230 1 22.5 9.00 0.80 9.04 14.70

(4) determination of Isc for circuit breaker

DATA RESULTS
N (n) Uo(V) R(mΩ) X(mΩ) Z(mΩ) Isc(KA)
1 0 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00
1 0 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00
1 0 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00
1 0 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00

(5) determination of Isc for busbars

DATA RESULTS
L (m) Uo(V) R(mΩ) X(mΩ) Z(mΩ) Isc(KA)
10 0 0.00 1.50 1.50 0.00
5 0 0.00 0.75 0.75 0.00

DATA RESULTS
NO Item R(mΩ) X(mΩ) Z(mΩ) 0 0 Rt(mΩ)
1 transformer 1.99 2.47 3.17 1.99 2.47 1.99
2 cable (1) 0.15 0.8 0.81 2.14 3.27 2.14
3 circuit breaker (1) 0 0.15 0.15 2.14 3.42 2.14
4 busbar (1) 0 1.5 1.5 2.14 4.92 2.14
5 circuit breaker (2) 0 0.15 0.15 2.14 5.07 2.14
6 cable (2) 4.69 4 6.16 6.83 9.07 6.83
7 circuit breaker (3) 0 0.15 0.15 6.83 9.22 6.83
8 busbar (2) 0 0.75 0.75 6.83 9.97 6.83
9 circuit breaker (4) 0.00 0.15 0.15 6.83 10.12 6.83
10 cable (3) 9.00 0.80 9.04 15.83 10.92 15.83
ance of the HV network

COMMENT

Psc 500/250 MVA


Uo = 420 v , 400 v , for rated load 400v , 380 v
X,R,Z in milli ohm (mΩ) and Isc in KA

a HV/LV distribution transformer

COMMENT
For roughly estimation
Isc = In/Usc In= nominal current in amp.
Usc = sc impedance voltage in %
n

COMMENT

voltage cables

COMMENT
L : length of cable in meter
S : c.s.a of cable in mm²
ρ :22.5 / 36 mΩxmm²/m for copper / alumimuim
N : no. of conductor /phase

rcuit breaker

COMMENT
N : no of pole
Rd = 0 ( negligible )

Xd = 0.15 mΩ / pole

r busbars

COMMENT
L : length of busbar in meter
Rb = 0 ( negligible )
Xb = 0.15 mΩ / m

COMMENT
Xt(mΩ) Zt(mΩ) Isc(KA)
2.47 3.17 41.84
3.27 3.91 33.96
3.42 4.04 32.90
4.92 5.37 24.74
5.07 5.50 24.12
9.07 11.35 11.70
9.22 11.47 11.57
9.97 12.09 10.99
10.12 12.21 10.88
10.92 19.23 6.91
CABLE AND BREAKER SIZE TABLE ACCORDING TO SCECO

connected Amp Range Minimum (cu) Maximum (cu)


Cable Size Cable Size
GT LE mm2 mm2
1 30 4x25 4x25
30 72 4x35 4x35
72 130 4x35 4x50
130 198 4x70 4x95
198 250 4x95 4x120
250 350 4x150 4x185
350 400 4x240 4x240
400 500 4x240 2x4x240
500 600 2x4x240 2x4x300
600 700 2x4x300 2x4x300
700 800 2x4x300 2x4x300
800 1000 3x4x240 3x4x240
1000 1250 7x1x630 7x1x630
1250 1600 7x1x630 7x1x630
1600 2000 11x1x630 11x1x630
2000 2500 14x1x630 14x1x630
2500 3000 14x1x630 14x1x630
NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION (T-1)

127/220 V
RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS ( T-1 )

COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter


SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

25 4 2.5
50 8 5 30 11.43 3x25 (100)
74 11 7.4

75 12 7.5
100 16 10
125 20 12.5 60 22.86 3x25 (100)
150 24 15
174 27 17.4

175 28 17.5
200 32 20
225 36 22.5
250 40 25 100 38.11 3x25 (100)
275 43 27.5
300 46 30
324 49 32.4

325 50 32.5
350 53 35
375 56 37.5
400 60 40
425 63 42.5 150 57.16 3x40 (160)
450 66 45
475 70 47.5
500 73 50
524 75 52.4

525 76 52.5
550 80 55
575 83 57.5
600 86 60 200 76.21 C.T.
625 90 62
200 76.21 C.T.

