Leaf, W. - Commentary On The Iliad PDF

THE ILIAD
EDITED, WITH APPARATUS CRITICUS, PROLEGOMENA

NOTES, AND APPENDICES
BY
WALTER LEAF, Litt.D.

SOMETIME FELLOW OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE
VOL. II
BOOKS XIII-XXIV
SECON D EDITION
ilontion
MACxMILLAN AND CO., Limited
NEW YORK: THE ^LACMILLAN COMPANY
I
902
All risrhts resen'ed

INTEODUCTION
on the whole remarkably free from internal
The Eighteenth Book is
is one of the most varied and interesting

ditUculties, and, if taken by itself,
in the Iliad. It contains only two fairly clear interpolations, the Catalogue
of the Nereids (38-49) and the colloquy of Zeus and Hera (356-68),
neither of which has any organic relation to the story. Objections to a few
other lines will be found in the notes (see particularly on 168, 200, 288,
300, 429, 591-92) ; but they are not such as to

mar our admiration for the
book. It is needless to dwell on such obvious beauties as the profound
truth of Achilles' grief —
note how he first receives the cruel blow in silence,
and only breaks out with groans (33) and wails (35) after the less-afflicted
slave-v/omen have been roused to shrieks at the first word or the superbly ;
—
dramatic action of the at the trench ; or the description of the
appearance
Shield itself, which has served as a model for all later time. Some purists
have ventured indeed to charge against the Shield a disproportionate length
'
which offends against the laws of art but probably no one except
'
Zenodotos has been hardy enough to say that the description would have
laws of art to adapt them-
' '
been better left out. It is the business of the
selves to great masterpieces like this.
Wlien we come to the relation of this book to what precedes and follows,
however, the question is by no means so simple. We have reached the focus
of the disturbing force which we have recognized in the two preceding
—
books the InrXoTroiia which led to the change of armour in IT and the
consequent dislocation of P. But in P we found evidence towards the end of
still furtlier disturbance, and it is not strange therefore that the connexion
of the two books should be imperfect. It is clear that the description of the
bringing in of Patroklos' body in 148-64 knows nothing of P 722 ff., where

the body is not dragged but carried. This however is a comparatively minor
matter, and is due rather to an alteration of the latter part of P than to any
fault of the author of S.
The main difficulty is in the relation of ]i to the M-iyvts. We traced the
original work to the death of Patroklos (though with much expansion) at
the end of 11, and a probable continuation in a brief account of fighting over
his body in P. Now !l' as it stands clearly cannot be a continuation of the
Îvyi^ts, for the wall and trench are inextricably involved in it, and we found
the motive of much disturbance to 11 and P in the desire to introduce the
•J68
lAIAAOC C (xviii) 269
idoii of the (jTrAoTTOua. We sliall next tind the M/yi'i'> in the .>;illy
of Achilles
from tlie camp at the end of T. Hkw was the gap filled \\\t
in the original
story ?
The answerto such a (juestion must of course be purely hypothetical.

But difhcult to suppose that at least the bringing to Achilles the news
it is
of Patroklos' death did not belong to the tale from the first. this may How
have been followed up we can hardly even guess perhaps Achilles may at —
once have armed and attacked the Tiojan.s, himself re.scuing the body of
Patroklos. The remains of the Mvyi'is which we may po.ssildy detect in the
following books are not inconsistent with such a hypothesis.
If this is right, then we may suppose it possible that the author of i' has
worked up some of the old material which he has displaced. More than
this we can hardly assume. Many attempts have been made to piece
together out of the earlier part of the book a continuous narrative to bridge
the gap in the Mvyi'ts. All of these (including my own) I now regard as
([uite unsatisfactory. It is wiser to recognize at once the existence of the
gap and the impossibility of closing it up. There are however three
pieces which may be from the original poem. These are (1) the opening,
Antilochos brings the news to Achilles (2) the bringing in of Patroklos'
;
body, 149-64, 231-42 (3) the Tpojwi' dyopd and lament over Patrcjklos,
;
243-353. Of these the third has probably sustained serious interpolation ;
if it is condemned entirely, we shall have to do the same Avith part of
Hector's monologue in X 100 tt'.,

where there is clear reference to Polydamas'
speech in 254 tf. It will be shown in the Introduction to that this speech X
contains other difficulties which tend to the same conclusion. If it is
retained, we must suppose that the Trojan assemlily followed originally on a

sally of Achilles, in which no trench or wall was named.
The critical questions connected witli the Shield itself are dealt with in
I.
App.
lAIAAOC C
onXonoiia.
ft)9 01 fiev fidpvavTo hejJbm 7rvpo]Topa dufiov
ox^vo'a'i
"
<y fioi i'yct),
tl rap avre Kapt] Ko/jioojvre'i Aâiot
vr]valv eiri Kkoveovrai, druô/Liepot rreZioio ;
fxi] h-q iioi reXeacocn Oeol KaKa K-qhea OvpuSyt,
W9 TTore fxoL /cai [xol eeiire

/J'i]T'i]p SieTrecfipaSe
1. deuac nupbc :
nupbc uenoc H. 4. Ta : to Pap. t
supr. 6. Tap :
eniKXoNeouci Cuut. 8. TeXeojci J Eust. teX^hici ee6c).

rhp Bar. 7. (cf. |
juiâea HPQR. ||
euuoO PR.
1=A 596 ;
see also P 366. Here and but the cause of the corruption is left
in A properly used to mark
the line is unexplained the tendency is always the
;
the begiuiiinj; of a new episode. exact opposite, viz. to remove the hiatus
3. opeoKpaipdcoN, of shi])s, as T 344 ;
even where it is legitimate. For othei-
used also in O 23], S 573 in the literal cases see note on B S7. We may add
sense, of oxen. Xe'7et 5e oia. to tcls the common iroTvia "Uprj {"H^v ^ -) ;
irpdjipa,^ Kal
dvaTtTaadai, e'/c fiera-
irpvfji.vas the a may have been originally long,
(popas tCiv ôQif, Schol. A, rightly. The but if so the length was completely
oldest Greek ships, before the intro- forgotten before Homeric times, and
duction of the l)eaked prow, ran up into survives only in this phrase, possibly a
vertical &(p\acrTa or KdpvujBa (see on I combination consecrated by antinuity
241, 717), which naturally suggested and therefore superior to the ordinary
the comparison to a cow's horns. Cf. rules of metre. There is some little
Helbig //. E. lf)7. The word, like ground for attributing similar primitive
ivKpaipos {Hyni. Merc. 209, Aisch. Supp. length to the a of the neut. plur.. which
300) and Tavi/Kpaipoi, both epithets of would explain both this line and X 22 ;
oxen, and oiKpaipos \ldv, must be referred see ff. G. § 374 (cf. § 382).
to Kipas, while ri/xiKpaipa, Ar. Thesin. '121 , 5. See note on A 403 ;
and for Tap (6)
evidently belongs to Kapa. A 8.
4. The hiatus at the end of the fifth 8. For u^ with subj. in a principal
foot can hardly be right. It is easy clause cf. A 26. euucoi, locative as
enough to read with Heyne to '6 . . often ;
but the variant 6v/xou may be
.
T€Te\eapAvov (note
. the variant of right, cf. I 197 Xeywf e/na K-^8ea
Pap. i), or with ikntley TeTeXeafiev' dp', 0VfJ,OV.
JO
yivpfjbtBoj'foi^ Tor upiarov tTi ^coovto^ cfxeio 10
êpcrlv vTTo Tpcocjv \eL^pêll' (fiua<; i)€\loio.

rf fidXa 8r) redvrjKe ^levocTiov a\Ki/j,o-i vl6<i,
a-êrXiO'i- >)
t exeXevov uTrcocrufievov St'fiov irvp
vija^ eV ayfr ievai, f^TjB^ "liKTopt l(f}i p.d'êadai.'^
eco'i o ravO' Mpjjiaive Kara (f)p^va Kal Kara Ovp-ov, 15
01 i'yyvdev yXdev dyavov vi6<i

To<^pd Xe'cTTopo?
huKpva Oepfia êcov, (fidro 8' dyyeXirjv dXejeivrjv
"
M fioi, ll7]Xeo<i vie hat(^povo<i, /} fidXa Xvypi}';
irevcreat, dyyeXirj^;, rjfit] w06A.Xe yevecrdai.
Kclrai naT/oo/cA.09, v€kuo^ Se St) d/jL(f)ip,d-ôvraL 20
^/v/xvov' uTap rd ye rev-ê 6%et KopvOaLoXo<i "KKTcop.'^

w? <f)dTO, TOP 8'
d^€o<i vecpeXij iKdXv^p•€ fiiXaiva.
dfKporeprjta-L 8e 'êpalv eXcov kovlv aWaXoeaaav
^(evaTO KaK KecâXrj's, 'âpiev 8' ijca^vve irpodwirov
veKTapeoii Se -^LTOivi fxeXaLv dfx(J3Lâv€ recppi]. 25
10 11 din. Rluaiios Apli. 10. ^juoTo PO. 12. &H om. IIi,». 14. &\\i ln\
NHQC Yjucn Aph. At. IIT :
[aij; eni NJftac Ynqi Pap. k. 18. nHXecoc CjK. 20.
be diau9iudxoNTai T. 21. aiirixp U. 25. TC9pHN J (so Hesych. iKadiêTo
;
Ttipl TT)V T4(ppav).
10-11 were omitted by Khianos aud correct than Uvai but the only Homeric
:
Aph., i(TOJS tVet oi'K Tjv yivpfiidCcv 6 Ildrpo- formsl are those in which -vai (apart of
kXoj, AoKpos yap û ef 'Ottovi/tos, Did. course from -fjievai.) is preceded by a long
But an oracle the prediction was
for vowel or diphthong {oodvai etc.). On
sufficiently near the fact, and there must this ground van L. writes liievai for ievai.
have been such an ambiguity ur Achilles ivai is in fact found on an
inscription
would not have doubted. Cf. also P from Rhodes and in a fragment
{iraplvai)
410, T 328. With tlie former passage of Machon 580 c, iîvai)
(Ath. and ;
there is a clear contradiction, see note a[ipears to have been not uncommon
there. in the time of Phrynichos (Rutherford
13. cxerXioc, headstrong ;
cf. note on p. 65, see G. Meyer Gr. p. 667).
K 164, aud 361, 41, X fi279. fi 19. See P21 = P 122, 22 = P
686.
t",and yet, although //. ;
G. % 338. 591, 22-24 = 0) 315-17. It has been ob-
Brandreth and van L. write ^ F\ See jected that k6nic aieaXoecca and Te9pH
II 87. both imply ash-'s, wliiU', as Achilles is
14. NHQC ^n' tiij;
fcNai (v eviais (pavXujs, outside his hut, he can only have had
says Did. But there is no obvious dust to throw upon his head. But as
reason for preferring the reading of Ar., the hut is elsewhere regarded as a copy
&\l/ tiri vrjas tfxev, uidess on the ground of the house, it will probably have had
that it is more euphouious com[)are ;
an altar to Zei'S 'EpKelos in front ;
this
the similar variety in * b'ib avns err' d.-^ would airor<i a
supply of wood-ashes.
Oi/j-evai. The doubts raised by van L. 25.
NeKTopeoji, probably €vw8eC, as fra-
against the validity of the form tfiev grant spices were used to preserve gar-
{Ench. § 126) appear to me entirely ments. It has been thought that there
fallacious. Note that Ivai, given by may be au allusion to II 223, and that
Pap. K, is not a mere blunder reference ;
the cloak may be a present from Thetis,
to the App. Crit. on <{> 297 will shew but
veKTCLpeos implying divine origin ;
that it is a genuine variant. It is, on this does not suit P

385, the only other
the analogy of tlio later Oidovai. etc. more , passage where the epithet is found in H.
272 lAIAAOC C (xviii)
avrbî S' iv Koviijicrc fieywi /jLeyaXoxTTi ravvaOei'^

K6LT0, Be %epo-t ko/xtjv rfta-xyve Sac^cov.
<pL\r]La-c
Bficoal S' a? 'A;i^tXei'9 Xrjtaaaro UdrpoKXo^ re

e'/c he Ovpaê
0V/XOV dKi]X€/^^vai fMeyaX' layov,
Be Trdcrai sa
ehpajxov d/J^cf)' 'AxiXi'ja Bai(j}pova, %e/3o-t
aTi]6ea TreTrX^jyovro,
\v6ev 8' viro 'yvla eKdaTr}<i.
'AvTtkoyo^ 8' erepcoOev oBvpero BuKpva Xei^cov,

'
•
o 8' eareve KvBaXcp.ov Kijp
yelpa'}o<?
BelBie 'yap fir) Xac/xop dTTOTfiTjête aiBi]pcoc.
8' MCfxcoêv aKovae Be irorvta fM^'^vp 35
(TfMepBaXeov
ev êvOeacnv d\o<; irapd Trarpl yepovTL,
rjp,evi]
KcoKVcreu r dp' eTreira' 6eal Be fXLV d/xcpayepovro,
27. 9iXHlCl be. :

9iXHN bi xe Cant. X^^P^'n ficyuNe np6cconoN aalzwN J.
|1
28. b' : r Paj). l^. 31. nenXHTTONTO Vr. A. ruTa eKOCTHC 9aiSiua ruTa
i
:
U {yp. as text). ll
eicacToc Pap. iK 33. x^'poc Pap. t. 34. dnoTJUiHzeie Zen. fi :
dnauHccie Ar. T. 35.

CJuapaaXeoN S. 37-38 Oin. S. 37. t' : &' Pap. t. ||
auoeJudxoNTO J [yp. 6u9arepoNTo).
26. u^rac JuteraXoocTi, cf. 11 776. be glad to think that Antilochos holds
29. form beside
ctKHxeJueNoi, a curious Achilles' hands in 34 out of affectionate
dKaxv/Jf-iôs. The accent is vouched for sympathy, and that this is an ex-
as Aiolic by Herod, on T 335. For the planatory line added by a man too dull
long vowel cf. 65-didva-rai, eX-TjXa-rot, to understand such an action. The —
dp-r]po-/j.€vos, e5-7]5-0Tai.
See note on vulg. 6^0TJUl^^^£le is simpler than Ar. 's
aKTjxeSaTai, P 637. dira/xriaeLe. latter regularly means

The
34. Various reasons have been urged to 'mow or reap (551, 451, t 135, cf. A
by Bentley and many others for rejecting 67, T 223) and is used in cp 301 of
this line. It introduces violent changes slicing off ears and nose. In all these
of subject in 33-35 eareve Achilles,
— places it has d-. In T 359 ( = H 253)
SetSte Antilochos, dTroTfj.r]êie Achilles, didfjiricre means cut through, and
xircDz'a it
ioifiwêv Achilles. (Hence some ancient has d. dfi-qaaadaL^to collect (O 165, e
critics actually thought that Antilochos 482, t 247) is presumably a different
feared lest his own throat should be cut word altogether (conn, with fi^tta?). And
by Achilles or that Achilles feared lest
;
the distinct variation in sense combined
Hektor should cut off Patroklos' head !) with that of quantity makes it tempting
It introduces the idea of suicide, which to separate didurjcre from d/jAoj. In that
is elsewhere unknown in the Iliad, and case aTra/j-rjaeie would be inappropriate
in Od. is mentioned only in a very late here, for shecu-off, however applicable tO'
passage, \ 277-78 (5 539, k 50 are only corn and ears, could hardly be applied
distant allusions). And it uses aidripos to the throat. But if it be only a
to mean sivord or knife, again a late derivative of cut appearing in did/xTjae,
Odyssean use (see tt 294), and implying it will be synonymous with diror/xriêLe,
a longer familiarity with the use of iron and admissible. But then the difference
than the Iliad elsewhere admits (see of quantity is hard to get over Schulze's ;
note on A 123). To the first of these attempt to explain it {Q. ^. p. 365 n.)
objections it may be replied that a iswholly unacceptable. At best it might
similar series of abrupt changes occurs be the result of a confusion of d/x7jcrat
in 11 186-89, to the last that a precisely and i./j.r]ffacr6aL. For dno- meaning
similar use of aid-rjpos is found in 4' 30, apart, not off, see 11 390. beOie, plpf.
cf. A 485 ; though weapons of iron are as in il 358 IdFie van L., edSie Brandreth
;
practically unknown to the Iliad, tools

•
as aor.
(comparing eildeie ifjjoêlrOf
are not, and the word here and in 30 ^ Hesych.) so die-dFie E 566 etc.
;
may be used of a knife. Still one would 36 = A 358 see also note on 141.
:
lAIAAOC C (\\ III) 273
TTciaat, uaat Kara /Sevdo'i dXo>i X/;/3?;i'Se9 ^)crai'.
€v6 dp^ erjv rXavK7] re HaXeia re Kv/j,oSukt] re,

'
y^Tja-airj ^Tretcu re Ho/; 0' Wu] re f3oo)7ri<i, 40
KvfioBuj} re Kal
AKraci] Kal Aifii/oopeia
Kal MeX^T77 Kal '\aipa Kal Ap.(f)i0o7} Kal Ayav/j,
S(or(o re Ylpcoro) re ^Pepovad re Avvapêvrj re,
Ae^«/LieV?; re Kal AfKpivofiT) Kal KaWiuveipa,

^(opi^ Kal Ylavoin] Kal dyaKXeiri) VaXdreta, 45
ys'>]/j.eprt']<i
re Kal A-vêuS/)? /cal IxaWidvaacra'
evda B erjv K^Xv/nevj] Îdveipd re Kal Îdvaaaa,
yialpa Kal VlpeidvLa ev'7r\uKa/j,6<i r A/jidduca,

dWal 6 at Kara êv9o<; d\o^ î]prji8e<; rjcrav.
roiv he Kal dpyvcpeov TrXPjro cnreo<i' al S' dpia irdcraL 50
ar)}dea ireirXi'jyovro, ©exi? S ^^WX^ yooio'

"
KXvre, Kaaiyvrjrat x\ripr]c8e<;, 6(^p' ev irdaai
elBer UKOuouaat oa e'/u-wt evt KijBea Ovpon,
CO pbOL eyu) BvaaptcrroroKeia,
SetXr'], w p,ot,
7]
T eVet ap reKov vibv d/xv/jLovd re Kparepov re, 55
8' Zero?*
eôôv T)pco(iiv' dveBpapuev epvei
rov p,ev eyoi Opeyjraaa, (purov tb'i yovvMC d\(orj<;,
39-49 d0. Zen. Ar. 6 Oe KaWiVrparo? ovoi iv rrji 'Ap-/o\iKiji

:
(p7]Tli> avrovs
<p€p€adai Did. : the lines are marked witli obelos in T as well as A. 39. apa hn
PU Pap. t, Sell. X {yp. Bp ^hn). H rXauKH rXauKeia P.
Te : 40. Some read
eOH (adj.") ©qMh te with lies. Theo'j. 24.')) 47 dih. T.
Sch. A. cjweapa hn Va\>. t.
48. dudeeia (ill: cijuaeueia Q. 52. KacirNHXoi Hl'R. 53. CNl eni Ajili. :
39-49. 6 TtDc 'SripeiSwi' x°P^^ Trporjderrj- were at once to receive its verb as the —
Tat Kal trapa 7ir)voooT(j}i. ujs 'llaibêiov ex'-^v sentence stands ovx vwodiônai (59).
X<ipo.KTripa.- "OfjLrjpos yap Kara to koivov But in the murse (if utterance this is
Moi'cras \eyei. Kal YiiXeidvias dW ovk 6v6- expandeil 6 3' ciNedpajULeN is added as
;
liara. Did. There can be no doubt tliat though tekon were the principal verb of
this judgment is right ; the names seem the sentence, and thus the whole is re-
to be selected from the longer list in sumed in a new principal sentence in two
Hesiod Thcoy. 243 ff. The repetition clauses, antitlietical in form (t6n ukn
of the greater part of 38 in 49 as a . . t6n de), though the objects are
' '
catchword is a familiar sign of inter- identical and only the verbs are con-
polation. trasted. For all practical purposes
'
50. KQi belongs to the w'holc clause, iirei is redundant, and the sentence
as in rol<Ti. 5e /cat ^terêtTre,' Monro. would be clear if it were omitted. The
But in the latter phrase it introduces a structure is thus exactly the same as in
fresh step, moreover. Here it seems P 658, wlipve discussed at length,
it is
meaningless we should perhaps read

; 5(3. otNeSpaiieN, a familiar metaphor
Ta.<j)v witli Mcnrad and Pick. of a growing shoot in English also so ;
54. ducapicTOTOKeia, eTrt KaKî tov Odj'sseus says of Nausikaa AvyXt^^t St) Trorf
apiffTov T€TOKvia, tl'S dv rts eiVot eVt 8v(T- toIov 'AttoWwi'os Trapa ^(jjfiQi (poiviKos
Ti'xiai evreKvos, Schol. A. Cf. A 414. viov ^pvos avepxofJ-evov iv6rj(ra, j" 162, and
55. The construction of tliis sentence P 53 If., ^ 175 tov eirei dpi\pav diol epveC
is rather involved,
though the sense is Iffov.
clear enough. It begins as though h xe 57. rouNwi qXcohc, see on I 534.
VOL. II T
274 lAIAAOC C (xvm)
eTTLTTpoeijKa KopwvicxLV "Wlov elaoi

v7]V(tIu
rov S'
ov^ viroheôfiai avra
T/3&)crt fxaxvô/xevov,
etaco. 60
ol'KuSe vo<TTi](TavTa So/xov HrjXy'fiov
8e fxoi ^coei open (f)do'; Kal TjeXloto,
6(f)pa
lovaa.
ayvvrai, ovSe rt ol hvvaîai y^paicrixrjaai
dX\' eljx, 64>pa c8(o/J,L (f>i\oi' rUo^, ?}S' eiraKOvcrw
ottI fiiv 'Uero irevdo^ drro TrroXe/xoco êvovra.

Xlire cnreo^' at he crvv avrfji 65
0)9
apa <j)(ovi]cracra
Si a(f)iac KVfia OaKacrcnf]^
BaKpvoeaaac laav, irepl
ral 8' ore 8r) Tpoli^v ipi/ScoXov Ikovto,
pi]yvvTO.
ciKTriv elcraveâLvov i7rLa-j>(êpco,
evOa 0a/xeLac
vee<i dfxj) 'A;îXf;a.
MvpfiiBovfov elpvvTO ra-x^vv
he jSapv iroTVia ^rrip, 70
TOiL arevdyovn TraplaraTO
o^v he KO)Kvaa(Ta Kaprj Xciê TraiSo? eoio,
Kai p eirea Trrepocvra 7rpo(Ti]vha-
6\o(f)vpofji6V7]
" TL /cXatei? rt he ae (f)pepa<i 'Uero irevOo'i
reKvov, ; ;
iâuha, /a?)
KevOe. ra fiev ht] rot rereXea-Tai
y 75
i/c At09, 0)9 apa hr] irpiv ev^ô %ei/3a9 dvacrxMV,
7rdvTa<i €7rl dXijfievac vla<i AâiMV
Trpv/Jivrjicnv
aev iTTiheuo/jievovi, iradeeiv t deKrfKta epya.
59 60 om. Q. 59. auGic C. 61. zco(i)h{i) CJT. 62. xpa'C^HNQ' J- II
ioOca :
oXeepoN H. 63. YbcoJUH D\J Pap. r (eidcojui man. 1): YScojuai GH :
\bu> .1 : Vaoiui 12 (incl. A). 64. nin Pap. i\ 66. C9ICI :

c<pi PR. 68,
QKTHN a' .1. !

eicaNeBHCON A [yp. cic dNcBHcaN). 70. &€ 6apu : 5' cn <ipa J.
71. CHOC Cant. I'ar. a {supr. 010) f g' and ap. Eust. : ^fio Par. e. 72. p' om. Vr. d.
73. ce : ceu S. 74. now Ynq cYSoucn axx<p(j3 J {yp. rix jaeN Bh toi xereXecTai).
75. cbc :
cb(i) L (P ;'. ras.) S. 77. tniSeouieNouc P. H t' otn. D. \\ aeKHpia
uerpa Pa^). l^.
58. NHuc'iN, sociative, with the fleet. 72. p', fBrandreth, rightly ;
cf. ^- 418
^ninpocHKa, the ^ni- seems to iniply Kai fx' 6\o(pvp6iJ.evoL k.t.X. ^
•against tlie foe.' We can hardly read 73-74 are adapted from A 362-63;
^vi wp., sent forth upon the ships
vrjvffiv ; 75, see on 11 236 : 76 on 409, A S 32.
for in this sense only avv and ivi are 77. acKHXia, ixtt. \ey6/j.evov, and ex-
used ; iTTi vrjvaLv always means at or ])lained by Ar. from e/cT^Xos, oiOJ/rapaxwS??,
towards the ships drawn up at the Greek e'0' oh ovx olbv re 7)avxo-'SeLv,
'
things not
camp ;
see P 708. of peace and (quietness,' or from deK-rjTL,
60. The .scholia remark here and else- aKovaia, & ovk av tu eKwv irddoL. Neither
where that H. does not know the later of tliese is plausible, and the word can
legend which made Thetis leave the hardly separated from det/ceXtos.
be
house of Peleus soon after the marriage. uiisee^tily(2 84 and OcL, of. det/cea ^pya,
63. Ya&jjuii, see on A 549. X 395, fi 733). The only way in which
68. Cf. il 97 ; iiossibly Ar. read they can be lirought together is by
iâviâivov here. cnicxepw, A 668. assuming them both to come from dFl-
eaueiai is predicate, not epithet, as is Ke\i.os, with lengthening of two different
shown by its place (N 611) ti'evfi c?7'aw)» syllables from metrical necessity (cf.
up in dose lines.
;
fxaxeLO/xevos
— /xaxeov/Jievos, App. D, A. 1).
lAIAAOC C (Will) 275
"
TO,
/J.f]Tep efjLij, fieu up jxoi OXvp.7r(o<; eêTeXecrcrev
dXXa Tt /jLoi rwv i)tn<; ; eirei <^tX.os" otXeO eraJpo^; 80
YluTpoKXo'i, TOP eyu> irepi ttuvtwv rlov kraipciyv,

'
icrop efj,>jt
top inrwiXecTa, revêa h
K€(f)aXPii' E^KTcop
Bijicoaa^ direSvae TreXcopia, Bavp-a loecrdat,
KaXd' TO. p,ev llriXfji Oeol hocrav d'yXaa 8o)pa
i}p,aTC ro)L ore ae /Bporov dvepa efiâXov evpPjc. 85

al'O 6(f)€Xe<: (TV p.ev avOi /xer d6ai>dT7]i<: dXiJjiai
vateiv, Yl7]Xev<; Se dvijrijv dyayecrOai (ikoltii'.
vvv 8 , iva Kal aol 7revOo<; ivl ^peal p^vplov eh]

7rai86<i d7ro(f)0i/j,€voLO, rov ov-^ vTvoheêat avTi<i
OLfcaBe vo(7Ti']aavr , eirel ovS' ifie Oupio^ dpcoye 90
'
^(oeiv ovS avSpeacTC p.eTep.p,evai, ul /ce /i?; EKTcop

TrpcjTO'i ep.oii vTTo Sovpl TV7rel<i diro Ovpuov oXeacrrji,
'
YlaTpoKXoio S eXcopa yievoiridSa dTToriarji.

rov h avre rrpocreecKe Oert? Kara SaKpu -yeovcya'
"
oiKvpLOpo<; St) p,oi, reK0<;, ecraeai, oV dyopevei<^'
avriKa yap rot erreira p,e6 EKropa Tror/io? eroLp,o<i.''
rrjv Be piky o'ydi)(ja<^ 7rpocre(f)rj 7ro8a? u>ku<; A^^Weu?

