THE PERFORMANCE OF LEGAZPI CITY POLICE STATION

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to

The Faculty of Political Science Department
College of Social Sciences and Philosophy
Bicol University
Daraga, Albay

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for

the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in
Political Science

BY

REZEL B. BORLAZA

MA. KIEL PATRICIA R. ETCOBANEZ

TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR

MARCH 2018
 Bicol University
College of Social Sciences and Philosophy
Political Science Department
Daraga, Albay

RECOMMENDATION FOR FINAL DEFENSE

This undergraduate thesis entitled, “THE PERFORMANCE OF LEGAZPI
CITY POLICE STATION", prepared and submitted by REZEL B. BORLAZA,
MA. KIEL PATRICIA R. ETCOBANEZ and TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR, in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Political
Science is hereby recommended to the Thesis Committee for oral examination.

AMELITA-RAMIREZ BELLO, M.A.P.A

Adviser

September 28, 2017

THESIS COMMITTEE
This undergraduate thesis entitled, “THE PERFORMANCE OF LEGAZPI
CITY POLICE STATION”, prepared and submitted by REZEL B. BORLAZA,
MA. KIEL PATRICIA R. ETCOBANEZ and TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR, in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Political
Science is hereby accepted for oral examination.

AILEEN B. SARTE, M.M

Chairman

NOEMI L. IBO, Ph. D CESAR A. ARAO, M.P.A

Member Member

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 Bicol University
College of Social Sciences and Philosophy
Political Science Department
Daraga, Albay

RESULT OF ORAL EXAMINATION

Result of the oral examination of REZEL B. BORLAZA, MA. KIEL PATRICIA

R. ETCOBANEZ and TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR candidates for the Degree of
Bachelor of Arts in Political Science.

Title : THE PERFORMANCE OF LEGAZPI CITY POLICE STATION

Date : September 28, 2017

Place : Political Science Department

This is to certify that REZEL B. BORLAZA, MA. KIEL PATRICIA R.

ETCOBANEZ and TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR have passed the Final Defense
with a final rating of ________%.

PANEL MEMBER ACTION TAKEN

AILEEN B. SARTE, M.M ________________________

Chairman

NOEMI L. IBO, Ph. D ________________________

Member

CESAR A. ARAO, M.P.A ________________________

Member

3
 Bicol University
College of Social Sciences and Philosophy
Political Science Department
Daraga, Albay

APPROVAL SHEET

Upon the recommendation of the Thesis Committee, this undergraduate

thesis entitled “The Performance of Legazpi City Police Station” prepared
and submitted by REZEL B. BORLAZA, MA. KIEL PATRICIA R. ETCOBANEZ
and TRIXIA LULU B. PINTOR is hereby approved in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree Bachelor of Arts in Political Science.

NOEMI L. IBO, Ph.D

Research Professor

AILEEN B. SARTE, M.M

Department Head

ATTY. ALEX B. NEPOMUCENO, Ph. D

Dean

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The researchers sincerely expresses their deepest appreciation:

To the Almighty God, for giving them the courage, determination and

patience to finish this study despite all the difficulties they encountered along the

way, for the wisdom and guidance He bestowed upon them, because without His

blessings, this study could not have been possible.

To their thesis adviser, Prof. Amelita Ramirez-Bello, for whole-heartedly

accepting them as her advisees without any other thoughts, for always being

available whenever they need help, for sharing on them her ideas and for

helping them the best of her ability. Her continuous support made all these things

easy for them.

To the chairman of the panel of examiners, Prof. Aileen B. Sarte, and to the

members of the panel, Dr. Noemi L. Ibo and Professor Cesar A. Arao, for

being their guide as well, for the constructive criticisms, for the suggestions and

recommendations on how to improve their study, the researchers are very

thankful.

To the respondents of this study, the Police Personnel of the Legazpi City

Police Station and the Residents of Barangay Kawit East Washington

Drive, Barangay Rizal St. Ilawod, Barangay Gogon, Barangay Bitano and

Barangay Rawis, for making time to answer the questionnaire sincerely, for

responding to their call and working with the researchers. The data provided

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were really of great help to this study, thank you for contributing to the

betterment of the society.

To PSSupt. Nilo S. Berdin, the Chief of Police of Legazpi City Police Station

for the utmost understanding and cooperation he had given during the interview

with him. Without his help, it would be hard to complete this study.

To Ms. Gertrudes Peňa, the researchers’ most understanding statistician

whose help made the presentation of the study’s the data much clearer.

To their Family and friends, all the support have momentously helped them

survive this study, inspite of all the setbacks they have encountered. Thank you

for motivating them, your words of encouragement had always been their guide

to surpass everything along the way.

To their parents, Angelina Borlaza, Reben and Leonila Etcobanez, Ma.

Lalaine B. Pintor, their love and endless support have always been a strength

for the researchers to endure everything just to finish this study. Thank you for

the understanding, moral and financial support.

