Evolution of Police Organization and Functions

PRESENTED BY:
“Success is the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Robert Collier
SCOPE OF THE REVIEW
• HISTORICAL OVERVIEW
• THEORIES AND CONCEPT
• PRINCIPLES OF POL. ORG.
• POLICE FUNCTIONS
• THE PNP ORGANIZATION
• DISCIPLINARY MECHANISM
• NAPOLCOM
How did the term “Police” evolved?
Greek = Politeia = group that governs the
city
 Roman = Politia = condition of state
French = Police = law enforcer
Police – Policeman – Law Enforcement Agency

WHAT IS MEANT BY THE TERM
“POLICE”?
agency of a community or
government that is responsible
for enforcing the law,
maintaining public order, and
preventing and detecting crime.
In the very broadest sense
 the term POLICE refers to the internal

organization or regulation of the state, the
control and regulation of the community or state
through the exercise of the constitutional power
of the government.
In a narrower sense
 POLICE denotes the constitutionally created

agency that exercises the power of the
government concerning the maintenance of
tranquility, public order, peace, security of
persons and property and the protection of
public health and morale.
Organization
• an association or group of individuals with

a common goal. It is the structural of
individuals and functions into a productive
relationship.
Police Organization
• a structured group of trained personnel in

the field of public safety administration
engaged in the achievement of goals and
objectives.
OTHER DEFINITION OF TERMS
• POLICE MANAGEMENT – the art or manner of
administering, controlling, or handling all the various
aspects of the police organization
• POLICE ADMINISTRATION – basically an

organizational process concerned with the
implementation of objectives and plans, and internal
operating efficiency of the police organization
• POLICE POWER – the power of a government to

impose what it considers reasonable restrictions on the
liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order
and safety
• POLICE FUNCTIONS – duties and responsibilities
explicitly carried out by police agencies to meet the
demands concerning public order and public safety
• POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY – the inherent

responsibility of the police organization to be answerable
for the misconducts committed by its members
• LENGTH OF SERVICE - the period of time that has

elapsed since the oath of office was administered to an
officer; previous active services maybe included or
added
• ON-DUTY - the period when an officer is actively

engaged in the performance of his duty; also called
ACTIVE DUTY
• SPECIAL DUTY - in the police service, it is the
form of duty requiring an officer to be excused
from the performance of his active regular duty
• OFF-DUTY - the nature of which the police

officer is free from specific routine duty
• LEAVE OF ABSENCE - a specified period

during which an officer is excused from active
duty or direct participation in police work
• SICK LEAVE - a period wherein an officer is

excused from active duty by reason of illness or
injury
• SUSPENSION - a consequence of an act that
temporarily deprives an officer from the privilege of
performing his duties as result of violating a directive
or other departmental regulation
• DEPARTMENTAL RULES/POLICIES - rules

established by the police department
directors/administrators to control the conduct of the
members of the police force
• DUTY MANUAL - a book of instruction that describes

the procedures and defines the duties of officers
assigned to a specified post or position
CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE
OFFICERS
• SWORN OFFICER - personnel of the police department who took
his oath of office and thus posses the power to arrest
• SUPERIOR OFFICER – a police officer having supervisory

responsibilities (either temporary or permanent) over an officer of
lower rank
• SUBORDINATE - an officer belonging to the lower or inferior rank
• COMMANDING OFFICER – a police officer in command of a

police department, bureau, division, district, or area/station
• RANKING OFFICER – a police officer having
the most senior/highest rank in a unit or group
of police officers
• COMMISSIONED OFFICER (PCO) – a police

officer with a rank of Police Inspector and higher
• NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER (PNCO) – a

police officer with a rank of Senior Police Officer
IV and lower
HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
Anglo-Saxon Period (Ancient
England) - 600- 1066 AD
a. FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM- also known
as Mutual pledge. Male over 12 years old
join nine(9) of his neighbours to form a
TYTHINGMEN- a group of men whose
duty was to apprehend any person who
offends another and deliver that offender
for trial.
(King Alfred, 849–899 = “Thanes” system)
b. TUN POLICING- Tun was the forerunner
of the word “town”. Under this system, all
male residents were required to guard the
town to preserve peace and order, protect
life and properties of the people and other
factors that develop disturbances the peace
and order.
c. HUE AND CRY- the complainant or victim
goes to the middle of the community and
shout to call all male residents to assemble.
The victim reports the complaint to the
assembly. Subsequently, all male residents
will go after the criminal and apprehend
them.
d. TRIAL BY ORDEAL- a suspect was
required to place his hands over boiling
water or oil. If he would not get hurt, he will
be acquitted but when hurt, he would be
considered guilty. Double jeopardy was
prevalent during this time.
e. ROYAL JUDGE SYSTEM- the royal
judge conducted criminal investigation and
give punishment fitted to the crime
committed. This practice started the
identification of criminal.
Norman Period (1066-1285)
a. SHIRE-REEVE SYSTEM- KING
WILLIAM NORMAN- he divided his
kingdom into 55 military districts known as
the SHIRE REEVES. SHIRE means district
while REEVE means ruler who made laws,
pass judgment and impose punishment, he
was assisted by the group of constables, the
forerunner of the constabulary.
• The term shire reeve eventually becomes
sheriff, the title of the chief of constables
or police officers in a certain town.
TRAVELLING JUDGE was held
responsible in deciding cases that were
taken from SHIRE REEVES because of
some abuses.
Other Significant Development
Court of the TOURN
– Composed of 12 tythingmen
– Settles a range of cases, more often petty offenses
and civil matters.
Court LEET
– Handle purely local legal matters and petty village
nuisance
– Headed by the “Comes Stable” appointed by the King
but work under local officials
– Later became “Constable”
b. LEGIS HENRIE- this law was enhanced
during the time of King Henrie1which
imposed the following features;
Law violations were classified as offenses

against the king
Policemen became Public officials
The police and the citizens have the broad
power to arrest
Grand jury was created to inquire the facts
of the law
c. KEEPERS OF THE PEACE- 1195- KING
RICHARD of England- requiring the
appointment of knights to keep the king’s
peace by standing as guards on bridges and
gates while checking the people entering
and leaving the cities in towns.
d. on June 15, 1215, MAGNA CARTA (GREAT
CHARTER) was sealed by King John of
England; this became a law upon the demand of
the Knights of the Round Table. The knights forced
john to sign the document which declared the ff:
No Freemen shall be taken or imprisoned,

disposed outlawed, or bowed except upon legal
judgment of his peers.
No one should be tried for murder except there is
proof of the body of the victim.
There should be national and local government as
well as the national and local legislation
Westminster Period (1285-1500)
a.STATUTE OF WINCHESTER (1285) was
enacted for law and order. This introduced
the system of WATCH AND WARD. English
towns were required to maintain a watch of
up to sixteen men.
b.STATUTE OF 1295 was enacted, which
began the closing of the gates of London
during sunset. This started the observation
of curfew hours.
c. JUSTICE OF PEACE was a position
given to a respected citizen, who has the
power to arrest, pursue, and imprison the
offenders.
d. STAR CHAMBER COURT was

established as special court that tried
offenders against the state.
Developments in Policing System
during the Modern Period (17th-
19th Century) in England
1. NIGHTWATCHMEN OR BELLMEN-
1663- this law was passed by King
CHARLES II of England to be on duty from
sunrise to sunset.
2. BOWSTREET RUNNERS (THIEF
CATHERS)-1784- A Chief Magistrate in
London named HENRY FIELDING as the
organizer. Later, Formed BOW STREET
HORSE PATROL whose duty was to patrol
the main roads thus secure the travellers
from highwaymen of highway bandits
3. The statesman SIR ROBERT PEEL in
1829 established the LONDON