"
avrcKa redvali]v, errel ovk dp ep,e\Xov eralpcoi
80. 9iXoN doXcc' eraTpoN \'v. A. 81. ndrpoKXoN Vr. A. 83. anedHcc K :
Tivh ancXuce Sch. T. 86. a'l'e' ACZ/'tJ cbc coc L', A'". : 89. ton b' J. ,;
unoêzai .1 {su/ir. h over ai). aueic C/Xi.T. 90. ONcorei CZ>Q ]âr. Mor. \'r. b, A.
92. Tuneic Sauieic L.
: 93. JueNOiTidSa' JneNoixid&ao AS : : ueNomddeco 1}.
dnoTicei H. 94. dWcoi ton S' HJueiBeT* eneiTo A.

eV auTic I'ar. c '\ e€TlC <j^.
:
eea I'ar. cl. 95. 9htoi (î. 97. thn &' auTe npoceeme noddpKHC 3ioc dxiXXeuc
Aischines Tinmrch. § 150.
In that case the correct form would 92. npwToc, in the first place, above all
be diKeiXios. other consideiations. Cf. II S61.
80. Hdoc, .see on A 318. 93. eXcopa in plur. only here (but
83. neXcopia, see note on K 439. eXwpia A 4). The singular is always
88. The connexion of thought here used in a concrete sense, a)i object of prey,
depends on the light in wliich we regard generally to wild beasts or dogs, but in
the word cYh. If it is really an o[)t. we V 208 to robbers. Here it must be ab-
must supply an ellip.se after vvv 34, 'As for his preying
stract, iKiy (the 2}enaltii)
it is, they wedded thee to a mortal upon uXKiaev iV avOfXKvadiji,
P., i'wep (hv
only
that,' etc. TON will then be a relative. Schol. B. MeNoiTidda" is our way of
If, however, eti? isa subjunctive
for ei-qi, writing what the Ms.s, give as Mevot-
(for which see note H
we obtain
on 340), Tid5ao, CK Tr\ripovs. Cf. <t> 86.
a rather simpler thought, rov being taken ST).aropeueic, else only an Odys-
oT'
anaphorically, 'As it is, that grief may sean phrase 5 611, etc.
;
It is our
be thine for thy lost son, him shalt thou vernacular from what you say.'
'
not receive liaik again,' etc. 98. auTJKa, his mother's word taken
91. fiNdpecci ucTCJULJueNai adds to the up and repeated with emphasis. 6p*
ejueXXoN, we ought probably to read
'
physical idea ofi'weiv the ethical play my

partamongmen'; cf.A 70-2,X461(Hentze;. apa /j.e\\ov for the rhythm, as the text
276 lAlAAOC C (xviii)
eirafivvai- 6 fiev /xaXa Tr]\60i ircLTpri^

KTeivofievcoi
100
e(l)diT\ i/xelo Be Sr/aev cipeco d\KT))pa ^/evea0at.
vvv 8\ ov veofxal ye (f)i\vv eV -rrarpiha jalav,
iirel
ovBe Tt UaTp6K\(oi ryevo/MVV ^"09 ot-S' erdpoiat

ToU ciXkoi^, ot Br) TToXee? Bd/xev Blm,
"EKTopc^
«XV v-qvcrlv erwcriov axOo^ dpovp-q^,
i^fiai -n-apd
ov rt? 105
Tolo^ ioyv olo^ Wxîmv^ x^Xkoxctmvwv,^^
Be r d/jbelvovk elat koL ciXkot.
iv iroXeficot, dyopPji,
0)9 eK re BeCov etc r tivOpcaiTwv inroXoiro,

e/)i9
8 noXu 9i\TaToc eckcn Aischiiies i&iVZ. 100. ûoTo OP.

99. 6 JUi^N K.T.\.: juioi [|
U. 101. b' om. G. 104.

apeco Ar. A supr., yp. Par.
a dpflc ai dKaioTepat.
:
NHuci KopwNiciN axeoc Plato Apol. 28 b. 105. oToc o,u. P. 107. ?K T :
Kai Aristotle Eth. Eud. vii. 1.
ibcrre
introduces the forbidJen caesura into efeiroOLae, /jlov ttjv fôdav, d\KTTJpa
the fourth foot. Achilles says, Let me ytfij yeveadai. WarpoKKov (?).
die at once, since it icas not my lot to
=101 4' 150. NUN Se, the verb is for-
succour my comrade as he fell it was his ; gotten in the course of the following
fault that he was not at hand in the parenthetical clauses, and tlie thought
hour of need {ov yevofj-riv (pdos 102), and is only resumed in 114, nOn 5' eljui,
he will gladly expiate it by his death. Cccnrep els vTro/j-VTiaiv rrjs dpxv^ ^v irapa-
Piatt {J. P. xxi. 41) translates, 'Then Xcirwi' irape^f^-r} Nikanor. ort ei'wtê tGil
dvTairodoaiv Sell. T
may I die immediately after, since other- (TTfl /XT) iirayayetv
wise it appears I was not destined to (An. evidently in reference to 55
?),
have avrnrfcd Patroclus.' Piut the pres. above and the passages there quoted.
KTciNOJu^Ncoi shews that there can 104. A comparison of d 379, avrws axôs
part.
is to be
be no idea of avenging suhsequently in dpovpris, suggests that fiTcocioN
eirafivvaL. This famous passage was taken as an adverb rather than an epithet.
much (juoted in ancient times, notably 105. dXai'LCv, (pacri, Kal (popTtKds. prjTfov
oe OTL kdos irdaiv iavrovs eTraLvelv Schol.
by Plato Apol. 28 c. For Aischines see Tjv
App. Crit. A. So A
244 Achilles calls himself apiarov
100. Shccn undoubtedly a wrong
is 'AxaLu)v, and cf. note on H 75. P.
form, unknown to Attic as well as to H. Knight and Heyne reject 105-06 so ;
The verb odcurs elsewhere in H. only also Pick, on the ground that the scansion
with the stem oev-, and always in the of olos as a pyrrhich is not Homeric.
mid. except t [483] 540 tvtOov {deîrjaev, (See, however, on X 275 Brandreth ;
iust missed. Thiersch and Diid. emend conj. liis.) The objection from the ])oetical
others edever, Menrad
f|ieO S' (54(F)-n(T€v, point of view is evidently to 106 rather
fdevev. "Why not 'iSevaev ? The root is than 105 the correction of the preced-
;
Seuff- (of which the prefix ova- perhaps ing line is needless, and not like the
shews the weak form Schulze Q. E.
;
character of Achilles.
p. 62). The regular Epic aor. of this is 107. cbc with opt. is used to express a
^Sevffa for ^Seva-tra, and the change to wish — utina7ti also in X 286, and per-
5iu in Attic, the v becoming a semi- haps p 243, (p 201 cf. also Z 281. It is
;
vowel and falling out, is equally in to be connected not with ils in wishes,
order. The form drjfftv is merely a mis- 'in like manner' (e.g. 2 142, ^ 91, a
taken attempt to assimilate the un- 47), but with the common us 6<pe\oi> as
familiar form to iM7)(T€v, on the sup])Osed an exclamative, 'how!' Aristotle (^^7i.
analogy of the entirely unconnected S^w Eud. vii. I) tells us that Herakleitos,
to hiiul (root 5e-). apeco, see notes on having founded his ])hysical theory on
M 334, S 485. Parnicniskos is said to epis, blamed Homer for this wish, which,
have read"Ap7;s, and explained 6 ttoXc/ios if fulfilled, would bring all things to
Tr)v iiirjv d(p€\6fjLevos TrafowXiav ioriaev, confusion.

lAIAAOC C (Will) 27:
Kal )ô\o'i, o'i r e<f>er]K€ 7ro\v(f)poi>u irep )(â\€7ri)vai,

Os" TToXv yXvKlCOU fieXlTO^ KaTa\€{/3o/J,€l>OlO
Tt"
ai'hpoiv eV (ni]deaaiv deêrat yvre Karrvu^' 110

J>vv
cos" eixe i-ôXwaev ava^ dvhp6)i> \\yafiefj.i>a)i>.
aWd ra /nev TrporervÔai eaao/jiev d-^vvp.evoL Trep,
•
Ov/xov €vl (TTijOecrcn (f)i\op Bap.('icravT€<; uvd'yKiî

vvv K eJfx,Ke(f)a\)')^ oXerijpa /ciêico
6(f)pa (f)i\i]<;
'
EiKTopw Tore heôp-ai, oTrTrore Kev

Ki)pa 8' e'7(o hi] 115
Zei/'? eOeXrji reXeaai ^8' dddvaroi Oeol aXXoi.
ovSe yap ov8e /3t?; 'llpaKXijo'i (pvye Kypa,

09 Trep Att K.povlcovi livaKri,
(piXraro^; ecTKe
ciXXd € fxoip ihdfxacrcre koI dpyaXeo<; ôXo<; "H^?;?*
w? Kal eycov, el Si} fxoL ofiocrj fiolpa rervKrai, 120
KeicrofM eirei k€ Odvoi'

, vvv he kXco^ icrdXoi' dpoi/j.7)v,
Kai riva Tpcoidhcov Kal lâphavihoyv âOuKoXircov
X'^P^^^ irapeidcov
dfKporeptjicriv diraXdcov
108. nep : re J. 109. ueXnToc rXuKicoN .1. llO. aizerai '. 112.
npoTCTUKTai, K. 116. coeXoi ( '. nb' : ht" Paji. i' : Kal Bar. Jklor. Vr. A.
117. S.coikI'i ou&e I'll/. V^>. 118. nep; kc *y. ken I'or]ih. on Z 4S8. 119.
AAoTpa Qdjuacce (Jl'RSyr. 120. erw .1. 122. 9ap9aNicoN PK.
109. KOTaXeiBoiJieNoio [lerhaps alludes 121.Keicouai in pregnant sense I shall

to wild honuy trickling down a tree, as lie idle, 17^. •i~^'^. T 5T>6 and clsfwhere.
1".
in the familiar .story of Jonathan and 122. BaeuKoXncoN recurs in H. onh"

the honey in the wood wliich 'dropped,' in 339 and L> 2ir>. Compare I i>in with
1 Sam. .\iv. 26. note the word seems to be almost
;
110. As smoke from a very small fire identical in sense with âdvûivo^ there.
will fill all the house, so anger from a The k^Xttos is either the bosom itself
small beginning fills men's hearts. or more commonly the upper part of the
112. See II 60, T 6."). peplos which covers it and hangs in a
115-16 = X 36r.-66. ae-ouai, / ici/l deep fold over the girdle, see X 80 and
accept (willingly). App. G § 5. The epithet happens like
117. The first ou9e belongs as usual fiadv^wvo^ to be used only of Trojan
to the whole sentence, which is thus women, from which Ar., followed by
brought into connexion with what pre- many modern archaeologists, supposed it
cedes, while the second belongs to /ii'77 to mean some non-Hellenic form of dress.
'
'H/5. ;
did even the mighty
for ni'ithfr But such national ditferences are almost
H.,' BiH etc.
.
6c, of. A 690. It
. unknown to H., see note on IT 419.
will be seen that legend as yet knows Later poets know nothing of any such
nothing of the apotheosis of Herakles, restriction see Hy^nn. Cer. 5 (of the
;
which appears \ 602-04. first in Okeanides), Ven. 257 (the nymphs),

120. 6uoiH, the same fate, as we are Aisch. Sept. 864 (Antigone and Ismene).
of the same divine origin. Some com- Pindar uses it only of the deep-bosomed
mentators have found a ipiite needless earth. One may suspect that Ar. took
difficulty in this, and have proposetl to this view in order to strike a blow at
explain bfioiri as 'the common fate,' on Zen.'s reading of B 484 /ioCirai '0\vniria.5ts
the very uncertain analogy of ofioUos (iaOvKoXwot.
TToXe/xos, or to read oXoirj (Xauck). This 123. x^'Pf"''''' o.n.<f>0Tipr)L<n van L. on
is not to be approved. account of the harsh rhvthm cf. ; M 382.
278 IMAAOC C (xviii)
dBivov arovaxw^^ icêiT^v

BcUpv 6fMopâfievi]V
ireTravfiai. 125
h" 0)9 hi-j h-qpov iyoo -jroXefioio
'^fvolev
ovSe ixe Tretaei^.
fMTjSi /i' epvK6 fidxV^ (piXeovo-d irep-
rov 8' v/Jieil3eT
eTreira 9ea Sen^ dpyvpoire'Câ'
"ml 8?) Tav-rd rUvov iTTjrv/xov ou kukov ecm
76,
alirvv oXedpov
r€ipofM€VOi<; erdpoio-LV d/MVvefxev
130
dWd TOi evrea KoXd fxera Tpweaaiv exovrat,
rd Kopv0aio\o<; "EKTCop
fiev
Xd\Kea fiappâLpovra-
avTo^ exoiv m/jloktiv dydWerat' ovBe e <^7?/xt
8r]p6v eTrayXaieladat, iirel (f)6vos ijyv0€V avrwi.
124. iihnih (A sjyjr.) T Pap. t,

Par. a^ f and ap. Did. cxeNaxficai G. 125.
11
TNoiHN JU. &H dHpoN :

'bnphu CQR :
^nphn 'bk L. ncnatiuHN S Harl. a,Vr. dA.
|
juc J. 127. t6n V anaueiBey' Vr. A. eea vm. J. getic kotq- ||

126. nep il
daKpuxeouca Pap.
:
l. 128. toOto 7a1 (P supr.) RS Par. a e f, -yp. Eust. W \\
re om. Z)JQ. 132 om. Pap. iK 133. dnarXaVeTceai PR. 9660c {supn: n) ||
H :
feoNOc J.
12-1. aaiNON, see on B 87 ;

the variant to avoid the legitimate hiatus. Whether
ahvd is more usual in similar phrases. the change would be likely at such
The application of the word to grief is serious cost to the intelligibility of the
words is, however, very doubtful.
Cobet
peculiar to Oil. and the later books
of II.
125. TNoTeN, a wish, like the preced- reads toOto, with some MS. support,
But it expresses the but this looks like an emendation made
ing optatives.
result of tlie main wish which precedes in oi'der to simplify the construction.
it, and so becomes almost final, in order
Nikanor at all events read tlie passage
that thry may knoiv. ^HpoN, tilteen days as in the text, and mentions no variant.
at most, according to the present chrono- He says we may either put a stop after
logy of the Iliad but as Scliol. ;
A eTriTVfj.ov, and assume an ellipse of icrTiv,
remarks /j.ia 7)ti(pa 'Ax'^ê' toXi) ^v regarding errjTVfiov as an adverb, raura
d(pe(TTWTi. d\7]dili9 ia-riv : or we may join iTTjrv/jLov
128. Nai hk ToOrd
as thou re, yea, KaKov, these things are no real ill (?) : or
ravra as usual refers to the again omitting the stop Ave may take
sayest.
eTTiTufxov as adv., these things are verily
person addressed it is used as a sort
;
of exclamation without any strict con- not an ill matter. Of these the first is
struction. This was probably a familiar just possible erriTv/jLov is commonly

;
phrase, virtually equivalent to 'yes,' used as an adv., 558, N 111, 8 157, A

and only strengthened by vai drj. In and in the common Odyssean phrase
this use it is found in Attic comedy ;
tovt' dybpevcrov iT7]rvfx,ov (seven times).
e.g. Aristoph. Pax 276, Vesp. 142 raOr' For an adv. used as a predicate with
w deairdra, 'yes, sir!' £q. Ill AHM. elliftse of eVrt cf.
on A 416. But the
rovs xPVO'/ôi'^ Taxi) KXitpas 'iveyKe , . constr. is still very harsh. The third
XIK. raCr'. Ach. 815 raOra 5-^. Vcsj). alternative is better ; but the best re-
1008 TaCrd vvv, 'very well.' The full source, if the explanation first given be
and formal plirase would be val Brj TaOrd not accepted, is to regard eT-qrvixov not
ye TrdvTa, t^kos, Kara, fxoipav Genres, but as an adv., but as a substantival neuter,
the mother can use the contractions of just as B 204 ovk dyadbv -rrokvKOLpavi-q,
every -day life, ethtuxion is an adv., and cf. S
125 rd 5e /xeXXer' dKOv^fiep, el
verily it is not ill to save etc. Various — ereov irep. irebv and €T7)TVfiov both mean
other readings and punctuations have 'the truth.' (See Kiihner Gram. ii.
been adopted, and the line has given 5.3, with the quotations from Plato
mucli trouble. Ahrens writes cxHTUJua, there given. Farm. 160 a Tavra 8e ddvva-
thy rvords are true, supposing the altera- Tov ecpdvT], Soph. 252 E rd ye ovo dSuvaroi'
tion to the sing, to arise from the desire eiipedrj. )
<
lAIAAOC C (XVIII) 279
«X\a <Tv fxev /J.t')

ttco Karahvcreo fifoXov "Apijo^,
TTpiv 7 e/iie hevp iXOovaav ^v 6<f)6a\fioL(7(v iBrjUf 135
i]m6€V yap I'eufiat u/j. yjeXlwi uviovn

rev-)êa
koXcl (f)€povaa Trap' 'Hcpaiaroio civaKTO^"
w? iipa (ficovjjcracra ttc'iKlv TpuTred' vio9 akiov kuI hu>p.ara 7raTp6<i,

'
Kai 01 TTcivT ay opevcrar fxuKpbv OXvfnrov

•
eyoi 8 e?
el/jit, Trap "Hcfjaiarov k\vtot€'^vi]v, ac k iOeXrjiaiv

vu €fi(x)i Bofievac KXvra rev-êa 7rafx,(f)avucovra.^'
&)? e(f)aO , a! B vtto Kv/ia OaXdaariq avTiK ehvcrav. 145
7]
h avr OiiXv/LLTTOvSe dea (~)eri^ upyupoTreâ
rjlev, 6(ppa (plXcot iraiSl KXvra revjê iveiKai.
rj]v jxev dp OvXvixrrovhe 7roSe9 (pepov avrdp W.-âtol

0€(77reaicoc dXaXrjrMi 'E/CTopo? dvBpocpovoio
v(f)'
(pevyovre<i vrjd^ re Kal 'KXXr]a7rovrov iKovro. 150

ovBe Ke llarpo/trXot' irep €VKVt]fj,iBe<i Aâtoi
136 om. D\ I
Hwoi PR. CINIONTI : KaraauNTi Z"". 138. ^floc fifioc) LRJ
Pap. I, Syr., iv dtWwt A. 139. KacirNHxoici P. '
npocHuQa .1. 141. re : re I),
142. aropeOcai Zoii. 143. aV kg eeXHcei Vr. b d. 144. uTi 1 1 : uieT fl. ||
naN9aN6coNTa R. 146. &' qut' : jucn ap* Syr. 147. Hiei jucn .Syr. 'I
CNciKH(i) PRU Harl. a, Vr. h A, Bar. cnhkoi

: .1 : cncIkoi DG (T snp7:). 149-50
uiK. lit : 149-51 Old. fr. Mosc. 150. iKcceHN Yv. d. 151. oOde K€ : «V fiWwi
oud' apa A.
1:34. For the very rare use of tlie aor. .speaking of the marine tliviuity called
imper. with /xr] see //. G. gg 278, 328, V^puv, and worshipped at Gythion, whom
and A 410. he identifies with Xereus. So Hes.
136. The contracted form Neujuai is Thcog. 234 S-qpea. . . KoKiovcn -yipovTa,
suspicious, 88 being the only
velffdai o ovveKa vrj/xeprr]^ re ât TJirio^, etc.
other instance where the diphthong is 142. aropcucar', wapa 7,t]vo56tu}l "dyo-
in arsi and cannot be resolved. Xauck pevaai," Kai vtrocpaivei to \)txr)ptKbv lOos,
but yap occupies
conj. rjoodev vio/xai yap, Did.
the third only when })receded
place H only, the rest having
144. uTi, so
by fji^v, irep, re, and once (A 700) by v'uT,a very suspicious contracted form ;
a preposition with its case (Bekker cf. 458, 4> 34. The only well-attested
H. B. i. 286. 28 Pick suggests tliat : forms of the dat. are vuC and vu. Here
the colon might bo put after rjudev we ought perhaps to read vW e/xQi (vUi
instead of after tdrjai). Menrad conj. Nauck).
/j.ol,
which is better
vlaaofx, the change ;
151. The reference of kc is obscure ;
may have been made to avoid the un- 166 forms a natural protasis, but is so
usual elision of -at (cf. 110, - 194). far ofl' that a connexion is ditlicult.
138. ndXiN, with gen., hack from, as Hence Diintzer and Xauck read oi'o' dpa,
t] 143, T 430, cf. Tiixôs a:l/ uxraffdai a variant mentioned by Schol. A: 'after
M 420. all it was not the Achaians who .'âved
141. ovj/ojueNai, i.e. to visit, as in him but Achilles alone.' But 153-65
English ; 2
200, etc. Pausanias quotes look like an interpolated description of
this and the preceding line (iii. 21. 9) in the fight over the body of Patroklos
eK êkewv epvaavro vUvv, OepdirovT 'A;)^;iX.f;o9

avri'^ yap Si] rov ye kiôv \a6<; re
koI Ittttoc
et/ceXo?
"Ektojp t€ UpcdfJboio -rrais, (f)\oyl ciXkyiv.
155
TpU fiev p,LV pueroTncrOe ttoSmv \dj3e (})ai8ifJ.o<; ''EKTcop
8e Tpcoeaatv ofioKXa-
iXKe/xevai yiie/iaco?, fieya
8e 8u' AiavTe<i, dovpiv eVtet/xei'ot aXKi]v,
TpU
6 8' €p,7reSov, oXkI TreTroiOm,
veKpov direa-TvêXiâv.
ciWoT eiratâa-Ke Kara p,66ov, dWore S avre
arrdcTKe p,kya hiricrco 8' oh 'yj'it,ero irdpnrav. 160

Id-ywv,
o)? S' diTO o-co/xaxo? ov n \eovr aWoiva BvvavTai
dypavXoi /jueya Tretvdovra hieaOai,
7roc/jueve<;
w? pa Tov ovK eSvvaPTO Svco Aiavre Kopvcnd

"EKTopa Upta/xiBTjv diro veKpov hethiâaOat.
Kal vv Kev etpvcraev re koI cicrTreTOv -ijparo KvSoi;, 165
el jxii YlrfketwvL iroh')vefxo<i ooKea 'lpi<;
dyye\o<; rj\.6e deova air ^0\vp,7rov dwpi'jcrcreaOai,

Kpv/3Sa Ato9 dX\(ov re Oewv irpo yap rjKe fxiv "^PV-
152. N€KUN : QNaKTo p. 153. aOeic C. '
ton re : ton Se CT. 154.
9Xori : cui' Zen. 1!

YKeXoc (Yk-) AGT Syr.' 155. no'36c /> : oc juiin Tpic jmeTomcee
noScoN Xd6e kqJ ui^r' aurei Zen. 156. JUiera : eni H : juct^ Et. Mag. 625. 22. I
jLiera 3e TpcaecciN ojulokKo Ke(pa\HN be c eujui6c ONcorci nPsai auh CKoXonac

:
oV (cKoXonecci Heyne) TauoNe' anaXftc cn6 deipfic Zen. (from 176-77). 157.
bv : 3h Karl. a. aYoNTe DH (Harl. n. supr.) Lips.
!!
159 om. Vr. A. auTe || :
aiJTcoc Q. 160. Jmer' PQR. |

axecoN Zen.
idxcoN : 163. KopucTuJ HPR Vr. A.
164. bciaiscceai DT Syr. 168. aWcON ndNTcoN Vr. d.:
Hpa J. ||
end of P the
alternative to that at the — ability this passage is of quite in-
two accounts can hardly be reconciled, dependent origin from the earlier part
and the general picture has entirely of P such a discrepancy need cause no
;
altered. Nothing is said here about surprise.

the carrying of the body by JNIenelaos 161. Compare F 23 with note. Here
and Meriones with the Aiantes as a again we have the emphatic fieya Treivd-
rear-guard (P 715-61) the Greeks are ; ovra, but there is no reason why aQ/j-a
dragging it (ipvcravTo) b}^ the arms, the may not mean the body of an animal
feet trailing in reach of Hector's hand. slain by the lion himself.
Yet auTic (153) must refer to a preceding 167. ©copHCccceai, prejmre for the
narrative in which Hector had been battle, without allusion to the breast-
beaten oif for a time, nep seems to plate, or indeed to any armour at all ;
imply that though they themselves had cf. A 715, 301. N

So also we must
reached the ships it was more than they clearly take it in 189, where it answers
could do to save Patroklos. to KaraddvuL fj-QXav "Aprjos in 134. Cf.
154. Note the extensive variants of also II 218, where Patroklos is already
Zen., partly taken from the speech of armed.
Iris below, 176-77. Ar. objected that 168. This line is not free from sus-
Hector's intention is not to mutilate the
picion ;
it may have been added in view
body, but to exchange it for Sarpedon's of the opening of 9 by a poet who
(P 160-63, but cf. P 125-26) ;
so that in thought that Zeus would not permit
the mouth of Iris the words of 176-77 an open intervention by Iris and Hera
are a pious fraud intended It seems to assume that Zeus is
merely to (184).
arouse Achilles' anger. But in all prob- still on Olympos with the other gods,
lAIAAOC C (xviiij 281
a'^/-)ôv
8' icTTafxevr) eirea Trrepoevra TrpoarjvBa
•
"
opaeo, WrjXeiBy], irdi'Toyv eKTrayXorar ai'Opo)i>, 170
{[arpoKXfoi e7rdfj.vi'oi>, ov e'lveKa (f)vXo7ri<; aunj

e(7T7}K€ rrph veCov. oi 8' aW7']\ov<i oXeKovau',
ot fxev n/jLVv6fievoL veKvo<; T€dv7]0)To<;,
Trepi
01 8e epvacracrOai irpori "\\iov i^vefjioeacrav
'
Tpweii eTTiOvovai' fidXiara he (paiSifiO'^ I'./crwp 175
eXKefievai fxefxovev KCcpaXijv Se e 6vfxo<i avwye

TrPjâi dva cTKoXoTreaai rafxovd^ diraXr]^; dtro Beipfj'i.
dXX ava, /xijS' eVt Ketao' ae/Sa^ Be ere Ovjjihv iKeaO 0)
TluTpoKXov 'îipcoiijtai Kvalv fieXTrrjdpa yeveaOac
aoi X(o/3r), at k€v ti veKV<i Ti]ia^vfjifi€PO<i eXOiji.' 1«0
170. eKnaKXoTOT* S\'r. : iKnaXoTax" f^). 171. naxpoKXou .\ I'ai. c d

g j. i .
173. TeeNHcoTOCfAsM/)?-.) er T: xeeNcicoToc li.

