Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Version 1.0
Appendix
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90
Introduction
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Purpose
The purpose of this document is to familiarize new and existing Invisalign users
with helpful techniques to clinically review a 3-dimensional model using Align’s
ClinCheck software.
The Guide offers both broad and in-depth approaches to ClinCheck analysis
in order to meet different user needs. It will also enable users to gain a better
understanding of the role of ClinCheck in the treatment planning process.
Introduction Purpose
5
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Purpose cont.
About this Guide
➤ It presents an easy, visual approach to evaluate ClinCheck using illustrations and
step-by-step instructions to guide you in your analysis and show you what to do.
➤ It works like a reference book. You can go directly to areas of specific interest and
quickly look up the information you need.
The ClinCheck Evaluation Guide does not replace the User Guide, technical support,
or other educational materials provided by Align for the use of its software. To further
develop your understanding of the software, Align encourages you to use all of the
resources available. Be sure to keep up with the latest updates by visiting the Online
Clinical Education Center (www.invisaligncec.com) and by contacting your local
Sales Representative.
To begin, it is recommended that you first familiarize yourself with how ClinCheck
fits within the treatment process and learn the features and functions of the software.
Next choose from a broad or focused analysis approach with which to review your
ClinCheck set-ups. Finally, utilize the proposed communication methods for successful
interactions with Align technicians.
Five Basic Steps for Reviewing ClinCheck. This The “Five Basic Steps”
subsection presents a broad approach for successful provide key points for a broad
analysis approach.
ClinCheck analysis. Screen shots and case photos,
along with detailed clinical and software instruc-
tions aid you in your understanding of the high
level concepts being presented. Circled numbers
in the text refer you to illustrated examples.
Evaluation
9
Section 1.
Before Evaluating your ClinCheck
Section 1.
Before Evaluating your ClinCheck
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The following are critical determinants to achieving your desired clinical outcome.
They affect your ClinCheck set-up and your ClinCheck review process, therefore
it is important to keep them in mind to consistently meet your treatment goals.
Before Evaluating your ClinCheck Getting Quality Clinical Outcomes with Invisalig
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Preferences
Enables tab views for:
FUNCTION TABS Grid
Additional tabs Images
on the next page. Superimposition
Gallery Views
Shows multiple
views onscreen
Tooth Numbering
Displays a selected
numbering system
Detail
High/Low
(model resolution)
DISPLAY TOOLS
Show/Hide
Click to display or
hide:
Upper arch
Lower arch
Attachments NAVIGATION STAGING BAR
Zoom Pulldown Described on the Upper Arch Progress
Increase or decrease next page Lower Arch Progress
model size Aligner Stage Number
(You may type a number)
Go to Beginning
Step Rewind
Play/Stop
Step Forward
Go to End
FUNCTION TABS
NAVIGATION
Zoom
Allows enlarging or reducing
Grid* the size of the model.
Overlay a grid in Use mouse, pulldown menu
multiple orienta- or “wheel”.
tions onto the
ClinCheck model. Drag the mouse to bottom of
screen to increase size; top
Move the Grid over of screen to decrease size.
the model.
(Tip: to activate “Zoom”
when another Tool is selected,
hold control button and drag
the mouse up or down.)
Images* Rotate
Output a movie of Rotate model at any angle.
the treatment plan.
Use “wheels” to selectively
Print an image. rotate in a sagittal, facial or
occlusal direction.
Create a single
digital image (Tip: to activate “Rotation”
when another Tool is selected,
right-click and drag the
mouse.)
Help
Indicates current
version of
ClinCheck.
Seek
Accesses the (Selective Zooming)
ClinCheck User Click on the specific portion
Guide. (requires of the model you would like
Adobe Acrobat.) to enlarge.
* Must be enabled in
Preferences dialog box.
Section 2.
How to Review your ClinCheck Set-Ups
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1. Final Position
3. Staging
5. Overcorrection
What to Consider
The description introduces
fundamental concepts to consider
when analyzing your patient’s teeth
as a 3-dimensional model.
How to Evaluate
The evaluation area presents a process for review
with guidance on “What to Look For”, along with
recommended steps to perform the analysis.
