ASSESSMENT OF DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY AT BARANGAY LIBERTAD

MUNICIPALTY OF QUEZON, BUKIDNON

CALVIN DAVE D. RICAFORT

THESIS PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF

CIVIL ENGINEERING, COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CENTRAL MINDANAO

UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY TOWN, MUSUAN MARAMAG BUKIDNON,

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE DEGREE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

October, 2018
 CONTENT OF THE STUDY

PAGE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Significant of the Study

Statement of the Problem

Objective of the Study

Scope of Work and Limitation of the

Study

Time and Location of the Study 1

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES, METHODS AND MATERIALS 2

PROJECTED TIME TABLE 2

RESEARCH PROJECTED BUDGET 5

REFERENCES 7
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Water supply system is an infrastructure for the collection, transmission,

treatment, storage, and distribution of water for homes, commercial establishments,

industry, and irrigation, as well as for such public needs as firefighting

and street flushing. Of all municipal services, provision of potable water is perhaps the

most vital. People depend on water for drinking, cooking, washing, carrying away

wastes, and other domestic needs. Water supply systems must also meet

requirements for public, commercial, and industrial activities. In all cases, the water

must fulfill both quality and quantity requirements (Zumdahl, 2018).

In 2010, about 85% of global population (6.74 billion people) had access to

piped water supply through house connections or to an improved water source through

other means than house, including standpipes, water kiosk, spring supplies and

protected wells, However, about 14% (884 million people) did not have an access to

improved water source and had to use unprotected wells or springs, canals, lakes or

rivers for their water needs (UNICEF, 2010).

The problem of water scarcity is growing, as more people put ever increasing

demand on limited supplies, the cost and effort to build or even access to water will

increase, and water’s importance to political and social stability will only grow with the

crisis.

In an unsustainable system, there is insufficient maintenance of then water

networks, especially in the major pipe lines in many areas. The system deteriorates

and then needs rehabilitation or renewal.

 Statement of the Problem

Despite efforts of the Municipality of Quezon to resolve the water scarcity, acute

water shortages can still be found in areas such as Barangay Libertad. Due to rapidly

growing community, sustainability of the current water supply system should supply

the community with adequate quality and quantity to the consumers.

Assessment of Domestic Water Supply System in Barangay Libertad, Quezon

Bukidnon is highly recommended to facilitate the water system continuity of supply,

and the degree of responsiveness of service providers to consumer complaints, piping

quality, maintenance and etc.

Significant of the Study

The study will give baseline information on the situation of Barangay Libertad

water system to be used as basis for the improvement and development of the

barangay water system.

 Objective of the Study

The general purpose oh the study was to assess the domestic water supply in

Barangay Libertad in the Municipality of Quezon, Bukidnon.

Specifically, the study aimed to;

1. Determine the sources of Domestic water supply;

2. Determine the altitude and location of the sources of water in the barangay

by using Global Positioning System (GPS);

3. Determine the water level of service in Barangay Libertad;

4. List the existing hydraulic structures in the barangay water system; and

5. Determine the problem that have been encountered in the barangay water

supply system.

6.

Scope of Work and Limitation of the Study

The study is limited to the evaluation of the domestic water supply system of

barangay Libertad in the municipality of Quezon, Bukidnon. However, water quality

laboratory testing and treatment is excluded in the study.

Time and Location of the Study

The study was conducted in barangay Libertad Quezon, Bukidnon. The data in

this study was gathered from October 2018 to November 2018.

 Locale of the Study

Libertad is a barangay in the municipality of Quezon, in the province

of Bukidnon. Its population as determined by the 2015 Census was 3,371. This

represented 3.24% of the total population of Quezon.

The population of Libertad grew from 2,149 in 2000 to 3,371 in 2015, an

increase of 1,222 people. The latest census figures in 2015 denote a positive growth

rate of 4.13%, or an increase of 646 people, from the previous population of 2,725 in

2010.

Libertad is situated at approximately 7.7124, 125.1496, in the island of

Mindanao. Elevation at these coordinates is estimated at 307.1 meters or 1,007.5 feet

above mean sea level.

Figure 1. Political Map of Bukidnon.

 7°43'10"N 125°7'26"E

Figure 2. Political Map of the Municipality of Quezon, Bukidnon.

 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Drinking Water Quality

Water is essential to life but contamination of drinking-water constitute a major

burden on human health. Thus, World Health Organization (WHO) gives guidelines

for drinking-water quality to provide significant benefits on health, for the quality of

drinking-water maybe controlled through a combination of protection of water sources,

control of treatment process and management of distribution and handling of water.