IIP(^).S(,vM7/?-. 174. bk: Be r' Cant. II
cpucceceai A {siipr. a). i|

norJ [G]. 1|
HNCiioeccaN : ainu eeXoNxec Zen. (omitting
17o-77 see on 156).
;
176. be e : xe e A .Syr. : be re Cant. Ilarl. a. dNcbrci A j
(if &\\(j}L aucoren) CQTU Syr. Karl, a {kuj))-. e mem. rcc). 177. anb : Ono H.
178. JUH&' eri : uhkgxi U Hail. a. II C€ : xe Lips.^ : xi Q. ||
keceai ,1. 180.
cXeoi C : cXewc Svr.
instead of on Ida, thoiigli this is not Wvaiv p dXoXvâi, \ 591 tQv birbr Idvaei'
necessarily implied. In the sequel, yepcjv ewl x^P^'- fJ-daaffdat, while there
however, there is no talk of secrecy is no analogous use of dvcj or (îVw.
when Athene (203) and Hera (239, idi'tjelsewhere always has i' in the
interfere personally, nor does Zeus com- pres. the lengthening here
;
is due to
plain that he has been deceived or shew metrical necessity (App. D, B (2) /3).
any particular resentment, even if we Zen., having transferred 175-77 to 155

regard 357-59 as original. His obj(!Ct above, ended 174 with wpori "l\iov alvv
has in fact been fully attained in t)ie deXovTes, against the rule that H. has
defeat of the (Jreeks he has no grudge ; only the fern. "IXtos. See on 71.
against the body of Patroklos (see 1' 177. CKoXonecci are explained (a) as
270). Monro further notes that the poles, to tarry the head about but the —
position of juin is irregular. plur. is against this (b) the palisades of ;
170. CKnarXoxaxe, see note on A 146. the Greek foss, H 441, I 350— but to fix
Here it st-ems to express amazement at it there would be equivalent to surrender-
the incredible remissness of Achilles. ing it to the Greeks (c) palisades along ;
171. riaxpOKXcoi nearly all iis.s., as the top of the Trojan wall. Though
Z 361, M
369, N 465, etc. Ar. UarpoKMi'. ;
these are not mentioned elsewhere, their
The gen. is not found with the com- existence may fairly be concluded from
pound, and is very rare with the simple the fact that the wall of the model town
dfj-vveiv (see N 110, 11 522), tliough of Phaiakia is described as having them,
common with dfivveffdai. 7/
45 Tfix(a fJ.aKpd, vip-qXd, crKoXoireatnv
172. ScxHKC, so \ 314 <pv\6inda aTrjcrfiv, dprjpdra.
and cf Z 533, N 333. 178. ceBac, like alSib^, a feeling of
175. enieuouci, for the transition from reverence before the C07)wiu7iis sc7isvs of
the subordinate participial to the co- humanity. The subst. occurs only here
ordinate construction cf. T 80 loiaiv re in this sense, but cf. ae'^dadaro Z 167,
TiTvaKo/Mffoi \dfcro"t t' fâWof. The verb 417, and oH vv ffi^âde A 242. 179 = ?
might be divided iiri- Ovovai, with t 25.5.
lengthened by ictus but it is better to; ISO. HicxujujueNoc, cf. 24. Q 418, imply-
take it eir- lOvovcri, cf. also ir 297 tlis hv ing defdenient or mutilation, nckuc is
iiridvuavTi^ iXoifieda. The simple lOvui generally taken as a nom. sing. but ;
is used similarly with an intin., x 108 Doderlein makes it an ace. plur. for
"'I/3i 6ed, r/? rap ere dewv efxol dyyeXov rjKe ^

rov 8' avre iroS/jve/jiO'i oiKea 'I/?t9-
rfrpoaeeiTre
" Aio? KvSpi] irapaKonL^-
"H/3?; fie 7rpoe7]Ke,
ovhe Ti? a\\o<i 185
ovB' ol8e Kpovi8T]<; v^lri^vyo'i
ddavdrcov, oc "OXu/attoi/ d'ydvvL(f)OV d/icfiivefiovTai,.
'
•
B" Trpoa-ecprj TroSa? cokv<; A-)îX\.ev<;

T)]v d'7rafj,eil36/jievo<;
eKetvoi-
"ttw? rap I'm êrd fio)\ov ; exovai Be revx^
B' ov irpiv <y
ela $(opi]aaea0ac,
fJLy'jTTjp fie (f)t\r]
eXdovaav ev oÔaXfiolaiv iBcofiac 190

irpiv <y avrr-jv
arevTO <ydp 'HcftaLcrroio vrapoiae/xev evrea Koka.
>
dWov S' ov rev olBa rev civ K\vrd revyea Bvw,

rap Q. 185. out'
t' ap S Par. .
erepa rGiv 'Apiarapxav
.
182. xdp T] j : :
oure 187. auxe npoceeinc J.

anaueiBoucNOC npoc€<pH 188. Tap : :
-Syr.
192. aXX' oOa' DFQVYt. A, Yen. B. oCt' cu LR
rap H. juicoXon: uoeoN C.
:
il
oud* eu Vr. A: oiibe xeu Yen. B: oC; ghn GQS. toO Sn L juh Sn H teO Q. ||
: :
v^Kvas, cf. w 417 eK oe viKvs olkuv (popeov, other instance, X 584, is in a very late
and analogous forms in R. G. § 100 (-I'S passage {k^xpV''^'- '''V^ Xe?et 6 diacTKevacrTris
for -vvs, not contracted for -vas). This wapa T7}v TTOiTiToO avvrjdetav, Schol. V),
undoubtedly gives a better sense, thine and does not affect the question. Ar.
the dishonour if lie come ynutilated to the explained the word in all the other cases
dead; cf. 251 iydi y' i<p6.p.7)v vsKvas by Kara ^Mvoiav dptêcrOai, to have the
Kai Ou>fi W'tdao TJ/j.aTL twi5' 'iêadai. The mind set upon a thing. This interpreta-
idea that a mutilation of the dead in- tion, though of course defended by
volved a disabling of the ghost's power Lehrs {Ar. 98), is less suitable to the
to avenge is well - nigh universal in passages where the word occurs, with
primitive belief, and is indeed the origin the exception perhaps of V 83. The
of the custom of 'arm-pitting' {fxaaxo-- word probably not syncopated from
is
Xiêiv, see G. L. Kittredge in A. J. P. arevo/xai,but a genuine non-thematic

vi. 151 ff.). If the body of Patroklos is form with the long stem {H. G. § 11).
given to the Trojan dogs, it is not easy napoiceuEN is recommended by the
to see how it can in any way be said rhythm Trap' olaiixev, the reading
against
to 'come to the ships' (on the ordinary of Ar. wrote the accent with
(who
interpretation). anastrophe again.st the rule, in order to
182. Tliis is the first instance in the shew clearly how he took the preposi-
II. of speech in a single line ; there are tion). Trapa<p€peiv does not recur, it is
several others in the subsequent books. — true, in H., except possibly in tmesis in
If 168 is rejected, it is evident that the very similar A 97, q.v. ; but we may
181-86 (or at least 185-86) must go with compare the later wapadidSvaL, to hand
it. Note the suspicious neglect of F in over,and it is better to accept an unusual
ov5' olBe.
comjiound than to leave the line virtually
188. CKeTNOi evidently implies dislike ;
without any caesura.
see note on S 250, and compare the 192. The sense of the line is clear,
Attic line — the enemy. Tlie form (for the grammar very puzzling. aXXou xeu
Kelvoi) is late, but has [irobably always might seem to be dependent on xeiixea
stood here see on I 63-64.
; in the next clause, as though the poet
191. creuTO, a word which occurs six meant to say dWov Se rev ovk Slp revxea
times in 11., always in the sense to dvu, and changed the form of the
declare, whetlier by way of hoast (B 597, sentence as it went on. But then the
I 241, 455) or proinise, as here and E use of the direct interrogative xeu instead
8.32, or simple declaration, V 83. The of OT€u is without a real parallel, and the
latter sen.se also suits p 525. The only contraction is itself suspicious, recurring
lAlAAOC C (XVIII) 283
ft /xi) Ai'ai'TO? 76 auKO'i 'VeXa/jLwvuidao.

dWa Kal auTO(; 6 y\ eXirofM hn irpwroicnv o/xtXet ,
e'7êi Brjiocov rrepl llarpoKXoio 6av6uTo<;.' 195

Tou 8 avre irpoaeeLTre 7ro8?;t'6/zo9 w/cea ^\pi<;-
"
€v vv Kal 7]fi€i<i iBfiev 6 too kXutu revê^ e')(ôvrai'
lOOC avTO<i eVi rd(f)pov loov Ipcoecrai (puinjOi,
al' Ke a vTrohhelaavTe<^ (iTroa-^covrai TroXe/xoio
Tpcoe?, civaTTvevaoiai 8'

dpi'fiot vle<; W-âioiv 200
'
reipofMei'Of oXiyi} Be t' dvuTrvevai'i iroXefioto.
?} /xev dp^ (o<; elirova uTre/Sr] 7ro8a9 MKea \pi<i,
avTap A-îXXeix; oypro 8ii(f)iXo^' d/u,cf)l

B Âdijvrj
Mfioie Bla Oedcov 205
-^pvaeoi', €K 8' aurov Bate (f)X6ya 7ra/u,(f)av6(oaav.

ft)9 B ore KaTTuo'i l(Jov e^ dareo^ aWep LKrjrai,
194. npcoTOiciN :
rpcoecciN ACi >T fr. Mosc, yp. Eust. ojuiXcTn CJ Vr. b.
197. VcjuEN (M'l;. b Toi : OTi CGJPTU, 7p. Eust. [I kKutq : â-" (via. KaXd
Sell. A. 198. auTOC /en. Aph. PR: aOxcoc li. 199. Ke c' : ken G.
OnoBeicaNxec G. anocxoNxai P. 200 01 om. Syr. Pap. t, Par. o'' : 201 oni. ..1ST
fr. .Mo.^c. QNanNeucic
201. : aNonaucic Ilarl. a. 203. iiu,<f\ &':Syr. aOrdp H
206. naju9aN6eccaN nau9aN6coca i,' : L. 207. oi îovvcnov tov QpaiKo.
wepl
(pacrtv 'Apiarapxai' Tvp^^Tr}i tch'tijl xp^'ufi'oi' rrji ypa<f>rii fierad^ffdai Kal ypd^pai coc 5'
ore nOp eni ponton apmpcnec aieep' Ykhtqi, Did.
only in o 509, (0 257 (rei; end. iseommoner, from A 800-01, through the similarity
but see van L. Ench. § 99 reo or re' can ;
of 199 to .V 799. They are not in place
be written in all places but B 388, T 371, w here; Achilles is not to be roused into
257). It is perhaps better to take &\\ov action by anj' sympathy for the weariness
rev (with Monro) as gen. after ol5a (cf. of the Greeks, but only by the desire to
A 657 ovSe ti olSe irevdeos) and then to save his friend's body,
a.ssume a sudden change of thought — 204. See B 447.
JVith respect to ani/ other I know not — 206. CKb' auroQ, from the rnanhiinsclf,
JVhose anns can I %ccar? Compare il from his very body. So of Diomedes E
197 ToSe eiwi, tI toi (ppealv e'lSerai elvat, 4-7 rotov oi irvp Saiev dwd Kparoi re Kal
where the direct question takes the w/iLuiv. It is of course possible to refer
place of the indirect. dWov 5' oi) nva avrov to v(<pos, from it, but this is much
olda, Sren (N"auck) is too jilain to be cor- weaker,
rupted. 207. The point of this tine simile
193. AYaNToc coikoc, t)vt€ trvpyov, 11 lies in the words au" HcXicoi KaxaSuNTi,
219-23, () "J'i7. 210. The beacons are only fire by night,
194. eXnojuiai, / suppose. 6juiXcT of and only smoke by day but as the sun ;
(.onvLT.se like A 523 opLiXôpLfv

' '
hostile sets the fire flames out, and both smoke

Aavaoia-i. and fire are visible together for a time ;
198. auTOc Zen. Aph., Kai ovk dXoyos in like manner while the cloud is dark
iffTiyi] ypa<pr], Did. A corru]ition of over Achilles' head the fire shines to
ai/rds toaiVws is far more probable than heaven. Van L. adopts Ar.'s variant on
the opposite, on account of the apparent the grounds given by Schol. T Kal yap
'
metrical difficulty. In either case the drowov (prîn (sc. Aplffrapxoi) irvp eUd-
sense is the same, as thou art, without êcrdat. Kairvuii. It must be confessed (in
arras. spite of Ludwich Ar. ii. 92-94) that
200-01 are evidently interpolated this alteration looks very like a con-
TTjXodev eK v^](TOV rrjv hi'-j'ioi, dfx.cfyifid'ôvTaf

oi re Travr^êpioL crTvyepoii Kplpovrac Wp?fi
aaT€0eT€pov d/xa S' rjeXtcoi, KaraBuvn 210
re ^XeyeBovaiP iirrjrpLixoi, S' avyrj

TTvpa-Oi v-yjroa-e
ylverai dtatrovaa, TrepiKTLovecycni' ISeadat,

at Kev TTw? avv vrjvaiv dpeco dXKrripe'^ LKcovraf
'Uave.
&)9 air 'AîW)]o<; Ke<pa\y]'f (Te\a<; aWep
a-Ti) S' eVl rdcppov Icov diro rei')(€o<i, ovS e? Anâôu? 215
jjbicryeTO- fiT/rpo^ yap ttvklvi^v oiTriêr €(f)eT/jii]v.
ev9a dirdrepOe Be UaXXd'i Xdiivrj

crrd0eyâr' drdp Tpooecratv iv dcnrerov Mpcre Kvhoifjiov.

C09 o OT api^rjAT] (paiprj, ore t ta%f aaAjriy^
208. au9iJadxcoNTai [II]. 209. KpiNCONTai OH

Syr. fr. Mosc. 210. acxu
nepi noTfi A, i.e. noTi) c9eT€poN Zeii. 212. rirNerai G Syr. 213. nqucIn (,>. !
apeco Ai. :
apeoc COS Lips. Vr. b apHOc Vr. A apecoc 12.
: Ykontoi P.
: 215. |1
ec : en' ap. Eust. 218. auxdp G. €N acneTON!l aNdcnexoN U Harl. a. :
219. ore : Sti Lips.
jecture
—
whether Ar. 's own or one which TTOTt) acperepov does not make things
he found in one of his Mss. we are not in clearer.
a position to say. Nor apparently was 211. ^HHTpiuoi recurs only in 552, T
Did., whose scholion gives important 226. In roivs, one after another seems
evidence as to the uncertainty respecting to be the sense required in all three
Ar.'s criticism which already prevailed places. So Ap. Rhod. i.30 iv. 937,
in his day. The difficulty as to the 1455 — perhaps the only other instances
;
comparison of smoke to fire is partly in Greek literature.

met by the objection given above, though 213. See note on 100.
the parallelism of ws . . Kairvos . .
aWep 215. ixnb jeixeoc, aivay from the wall,
LKTjTaL and <is . . creXas aldep iKavev em- which is separated from the foss by a con-
phasizes the point. But we had much siderable distance see on 342,
;
213. H
the same trouble in P 547 ff. where a 218. It is not clear whether the sub-
dark cloud is compared to a rainliow ject of cbpce is Achilles or Pallas
;
prob- ;
in both cases the mixture of

light and ably the former, d-rr-dTepde (pdeyâro . .
darkness conveys the idea of gloom the ;

being parenthetical.
tire here is 219. apizHXH, see on B 31S. YaxE,
dejiicted not as briyht but as
hiricl.
aorist, the imperf. not being admissible
209. oY T€, so Ms.s. This, however, in a simile. The only forms of this verb
is hardly to be explained except of the found in H. are 'iaxe, iâxov, and the
beleaguering force, as it is continuative participle, Idxcov, etc. The verb is thus
of what while
immediately precedes, probably alwaijs an aor. excej^t in the
must part, which is = FiFdxuv, and lengthens
dareos e/c
(T<p€Tepov refer to the
besieged (it cannot mean 'far from their a preceding short syllable, whereas I'axe
own city,' as that sense can only be and 'iaxov never (except in A 506 = ? 317)
given by d-rro). Hence Heyne conj. oi shew F but elide a short syllable. Hence
8^, which has been adopted by most the probability of Schulze's j^roposal to
editors this will mean the
;
besieged, as write Fdxe, Fdxov as aor. (here re Fdxe).
8e gives the
required change of subject, See note on B 316, and ^. G. § 31. 1.
and all is plain— i/icy have been striving The trumpet is mentioned again only in
all daij in haltlc
from their city-avails. a metaphor in 4> avros oTde
388. 6ti
The picture no doubt taken from a
is
ovk 8k toi)s ijpcoas
crdXTTLyyas, xp'^h'-^vovs
.sudden descent of pirates
upon a small €i(xdy€i, An. Com])are the similar re-
island town. Zen.'s durv wepi (or marks on 679, * 362.
lAIAAOC C (will) 285
aarv TTtpiirXofievioi' St'jicov viro OvfiopaiaTewv, 220

w? TOT apitî'fKi] (f)(oi'7) 'yever XlaKlhao.
oi 8 (1)9 ovv aiov oira -^(iXKeov AiaKiBao,
TTciaiv drap /caXXiTpi'ê<;
opti'Or] dv[x6<;' I'ttttoi
ciyp- oêa rpoTreov oaaovTO yap aXyea dvp.o)i.
fjiuoôi 8 eKirXTjyev, eVet iSov uKufxaTOv irvp 225

heivov virep K€(f)aXrj(; fieyaOvfiov lhjXeio)vo<;
Saiofievov ro Se Sale dea yXavKOi-rri^ Xdi'^vrj.
Tpl<i fiev virkp rd^pou fMeydX (a-ê Sto? A-îXXev^,

Tpi<iBe KVKi']di]aav T/3we9 KXecroi t'
iiriKovpoi.
evda he kuI tot oXoi'to SucoSeKa (f)0)Te<; aptcrroL 230
dfii^l a<l)ol'i oêeaai kuI eyêaiv. avrap AâiOi

220. euAiopaicToooN PR \r. A euJUopaYcrcoN : il. 221 "//'. T''. api^wXH .1.
riNer" .ll'K. 222 om. T*- r>ar. Par. a'. x*^^'^^"'^ '^''^^'- aiaKibno :
7,m. qu&h-
CQNTOC Par. a"'. 223. aurap U. KaWixpixac Vnnouc Bar. 225. CKnXHroN
H8 \'r. A: enXHrcN P. 226. unep On' €k T. : 227. TO : ton P. 228.
Td9poN !,•. 229. kXhtoi 230 31. 'Arjfoooros yp. €Nea be Koupoi oXonto
Pjar.
BucbdcKQ ndNxec fipicToi oTcin cnI BeXeecciN An. 231. oxcc<pi Par. e iv dWui :
zi9eecci (si<p€cci .m.s. ) A. i|

erxeciN entscin Vr. d.:
220. lino, by reason of death-dealing text,however, may be defended by the

foemen encircling a city, of. II 591. analogy of <t>opiw beside <pip(>i. occonto
Tlie ]io.sition and sense of tlie part. A 105.
ncpinXoueNcoN are imiqne tlie word is ; 225. gKnXHreN, .sc. <ppî>as, X 394,
el.sewhere used only of the revolving II 403. So, without (ppevas, a 231 sk
year (compare however ireptTroXos, yap fie irXrjairova-i.
irepiiroXf'iv idea seems to

in Attic). The 230. To the reading of Zen. Ar. (ap.
be that the trumpet is used by the An. ) objects flcriv oOre tî avvdecti
sentinels of a beleaguered towii to 'OjurfpiKoi, oi'Te to " otcrtJ'
jSeXeeacnv" vyiuis
summon the citizens to the walls. Or e'iprjTai tocs eairrOiv edeiyap roh dWriXwv.
perha[>s Yaxe uno
'
is sounded hi/ the The first of these objections is a matter
besiegers,* to give the signal for assault. of taste for the second, viz. that olffi
;
©UJUopaVcrecoN, N 544. cannot refer to a plural subject, in the

sen.se 'their,' see Ai>p. A. He may have
222. x'^^'^ÔN, i.e. unwearied, perhaps
criticised with more giound the tauto-
with the added idea of ringing (|uality
logical /3e\êo-<rt ^yxf<ri.v. . . But there
suggested by the trumpet above cf. ;
is much to be said for Zen. 's
E and reading,
XaXKe6<po}i'os 785, x^-^'^^'^" V'ôp which avoids the awkward kqJ totc
B 490. On the form An. remarks
(apparently to be taken as= 'even in the
retreat ') as well as the hardly intelligible
ffvvcls OTL Trapair\y)ai6v (cm to erx^Mct As this stands we
TuJi
" kXvtos dfi<pi <T(po7s oxeecrcrt.
(B 742, q.v. )
'iTTTToSafxeia" must translate (by '
" falling) beside their

Kot 6ep;u6s avTi.i.y)" {Hym. Merc. 110).
The reading of Zen., though not necessary,
own chariots and on their own spears
'
—
an ungraceful zeugma, which no doubt
cannot be dismissed with a mere d/meTpuis led to the presumably conjectural
while the te.\t contains numerous forms
^L<p(€(7ai mentioned by A. It is probablv
like xp^f^^V, x'*^"^^'^' ^'tc., scanned with
meant that the front rank in their
synizesis. sudden flight impaled themselves on
224. TponeoN, here onlj'. Perhaps we the spears of those behind. But there
should read rpdvaov, see on O 666 the ; ought to be no chariots in the fighting
change may be due to the analogy of the line. Monro compares Thuc. vii. 84
later Ionic opfu, etc., aided by the ilis- irepl re toIs oopaTiois Kal ffKevecriv oi nev
appearance of rpoTrdw into TpwTrdoj. The evdiis 5u<pd€ipovTO kt\.
acnraaiox; UdrpoKXou v-rreK êXewv epvaavTe^

KcirOeaav ev Xexêcrar 8' a/j,(f)€(TTav eraipot
(j)i\ot
8e vroSco/c?/? el^Trer 'A;)(îA.Xeu9
/xvpofievoi' fiera acpi
eVel etcriSe inarov kralpov 235
hUpva dep/xa %ea)i^,
Keifievov eV (f>eprp(OL SeSaiy/xevov 6|et ')(ci\.koh.
TOP p eVe/xTre avv iinroia-tv koI 6)(€(T(f)iv

rjTOL fiev
€9 TToXe/iov, ovS^ avTi<; eSeâro vocm]aavra.
-qeXiov S' aKcifiavTa /3ow7ri<? iroTPLa "Hpv
Tre/x-v/rez/
eV' 'flKeavoio poa<i aeKOVTa veeadai- 240
eSu, Travaavro 8e Stoc

A-âcol
r)e\LO<; fxev
Kpareprj<i
koX ofioiiov jroXe/xoLO.
(f)u\67nBo<i
S' avO'' a-rro Kparepfj^ ucr/itV?^?
Tpwe? hepcodev
'vaspiâavTe^
eXvaav vcfi cippbacnv WKea'i lttttov^,
S' 245
e? dyoprjv djipovTO irdpo'i SopTTOio piehecrOai.
3' karaoTwv dyopr] yiver ovSe rt? erX?; ,
opdSiv
eêaOaf Trdvra^ yap e%e rpopô^, ovveK A^tXXei"?
he /xa^^;? eTreiravT d\eyeivrj<;.
eêc^dvri, hrjpov
Tolai 8e IlovXvSd/jia'i TreirpvfMevo's r/p'^' dyopevetv
llavdotS7]<i' 6 yap 0Z09 opa irpocraoi kul oTncrao). 250
233. a9ecTaN P^(,) Lips. 6u9ecTacaN AR.

: 236. <pepeTpcoi G. 238.
eic Vr. A. aueic C. 239. iv dWcoi AeXiON ixis ^ncira A. 240. neuneN AQ
Hail. a. 242. nroXeJuoio ODGHQTU Syr. 243. aue' : oun J : au A {siqn: e)
Yr. A. il
ano Kpaxepftc ucuinhc iv dXXwt eni :
epcocjucbi neîoio A. 247.
€xe : 'd\e (Asicpr.) H Vr. b A. rpouoc 9660c 1

: Zen. 248. anenaux' G.
238. NocTHcoNTa as usual implies safe is preceded by the aor. 86/j.evai). See
return and is virtually the principal verb, Gildersleeve's instructive remarks in
Ji£ rehcrned not safe for Achilles to icel- A. J. P. ii. 467. Monro suggests, how-
come him. ever, that uedeceai may be aor. of /x^-
240. acKONTo, because before his time. do/j-ai, H. G. § 31. 2 no forms occur ;
The only other instance in H. of a which necessarily imply fiedofiai.

divine interference with the course of 246. In a regular assembly of course
natural phenomena is in ^p 243 {'Kdrjvr}) all sat but the speaker ; that all should
vvKTa fxev ev Trepdrrn doXixrî' crx^dev ktX. stand is a mark
of confusion and haste.
So ends the eventful day which began 247. ^zeceai, rather eêcrdai, aor. of
with A. It is now so overburdened t'êcrOai, see on 285. X
For exe we
with an accumulation of events through should perhaps adopt the variant Ae
the growth of the i)oem that one can (Piatt J. F. xix. 42), but the difference
'
hardly think of this ending as prema- between imperf. and aor. is very slight
ture' Avithout a smile. here.
244. U9' apjuaciN must be taken at- 248. SHpoN, see on 125. The clause is
tributively with tinrovs, tovs vtto to'ls simply co-ordinated by 8e, leaving the
dpfj-aaiv ovras. The gen. is always used connexion of thought, 'although,' or
elsewhere (except 576, '^ 7?), and is 'after that,' to be supplied by the hearer.
then naturally taken with the verb. 250. It is commonly said that in this
245. ndpoc only here goes with the
phrase np6ccco refers to the ;;«s< (as that
pres. instead of the aor. intin. So with which is before our eyes), 6niccco to the
Trpiu—the, only exceptions to the rule future. It is however very doubtful if
being t 475, A 99 (where the pres. dyen' this can be maintained, w'pocru in later
8' eratpoq, ojl B iv vvktl ydvoDTo-

FjKTopi ^jev
aXX" 6 fxev up ixvOoLaiv, b h e'^/Xî
ttoWov ev'iKa.
acfiiu €V (f)poveo)i> dyop/jaaro kui fierieiirev

"
p,d\a (ppdêcrde, (fiiXoc Ke\o/j.ac yap eyoye
d/jL(f)l
acTTvSe pvi' levai, fxi) fMifjLveiv yjo) hlav

iv TreSicoL irapa vrjuaiv eKd<i 8' diro reLêo^ elfiev.
6(f)pa fiev ovTOf; dvrjp Xyafxe^vovt p,i'}Vte Bio)i,
rocjypa Be pi-jtrepoi TroXe/xllêiv rfcrav A'âior

yaipecTKOv yap e'7&)7e 6orji<i eirl vrjvalv lavwv,
260
i\7ru/j,€vo<; vf]a<; aipyjae/xev dpi<îe\L(raa<i.
vvv 8' alvoi^ BeiBoi/ca TroBcoKea IhjXeitova-
olos" eKeivov Ov/xb'i ovk ideXi]a€t

v7rep^L0<i,
fiLfiveiv iv ireBioii, oOi irep T/awe? Kal X-âioi
iv fxecrwt dfi(f)6Tepoi /xevo]0^ Bareovrat,
dWd Trepl vrToXto? re /jLa-^rjaerai ?}8e yuvaiKOJv. 265
253. 8c C91N <;P Syr. 255. acru re .T. 256. euncaicoi H. 258.
noXcjuizece' S. 260. nhqc r' epucejucN .]n.
(.. 261. 5eQoiKa i,)R. 262.
OUK : ovb' n.r Vr. A. 264. apeoc AC Hail, a, Ven. l!. 265. fV &\\wl
juaxeccerai A.
Greek refers to the future, as with us ;

Ilicuf even this would be inconsistent
;
it isnot elsewhere in H. used in a with passages shewing that the Trojans

temporal sense, oiricxau} when temporal remained in or near the citv while
is always used of the future (F 160, 411, Achilles yet fought (I 353). The allu-
A 37,and often). It seems therefore sion can only be to the previous bivouac
that the words are rather to be taken of the Trojans eiri dpwa/xwi iredioio, after
locally, of a man who takes
'
a wide their success in 6. iaucoN, passing the
view,' and does not fix his attention ni'jht, seel 325. fe'rcure, emphatic, 'I,
solely on what is just in front

of him. the same who used to delight am . .
The 'other instances are A 343, V 109, now afraid,' etc.

w 452. The same idea is repeated in 262. oToc gives in anticipation the
d/xî fidXa (ppdêade, 254.
reason for ovk edeXriffei, cf. 212 otoy
251. Cp. Virgil Aen. x. 702 Paridis- (Keiuoif dv/j-ds vir^pjBLOs, ov <Te fiedrjuei. p
que JRmauta Aequalem comitevique, luia 514 of 6 ye fivdeiTai, deKyoiro k€ toi (piXoi/
quern node Theano In lucem dedit . .
^Top. This is more Homeric than to
Par in, refer the clause to what precedes, though
etface pracgnans Cisseis regina
etc. For lHi = the same of. ftia fl 396, it is of course possible to do so. In that
etc. The
contrast in character in spite case we should adopt the variant ovd'
of the coincidence of nativity was a for OUK. CKeiNou, so Mss. and in a late
tlifficulty, as appears from
the scholia, to book the form need not be doubted.
those who sought in Homer tlie elements To read Keivov gives a very harsh rhythm.
of astrology, as well asofall other sciences. 264. jaeNoc "ApHOC, cf. ir 269 bnore . .
'
254. au9) . .
9pdzece€, cf. wepi- /txeVos Kplvi-jTai Apyjoi, the fury of battle.
look at the matter on SareoNTai, share between them ; a phrase
'
<ppai'wfjLe9a, a 76 :
both sides,' as we say. which appears to be unique.