METROPOLITAN POLICE, which became
the first modern organized police force. It
was later called SCOTLAND YARD. The
development of the BRITISH POLICE
SYSTEM is especially significant because
the pattern that emerged not only became a
model for the American police system but
also had great influence on the style of
policing in almost all industrial societies.
Peel’s Principle
• The basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent
crime and disorder.
• The ability of the police to perform their duties is
dependent upon the public approval of police actions.
• Police must secure the willing co-operation of the public
in voluntary observation of the law to be able to secure
and maintain the respect of the public.
• The degree of co-operation of the public that can be
secured diminishes proportionately to the necessity of
the use of physical force.
• Police seek and preserve public favour not by catering to public
opinion, but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service
to the law.
• Police use physical force to the extent necessary to secure
observance of the law or to restore order only when the exercise of
persuasion, advice, and warning is found to be insufficient.
• Police, at all times, should maintain a relationship with the public
that gives reality to the historic tradition that the police are the public
and the public are the police; the police being only members of the
public who are paid to give full-time attention to duties which are
incumbent upon every citizen in the interests of community welfare
and existence.
• Police should always direct their action strictly towards their
functions, and never appear to usurp the powers of the judiciary.
• The test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder,
not the visible evidence of police action in dealing with it.
Developments in French Police
System during the modern Period
in France
1. During the 17th century in France, King
Louis XIV maintained a small central police
organization consisting of some 40
inspectors who, with the numerous paid
informants, supplied the government with
details about the conduct of private
individuals.
2. In Paris, the position OFFICERS DE PAIX
was formed in 1791. This was the origin of
the term Peace Officer. The French were the
first to establish uniformed police officers –
they were called SERGENT DE VILLE
(servant of the city).
Other contributions of the French in the
development of policing system were:
Conceiving street signs.

Assigning house numbers.
Installing street lighting.
Creating emergency and rescue services.
Use of police ambulances.
Use of ‘warrant card”, and ID signifying
authority to arrest
Developments in American Police
System during the modern period
and thereafter
1. Policing system in America followed the
model developed in England, New York,
Boston and Philadelphia organized their
night watchmen, which was similar to the
Bellmen crated in London during the reign of
King Charles II.
These watchmen were also known as
RATTLEWATCH because they carried a
rattle while on duty to inform the public in
their watchful presence.
2. Development of American municipal
(rural and city) police force
– in 1638, night-watch was initiated in Boston,

Massachusetts.
– in 1658, rattle-watch was organized in New York.
– night watch started in Philadelphia in 1700.
– in 1722, new haven has a police regulation that “no
watch man will have the liberty to sleep.”
– New York City police began to adopt a full police
uniform in 1856.
– 1833 was the advent of daytime police with pay
EVOLUTION OF POLICE SERVICE
IN THE PHILIPPINE SETTING
a.CARABINEROS de SEGURIDAD
PUBLICO (Mounted Police)
– was organized in 1712 for the purpose
of carrying out the policies of the
Spanish government.
– The members were armed and
considered as the mounted police.
b. GUARDRILLEROS
– was a body of rural police organized in

each town that was created by the
Royal Decree of January 8, 1836.
– This police force was composed of 5%
of the able-bodied male inhabitants of
town of province, and each member
should serve for at least 3 years.
c. GUARDIA CIVIL
– was the police organization created by

the Royal Decree issued by the Spanish
Crown government on February on
February 12, 1852.
– It relieved the Spanish Peninsular
Troops of their works in policing towns.
Police Force during the Japanese
Occupation.
KEMPETAI
• the Japanese Military Police force those

are responsible in maintaining peace and
order in manila and adjacent urban areas.
• Kempetai ruled the urban area until Gen

Douglas Mc Arthur returned.
American occupation until WW2
broke out
a. INSULAR POLICE FORCE was established on
November 30 1890 during the Filipino-American
war (1890- 1901) upon the recommendation of the
Philippines Commission to the secretary of war.
b. INSULAR CONSTABULARY was created on

July 18, 1901 by virtue of act # 175 titled as “An
Act Providing for the Organization and
Government of an Insular Constabulary”.
c. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT (MPD)
was organized on July 31 1901, by virtue of
act 183 of the Philippine Commission. The
first chief of police was Capt. George
Curry, a Us Army officer appointed by Taft
Commission on August 7, 1901. Capt.
Columbus Piatt was the last American cop
of MPD before the WW2 broke out.
d. On Oct 3 1901, the insular constabulary was
changed to PHILIPPINES CONSTABULARTY
(PC) by virtue of act no. 255. BRIG. GEN HENRY
T. ALLEN was the First chief of the Philippines
constabulary. He was the PC Chief From 1901 to
1907 such that he was then called the Father of
Constabulary in the Philippines, the PC was
manned by mostly Filipinos but officers were
mostly Americans.
e. REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF
1917 this law stated that the Philippines
Constabulary is a NATIONAL POLICE
INSTITUTION for preserving the peace
keeping order and enforcing the law. BRIG.
GEN RAFAEL CRAME became the first
Filipino Chief of Police. He served as the PC
chief from 1917-1927.
PD 421 = integrates city/municipality police,
jail and fire force within greater Manila to
the Philippine Constabulary known as the
Philippine Constabulary, Metropolitan
Command (PC METROCOM)
PD 482, 531, 585, and 641 = integrates

police, fire and jail forces in the provinces
On August 8 1975, PRESIDENTIAL
DECREE no. 765 was enacted
- It defines the relationship between the

integrated national Police and the
Philippine Constabulary (PC-INP).
In Nov. 1932, ACT no. 181 required the
creation of a Bureau of Investigation. This
agency should be the modification of the
Division of investigation from the
Department of Justice. Finally, on June 19,
1947, R.A 157 was enacted creating the
NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION.
In 1960, R.A no. 2678 was enacted and this
law provided the expansion and
reorganization of the NBI. This law
established that the NBI is both an
investigative and research service agency.
SIGNIFICANT VIPs
• Ø COL. Antonio C. Torres- the 1st Filipino COP when
MPD became an all Filipino police organization: declared
manila as open city when WW2 broke out in 1941;
during ww2 Manila Police was under the American
Control.
• Ø COL. Marcus Ellis Jones- A US provost Marshall

who was named as MPD COP just after the liberation.
• Ø Col. Lamberto Javalera- the 1st Filipino COP of

MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas under the Republican
Government.
Sec. 6, Art XVI, 1987 PHILIPPINE
CONSTITUTION
– Mandates the creation of one national

police force which is civilian in character
– Leads to the enactment of RA 6975
– Creation of the PNP, BFP, BJMP, PPSC
THEORIES and
CONCEPTS OF
POLICE SERVICE
HOME RULE THEORY
Policemen are considered servants of the
community.
Effectiveness of the policemen in their
functions depends on the express wishes of
the people.
 In this theory, policemen are civil employees
whose primary duty is the preservation of the
public peace and security.
This is applied in countries with
decentralized government structure.
CONTINENTAL THEORY
Policemen are considered servants of a
higher authority.
Ordinary people have little or no share in all

of the police duties, nor have any direct
connection with the police functions.
This theory is applied in countries that have

centralized government.
OLD CONCEPT
Police is looked upon as a repressive
machinery of the government is this
traditional concept; punishment is the
sole instrument of crime control.
The yardstick of police efficiency is

more arrests. Thus, the job of the
police is to arrest and put people in jail
than keep them out of jail.
MODERN CONCEPT
Police is an instrument for crime prevention.
The modern philosophy of police service is
not focused only in criminal apprehension
but has been broadened to include social
services.
Objective of the police is to promote the
welfare of individual citizens as well as the
society in general.
The yardstick of proficiency is the absence
of crime.
Types of Organizational Structures
A. Line Type Police Organization
 This is a straight-line organization also called the

individual, military, or military type of organization.
 It is the simplest, oldest, and clearest form of police
organization.
 The authority and responsibility flow from the top to the
bottom in a clear and unbroken line thus authority is
definite and absolute.
 The primary emphasis is placed upon by close
adherence to the chain of command.
Line Type Police Organization
COP
DEPUTY
COP
1st Staff 2nd Staff

Cmdr Cmdr
SPO SPO
PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO
B. Functional Type of Police Organization
This is rarely found in present day

organizations except at or near the top
level.
For police organizations, this type of

structure violates the prime rule that “men
perform best when they have only one
supervisor.”
However, it has the following advantages:
• Responsibility and authority are divided

between several police specialists, and
• Functional responsibility of each “police

supervisor” is limited to the particular
activity over which he has control
regardless on who performs the functions.
Functional Type of Police Organization
COP
DEPUTY
COP
Chief Chief Chief

Chief
Invest Div Crime Lab
Traffic Div Patrol Div
SPO SPO
PO PO PO PO PO PO
Line authority
_ _ _ _ function authority
C. Line and Staff Police Organization
This type combines line units with staff (support)

units so that services or knowledge of staffs or
specialists can be provided to police officers
performing line functions.
The increasing demand for police services

needs additional internal support functions to
enable the line functions continue to provide
direct services to the public or to the community
they serve.
• Police staff or specialists can provide expert advice to
line officers in special knowledge areas as demonstrated
by the opinions of legal advisers.
• Line personnel and officers are relieved from tasks

which they least prefer and/or least qualified to do like
training and scientific analysis of physical evidence,
• Channels of responsibility and authority are left intact

because the specialists responsibility is to “think and
provide expertise” for the officers who responsible for
“doing.” The line commander in this type of organization
obtains advices not from the command but from the
specialists.
Line and Staff Police Organization
COP
DEPUTY
COP
Chief Chief Chief Invest Chief Crime

Div Lab
Traffic Div Patrol Div
SPO SPO
PO PO PO PO PO PO
Line Authority
- - - - - Staff Relationship
FUNCTIONAL UNITS
1. Bureau – largest functional unit within

a large department.
2. Division- a primary subdivision of
bureau.
3. Section – functional unit within a
division.
4. Unit – functional unit within a section.
TERRITORIAL UNITS
1. Post - fixed point where officer is assigned.
2. Route – length of streets designated for patrol.
3. Beat – area for patrol purposes either foot or
motorized.
4. Sector – area containing two or more beats.
5. District – geographical subdivision of a city for
patrol purposes.
6. Area - a section or territorial division of a large
city each comprised of designated districts.
Elements of Police Organization
1. Specialization – the assignment of personnel to
particular tasks.
2. Hierarchy of Authority – hierarchy represents the
formal relationship among superiors and subordinates.
3. Span of Control – the maximum number of
subordinates at a given position that a superior can
supervise effectively.
4. Delegation of authority – conferring an amount of
authority by a superior to a subordinate.
5. Unity of Command – each personnel should only be
under the control of one superior.
6. Formal communication – communication is a process
of sharing understanding and information on common
subjects.
Specialization
The grouping of activities and segregation

if line, staff, and auxiliary functions.
• the assignment of particular workers to particular tasks. It
can thus be thought of in terms of either jobs or people.
• Specialization of jobs (“areas of specialization”) is the

designation of certain activities or tasks as ones that must
be performed in a highly technological, scientific, or
precise manner.
• Specialization of people (“specialists) is the

designation of a particular persons as having expertise in
a specific area of work. Here, specialization signifies the
adaptation of an individual to the requirements to some
technical tasks through training, conditioning or extensive
on-the-job experience.
PRINCIPLES OF POLICE
ORGANIZATION
Principle of Unity of Objectives - an organization
is effective if it enables the individuals to contribute
to the organization’s objectives.
Principle of Organizational Efficiency –

organization structure is effective if it is structured
in such a way to aid the accomplishment of the
organization’s objectives with a minimum cost.
Functional Principle – refers to division of work

according to type, place, time and specialization.
Scalar Principle
shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization which
defines an unbroken chain of units from top to bottom
describing explicitly the flow of authority. The scalar
principles are:
a. Line of Authority and Chain of Command -