1. Final Position
The Invisalign process requires that the final position of the treatment
be reviewed and accepted by the doctor before treatment starts.
All sets of Aligners will be fabricated to reach this final position.
This requires a different thought process and requires the clinician
to critically review the final position.
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
A N A LY S I S S T E P S How to Evaluate
Step 1. Select Review the final position. Is there adequate
“Maxillary Occlusal” periodontal bone support for the amount of posterior
dental expansion shown on ClinCheck?
from the “Predefined
Note: As a dental appliance, Invisalign delivers
Views” drop down
dental expansion vs. skeletal.
menu.
View the upper and lower arches from the occlusal
Step 2. Click the
view and use the grid tool to evaluate the amount
“Preferences” button
of dental expansion from Stage 0 (Fig. q) to the
in the upper left
Final Stage (Fig. w). To ensure that there is adequate
corner of the screen. periodontal bone support, refer to the intraoral photos
Verify that the grid and x-rays for the case.
and superimposition
Step 4. To display
the “Superimposition”
tool, check the
w Final position with grid. “Enable” box within
the “Superimposition”
Tab.
The superimposition tool can also be used to
evaluate the amount of dental expansion (Fig. e). Step 5. Compare the
initial to final stage.
Click the “Go to End”
button in the
“Staging Bar” to
show teeth in the
final stage.
A N A LY S I S S T E P S
2. Interproximal Reduction
IPR (interproximal reduction) is required in certain cases to help
alleviate crowding. Any case requiring interproximal reduction
will have an IPR form indicating when, where and how much is
required (Fig. q). A successful treatment outcome is dependent
on accurately following the IPR instructions during treatment.
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
NOTE
How to Evaluate A N A LY S I S S T E P S
Can I access?
NOTE
IPR is represented
in ClinCheck with
teeth overlap.
w Ask yourself, in areas when the teeth are overlapping
each other and require IPR: “Can I access the contact Dental anatomy is
to perform the indicated IPR at the indicated stage or not removed to
should I open space first to gain access?” represent IPR.
3. Staging
Staging is the process of sequencing tooth movements from the initial
to the final position. The treatment approach desired will determine
the type of staging. For example, distalization will have a different
staging pattern than intrusion, etc.
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
Are you comfortable with the Staging is the timing, path and
timing, path and sequence of order of the tooth movements.
tooth movements? Proper staging is important
for the flow and progress of
a successful treatment.
A N A LY S I S S T E P S
Step 1. Select
“Maxillary Occlusal”
from the “Predefined
Views” drop down
menu.
Step 2. Closely
review each stage.
Click the “Step
q Stage 1–5. Distalization case showing
Forward” button
moving the second molars distally during
the first few stages. in the “Staging Bar”.
NOTE
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
5. Overcorrection
Overcorrection is the planning of tooth movement beyond ideal
to anticipate Aligner lag or tooth bounce back. With your explicit
instructions that anticipate those needs, Align will manufacture
special overcorrection Aligners. (Stages shown in white on the Staging
Bar reflect overcorrection.) However, trying to predict before treatment
begins, which teeth may need overcorrection, is difficult and unreliable.
Therefore, it is recommended that overcorrection Aligners, as part of
Refinement, be requested only once the patient has reached
the last Aligner.
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
How to Evaluate
Once the patient has reached the last Aligner,
evaluate clinically if additional alignment is required
(Figs. q w). If the last Aligner still fits accurately,
then Refinement Aligners can be requested without
an impression by submitting appropriate photographs
and instructions indicating the exact tooth and
A N A LY S I S S T E P S
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What to Consider
Illustrations and descriptions focus your
attention on key points to consider by view.
Final Position
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Anterior View
Anterior
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 2. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Arch Symmetry
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 3. Visually examine the arch from the canine back towards
the second molar and consider the in and out positions and
torque relationships of the teeth. Consider their relationship
to one another.
Esthetic Leveling-Upper
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 3a. Level the edge of the incisors. To perform your analysis,
orient the model so that the anterior teeth are perpendicular to
your line of sight.
Step 3c. Optional. Select the “Grid Tab”; check the “Show Grid”
box to display. Place the cursor over the grid; right click on one
of the grid lines to display the “Axis” tool. Select and highlight
one of the “Wheels” to move the grid in the desired direction.