257. ouToc iiNHp, it is needless to name 265. nepl, as the stake of the contest ;
the great fiitiiiy. in this sense a.iJL<pl with dat. or ace. is the
258. pHlrcpoi noXejuu'zeiN, easier to
'
usual word, see note on II 526, irepi
fight with,' as 589, *\:], V. A
243, etc. M being generally used of the object only
259. The iterative XQ'pecKON is hardly as defended. But compare Y 137, M 216,
to be explained, unless it be assumed to and 279 below ;
and \ 403 irepi tttoKios
refer to a period before the story of the fjLaxiovfXivov r]5i yvvainQv.
d\)C I'ofiev irporl clarv, iriOeade fxoi' a)8e ykp earai.

vvv /xev vu^ aireiravae iroScoKea U7]\eL0)va
el 8' eVâS'
afxl3po(Ti7]- cifM/jie «i;^j;o-eTat iSvTU^^
(tvp revx^cnv, ev vv rt? avrov
aupiov SpfivOeU
aairaai(o<i ^'VKlov 270
f^vwcrerai' yap cK^Lêrai iprjv,
OS- Ke ^vyr^L, 7roXkou<i 8e Kvve<i koL yvTre^ eSovrac

at yap St] /jloc an ouaro^ wSe yevoiro.
Tpdicov
el S' av ifioU eVeeo-crt TriddipieOa KT]86nevoi irep,
vvKTa fiev elv dyoprji adepo<i eôfiev, aaru Se irvpyoi

T€ irvXat aavLSe<i r eirl rrji<; dpapvcat 275
v<î]\ai
pâKpal ivêaTOi eêuy/jbevai elpvaaovTai'
S' v-rrijoLot, auv revxâi 6(op'r]x0evTe<;
Tzpoil
266. uoi : ae u' L. il

<£)5e rap ecxai :
yp. die rhp oucinon L. 267 om. U.
&': eontoc Syr.
Aa' 271. 9uroi S.
oOa' S. 272. (Jbaroc (,).
268. €1 (,>: li
||
rcNoiNTO Hail. a. 273. nieolueea Karl, a, iv dWwi A. 275. t' d' Syr. :
277 om. H. H On' Acbioi Cant. On' hoT CLQR Vr. A en' hoT V Lips.
: :
ill the assembhj (sc. by delibera-

266-83 are regarded as a later iiiter- aofxiv,
I>olatioii by Heyne, Duntzer, Nauck, tion) we shall find strengtli. This does
They contain two not suit the ace. of duration vvKra, as
Fick, etc. ilagiant
'
violations
'
of the digamma, dîêrat P. can hardly mean that they are to
IXiov and eôfxev darv, and several strange debate all niglit long. Hence it is
below. The latter generally taken to mean '
through the
expressions noted
.could all be removed by the excision of night we will keep our force (army) in
272-76, leaving only one violation of F. the place of assembly,' instead of letting
We are not dealing with an ancient them disperse to their homes. This
to retain sense of crdevos is not Homeric the word
part ; and it is indispensable ;
266-71, 277-83, for the sake of the very occurs only in the sense of physical force
effective allusions in Hector's reply to the or in periphrasis, adevos 'ilpiuivos. It
actual words of Polydanias (see on 303). is however found in Soph. Aj. 438 in
270. acnacicoc, Cobet daTrdcrios, which a remotely analogous phrase {irreXdwi'
may be riglit, as the adj.
is always used oiiK eXda-ffovi ffdivei). So in prose we
predicatively, never as an epithet.
But have Travrl ffdevei. jSoTjdeii', and 8vva/j.LS
the change is quite unnecessary. So in occurs in this sense in Herod, and Xen.
232 Nauck reads daTrdaioL, cf. "I" 607. It is better to understand 'we will keep
272. an" oijaToc, far from my hearing ; (husband) our strength (by resting) in
cf. X 454 there the phrase is more
;
the agora.' The local use of dyoprj =
natural with ^wos, while here nothing forum may be defended by j" 266 and
audible has been mentioned. The words 5 'âL-QKijjv dyopfjud^ i) crcpiv irapd vqval
are perhaps a formula of deprecation of T€TVKTo. But the whole phrase smacks
unlucky words, rather than a prayer that of post-Homeric diction.
the thing mentioned may not happen : 275. coNiaec, boards, perhaps an addi-
let the word I have sjioken be removed tional covering fastened on the doors
'
from my ear,' i.e. let it be taken as for extra security against assault see ;
unsaid, so i'ar as the omen is concerned. note on 454.M

In tliat case co&e is less a]ipropriate, and 276. IzeurJueNQi, joined together, or
probably is another sign that the phrase perhaps rather closed tight, taken predica-
is borrowed here. The emphatic ])Osition tively with dpixTffovTai. This seems to
of TpcbcoN, too, by tio means corresponds be the only case in H. where the verb is
to theimportance of the word. used in any but the literal sense of yoking
274. cecNoc
^soucn, a very obscure to a chariot.
phrase explained by Ar. rrji. [iouXrji Kpar-r]- 277 =6 530.
lAIAAOC C (Will) 289
tCTTrjao/jLed^ cifi 7rvpyov<;.

ran S' tiXytoi^, al k ede\rji(riv
iXdcov e/c vi]MV
Tetêo9 aixfii fjid-êcrdcu' nrepl
ay\r irukiv eia iirl vP]a<i, eVei k €piau)(eva<; tTnroV'i
•J80
iravroiov Bpofiov aaiji viro tttoXlv t]\a(jKa^wv

eicro) 8' ov pav dvp.o<i i(f)opp,)j0P]vai, idcrec,
avBe TTOT dpyol ehoinai.'

eKTrepcret- irpiv fMCv Kvv€<i
rov S' dp vTToBpa lBmp 7rpo(7e(f)rj Kopv0aio\o<; bjKTCop'

"
UovXvSdpa, av p-kv ovKer ip,ol (f)'i\a ravr dyopeuei^;, 285
09 KeXeac Kara dcrrv d\y]pevai avTi<i lovra^.
/;
ov TTO) KeKoprâde ie\p.evoi, evhoOi 7rupy(oi' ;
irplv puev yap YipidpoLO ttoXlv p.epoire'i duOpwirot

TTarre? p^vOecrKovro iroXv-^pvcrov ttoXvûXkov
290
vvv he Sr]iâ7ru\(o\€ Sup^cov Keip,ij\La Ka\d,
TToWd Be 8)) ^pvyir]V Kal Ishôvlrjv epareLvrjv
KTi']p,aTaTrepvdpev 'iKec, eVel p,eya<; (jdhvaaro Zel's^

vvv B\ ore irep pioi eScoKe Kpuvov 7rdi<; dyKvXopijTeo)
KvBo'i dpecrd eirl vrjvcri, ddXdcrcTrji r e\aat A-âcov^,
278. an. : 6n (Qn) D-GPQR Syr. Yr. d Anuprouc IJ'. 279. nh6c Mor.
:
281. acei C. |
aXucKOzcoN Q. 285. nouXuadjuiaN ap. Sch. T (Zen. cf. M 231). ;
286. aueic C. 287. KCKOpucee ,TK KCKopecee U KCKopHceoN Zen.

:
êpucNoi : :
Vr. b eeprjUENOi
: liar. Mur. \ r. A. 291. bk : Koi Syr. 292. hkci (J PS Harl. a.
Vr. b A. 293. nep : bn V\\. 294. eXcai : eXacai 0< : oXXec' Bar. Mor.
281. HXacKcizcoN, apparently conn, with was too firmly established to be shifted
d\d-co and perhaps -qXeds, ijXlOeoi, wander- in place. The five lines 288—92 are a
ing aimlessly ((hout. Cf. note on 128. confusing element in the speech, and
The word recurs only i 457, in a different seem to have no bearing whatever on
sense but cf. jjXdo-Kw B 470, N 104. The
;
the situation they would certainly be
;
suffix seems often to convey an

-dj'eij'
better away, for if we omit them the
unfavourable or contemptuous meaning ;
connexion of thought is quite clear, but
cf. fiL/jLv
-
dîj), pLWT
-
dô}, oivoiroT-dû), as they stand, the loss of wealth would
TTTuffK-d^tj) (Monro on v 9). appear to be an excuse rather for the
282. For the weak cdcei we expect defensive than for the oflensive attitude
((prjffei or evrjcreL (Hevne dvriaei van L. ). ;
which Hector is recommending, nun 9e
284-Sr.= M
230-3'l. too is usedintwo quite dilferentantitiieses
287. KEKopHcee, 6ti 7i7)v65otos -ypdcpet in 290 and 293, in the latter case having
" no connexion whatever with what imme-
K€K6prjadov," ai'yx^'^" to dinKov, An. ;
see on \ 567. Tliis is an obvious cor- diately precedes. For the thought com-
ruption for metrical reasons due to pare n 54.3 4*, T 402, and for 291, T 401.
ignorance of the F of FeFeX/jL^voi. (The 292.nepNOJUieNa, probably to sup]>ly
variant eepy/iivoi is equally possible, but payment fortheallies, cf. the Swpaof P225.
may be due to the idea that the same iiut the idea .seems in advance of the
word should not be repeated in two lines, political economy of the poems generally.
even in diti'ei'ent forms. 15ut this is not 294. The F of feXcai is neglected.
inconsistent with the Epic style.) Jlence Heyne proposes to read /cat dtj.<p'
288. iieponec, here in the nom., as 15 d\a (from A 409) for fâXdcrtnjt t'. Such
285 in dat. elsewhere only ixepoiruiv.
;
a change is unlikely, though it might be
The lengthening by the ictus is rare at explained by the apparent hiatus. On
the beginning of the fifth foot ; here it the other hand, there is no ground for
is evidently due to the ending jj.epoTroji' rejecting the lines; unlike what precedes
dvdpJ37ru)v, which might be adapted but they cohere well with the rest of the
VOL. n U
ravra ivl hrj^coi- 29&

vrjirte, /xtjKiTi voi^fiara <âlv
ov yap Tt9 Tp(o(ov iTrnreiaerai' ov yap idaco.
a\V ay€d\ av eyoi eiTTO), irecOMfieda Trdvre^.
co?
vvv /J,ev SopTTOV eXeade

Kara arpaTov iv reXeecrcn,
Kal p.vi'ja-aa-de
Kal iyprjyopde €KaaTO<^-
(l)vXaKi]
Tpcocov S' 09 v7repîd\co<;
o-vXXeâ<; Xaolat Borco KaTaST]/jLo/3opf]crat'
TMV TLvd êXrepov ecrrtv eiravpefjuev i] nrep Aâtoi;?.
S' vTrrjoloL avv reu^êcri 6a)p-7]xêvT€<;
irpo)l '
VTjvalv eiTi yXacpvprjiatv iyeipofMev o^vv Api]a.

305
el S' Trapa vav(f)iv dvearrj 8io<i A^tWef^,
e'reoi'
at k iOeXTjcai, tml ecraerai. ov [xiv eycoye

dXyiov,
(f)€vôfjiai
eK irdXepbOio hvariêo<;, dXXd fidX dvTrjv
k€ fiiya Kpdro'i, rj
k€ (f)6poLfir)v.
aTi]cro/xai; ?? êprjiai
^vvo<i evvdXto<;, Kai re Kraveovra Kareicra.
CKacToi P. 300. un€p9id\oic Harl. 302.
299. arpHPopee J {siipr. k). \\
a.
TWN : WN R. II
H : eV P : oO G. 303. On' huoi Caut. : Cin' AoT CGLQ. 304.
NauciN Q. [
fireipoucN Yr. A. 305. &' oii\. H. 306. Tcbl : t6 P. 307. noXe-
juou L. 308. 9epHici :
9epoiTo Syr. li
h kc : h^ Vr. A.
speech, and it is wisest to accept the castically repeated in order to emphasize

neglected F as another indication of the the contrast of the two conclusions ;
and
date of all this part. so aXrioN, 306, is an echo of 278.
295. Monro points out that the proper 306. a'{ he is determined
k' 4:eeXHici, if
apodosis to 293-94 is 'yon wish to retire to have it so. Van Herwerden's conj. al
to the city.' This is rhetorically sup- K eXdrjiai is ingenious but not necessary.
pressed, and in its place we have 'do 308. Cf. N 486, where the change of
not make such foolish jiroposals.' mood is not found Syr. here has (p^poiro
;
299. erpHPopee, see on 67. K for (pepTjLCTL, and this is adopted by Nauck
300-02 are very obscure in thought and and von Christ, while Naber conj. (pepw/j-i
expression. The idea seems to be 'if for (pepoiix7}v. But the text is sufficiently
any one (i.e. Polydamas) is nervous about defended by passages like 11 648-51, 5
fighting far from the city, owing to the 692, M 156-57, and see H. G. § 275 h.
possession of wealth, let him make a The opt. cannot be used in a sense
present of it to the common store, instead derived from that of wish (as though =
of liauding it over to the Acliaians, which 'or else would I might gain it'), for the
would be the result of such suicidal coun- use of Ke is inconsistent with the wish.
sels as P.'s.' But this elaborate irony is The mood must be potential, it might '
'
not like Homeric simplicity and directness be that I should gain. The peculiarity
of thought the lines would suitably
;
of the passage is that the alternative
follow 288-92 above, but in another con- thus hesitatingly put is not that which is
text, viz. in a serious appeal to the Trojans most remote in the speaker's mind for ;
to surrender their jirivate wealth for the the whole speech, and especiall)' this part,
common good. Tlic thought in any case is confident even to boastfulness. It can
is one for an assembly in Troy, not for only be said that the alternative given by
a council of war in the open field. the opt. is logically thrown into the back-
301. KaraSHJuioBopMcai public food, /w ground because it is not the one necessary
lit. to consume in eating from the to the leading thought I will face him,:
'
common stock. Compare 8rifjioj36pos even in the expectation that he will win
'
/SatriXei;? A 231, of the king who does isfollovved by 'oron theotherhandlmight

nothing but feast at the public cost.
'
win only as a subordinate correction.
303. Polydamas' words (277) are sar- 309. TJie (jod of battle is impartial
lAIAAOC C (.will) 291
'
o)? EiKTcop ujopeu, eVt 8e Tpoid KeXuhrjcrav 310
vrjiTLOL- eK yap crcpewv (pp€va>i e'lXeTO IIaXXa<? Adj'jvr)'
"FjKTOpi fiev yap e7njivy]crai> kuku hijtlocjovti,
llouXvBd/jLaPTC 8' ap' ov Tt?, O'i iad\i]v <ppd^€TO /SovXt'/V.
hopiTov eireid^ e'lXopro Kara arparov avrdp 'Aâtoi

iravvvyiot, JYarpoKkov dvecneva'ôvTO yocovre'i. 315
Tolai Sk H.TjXeiBrj'i dSivov e^^jpx^ yuoio,
êlpaî eV uv8po(f)opov^ Oefxevo^ (ni]dea<TLv kraipov,

irvKva jxiiXa (XTei'dy^wv d)>> re Xi? yjuyeveioî,
0)1 6' vTTo aKV/xvov<; €Xa(f)rj/36Xoepo<i I'^z^t epevvo)v,
et TToOev iêvpoL' /xdXa yap 8pifMv<; ôA.09 alpel'
9peNac CHeXcTO Zeuc Syr.

311. 312. lnH(i)Nec(c)aN (supr. H' PR. 313. .1
"
5' ap' rdp (ant.
: oO ti Epaplirmlito.s, (I. 315. ciNacTeNdxoNTo (I Pap. t'.
roocoNTCC BocjNTGC PRS.
t,"
: 317. ciN9po96Nou ap. Did. 318. nuKNa :
noXXd Syr. Sned A't. Mtifj. 263. 27.

: 319. ou pa Harl. a 5"///-. dpndcci CLn.
321. &e t' xe P d' eri Lips.
: ONcpi Harl. a {supr. oc;
: \\
6Ncp' ^'r. A. :
and slays him that would slay, cf. yap drjXeiai KaWiffTOv ôvffi yivetov, oi
vLkti (ira/jLtiêrai dLvSpas Z 339. ktqn^- 5e &pa'€V(s x^-^''"'!"-

•''''' ^^ '"'tdrjXeias
'
ONTO may be a secondary present, like dpcrrjv yap ov (TKv/xvaywyel. rb bk \iaiva

eiTLTpairieivK 421, used in a desiderative veibrepov tvo/xa, Schol. A. See P 134.
sense. In Z 409 (where see note), S 481 Evidently H. uses Xiwv in a generic sense ' '
just as we use horse to inchuie mare

' '
it is clearly a future, and Cobet accord-
ingly would read KreviovTa here also ;

— or to speak more strictly, \iuv is the
but such a use of the fut. part, is very only word in his vocabulai'y for lion and
doubtful in H., see H. G. %% 63 note*, lioness, Xiaiva being a later formation.
244. The masc. form naturally calls for masc.
311. C9eciJN, rather cr0t (van L.) see ; gender in adjectives, even when the
Z 234, I 377 (note), T 137. female is specially referred to.
312. inHiNHCQN with dat. is very rare 319. â9H66Xoc, t/ 5i7rX^ on oiVwy
in later Greek {vixlv (TraivQ yXQacrav TOi)j Kvvqyoi'S KaTaxpilOTiKuis \e70i'(Tti' ol
eviprifio)' (pipuv, Aisch. Cho. 581).

The iroirjTai, An. ; jiassage shews
i.e. the
commoner use with the ace, however, that the word is not to be restricted to
is only found once in H., ixvdov ewaivri- a hunter of deer.
aavres B 335, while we have ou tol 320. licTcpoc, varepov tQv avapiraaav-
ivai.vioiJ.ev A 29
= 11 443, X 181), and the
; Tuv, Schol. T., i.e. too late.
dat. well suits the sense of the word, 321. cpeuNcoN, (pevwv Fick, after Ipeve
'
to assent to. The verb is most com- and iêpeveiv in Hesycli., to avoid the
monly used in H. absolutely, without contraction.

an object. 322. cseupoi is unusual, the aor.
316. ciQiNoO, vehement, see on 124, B iTTTjXde in a simile not being a historic
87. This line recurs several times in tense. There are however a few similar
the later books of the 11., cf. -^ 17-18. cases of the ojit. thus expressing a hope
317. Did. mentions an old variant after a present tn tov dvarrjvov oto/xai,
;
avSpo(f)6vov, but as ejnthetcm ornans of a el' TTodev iXdihv . .

Oeirj, v 224 (so /3
warrior the adj. is almost contined to 351 $ : 496
rather different as
is ei . .
Hector ;
and the jjathetic efl'ect when it iTTOTpvvfie follows an opt. of wish. The
is applied to Achilles' hands is too nearest case in Jl. is A 792 t/s old' et Kiv
beautiful to be lost. The idea is even OL . .
Ovfibv opivais ;). It is possible that
more touchingly expanded in 478-79. the constr. may have been affected by
318. Xic HureNEioc, ifxTreipois Trdvv at the use of et with opt. as an independent
ox? jSapu (TTevdxoiV fxeTecôivee MvpfiiSopeaatv

" oXcOV eTTO? €K/3a\0V y/jbUTL K€LVO)i,
ft) TTOTTOL, Tj p
îevotTi,ov ev /xeydpotaL' 325
Oapcrvvcov i^pcoa
(bfjv Si oi ek 'Oiroevra TrepLKXvTov vlov diraêiv
"Wiov eKirepaavra \a')(ovTd re \7]i8o^ alaav.
dXk' ov Zev'i dvSpeo-cn voyfiara Trdvra reXevrdi,-
dfiô) yap TveTTpwrai op.oirjv yaiav epevaai
avTOV ivl i-rrel ou8' ifie voaT)]aavra 330
TpoLTjo,
Seêrat ev [xeydpoLat yepwv iTrTrrjXdra Il7]\€v<;
ovSe Bert? fiyjrrjp,
dXX' avrov yala Kadeêi.
vvv S' lidrpoKKe, aev v(nepo<^ el/M virb jalav,
eVei ovv,
ov ae irplv Krepuo, irplv "EiKTOpo'i ivddS' ivecKai,
aelo <f)Ovi]o<i- 335
Tevyea koI Keâ\i']v, ixeyaBvjxov
BooBeKa 8e TrpoTrdpotde 7Tvprj<; d7roS€LpoTOfii]aco
Tpoooyv dy\ad reKva, aeOev KTUfievoLO )(ô\(odek.

r6<^pa he /xoi irapd vrjval Kopoyviai Kecaeai avTO}<i,
d/jb(f)l
8e ere TpMtal Kol AaphavLBe<i âOvKoXirot
KXavaovrac vvKrd'i re koI rffjiaTa BdKpv 'êouaai, 340
323. JUCT€9CONei A {yp. JuieTe9a)Nec) CQ Harl. a. 326. bi :

rdp R. 327.
T€ om. J 9e L.
: 329. 6jjioTaN U. epeiiceiN Harl. a dpeueeiN Ai.schines Tim
|!
:
§ 144. 330. NOCTi^coNTa P. 333. dX\' enei oun 9i\' exaTpe Aisch. ibid. 148. 1|
un6 : eni R. 334. npiN CKTopoc ST Vr. A npiN r' eKxopoc fi. ^neIkoo :
!|
PQR (S supr.) Bar. Harl. a, Aisch. ibid. 335. coTo P Harl. a cTo Pap. l {siqn: o). :
338. Keicerai P. ||
auTCOC : outojc ap. Did. and Eust.
form of wish. I.e. we may (as grarn- KacnyvriTOLo (povrjos irolv-qv, blood -money
marians) imagine the lioness saying et from the murderer of his brother. Bekker
irodtv (tevpoLfit, would I could find. and La R. read ffoto ;
but the change is
324. Hjmaxi KeiNOoi, apenuliaruse, asthe at least unnecessary, even if defensible,
day meant is left to be understood from
' '
as abs (povevs for thy murderer in the
the following context t!ie phrase is else-
;
objective sense is doubtful in H., while
where found only in the mouth of the poet fxeyaOv/xov is far more applicable to
himself, of the actual day of his narrative. Patroklos than to Hector in Achilles'
32t). Patroklos had left Opus with mouth. Moreover Goebel points out
Menoitios on account of a homicide (^ that the order of words (epithet poss. —
88); it would seem therefore that lianish- —
i)ronoun subst. ) is unexampled. The
ment for this cause was only temporary, casual mention of "EKxopoc xeuxea seems
being compounded after a time with to ignore the change of armour.
blood-moTiey. 3'36-37 = ^
22-23. The lines may be-
329. ^peOcai, cf A 394. Some scholars long equally to both places, as the latter
adopt the variant iptvaeiv, but the fut. is a confirmation of a
promise already
is not defensible. Cf Hcs. Th. 464 made (and fulfilled in 175-76). The ^
iriirpwTo oafxijuaL, Pindar (J. viii. 36 converse supposition is equally possible,
yu
TreTrpwix^vov . .
d/j-iruevcrai etc. The indie. viz. that the lines 336-42 were inserted
nenpcoxai docs not recur in H. ojaoiHN, here to prepare the way for an episode
same, as 120. invented by the author of ^. Cf. the
335. ccTo, obj. gen. after <poNHoc, Introd. to .
murderer of thee the noble-hearted ;
cf 12 338. aOxcoc, as thou art, without fune-
686 ado iiiroLva, ransom of thee, I 632 ral rites.
ras' avTol Kafio/xeada lSii](j)i

re hovpi re /xafcpojt,
TTieipwi iripdovTe TToXetf fxepoTrov uvOpcoirrov.''

o)"? elTTiov krdpoLcriv eK€K\eTO Blof A'îWev'i
dfi(f)l TTVpl (TTt](Tai rpiTToha p-e'^fav, o(f)pa ru-îara
Û'
UuTpoKXai' Xovaeiav cliro j3porov aifxaToevTa.
01 Se rpLTToS' icTracrav
eV TTvpl KrfKewi,
Xoerpoûov
iv B' vSwp e-)(€av, vtto Se ^v\a halov eXoz'Tes"-
ap'
deppbero h v6(op'
ydcTTprjv fxev rpL7rooo<; irup dficjieTre,
avrdp eVel 8?/ êacrev vhwp ii I

i^vottl -^ôKkmi,
Kol Tore 8i] Xouadi' re Kal ijXet.yp'av Xitt eXatcoi, 350
iv 8' CL>rec\d dXei(paro<; evvecopoio.

ev Xeyeeaai he 6evre<^ eavon Xiri KaXvy\rav
€9 TToSa? eK Ke(âX?]^, KaSvirepOe 8e (f)dpel XevKMi.
rravvv-yioL pev eireira iruhwi raj^yv dpcp A-îXtja
35c
AlvpfiiBove^ lldrpoKXov dve(rrevd)(ôvro yoMvre'i-
342. nepeoNTCC Syr. 344. nupfl Q. 345. naypoKXou Uarl. a supr. \\
anoBpoTou K. 346. ecTacas II le-) PijK. 347. exeoN \ r. tl ^xûqn GJQ :
(
tiiipr.): xûaN I'i^- unb 6n6 (,». 349. bk om. I'K. : CNi :
Liji-i. ^'^^[<.
^
In H Harl. a ^nl C. : o'lNoni n.
341. KaJLi6u€cea, the mid. aor. recurs Brugmann Gr. ii. g 17o, G. Meyer Gr.
only in t 130, also in the sense of wc^ûi?-- § 405, and compare iw-^/xap so also :
i7ir/ by labour,
di Ki acpiv vrjctov ivKTifxiv-qv read ewdpyinoi \ 312. The -e- is due
(KCL/xovTO. As aiiplied to slaves it implies only to the intiuence of the more
perhap-s that they are mere chattels. familiar iwia. -wpos from iopa, c&poj (see
Lex.), the same word as our year.
'
The act.
'
to make by labour
of course is
common enough in the act. (Kafxov. It Apparently oil improved bj' keeping,
is probable that this is the primitive and we are to understand that nine-year
sense of the word, the sense to grow
'
oil is the very best. The word recurs
weary,' which alone is found in classical also in k 19 {5wk€ 5^ n' ^vSeipas dffKbv
Greek, being secondary. It is curious /3o6s ivvewpoio), 390 (crtdXotcrtc eotAroroj
that modern Greek should have returned iyveujpoLcnv), \ 311 {evviupoi yap tol ye
to the original sense, k6.vui being = <o Kal (vveairrixees ^(7av), r 179 (MiVwj ev-
do ; ri Kaveis ; — Iww do you do ? The v^wpos /SacriXei'e Aids p.eyd\ov oapicn^s).
idea perhaps is that the enslaved women The last refers to the nine years' cycle
are set to do the work of professional or magmis annus of early Dorian
mourners 720) in a sort of triumphant
(f2 chronology (see Evans in /. H. S. xiv,
mockery. This, however, was not tlie 356 after Hoeck Krctai. 246 tf. ). From
view of the author of T 282 S. a ])assage — associations of this sort the word may
probably suggested by these lines. have grown into a round number
344 = X 443, ^
40, 6 434; 345
= ^ denoting full maturity (not however in
41 34tJ-48 = ^ 435-37.
:
X 311). Compare the 'ninety cities' of
347. P. Knight conj. ^xôv, to keep up Crete which come just before t 179 ;
the sequence of So also and for the ôCs of k 19, Hes. (Jp2J- 436
imperfects.
Cobet. j36e evfaerripu} . . tuiv yap ffdivos ovk
348. aju<pene, lit. clasped about, ein- dXawadvdi'. Any derivation from i'i[F)os,
braced, from the primitive sense of ?7rw, new, forbidden by the synizesis with
is
to handle. neglect of F, as well as by other

351. ^NNecopoio, ni7ic years old. We difficulties. Herondas viii. 5 calls long
shoulil probably read iwdipoio: evv- = nights vvKTes ewiwpoi, nint years (or
ivF- from *ivFa, for which form see Iwxirs ?) long.
re-
ZeL"? "Upi]v irpocreeLTre Kacri<yv7]T'}]V akoyôv
S'
" KoX eireiTa, irorvia "iipv>
€7rpi]â^ (BooiTrL^;
dvaT7]aaa TroSa? Ta^vv' tj pa vv aelo

'A'îX^'ja
e^ avTi}^ eyevovTO Kupr) KO/ji6o)VTe<; ""A-âiOi.

