SOLAR POWER TOWER

ANEENA PAULSON
Contents
• Introduction
• Working Principle of Solar Tower
• Classification
1)Steam Based
2)Molten Salt Based
• Heliostat
• Central Receiver
• Parabolic Trough
• Photovoltaics
• Tower Design
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Application
• Establishment Of Solar Tower In India
 INTRODUCTION
Solar power tower generated electric
power from sunlight by focusing
concentrated solar radiation on a tower
mounted heat exchanger (receiver).

It uses an array of flat,moveable

mirror(called heliostats) to focus the
sun’s rays upon a collector tower (the
Target).

The high energy at this point of

concentrated sunlight is transferred to a
substence that can store the heat for
later use.
CLASSIFICATION

• Steam based

• Molten based
 Steam Based Solar Tower
• Water is used to as medium which is
converted to steam to generate eletric-
power.
• In solar tower water is pumped to the
receiver at topmost part of solar tower.
• New solar radiation would be
concentrated on receiver at heliostate.
• Thus steam is generated due to rise in
Temperature inside the receiver tank, whi-
ch is further used in steam turbine gener-
ator.
 HELIOSTAT
• Heliostat is a Greek word, Helios-sun, sat-
stationary.
• A heliostat is a device that tracks the
movement of a sun.
• Heliostat are mirror solar tracking on two axis it
concentrated the reflected solar radiation on a
focal point located at the top of a tower.
• A heliostat is a device made a plane metallic
mirror which turns on as to keep reflecting
sunlight towards a predetermined target.
Limitation of this method is there is no
alternative to Produce eletricity in the absence
of sunlight.
HELIOSTAT
 CENTRAL RECEIVER
• It is used systems,use a field of
distributed mirrors heliostats.That
individually track the sun and focus the
sunlight,on the top of a tower.
• By concentrating the sunlight 600-1000
times.They achieve temparature from
800 -1000 degree celcious.Receiver
panel has fluid which collect heat.
 PARABOLIC TROUGH
• Parabolic through consists of a linear
parabolic reflector that concentrates
light onto a receiver positioned along
the flreoctos’s focal line.The receiver
is a tube positioned right above the
middle of the parabolic mirror and is
filled with a working fluid.
• The reflector mirror to follow the sun
Parabolic
During the daylight
hours by tracking
along a single axis.
Parabolic trough
systems provide t-he
best land-use f-actor
of any solar
technology.
 Photovoltaics
• Multiple solar cells are connected inside
modules.Modules are wired together to form
arrays, then tied to an inverter,which produce
power at desired voltage,and for AC,the
desired frequency/phase.
• Many residential systems are connected to the
grid,in these grid-connected,use of energy
storage is optional.In certain applications such
as satellites,lighthouses etc…
 Molten Salt Based Solar Tower
• Here melted solution of potassium nitrate
and sodium nitrate of water as a medium.
• This molten salt mixture(60%sodium nitrate
and 40%potassium nitrate)is used due to its
properties of absorbing and accumulating
heat energy for long time.
• This plant is known as Gama solar Tower.
• This type of solar tower will work for
approximate 4-5 hours in absence of
sunlight.
 TOWER DESIGN
it depends on the:

o Weight of the receiver

o Wind age area of the receiver

o Seismic consideration
 Tower Design
• The weight and size of a receiver are
affected by the fluid choice and
heliostat field size.
• Typical weight for a 380MW receiver
range from 250,000 kg for an external
receiver using liquid sodium to
2,500,000 kg for a cavity air receiver.
• These would be placed at the top of a
140 to 170m tower.
 Tower Design
Material for Tower Construction

• Tower designs are of either frame

steel contruction,using oil derrick
design techniques,or concrete,using
somkestack design techniques.
• The steel frame tower are less expe-
Sive at heights of less than about 120m
and that concrete tower are less
expensive for higher tower.
 ADVANTAGES
• Solar energy is completely renewable
resoures.
• Easy to operate
• Environmental neutrality
• Solar cells make absoultely no pollution.it
produce no green house gases and waste
products.
• Long-life operation guaranteeing .
 DISADVANTAGES
• The most obvious drawback of solar
energy is its sole dependence on the
sun.once the weather becomes cloudy
or no right time strikes,the energy
collection comes to a halt.
• Huge amount of water and land is
required.
• Solar pannel can also
expensive,because of the materials are
used to create.
 APPLICATIONS
• Solar powered LED lighting system
provides bright light charged by
sunlight.
• Remote sensing
• Emergency roadside telephones
• Satelightes and spacecrafts.
• Solar vehicles,solar heater,solar
cooker.
 Establishment of solar tower in india

As the three basic need(land,source,and

Solar energy)are provided in india this
can a great source of energy in future.
As Tropic of cancer line passes through
india which give indication that india can
have great source of solar energy.
As Tropic of cancer line passes through
Gujarath(so great amount of solar energy)
and also a rich source of sodium nitrate and
Potassium nitrate and a large flat surface is
Available in Kutch,so that Gama solar tower
Can be established there which will prove
a great source of energy in future.
 CONCLUSION

It is very efficiency system can be increase-

d by hybridizing it with the other conventi-
onal plants.very economy excluding initial
cost .Non pollutant power technology.it ca-
n be implemented with alternative like
WIND and HYDRO power generation.