WHO define safe drinking water as “water that does not represent any significant risk

to health over a lifetime consumption, including sensitivities that may occur between

life stages” In addition, safe drinking water is suitable for all usual domestic purposes,

including personal hygiene and food preparation. However, water higher quality may

be required for some special purposes, such as renal dialysis and cleaning of contact

lenses, on for certain purposes in food production and pharmaceutical use, thus they

need to take additional steps, such as boiling drinking-water, due to their susceptibility

to organism (WHO, 2006).

Water Level of Service

The Level of Service (LOS) specifies the level of performance people can

expect from their water supply.

Level 1 (Point Source)

This level provides a protected well or a developed spring with an outlet but

without a distribution system, generally adaptable for rural areas where the houses

are thinly scattered. The consumers go to the source to fetch water. A level 1 facility

normally serves around 15 to 25 households and its outreach must not be more than

250 meters from the farthest user.

 Level 2 (Communal Faucet System or Stand Posts)

This is a system composed of a source, reservoir, a piped distribution network

and communal faucets. Located not more than 25 meters from the farthest house. One

faucet is designed to serve four to six households. Generally suitable for rural and

urban areas where houses are clustered densely to justify a simple piped system.

Level 3 (Waterworks System or Individual House Connections)

This is a system composed of a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network

and individual household taps. It is generally suited for densely populated urban areas.

This level of facility requires a minimum treatment or disinfection (Code on Sanitation

of the Philippines).

Sources of Domestic Water Supply

Domestic water supply means the source and infrastructure that provides water

to households. It can be of different forms such as spring, a stream, a hand-dug-well,

a rainwater collection system, or a piped water supply with house connections.

Water Well

A water well is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging,

driving, boring, or drilling to access groundwater in underground aquifers. The well

water is drawn by a pump, or using containers, such as buckets that are raised

mechanically or by band. Wells can vary greatly in depth, water volume, and water

quality. well water typically contains more minerals in solution that surface water and

require treatment to soften the water.

 Hand-dug wells

The traditional method pf obtaining groundwater in rural areas of the developing

world, and still the most common, is by means of hand-dug wells. However, because

they are dug by hand, their use is restricted to suitable types of ground such as clays,

sands, gravels and mixed soils where only small boulders are encountered. Some

communities use the skill and knowledge of locale well-diggers, but often excavation

is carried out, under supervision, by the villagers themselves. The volume of the water

in the well below the standing water table acts as a reservoir which can meet demands

on it during the day and should replenish itself during periods when there is no

abstraction (WATERRAID, 2013).

Rainwater

Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and deposition of rainwater for reuse

on-site, rather than allowing it to runoff. Uses includes water for garden, water for

livestock’s, water for irrigation, water for domestic use with proper treatment, and

indoor heating for houses etc. In many places the water collected is just redirected to

a deep pit with percolation. The harvested water can be used as drinking waters as

well as for shortage and either purpose like irrigation.

The concentration of the contaminants is reduced significantly by diverting the

initial flow of run-of water to water to waste. Improved water quality obtained by using

floating draw-off mechanism (rather than from a base of the tank) and by using series

of tanks, with draw from last series. The stored rainwater may need to be analyzed

properly before use in a way appropriate to ensure the safe use. The quality of

collected rainwater is generally better than that of surface water. Contamination is

always possible by airborne dust and mists, bird feces, and other debris, so some

treatment may be necessary, depending on how the water will be used.

Rainwater harvesting systems can be installed with minimal skills. The system

should be sized to meet the water demand throughout the dry season since it must be

big enough to support daily water consumption. Specifically, the rainfall capturing area

such as a building roof must be large enough to maintain adequate flow. The water

tank size should be large enough to contain the captured water.

Tap Water

Tap water (running water, city water, municipal water, etc.) is water supplied to

a tap (valve). Its uses include drinking, washing, cooking, and flushing of toilets. Indoor

tap water is distributed through “indoor plumbing”, which has existed since antiquity

but was available to very few people until the second half of the 19 th century, when it

began to propagate in what now the developed countries. It became common in many

regions during 20th century, and is now lacking only among poor, especially in

developing countries.

Tap water is often culturally assumed to be potable water, especially in

developed countries. More often than not is potable, although water quality problems

are not unusual. Household water purification methods such as water filters, boiling,

or distillation can be used when potability is doubted. The application of technologies

(such as water, treatment plants) involved in providing clean water to homes,

businesses, and public buildings is a major subfield of sanitary engineering. Calling a

water supply “tap water” distinguishes it from the other main types of fresh water which

may be available, these includes water from rainwater-collecting cisterns, water from
village pumps or town pumps, or water carried from streams, rivers, or lakes (whose

potability may vary).