Esthetic Leveling-Lower
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 3a. Level the edge of the incisors. To perform your analysis,
orient the model so that the anterior teeth are perpendicular to
your line of sight.
Step 3c. Optional. Select the “Grid Tab”; check the “Show Grid”
box to display. Place the cursor over the grid; right click on one
of the grid lines to display the “Axis” tool. Select and highlight
one of the “Wheels” to move the grid in the desired direction.
Midline Correction
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 3. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”. Examine the arches together
to view the midline correction, if any. Assess the direction.
Overbite Relationship
indicates incisal edge of lower incisors
Consider if the overbite
relationship is satisfactory.
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Overbite Resolution
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Torque Symmetry of
Posteriors
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 3. Visually examine the arch from canine back towards the
second molar and consider the in and out positions and torque
relationships of the teeth. Consider their relationship to one
another.
Overjet View
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Overjet Symmetry
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 3. Compare the initial to final stage. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar” to show teeth in the final stage.
Proclination
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 4. Compare the initial to final stage. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar” to show teeth in the final stage.
Dental Expansion
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 3b. Optional. Select the “Grid” Tab; check the “Show Grid”
box to display.
Step 4. Compare the initial to final stage. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar” to show teeth in the final stage.
Arch Symmetry
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Residual Spaces
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Posterior Torque
Symmetry
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 3. Visually scan the arch going back around the arch
towards the second molar and consider the in and out positions
and torque relationships of the teeth. Consider their relationships
among each other and in relationship to one another.
Terminal Molars
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the arches together. Select “Right Buccal” from the
“Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Step 3. View the arches together. Select “Left Buccal” from the
“Predefined Views” drop down menu.
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 4. View the arches together. Select “Left Buccal” from the
“Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Buccal Interdigitation
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the arches together. Select “Right Buccal” from the
“Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Step 2. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 4. Repeat for other side. View the arches together. Select
“Left Buccal” from the “Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Overjet
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the arches together. Select “Right Buccal” from the
“Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Step 4. Repeat for other side. View the arches together. Select
“Left Buccal” from the “Predefined Views” drop down menu.
Anterior Torque
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. View the final stage of ClinCheck. Click the “Go to End”
button in the “Staging Bar”.
Step 2. View each arch individually at the final position. Click the
“Upper Arch” and “Lower Arch” buttons in the
“Show/Hide” section.
Curve of Spee
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 1. Compare the first and last stage from the right and left
buccal and lower anterior views. Toggle between initial and
final stages to analyze. Click the “Go to End” or “Go to
Beginning” buttons in the “Staging Bar”.
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 2. View each arch individually at the final position. Click the
“Upper Arch” and “Lower Arch” buttons in the
“Show/Hide” section.
Posterior Occlusion
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 3. Look at where the upper lingual cusps lie in the lower
central grooves, as well as view the buccal overjet.
Buccal Movements
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Step 2. Review how the teeth interdigitate with each other. View
each side of the model separately at approximately 200%. Click
the “Zoom” button under “Navigation” and drag the mouse
downward to increase model size; drag the mouse upwards to
decrease model size.
Interproximal Reduction
59
Interproximal Reduction
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R
Interproximal Clearance
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Accessible IPR
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Staging
62
Staging
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R
Movement Predictability
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Timing of Treatment
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
Note: If treatment does not end at the same time, one arch will
finish earlier than the other. Therefore a retainer is required for
the earlier arch while waiting for the later arch to complete.
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
65
Attachments
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R
Ellipsoid Rectangular
Attachment Attachment
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
(For more information about the current types and uses of attach-
ments, see the Attachment Protocol on www.invisaligncec.com.)
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Placement of Pontics
Pontics are identified by a “retention dimple”.
Confirm that spaces for any
pontics needed are present
(as represented by the
“virtual tooth”).
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
69
Overcorrection
W H AT T O C O N S I D E R
Staging of
Overcorrection
If specific overcorrection
was requested at the time
of treatment plan, review
the overcorrected stages.
W H Y I T ’ S I M P O R TA N T
R E C O M M E N D E D S T E P S F O R A N A LY S I S
Section 3.