650 93 65
674 95 67.4

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

127/220 V

RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS ( T-1 )

675 96 67.5
700 100 70
725 103 72.5
750 106 75
775 110 77.5
800 113 80
300 114.32 C.T.
825 116 82.5
850 120 85
875 123 87.5
900 126 90
925 130 92.5
950 133 95

951 134 95.1


975 136 97.5
1000 140 100
1025 143 102.5 400 152.42 C.T.
1050 146 105
1075 150 107.5
1100 152 110

1101 153 110.1


1125 156 112.5
1150 160 115
1175 163 117.5
1200 166 120
500 190.53 C.T.
1300 180 130
1400 193 140
1500 206 150
1600 220 160
1658 228 165.8

1659 229 165.9


1700 233 170
1800 246 180
1900 260 190
800 304.84 C.T.
2000 273 200
2100 286 210
2200 300 220
2236 305 223.6

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

127/220 V
COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS ( T-2 )
COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

25 6 3
50 10 6 30 11.43 3x25 (100)
55 11 6.6

56 12 6.7
75 16 9
60 22.86 3x25 (100)
100 22 12
125 27 15

126 28 15.1
150 32 18
175 36 21
100 38.11 3x25 (100)
200 40 24
225 43 27
230 49 27.6

231 50 27.7
250 54 30
275 59 33
150 57.15 3x40 (160)
300 64 36
325 70 39
350 75 42

351 76 42.1
375 80 45
400 86 48 200 76.21 C.T.
425 91 51
449 95 53.9

450 96 54
475 102 57
500 107 60
300 114.3 C.T.
525 112 63
300 114.3 C.T.
550 118 66
575 123 69
600 128 72
624 133 74.9

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

127/220 V
COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS ( T-2 )
COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

625 134 75.5


650 139 78
675 144 81 400 152.4 C.T.
700 150 84
711 152 85.3

712 153 85.4


725 155 87
750 160 90
775 166 93
800 171 96
825 176 99
850 182 102
875 187 105 500
190.5 C.T.
900 192 108
925 198 111
950 203 114
975 208 117
1000 214 120
1025 219 123
1050 224 126
1069 228 128

1070 229 128.4


1075 230 129
1100 235 132
1125 240 135
1150 246 138 800
304.8 C.T.
1175 250 141
1200 256 144
1300 278 156
1400 299 168
1429 305 171.5
NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS 220/380 V ( T-3 )


COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

25 4 2.5
50 8 5
75 12 7.5 30 19.74 3x25 (100)
100 16 10
124 19 12.4

125 20 12.5
150 24 15
175 28 17.5
200 32 20
225 36 22.5 60 39.48 3x25 (100)
250 40 25
275 43 27.5
300 46 30
312 47 31.2

313 48 31.3
325 50 32.5
350 53 35
375 56 37.5
400 60 40
425 63 42.5
450 66 45 100 65.8 3x25 (100)
475 70 47.5
500 73 50
525 76 52.5
550 80 55
575 83 57.5
599 85 59.9

600 86 60
625 90 62.5
650 93 65
675 96 67.5
700 100 70

150 98.7 3x40 (160)


725 103 72.5
750 106 75
150 98.7 3x40 (160)
775 110 77.5
800 113 80
825 116 82.5
850 120 85
875 123 87.5
900 126 90
930 130 93

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS 220/380 V ( T-3 )


COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

931 131 93.1


950 133 95
975 136 97
1000 140 100
1025 143 102.5
1050 146 105
200 131.6 C.T.
1075 150 107.5
1100 152 110
1125 156 112.5
1150 160 115
1175 163 117.5
1188 164 118.8

1189 165 118.9


1200 166 120
1300 180 130
1400 193 140 300 197.4 C.T.
1500 206 150
1600 220 160
1679 230 167.9

1680 231 168


1700 233 170
1800 246 180 400 263.2 C.T.
1900 260 190
1923 263 192.3

1924 264 192.4


2000 273 200
2100 286 210
2200 300 220
2300 313 230
2400 326 240
500 329 C.T.
2500 340 250
2600 353 260
2700 366 270
2800 380 280
2900 393 290
2916 395 291.6

2917 396 291.7


3000 406 300 800 526.4 C.T.
3890 526 389

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS 220/380 V ( T-4 )


COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

25 6 3
50 10 6
30 19.74 3x25 (100)
75 16 9
92 19 11

93 20 11.2
100 22 12
125 27 15
150 32 18 60 39.48 3x25 (100)
175 38 21
200 43 24
224 47 26.9