This principle of organization suggests that
communications should ordinarily go upward
through established channels in the hierarchy.
Diverting orders, directives, or reports around a
level of command usually has disastrous effects on
efficiency of the organization.
b.The Span of Control of a supervisor over
personnel or units shall not mean more than what
he can effectively direct and coordinate. In span of
control, levels of authority shall be kept to a
minimum.
c.The Delegation of authority shall carry with its

commensurate authority and the person to whom
the authority is delegated shall be held accountable
therefore. It implies that delegation must carry with
it appropriate responsibility.
d.The Unity of Command - explains that

subordinates should only be under the control of
one superior.
Line and Staff – implies that a system of
varied functions arrange into a workable
pattern. The line organization is responsible for
the direct accomplishment of the objectives
while the staff is responsible for support,
advisory or facilitative capacity.
Principle of Balance – states that the

application of principles must be balanced to
ensure the effectiveness of the structure in
meeting organization’s objectives.
Principle of Delegation by Results – states that
authority delegated should be adequate to ensure the ability to
accomplish expected results.
• Principles of Absoluteness of
Responsibility – explains that the responsibility of the
subordinates to their superior for performance is absolute and
the superior cannot escape responsibility for the organization
on activities performed by their subordinates.
Note:
• NAPOLCOM MC No. 95-03 – “Institutionalization of the Doctrine of
Command Responsibility at all levels of Command in the PNP
• EO No. 226 - “Institutionalization of the Doctrine of Command

Responsibility in all Government office
Principle of Parity and Responsibility – explains
that responsibility for action cannot be greater than
that implied by the authority delegated nor should it be
less.
Authority Level Principle – implies that decisions

within the authority of the individual commander
should be made by them and not be returned upward
in the organizational structure.
Principle of Flexibility – which means that the more

flexible the organization, the more it can fulfill its
purpose.
the sum of small efforts, repeated day in and day out.” ~ Rob
“Success is ert Collier

ETERNAL FLAME
• Bulag: Close your eyes…
• Pilay: Give me your hand darling…
• Bingi: Do you hear my heart beating?
• Bobo: Do you undrstand?
• Manhid: Do you feel the same?
• Dukha: Am I only dreaming?
• Bumbero: Is this burning? An eternal flame!
• Pipi: Say my name
• Baliw: Sunshine through the rain
• Kawawa: My whole life, so lonely
• Ilusyonada: then you’ve come and ease the pain
• Martyr: I dont wanna lose this feeling..
• Salingpusa: Ohhh…
Oh di ba?
LINE VS. STAFF FUNCTIONS
LINE FUNCTIONS STAFF FUNCTIONS
• police operations • exist to support line

designed to meet functions, either
the basic police directly or indirectly.
mission.
POLICE FUNCTIONS otherwise known as
– PRIMARY
– AUXILIARY
– ADMINISTRATIVE
ORGANIC UNITS
– OPERATIONAL
– SERVICE
– ADMINISTRATIVE
Responsibilities assigned to the
foregoing units
a. Operational units:
– Patrol-prevention of crimes through visibility

– Investigation- crime investigation/ detection
– Traffic- enforcement of traffic laws and
ordinances
– Vice control- victimless crimes
– Juvenile delinquency- control of youthful
offenders
b. service Units:
– Records- indexing and statistics

– Communications
– Jail- custody of prisoners and rehabilitation
– Crime laboratory- examinations of evidences
– Maintenance- property maintenance
c. Administrative Units:
– Personnel- personnel/ human resource

management
– Budget- budget and finances
– Public information- police community
relations
THE BIRTH OF THE
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
POLICE
From the…
• Insular Police Force
• Insular constabulary
• Philippine Constabulary
• Integrated National Police (PC-
METROCOM)
• Philippine Constabulary-Integrated
National Police
• Philippine National Police
The passage into law on December 13,
1990 of Republic Act No. 6975 entitled “An
Act Establishing the Philippine National
Police Under a Reorganized Department of
the Interior and Local Government and for
Other Purposes,” gave way to the creation
of the country's police force that is
national in scope and civilian in character
(Art 16, sec. 6, 1987 Phil. Consti).
It is administered and controlled by the

National Police Commission.
With the effectivity of Republic Act No. 8551,
otherwise known as the “Philippine National
Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998,”
the PNP was envisioned to be a community and
service oriented agency.
As mandated by law, the PNP activated the

Internal Affairs Service (IAS) on June 1, 1999. It
is an organization within the structure of the
PNP, and it is headed by Inspector General.
THE COMPOSITION OF THE PNP
Members of the INP is under the PD 765

Members of the Constabulary
NAPOLCOM and CIS with civilian
operatives
NAPOLCOM and three “I’ (investigation,
Intelligence, and Inspectorate)
Operatives of the National Anti- Hijacking
Committee of DND
Civilian Employees of the PC/INP
THE PNP ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP
PNP Staff and Support Units
 The Chief of the Philippine National Police has the rank of Police Director General in
the Armed Forces of the Philippines with a four-star rank. He is assisted by a Personal
Staff composed of:
 The Inspector General
 Aide-de-Camp
 Command Police Non-Commissioned Officer
 Deputy Chief of Philippine National Police for Administration.

 Deputy Chief of Philippine National Police for Operations
 The Chief of Directorial Staff is assisted by a Secretary, Directorial Staff.
The two deputies and the Chief of Directorial Staff have the rank of Police Deputy Director
General equivalent to a three-star rank in the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
 National Headquarters:
– C,PNP
– Dep. For Admin
– Dep. For Ops
– TCDS
– Directorial Staffs
– National Support Units
 PROs
 PPOs
 M/CPO
 PCP
 COMPAC
Directorial Staff (Functional Staff)
• Directorate for Personnel and Records Management

• Directorate for Intelligence
• Directorate for Operation
• Directorate for Integrated Police Operations
• Directorate for Logistics
• Directorate for Plans
• Directorate for Comptrollership
• Directorate for Police Community Relations
• Directorate for Investigation & Detective Management
• Directorate for Human Resources & Doctrine Development
• Directorate for Research & Development
• Directorate for Information Technology & Communication
Management
Additional
• Provisional Directorate for Integrated
Police Operations, Western Mindanao
Police Operations, Eastern Mindanao
Police Operations, Visayas
Police Operations, Southern Luzon
Administrative Support Units
• Logistic Support Service

• Information Technology Management Service (Formerly
Computer Service)
• Finance Service
• Communications Electronic Service
• Health Service
• Chaplain Service
• Legal Service
• Headquarters Support Service
• Engineering Service
• PNP Training Service
• Personnel and Retirement Benefits Service
Logistics Support service
• Responsible for the procurement,
distribution and management of all
logistical requirement of the PNP
including firearms and ammunitions.
Electronic and Communications
Service
• Responsible for establishing an
effective and efficient communications
network designed to link all levels of
the PNP command. (linkages of
international community)
Information Technology Mgmt.
Service (Computer Service)
• Responsible for updated data case
system in the PNP command. It keep
itself to be abreast from the latest in
information technologies.
Finance Service
• Responsible for providing efficient
finance service in the PNP
Health services
• Responsible for the conduct of all
medical examinations.
Chaplain services
• Responsible for the guidance regarding
spiritual needs of all PNP personnel.
Legal Services
• With a legal assistance division and legal
research and evaluation division was created
as an additional administrative support unit
to serve as legal arm of the PNP.
Headquarters Support services
• Was created for general housekeeping
and camp security services.
Engineering Service
• Created for building construction and
other construction related matters.
Personnel and Retirement Benefits
Service
• Created to manage personnel affair in
terms of benefits.
OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS
• Crime Laboratory Group