Communicating with Align through ClinCheck
71
Communicating with Align
through ClinCheck
Align communicates with you through treatment comments sent with each
ClinCheck. Prior to beginning any ClinCheck evaluation, it is important
to read these comments from Align for special information.
There are many different ways to approach the same problem, yet individual
preferences reign. Therefore, stating instructions explicitly enables the
technician to tailor ClinCheck to reflect your specific preferences.
VA G U E R E Q U E S T VA G U E R E Q U E S T
AMBIGUITY
I M P R OV E D I M P R OV E D
C O M M U N I C AT I O N C O M M U N I C AT I O N
“Rotate the lower left canine “1. Intrude upper right lateral
10 degrees distal out and add 1mm to match upper left
buccal crown torque so the lateral.
crown inclination matches 2. Shift lower midline to right
with the lower right canine.” 1mm by IPR.”
VA G U E R E Q U E S T VA G U E R E Q U E S T
AMBIGUITY AMBIGUITY
I M P R OV E D I M P R OV E D
C O M M U N I C AT I O N C O M M U N I C AT I O N
AMBIGUITY AMBIGUITY
I M P R OV E D I M P R OV E D
C O M M U N I C AT I O N C O M M U N I C AT I O N
VA G U E R E Q U E S T VA G U E R E Q U E S T
AMBIGUITY AMBIGUITY
I M P R OV E D I M P R OV E D
C O M M U N I C AT I O N C O M M U N I C AT I O N
AMBIGUITY AMBIGUITY
I M P R OV E D I M P R OV E D
C O M M U N I C AT I O N C O M M U N I C AT I O N
Appendix
79
Glossary
This glossary is intended to be used as a Anterior open bite No vertical overlap
tool for the dental professional as they exists between maxillary and mandibular
learn about the Invisalign® treatment anterior teeth.
modality. It is not designed to be an all-
inclusive orthodontic glossary, but to A/P Discrepancy Anterior Posterior
serve as a reference to commonly used Discrepancy. Also known as Sagittal
Invisalign terms. Discrepancy. An evaluation of the anterior-
posterior position of the jaws, and /or
Terms denoted with a (*) refer to either teeth made from a profile view.
an Invisalign specific term, or a definition
that differs slightly from the accepted Arch Length Deficiency Difference
orthodontic definition. between the available and required space
within an arch to align the teeth.
Absolute Extrusion True vertical move-
ment along the long axis of the tooth. *Attachments Composite forms bonded
onto facial or lingual surfaces of teeth
Anchorage Resistance to displacement. using a forming template to help achieve
The Invisalign system allows for intra- certain types of tooth movement with the
arch anchorage by isolating selected teeth Invisalign system.
to be moved.
Bilateral Denoting both sides.
Angle’s Classification A classification
system based on the relationship of the per- Biomechanics Application of physical
manent maxillary first molars and occlusion principals such as force or resistance as it
cuspids to the lower permanent teeth. relates to biological systems.
Appendix Glossary
80
or group of teeth from their ideal position Class II Division 1 Class II with
relative to their antagonists. increased overjet.
Centric Relation (CR) At Align Class III The mesiobuccal cusp of the
Technology, CR is defined as the position upper first molar lies distal to the buccal
of the teeth when the mandibular groove of the lower first molar. The upper
condyles are against the temporo- canine lies distal to the contact point
mandibular disc in the anterior and between the lower canine and first premolar.
superior most portion of the glenoid fossa.
*ClinCheck® A computerized depiction of
Centric The definition used by Align the patient’s tooth movement from initial
Technology: CO is the position of the to final position, sent to you via the
teeth when the teeth are in occlusion Internet and easily viewed using Align
(CO) their maximum intercuspal position, Technology’s exclusive ClinCheck soft-
i.e. the best fit of the teeth. ware. This program allows you to visually
review the projected movement as well as
Cephalometrics The scientific measure- the final set up in three dimensions.
ment of the bones of the cranium and face, ClinCheck also gives you the opportunity
utilizing a fixed reproducible position for to request modifications in the treatment
lateral radiographic exposure of the skull plan until you are satisfied with the move-
and facial bones. Used for the evaluation ment staging and final outcome.
of facial growth and development,
including soft tissue profile. Couple Two parallel forces of equal
magnitude acting in opposite directions
Class I The mesiobuccal cusp of the and separated by a distance. Couples
upper first molar lies in the buccal groove result in pure rotational movement about
of the lower first molar.The upper canine the center of resistance regardless of
lies distal to the lower canine. where the couple is applied on the object.