Tov 8' rifiei/Ser eireira /SocoTTi.'i TTorvia "^^pt)' 360
"
alvorare KpovlSi], irolov rov /xvOov eetTre? ;
Kul fiev h] TTOv Ti9 /jueWet /3poTo<; avBpl reXeaaai,
09 Trep dvriT6<; r earl koI ov rocra fiijBea olSe'
7rco9 Brj eycoy, y dedwv efi/xev dpiarr],
<f)r]/xL
dfKporepov, yeverji re koi ovveKa err) 7TapaK0iri<; 365
KeK\r}/xai, av Se irdcxi fi€T tldavdroiaiv dvdaaei^,

OVK Tpcoeaai KorecraafxevT] KaKO, pd^âi
6(})€\ov ;
ft)9 ToiavTa irpo^ dWi]\ov<; dyopevov

oi fiep
8' ^Kave Sofiov ©eTt9 dpyvpoireâ
'Hâio-Toy
ddavdroLcn, 370
dffidiTOV darepoevra, fieTaTrpeire
356. npoceeine : CKdXecce Pint. Mor. 736 f. 356-68. Zrjvddupos -mipaTaL

dirooeiKi'vvai ouffKevaff/j.ûoi' rovTov tov rbwov Sch. BT (Porph. ? See Schrader p. 434).
357. Bowni ACHT Pap. l. 360 om. Pap. t*. 361. êinac DR. 363. t' om.
AD3YK. 364. ercor' : crwN Zen. 367. pdij/ai :
pesai {sv'iyr. ^dij;ai) HU.
369. A9aicToio GS.
'
356-68. Tiy]v6buipo%irnpaTaLairo5eiKvvvaL ing 'also' in the sense of once more,'
Sif<TKeva(T/xhov (interpolated) tovtov tov an allusion to Hera's earlier offences.
rbirov, Sch. P>T. For the little that is Bobbnic as voc, 49. In both places
known of Zenodoros see Schrader Porph. good Mss. have poQ-m, but it can hardly
pp. 428 ff. In tliis case his judgment be supposed that the -t was long by
'
is pretty certainly right. In the first nature in the voc. as Wernicke's law
2)lace the passage clearly
alludes to the requires us to suppose that it was in the
suspected lines 168 and 181-86, and is nom. (App. N, § 18).
open to all the objections urged against 358. H pd Nu, ironical, surely the
them. Again, of the thirteen lines seven Achaians must be off'spri7ig of thine own.
appear in other parts of the poems 356 ; 362. u^XXei with aor. inf. is like to
= 11 49); 360-61 =A
'
432; (357, cf. have, i.e. in this case commonly does.'
551-52 363 = u 46; 365-66 = A 60-61
; ; Bpoxdc, a mere man. TeXeccai without an
=
368 E 274, etc. (the last being a object, like îrpriâs above, to trork his
familiar note of interpolation) while ; xoill. Bentley conj. ^ttos for ^poTds on
the six lines which are original contain the analogy of A 108, S 44, 543 ^ :
several curious expressions. The double Brandreth kotov, but this is not much
change of .scene is violent, and not in gain.
the Homeric style. The passage does 367. KQKd pdij/ai, cf. KaKoppacplri 16,
nothing whatever to advance the story ooXoi' v(palv€Lv etc.
or to give any fresh insight into the re- 370. dcxepoeNxa, probably adorned '
lations of 01yni])0s, and would certainly with star-like ornaments,' see on 11 134.
not be missed were omitted.
if it Such a method of decoration seems to
'
357. ^npHsac, you have accomplished have been employed in the great tomb
cf. A 562
'
your end, had your way ; at Mykene called the Treasure-house'
TTprjâi S' ^fiTTTji oil Ti dvvricreai. The verb of Atreus.' x6Xk€on perhaps alludes
is
only here used without an object. to the practice of coating the walls with
enciTQ, after all, but for Kai we should polished metal (see Helbig R. E. p. 100,
rather have e.xpected Sij as Bentley
conj. q 86, 5 73) though it may only be an
;
Kal may, however, be

explained as mean- instance of the common Homeric custom
lAlAAOC C (XVIII) 1)5
'^d\K€Ov, ov p avTos 'iroii](Taro KvX\o7roBio)i/.

Tov B evp' IBpcoovTa €Xi(Tcro/j.ei>ov Trepl (f)V(Ta^,
airevBovTa' TpiTro8a<; yap eecKoac iravra^; trevyev
•
icrrdfjiei'at ire pi to1ôi> evcrradeo'i /xeyupoio

vTTo KVK\a €KdcrTQ)t 7rv6/j,evi
^pv(T€a Bs a(f)^ dP/Kev, 375
6<}>pd ol avTOfiaroi Oelov Bvaatar dyowa

/;8' avri'i 7rpo<; Boifia veoiaro, 6avp.a IBecrdai.
01 B' i]Toi rocraov p,kv eôv TeXos^ ovara o' ov ttw
BaiBc'ikea irpoaeKeiro' rd p yprve, Koirre Be BecrfMov'^.
o(f>p^
6 ye ravT eTTovelro IBvirjiaL irpa'TriBecrcn, 380
ro^pd OL e77i5êi' rfkde dea (")eTt9 dpyvpoTreâ.

371. inoiHCQTO (,>. 373. rap r.,//. 1': ucn Pap. i
{siqir. [ra]p). 374.
cucTOGuea Vi. A. 376. ducaiax* AC eucaiaNT* Q
fr. AIosc. Par. h : ducâr' T : :
3uccoNTai PRU Par. j, Vr. b Sucontqi li, eV fiXXwt A

: tV rais etKaLorefai^ ecToN :
Kayo Qwjua NeoNxai ncointo T) Sell. A'r(n. 377. aueic C. 379. npoc-
eKciNTO ,1. Secjud liar. .Mor. 380. TaOra noNcTxo I'll (-cTt';. €iduiH(i)ci ClI'K:
cidciHici Lips. 381 om. A^DÛ Pap. i, Par. a: eV fiXXcjt Kal ovtos evptO-q,
airiaTpawTO 5i A. ||
fiXec oin. P : fie Lips.
of representing divine objects as of metal 374. cucxaeeoc juerdpoio is elsewhere

instead of meaner human materials ; as a purely Udyssean }ilirase (also ivcr.
the island of Aiolos is surrounded by a 6a\d/xov \j/ 178).
relxo^ X'^'^^^f"" (*'' 3), so the house of 37'k oi is, of course, 'dat. commodi.'
Hephaistos is built of solid bronze eeToN arcoNa the assembly of the gods, see
instead of mere stone. note on II Li:*-^, U 428. It is curious that
371. Ku\Xono9icoN, only here and T the un -
Homeric SvaovTon or dvaosvTai
270, 4> 331. It seems to be a liypocoristic should have invaded nearly all siss. It
or pet form of *KvK\oiros, little crook-foot, is
probably a reminiscence of H 298.
and means the same as afi<pvyvri€L% as The variant 6e7ov Kara 5d)/xa vioivro
explained on A 607. For the custom of either involves the omission of the next
giving nicknames from bodily defects line, or may be corrupt, and mean that
out of pure alfection Schulze {Q. E. p. Kara, was read for Trpos in 377. The
308) aptly compares Horace Sat. i. 3. automatically travelling tripods may be
43 ff. at pater xi-t gnati, sic nos debcmiis compared to the gold and silver dogs
amici Si quod sit vitium non fastidirc, made by Hephaistos which guarded the
etc., where Varas is a Roman parallel. palace of Alkinoos, -q 91-95, as well as
372. eXiccoueNON, turning backwards to the golden handmaids below, 418.
and forwards, i.e. husji, cf. versari. The very spai-ing use made of such marvels
cXicc. is the chief ]iredicate, to which even in Olympos is noteworthv.
idpcooNTQ is subordinate, while cneii- 378. t6ccon Jui^N, cf. X 322, 454, ^
doNTQ is explanatory of both. and on A 130 '
they were so far fiiushed,

;
'
373. For the tripods with wlieels see but the handles were not affixed is a
Helbig H. E. \^\x IDS (n. 13), 347, and slight anacoluthon as easily intelligible
compare the rdXapos vw6kvk\o% of Helen, in English as in Greek. Secuouc, rivets
5 131. The wheels are found in ancient .elsewhere in the general sense bond ').
'
Phoenician monuments ; cf. also 1 Kings The oldest Greek bronze tripods found at
vii. 27-38 every base had four bra:cn Olympia are thus fastened the welding :
tcheels. The tripods are perhaps meant of bronze w-is a comparatively late dis-
to carry trays and serve
as tables at the covery, ouaxa, handles, 'lugs,' as A 632.
feasts of tlie the fi^yapov and dil-pia
gods ;
381. This line is omitted by sudi
(377) are those of Hephaistos. nuejuHN respectable authorities that it must
is here = êy (cf. the use of the word in needs be suspected. It is not absolntely
A 635 and see App. E), he put golden necessary, and may have been inter-
wheels (one) under each leg. j)olated to supply the usual T6<ppa after
Tr]v Be iSe irpofioXovaa Xdpi^ \iirapoKpi]Beîvo<^

KoXi], T7)v oiTTVie irepiKkvTO'i dficfuyuijeL^-
ev T 01 erro^ r €(f)aT €K t oiwfxaê-
dpa (f)V Xîpi,
"
TLTTTe, ^-)eri TavvTreirXe, Udvei^ rjfMerepov
8m 38&
alhoiri re (f)i\v
re ; ircipo^ ye fxev ov n 6ap,i^€i<;.
a)OC eireo irporepw, ha rot irap êlvia Oeiw.''

ft)9 dpa (f)0)V7]<7acra Trpoao) dye Sia dedcov.
T)]v fxev eirena KaOelcrev e-rrl
Opovov dpyvporfkov
KaXov SaidaXeov viro he iroa-lv rjev 390
6pi]vvi
Ke/cXero 8' elire re fivOov
"H(f)aLaTOP KXvroTe-xyfjv
vv ti aeio 'xâriêir
""Hâto-re, 7rp6/xo\' o)Se- ©exi?
ri-jv S' rj/JbeiêT eTrena 7repiK\vT0<i d/i^t'yvi]ei<;-
" re Kal alhoLTj 6e6^ evhov,
rj pd vv ixoL Seivy
IX eadwa ,
ore fi d\jo<i d<pLKero rf]Xe ireaovra 395
1]
/xrjrpo^ e/if/? lorrjri kvvcottiSo^;, ij jjl eOeXrjae
Kpv-âi ywXov eovra' tot dv irdOov dXyea dv/xcbi,
385. TONunenXoc Zen. eexic TONunenXe Bar. Mor. (eeri* Harl. a) Harl. b.
eerie : ||
HuieTepoN 387. napd J PR.

&fe Zen. 388. <pcoNHcac' ArHCaxo S. 389.
KaeHce(N) CIM), 392. ceo QR coTo P. 394. Te re Pap. t^. 396. : :
KUNconiboc yp. 6oconi3oc T.: ee^XecKc G. 397. aN yp. Qp U^ Eust. ['

:
6<ppa. If the line originally

belonged to For the favourite conjunction of aiSoToc
this place there is nothing to explain and 9iXoc cf. K 114, S 210, etc. and ;
its omission. There appears to be no for ndpoc with the present A 553. With
other case of 8<ppa, in the purely tem- npoT^pco we may perhaps compare the
Italian Avanti != come in.'
'
poral sense, succeeded by 5e in cqjodosi ;
the only cases in the U. where it is 392. d)9e, in spite of Ar. 's
hither,
not answered by rbcppa seem to be 61, arbitrary canon that it means only thvs
442, E 788, I 352. But the use follows in H. He explained it here outws us
immediately from the original parataxis ; ^X^'S) ovdev inrepdefievos (An.), cf. p 447
cf. O .047 '6(f)pa. fikv {for a time) . .
avrap arrjd' ovtus es fiecaov. But this would
iirei. never be seriously maintained except for
382. Xdpic is made wife of Hephaistos the sake of a theory. See on K 537,
by a more transparent allegory than we M
346, and the discussions in Lehrs Ar. \
find elsewhere in H. ;
otl ttjl rix^^î ttjv 70, 379, Bekker //. B. ii. 38. Plato,
Xo-P^v irpoaeivai Schol. A. In d 266-
del, when about to burn his poems (see on
366 Hejjh. is wedded to Aphrodite, whose P 263), is said to have apostrophized
attendants an; the Xdptres but that ; the fire, '"^(pauTTe, wpb/j-ok' cD5e lYKdrdov •
passage is later and un- Horn eric. Xinapo- vv Ti aeio XttTifet.

KpHSeixNOC, .see App. G, § 11. 395. For the legends of casting out
385. Zen. 's Berts ravvireirXos, of heaven see on S 249, 18-24 and
though ;
approved by Cobet {M. 0. 333), is need- A 590-94 with the same application to
less here, as the short t of the voc.
Hephaistos, though the details are dif-
has the ictus (see on 357), and the hiatus ferent. Hephaistos and his mother are
in the caesura is common.
Au^repoN generally re]iresented as close allies.
3(2), .see A 426 and note Zen.'s ijfie- 397. tot' on to get rid of the 6.v
:
Tepovoe (as we now accent it). Brandreth conj. tot' Up (with Eust.) or
386-87 = e 88 [91] so 425-27 = 6 88-90. ; TO Kev, van L. ij Kev.
\
lAIAAOC C (xviii) 29'
€t /Li?; yu. Fjvpvi'o/x7) re Cêr/? 6 vTreSeâro kuXttoh,

I^vpvvu/JLT] 6vyaT7]p ayjroppoov D.Kea}'OLO.
Trjiai Trap' elvdere^; ^ciX/cevoi' BalSaXa ttoWci, 400
irupirai; re yva/jLTrra^ 6' e\iKapo)ipopfxvpwv peev aairero'^' ovSe rt? aWo<;

-îbeev ovTe Oecov ovre OvrjTcov avdpoiirwv,
oKka ©ert? re kul \Lvpvvo/xy] laav, a'l pe adoicrav. 40i
rj vvv r)p,€T€pov Sopov 'iKei- ro) pe pi'ika XP^^

iravra ©eri Ka\Xi7r\oKdp,o)i ^codypia rivew.
398. re om. L. ||
e' om. T^ : h' A. {s^qjr. e') Q. 399. Baeuppoou .1. 400.
noWa : noNTa Zen. Aph. Bar. Hail, b, Par. d g. 401. nopnac re :
nopnaKQC I'K :
nopnac LS. ||
PNanrdc T. t' fe'KiKac D. 402. Qeppooc C.
403 niii. D'. 404. HaeccN J :
yp. HideiN l)i 1. 405. Te vm. PQU. ecoN (..IR:
HCQN S, 7p. U^ 406. Hicci LII.S. y^pei^tn C :
y^pk.1 Hail, a, Eust. Y^paio : RU

{^supv. XP^'Q)) ^ f- -A. 407. eexiN D : etrxdx i\ TciNeiN A
Pap. i, Bar.
398. For the singular uneSesaxo witli whether he had any clear idea of their
two .subjects comjiare A 'Im ?) k(v ~,t)6-i]- sense is doubtful, and it is rash to base
aai Ilpta/xos llpi.dfxoi6 re TratSes, where the arguments on that passage. Helbig ex-
constr. is less harsh, as the verb pre- plains eXiKcc by some brooches of a very
cedes the nominatives. Kiihner ii. p. 70. ancient type found in Greece, Italy, and
399. The epaiialepsis of the former of Central Europe, and formed of two sjiirals.
two names is very unusual. It might be (See the illustrations in //. E. pp. 279-82.)
accounted for on the ground that Thetis Tliis however makes them only another
does not require explanation but prob- ; kind of ndp-n-ai, which is not probable.
ably P. Knight is right in expelling the We can only say that they are spirals :
line as a mere gloss. a\]iopp6ov recurs this form is so common in early ornament
onlj' 65 in the sami' connexion.
in I' that we cannot specify more closely.
The ancients explained liowing back '
\'ery likely they were bracelets. Note

into himself,' because he surrounds the tliat the F of ffXuas is neglected. Of
earth in a circle. Others have preferred the KoXuKcc it can only be said that
to see in it a vague rumour of the re- '
they were bud-like ornaments. It is

'
fluent tide. very natural to give the name to the

400. xaî^ûoN, a violation of Wer- '
gold rosettes found so abundantly in

'
nicke's liiw. It is also one of the i'ew ilykenaean graves, anil used apparently
exceptions to the rule against the for fastening on to dresses as ornaments
molossus in this place. See A pp. N, § 17. (see Schuchh. p. 202) but comparison
;
Nauck SaioaXa /j.i/j.i>ov, which

x^'^'^^'^'^" with ilykene must be used cautioush'
does not meet the second objection. when we are dealing with women's dress.
eiNdcTec, for a nine years' cycle, see note The opjuoi were of course necklaces.
on 351. 402. cnflV, a false form for (rnfu which
401. Tlie nopnai are iiroi)ably the can always be restoreii and so crWeos ;
same as irepbvai (see App. G, 9), fibulae, for aireiovs. The only authority for the
brooches or buckles cf. Eur. Ecc. 1170, ; longer stem is e 194 tô;' 5^ ffireios
Phoen. 62, where the pin is used for yXa<pvp6v, perhaps a corruption of lôv
putting out eyes. For the rest of the 8k cTTTfoj es 7\. (Nauck).
line cf. Hym. Ven. 86-89 TreirXov fxh yap 405. YcQN, kncv\ only here in II. (three
êcTO (paeivoTepov nvpos ai'ry^j, (Ix^ 5' times in O"'. ~i.
eTnyvafiTTTCLS 'iXiKas KaXuKat re (paeivds. 407. zcodrpia, the. price of viij life, cf.
opfiol 8' dfxip' aTraXrji deipî. vepiKaXXees 462 (Nau.sikaa to Odysseus) fivrjcrrji e/xei',
fiffav, KaXol, xp'JCfi-oi; va/J-TrolKiXoL (cf. ibid. OTi TTpuTrji ûidypC <50e\\fts.
/J.01
The
162 ff.). No
doubt the author of the word (wliich is used in these two passages
Hymn took his words from this passage ; only in H.) evidently siguitied in the
aXXa <7V fiev vvv o'l

irapuOe'i êivifia KoXa,
o(f>p^
CIV iyo) (f)V(Ta<i uTrodelofxai oirXd re iravra.
KoX air 410
rj dK/xoderoio TreXwp airjrov dvecrrri
ywXevcov' vtto Be Kvrjât pooovro apatai.
^vaa'i jxev p dirdvevOe ridet nrvpo'^, oirXd re irdvTa
€9 avWeâro, Toi<i iirovelro'
XdpvaK dpjupei]v
aTToyycoi, S'
dp,cf)l rrpoawTra
koX dficpo) %6t/3' airofxop'yvv
re Koi arijdea \a'^vi]evTa' 415
av-êva (7Ti/3apbv
hi) he eXe Se aKYjirrpov he dvpaê
yirwv , 'iTa-)(y, /Si}
ywXevoiv vtto h d/ji(f)i7roXoc pcoovro dvaKTi

ve)]vccnv ecoLKvlac.
^pvaeiai, ^coijiai
rP]C<i iv fiev v6o<; earl fxerd <^peaiv, ev he koI avhi]

Kol <Tdevo<i, ddavdrwv he 0eo)U citto epya Icraaiv. 420
ai fxev vTraida dvaKTO<; eTroLTrvvov avrdp

o eppwv
ttXtjctiov, ev6a ("êrL'i Trep, eVl Opovov llê (f)aetvov,

ev r dpa ol (f)v %6t/>t, eTro? r ecpar e/c t ovofMUê'
408. sunhTq JQ Harl. a. 410-12 o/n. Q. 410. Qnhton R (7^. qThton).

411. pcboNxai R. 414. npocconoN Bar. Vr. A. ||
KaJ : ib' Bar. ||
dneu6prNU
ACT PS fr. JIosc. 418. eoiKuTai DGHPQTU : eeiKuTai J. 419. tui Pap.
cctIn cni Vr. b. 421. noinNUON H.
first instance the price paid to a warrior Brandreth {verivLdfaiv P. Knight, which
who took a prisoner alive instead of slay- will not do). If we condone the -ol- on
ing him, see Z 46 'g^hypu, 'Arpôs vU, ai the analogy of eldvla(P 5), we can
0' a^La o^âL awoiva. The use in these compare eiXrjXovOws r 28, which Schulze
two places is clearly a playful extension not very satisfactorily attributes to
of the word, but fixed the sense for later metrical necessity (?) in an antispastic(?)
Greek cf. Herod, iii. 36, and the mean-
; word see vol. i. App. D, a2 and p. 597.
;
'
ing oH'erings to the gods for recovery The animated handmaidens of gold are
from sickness' in Anthol., etc. ©exi, a relic of the tradition which everywhere
Nauck 6(0.1, the contracted -I for -a being attributes magical powers to the mythical
doubtful. Ace. to van L. {Ench. p. 224) founders of metallurgy, e.g. the Telchines
the only other places where this -i cannot of Rhodes, the Daktyloi and the bronze
be thus resolved are Z 335, 11 661, 891, ^ man Talos of Crete, the Weyland Smith of
141, 706, and five in Od. l^>rugmann Teutonic mythology, etc. Thus Pindar
however {Gr. ii. p. 602) regards the -I as says of the Telchines in 0. vii. 52 ^pya
the ])rimitive instrumental -i, used from Se d' KeXevffoi.
^woiaLV ipirovTiacri 6/J.oia
early times as a dative. (pipov. The only analogy in H. is to
410. aYHTON, a word of unknown be found in the gold and silver dogs
meaning found only here in Greek. It (sphinxes?) which Hephaistos made,
is
apparently connected with the equally adavaTovs ovras Kal ayqpws fjixara navra,
enigmatic &t)tov * 395 q.v. neXoop too to guard the palace of Alkinoos (7; 91) ;
is an odd word to be to the xpiVetot KoOpoL evdfirjTuv iirl j3u)/j.ujv

aîplied
Hepliaistos. (t) 100) are to be regarded as statues
411. xwXeucoN after TrtXwp, the usual See on
(Helbig H. E. 390-92),
constr. ad scasum. pcooNTO, see A 50 •
376.
Apaiai, E 425. 421. OTL eppuN 01}
ipiXQs iropevSfievos,
418. doiKuTai, a
very doubtful form dXXd xco\6T7;Ta (pdeLpdfxevos, Aris-
5td T7]i'
for tlie correct See on G 239.
FeFiKviai, which occurs ton.
everywhere else in H. The best remedy 423-25, see on 384-86 ; 426-27 =3
is to write vfrjvLaatv FeFiKviat with 195-96.
"
TiTTTt", ^)eT< TavvTreirXe, [kup€i<; rifiirepov 8o)
alBoii) T€ (f)L\7)
re ;
T7apo<; ye fxkv ov ri Oafiiêif;. 425
avSa o Ti (^poveei^' TeXeaat Be /xe 0u/j.o<i civcoyeu,
el hvvafxai reXeaac ye kuI el reTeXecrfievov ecrrt,.
TOP 8' 7]fMeil3eT eireiTa (")eTK Kara huKpv -êovcra-

*''\$f)aiar\ ?] cipa Bt] ti<;, oaai deal ela ev $\vfi7ro}i,
TocradB^ ivl ^pecrlv r]Lcnv dvea-êro Ki'jBea \vypu, 430
oVcr' e/ioi e/c Traaetov
KpovLBrj<; 7ieu<; ciXye^ eBwKev ;
eV p,ev jx dWcioiv a\id(ov dvBpl Bd/xaacrev,

\laK[8i]i Il7]\y]i, Kal erXijp dvepo<i euvrjv
TToWd fidX' ovK edeXovaa' 6 fxev Bj) yt']pa'i Xvypon
Kelrat evl jxeydpoL^; dprifjLevo<i, dXXa Be fioc vvv 435
vlov eirel p.oi Bo)Ke yeveadal re Tpacfye/xev re,
eôôv ypcofov 6 B' dveBpajxev epve'i iao<;'
Tov fxev eycb dpeylraaa (^vrov ws" yovv6)t dXcorj^

'
PT]valv eTTLirpoei^Ka KopwvicrLV \Xlov eiaoi
Tpcoal iia'^rjaoiievov, tov B ou^ v7roBeô/xac avra 440

otKaBe voaTijcravra Bofiov Tl7]X)')ioi> el'crco.
6(f)pa Be fxoi ^coei Kal opdc <^do<i iêXcoio,
424. eîc Vr.