225 48 27
250 54 30
275 59 33
300 64 36
100 65.8 3x25 (100)
325 70 39
350 75 42
375 80 45
399 85 47.9

400 86 48
425 91 51
450 96 54
475 102 57
500 107 60
150 98.7 3x40 (160)
525 112 63
550 118 66
575 123 69
600 128 72
611 130 73.3
612 131 73.4
625 134 75
650 139 78
675 144 81
200 131.6 C.T.
700 150 84
725 155 87
750 160 90
772 164 92.6

NEW MINISTRY GUIDELINES FOR CUSTOMER LOAD ESTIMATION

COMMERCIAL CUSTOMERS 220/380 V ( T-4 )


COVERED AREA TOTAL UNIT A/C CONTRACTED LOAD KWH Meter
SQ METER CONNECTED CONNECTED C.B RATING
(KVA) Size (Amps)
LOAD (KVA) LOAD (KVA) (Amps)

773 165 92.8


775 166 93
800 171 96
825 176 99
850 182 102
875 187 105
300 197.4 C.T.
900 192 108
925 198 111
950 203 114
975 208 117
1000 214 120
1025 219 123
1050 224 126
1075 230 129

1076 231 129.1


1100 235 132
1125 240 135
1150 246 138 400 263.2 C.T.
1175 250 141
1200 256 144
1233 263 148

1234 264 148.1


1300 278 156
1400 299 168
1500 320 180 500 329 C.T.
1600 342 192
1700 363 204
1800 384 216
1852 395 222.2
1853 396 222.4
1900 405 228
2000 427 240
2100 448 252 800 526.4 C.T.
2200 469 264
2300 491 276
2400 512 288
2465 526 295.8

INDIVIDUAL EQUIPMENT DEMAND FACTORS

( TABLE - 5 )
CONTRACTED LOAD
S/N TYPE OF LOAD RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL AGR.FARMS

1 CENTRAL A/CS 1 1 1 1
2 WINDOW TYPE A/CS 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7
3 LIGHTING ( INTERIOR / EXTERIOR ) 1 1 1 1
4 REFRIGERATION / COOLING 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
5 FANS/BLOWERS 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
6 EQUIPMENT USED IN KITCKENS 0.2 0.2 0.2 ___
7 WATER HEATERS 0.2 0.2 0.2 ___
8 LAUNDARY EQUIPMENT 0.2 0.2 0.2 ___
9 APPLIANCES USED FOR RECREATION 0.2 0.2 ___ ___
10 APPLIANCES USED FOR SEVICES 0.2 0.2 0.2 ___
11 EQUIPMENT USED IN OFFICE/LABS ____ 0.2 0.2 ___
12 WELDING EQUIPMENT ____ 0.15 0.15 ___
13 ELECTRIC MOTORS USED FOR CRAFTS,
WORKSHOPS & SERVICE CENTERS ____ 0.25 0.25 ___
14 ELECTRIC MOTORS USED FOR BATCH WORKS,
FLUCTUATING OR MULTIPLE PRODUCTION ____ ____ 0.4 0.4
15 ELECTRIC MOTORS USED FOR CONTINOUS
PROCESS AND MASS PRODUCTION ____ ____ 0.6 ___
16 PROCESS HEATING USING OVENS ____ ____ 0.35 ___
17 PROCESS HEATING USING FURNACES ____ ____ 0.75 ___
18 MISCELLANEOUS ( NOT COVERED ABOVE ) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

DIVERSITY FACTORS
( TABLE - 6 )

NO OF CUSTOMERS APPLICABLE NO OF CUSTOMERS APPLICABLE

IN THE GROUP ( N) DIVERSITY FACTOR ( DVF) IN THE GROUP ( N) DIVERSITY FACTOR ( DVF)