Water System

Water system is a system for the provision to the public of water for human

consumption through pipes or other construction conveyance. A pipe network for

distribution of water to the consumers which may be private houses or industrial,

commercial or institution establishments, and other usage points such as fire hydrants.

Water supply network is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components

which provide water supply.

Water System Structures

These are structures in a water management system that convey water,

controls the direction or rate of flow, maintains a desired water elevation or measures

water, its purpose is to control the stage, discharge, distribution, delivery or direction

of water flow. Hydraulic structures are used to control the water level in the stream

and to ensure it is sufficient to supply the intake but not to flood it. The main purpose

of an intake is to ensure a constant water supply that can be adjusted to suit local

conditions. Water needs to be stored in reservoirs because streamflow is highly

variable, and the times when streamflow is abundant do not necessarily coincide with

the times when the water is needed. A hydraulic structure is a structure submerged or

partially submerged in any body of water, which disrupts the natural flow of water.

They can be used to divert, disrupt or completely stop the flow.

 METHODOLOGY

To attain the objectives of the study the procedural framework shown in figure

3 was used. It comprises of major activities such as communication with the municipal

mayor, coordination with the barangay official, development of survey questionnaires,

field visit and data collection, data analysis and writing the manuscript.

Communication with the Municipal Mayor

Coordination with the Barangay Official

Development of Survey Questionnaires

Field Visit and Data Collection

Data Analysis

Writing Manuscript

Figure 3. Procedural framework of the study

 Communication with the Municipal Mayor

A formal communication letter will be sent to the municipal mayor for courtesy

and security reasons while conducting the study and for the Municipal Planning and

Development Office (MPDO) for the purpose of collecting the secondary information

such as map of the barangay, data about the water sources and other necessary data.

Coordination with the Barangay Official

Coordination with the barangay captain of Barangay Libertad will be done to

have to avail primary data needed which comprises of a survey to barangay residents

as well as locating and visiting the water supply source. Secondary data which also

comprises an access to barangay development plan, maps, and other relevant data’s

recorded for the study.

Development of Survey Questionnaires

A survey questionnaire will be gathered to be used for the survey for the

purpose of date gathering. These include the personal information of the respondents

and water supply data. The data that were gathered using the survey questionnaire

were utilized to evaluate the domestic water supply system of Barangay Libertad.

Field Visit and Date Collection

To obtain the information of the water supply system, random interviews to the

households of the barangay will be implemented by using the developed survey

questionnaire. The respondents will be personally interview to get their reactions and

comments about the domestic water supply system and to be interview about their

economic status in the community. All the secondary information necessary in the
research were procured from Barangay Libertad and Municipal Planning and

Development Office(MPDO).

Geographical maps of the area will be generated using Global Positioning

System (GPS), so that the altitude and the location of water sources were determined.

Data Analysis

All the information collected will be organized and summarized in preparation

for analysis. The analysis of the data will be used for the progress of the water supply

system of the barangay. The purpose of the data analysis as to extract as much

information as possible that is pertinent to the barangay’s water system situation.

Writing Manuscript

The data being analyzed will be encoded and writing of the manuscript will be

done.
 PROJECTED TIME TABLE

2018-2019 ACTION RESEARCH

TIMELINE
Date Month Activity Comments

October

Thesis Proposal

November

communication

with the municipal

mayor

coordination with

the barangay

official

field visit and data

collection

December

data analysis and

writing the

manuscript
 RESEARCH PROJECTED BUDGET

PRICE ESTIMATE(PESOS) Comments

Materials:
Thesis Proposal 350.00
Coordination with the 1000.00 Which includes
Municipal Mayor and snacks, fare, foods,
Barangay Official letters and etc.

Fare 2500.00

Writing of the Manuscript 1500.00

Others 2000.00
total 7350.00
 REFERENCES

Zumdahl, S (2018). Water. Retrieved from Encyclopedia Bretania:

https://www.britannica.com/science/water

Political map of Bukidnon: Retrieved from wikimeda_commons:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Political_Map_of_Bukid
non.jpg

Philatlas (2015). Retrieved from Explore Civil:

https://www.philatlas.com/mindanao/r10/bukidnon/quezon/libertad.html

Sharp, K. Water: Structure and Properties. Google Books. PDF file

http://crystal.med.upenn.edu/sharp-lab-pdfs/sharp_EncLifeSci.pdf