Par. f. A
eerie TONunenXoc . . AuêpoN bk Zen.
||
426.
iiNcbrei Q Harl. b (supr. cn), Par. c d g, fj' dWuii A.
Bar. I\Ior. 427 om. H''U
Pap. 1, Syr. ecrai I»'. 429. fi: hS" TI. 430. Tocca J. ciNexero G.
431. nacdcoN PK. esHiceN PK. 432. dXicoN CJ.
^
435. eNiJuuuerdpoic 11 Pap. (.
440. aueic C Mor. Bar. 441 orn. U Pap. i, iv tktiv ov KeiTai, Scfe. A. 442.
zw(i)h(i) CJT.
429. This speech of Thetis has given only omission, not mis-statement. The
rise to serious critical doubts.Ar. athe- whole speech may well have been com-
tized 444-56, like A 366 fF,, on the ])osed for this place from the first.
—
ground that the recapitulation is out of There is a certain dry humour in Schol.
place, and tliat the sending of Patroklos T on 429 eiJ.i,urj<raTo rjdos O-riXeLwu, ov
;
did not result from the eniba.ssy, as irepl Jjv ripiJ>TriTaL airoKpivofiivri, dWd irfpl
seems to be implied in 4.^1. To a modern Cov iXvireiTo.
critic the mention of the Presbeia is in 434. noX.X6 udV seems to go with ovk
itself evidence of late origin. To this eOiXovaa, as in ttoW d^Kuv.
may be added that a large part of the 435. apHueNoc, worn out, weary, with
speech is simply repeated from other which Sehulze {Q. E. 460) would connect
places; 437-43
= 56-62; 444-45 = 11 56, it etymologically, writing Fap-rifj^vos :
58 456 = T 414 457 =7 92, 5 322 and

; ; ; note on K 98. The word is elsewhere
cf.
compare 448 with I 574, 449 with I 121, purely Odyssean the only place in
:
515. There are several phrases which wliich this sense is not quite suitable is
are common in the Od. but do not recur i 403 riTrre t6(tov, no\v(f)7]p.\ dp-npiivos
in the Iliad, see 435, 457. But this w5e ^6rjffas ; where we might have ex-
proves only that the passage is late, not (lected a rather stronger word. ti\Xa
that it is later than the context. The hi uoi nun, we must it seems supply
whole of the 6ir\oTroua may be as late as dXye' IduKev or ?(ttlv from 431.
the Presbeia and though the reference
; 436. Tpa(peueN intrans. see on B 661. ,
in 450-51 does not give the whole course The enei is virtually redundant {Jirst) as
of events, it is near enough there is — in 55.
ayvvrai, ouBe ri ol Siiva/aai '^paicr/jirj(rat

tovaa.
apa ol 'yepa<; eêXov i;Ie9 Aâicov,

Kovprjv i)v
'
€K yeipoiv eXero Kpeiwv Ay afii/ivcov. 445

T)]v a'\jr
i^roL 6 rf)^ d-êcov (f)peva<; ecpdiev avrap Aâtoi/?

iirl eelXeov, ouBe dvpaê
Tpcoe? TrpvfMvijtcriv
eicov i^tevai. rov Be Xtacrovro yepovTe<i
Âpyeicov, koX TroXka irepLKXvra Bcop^ ovofxaôi'-

evd^ avro<i fiev eireir rjpaivero Xoljov a[xvvaL, 450
avrap 6 HdrpoKXov irepl p,ev rd d rev-êa eaae,

ireixTre Be pnv iroXeixovBe, iroXvv B dfjua Xaov oiraacre.
Trdv B Tjfjbap fidpvavro SKaiSjiat TrvXTjcac ire pi
Kai vv Kev avrPjfiap ttoXlv eirpaOov, el yu,?; AiroXXwv

TToXXd KaKa peâvra Mevoiriov aXKipbov vlov 455
cKTav Trpofid-ôKTi Kal "^KTOpi KvBo'i eBcoKe.
evl
TOVveKa vvv rd ad yovvad iKavo/jiai,, at k ideXrjtcrda

vl ifiMi MKVfiopwc Bofiev uaTTiBa Kai rpv(f)dXecav
444-56 ad. At. (the obelos is prefixed in T ;

aiul in U to 444-61). 444,
KoijpHN 9' Hail. a. 446. 6 om. C. 450. ONaiNCTO Q
ANH(i)NaTO : DS ;
HNaiNQTO (1 : HNHiNCTO U. axxa 5'

452. d' : b re S Bar. Mor. Harl. a ê : oi C.
453. judpNaro GR. 455. pezoNxa H^ pesoNxa H-.

: 458. uT' €Ucbl GS ;
uli euw II : uieT cjucoi Vr. b A: uTi eu' J : uteT 'ixx' {in') fi. i|
Sojaewai PR.
446. e9ei€N, a form which is found otherwise in a hexameter (Schulze Q. E.

here only. It is not clear whether it is -t- stands
p. 358), or if a pres. because the
aor. or imperf., trans, or intrans. It for -ty- and is therefore primarily long
may come from a pres. 4>dtu related to though capable of being shortened [H. G.
(pdivb) as rtw to rivw or it may be an :
% 51. 1 van L. would read (pOleai).
:
aor., cf. ^TTiov by nivw. The former seems Blass very ingeniously conj. ecrdiev, which
the more probable the imperf. gives ; would solve all difficulties, but has no
support whatever in tradition (see O
the better sense, and the aor. though
very common always has mid. or pass. 129).
terminations : e<pdLTO would of course 453. nSN Huap is here open to the
have been quite possible here. On the same objection as P 384 ;
Travrifiepiois in
same grounds eipduv is probably trans., the fighting at the Skaian gates was
with 9peNac as direct object, like all ' '
neither all day long nor for all the rest
'
the other active forms of (pdivoi, of the day the latter would
'
except (A 472) ;
when used of the passing of time {(pdi-

ignore all the long fight over Patroklos,
vovTos fxijvos ^ 162, etc., /xrjde rot alwu But this
extending to the Greek camp.
and others
place where we need expect
(pdiviru} € 160, ;
all in the is not the
Od.). Some doubt, however, is intro- the accuracy of a chronicler.
duced by the closely analogous use of 457. t6 c6 rouNae* iKaNouai, an
(pdivvdw, as we have (pdivvdovai vapeLai
Odyssean phrase (7 92, 5 322 cf. e 449, ;
530 by the side of alQua (f>divv0w a

204, r,147, V 231).
and ol' fiev (pOivvOovai cpiXov KTJp k 485. 458. Ar. read viet €/j.ihKVfi6pwi, which is
Compare the equally ambiguous A 491 expressed by the ^/j.' (ifji.') uKVfiopui of
(pdiuvdeiTKe
(piXov K^p, to which this most Ms.s. Such a crasis is without a
passage of course refers. The form parallel in H., unless it be in Ar.'s
(p 368) is certainly intrans. ; it
reading ll-nXeloijeeX, A 277. There is
(peirjis
has I either from metrical no reason why we should not accept
necessity, if
aor., for it
obviously could not stand the reading uT' ixxioi which may have —
lAIAAOC C (will) :',(il
Kul KaXa.'^ Ki'7]fx28a<;, e7ria(f>vploi<; apapvia<^,

Koi 6u>priY '
yap yi> ol, airioXecye iriaru^; eTuipo'i 460

'
Tpwal da/j.eU. o 6e Kelrat eirl

'Ôovl Ov/jLov a-^êvwv.
Ti^v 8' 7jp.eLêT eTreira 7r€piK\vTo9 ol rev-êa KoXa Trapeaaerai, old rt? ai/Te

'
dvdpMTTwv TToXecov Oav/xdaaerai, os" fcev iBijTai.
CO? eiTTcov T7]v /xev XiTrev avrov, /3ij S' eVl (fyvcra'i,
Ta<; B' €9 TTvp erpe-ê KeXevae re epydlêcrOac.

(f)vaaL
S' eV •ôdvoiaiv ieiKoac Trucrat i^vcroiv, 470
iravTOLT^v evirpi-jarov dvrpijv iâvtelaai,

aWoT€ fiev crirevBovTi irapep^pbevai, aXkore 8' avre,
459 om. Pap. t'. 460. 8: rives 'd Sell. T. 463. TOI : ti D.TP: ti toi CT
Lips. Vr. A. II
UH ti TOiaOra Q. 464. uiN : juoi K Mor. 465. iKcJNei (U'^'K
Ykong Lips. 466. napeccexai :
napenouai Zen. Ajih. 468. thn :
Syr. :
t6c fr. Mosc. 469. ec : eni H. ecrpeijye 1' Vr. d. TC bk PRU. 471.
!l :
Tivis eOnpHKTON Did.
been changed to avoid the comparatively 466. napecccrai. Trap^ô/icat Zen. A]>h.,
rare elision of the -i —
unless it be thought a more regular expression of the thought,
better to adopt Bentley's vU /xev or hut not therefore necessarily to be pre-
Nauck's vU HOI. See note on 144. ferred. The indefinite tic here, as
' '
460. The way in which the dwprj^ is elsewhere, connotes the idea of many
added to the rest of the jianoply (e.g. II 629 the origin of this sense
;
'
obviously suggests an afterthought. \Ve maybe seen in the ns of public opinion,'

can hardly e.xjjunge 460-61 altogether. cf. B "271 where = ^ TrXridvs of 278).
Tts
for we expect Thetis to state exidicitly The addition of noXccoN seems to be a

that the armour has been lost but the ; slight logical iiiegularity, though the
beginning of the line may easily have intention is evidently to emphasize the
been altered from vvv yap revxea KaXd Tts ; in other words, we should rather
or the like. o! is obviously in the have expected ttoWoI rives dvdpuirujv.
wrong position after the verb (for 6 yap Hut the required emphasis is given after
FoL iji'). As the text stands we might all by the sentence as we have it, as
well adopt the variant a for 6, referring will be felt if we translate 'many a one
the rel. to Tevxea, implied in what of the many men there be.'
precedes, and not to the breastplate 469. The bellows, like the tripods,
only. are intelligent automata, obeying the
464. This the not uncommon for-
is
god's will.
mula where the certainty of one event
470. xo"^NOiciN, crucibles, also in Hes.
is attirmed by contrasting it with the
Th. 863.
impossibility of another
he shall :
'
well-putfed,' see A
'
have his armour as surely as I cannot 471. eJinpHCTON,

save him from death,' the latter clause 481. naNToiHN, of every degree of
force.
taking the form of a wish and being '
aXXoTe auTC
put first. iKdNOi is attracted by the
'
472. 9' is virtually equi-
i.e. the event, though valent to 'and vice versa,' aiTe, on the
preceding opt. ;
certain, is included by the speaker in contrary, sufficiently summarizing the

the same category of pure imagination opposite of the preceding clause. The
'
as the wish with which it is connected. sense thus is so as to he at his service

OTTTTW? "H<f)at<TT6<; T iOeXot koI epyov avvro.

voXkov B' ev TTvpl îiWev dreipea Kaao-Lrepov re
KP.l
-x^pvaov Tcp,i]vra
kol dpyvpov avrap eTvecra 475
6))Kev iv uK/ModeTWi fxejav aKfMova, yevro Se x^tpl

Be yevro Trvpdjprjv.
pai(TTrjpa Kparepov, eTepi](j)i
TToUi Be TTpcoTiara aa.KO'i fMeya re ari/Bapov re
irdvrocre BacBdWwv, irepl B' dvrvya jSdWe (fiaeivrjv
e'/c S'
dpyvpeov reXafiMva. 480
rpirrXaKa fiapfiaperjv,
473. t' : r' DGS Hail. a. |1

t' ceeXei Vr. b : re e^Xei Q. |1
epr' 6nuoito Cram.
QNUTO U- Cant. Bar. Zt/js. fr. Mosc. qnoito fi. 475. TiuHCNTa H
Fp. 16. 30.
: :
II
TiJUHaNTQ Pap. i\ 476. €N : en' (A supr.) CS Bar. Mor. and ap. Eust. 477.
KparepON Zen. (A supr.) CDGHJT Par. j: KpaxepHN fi. 478. uera re;
juera 1'. 480 om. UK Ik : ^n HPR Mor. Vr. A.
\\
when he was working hard, and to cease 476. r^NTO, see on 6 43.
when he did not need it (the avr/xr)).' 477. KpaTep6N, so Zen. Kparep-qv Ax. ;
There is another case of this use in H., But a fem. in -tj/j seems to be quite
X 303 ol (Kastor and Polydeukes) aXXoxe without parallel {rvxri crwrrjp Soph.
. .
(/.ev iîvovcr' €T€prjfJ.epoL dWore d' avre, 0. T. 80-81 is naturally different) the ;
they live alternate days, and vice versa,' lengthening of the short syllable, though
'
i.e. die alternate days. (In this case common enough in this place, may have
the usage has been obscured by the caused the change, paicmjp is used in
interpolation of 304, which entirely is Aisch. P. V. 56 of the hammer of
in contradiction with the rest of the Hephaistos, but without indication of
passage see Bekker
;
ZT. B. ii. 37, J. P.
gender.
xii. 287.) A similar case, but with the 478. For a general discussion of the
verb of the second clause expressed, is shield see Apy). I.
5 102 fiXXore /xev re jocol (ppeva Tepnofiat, 479. ndiNToce, carrying the adorn-
&\\oTe 5' afire Travo/mai.. Compare also ment all over the surface.
S 159, ii 10. 480. The meaning of the triple Hntus
The optatives Lijschcke (v. Helbig H. E.
'
473. are potential, ac- is not clear.
cording as H. might wish, and the work 385-86) takes it to mean tri2)le ivoven,
be drawing to completion.' onuto has and explains it by an ornament found on
good authority it is the regular opt. of
;
the margins of many of the most ancient
&VV/XI, of which the imperf. pass, tjwto Greek shields, consisting of an imitation
is found in e 243. The majority of Mss. plaited work of three strands. It is,
give dvoiTo, but dverai, K 251, has d, however, more likely that dvTvt, means
])robably because &viij
= dvFu as (pdivw = an actual part of the shield than a mere
(jidivFw (cf. (pdivv-dw). Besides, a rare ornament on the surfiice, and Tp'nrXa.^ is
form like dwro is not likely to have probably not derived from trXeKw, but is
been wrongly invented it might indeed ; only a secondary form of rpLTrXos (cf.
be due to itacism, but that will be ipijBQXa^ by ipiliwXos). So diirXa^ of fat
equally true of avotro. 4^ 243, though r 126 jjîyav larbv ijcpaive
475. TiUHNxa, a most suspicious con- 8iir\aKa might be claimed for the other
traction, see on I 605. Various attempts side. Perhaps three out of the five
have been made to remove it by conjec- layers of hide were turned up so as to
ture (see Mcnrad, 84-88) the only one ; form a rim, the full thickness not being
which has any jilausibility is Payne needed at this part, or the rim may liave
Knight's xp^'^^" Tifx-fievra, where the been formed by three flat metal bands
asyndeton is certainly harsh in a list laid one upon the other. See note on
like this. It seems that we must Z 117. With the apriipeoc reXaucoN
accept
compare the xpt/creot dopTijpe's of A
the contraction here as in I, and attribute
it to the lateness of both books. 31.
lAIAAOC C (xviii) SOU
irivTe 8 ap" ainov taau craKeo'i TTTL'ê?" avrap iv avrox

TTOiei SaiSaXa ttoWo, iSvLijiai it pair the a cnv.
ei> fxev yatav eVeu^', eV 8'
ovpavov, eu Se ddXacraar,
rjeXiov t' uKd/xavra aeXijvrjv re TrX/jdovaav,
iv 8e TCI reipea irdVTa, rd r ovpavo<; eaT^cfxifwrai, -185
TlX7]idBa<; "Tdha<; re tu re adevo'i ilpicovo'^
481. In: in' JT, yp. U=*. 482. n6XX* P Syr. I! ciauiHici (
>yi. Vr. A.
483. 'A-rjuoSoTos i)BiTr)Ke to. Xoiird (to 608? see A]>y. I. § 11 . reOi' Vr. t> A.
485. he Ta : hi re P Harl. -i.
oupaNbN ecreqxiNCOKe Ar. (?): oOpaNON ^cTHpiKTai
(êcTHpiKH Jis.) Zeii. 486. uiddac I'U.
481. It seeni-s iiecessiuy to take auxoO, Thco(j. 382. Zen. read ecrrripiKTai, and
on of its combination witli
account ace. to Schol. A Ar. liad ((XTt<pdi>uK€,
ffdKtos, in a different sense from aCnCHi, but this is hardly credible. The marked
alliteration with r only shews how rash
'
the former meaning tlie shield itsrlf,'
i.e. the body as opposed to the surface, it is to assume that any particular
wliile the latter is used in the weak elfect is intended in any case by such a
anaphoric sense 'in it.' That nriixec phenomenon here it is clearly accidental,
;
= layers of hide is clear from H 247 486. These lines, with the almost
compared with 220. identical e 272-75, where Bootes is
483. From this point Zen. rejected the named, tell us nearly all that is known
whole description of the shield (Apj). I, about Homeric astronomy (.see Miss
§14). For a Mykenaean representation Gierke Earn. Studies, 39 If.). FIXHYddec
of the heavenly liodies see the great gold and 'TdBec are generally explained the '
'
ring from Mykene, Schuchli. fig. 281 sailing stars (as their heliacal rising in
(p. 277) where the sun and moon are at May indicates the season wlien voyages
the top, separated from the reSt of the l)egin'to be safe; cf. Hes. Opj>. 383
Held by a wavy line which may stand IWrjl'dou)!' 'ArXayei'îi}!' iiriTtWofiei'dwy
for the horizon, or more ])robably for
'
dpxô-O' dfj.rjTov), and

'
the rainy stars
clouds. Schol. T on this line tjuotes one of autumn. It is more jjrobable, how-
of tlie most curious ancient exj^lanations ever, that the latter are the same as the
of the Shield, that of Agallis of Corcyra. Lat. suculae, 'the litter of pigs.' Possibly' '
This lady lield that it represented the too the Pleiades are the Hight of doves
early history of Attica, the two cities (as if TTfXetdSes), fleeing, like the bear,
being Attica and Eleusi.s. Reference from before the hunter Orion ;
(utl o
must be made to the scholion for details ioLKO's opeidv ye lle\eid5uv fXT] rrfKbdev
(see also Schol. A on 490 where the 'Oapiwva veiffOai, Pind. X. ii. 12 ; IIXTjid-
name is wrongly given as 'A7a\\tas). 5es <T04vot 6(3ptfxov 'ilpiuvoi (pevyovaai,
Maximus Tyrius thought that the two Hes. Oj)p. 619 Aisch. fr. 285 ai 8' (ttt'
;
'
cities were Phaiakia and Itliaka, as types ArXavTos Tratdes vvKTepwv (pafraa/j-dTuu. .
of good government antl anaruliy. ^XOi'C' nopcpds dinepoL irt\eid5is. (They

' '
485. xeipea, aira^ dprnxivov in H. : cf. are still the seven dovelets in Sicil)',
'
as they are the hen and chickens
'
ivl TelpeffLv Hymn. viii. 7. It is appar- in
ently for ripea, as repewv is ((Uoted from England—i^rt??i. St. p. 54.) This how-
Alkaios by Eust. (fr. 155). Schulze (Q. E. ever may be a later interpretation the ;
p. 205) regards the -ei- as purely metrical name may be connected with TrXeros, as
lengthening in a tribrach. It is prob- though =^/tc croicd. The other names
able that the word has nothing to do [dpKTos, 272) arc taken from
Bod)TTjs €
witli T^pas, but belongs to Skt. tOnl, the huntsman's and shepherd's life, not
star. Cf. Curtius Et. no. 205. ccTe9d- from the sailor's. P. Knight pointed
NUTQi cf. E 739, A 36, in botli of which out that the correct form is not 'OpicoN
passages the form is used in the sense
' '
but 'Qapidjv (perhaps for 'Oapiwi' with
'
is set around lengthening bj' metrical necessity) which
(or upon ') here of ;
course it means has set around it as a is found in i'indar (/. iv. 49, fr. 72),
crown,' the ace. being adverbial. The Korinna and Kallimachos. The con-
phrase recurs in the similar line, Hes. tracted 'Clpiwv has always X in later poets
Kal cifxaâv e-nUXiiaLV KaXeovaiv,

apKTOv 6\ rjv
T avTov (7Tpe(f)eTai
Kal r 'D.piwva SoKevei,
77
Of'?; S' afji/Jiop6<;

ia-TC Xoerpcov '^l/ceavoto.
490
ev he hvw Trot^cre 7r6\ei<i /xepoiran' avOpcoircov
Ka\d<i. ev rrii /Mev pa ydfxoL r ecrav eikairLvai re,
vvfM(f)a^
eV daXdfMcov 8aL8o)v vtto \a/x7ro/xevdo)v
8'
iroXv^ 8' v/xevaio^ opdipei,

i)ylveov dvd darv,
8' iSiveov, ev S' apa rolatv
Kovpoi 6pxn<^'^>iP^'^
Be yuvaoKe^ 495
avXol (f)6p/xiyy€^
re ô^v ex^v al
lardfievai dav/Maôv
eirl TrpoOvpoiaiv eKdarr}.
ad loc.) 492. cc eak6xxouc Zen.

489. OIH : oToc(?) Krates (see Lurlwicli
aaicoN QR {yp. baiôm). 493. aNa : kot^ JS. 496. npoeupHCiN PQ.
once in Babrios) and in H. the Nauck read aid, which is quite needless.
(exc. ;
"
I never has the ictus to explain the See Aristotle Poet. xxv. 10 to oit) 5'
As the open form is of dp./j.opos" Kara fxeTafpopdv, to yap yvwpip.u}-

lengthening.
course the oldest and can always be Tarov ixbvov. With XoerpcoN 'OKeaNoTo
restored, it clearly is right, though there compare XeXovfxivos 'QKeavolo of Seirios,
is no authority for it in our Mss. of E 6 Ovid's immunis aequoris Arctos,
;
Homer and Hesiod. For the legend of Met. 13. 293.

Orion 121-24.
see e 491. KaX6c, the emphatic position of
487. The bear is in Arkadian myth- the word makes it equivalent to how '
of beautiful!' rduoi 'the plural of indefi-

ology connected with the story
Kallisto, probably a relic of ancient niteness' (Monro), expressing 'marriage-
animal-worship (Fans. viii. 3. 6). The scene,' one example standing for a
name is, however, very ancient and multitude. So N(iu9ac and eaXducoN
widely distributed, l)eiug found among perhaps need not imply more than one
the North American Indians (see Frazer bride and chamber.
Paus. iv. p. 191). The constellation is 492. ex. eaXducoN, ZtjcoSoros "es 6a\d-
"
of course still familiarly known by both Kal icTLv ovK dTrtâvos
•
IJ.OVS i] ypacp-q,
names, the liear and the Waiu but of ;
Did. There is choose
not much to
these the former at least has in England between the two, as ddXafxos is used both
probably come from classical sources. of the women's apartments and of the
488. The idea seems to be that when bridal chamber (see particularly ip 192).
Orion is rising in the east, the Bear is on uno, accompanied by, generally of a
the horizon —
which he just touches in musical accompaniment. But the prep,
North Greece he then moves upward,
;
has a very wide range see t 48, \p 290, ;
as though the coming of the great hunter B 334, S 220, etc.

had scared him from taking his bath. 493. HriNCON, perhaps rather ifytvov
It must, however, be I'emeinbered that (like op-iv-eiv), cf.213,dyivi/xevai v
the Great Bear lay in Homeric days dyivecTKov p 294 dyivih,
; 198, dyivei, x
much nearer the Pole than he does at ;J 105 may taste, and the
be accented to
present, owing to the precession of the longer form, though universal in later
equinoxes. There was no obvious Pole Greek (Herod, etc.), is certain in H. only
Star in the first millennium B.C. auToO, in O 784, k 104. If we keep it here we
in the same place, never disappearing. must of course scan -eov as one syll. for ,
489. oYh, no doubt because the few the -i- is invariably long. noXuc is used
other circumpolar constellations, Ursa predicatively as in A
307 iroXKbv 5e rpbcpi
Minor, Draco, etc., none of which are Kvfia KvXivdeTai, in full volume.
conspicuous, were creations of later astro- 495. OTi ivddde fidvov Kal iv ttjl (13) K
non)y the Little Bear is said to have
; fxifxvt]raL An. Bohn exoN, cf. 11
auXLOu,
been introduced to Greece from Phoenicia 105 Kavaxv" ^f- Nauck's x^'"' is need-
by Thales of Miletos. Diintzer and less.
\aol 8' etV dyopiji Hcrav aOpooi' evda Be v€ifco(o
S' iea6i]v t"7rt
icnopt irelpap eXeaOai.
\aol B' (\p,(f)OTepoi(Tiu eTniTrvov, dfi(f>l'i dpcoyoi.
K)'jpuK6^ S'
cipa Xaov ipy'jTvov oi Be yepovre^
e'lar etrl êa-Tolcri \i6oi<; iepo)i ivl kvk\(oi,
497. ^Nsare 499. 6noKTau€NOU Zen. and 4v rah trXdirm^

L. ano- :
êiJueNOU ni9paucKC0N A: ni9dcKcoN JPR Vr. A: eni9dcKC0N *>:

L>. 500.
eni9pducKcoN Pap. i. 501 "//'. 1j. neTpac 1': ncTpaN (^)SU I'ar. c'- {] si'^jr.). ||
eXeceai dpcceai /en.

: 502. dju90TepcoeeN /> ii. Aph. Mass. ^hhtuon J |
:
eninNuoN cnninuoN 8ch. T) Mass. dpcorcbi .Ma.ss. (Sch. T cipwroi Si h. A).