1 1 9 1.6

2 1.38 10 1.62

3 1.45 11--15 1.66

4 1.5 16--20 1.68

5 1.53 21--30 1.71

6 1.55 31--50 1.75

7 1.57 50--100 1.8

8 1.59 ABOVE 100 1.8


DVF = 1.25/(0.67+(.33/√N )) DVF = DIVERSITY FACTOR

CF = (0.67+(.33/√N )) / 1.25 CF = COVERAGE FACTOR


CABLE AND BREAKER SIZE TABLE ACCORDING TO SCECO

connected Amp Range Minimum (cu) Maximum (cu) Maximum


Cable Size Cable Size C.B. Size
GT LE mm2 mm2 Amp.
1 30 4x25 4x25 30
30 72 4x35 4x35 60
72 130 4x35 4x50 100
130 198 4x50 4x50 150
198 250 4x95 4x120 200
250 350 4x150 4x185 300
350 400 4x240 4x240 400
400 500 4x240 2x4x240 500
500 600 2x4x240 2x4x300 600
600 700 2x4x300 2x4x300 700
700 800 2x4x300 2x4x300 800
800 1000 3x4x240 3x4x240 1000
1000 1250 7x1x630 7x1x630 1250
1250 1600 7x1x630 7x1x630 1600
1600 2000 11x1x630 11x1x630 2000
2000 2500 14x1x630 14x1x630 2500
2500 3000 14x1x630 14x1x630 3000
Derating factors for low voltage cable ( Sauidi cable company )

Table 15

Derating factors for variation in ground temprature

Ground temperature ( C ) 25 30 35 40 45 50
XLPE Insul.cable 1.09 1.04 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85
PVC ( rated 85 C ) cable 1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.89 0.84
PVC ( rated 70 C ) cable 1.13 1.07 1.00 0.93 0.85 0.76

Table 16

Derating factors for variation in depth of burial ( to centre of the trefoil group of cables )

Depth of 600/1000 volt cable


_________________________________________________________
laying ( Meter ) up to 70 mm2 to Above
50 mm2 300 mm2 300 mm2
0.60 0.99 0.98 0.97
0.80 0.97 0.96 0.94
1.00 0.95 0.93 0.92
1.25 0.94 0.92 0.89
1.50 0.93 0.9 0.87
1.75 0.92 0.89 0.86
2.00 0.91 0.88 0.85

Table 17

Derating factors for variation in thermal resistivity of soil

Thermal resistivity of
soil ( k.m/w ) 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.20 1.50 2.00
Rating factor 1.17 1.12 1.07 1.00 0.89 0.84

Table 18

Derating factors for variation in air temprature

Ground temperature ( C ) 25 30 35 40 45 50
XLPE Insul.cable 1.14 1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.89
PVC ( rated 85 C ) cable 1.15 1.11 1.05 1.00 0.94 0.88
PVC ( rated 70 C ) cable 1.22 1.15 1.08 1.00 0.91 0.82

Table 19

Group derating factors for multicore cables in flat formation

Spacing
Spacing
_______________________________________________________

No of cables in group Touching 0.15 m 0.30 m


2 0.81 0.87 0.91
3 0.70 0.78 0.84
4 0.63 0.74 0.81
5 0.59 0.70 0.78
6 0.55 0.68 0.77

Table 20

Group derating factors for three single core cables in trefoil formation

Spacing
_______________________________________________________

No of cables in group Touching 0.15 m 0.30 m


2 0.78 0.83 0.88
3 0.66 0.73 0.79
4 0.61 0.68 0.73
5 0.56 0.64 0.73
6 0.53 0.61 0.71

Current Carrying Capacity


Current Carrying Capacity

Table 7

Current Carrying Capacity

Single core cables with copper conductor XLPE insulated and PVC sheathed

Cross In ground In air


_____________________________________________________________________
Section
Direct laid In duct Free In Pipe
______________________________________________________________________________________________
mm2 Amps. Amps. Amps. Amps.
1.5 30 22 22 19
2.5 39 29 29 24
4 50 38 38 32
6 63 47 49 40
10 83 63 66 54
16 107 82 88 70
25 137 105 116 92
35 165 127 143 112
50 195 151 175 134
70 238 187 222 168
95 286 225 274 205
120 327 258 326 237
150 363 290 367 269
150 363 290 367 269
185 410 330 425 308
240 474 382 505 361
300 532 431 583 411
400 600 489 676 469
500 673 550 779 533
630 752 615 900 603

Table 7

Current Carrying Capacity

Three and four core cables with copper conductor XLPE insulated and PVC sheathed

Cross In ground In air

Section _______________________________________________________________________________
Unarmoured Armoured Unarmoured
__________________________________________________________________________________
Direct laid In duct Direct laid Free

mm2 Amps. Amps. Amps. Amps.

