Climate Change Milankovitch Theory
Lesson 6
-statistically significant changes in
climate for continuous period of time.
CAUSES OF CLIMATE CHANGE
NATURAL PROCESSES
1. Volcanic Eruption
When volcanoes erupt, they emit a
mixture of gases and particles into the air.
Some of them, such as ash and sulphur
dioxide, have a cooling effect, because they
(or the substances they cause) reflect sunlight
away from the earth. Others, such as CO2,
cause warming by adding to the the
Objectives
greenhouse effect.
 Identify the causes of climate change
2. ORBITAL CHANGE
 Understand the effects of climate
change on the society; and
 Illustrate how the community helps in
mitigating the hazards caused by
climate change
-states “that as the Earth travels
through space around the sun, cyclical
variations in three elements of Earth-Sun
geometry combine to produce variations in
the amount of solar energy that reaches Earth
(Academic Emporia, 2017)
*3 Elements that have Cyclic Variations
 Eccentricity is the term used to
describe the shape of Earth’s orbit
around the sun; influences seasonal
differences: when Earth is closest to
the sun, it gets more solar radiation. If
the perihelion occurs during the
winter, the winter is less severe. If a
hemisphere has its summer where
closest to the sun, summers are
relatively warm. (Academic Emporia,
2017)
 Obliquity is the variation of the tilt of
Earth’s axis away from the orbital
plane; (Academic Emporia, 2017)
states, the more tilt means more
severe season— warmer summer and
colder winters, less tilt means less
severe seasons, cooler summer—
milder winter.
 Precession is the change in
orientation of Earth’s rotational axis;
caused by two factors: wobble of
Earth’s axis and turning around of
elliptical orbit of Earth itself.
3. CARBON DIOXIDE THEORY (CO2)
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) is added when
power and heat are produced by
burning coal, oil, and other fossils
fuels; is transparent to sunshine but
not invisible to infrared (heat)
radiation leaving the ground; absorbs
part of the infrared radiation in the
air and returns it to the ground
keeping the air near the surface
warmer than it would be if the carbon
dioxide did not act like a blanket.
4. HUMAN ACTIVITIES
 Burning of Fossil Fuels
 Deforestation
 Mining
Human activities results in emissions
of four principal gases: carbon dioxide
(CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide
(N2O), and the halocarbons (a group of
gases containing fluorine, chlorine and
bromine.)
The increasing amount of these gasses
is due to human activities. Halocarbons
gas concentrations have increased
primarily due to human activities.
Principal halocarbons include
chlorofluorocarbons. The abundant of
chlorofluorocarbon gasses is decreasing
as a result of international regulations
designed to protect the ozone layer.
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON
SOCIETY
 Climate change could cause severe
affects to all life forms around our
planets. It direct affects the basic
elements of peoples like water, food
health, use of land and the
environment. Climate change will
increase worldwide deaths from
malnutrition and heat stress. Vector
borne disease such as malaria and
dengue fever could become more
widespread if effective control
measures are not in place. Rising sea
levels may result in more flooded
areas.
SUMMARY
 Climate change is a worldwide issue
that we have to face. Climate change
referred as statistically significant
climate variation persisting for an
extended period of time. The
continuous climate change could
bring drastic effects to living and non
living forms on Earth.
 Climate change is brought by several
factors like natural processes and
persistent human activities. Global
warming is one of the major effects of
climate change. Global warming
threatens all life forms on Earth. It has
drastic effects on water availability,
food source, health issue, land use and
ecosystem