• Maritime Group
• Aviation Security Group
• Special Action Force
• Highway Patrol Group
• Police Community Relations Group
• Criminal Investigation & Detection Group
• Police Security & Protection Office New OSUs
• Intelligence Group
-anti-cybercrime group
• Civil Security Group -anti-kidnapping group
Crime Laboratory Service
• Task for the processing of crime scene
and evidences (technical expertise).
Maritime group
• patrol coastal areas and enforcement of
the Fishery Act
Aviation Security Group
• Responsible for safety of all airports
and/or airfields
Special Action Force
• The elite force responsible for counter-
terrorism operations.
Highway Patrol Group
• Task with the enforcement of the Anti-
Carnapping Law
Police Community Relations
Group
• The make-up artist and deodorant of
the PNP.
Criminal Investigation and Detection Group
• Task with the investigation of

sensationalized cases.
Police Security and Protection Office
• The unit which provides VIP security
Intelligence Group
• The unit tasked with the duty of
intelligence gathering.
Civil Security Group
• supervision of all security
guards/agencies and issuance of
licenses for firearms.
Anti-Cybercrime Group
• Tasked with the effort of combating the
growing cybercrime issues.
Anti-Kidnapping Group
• Implement the anti-kidnapping
programs of the PNP (KFR).
Ranking System
Police COMMISSIONED OFFICERS
Third Level
• Director General (DG) General

• Deputy Director General (DDG) Lt General
• Director (DIR) Maj General
• Chief Superintendent (C/SUPT) Brig.Gen.
• Senior Superintendent (S/SUPT) Colonel
Second Level
• Superintendent (SUPT) Lt Colonel
• Chief Inspector (C/INSP) Major

First Level
• Senior Inspector (S/INSP) Captain
• Inspector (INSP) Lieutenant
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS
 Third Level
– Senior Police Officer IV Master Sergeant
– Senior Police Officer III Tech. Sergeant
 Second Level
– Senior Police Officer II Staff Sergeant
– Senior Police Officer I Sergeant
 First Level
– Police Officer III Corporal
– Police Officer II Private 1st Class
– Police Officer I Private
Cadets of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) are
classified above the Senior Police Officer IV and below
the Inspector rank in the PNP.
RANK INSIGNIARECOGNITION
PERCENTAGE RANK DISTRIBUTION
(NAPOLCOM RESOLOTION NO. 93)
• Police Senior Superintendent .23

• Superintendent .61
• Police Chief Inspector 1.22
• Police Senior Inspector 2.25
• Police Inspector 4.10
• Senior Police Officer IV 4.10
• Senior Police Officer III 7.74
• Senior Police Officer II 9.78
• Senior Police Officer I 12.50
• Police Officer III 14.95
• Police Officer II 18.77
• Police Officer I 23.75
4 stars - 1 DG PNP
3 Stars - 1 DDG Administration

-1 DDG Operation
-1 DDG Chief of Directorial
Staff
2 Stars -10 Police Directors

-12 Police Directorates
-1 NCR Regional Director
1 Star - 55 Chief Supt. (14 Regional Directors+
20 national Support Directors+
10 Deputy Director Staff Directors+
5 NCR Deputy Directors+
5 NCR Deputy Directors
1 Inspector General /one more for
CARAGA
APPOINTMENT
RANK APPOINTING
AUTHORITY
POI-SPOIV RD for those in the Regions
C/ PNP for those in NCR
INSPECTOR- SUPERINTENDENT C/PNP as recommended by their
immediate superiors
SR. SUPERINTENDENT-DEPUTY President upon recommendation of
DIRECTOR GENERAL the NAPOLCOM with the proper
endorsement of the CSC
POLICE DIRECTOR GENERAL President from among the senior
officer down to the rank of Chief
superintendent
Lateral Entry of Officers into the PNP
 In general, all original appointments of
commissioned officers in the PNP shall commence
with the rank of Inspector, to include all those with
highly technical qualifications applying for the PNP
technical services, such as dentists, optometrists,
nurses, engineers, and graduates of forensic
sciences.
 Doctors of medicine, members of the Bar, and

chaplains shall be appointed to the rank of senior
inspector in their particular technical service.
Graduates of the Philippine National
Police Academy (PNPA) shall be
automatically appointed to the initial rank
of inspector.
Licensed Criminologists may be appointed

to the rank of inspector to fill up any
vacancy after promotions from the ranks
are completed.
TYPES OF APPOINTMENT
PERMANENT – for applicant who completed all

the mandatory requirement.
PROBATIONARY – for applicant waiting for the

completion of their field training program
TEMPORARY – for applicants who entered the

service through the waiver program.
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR
APPOINTMENT
 Filipino
 GMRC  RA 1 080
Passed the NP, D and P tes ts(for Bar and PRC Board passers)
 College Grad  RA6506
 Must be eligible  (for Licensed Criminologists)
 Must not have been dishonorably

 PD 907discharged
 Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an
 (for baccalaureate degree holders with
offense or CIMT;
honors, e.g. summa cum laude, magna
 1.62m male and 1.57m for fem cuamlela;ude, cum laude)
 Must weight not more or less than five kilograms (5kgs)
from the standard weight corresponding to his or her
height, age, and sex; and
 For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21)
not more than thirty (30) years of age.
Except for the last qualification, the above-
enumerated qualifications shall be continuing
in character and an absence of any of them at
any given time shall be a ground for separation
or retirement from the service.
What is the waiver program for initial
appointment to the PNP?
– The A, H, W and E requirements for initial

appointment to the PNP may be waived only when
the number of qualified applicants fall below the
minimum annual quota;
– Waiver of the height requirement may be granted to

a male applicant who is at least 1 meter and 57cm
(1.57m) and to a female applicant who is at least 1
meter and 52 cm (1.52m)
– weight waiver / six (6) months

 What are the Selection Criteria under the
Waiver Program?
- Applicants who possess the least
disqualification shall take precedence over
those who possess more disqualifications;
 What is the nature of appointment under

a Waiver Program?
- temporary appointment
Manning Level of PNP:
Minimum – 1:1000
Average – 1:500
However, the actual strength by the cities

and municipalities shall depend on the
→state of peace and order,

→population density and
→actual demands of the service in the particular area.
PROMOTION
It is the elevation of personnel to the next

higher rank
aligned towards recognition of good work
and potential to discharge greater duties
and responsibilities in higher rank:
Promoting morale with higher pay.
BASED ON MERIT AND SENIORITY SYSTEM

TYPES OF PROMOTION
 REGULAR/ORDINARY PROMOTION
 MERITORIOUS/SPOT PROMOTION
***POSTHUMOUS PROMOTION
MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR
PROMOTION
• Minimum educational attainment
• Completion of the mandatory training
requirement
• Time-in-grade
• Appropriate eligibility
• Clearance from PLEB
Mandatory Training
 General Staff Course
– For Chief Superintendent up to Director General
– Officers Senior Executive courses (OSEC)
 General Staff Course (GSC)

– For Supt to Sr. Supt.
 Officers Advance Course (OAC) - 4 mos.