1.5 27 22 - 22

2.5 35 29 - 29

4 45 37 46 38
4 45 37 46 38

6 56 46 57 48

10 76 62 76 67

16 98 80 98 88

25 128 104 128 118

35 157 125 158 142

50 187 149 188 175

70 229 183 229 220

95 276 220 274 272

120 313 251 310 316

150 350 283 346 363

185 395 321 387 418

240 458 372 444 496

300 516 420 494 571

400 584 478 549 665

500 655 538 597 760


EXAMPLE ACTUAL ( MADINA PROJECT )

1000 AMP. FOR A/C PANEL , FEEDER 3 X ( 3X300+150 ) MM2 ,UNARMOURED ON CABLE TRAY TEMP 50 C

CHECK THE AMPACITY AFTER DERATING

AMPACITY FROM TABLE 7 FOR THE MENTION CABLE , ( 571 ) AMP.


DERATING FACTOR ACC TO 3 CABLE IN GROUP AND TEMP, 50 C , TABLES 20,18
DERATING FACTORS = ( 0,78 X 0.89 ) = 0.69
DERATING AMPACITY = 571 X ( 0,78 X 0.89 ) X 3 = 1189 AMP.

DERATING AMPACITY = 571 X ( 0,78 X 0.89 ) X 3 = 1189 AMP.

EXAMPLE ACTUAL ( MADINA PROJECT )

2500 AMP. FOR MDP PANEL , FEEDER 6 X ( 3X300+150 ) MM2 , DIRECT LAID UNARMOURED CABLE

CHECK THE AMPACITY AFTER DERATING

AMPACITY FROM TABLE 7 FOR THE MENTION CABLE , ( 516 ) AMP.


DERATING FACTOR ACC TO 6 CABLE IN GROUP AND GROUND TEMP, 50 C , TABLES 20,15
DERATING FACTORS = ( 0,71 X 0.85 ) = 0.60
DERATING FACTORS = ( 0,71 X 0.85 ) = 0.60
DERATING AMPACITY = 516 X ( 0,71 X 0.85 ) X 6 = 1868 AMP.

DERATING AMPACITY = 516 X ( 0,71 X 0.85 ) X 6 = 1868 AMP.

EXAMPLE ACTUAL ( MADINA PROJECT )

2500 AMP. FOR MDP PANEL , FEEDER 14 X ( 1X630 ) MM2 , DIRECT LAID UNARMOURED 1 PH CABLE

CHECK THE AMPACITY AFTER DERATING

AMPACITY FROM TABLE 6 FOR THE MENTION CABLE , ( 752 ) AMP.


DERATING FACTOR ACC TO 4 CABLE IN GROUP AND GROUND TEMP, 50 C , TABLES 20,15
DERATING FACTORS = ( 0,73 X 0.85 ) = 0.62
DERATING AMPACITY = 752 X ( 0,73 X 0.85 ) X 4 = 1866 AMP.

DERATING AMPACITY = 752 X ( 0,73 X 0.85 ) X 4 = 1866 AMP.

AMPACITY FOR MULTICORE CABLES

1- UNBUIRED CABLES

DATA OF CABLES SHOULD BE KNOWN


rated CABLE SIZE AMPACITY INSTALLATION FACTOR TEMP. FACTOR GROUP FACTOR
LOAD KW
voltage mm2 (A) K1 K2 K3

380 16 25 88 1 1 0.7

RESULT

MAX.CIRCUIT CURRENT Iz (A)


RATED CURRENT Ib (A) CIRCUIT BREAKER In (A) COMMENTS
DERATED AMPACITY

FOR CIRCUIT BRAKER


47.48 62 62
Ib ≤ In ≤ Iz
50 55
0.85 0.80
0.84 0.77
0.76 0.65
2.00 2.00
0.84 0.77

50 55
0.89 0.84
0.88 0.82
0.82 0.71
____________
In Pipe
___________
Amps.
19
24
32
40
54
70
92
112
134
168
205
237
269
269
308
361
411
469
533
603

In air
___________________________________________________
Unarmoured Armoured
________________________________________________
Free In Pipe Free

Amps. Amps. Amps.

