SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS ADD MATHS PROJECT 2018

ADD MATHS PROJECT: OPTION 1

Part 1

Method 1: Subtracting Triangles From A Square D 5 F 10 C

AAEF  Asquare  AADF  AECF

10
1  1  1 
 15   15  5    15  5    10 10 
2

2  2  2 
15
 225  37.5  37.5  50 E
 100cm2
5
1
Method 2: Using A  bh A 15 B
2
AF  152  52
 250
F
AE  152  52
 250
M
EF  102  102
 200 250

200
 AF  AE , AEF is isosceles. Let M  Midpoint of EF. E
200
FM 
2 250
A
10 2

2
5 2
 250  
2
AM   5 2
2

 200

1
 Area   200  200
2
1
  200
2
 100cm2

1
Method 3: Using Cosine Rule and A  ab sin c
2
AF  152  52 F
 250
AE  152  52
200
 250
250
EF  102  102
 200 E
    250    200 
2 2 2
250
cos FAE 
2  250  250  250
A
 0.6
FAE  53.13
A
1
2
 250  
250 sin 53.13

 100cm2

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SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS ADD MATHS PROJECT 2018

Method 4: Using Coordinate Geometry’s Array Method

Map the square on a Cartesian coordinates where A  0,0  , B 15, 0  , C 15,15 and D  0,15 . Also point E 15,5 and
F  5,15 .
F  5,15  C 15,15 
D  0,15 
1 0 15 5 0
Area 
2 0 5 15 0
1
 15 15   5  5 
2
1
  225  25 E 15,5 
2
1
  200 
2
 100cm2 A  0, 0  B 15, 0 

Method 5: Area of Trapezium + Triangle – Triangle

F F

15 15
E E
 
5 5

A 5 G G 10 B A 15 B

1 1 1
A  5  15    5  15   10   15  5
2 2 2
75 75
  100 
2 2
 100cm 2

Method 6: Using Dot Product of Vector

1
D F C Let   represents 1 cm to the right
0
0
  represents 1 cm vertically upwards
1

5 cos FAE 

150
AF   
15  250 250
E 15  3
AE    
5 5
2
 5  15  3
AF AE      sin FAE  12    (using basic identities)
A B 15   5  5
 5 15  15  5 4

 150 5
AF  52  152 Area 
1
2
 250  
4
250  
5
 250
 100cm2
AE  52  152

 250

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SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS ADD MATHS PROJECT 2018

Method 7: Using Integration

F  5,15  C 15,15 
D  0,15  Map the points A, B, C, D, E and F on a Cartesian coordinates
where 1 unit represents 1cm.

15  0
y  5    x  15 m 
50
3
E 15,5   y  3x

50 15  5
AE : m  EF : m 
A  0, 0  B 15, 0  15  0 5  15
1  1

3 y  5    x  15
1 y   x  20
y  x
3
F F
y   x  20

15
3x

15
E E

y

 1 x
y 3
5 5

A 5 G G 10 B A 15 B
5 15 15 1
A   3xdx    x  20dx   xdx
0 5 0 3
5 15 15
 3x 2   x 2   x2 
      20 x    
 2 0  2 5  6 0
75  225  25    75 
  0    300     100      0 
2  2  2   2 
 100cm2

Method 8: Estimation
Draw triangle AEF on a square grid with sides of 1 cm as
shown in the given diagram.
Count the number of squares that is fully shaded. Include
the squares where at least half of the square is shaded.
Ignore the squares where less than half is shaded. From
the diagram, the number of squares is 100. Hence, the
area of triangle AEF is 100cm2

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SPM ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS ADD MATHS PROJECT 2018

Part 2

x  1, P  1  1  12  12
S x A
 2 2
x  2, P  2  2  22  22
x  42 2
 2 2 2 
x  3, P  3  3  32  32
T
 63 2
 3 2 2 
x  4, P  4  4  42  42
 84 2
 4 2 2 
x  n, P  n  n  n2  n2
 2n  n 2

 2 2 n 

(i) The perimeter of an isosceles right-angled triangle with the length of 2 equal sides of n cm is 2  2 n . 
n
(ii) Sn  a  l 
2

n
2
2  2  2  2 n
  
n
  n  1 2  2
2
 
Further Exploration:
F
Heron’s Law:
A B C
S
2 200
250  250  200
 250
2
5 10  5 10  10 2 E

2
 5 10  5 2 250
A
A  S  S  A S  B  S  C 

 5  
10  5 2 5 10  5 2  5 10 5 10  5 2  5 10 5 10  5 2  10 2  
 5 10  5 2  5 2  5 2  5 10  5 2 

 25  2   5 10  5 2  5 10  5 2 

 50  5 10    5 2 
2 2

 
 50  25 10   25  2  

 50  200 
 10000
 100 cm2

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