– For Chief Inspector
 Officers Basic Course (4 mos.)

– For Sr. Inspector
 BSPS or Officers Candidate Course (OCC) 6 mos.
– For Inspectors
Senior Leadership course- 4mos.
– For SPOIII and SPOIV
Junior Leadership Course – 4 mos.

– For SPOI- SPOII
Public Safety Basic Recruit Course-6

mos.
– For POI,POII and POIII
Six (6) Constitutive Institutes
1. National Police College (NPC)

PPSC Complex, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, Metro Manila
2. Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA)
Camp Mariano N Castañeda, Silang, Cavite
3. Police National Training Institute (PNTI)
Camp Vicente Lim, Calamba City, Laguna
4. Fire National Training Institute (FNTI)
5. Jail National Training Institute (JNTI)
6. National Criminalistics Research and Training Institute
PPSC Complex, Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, Metro Manila
PNTI
 Public Safety Basic Recruit Course(PSBRC) 24-week intensive and
progressive training designed for newly-appointed police non-commissioned
officers to provide newly them with the basic knowledge and skills in police
science, administration, combat operation and tactics and for them to acquire
the norms of conduct required in the performance of their jobs as guardians of
peace and protectors of lives and properties.
 Public Safety Junior Leadership Course (PSJLCC) A 12-week course

designed to provide junior PNCOs with the fundamental knowledge and skills
necessary for effective and efficient handling of junior key positions in the
PNP units.
 Public Safety Senior Leadership Course(PSSLC) A 12-week course

designed to provide senior PNCOs with requisite knowledge and skills on
general functional areas of unit administration, management and leadership.
 Public Safety Officers Candidate Course (PSOCC) A 16-week course

designed to prepare selected senior non-officers for officer rank. The course
provides an ideal jumping board for SPOIVs who wish to be promoted to the
next higher rank of police inspector.
NPC Training Programs
• Public Safety Officers Senior Executive Course (PSOSEC) An eight
month resident training program intended for senior uniformed officers with a
minimum rank of Chief Inspectors in the police, fire and jail bureaus. Prepares
participants like the director of provincial or positions in the regional offices,
and/or senior support staff offices and directorates in the national headquarters
• Public Safety Officers Advance Course (PSOAC) A four month resident

training program for officers with a minimum rank of Senior Inspectors in the
police, fire and jail bureaus.
• Public Safety Officers Basic Course (PSOBC) A four month resident

training program intended for junior level uniformed commissioned officers with
the rank of Inspectors in the police, fire and jail bureaus. PSOBC prepares
participants for a junior level command staff function and duties: as police chief
or station commander and to various staff positions in the provincial, district or
regional offices, and/or support staff offices in the national headquarters
• Public Safety Officers Orientation Course
(PSOOC) A two-month resident training program
intended for lateral entry uniformed commissioned
officers with the rank of Inspectors and Senior
Inspectors in the police bureau.
• Public Safety Officers Inspectors Course

(PSIC) A four-month resident training program
intended for uniformed commissioned officers whose
promotion to Inspector rank in the police bureau were
on the basis of merit and lacks the mandatory Public
Safety Officers Candidate Course (PSOCC).
Time – in – Grade in a permanent
Rank (TIG)
 1 year as SR. Supt., Chief Supt., Director, DDG
 1 year as POI to POII
 1 year as POII to POIII
 2 years as POIII to SPOI
 2 years as SPOI to SPOII
 2years as SPOII to SPOIII
 2 years as SPOIII to SPOIV
 3 years as SPOIV to P/Insp.
 3 years as P/ Insp. To P/ Sr. Insp.
 5 years as P/ Sr. Insp. To P/ Chief Insp.
 5 years as P/ Chief Insp. to P/ Supt.
 3 years as P/ Supt to P/ Sr. Supt.
As Per NAPOLCOM Resolution no. 2013-501…
“Prescribing the Qualification Standards for

Appointment to PNP Ranks”.
- It gives guideline in the reduction of time-in

grade for police officers
• PO2 = from 4 yrs to 2 yrs as PO1
• PO3 = from 3 yrs to 2 yrs as PO2
• SPO2= 2 yrs as SPO1
• SPO4 = from 3 yrs to 2 yrs as SPO3
• PSINSP = from 4 yrs to 3 yrs as PINSP
• PCINP = from 5 yrs to 3 yrs as PSINSP
• PSUPT = from 5 years to 3 yrs as PCINP
• The following TIG were retained:
• SPO1 = 3 years as PO3

• PINSP = 3 years as SPO4
• PSSUPT = 3 years as PSUPT
• PCSUPT = 2 years as PSSUPT
• PDG, PDDG, PDIR = TIG not required

ATTRITION SYSTEM
a.) attrition by attainment of maximum tenure in
position
b.) attrition by relief
c.) attrition by demotion in position or rank
d.) attrition by non-promotion
e.) attrition by other means
ATTAINMENT OF MAXIMUM
TENURE
POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE
 Chief,PNP Four (4) years

 Deputy Chief Four (4) years
 Director of the Staff Service Four (4) years
 Regional Directors Six (6) years
 Provincial/City Directors Nine (9) years
ATTRITION BY RELIEF
• When a PNP uniformed personnel who

has been relieved for just cause and has
NOT been given an assignment within two
(2) years after such relief shall be retired
or separated
ATTRITION BY DEMOTION
When any PNP personnel, civilian or

uniformed who is relieved and assigned to a
position lower than what is established for
his or her grade in the PNP staffing pattern
and who shall not be assigned to a position
commensurate to his or her grade within
eighteen (18) months after such demotion in
position shall be retired or separated
ATTRITION BY NON-PROMOTION
• When any PNP personnel who was not

been promoted for a continuous period of
ten (10) years shall be retired or separated
OTHER MEANS OF ATTRITION
a.) inefficiency based on poor performance during the
last two (2) successive annual rating periods
b.) inefficiency based on poor performance for three

