0 Dynamics of Structures 2015 Santaoja 0.

0 Dynamics of Structures 2015

Content of the course (preliminary plan)

1. Dynamics of structures having one degree of freedom (Ch. 1, 2 & 3)

(a) Introduction to vibration and the free response (2 lectures)

(b) Response to harmonic excitation (2 lectures)

(c) General forced response (1 lecture)

First midterm examination

2. Dynamics of structures having multi degree of freedom (Ch. 4)

(a) Multiple degree of freedom systems (2 lectures)

3. Suppression of vibration (Ch. 5)

(a) Design for vibration suppression (1 lecture)

4. Dynamics of continuous systems (Ch. 6)

(a) Distributed-parameter systems (2 lectures)

Second midterm examination & examination

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A) Vibrations can be harmful

1. Vibrations of structures can lead to a failure of structures

Fatigue.
Stresses, strains, displacements or accelerations can take too high values.

2. Vibrations are uncomfortable

Motorcycle handles (does not cover Harley-Davidson)

3. Rotating machines

4. Earthquakes

B) Vibrations can be helpful

1. Conveyors (Kuljettimet)

2. Sieves (Seulat)

3. Instruments (Soittimet)
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Tacoma Narrows Bridge

Opening day
July 1, 1940

Last day
November 7, 1940

Puget Sound, Washington, USA.

The length of the bridge was 854 m and its width was 11.9 m.
It was called Galloping Gertie (laukkaava Gertie), since it was so flexible.
During the failure the wind speed was about 17-20 m/s.
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Vibrations of motorcycles

Handles (kahvat) and foot rests (jalkatapit) vibrate due to excitations of motor.

The amplitude of vibration depends on:

Natural frequency (ominaistaajuus) of different parts of the motorcycle.
Excitations of the motor. (heräte)
Unbalance of carburettors (kaasutin)
Ignition timing (sytytyksen ajoitus)
Valve timing (venttiilien säätö)
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Concept of degree of freedom

1 degree of freedom

2 degrees of freedom

3 degrees of freedom