AYAW AT GUSTO

Depending on which part of speech is used to present the object of the sentence,
there are different ways to express what we like and what we do not like, and also what
we want and what we do not want. In general, we use two essential verbs: GUSTO (to
like/ to want) and AYAW (to dislike or to hate/ to not want).

If the object of preference is presented as a NOUN, we follow this sentence format:

GUSTO/
GUSTO/ + [ indirect personal pronoun ] + NG + [ noun ]
AYAW
Examples: Gusto ko ng kape. Ayaw mo ng gatas.
I like/ want coffee. You hate/ do not want milk.

However, if the object of preference is a person with a name, we replace “ng” with “si”.

Examples: Gusto niya si Isabel. Ayaw nila si Marco.

He likes Isabel. They do not like Marco.

However, if we speak about the preference of a particular thing, place, or person, which
is the subject of the sentence and is presented as a noun, we replace the indirect personal
pronoun with the markers “ni”, “nina”, “ng” or “ng mga” followed by the noun of the subject.

To choose the correct marker, remember:

- use NI if the subject noun is the name of a person
- use NINA if the subject noun is the names of two or more persons
- use NG if the subject noun is a descriptive noun of a person, or either the name
or descriptive noun of a place or thing
- use NG MGA if the subject noun is the collective noun of persons, things or
places

GUSTO/ NI/ NINA/

GUSTO + NG/ NG MGA + [ subject noun ] + NG/ SI + [ noun ]
AYAW NG/ NG MGA

Examples: Gusto ni Pedro ng mansanas. Ayaw nina Anna at Maria ng ubas.

Pedro likes apples. Anna and Maria do not want grapes.
Gusto ng bata ng kendi. Ayaw ng aso at ng pusa ng tsokolate.
The kid wants candy. The dog and the cat hate chocolates.
Gusto ng mga mag-aaral si Gng. Mitra.
The students like Mrs. Mitra.
If the preferred object is presented as an ADJECTIVE, we use the same sentence format
as we do with nouns. It does not have to imply specifically if it were a person, a thing or
a place as the format is often used if the object described by an adjective has already
been stated early in the conversation.

GUSTO/
GUSTO/ + [ indirect personal pronoun ] + NG + [ adjective ]
AYAW
Examples: Gusto nila ng malambot. Ayaw naming ng matigas.
They want something soft. We do not want something hard.

GUSTO/ NI/ NINA/

GUSTO + NG/ NG MGA + [ subject noun ] + NG + [ adjective ]
AYAW NG/ NG MGA

Examples: Gusto nina Lotlot at Snooky ng malinis.

Lotlot and Snooky want something clean.
Ayaw ni Maricel ng masikip.
Maricel does not want somewhere cramped.
Ayaw ng higante ng mahina.
The giant does not want someone who is weak.
Gusto ng mga sundalo ng malakas.
The soldiers want someone who is strong.

If the preferred object is presented as a PRONOUN, there are a lot of ways depending
on which pronoun is being used.

direct personal pronoun (for person/s)

GUSTO/ + [ indirect personal pronoun ] + direct demonstrative pronoun (for object/s)
AYAW oblique demonstrative pronoun (for place/s)

Examples: Gusto ko siya. Ayaw niya ako.

I like her. She does not like me.
Gusto nila ito. Ayaw namin iyan.
They want this. We do not want that.
Gusto mo rito. Ayaw natin doon.
You like it here. We hate it there.

If the preferred object is a person, we can also use the following sentence formats:

GUSTO/ AYAW + [ indirect personal pronoun ] + SA + [ oblique personal pronoun ]

… or in a more or less affectionate tone:

MAY GUSTO/ AYAW + [ direct personal pronoun ] + SA + [ oblique personal pronoun ]

Examples: Gusto niya sa atin. Ayaw natin sa iyo.

He wants us. We do not want you.
May gusto ako sa iyo. May ayaw sila sa akin.
I like you. They do not like me.

If using a subject noun, we use the following sentence formats:

SA + oblique personal pronoun (for person/s)

GUSTO/ NI/NG
GUSTO/ + NG/ NINA/
MGA + [subject noun] + direct demonstrative pronoun (for object/s)
AYAW NG/ NG MGA oblique demonstrative pronoun (for place/s)

or

SA + oblique personal pronoun (for person/s)

GUSTO/ NI/ NINA/
GUST + direct demonstrative pronoun (for object/s) + NG/ NG MGA + [subject noun]
AYAW oblique demonstrative pronoun (for place/s)
NG/ NG MGA

Examples: Gusto ni Apple sa akin. = Gusto sa akin ni Apple.

Apple likes me.
Ayaw ng mga pari iyon. = Ayaw iyon ng mga pari.
The priests do not like that.
Gusto nina John at Marsha rito. = Gusto rito nina John at Marsha.
John and Marsha like it here.

For person/s as the object pronoun, you can add “May” before “gusto/ ayaw” and replace
the markers “ni/ nina/ ng/ ng mga” with “si/ sina/ ang/ ang mga” to make it more or less
affectionate.

Example: May gusto si Apple sa akin. = May gusto sa akin si Apple.

Apple likes me.
May ayaw ang mga tao sa kanya.= May ayaw sa kanya ang mga tao.
The people dislike him.
If the preferred object is presented as a VERB, we follow this sentence format:

GUSTO/ AYAW + [ indirect personal pronoun ]NG + [ verb in imperative form ]

Examples: Gusto kong matulog. Ayaw nilang gumising.

I want to sleep. They don’t want to wake up.

If using the subject noun, we use any of these sentence formats:

GUSTO/ NI/ NINA/

GUSTO/ + NG/ NG MGA + [ subject noun ] + [ verb in imperative form ]
AYAW NG/ NG MGA
or
GUSTONG/ SI/ SINA/
GUSTONG/ + [ verb in imperative form ] + NG/ NG MGA + [ subject noun ]
AYAW ANG/ ANG MGA
Example: Gusto ni Ogie kumain. = Gustong kumain si Ogie.
Ogie wants to eat.
Ayaw ng mekaniko uminom. = Ayaw uminom ang mekaniko.
The mechanic does not want to drink.