(3) cumulative annual rating periods
c.)physical and or mental incapacity to perform police

function and duties or failure to pass the required
entrance examinations twice and or finish the
required career course except for justifiable reason
PERMANENT TOTAL DISABILITY
• AN OFFICER shall be entitled the one year salary
and to a lifetime pension equivalent to eighty percent
(80%) of his last salary in addition to other benefits
as provided under existing laws
• Should such member who has been retired under

permanent total disability under the section die within
five (5) years from his retirement, his surviving legal
spouse or if there be none the surviving dependent
legitimate children shall be entitled to the pension for the
member of the five (5) years guaranteed period.
RETIREMENT
TYPES OF RETIREMENT
Given to an
Given to an
COMPULSORY officer who
officer upon
 OPTIONAL rendered at
reaching the
least 2 10 years
 EARLY age of 56
o
inf service
COMPUTATION OF MRB
 Monthly retirement pay and longevity pay for the
retired grade in case of twenty (20) years of active
service which is 50% of the base pay and longevity
 increasing by two and one-half percent (2.5%) for every

year of active service rendered beyond twenty (20)
years to a minimum of ninety (90%) for thirty-six (36)
years of active service and over
 provided that the uniformed personnel have the option

to receive in advance and in lump sum of his
retirement pay for the first five (5) years
Longevity pay = the additional payment for
every 5 years of active satisfactory service
equivalent to 10% of the basic salary in
the present rank.
MRB= % (BS+LP) LONGEVITY PAY To get %
LP = % BP 5-9 YEARS =10% BP Year x 2.5
10-14YEARS = 20% BP
Mon/12 x 2.5
15-19 YEARS= 30% BP Day/365 x 2.5
20-24 YEARS = 40% BP
LS = MRB x 60 25 AND UP = 50% BP Total
EXERCISE:
GIVEN:
* MONTHLY BASIC SALARY = 27, 000
*LENGTH OF SERVICE – 32 YEARS/10 MOS/13 DAYS
 COMPUTE THE APPROXIMATE MONTHLY PENSION

 COMPUTE THE LUMPSUM FOR 5 YEARS
SAMPLE COMPUTATION
32 years x 2.5= 80
10 mos/12 x 2.5= 2.08
13 days/365 x 2.5= 0.08
82.17%
B/P = 27, 000
50% (27, 000)
L/P = 13, 500
40, 500
MRB = 82.17% (40, 500)

= 0.8217 (40,500)
= 33,278.85
Lumpsum = MRB x 60
= 33, 278.85 x 60
= 1, 996, 731
NATIONAL
POLICE
COMMISSION
 HISTORY
In 1966, Congress enacted Republic Act 4864 otherwise known as the

Police Act of 1966 to provide the foundation for the much needed
police reforms in the country.
It created the POLICE COMMISSION (Polcom)
It was reorganized in 1972 as the National Police Commission

(Napolcom). Originally under the Office of the President, it was
transferred to the Ministry of National Defense in 1975 by virtue of
Presidential Decree 765, known as the Police Integration Law.
Ten (10) years later in 1985, it was returned to the Office of the
President pursuant to Executive Order No. 1040.
In 1989, Executive Order No. 379 placed the INP directly under the “
command, supervision and control of the President.”
• The same executive order vested the National
Police Commission with the powers of
administrative control and supervision over the
INP.
• RA No. 6975 on December 13, 1990, the Philippine
National Police (PNP) was established under a
reorganized Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG).
• February 25, 1998, RA No. 8551 - This Act
strengthened and expanded the Commission’s
authority over the PNP:
– administration of police entrance examination
– conduct of pre-charge investigation against
police anomalies and irregularities
– summary dismissal of erring police members.
What is the Organization and Composition of the
NAPOLCOM?
– A Chairperson
– four (4) regular Commissioners,
– and the Chief of the PNP as ex-officio member.
– Three (3) of the regular Commissioners shall come from the civilian
sector who are neither active nor former members of the police or
military,
– one (1) shall be designated as Vice Chairperson
– The fourth regular Commissioner shall come from the law
enforcement
– That at leaset one (1) of the Commissioners shall be a woman. The
Secretary of the DILG is the ex-officio Chairperson of the
Commission, while the Vice Chairperson is the Executive Officer of
the Commission. (Section 5, RA 8551 – IRR)
What are the Powers and Functions of the
NAPOLCOM?
– Exercise administrative control and

operational supervision over the PNP
– Advise the President on all matters, involving
police functions and administration;
– Recommend to the President, a crime
prevention program (Section 6, RA 8551 – IRR)
What are the Qualifications of the
Commission Members?
– He or she is a citizen of the Philippines;

– A member of the Philippine Bar with at least five
(5) years experience in handling, criminal or
human rights cases or a holder of a master's
degree preferably a doctorate degree in public
administration, sociology, criminology, criminal
justice, law enforcement, and other related
disciplines, specially National Security
Administration and Public Safety Administration;
and
– The regular member coming from the law
enforcement sector should have practical
experience in law enforcement work for at
least five (5) years while the three (3) other
regular Commissioners must have done
extensive research work or projects on law
enforcement, criminology or criminal justice or
must have been members of a duly registered
non-government organization involved in the
promotion of peace and order. (Section 7, RA
8551 – IRR)
What is the Term of Office of the
NAPOLCOM Commissioners?
– The four (4) regular and full-time

Commissioners shall be appointed by the
President for a term of six (6) years without
reappointment or extension. (Section 8, RA
8551 – IRR)
INTERNAL
AFFAIRS SERVICE
(IAS)
Powers and Functions
1. pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP
personnel and units;
2. investigate complaints and gather evidence in
support of an open investigation;
3. conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing
administrative charges;
4. submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis,
and evaluation of the character and behavior of PNP
personnel and units to the Chief PNP and the
Commission;
5. file appropriate criminal cases against PNP members
before the court as evidence warrants and assist in
the prosecution of the case;
6. provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman
in cases involving the personnel of the PNP.
Cases where automatic investigation is
conducted by IAS
1. incidents where a police personnel discharges a

firearm;
2. incidents where death, serious physical injury, or
any violation of human rights occurred in the
conduct of a police operation;
3. incidents where evidence was compromised,
tampered with, obliterated, or lost while in the
custody of police personnel;
4. incidents where a suspect in the custody of the
police was seriously injured; and
5. incidents where the established rules of
engagement have been violated.
Organization of the IAS
• National, regional, and provincial offices of the

Internal Affairs shall be established. It shall be
headed by an Inspector General who shall be
assisted by a Deputy Inspector General. The area
offices shall be headed by a Director while the
provincial offices shall be headed by a
Superintendent:
Strengthening the PLEB
• The PLEB shall be the central receiving

entity for any citizen's complaint
against the officers and members of the
PNP. The PLEB shall take cognizance
of or refer the complaint to the proper
disciplinary or adjudicatory authority
within three (3) days upon the filing of
the complaint.
Composition of the PLEB
1. Any member of the SP or SB chosen by his or her
respective Sanggunian
2. Any barangay Captain of the City or municipality
concerned chosen by the ABC
3. Three (3) other members who are removable only for
cause to be chosen by the local peace and order
council from among the respected members of the
community known for their probity and integrity, one
(1)of whom must be a woman and another a member
of the Bar, or, in the absence thereof, a college
graduate, or the principal of the central elementary
school in the locality.
• The Chairman of the PLEB shall be
elected from among its members. The
term of office of the members of the
PLEB shall be for a period of three (3)
years from assumption of office. Such
member shall hold office until his
successor shall have been chosen and
qualified.
Compensation
• Membership in the PLEB is a civic duty.