Lastly, the researchers would like to thank each other for the cooperation,

support and love. What they have experienced has never been easy but

because they were there for each other, this group became better and more

importantly, this friendship became stronger. The completion of this study are not

just the researcher’s success, but also a shared accomplishment to everyone

who have been there along this journey. Thank you and to God be the Glory! :)

- Kiel, Rezel, and Trixia

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 ABSTRACT

BORLAZA, REZEL B. “PERFORMANCE OF LEGAZPI CITY

ETCOBANEZ, MA. KIEL PATRICIA R.
PINTOR, TRIXIA LULU B.
POLICE STATION”
(Unpublished Undergraduate Thesis,
Bicol University College of Social
Sciences and Philosophy, Political
Science Department, March 2018)

Summary

This study is focused in determining the performance of Legazpi City Police

Station specifically in performing its basic police functions namely crime

prevention, law enforcement, and public community relations. The repondents of

this study were the 377 residents from the five barangays identified to have high

incidence of crime based from the Crime Statistics report of the Legazpi City

Police Station from January 2015 to December 2015 and January 2016 to

December 2016, 71 police personnel of the Legazpi City Police Station and the

Chief of Police.

This undertaking sought answers to the following questions: (1) What are the

activities of Legazpi City Police Station along its basic police functions namely

crime prevention, law enforcement and public community relations? (2) What is

the level of performance of Legazpi City Police Station along its basic police

functions? (3) What are the problems encountered in performing its basic police

functions? and (4) What are the measures undertaken to solve the problems

encountered?

This study was anchored on the Social Contract Theory of John Locke

supported by the Theory of the Public Enforcement of Law of Polinsky and

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Shavell. Descriptive method of research were used employing the questionnaire

for the 377 residents and 71 police personnel and an interview guide for the

Chief of Police. This study was conducted in the City of Legazpi particularly in

five (5) barangays which were identified as the most-crime prone areas in

Legazpi City namely Brgy 37 - Bitano, Brgy 42 - Rawis, Brgy 16 - Kawit-East

Washington, Brgy 17 - Rizal St. Ilawod, and Brgy 38 - Gogon.

Findings

After thorough analysis of the data gathered, the following findings were

derived:

1. The activities of the Legazpi City Police Station along the three basic

police functions: In crime prevention: Conduct of checkpoints, beat patrol, mobile

patrol distribution of educational and informational materials on safety

awareness & programs of PNP and Oplan Bakal Sita. In Law Enforcement:

conduct of search and issuance of arrest warrant, conduct of buy bust/drug

operation and other implementation of criminal and special laws, traffic direction

and control, manhunt Charlie Operations, and enforcement of city ordinances. In

Public Community relations: feeding programs, conduct of lecture, clean-up drive

programs, dialogue/pulong-pulong, and house to house visitations.

2. The level of performance of Legazpi City Police Station as

perceived by the residents of Legazpi City shows that: in terms of crime

prevention, the performance of Legazpi City Police Station is Satisfactory

with an average rating of 3.14: in terms of law enforcement, the

performance is also satisfactory with an average rating of 3.22; and also

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 Satisfactory in terms of Public Community Relations with an average

rating of 3.23.

The level of performance of Legazpi City Police Station as perceived

by the police personnel and the Chief of Police reveals that the

performance of Legazpi City Police Station in terms of: (a) crime

prevention is Very Satisfactory with an average rating of 3.29; (b) law

enforcement is Very Satisfactory with 3.26 average rating; (c) public

community relations is Satisfactory with an average rating of 3.10.

3. Out of 71 police personnel, 48 said that the lack of police radio is

really a problem that affects their performance. It is followed by the lack of

police personnel which got the second highest frequency of 40 out of 71

police personnel. This problem is also perceived by the Chief of Police of

Legazpi City Police Station as the only problem the police station had

encountered. While the least problem encountered was the lack of proper

communication among the personnel in performing duties which got a

frequency of 9 out of 71.

4. The measures undertaken by Legazpi City Police Station to solve the

problems encountered. For the most problems encountered were: (1) for the lack

of police radio: (a) informing the higher headquarter about the problem and

making appropriate request and (b) making a request for support from the LGU;

(2) and for the lack of police personnel: (a) multiple tasking (Memorandum

System Latag), (b) multiple designation of police personnel, (c) coordinating with

the local officials especially the barangay captains in Legazpi City, (d) by

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properly leading and managing the barangay tanods to be effective instruments

of peace in their role as police auxiliaries in the barangays. For the least

problems encountered, namely: (3) lack of proper management in performing

duties and obligations: (a) conduct of proper management of the police

personnel, (b) Conduct of PICE (Police Information for Continuous Education) for

the police personnel and (c) continuous conferences for the officers in command

and holding key positions; and (4) lack of proper communication among the

personnel in performing duties: (a) discussing safety measures among the police

and (b) conduct of briefing before police operations.

Conclusions

On the basis of the above findings, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The Legazpi City Police Station conducts activities that are centered on the

three functions: crime prevention, law enforcement, and public community

relations. The Legazpi City Police Station really does its duties and functions

through these activities that are viewed as helpful in the maintenance of

peace and order in Legazpi City.

