Dr. Mhuggz V.

Gatdula 1

CHAPTER II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

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 Contents of Chapter II
2

 Review of Related Literature & Studies

 Research Paradigm / Conceptual Framework
 Definition of Terms

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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

AND STUDIES

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 What is a Review of Related Literature?
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 There are two kinds of literature – research and

conceptual literature.
 Research Literature refers to publish reports of
actual research studies done previously.
 Conceptual Literature- consists of articles or books
written by authorities giving their opinions,
experiences, theories or ideas of what is good and
bad, desirable and undesirable within the problem
area.

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 What are the Importance of Review of
Related Literature?
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• Serves as a source of research problems which can be gathered from existing studies

• Establishes the need/significance/justification in conducting the present study.

• Provides a historical background/perspective about the study.

• Serves as a basis for the development of the theoretical/conceptual framework.

• Avoids the unnecessary duplication of selecting a research problem which has been
done before.

• Helps to give more focus, direction, and clarity to the study.

• Familiarized the reader with previous studies done related to the present topic.

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 What are the guidelines in undertaking an
adequate related literature survey?
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1. Identify the relevant data sources

2. Develop a systematic procedure

and note-taking skill in collecting
literature survey data

3. Write a concise review of related

literature.

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adequate related literature survey?
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1. Identify the relevant data sources.

 It is important for you to understand the significance of various
formats so that you know what will best suit your information
requirements.
 Data may obtain from:
 Books
 Reference Materials
 Journals
 Conference Papers
 Dissertations
 Internet
 Indexes/Abstracts Printed
 Electronic Databases
 Government publications
 Theses

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 What are the guidelines in undertaking an
adequate related literature survey?
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2. Develop a systematic procedure and note-taking

skill in collecting literature survey data.

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 What are the guidelines in undertaking an
adequate related literature survey?
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3. Write a concise review of related literature.

Source:
http://www.ehow.com/how
_2046074_write-literature-
review.html

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 Examples (Excerpt – Review of Related
Literature)
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 Examples (Excerpt – Review of Related
Literature)
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 Examples (Excerpt – Review of Related
Literature)
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 13

RESEARCH PARADIGM OR
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

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 INPUT
Knowledge Requirements
PROCESS OUTPUT
Cellphone Technology Planning
Internet Software Development
Programming Languages
Communication Requirements Electronic
Databasing Analysis
Software Requirements Design
Information Bulletin
Coding Board for Local
Testing
Proton IDE, PICALL, Html
Acceptance
Government Units
Php, J2ME,Javascript, MySql
Windows OS Hardware Development

Hardware Requirements Prototyping

GSM Module Integration of Software and Hardware

LED matrix Testing

Cellphone
Maintenance

Evaluation

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The inputs necessary for the development of E-infoboard are basically divided into
three categories namely: knowledge requirements, software requirements and hardware
requirements. In order to accomplish the study, one’s should know what cellphone is all about,
internet, different programming languages available, communication and databasing. The
different software requirements should also be completed like the required operating system,
Visual Basic, Structured Query Language and Wireless Markedup Language. The Hardware
part should also present like the Server, cellphone and GSM Module. All the aforementioned
terms will be discussed vis-a-vis.
The process by which the software is to be developed consists of defined procedures
such as requirements analysis, design, coding, testing, acceptance. Prototyping will be utilized
with the hardware part.
The output referred to in this research is the proposed Electronic Information Bulletin
Board for Local Government Units.
This represents the steps in the development of E-infoboard. The study must
characterize the proposed device or system and site the possible problems which may
encounter in the development of the project. When all the process is done, the working plan
should be carefully follow and this lead to the development of the project. Testing and
evaluation should be done to determine whether the specified goals and objectives are met
by the system and doing necessary modifications if needed.

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OPERATIONAL DEFINITION

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 Operational Definition
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 Provides more clarity and measurability of the

research concepts

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 Operational Definition vs Theoretical
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Definition
 An operational definition (OD) gives communicable
meaning to a concept by specifying how the
concept is measured and applied within a particular
set of circumstances.
 A theoretical (or conceptual) definition gives the
meaning of a word in terms of the theories of a
specific discipline.

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Definition (Examples)
 Mobile Phone- A mobile phone (also known as
a cellular phone, cell phone and a hand phone) is
a device that can make and receive telephone
calls over a radio link while moving around a wide
geographic area.
 Mobile Phone – a portable telephone that the
citizen must use to receive announcement from the
system.

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Definition (Examples)

 Local Government Unit – An administrative and

political government unit subsidiary to the national
government which could itself consist of sub-units as
in the case of a province or a municipality.

 Local Government Unit- a government unit that

will benefit from the study such as a municipality.

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Definition (Examples)
 Server - a computer unit where the system will be installed.
 Server - A Server is a computer that provides services used
by other computers. For example a web server serves up
web pages.

 SMS – Short Messaging System, an easiest way to inform

easily the citizen in a community using mobile phones.
 Short Message Service (SMS) is a text messaging service
component of phone, web, or mobile communication systems,
using standardized communications protocols that allow the
exchange of short text messages between fixed
line or mobile phone devices.

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Definition (Examples)
 VB.net - primarily the authoring tool used in
developing the system
 VB.net- Visual Basic .NET (VB.NET or VB .NET) is a
version of Microsoft's Visual Basic that was designed
to make Web services applications easier to
develop.

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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY

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 CHAPTER III Methodology
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 Project / Research Design

 Project Development
 Operation and Testing Procedure
 Instruments and Techniques Used
 Evaluation Procedure
 Evaluation Criteria

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 Project Research Design

A detailed outline of how an investigation will take place. A
research design will typically include how data is to be
collected, what instruments will be employed, how the
instruments will be used and the intended means for analyzing
data collected.
 Developmental research is the study of developing, designing and
then evaluating instructional processes, programs and products,
according to the Education Resources Information Center.

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 Project Development
Detailed discussions of the different
processes/phases you undertake that will lead
to the development of the project. Discuss here
your IPO diagram under the conceptual
framework in chapter II.

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 Evaluation Procedure
Explain here how your project will be evaluated.
Identify the respondents who will evaluate the
system.

 Evaluation Criteria
Discuss here the evaluation criteria that you will use
to evaluate the develop system/project.

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 Instruments and Techniques Used

Presents here the evaluation criteria/instrument that
you will use, how the evaluation will be conducted
and what statistical treatment will be applied on
the gathered data/responses.

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