Class II The mesiobuccal cusp of the CR/CO Discrepancy When the CR bite
upper first molar lies mesial to the buccal position and the CO bite position are not
groove of the lower first molar. The upper coincendent.
canine lies mesial to the lower canine.
Appendix Glossary
82
mandibular tooth or group of teeth from their Overbite Vertical overlap. The distance
ideal position relative to their antagonists. between the upper and lower incisal
edges when the patient is in maximum-
Malocclusion Any deviation from the intercuspation.
normal or ideal occlusion.
Overcorrection Tooth movement
*Mid-Course Correction The resubmis- beyond the ideal, final position to com-
sion of a case when the clinical results pensate for potential dental relapse.
have deviated from the approved course
of treatment to the point that the teeth no Overjet The horizontal distance between
longer fully adapt to the Aligner. A mid- upper and lower incisal edges along the
course correction is also required if the occlusal plane.
patient undergoes significant dental work
such that the Aligners no longer fit. Palmer Notation Numbering System
New PVS impressions and instructions The standard numbering system used
regarding treatment are required. The by orthodontists in the United States.
patient should be instructed to wear the The mouth is divided into four quadrants.
latest, best fitting Aligner to hold progress Numbers 1 through 8 identify each tooth
until the new Aligners arrive. within the quadrant, with 1 designating
centrals moving distally and third molars
Moment A force that does not pass being “8’s”. When charting, the numbers
through the center of resistance will not sit inside an L-shaped symbol to identify
produce solely linear movement and will the quadrant they belong to—as you look
result in some rotational movement. into the patient’s mouth. Primary teeth
This rotational movement is called (20) follow the same format but are
a moment of the force. represented with letters “A” through “E”
in each quadrant.
*Occlusal Interference Excessive
“virtual” contacts between upper and Posterior Open Bite No vertical contact
lower teeth. Often referred to clinically is exhibited between maxillary and
as premature or excessive contacts. mandibular posterior teeth.
May require occlusal equilibration.
Proclination Inclination of the crown
Open Bite Form of malocclusion forward.
that may be inherited, developmental,
or acquired. Protraction Anterior (mesial) move-
ment of teeth, usually referring to bodily
movement.
*Refinement The term used by Align Tooth-Size Discrepancy See Bolton Analysis.
Technology to describe when additional
Aligners—beyond the last stage—are Torque See Inclination. Usually refers to
required to get the patient closer to the root movement more than crown movement.
desired treatment goal as established at
the start of treatment. Completed Translation See Bodily Translation.
Refinement order forms are required.
Transverse Discrepancy See Crossbite.
Relapse A partial or full return of maloc-
clusion following orthodontic treatment. Universal Numbering System
Permanent teeth are numbered 1 to 32,
Relative Extrusion Used to describe the starting with the upper right third molar,
appearance of vertical correction by working around to the upper left third
crown inclination (torque). molar, then dropping down to the lower
left third molar and working around to the
Reproximation See IPR. lower right third molar. The 20 primary
teeth are lettered, using capital letters A
Retention Holding of corrected through T, following the same methodolo-
occlusion after orthodontic treatment. gy as for the permanent teeth, starting with
the upper right second primary molar and
Retraction Posterior (lingual) or distal ending with the lower right second molar.
movement, usually referring to the bodily
movement. *VIP Stands for “Virtual Invisalign
Practice.” This is the name of the program
Retroclination Lingual inclination that allows doctors to manage their
or tipping of crown backward. Invisalign practices online.Within VIP
doctors can: view all aspects of patient’s
Rotation Spinning a tooth around the cases, including ClinCheck; order mar-
vertical axis. keting materials; start a new patient using
online treatment planning forms; review
Tipping See Angulation. Invisalign “how-to” tutorials; and more.