22 18 -

29 24 -

38 31 39
38 31 39

48 39 50

67 52 67

88 68 89

118 90 120

142 107 149

175 129 182

220 161 229

272 196 280

316 226 322

363 258 368

418 295 420

496 346 491

571 394 557

665 454 636

760 515 705


50 C
GROUP FACTOR
COMMENT
K3

K1 Type of installation for cable tray = 1


Data from table H1-13 Page 235 schnieder
0.7 Data for K2 from above table no 18

Data for K3 from above table no 19

COMMENTS

R CIRCUIT BRAKER

Ib ≤ In ≤ Iz
Approximate voltage drop at 60 hz for single core stranded plain copper / aluminium conductors

XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal area of Copper conductor Aluminium conductor

conductor mv / amp / m mv / amp / m

1.5 22.9 -
2.5 14.1 -
4 8.8 -
6 5.9 -
10 3.6 -
16 2.3 3.7
25 1.5 2.4
35 1.1 1.8
50 0.84 1.3
70 0.61 0.95
95 0.47 0.71
120 0.39 0.58
150 0.34 0.5
185 0.29 0.42
240 0.25 0.34
300 0.22 0.29
400 0.19 0.25
500 0.17 0.22
630 0.16 0.19

data for single phase cable must be known


length of cable rated current rated voltage Parallel Case

in meter in amp in volt Number of Cable

14 11.4 220 1

% voltage drop

in percentage

0.64

single phase cable

the percentage voltage drop = 0.64


ductors
be known
Parallel Case mv/amp/m

Number of Cable from above table

1 8.80

ble

0.64 %
Approximate voltage drop at 60 hz for three and four core stranded plain copper / aluminium

XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal area of Copper conductor Aluminium conductor

conductor mv / amp / m mv / amp / m

1.5 22.8 -
2.5 14 -
4 8.7 -
6 5.9 -
10 3.5 -
16 2.2 3.7
25 1.5 2.4
35 1.1 1.7
50 0.81 1.3
70 0.58 0.92
95 0.44 0.68
120 0.37 0.56
150 0.31 0.47
185 0.27 0.39
240 0.23 0.32
300 0.20 0.27
400 0.18 0.23
500 0.15 0.20
data for three phase cable must be
length of cable rated current rated voltage

in meter in amp in volt

100 100 380

% voltage drop

in percentage

2.13

three phase cable

the percentage voltage drop =


d plain copper / aluminium conductors

minium conductor

mv / amp / m

-
-
-
-
-
3.7
2.4
1.7
1.3
0.92
0.68
0.56
0.47
0.39
0.32
0.27
0.23
0.20
ase cable must be known
rated voltage (Parralel Case) mv/amp/m

in volt Number of cable from above table

380 1 0.81

hree phase cable

tage drop = 2.13 %


Single Core THHN Wires ( 600 V )

Copper Conductor PVC Insulated NAYLON Jacketed THHN / THWN Wires UL 83,1581

Overall
Equiv.
AWG Diameter Comment
mm²
mm

18 0.82 ~ 1 2.3
16 1.31 ~ 1.5 2.5
14 2.08 ~ 2 2.9
12 3.31 ~ 4 3.4
10 5.26 ~ 6 4.3
8 8.37 5.6

Single Core

Unarmoured Cable - Copper Conductors XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal Overall

Area Diameter Comment

mm² mm

1x1.5 6
1x2.5 7
1x4 7
1x6 8
1x10 9
1x16 10
1x25 11
1x35 13
1x50 14
1x70 16
1x95 18
1x120 20
1x150 22
1x185 24
1x240 27
1x300 30
1x400 34
1x500 37
1x630 42

Two Core

Unarmoured Cable - Copper Conductors XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts
Unarmoured Cable - Copper Conductors XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal Overall

Area Diameter Comment

mm² mm

2x1.5 13
2x2.5 13
2x4 14
2x6 16
2x10 17

2x16 19

2x25 23

2x35 25

Three Core

Unarmoured Cable - Copper Conductors XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal Overall

Area Diameter Comment

mm² mm

3x1.5 11
3x2.5 12.5
3x4 13.5
3x6 15.5
3x10 19

3x16 21.5

four Core

Unarmoured Cable - Copper Conductors XLPE insulation , PVC sheath 600/1000 volts

Nominal Overall

Area Diameter Comment

mm² mm

4x1.5 13
4x2.5 15
4x4 16
4x6 17
4x10 20

4x16 22

4x25 26
4x35 26

4x50 30

4x70 34

4x95 38

4x120 43

4x150 47

4x185 52

4x240 58

4x300 64

4x400 73

4x500 80

DATA OF CABLES SHOULD BE KNOWN

PIPES PIPES CABLE CONDUCTOR EARTHING

SIZE INCH SIZE INCH SIZE mm2 DIAMETER mm DIAMETER mm

1.5 38.1 6 15.5 0

RESULT

INSIDE PIPE AREA mm2 CABLE AREA mm2 FILLING FACTOR

823.3 188.6 0.23


No.Of Cables

No.Of Wire

FILLING FACTOR

0.23

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