[
:
497. For the general di.scussiou of this from a noni. ireipas ( Att. wdpas, for =
jiassage .see
App. I, §§ 2:3-3ii. irip-Fas ?) which is found in Pindar 0.
499. inoKTauENOuZen. aud ai TrXetffrat, ii. 31, and should perhajis be accepted
Kttt ecrnv ovk dwitiavos rj ypacfii). Did. here on the authority of P. The other
The word evidently brings oat tiie sense variant irf^pav is also worth consideration ;
of homicide better than the vulg. diro- though the subst. does not occur in H.,
it is implied in the verb irupdeiv, and
(pdifxevov, though the latter is of course
po.ssible.
the sense to tahe a trial suits perfectly ;
500.
ni9aucKCON, making declaration, see the Attic use of wdpav Xafxâvdv in
probably by speech according to the L. & S., and ireipav davdrou nepl Kal
. .
regular use of the word. It is however S'was Pindar X. i.\. 28, 29.
thrice used of makiHg manifest to the 502. cnnnuoN, shouted assent, cf.
sight, 31 2S0
irKpavcrKOfxevos to, 8. KrjXa, eTr€v<prjjj.r](Tav, A 22. The Massaliotic
4> 333 irKpavcTKeo 8^ (pXoya TroWrjv, 97 variant iwlirwov must be taken as aor.
ola Ziei's
^pya TrKpavcrKerai. It is there- of €in-irveF-u} (cf. dn-ww-ej, in the sense
fore po.ssible to take Trdcra as the object, incited, inflamed the quarrel cf. Aisch. ;
displaying/ the full price which the Sept. 343 ixaivd/j.evo^ 5' iiriirvei . .
'Aprji,
slayer claims to pay (App. I, § 25). Eur. Pltocn. 789, 795 and other insbmces
UHdcN, only here in II. {H. G. § 356). in L. & S. dptoroi, partisans, as ff 232.
If the mere denial of a fact were in If Jlass. read dpwyQi, we must explain
question we ought to have ovSev the ix-i] : incited a litigant on either side, i.e.
implies that v:ill is concerned (H. G. either one or other. The dpwyoi are
§ 361, M. and T. § 685). evidently much the same as the 'com-
'
501. iecoHN, desired: the neglect of purgators of our old law, the friends
the F rare, see on A 138
is FUadriv 5' : and neighbours whom a litigant brought
dju^w IJrandreth. Ycropi, Apj). I, § 26. to courtnominally to swear to his
eni, at the hands of, a use which has character, but in fact rather to make an
no e.xact parallel in H. , but is closely imposing display and overawe if possible
connected with the use of the prep, to the opposite jiarty. Compare ^ 574 es
express attendant circumstances, //. G. fxeffou dfi(poT^poi<n OiKdaaare /jltjo' ^tt'
§§ 197-98. In later Greek the use is dpwyrJL.

common enough (Lat. jxyies), e.g. rab' 503. oi Be calls attention to a fresh
OVK €7r' dvSpdffL KelTOLi, Find. F. viii. 76, point, 'there,' So 495, 559. The
etc. neipap, an issue, termination of proclamation of silence by the heralds
the matter see note on II 102, and
; opens the scene before the Areiopagos in
compare also ^
350 tKaarov wdpaT êiire, the J-J II men ides also Kripvaae, Krjpv^, Kal
;
Pindar /•". i. 81 TroWdf Wfipara cvvra- arparbv Kareipyddov, 566.

vt/crats eV /Spoxet. The ace. neTpap recurs 504. iepcoi kukXcoi, a semicircular seat
only in N 359 (see App. Crit.), e 289 of stone, sacred to the administration of
{'7r«rpaj' Z.' Ludw.) all other forms are
; justice. So the Phaiakian dyopri is
in -r- and would more naturally come pvToiffiv \de<T<n Karwpi'xifO'o' dpapvia (f
VOL. II X
ev êpo-' exov rjepocf)MVMV' i05

aKijirrpa he KiipvKwv
Tolaiv eiretT 8e SUaôv.
yicraov, a/xoi^7;Sk
Kelro S'
ap' ev /xeaaoiat y^pvaolo TuXavra, Svo)
rm 86/xev 09 fieTa
roiat
SUrjv WvvraTa etiroc.
rhv S' ereptiv ttoXlv a/ji(f>l 8uo) arparol eXaro \ao)v
510
Tevyecn Xaiiiroyuevoi. Blxa he (T(f)iaiv r^vhave ôvKrj,
rje StaiTpadeeiv
?) avhtya irdvra haaaadac,
evro-i eepyev
KTrjatv oarjv irTokieOpov eiry^parov
506. ToTciN : ToTci a" (.,>

Vr. d. !|
auoiBwabN (Ar. ? see Ludwich) Hail, a,
Vr. b A, Par. a- : djmoiBHdiN J : auoiBaSic R. 507. Siio HPQR. 508. eVnoi
AHJQ (Ynoi) T Bar. Uor. Vr. h, fr. Mosc. :

eYnH(i) il. 509. aiio CHPR. II
XaoiN Pap. i'. 510. Xajunou^Nco Harl. a {supr. 01). 1|

C91N S. 512. eeprcN
A {supr. ei) (L supr.) PRTU Mor. Bar. Vr. b A :
êprei fl.
the comitative dat. as

267), and polished stones are used for
seats icith staves,
in 6. Cf. E 499 for the application (pacrydvojL, eyxe'i, cttttois a'CffcreLv. It
of iepds to a place quasi-sacred by its would be simpler with to refer ijiffaov
use. And in 807 the place of A Diid. to the litigants, they rushed
'
assembly and of justice is associated before the judges' but we must then ;
with the altars of the gods. Agallis take BiKaôv as diKdôvro, =

j)^'^^"^^^'^^^
(see on 483) took this to be a lecture

of \ 545 (a sense for which there is no
the Areiopagos itself. support in Homeric or later Greek the ;
act. always means to give judgment, see

plur. cKHnrpa seems
505. The to be
used loosely, to imply that they all had also ^
579), or admit an abrupt change ;
the staff in turn. The herald's staff is

'
before them rushed the litigants, and
handed to the speaker to give him they (the judges) gave judgment in turn.
'possession of the house,' so that of 507-08, App. Î, §§ 28-30: 509 ff.,
course only one can be in use at the §§ 16-19.
time '>^ 567, A 2:34.
; (Cf. note on 510. C91CIN, the besiegers. 3ixa does
yd/xoL, 491.) H€po9obNCi5N, ace. to not of course say that one of the armies
Doderlein from dei'pw, lifting up the takes one side, the other the other ;
voice, cf. yatTTjop-os, -fjepidtcrdaL, depai- but it rather suggests that the poet takes
iroSes, and eTrdpas tijv (picvrjv, Dem. 32.3. the division of the besiegers (for purely
1 ;though tlie formation is at least pictorial reasons) into two grou])S as
unusual. If derived from drjp it would implying, in connexion with the debate,
mean 'misty-voiced,' from which no a division of oj)inion. dix° 6ouX»4 • •
good sense can be got. Schol. T's recurs in 7 150, cf. T 32 oixo- 0v/xbu
ôiOev (Tvy KaXovvTiav (cf. A 497) is equally iX^vTes, ^ 386 etc.
unsatisfactory',even though it is true 511. aN9ixa noiNTa adcaceai, to make
that assemblies wore generally called at a division of the movable i>roperty of the
daybreak. Ahrens conj. 'i.epo(pihi'oov, city, halfbeing left to the citizens, half
strong -voiced, whicli is found in Phot. taken as ransom by the besiegers. Tiiis
Lex. and Alkman fr. 26 {irapdeviKal sense is clear from X 117-20, where
IxeKiydpves lepcKpuvoi) and adopted by Hector thinks of proposing the same
Scliuke Q. E. 211. terms to Achilles. (So Schol. A 7rp6? to
506. fiYccoN, sprnncj up to speak. The dpxouov edos OTL oi Tro\topKoi'i/j.€voi iîara-
verb used only of ra])id rushes, such
is aau TOi)s TToXefiiovs eirifiepiô/Jievoi. rd ktt}-
as would hardly seem to accord with the Tlie ido's is
ixara. apxa-lov presumably
dignity of yipofres. But it must be only a deduction from these two
remend)ered that the scene is more like passages. )
a political debate, with all its excitement, 512. eep7et of most Mss. is evidently
than a judicial decision in our sense due to the reflected influence of X 121,
(H. Sidgwick in C. R. viii. 3). toTcin, which is itself interpolated from this
lAIAAOC C (will) •.ur,
ot S' ov TTM TreidovTO, \u-^(OL

8' vTreOcopijcraovTo.
relyo'i fj.eu p aXoôl re (pLXat koI vijina reKva
pvaT i(f)e<TTauT€'i, /lera S' di'€p€<; ov^ t'ê yfjpa's' ;'15
01 8' I'aav ^]px^ ^'

"P^ cr(f>iu "Ap>;«>
Kal llaWaL(Tii>
et/ce \o)(^)](Tai,
.'/JO
eu TTorafXMt, 60t r dpSp.o'i ei-jv iravrecrcn ôrotcnv,

'ev0' apa roi <y iôvr uWottl âXKoyi.
elXvfiei'OL
rolcri 8 erretr dirdvevOe Bvco aKoiroL eiaro Xaoiv,
Bey/ji€vot OTTTTore /xijXa IBolaro Kal eXiKa2b

Tuâ rrpoyevovro, lip.
513. uno ecopHccoNTO rap. t.

ûno, Vr. d unoecopHccoNTO II fi-. Mosc.
: 515.
piier" .1.
dq)ecTa6Tec T
w/t. ?)./>. |] ONepac
]). 517. hcohn DU hcto II : :
ece\HN Lijis. 51S. eeoc nep D. 520. eJKe dxc 1' hkc xp. Eii.st.
: 522.:
VzoN J. YzoNe' ei\uJu.eNoi C. 523. Buo lii'S Vi. A. 525. 3uo I'K.
of great antiquity here is proved, how-

place— a curious example of the subtle
origins of corruption. ever, by the occurrence of v<prj<Tcrui' in
."il:!. oi de, the besieged, ou nco nei- the imitated Scut. Here. '258.
eoNTO, i.e. were by no means tliinking 520. eiKE, it seemed likeli/, tliere v:os
of accepting terms. uneecopHccoNTo, opportuniti/, from FeUw, jn-es. of FeFoiKa.
ivere secretly artiiing for ambush. This Compare H 217, P 354, X 321, and the
use of in composition does not
iiTro- Attic irape'iKei, it is 2^>'acticable. .Rela-
seem to recur in H. and for \6xcoi ; tionship with FfiKeiv, yield, is improb-
we should have expected XoxovS'. La able.
R. writes Xoxwt virb duprjcrcrofTo, were
8' 522. Yzont', rj'oj' Bentley {FfFXi/xtPoi).
anning U^x X\\Q fight joM^^cr (protected by) 523. Two scouts have been thrown
an ambush. The objection to this evi- out to warn the ambush of the expected
dently that they liave not reached the
is ajjproach of the besiegers' cattle to be
ambush at this stage (see 520). watered. toTci, the ambushed warriois
51.'). Ob>erve C(pccTa6Tec inasc. ko-to. from the city.frmii Ih'ir own
XacoN,
avveaif, though construed with feni. and or )ierha])s with anciNeuee, away
hosts,
neuter H. G. % 16t5. 2.
; froiii the main body. (Van L. suggests
516. oi de, the sortie-party on the another explanation the besieged citi- ;
way to the ambush. For the mention zens lay an ambush, and send forward
of Ares and Athene, the only distinc- herds of their own as a liait to lure the
tively Hellenic touch in the shield, see besiegers. Then toTci, npoNOHcoN (526),
App. I, § 16. The sing. Apxe with two oi jueN (527) all refer to the besiegers.
subjects emidiasizcs the unity of com- Tills theory, however, breaks down when
mand ; of. H 386 Tjuwyei Vlplafxds re we come to 530-32, which evidenti}' do
Kai iWoL TpuJes ayavol, A 255 Kev not describe a sudden attack from a pre-
llpia/ios llptd/uoto re iratSes,
tj
and —
pared ambush for whatever eipdujf may
yrjOricrai
note on II 849. mean, no chariots would be employed —
519. dju<pic, apart From their followers, but a reinforcement from a distance.)
'
again a masr.
'
standing out (Monro). On' oXizoNcc, 525. oi 3c, the cattle ;
the people were of smaller si~c at their construed with a neut. and fern, (/iocs in
'
feet ; the vulg. vnokiôv^s, somewhat plur.. of a herd, is always fern, in H.).
smaller,' would be poetically inadmis- In this case, however, the neuter would
sible, and this force of i'/tto- in composition be more regular (//. G. § 166. 2). Bckker
is not found in H. That it is a reading reids at.
SoXop S' ov ti irpovorjaav.

Tepirofievco crvpiyî'
01 fiev ra 7rpoiS6vr€<; iirehpafiov, mku S' eirecra
rdiivovr u/xcf)! /Sooiv d<yeXa,
ol 8' cos" ovv eiTvOovTO TToXvv KeXaSov Trapa ôvalv r>30
elpdcov TTpoirdpoiOe Kadijfievoi, avriK e'c/) iinroiv
atyjra 8' Ilkovto.

/3dvTe<; depa-LTToScov jxereKiaOov,
S' iroTajxolo irap oyÔa^,
arrjcrdiJLevoi ifidôvro p^d'X^rjv
jSdXkov K dWifKovi 'xaXKrjpeaiv ey)(€.ii]i(Jiv.
iv S' iv Be KvSol/xo*; o/xlXeov, ev h" oXoi] Krjp 535

"E/3<^?,
ciWov ^(i)6v e')(ov<7a

veovrarov, aXXov aovrov,
526. xepnoJUieNCO Apli. Vr. A repnoJUGNOi i}. 528. tojuinon d' J.

:
||
Sp^Xmn
Ef. J/";/. 74t).4;J. nwij uir oIcon Zen.
I
ncbea juhXcon Ap. Lcjj. 150. 14. : 529.
dprcNdcoN j\Ior. 530. napa :

ncpi PU liar. 531. ipdcoN DG LijJS. :
ipdcoN
CH^PS fr. Mosc. Yen. B.
526. See K 13 for the only other recognized by the old glossaries. Con-
Homeric mention of cupirrec in this nexion with eifX?;, I'Xtj, crowd (see Curt.
sense. Aph. read xepnojueNCo, and there- EL no. 660), has been suggested, but is
fore probably also vofxije, which is restored far from clear. )
533. JudxHN is to be taken

by Alirens. equally
527. 01 ULEN, the ambush ; xd, sc. with cxHcduENOi as object and eudxoNxo
or perhaps vaguely
fjLTJXa,
the state of
'
as cognate accusative. For aT-fjaaadaL
things.' A'dx'7i'
= to set battle in array, of. (pvXo-
52S. xdjuiNONx'dju<pi,CT/ô/f',intercepted ;
mda ffTTjaeLv X 314, drjaovrai fJ-dxTl" ^
as X 402 jSovs •n-epLTap.voiJ.evov r]5' oiOiv irthea 402, and aT-rjaaadai iro\€/ji.ovs in Herod.
Ka\d, Hiimn. Merc. 74 KiVTrjKovT dyeXrjs 535. These personified spirits of strife
6.ir€T6.p.ve.To /3o0s epifii/Kons. ciju.<pi imi)lies cannot but recall the Valkyries of Teu-
interception by an attack on both sides tonic mythology. 535-38 occin- almost
(of tlie path to the watering-place ?) as verbatim in /^cut. Her. 156-59, and have
irepi in \ implies surrounding. For ncoea sometimes been considered as copied from
KaXd Zen. had ttwi' ij-^y' olCiv, and there- there. But they cannot be said to be
fore clearly omitted 529. Fick follows alien from Epic thought see A 440, A 3. ;
him in order to avoid the lonisin ' '
In what form the poet conceived the

aprcNNUN for -aoiv. ])ersonification we cannot guess, though
530. 01 5c, the besieging armies, en- 538 implies human shape. Probably
gaged in debating the question of 1. 511. the K-17P at least was a winged demon
The transition is very sudilen, but seems such as we see in the well-known Lykian
to be imperatively required. sarcophagus in the British JMuseum
531. eipduN, a word occurring here carrying off a soul in her arms. For
oxdy, witli the cognate elpeas (most edd. the function of the Kijpes themselves —
dpoLis), in Hes. Theog. 804 dpias ddavd- —
ghosts of the departed in thus taking
Twc. It is .said to be equivalent to souls to the Underworld see note on B
dyopd. Et. Mag. has to e'lpa, 8 a-qixaiviL 302 and ^ 207 dXX' tjtol tov KTjpes iâv
rrjv eKKKrjalav koL ttjv /MavTeiav, and An. OavdToio (pepovaai eis 'Atdao Oo/ulovs. OJuI-
on dpas X^7et rots dyopds, ax^lfJ-O-Ti-iuv XcoN, Joined in the fray, as 539. In
dirb Tov dpew, 5 ecrri Xeyeiv. But this the same line in Hesiod the verb is
does not suit npondpoiee, which demands e6vv€ov.
a more restricted sense, such as speak- '
536. aouxoN here only dvoihaTos A ;
ing-places,' orators' tribunes, which is 540, dvovT-qTi X 371, and veovTaros here
not a Homeric idea. Though the common and N 539 shew that the more correct
explanation is unsatisfactory, we have form would be dvovrov. The verbs ovt-
no materials for improving upon it. dui, -dfoj never have initial F, which is
(Many mss. have ipdiov or ipdwv, forms
regularly lost before ov-.
lAIAAOC C (will) liOU
(iWov T6$i'>)MTa Kara fioOov t\K€ TTohoitv

elfxa S' ufi(f)' MjjLOicri ha<\)OLveov a'i/j,aTi, (f)(i)TO)i>.
t'^'
(ii/xlXevi' 8' o)evovT€ dvt]p eTTiojv toI Se

arpe-â<TKOv di> oypovi,
icfievoi veioio /3a06Li]<; TeXcrov iKeadai.
'
8e [xeXalveT oirtcrdev,
7) dprjpofievrjL he icoiKei
Ypvaetrj Trep eovcra' to S?; irepl Oavfia rervKTO.

iv S' eTidec rep,evo<i /3acnXi]iov tvda 8'
epidoi 550
537. TEeNHi(£)Ta Ar. : TeeNeicoTa ACGU Paji. i k. JUoeoN :

xônoc llciacl.
Pont. AJL IS. ,

noaoTciN <,). 538. eTua &' : eTud t' .Ma.vs. .
Sqôinon JQ.
539. cojuiXeoN Hail, a, fr. Mosc. 540. KaTareeNcicoTac A {sîpr. h) CGU Pap. i.
543. eXdrpeoN S: eXdcrpeuoN /./yw. tr. Mosc: eXdcreuON P: cXdcreoN Vr. d.

544. 546. TOI oi G-IPR-STT Pap. i. Ilail. a, Vi. h d.
Tpei|;aNTec ilail. a. : ||
Tpeij/acKON H Hail, a (-€n), I'ap. t\ ||

wrjaouc U. 548. dpHpejueNHi A, riva ruv
di>Tiypa.(pojv East. 549. eaOjLia T6TUKTO Ar. i2: eaOu' exeTUKTO .IS- I'a],. i.
550. BqciXhYon AC'G Pap. L,
Vi n. V>. IV. Mosc, Sell. T, yp. Hdi. X : BaeuXmoN
(Baeu XhTon fl, yp. A.
537. ^Xke for eXKOva-a, the u.siial Epic 544. t^Xcon, headlands, the strip at
lapse fi-om the participial construction. the end of the furrows where the plough
r)39. cbjuiXeuN, the soldiers. The con- was turned see notes on K 351, N 707.
;
tracted form is late hut cannot well be Cf. Hesych. rAo-as cTpo(f)ds,T€\r],wepaTa.
•
removed. 545. of oYnou is rare

The neglected F ;
541. For the scenes of country life H 467, I 224 are the only cases in I/iad
see App. I, § 20. The tirst, ploughing, (twelve in Od.). Fick would cut out
represents ]>erhaps, as Pidgeway has .sug- 544-46 altogether, as 'curious, not to
gestcd {J. II. S. vi. 336), the ploughing say ridiculous' lines. Pentley conj.
of the
'
common This was alwaj's
field.' fieXavos o'ivolo. to! 9e may mean either
begun by all the members of the coin- 'while others were turning,' or, 'and
munity on the same day (commemorated then (after drinking) they turned.'
in our 'Plough ilonday'): hence the 548. This undoubtedly indicates some
TToWol dpoTTipes. The field is a fallow, means of shadiug the bright colour of
vei6s, because no doubt primitive cultiva- the gold, whether by alloy or by .some
tion in Greece, as elsewiiere, was on the sort of glaze. It is clear that the poet
'two-field' system, half the land only was thinking of some actual work which
being tilled at a time, the other half he had seen. dpHpojuGNHi the variant :
dpripepiei'Tji, thougli it has

the authority
lying fallow in alternate years. TpinoXoN
of A and is as old as Ap. Rliod. (dpTj-
])robably means that it was plouglicd
thrice before being sown, the last jilough- pffxevas i. 787, iv. 677), is a mere blunder,
ing probably taking place in early spring. as the stem dpo- could not lose its o.
But our information is very scanty. Ap. Rhod. himself has dprj/joro, iii. 1343.
Hesiod 0pp. 462-64 are very obscure 550. For BaciXmoN most editors adopt
lines and out of ])lace, but they clearly the vulg. â9v\r}iov, in favour of which
speak of spring ploughing, ^pl TroXeii/. is the imitated passage Sci(t. H> n-. 288
They say nothing of more than one ai'rd/a eriv âOv XrfCov, and 560 /.eipet A
ploughing. t' €i<Te\$(j)v âOv Xrjiov. Both reading.s
310 lAIAAOC C (xvm)
iv 'êpalv exovT€<;.
i]/j,(ov oêlaî Bpeirdva';
8pciy/xaTa
S' clXXa fxer ojfxov i-mJTpifMa ttItttov epaê,
dXXa 8' dfiaWoSeTfipe^ iv iWeBavotcri Seovro.
oircade
TpeU 8' dp' d/xaWo8eTi]pe€aracrav avrdp
TTrttSfc^ ev dyKaXiSecrai, êpovre^,
SpayfievovT€<;,
S' iv rolat aiwirrji
daTrepx^'i Trdpeyov. /3a(nX€v<;
ilT OJflOV JTjdoCTUVO'i Krjp.
O-KriTTTpOV €X(OV €(7T^K€l
K7]puKe<;
8' dirdvevOev viro Spvi' Baira TrevovTO,
/3ovv 8' i€pev(ravre dypdcpero KapnoN eXeuciNiHC BHUHxepoc ar\ao9cbpou Sch. T (on

552. dbruoN U. ninxeN DH.I Pap. t. 553. eiXeaaNoTci GPR.
483) Kust. i ||
In e\\. . .
(5.-.1) auaWoaeTfipec om. (aiul />' ?). RQW
554. &' ap: ^k GPR:
rap J). 555. SparjuaTeuoNxec .TS Mov. 557. €CTHK€l Ar. eicxHKei (ei- : D
H.TPU Pap. 1. oruoN G<,) : toruouc U. 558. xdroNXo R (7p. neNONxo). 559.
d' om. Pap. c. 560. noW" 0X91x0 Xeuk' endXuNON iV. Mosc. noXX' endXuNON |
H Pap. L. naXuNON IK
are therefore equally possibleand ap- The Spdruaxa (A 69) are the armfuls,
propriate. obtains fresh sig-
jSacrtXTjibv lit. taken by the left arm to
cjraspi))(js,
nificance ifwe suppose that the preceding be cut with the sickle SparueiioNxec = ;
scene gives the ploughing of the common picking up these armfuls.

field by the community, for we have 560. ndXuNON is explained by Hentze
' '
here the contrast, the reaping of the (after Clemens) were making porridge
royal demesne by hired labourers {ipidoi). by sprinkling meal in water or other
The royal lands, including those given liquid, as Hekamede thickens
the kvk€iwv
for great public services (Z 194, I 578), in A 640. generally used of
It is
are apparently the only form of private sprinkling of meal on the roast flesh,
property in land known to the Iliad, as f 77, 429 ; and it is by no means
and the only ones therefore which could clear that this is not the sense here.
be cultivated in this way. So BaciXeuc The question depends on whether SaTxa
in 556 is to be taken in its full sense, is really to be taken as
'banquet,' and
not merely as = owner the dcflnxpoN is, ;
therefore a meal too luxurious for the
as usual, the badge of office, not a mere ipiOoi, in contrast to 5eTnNON. Were
walking-stick (Ridge way I.e. but his ;
such the case, it would of course follow
statement that aKijirrpov 'is alwa/js a that the ox could only be meant for the
symbol of ollice is
'
incorrect see v 437, ;
—
king and, we must suppose, a circle of
p" 199, a 103). epieoi (also 560) do not retainers who are not mentioned. But
recur in H. except in the metaphorical it is quite possible to hold that Satra
(Tvvipidos, f 32. The word is generally '
means a feast and expresses the abun-

'
taken to mean hhvd labourers in later : dance of good cheer, while SeiTrvov indi-
Greek, no doubt from its resemblance to cates the meal in relation to the day's
epLov, it is used of wool-workers. It will work (see notes on 9 53, A 86). There
be noticed that the Shield contains no isno contradiction in saying that a, feast,
mention of slaves. an unusually abundant meal, is being
651. The added line mentioned by
prepared for the workmen's lunch. The
Schol. T is due to Agallis, who quoted
preparing the ox and the sprinkling of
or invented it in support of her view of the meat must be regarded as consecutive,
the bearing of the shield on old Attic not coincident, scenes. This explanation
history (see on 483). avoids the difficult pregnant use of iraKi)-
552. juiex' orjuoN, into the viidd of veLv. demNON, accus. in apposition, as '
the furroiv, between the a meal' so w 215 BelTrvop 8' al\pa crvwv
ridges (H. G. ;
§ 195). enHxpiJua, see note on 211. lepevcraTe 6s ris apiaros.

lAIAAOC C (win) 311
iv 8' irldei crTacpvXi'jiai fieya f^piOovaav dXrorjv

Ka\>ii> -^pvaen]!'' /xeXave'i
8' am /Sorpve^ rjcrav,
eaTi'jKei Se KUfMaî hiafnrepe<s apyvperjKJiv.

dficf)L
8e Kvav€7]v KUTrerov, irepl S'
e'pKO'i eXacrae
8' iir' 565
Kaacnrepov /xia oit] (iTapTriro's ?^€v avri)v,
Trji riaaovTO ôpT/esN OTe rpvyowiev d\(i)7']v.
TrapdeviKal Be Kal yiOeoi draXd (f>poveoi>Te'i

TrXe/crot? ev raXdpotai (f)epov fxeXirjSea Kapirov.
Tol(Tii> o' ii> fxeaaoiat nrdi^ ôp/jLiyyt XiycLrji
Ifxepoev KtddpLê, Xivov 8' viro koXov aeiSe
561. €N b' : CNe' ti.

jUGraBpieoucaN II. BpueoucaN I'.iji.
t. 562. CtNCl :
apa I'.ar. Mor. 563. eicTHicei C-IPKU Pap. t. tr. jMosc. Vr. d: eicTHKCi JjH. \\
aprupeoiciN Zin. CS liar. II.ul.a, fr. Jlo.sc. 565. tc quthn Zfii. Pap. k :
cnauTH J': en' auTH(i) fr. Mosc. ("adscripto c2)") Par. f: ^n' qutui Par. li.
566. NiCCONTO (II siijir.) () nIconto C Pap. i, fr. ^losc.
: nhcconto G: :
Neic(c)oNTo i.'.
napeeNiKai xe U.
567. 568. nXeKToTc €N nXcKToTciN Ar, :
Par. a- v. 569. 5' nm. .1. 570. XlNON Ar. <> Xinoc Zcii. qInon U {yp. : :
XInon W).
563. ccTHKei Kdjuasi, icas set up with sang to (vird) the harp the stceet Liiios-song
poles (for the vines to climb upon) the ;
with delicate voice. The Linos-song was
idea of uprightness conveyed by the one of the ancient dirges which have been
numerous poles is spoken of as a pro- traced to Semitic sources (the wailing
pertj' of the dXw); itself, conferred by forTliammuz, etc.), and apparently were
the poles. For aprupeHiciN Zen. had originally laments for i\w departing
dfyyvpioLcriv ; Kcifia^ varies in gender in summer— so that they would be appro-
later Greek. priate at the vintage-feast. The name
564. KuaNGHN expresses the material, is probably from the refrain atXivov, so
as is clear from Kaffffiripov following, familiar in the gi-eat chorus of the
though kyanos (see A 24) is not men- Agamemnon, which was taken to mean
tioned in 474-75. woe for Linos. Movers has ingeniously
565. aiiTHN, sc. dXwTji', opposing it to .suggested that it is the Phoenician ai
the ditch and hedge. " es woe to us.' The loci classici on
'
avrrjv" irapa lenu,

ZrjvodJTui. Kal ^x" Xdyov t] yparpTj, Linos are Herod, ii. 79 {Aivos, oairep ^v
Did. T€ ôiviK7)i doiSifibs icTTi Kal ev KiV/jwi Kal
566. For the orthography of nicconto &XXt]l, etc.), and Hesiod, fr. 211 (from
see note on 186. N Schol. T) Aivov . . 6v 5ri 6ffoi §poToL
5<i7. Cf. \ .39 TrapdeviKal draXai. eiaiv doiSol Kal
KiOaptcrTal iravres fxtv
araXa (ppoNCONTec, in childish cjlce from ; dprjvevcnv ev eiXaTrlvais re xopois re. Com-
the vintage festival gravity was banished. pare also the fragment of a Linos-dirge
draXos is a word which is regularly used in Bergk P. Z.-' p. 1297 (corrected, from
of children, cf. draXdcppova Z 400 the ; Schol. B). Thoiigh this explanation
der. is doubtful. The same idea is given is the most satisfactory, the other is
by drdXXeti' N 27. not indefensible for the metaphor of

;
570. For XInon Zen.

read XiVos, the the string 'singing' may be jiaralleled
thread (i.e. the string of the lyre) sang by 411 (of the boAVstring) i] d' i-rrb
S7veetly in unison luith (6n6) his treble KaXbv detae, x^XtS^vt etKeXrj ai'driv. The
roice. So also some translated the vul- use of a flax thread for the string of a
'
'
gate Xivov 6 5^ Apiarapxos fBovXerai /j.r) lyre, improbable though it seems, is

T7]v xopor^v Xeyecrdai, dXXd yivos tl v/xvov accounted for thus by Schol. A ot ;
Tov u " iraidva

Xii'ov, ibaiTip eXeye fjioev" rrpQiTOi Tols Oeois /.terd ciiS^s vTroKidapiiôvrei
fl Tl roioxJTov, An. The last interpreta- ovK e^ evripiiiv KarecKevdôvTO rds KiOdpas,
tion is now generally accepted, the boy oi'X Ô'l-ov oi'di deoh dpecrbv elvai viroXa/x-
XeTTToKerji. rol 8e p)]craovT€'i a/j,apTf]L

(f)(ovP]i-
eirovro.
fj,o\7n)i
T IvyfiMi re iroal aKaipovre<i
iv 8'
ayekrjv TrotT/cre ôiov opdoKpatpdoiv
al Se /3oe9 '^pvaolo reTev-xaro Kaaanepov re,
8' diro Koirpov eTrecTaevovro vofiovSe 575
fiVKr]6fjb(bt
Trap TTorafiov Kekdhovra, irapa poBavov hovaKrja.

he vofiije^ d/M eari')(owvro /Boea-at
^(^pva-eioL
he <T(f)t Kvve<i irohaii dpyol eirovro.
Te(Taape<i, evvea
afiephaXeo) he \iovTe hu' ev TrpoorTjccn ôecrai
o he fiaKpd fxefivK(t)<i
580
ravpov €pvy/u,r)\ov €')(eT'qv
571. XenrelHi Vr. A. ||

t6n hk R (toi Se R'")- II
5' Hp[H]ccoNTec Piip. i. ||
npHCCoNTEC Hail. a. 1|
ciJULapTH(l)
AD: 6uapTH(i) il. 572. noai Q. 575.
NOJUHN Se Vi . A. CS Hail, a nepi GQ Par. li h\h Zen.