Appendix Glossary
84
Index
A proclination 40
A/P changes, terminal molars 45 See also dual arch treatment; interarch
absolute extrusion, attachments 21 interferences; lower arches; posterior
accessible IPR 58 arch form symmetry; upper arch
alignment alignment; upper arches
anterior and posterior teeth 39 asymmetrical space. See overjet
of maxillary anterior teeth 71 asymmetry. See skeletal asymmetry
upper arch 37 attachments
See also incomplete alignment bonding to restorations 62
anterior contacts/coupling, location, type and purpose 61
excessive overjet 35 movement predictability 59
anterior coupling, overview 20–21
upper arch alignment 37 auxiliaries, movement predictability 59
anterior crown tips, anterior view 27
anterior esthetics, B
communicating using ClinCheck 69 bicuspid extraction
anterior intrusion buccal view 48
attachments 20 terminal molars 45
Curve of Spee 52 bicuspid rotation, example of 21
anterior overjet view 35–37 biology, of patient 7
anterior proclination black triangles
final position 12 anterior crown tips 27
periodontal bone support 14 anterior teeth 15
anterior teeth bonding attachment 21, 62
black triangles 15 bone support. See periodontal bone
maxillary 71 support
anterior tooth alignment, buccal interdigitation 49
occlusal view 39 buccal lingual interdigitation, posterior
anterior torque 51 occlusion 55
anterior view 27–34 buccal movements, posterior view 56
arch symmetry buccal view 47–53
anterior view 28
occlusal view 42 C
arches canine relationships, buccal view 47
anterior and posterior tooth canine symmetry, arch symmetry 28
alignment 39 canines, communicating using
dental expansion 41 ClinCheck 69
leveling 52 clearance, interproximal 57
E I
esthetic alignments, anterior crown impressions, when needed with terminal
tips 27 molars 45
Appendix Index
86
in and out correction, upper arch M
alignment 37 marginal ridge height relationship, buccal
incisors view 53
overcorrection 70 maxillary anterior teeth 71
See also lower incisors midline adjustment, communicating with
incisors alignments, communicating with ClinCheck 73
ClinCheck 73 midline correction, anterior view 31
incomplete alignments, example of 23 molar expansion, new impressions for
interarch interferences, dual arch terminal molars 45
treatment 60 molar relationships, buccal view 47
interdigitations, buccal 49 molars
interproximal clearances 57 buccal movements 56
interproximal reduction (IPR) See also second molars; terminal molars
overjet 50 monitoring, during treatment 7
overview 16–19 movements
See also accessible IPR attachments 61
interproximal space communicating in ClinCheck 67
interproximal clearance 57 interproximal clearance 57
overjet 50 planning for in ClinCheck 1, 11
intrusions predictability of 59
Curve of Spee 52 shown by superimposing stages 9
excessive 33 staging 18–19, 59, 65
Invisalign, dental expansion versus See also buccal movements
skeletal 12
Invisalign guide books 2 N
IPR (interproximal reduction) navigation, in ClinCheck 9
overjet 50
overview 16–19 O
See also accessible IPR occlusal view 39–45
occlusion
L symmetry for 28, 42, 44
leveling, Curve of Spee 52 See also posterior occlusion
lingual view 55–56 overbite relationship, anterior view 32
lower anterior teeth, overjet 50 overbite resolution, anterior view 33
lower arches, esthetic leveling 30 overcorrection
lower incisors, worn down 30 communicating using ClinCheck 70
example of 23
Appendix Index
88
See also interproximal space; posterior
space closures; residual spaces
staging
detailed description 59–60
overview 18–19
superimposition
anterior proclination 14
evaluating dental expansion 13
symmetry. See arch symmetry; overjet
symmetry; posterior torque symmetry;
torque symmetry
symmetry of occlusion 34
T
tabs. See function tabs
terminal molars, occlusal view 45
timing
IPR (interproximal reduction) 17
of overcorrection 22
of treatment 60
See also staging
torque, anterior 51
torque symmetry, posteriors 34
treatment plan
communication guidelines 6
revising 7
triangles. See black triangles
U
upper anterior teeth, overjet 50
upper arch alignment 37
upper arches, esthetic leveling 29
V
virtual teeth, pontics shown as 63
Appendix Credits
90
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