Long Term Evolution

Aji Setokyo
Aswin Tresna Nugraha
Gradi Adriandi
Lelianto Eko Pradana
Meidyawati Virginia Hidayat
 The ITU-R set standards for 4G connectivity in
March of 2008, requiring all services described as
4G to adhere to a set of speed and connection
standards.

What is 4G? For mobile use, including smartphones and

tablets, connection speeds need to have a peak of at
least 100 megabits per second, and for more
stationary uses such as mobile hotspots, at least 1
gigabit per second.
Plus and Minus of 4G

Advantages Disadvantages
• Facilitates advanced antenna tech. such • Optimal for data rates, but not necessarily
multiplexing, etc. the best for voice.
• Possible to avoid interference for • More battery usage.
multi-user cellular.
• Needs complex hardware.
• IP based mobile system.
• Seemless switching.
What is LTE?

LTE (Long Term Evolution) is the project name given to development of a high performance air
interface for cellular mobile communication systems. It is the last step toward the 4th generation
(4G) of radio technologies designed to increase the capacity and speed of mobile telephone
networks.
 LTE Targets
● Mobility
● Packet-Domain-Services only ● Multimedia broadcast & multicast
● Higher peak data rate or ser throughput
services
100 Mbps DL/50 Mbps UL @20MHz bandwidth
● Reduced delay/latency ● Spectrum flexibility
Latency<5ms ● Multi-antennas configuration
● Improved spectrum efficiency Up to 200 ● Coverage
active users in a cell @5MHz bandwidth Up to 30 Km
 Reduced cost per bit
Increased service provisioning – more services at lower cost with better user
experience
Flexibility of use of existing and new frequency bands
Simplified architecture, Open interfaces
Allow for reasonable terminal power consumption
LTE has introduced a number of
new technologies:

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency

Division Multiplex)

MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple

Output)

SAE (System Architecture

Evolution)
 OFDM technology has been incorporated
OFDM (Orthogonal into LTE because it enables high data
Frequency Division bandwidths to be transmitted efficiently

Multiplex) while still providing a high degree of

resilience to reflections and interference.
 One of the main problems that previous
telecommunications systems have
encountered is that of multiple signals

MIMO (Multiple Input arising from the many reflections that are
encountered in antenna deployments.
Multiple Output) By using MIMO, these additional signal
paths can be used to advantage and are
able to be used to increase the
throughput.
 System Architecture Evolution (SAE) is
the core network architecture of 3GPP's
LTE wireless communication standard.
SAE is the evolution of the GPRS Core

SAE (System Network, with some differences:

Architecture ●

●
simplified architecture
support for higher throughput and
Evolution) lower latency radio access
networks (RANs)
● support for, and mobility between,
multiple heterogeneous access
networks,
Network Evolution Mobile network has evolved by rapid adoption of new technologies, and

History
LTE-based evolution is on-going to offer top-class services continuously in the
era of data explosion.
LTE Requirements
● Peak data rate
100 Mbps DL/ 50 Mbps UL within 20 MHz bandwidth (DL : 5bps/Hz, UL : 2.5bps/Hz, 2x2
MIMO default)
● Capacity
Up to 200 active users in a cell (5 MHz)
● Latency
Less than 100 ms
● Mobility
Optimized for 0 ~ 15 km/h, 15 ~ 120 km/h supported with high performance
Supported up to 350 km/h or even up to 500 km/h
● Handover
Hard Handover
● Spectrum
Flexibility: 1.4 , 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 MHz
● User Equipment
Support up to 20 MHz