576. napa napai : : : ||
po&aNON padaXbN : Zen. (oi U poaNbw, Sch. T, is apparently not a variant but
an etymology. Ar. and Aph. probably read paSiNON, see Ludwich). aoNaKHCN ||
Dion. op. Did. 578. noaacKUNec Pap. i}. 579. CJmapSaXeco S KuoNeto ? :
de : re PR. dli' €N : auco PR a' ^n Q duo iv ttjl

(MS. KudNCON) Zen.
: :
|I ||
erepai. rwv 'ApLarapxav Did. npcoTOici Bar. fr. Mose. Vr. b.

jj
580. exeroN ADM
Harl. a. JueuHKOJC Q Pap. k.
||
pdvovres Sia to €k vevpQv TreTroLrjcrdai a\\ o/xaprew

— perhaps to avoid confusion
CK \lvov TreiroiTjfxei'ov. But it is likely with the aor. of dp.aprdveiv .
a mere conjecture. b72. iurucbi, only here in H. ; the verb

enough that this is
(The masc. has no authority except

Xicos occurs in P 66, 162 in both cases of
in the old glossaries.) Heyne reads shouting to scare a wild animal. In
\li>oi> S' vwo, 'sang to the string.' But later Greek it seems to be confined to
Hymn. Merc. 501 clearly shews how the cries of pain here we may take it either,
;
line was taken in early times, 7; (Kidapis) as 'shouting' in a neutral sense, or as

5' VTrivepde (T/j-epdaXiov Kovd^rjae' debs 5 a participation in the Linos-dirge, prob-
virb KaXov deiaev. ably of a purely conventional nature,
571. pHccoNTec be connected
is to as the scene is on the whole evidently
not with prjyi'v/j.i. but with d-pdaa-co, in joyous.
the sense of beating time (djaaprî) ;
573. opeoKpaipdcoN, see note on 3.
compare ^wipprja-aecrKoi' fl 454. And so 575. Konpou in a local sense, the byre,
clearly Ap. Rhod. understood it, i. 539 see note on A 807. So also es Kowpov
iriSov prj<Tau}(Ti iroSecrcrcv. This, however, K 411.
makes a rather disagreeable tautology 576. poSaNON, so MSs. what Aph. ;
with TTocrt
aKaipovres. It has been pro- and Ar. read is uncertain, but may have
posed to translate breakia;/ into soikj in been pabivbu. We must suppose that
chorus. The phrase 4>wvt}v p-riyvvvai is pobavbv, which does not recur in Greek,
common in later Greek, and it is quite is identical in sense with pabivof, and
possible that the word
may have been means pliant,luaving so that the ;
occasionally used without an object in question is not very important. One

the same way (Stei)henson in C. R. iii. ingenious scholiast reads Trapd Vobavbv
'
—
72). Hymn. Ap. 516 01 8e p-qaaovres ^(TTi 5i TroTa/j.bs {oovaKija being taken as
'iwovTo Kprjres irphs lIi'^J; Kal irjirairjoj'^ adj. instead of subst.). Zen. derived
deidov may be taken eitlier way. But his pabaXbv from Kpaoa\bv = evKpa8avTov,
there are obvious phonetic objections evKivrjToi'.
to connecting pyjcrff- with pvy-- As 580. epurjuHXoN comes from a subst.
usual Mss. vary between duapxHi, dixaprr) epvy/jibs, roaring (used by Aristotle and
(see on E 6.56), ofiaprrji, but on the 'Theophr. = nictatio) with suffix -tjXo-s
whole authority is in favour of dyit-. like e/f-T/Xos. But ai'y-qXbs, v^y)\bs etc.
The verb, however, is almost always are o.xytone. The word occurs here only.
lAIAAOC C {Will) :{ 1 3
€\k€TO' tov he KVV€<; fi€T€Kia$oi> /}S' aH^rjoi.

TO) fiev ui>app7)âvT€ /3oo«f fMeyaXoio /Soeiijv
eyKara Koi jiekav al/j,a Xu(f)va-aeTov, ol Be i'0fifj€<;
auToyi evhieaav raêa'i Kvva^ oTpvuovre's-

ol 5' i']Toi huKeeiv fiev direTpwrroyvTo XeovTwv, J .85
laTcifxevoi Be fiuX eyyu<i vXuKTeov €k t' aXeouTO.

ev Be vofibv TroiTjcre irepiKXvToî ufi(f)iyuj]ei'i,
ev KaXrjL jBi^crarii, fxeyav olCov apyevvdcov,

<TTadfj,oviyvi']ei{' Tap. /,, M'lr.
585. oi dH TOi 111' iji /.ijts. tV. Mo.sc. •
.")81. Zlmi.'s reading toi-s for ton is dance is emphatically Cretan. Kven
]>erhaiis preferable better woulil be;
still apart from the e.vplit'it words ol' ri91-92,
Tw. The interposition of the sing. the scholia tell us tliat the KViiiaTrjTrjpe
Tavpov 6 Sd makes corruption easy.
. .
(604) and the armed dance were peculiarly
583. For Xaq>ucceTON as an impcrf. Cretan institutions. It has been con-
see on K 3(34. lidently concluded that the whole episode
'584. CNîecaN. tarred on the dogs, 590-605 is an interpolation by a Cretan
from Sir]ui, which is elsewhere found only poet. To me it seems that, though this
in mid. bucrdai to chase (M 27t), II 24(3, cannot be refuted, the evidence is quite
«tc. )OY drive (O 681), and pass, to flee, insufficient to enable us to assert it.
M 304, 475. ^ Agar's ivvk<Tav (from There is no doubt tliat Crete was to the
iv-'iriixi) is no doubt possible (ef. S 131)
Greeks jjre-eminently the liome of the
but needless. The lengthening would dance, especially of the war-dance. For
be excused by metrical necessity, ef. this, in addition to 11 617, we may quote
iuveffirjicri (J. P. XXV. 48). the dances of the Koiybantes, the state-
585. doKeeiN jueN. 'as for biting,' they ment of the scholiast on Pindar /'. ii.
avoided tiie lions. For this vague notion 69 that the hyporcheme was of Cretan
of reference in the iufin. see H. G. origin. Soph. At. 700 Xi'o-to KvJjtn' opxv-
5? 231. There is no trace here in tlie mss. fxara and still more explicitly Luciau
of the probably original d-n-eTpo-irdoi'To irepi opx- 8. It is reasonable therelbre
(see on O 666). to suppose that a poet describing a
Hi tres versus eiubleuiati primitive dance would by preference lend
'
587-89.
aliunde illato perquam similes sunt ;
it Cretan characters. It must further
sunt nimis nudi et ieiuni post superiores be remembered that Crete was to early
tantopere ornatos,' Ileyne ; a remark Greece far more characteristically national
with which it is hard not to sympathize. and imiiortant than in historical times.
The position of jaeroN is veiy unusual : We are just learning (1901) to regard
diW fiAyav, Heyiie. CTaeJuoi seems to be Knosos as the very focus of early culture
'
a general name like the modern 'sheep- in the
'
Mykenaean period and the :
station,' including both the kXiciqi, huts piominence of Crete tends to lead us as
for the shepherds, and CHKoi. folds for much to an early jieriod as to any
the sheep. Note the unusual position thought of late interpolation. AVe ni\ist
of iSe (see on V 318). indeed recognize that 591-92 are unique
590. The descrii)tion of the dance in the Shield for their local and mytho-
stands apart from tiie rest of the Sliield logical allusion. If this is taken as a
notably in one respect— that while the ground for suspicion, as no doubt it may
previous descriptions shew no local, and reasonal)ly be, it can apjdy to these two
liardly even a Hellenic, colouring, the lines only, not to what follows.
Ton 'iKeXov olov ttot ivl Kvcoctmi eupeLrjt

AatSaXo'i i](TKrjaev KaWnrXoKa/xcoL 'AptdSv7]o.
evda fiev rjiOeoi koI irapdevoi, a\<êail3oiaL
eirl
wp-yevvT, dWrjXwv KapirMi %ei/3a? e'XpvTe<i.
t6)v S' al ixev \e7rrd<; odova^ ^'x^z', ol 8e ^troivwi 595
e7ar ivvvr^rov^, rjKa ar'iXôvra^ eXaicot-

Kttl al p.ev Ka\d<; arecpdva'i e'ôv, ol Se fia'âi.pa'i
p
elyov ypvaeLa'i i^ dpyvpecov reXa/xwvwv.
ol 8' ore fiev OpeâaKov eTrLO-ra/jievoiai TroSeaat
591. KNCOCcb(l) ACQ :

KNCoccco(i) a. 592. dpidHXHi ? Zen. (see below i.
594. opxeOr' Q. j
eni : gni H. 1
exoucai Atheii. iv. 181. 595. Xenxdc :
iv dWujL KaXdc A. 596. eiar' :

eFxoN J Eust. 597-98 dd. Ar. : om. Aph.
(? see Liulwich). 597. CTe<pdN0uc S.
591. A few critics, ancient and modern, price for their parents. dXepdveiv is
have been scandalized that a god should always used in H. of a human chattel
imitate a mortal's work though this is — '
realising a price
'
$ 79, o 453, v 383.
;
evidently not involved in the words. For the form cf. II. G. % 124: c.
Some went so far as to put a full stop 595. Both oedNQi and x'twnec seem
at tlie end of 590, and read olov for oTon, to be words of foreign origin the former ;
the only thing ever made was perhaps = Heb. !"?;».?;- (Prov. vii. 16, transl.
'
like it
the dancing-Uoor ofDaidalos.' For the 'fine linen'), the latter = Heb. k'thonrth.
nature of this dancing-floor or labyrinth kuttnncth, 'tunic,' though it is very
see App. I, g§ 21-22. doubtful if either of these is really
592. About the birth of the Daidalos- Semitic. (See 0. Schrader Handelsg. ji.
legend we know nothing. It comes to 192, Studniczka p. 15.) odovri recurs in
us almost entirely through Athenian r 141, 7? 107, and rarely in later Greek.
sources even in X 321-25 Ariadne is
;
Both words appear to have denoted line'ii
found in connexion with Theseus but ; garments.

we hear of her also at Delos and Naxos 596. It seems clear that oil was netually
in a way which seems to shew that she used for giving clothes a gloss see -q 107 ;
was a local goddess in the islands, pre- Kaipoaeuv 5' odoviwv diroXeiperai. vypbv
sumably a nature-goddess. In Cyprus 'iXaiov, and the commentators there. It
she was conncMjted with Aphrodite. But is said that a similar process is still used
nothing of all this appears here. The in some i)nrts of

Germany (Studniczka
name 'Apid^NH seems to be Cretan for p. 49). HKQ adapts ffTikôvres to the
'Aptdyvrj {ddvov dyvov, KpfjTes Hesych.). idea of 'gloss' as opposed to literal
She was also known there as 'AptOTjXa, '.sparkling.' eXaicoi has often been taken
'
which "VVilamowitz has ingeniously re- to mean
'
shining as though with oil

stored in ]il;iee of the 'AptijSj'ijt attributed (so Ar. &TL eWeivei rb ws), but such an
to Zen. liy Ikkker's conjectural emenda- even if possible, is not
inter[)retation,
tion of the dpi-qdrjL of A, apirrjOTji of T.
necessary.
593. "With this dance of youths and 597-98. ddeTovvTai ol Svo, oti ovdiirore
maidens compare the interesting descrip- fxaxo-Lpav elire rb î<pos. &X\u>s re Kal oil
tion of the dance called opfios in Lucian odrot
jrpliTov xopeiWras /maxaipas
'
^X^'-"-
Trepl opx- §§ 12-13
de op/xos 6pxv<îs
: 6 8i ovdeirapd ApidTOtpdvei Tjcrav, An.
(<TTi KoiPT] icp-qjiuv re kol Neither of these arguments carries weight.
Trapdivwv, Trap
iva xopei'OVTwv Kal ws dXijdQs 6p/j.u}i (olkS- When the poet says knives (daggers)
ruv Kal -qyeiTai /xiv 6 ^(pyjôs rd veaviKa there no reason why he should mean
is
SpxcifJ-evos Kal 6'crois vcrrepov iv TroX^ytico: stvords and where dances are an acting
;
XPVireTai., irapdevos be eireTai Koafxiws rb

-r] of war-scenes (see the quot. from Lucian
OrjXv xopfi'ifi" SLOdcTKovcra, kt\. ciX9ed- above) the carrying of arms is essential
Boiai, 'earning oxen' as gSca or bride- to them.
lAIAAOC C (Will) :j 1 -y
peta fitiX" , (09 ore rts"

rpo-ôv lipfxevov eV TraXu/xTjccnu 600
€^6fX€V0'i ireip/jaeTai, at kg derjicriv

Kepafxev
TToWo'i l[xep6evTa 8'

x^P^^ Trepiiarad^ o/j.iXo'i 603
r€p7rup,evoi' Bolo) Be Kv/dicTTTjTi'jpe kut avTOv<; 604—5
/xuXirPjî e^dpxovr€<; ihlvevov Kara /jLecrcrovi.
601. aV Kc ee\Hici(N) PR Pap. i k, Vr. (1, llarl. a (k' te.). 603. noXXoN ('in*.
604-05. W'oll'. ;it'lcr Atlu'iiaios (seo linlow), rc;iils
TCpnoueNOi* jmeTa 5e C91N eueXneTO oeToc aoi&bc 604

{popjuizcoN, 5oicb be. KuBicTHTHpe kqt' auTouc 605
uoXrhc ezapyoNTOc ebiNcuoN Kara ueccouc. 60G
I
TepnojucNOC .Mor. Atlieii. KuBicTHpec r. Kae' auTouc Dioiloros 6
Apicrroipdi'fi.os up. Atlieii. I.e. 606. eEopxoNTe
600. Remains of early Greek pottery The one argimiiMit wliich might sit-ni lu
shew tliat the potter's wheel was known justify Athenaios
—
that Ar. denied to
in prae-Mykenaean times, ami was a /x^Xwecrdai and ixoKwf] the sense of mv.sic
very aiieient invention to the oldest (see
—
on N 637) he has himself excluded
Epic poets. The attribution of it to by the further assertion that Ar. not
Anachar.sis is the baseless figment of a only expunged the line here, but inter-
later age, as Strabo himself clearly saw, polated it in All this is in glaring
5.
vii. p. .303. apjueNON €n naXdjuHici go contradiction not only to all that we

together, as e 'I'-M. know of Ar.'s method, but to the abun-
601. neipHcerai with direct ace. is dant evidence of the slight etfect which
unique, tliough the cognate ace. is some- his athete.«es had upon the text. It is
times found, e.g. 5 119 and compare 6 23 of course quite possible that the line
a^dXovi, Tovs âii]Kfs eirup-qaavT '05v(Tr)os. may have been found in some of the
See also note on M 47 crri'xas avopCov old erratic copies which we have learnt
ireiprqTLûv. The approjniateness of tlie to know through
the earliest ]iapyri, and
comparison to lines of dancers wheeling which were evidently dear to archaeo-
round along the concentric circles of the logists such as Athenaios and Plutarch
labyrinth is very striking. It appears (who makes a precisely similar statement
that from time to time the dancers leave on I 458 ff. ) as these were doubtless
;
the maze and dance in long lines opposite banisheil through the influence of the
one another (cni cTixac, u.sed elsewhere Alexandrian school, in a sense Ar. may
'
onlj' of soldiers). be said to have lemoved' the line but ;
604-05. TcpnoucNoi, construction a<l there is no ground for sup])Osing that it

scnsuni. H. Lf. § 169. After xepnojueNOi ever stood in a recognized text. Did.
edd. since Wolf have all inserted, a line knows nothing of it, nor does Lucian
from 17 juerd. 5^ (T(piv i/xeXirero deios Trept bpx- 13; tovs opxv'^Tdi tovs 8vo, oes
aoidbs (pop/j.ifoji', and liavc therefore been
I
€K6l 6 TTOtTjTrjj KvfiLffTrjTrjpas KaXel, 17701'-
obliged to change esdpxoNTec to i^dpxov- fxevovs TOV xopov shews he read e^dpxovT€$.
Tos. This is done on the authority of Further, the participle e^dpxovTos in the
'
Athenaios (v. 181 c), 6 5' Apiarapxos . .

gen. absol. without a noun agreeing with
Tov KpTjTiKoO x°P°^ '"0'' <j}i.8bv i^flXev, it is very doubtful in H. A 458 is the ;
fTriTefj.(l)v TO. TTOirjfiaTa rbv Tpbirov tovtov,

" only other case, and there Zen. read ou
"
TToXXos . .
TepTr6,a(vos . .
/xeacrovs (as for oi. The text as it stands is (juite
text), dviarou yivecrdai wavrdTracn to
Cbcrr' intelligil)ie the KuBicTHTftpc are two
;
"
e^dpxovres," firjKeTi dvva,u(vris ttjs €Tri 'leaders,"perhaps protissinual pn.sturers
rbv (Jbtdbf di'a<popd^ ffibêadai. Ludwich and tumblers, who go tlirough a liramatic
has shewn that this evidence is absolutely performance to which the youths and
worthless. It is on a par with the nniidens dance a sort of accompaniment.
statement of Alexander of Kotyaia (T Compare Bent's description of modern
'
77) that Ar. 'interpolated' a line which Greek dances (The Cijckidrs p. 246) . .
we hajipen to know was read by Apli. the syrtos, a wavy line of live or six
eV 5' irlOei, TrorafMOio fjbeya cr$€VO<i ^flKeavoio

dvTvya Trap TTUfidriji' craKeo's irvKa ttoltitoIo.
avrap eirel hrj revê crdKoq fMeja re cmâpov re,
610
rev^^ apa ol Ocop-qKa (jiaeivorepov irvpo'i avyrj^,
reuê Be ol KopvOa /3ptap7]v, KpoTd(f)Ot^ dpapvlav,
Ka\-i]v haihaXeip, eirl he '^pvcreov \o(f>ov rJKe,
revê Se oi Kvrijxlha'^ eavov KaacnrepoLO.
avrap eirel TrdvO oirXa Kdfie K\vTO}o9 dfJK€ TTpoirdpotdev deipa<i.
7]
8' ipt}^ w? aXro Kar OvXv/xttov vt(f)oevTO'i
revyea fiapfialpovTa irap' W<âL(TTOLO (fiepovaa.
607. he, Tieei .1. 610. eobpaKa P. || auPHC : outhc H. 611. Kopuea :
KUNEHN G. il
BpiapHN oiii. PR: Bapi/N Lip.'i. 614. enei 9h Pap. i. 616. e'
YpHs Pap. L {stipr. 9). !i
ouXunou Pap. t : oOXuJunoio T. !|
Nei<poeNToc (or
NH9oeNToc ?) Pap. t^ 617. xeuxea Kakh 9epouca nap' H9aicToio qnoktoc HJ
(H9aicToi) T Pa}), t, fr. Mo.sc. Vr. b A, Par. h, yp. A Harl. a.
women, liand in hand, and led by a is right (App. B, iii. 2) the summary ;
pocket-handkerchief by one man, whose way in which so important a piece of

acrobatic executions were wonderful to the panoply is dismissed certainly gives
behold. Then there was the rapid dance ground for suspicion. We must then
performed by rows of men with their read reOf apa for reOsc be in 611.
arms round each others' shoulders, four 613. KQCciTepoio, see note on A 24.
steps backwards, four forwards, with The difficulty involved in the use of so
pointed toe, first slowly, with the pace soft a metal as tin, and emphasized by
increased till I was almost dazzled by its the adj. eaNoO pliant, has been removed
rapidity.' These dances may be seen by Reichel's remark (see App. B, ii. 1)
every Easter Tuesday at IMegara, and that the are really gaiters de-
KPrj/judes
seem to be among the most ancient signed to save the .shin from injury
survivals in modern Greece. The read- — against the edge of the shield, not
ing of H, e^dpxovTe, is likely to be right. from missiles.
608. QNTura ndp nuudxHN, 614. For the use, very rare in H., of
running
along the extreme edge. Okeanos sur- =
bnKa arms see note on 55. It has
rounds tJie pictured as he surrounds the been observed that, to our notions at
real world.
least, it seems strange of Thetis to
610 must be a later addition, if Reichel depart without a word of thanks.

Leaf, W. - Commentary On The Iliad PDF

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THE ILIAD

EDITED, WITH APPARATUS CRITICUS, PROLEGOMENA

WALTER LEAF, Litt.D.

All risrhts resen'ed

is one of the most varied and interesting

300, 429, 591-92) ; but they are not such as to

bringing in of Patroklos' body in 148-64 knows nothing of P 722 ff., where

The answerto such a (juestion must of course be purely hypothetical.

243-353. Of these the third has probably sustained serious interpolation ;

if it is condemned entirely, we shall have to do the same Avith part of

Hector's monologue in X 100 tt'.,

retained, we must suppose that the Trojan assemlily followed originally on a

ft)9 01 fiev fidpvavTo hejJbm 7rvpo<i aWo/xevoto,

fxi] h-q iioi reXeacocn Oeol KaKa K-qhea OvpuSyt,

W9 TTore fxoL /cai [xol eeiire

eniKXoNeouci Cuut. 8. TeXeojci J Eust. teX^hici ee6c).

yivpfjbtBoj'foi^ Tor upiarov tTi ^coovto^ cfxeio 10

^epcrlv vTTo Tpcocjv \eL^p^ell' (fiua<; i)€\loio.

01 i'yyvdev yXdev dyavov vi6<i

^/v/xvov' uTap rd ye rev-^e 6%et KopvOaLoXo<i "KKTcop.'^

^(evaTO KaK Kec^aXrj's, '^apiev 8' ijca^vve irpodwirov

veKTapeoii Se -^LTOivi fxeXaLv dfx(J3L^av€ recppi]. 25

Ttipl TT)V T4(ppav).

that it is a genuine variant. It is, on this does not suit P

avrb^i S' iv Koviijicrc fieywi /jLeyaXoxTTi ravvaOei'^

Bficoal S' a? 'A;i^tXei'9 Xrjtaaaro UdrpoKXo^ re

'AvTtkoyo^ 8' erepcoOev oBvpero BuKpva Xei^cov,

27. 9iXHlCl be. :

dnauHccie Ar. T. 35.

auoeJudxoNTO J [yp. 6u9arepoNTo).

aKTjxeSaTai, P 637. dira/xriaeLe. latter regularly means

practically unknown to the Iliad, tools

TTciaat, uaat Kara /Sevdo'i dXo>i X/;/3?;i'Se9 ^)crai'.

€v6 dp^ erjv rXavK7] re HaXeia re Kv/j,oSukt] re,

y^Tja-airj ^Tretcu re Ho/; 0' Wu] re f3oo)7ri<i, 40

Ae^«/LieV?; re Kal AfKpivofiT) Kal KaWiuveipa,

yialpa Kal VlpeidvLa ev'7r\uKa/j,6<i r A/jidduca,

ar)}dea ireirXi'jyovro, ©exi? S ^^WX^ yooio'

39-49 d0. Zen. Ar. 6 Oe KaWiVrparo? ovoi iv rrji 'Ap-/o\iKiji

meaningless we should perhaps read

eTTLTTpoeijKa KopwvicxLV "Wlov elaoi

ottI fiiv 'Uero irevdo^ drro TrroXe/xoco ^evovra.

59 60 om. Q. 59. auGic C. 61. zco(i)h{i) CJT. 62. xpa'C^HNQ' J- II

\bu> .1 : Vaoiui 12 (incl. A). 64. nin Pap. i\ 66. C9ICI :

QKTHN a' .1. !

YluTpoKXo'i, TOP eyu> irepi ttuvtwv rlov kraipciyv,

i}p,aTC ro)L ore ae /Bporov dvepa efi^aXov evpPjc. 85

vvv 8 , iva Kal aol 7revOo<; ivl ^peal p^vplov eh]

^(oeiv ovS avSpeacTC p.eTep.p,evai, ul /ce /i?; EKTcop

YlaTpoKXoio S eXcopa yievoiridSa dTToriarji.

rrjv Be piky o'ydi)(ja<^ 7rpocre(f)rj 7ro8a? u>ku<; A^^Weu?

dnoTicei H. 94. dWcoi ton S' HJueiBeT* eneiTo A.

physical idea ofi'weiv the ethical play my

eirafivvai- 6 fiev /xaXa Tr]\60i ircLTpri^

ovBe Tt UaTp6K\(oi ryevo/MVV ^"09 ot-S' erdpoiat

0)9 eK re BeCov etc r tivOpcaiTwv inroXoiro,

8 noXu 9i\TaToc eckcn Aischiiies i&iVZ. 100. ^uoTo OP.

U. 101. b' om. G. 104.

NHuci KopwNiciN axeoc Plato Apol. 28 b. 105. oToc o,u. P. 107. ?K T :

Kai Aristotle Eth. Eud. vii. 1.

form, unknown to Attic as well as to H. Knight and Heyne reject 105-06 so ;

Tr)v iiirjv d(p€\6fjLevos TrafowXiav ioriaev, confusion.

Kal )^o\o'i, o'i r e<f>er]K€ 7ro\v(f)poi>u irep )(^a\€7ri)vai,