2. In total, the level of performance of Legazpi City Police Station along the

three basic police functions is Satisfactory. However, there is a difference

between the perceptions of the residents who view the performance of

Legazpi City Police Station in all its basic police functions as Satisfactory

and the police personnel & Chief of Police who view the performance in

lcrime prevention and law enforcement as Very Satisfactory and in public

community relations as Satisfactory. This indicates that the police personnel

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 and Chief of Police of Legazpi City Police Station believes that they have

performed the basic police functions with their utmost efforts while the

residents does not believe the same. However, they both agreed that in

public community relations, the performance is only satisfactory. This is

because both of them views that the Legazpi City Police Station should

make more initiatives in gaining the trust of the community.

3. Chief of Police stated that they only encountered one problem. This

difference in perceptions can be attributed to their difference of positions in

the office. The police personnel have encountered more problems because

they are the ones who regularly perform the basic police functions through

the different activities. With their duty, they are most likely the ones to

encounter more problems. However, the Chief of Police as the head of the

police station is focused more on office works and in coordinating with the

higher headquarters. Therefore, it is more likely for him to perceive that the

Legazpi City Police Station encountered less problems.

4. The Legazpi City Police Station took action to solve the problems it

encountered in line with performing its basic police functions. These were

made possible because of the Legazpi Police Station’s coordination with the

Local Government Units as well as with the people. In addition, the

measures undertaken are reflections of the desire of the Legazpi City Police

Station to address the problems encountered and to further enhance their

performance in order to fulfill its primary duty which is to serve and protect

the residents of Legazpi City.

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Recommendations

With the above findings and conclusions, the researchers humbly

recommend the following:

1. The Legazpi City Police Station must formulate more activities or

programs along the three basic police functions .

2. The Legazpi City Police Station must strive harder and improve their

performance in performing the basic police functions especially in terms of

public community relations wherein the residents and the police personnel

including the Chief of Police view the performance of Legazpi City Police

Station as Satisfactory only.

3. The Legazpi City Police Station should continue to do measures such as

coordinating with the local government units in order to at least lessen the

problems encountered in performing the basic police functions. It is also

necessary for Legazpi City Police Station to harness the support of the

community and organize them into solid partners of the government in the

quest of peace. In addition, The Legazpi City Police Station should

continue to properly lead and manage the barangay tanods in order to be

effective instruments of peace in the barangays.

4. Future researchers are encouraged to its students and faculty to conduct

researches about providing performance assessments and evaluations to

see whether or not government agencies are performing their functions

properly and satisfactorily.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Title Page i

Recommendations for Final Defense ii

Result of Final Defense iii

Approval Sheet iv

Acknowledgment v

Abstract vii

Table of Contents xiii

List of Tables xvii

List of Figures xviii

CHAPTER I – THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING 1

Introduction 1

Statement of the Problem 6

Scope and Delimitation 6

Significance of the Study 7

Notes 10

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CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

AND STUDIES 11

Related Literature 11

Related Studies 18

Synthesis of the State-of-the-Art 24

Gap Bridged by the Study 25

Theoretical Framework 26

Theoretical Paradigm 27

Conceptual Framework 28

Conceptual Paradigm 29

Definition of Terms 30

Notes 32

CHAPTER III – RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 35

Research Method 35

Sources of Data 35

Research Instrument 36

Sampling Technique 37

Respondents of the Study 39

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 Data Gathering Procedure 41

Statistical Treatment of Data 42

Quantification of Variables 43

Notes 45

CHAPTER IV – PERFORMANCE OF THE

LEGAZPI CITY POLICE STATION 46

Activities of the Legazpi City Police Station 47

Level of Performance of the Legazpi City

Police Station Along the Basic Police
Functions 54
Problems Encountered by the Legazpi City
Police Station in Performing its Basic Police Functions 66
Measures Undertaken by the Legazpi City
Police Station to Address the Problems Encountered 70

Notes 77

CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS 78

Summary 78

Findings 79

Conclusion 80

Recommendations 83

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Bibliography 85

Appendices 90

APPENDIX A 91

APPENDIX B 103

APPENDIX C 109

APPENDIX D 127

Curriculum Vitae 135

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 LIST OF TABLES

The Respondents of the Study 40

Activities of the Legazpi City Police Station 48

Level of Performance of the Legazpi City 55

Police Station Along the Basic Police
Functions as perceived by the Residents
Level of Performance of Legazpi City Police 59
Station Along the Basic Police Functions as perceived
by the Police Personnel and the Chief of Police

Summary of the Performance of Legazpi City Police Station 64

along the Three Basic Police Functions
Problems Encountered by the Legazpi City 67
Police Station in Performing its Basic Police Functions
Measures Undertaken by the Legazpi City 71
Police Station to Address the Problems Encountered

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Theoretical Paradigm 27

Conceptual Paradigm 29

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