ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES

2. A unitless ratio on the extreme compressive fiber when concrete

STRUCTURAL CONCEPTUALIZATION starts to fail.
1. A structural element that carries load that is applied  0.003
transverse (perpendicular) to its length. 3. The formula or equation in finding the area of concrete under
 Beam compression. (Mc)
2. A force that acts perpendicular to the axis of the member,  bkd
causing the internal particles of the member to slide against each 4. The nominal moment passing through the compressive & tensile
other. components of the RC beam in the stress profile.
 Shear  Jd
3. The structure can maintain its shape when loads are applied to 5. The polar moment of inertia passing through the moment arm in
it. compression and tension of the RC beam in stress profile
 Stability  Jd
4. A structural element that is made up of arches that radiate 6. An imaginary line passing through the centroid of the cross
around a center point to create a half sphere. section of the beam, along which no bending stresses occur.
 Dome  Neutral Axis
5. A force that squeezes or presses a member together. 7. The part of the beam which shows the transformed section,
 Compression stress profile and strain profile.
6. The bottom fiber of a cantilever beam is in what type of force.  Span
 Tension 8. The term in working stress design, refers to reinforced concrete
7. The top fiber of a cantilever beam is in what type of force. beam in which the cross-sectional areas of concrete and steel are
 Compression of such dimensions that each develops its full allowable stress
8. The capacity of a structure to carry the loads applied to it. simultaneously:
 Strength  Balanced Design
9. A force that is supported by a structural element. 9. It is the concentration of compressive forces acting on the concrete
 Load section of the beam, named after Charles Whitney adopted by
10. A structural element that work together to provide a strong, ACI in 1956.
stable, and cost-effective system.  Stress Block
 Beam, Column, Truss 10. An imaginary cross section of a beam in which the steel is replaced
11. A structural element that is composed of smaller structural by a hypothetical concrete area that is n times area of the
members typically configured in triangular arrangements. steel. The imaginary concrete area has the same modulus of
 Truss elasticity as the concrete in compression above the neutral axis.
12. Structural sub-systems that work together to provide a strong,  Transformed Section
stable, and cost-effective structure. 11. In balanced design, the general formula in the investigation of
 Floor, Foundation, Framing RC beam.
13. A force that stretches or pulls apart a member.
 Kd = Fc dn
Fs+FcN
 Tension
12. In balanced design, the moment passing through the RC beam
14. A vertical structural element that carries an axial force in
for concrete under compressive stress.
compression.  Mc = Fc (b) (kd) (jd) ½
 Column 13. A principle of Geometry derived from the formula
K = [fc / (fs / n) + fc] used in the design and investigation of RC
INVESTIGATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM beams.
15. For strength reduction factor β is 0.85 Fc for concrete strength  Similar Triangles
equal to? 14. The formula or equation in determining the value of Jd
 4,000 psi  d-Kd/3
16. The minimum concrete cover to protect the steel exposed to 15. In balanced design, the moment passing through the RC beam for
weather where concrete has already failed in tension. steel under flexural stress.
 50mm  MT = Fs (jd) As
17. What is the weight of 1 cu. m. of mild steel?
STRUCTURAL CONCEPT
 7,850 Kg
16. Weakening or failure of a material at a stress below the elastic
18. What is the weight of 1 cu. m. of water?
limit when subjected to a repeated series of stresses.
 1,000 Kg  Fatigue
17. Honey comb voids in concrete can be limited by the use of…
 Vibrator
INVESTIGATION OF BEAM 18. A bended rod to resist shear and diagonal stresses in a
1. The property of steel denoted as the ratio of elastic modulus to concrete beam is called?
that of concrete elastic modulus.  Stirrups
n
ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURES
19. Part of the stress profile in RC beam measured from the extreme 38. Standard hooks are bends made at the end of a reinforcing bar
compressive fiber to the central axis of the reinforcing steel bar. according to standards. Which of the bends does not belong to the
 Effective Depth group?
20. A deformed bar, embedded in a concrete construction at a joint  150°
and designed to hold a butting edge together, not designed for 39. (NSCP 403.20) a complete record test of materials and of concrete
direct load transfer. shall be available for inspection during the progress of work. How
 Dowel many years of completion of the project shall certificates be
21. The analysis of the stress, strain and deflection characteristics preserved by inspecting engineer or architect?
of structural behavior is referred to.  2 years
 Structural Analysis 40. (NSCP 403.20) the minimum bend diameter for 10mm through
22. The measure of the stiffness of a material is called? 25mm bars.
 Effective Length  6db
23. It is a beam especially provided over an opening for a door or 41. A joint gap between adjacent parts of the building, structure or
window to carry the wall over opening. concrete work which permits their relative movement due to
 Lintel Beam temperature changes (or other conditions) without rupture or
24. The deformation of a structural member as a result of loads damage.
acting on it.  Expansion joint
 Deflection 42. (NSCP 407.8.1) the minimum clear concrete covering for cast
25. Steel reinforcement which is placed in a concrete slab, or the like, in place slab.
to minimize the possibility of developing cracks as a result of  20mm
temperature changes. 43. Cracking of concrete in general is the result of:
 Temperature Bar  High flexural stress due to bending
26. Resistance offered to the movement of one body past another  Restraint of volume change
body with which it is in contact.
 Excessive deflection
 Friction 44. A groove which is formed, sawed or tooled in a concrete or
27. It is a general term applied for all forces which act upon a masonry to structure to regulate the location and amount of
structure and anything else which causes stresses or deformation cracking and separation resulting from dimensional change of
within the structure, or part thereof. different parts of the structure, thereby avoiding the development
 Loads of high stresses.
28. What is the weight of 1 cu. m. of concrete?  Control Joint
 2,400 Kg 45. A force acting perpendicular to the surface of an object which
29. The contact force between two opposing objects. tend the material to slip past adjacent part.
 Bearing Stress  Shear Stress
30. A wall designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the plane of 46. The term given to the tendency for concrete to continue to
the wall. strain over period of time when the stress is constant:
 Shear Wall  Creep
47. (NSCP 412.3.1) development length for deformed bars in
NATIONAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES tension shall be less than
31. The maximum diameter of reinforcing bars that can be
 300mm
bundled as one available in the Philippine market. 48. Formed when a concrete surface hardens before the next batch
 36mm of concrete is placed
32. An expansion joint’s adjacent parts of a structure to permit
 Cold Joint
expected movements between them is called? 49. The vertical or horizontal face in concrete structure where
 Contraction Joint concreting has been stopped and continued later.
33. How is a 90 degree bend standard hook for concrete
 Construction Joint
reinforcement constructed? 50. The minimum length of straight reinforcing rod which is
 90 degree bend plus 12 db extension, at free and of the bar. required to anchor it in concrete
34. A bend or curve given to develop an equivalent embedment
 Effective length
length, used where there is insufficient room to develop in
adequate embedment length.
 Hook
35. The main reinforcing bar resisting tension at the support of a
beam.
 Top Bar
36. The main reinforcing bar resisting tension at the span of a
beam.
 Bottom Bar
37. (NSCP 407.7.3) the minimum clear spacing between parallel
bars in a layer must be db but not less than.
 25mm