However, PLEB members shall be paid per
diem and shall be provided with life
insurance coverage as may be determined by
the city or municipal council from city or
municipal funds. The DILG shall provide for
the per diem and insurance coverage of
PLEB members in certain low income
municipalities.
Request for Preventive Suspension
• The PLEB may ask any authorized superior to
impose preventive suspension against a
subordinate police officer who is the subject of a
complaint lasting up to a period as may be allowed
under the law. A request for preventive suspension
shall not be denied by the superior officer in the
following cases:
– when the respondent refuses to heed the PLEB's
summons or subpoena;
– when the PNP personnel has been charged with offenses
involving bodily harm or grave threats,
– when the respondent is in a position to tamper with the
evidence;
– when the respondent is in a position to unduly influence
the witnesses.
Participation of Local Executives
• Mayors and Governors once elected

are automatically deputized by the
NAPOLCOM
Powers of LCEs
1. Power of the Governor - to choose the PD of the
province from three (3) recommendees by the PD
2. Power of the Mayor - to choose the PD of the province
from five (5) recommendees by the PD
3. The power to direct, superintend, and oversee the day-
to-day functions of police investigation of crime, crime
prevention activities, and traffic control in accordance
with the rules and regulations promulgated by the
Commission.
4. It shall also include the power to direct the employment
and deployment of units or elements of the PNP,
through the station commander, to ensure public safety
and effective maintenance of peace and order within the
locality.
DISCIPLINARY
MECHANISMS IN
THE PNP
Police disciplinary machinery is
composed of 3 processes namely:
1. Internal disciplinary machinery – COP-C,PNP

2. Concurrent disciplinary machinery – Mayors
3. External disciplinary machinery - PLEB
Ways of commencing
administrative case against PNP
member:
• Police officer may incur administrative

case by means of the following:
a. citizen’s complaint, or;

b. breach of internal discipline
CITIZEN’S COMPLAINT
This refers to a formal charge initiated by

a natural or juridical person or his or her
representative on account of an injury,
damage or disturbance sustained as a
result of an irregular or illegal act or
omission of a member of the PNP.
BREACH OF INTERNAL
DISCIPLINE
Any offense committed by a member of

the PNP affecting order and discipline
within the police organization
DISCIPLINARY BODIES
 CITIZEN’S COMPLAINT
– COP = 1-15 DAYS
– MAYOR = 16-30 DAYS
– PLEB = 31 and above
 BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE

– COP = 1-15 DAYS
– PROVINCIAL DIRECTOR = 16-30 DAYS
– REGIONAL DIRECTOR = 31-60 DAYS
– CHIEF, PNP = NOT MORE THAN 180 DAYS
ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS
• Admonition or reprimand;
• Restriction to specified limits;
• Restrictive custody;
• Withholding of privileges;
• Forfeiture of salary;
• Suspension;
• Dismissal
OFFICES WITH SUMMARY DISMISSAL
POWERS
– Office of the Regional Director

– Office of the C,PNP
– NAPOLCOM
FORMAL DISCIPLINARY
APPELLATE BOARD OF THE PNP
• NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD

• REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
• National Appellate Board -
composed of the four (4) regular
commissioners and shall be
chaired by the executive officer.
The Board shall consider appeals
from decisions of the Chief of the
PNP.
The NAB decides cases on appeal
from decisions rendered by the
Chief of the PNP where the penalty
imposed is demotion in rank,
forced resignation or dismissal
from the service.
• Regional Appellate Board – established
in every region composed of a senior
officer of the regional Commission as
Chairman and one (1) representative
each from the PNP, and the regional
peace and order council as members.
The RABs decide appeals in the following
cases:
• Decisions of the PLEBs where the penalty imposed
is demotion in rank, forced resignation or dismissal
from the service;
• Decisions of the PNP Regional Directors or their
equivalent supervisors where the penalty imposed is
demotion in rank, forced resignation or dismissal
from the service; and
• Decisions of the city or municipal mayors in cases
filling within their respective jurisdictions,
regardless of penalties imposed.

Evolution of Police Organization and Functions

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Evolution of Police Organization and Functions

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PRESENTED BY:

 Roman = Politia = condition of state

French = Police = law enforcer

Police – Policeman – Law Enforcement Agency

 the term POLICE refers to the internal

 POLICE denotes the constitutionally created

• an association or group of individuals with

• a structured group of trained personnel in

• POLICE ADMINISTRATION – basically an

• POLICE POWER – the power of a government to

• POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY – the inherent

• LENGTH OF SERVICE - the period of time that has

• ON-DUTY - the period when an officer is actively

• OFF-DUTY - the nature of which the police

• LEAVE OF ABSENCE - a specified period

• SICK LEAVE - a period wherein an officer is

• DEPARTMENTAL RULES/POLICIES - rules

• DUTY MANUAL - a book of instruction that describes

• SUPERIOR OFFICER – a police officer having supervisory

• SUBORDINATE - an officer belonging to the lower or inferior rank

• COMMANDING OFFICER – a police officer in command of a

• COMMISSIONED OFFICER (PCO) – a police

• NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER (PNCO) – a

Law violations were classified as offenses

No Freemen shall be taken or imprisoned,

d. STAR CHAMBER COURT was

1829 established the LONDON

Conceiving street signs.

– in 1638, night-watch was initiated in Boston,

– was a body of rural police organized in

– was the police organization created by

• the Japanese Military Police force those

• Kempetai ruled the urban area until Gen

b. INSULAR CONSTABULARY was created on

PD 482, 531, 585, and 641 = integrates

- It defines the relationship between the

• Ø COL. Marcus Ellis Jones- A US provost Marshall

• Ø Col. Lamberto Javalera- the 1st Filipino COP of

– Mandates the creation of one national

Ordinary people have little or no share in all

This theory is applied in countries that have

The yardstick of police efficiency is

 This is a straight-line organization also called the

1st Staff 2nd Staff

This is rarely found in present day

For police organizations, this type of

• Responsibility and authority are divided

• Functional responsibility of each “police

Chief Chief Chief

This type combines line units with staff (support)

The increasing demand for police services

• Line personnel and officers are relieved from tasks

• Channels of responsibility and authority are left intact

Chief Chief Chief Invest Chief Crime

1. Bureau – largest functional unit within

The grouping of activities and segregation

• Specialization of jobs (“areas of specialization”) is the

• Specialization of people (“specialists) is the

Principle of Organizational Efficiency –

Functional Principle – refers to division of work

a. Line of Authority and Chain of Command -

c.The Delegation of authority shall carry with its

d.The Unity of Command - explains that