CONTENTS

S. No. Description Page no.

Introduction 1
1.
2. State Profile 8

Infrastructure for Agriculture and Government Programmes 18

3.
Productivity Gaps and Major Constraints 20
4.
Potential for Development of Horticulture, Livestock, Fisheries, Agro-forestry and
5. 32
Post-harvest Processing etc.

6. Role of Technology 48

7. Value Chain Development, Market Linkages and Trade Potential 133

8. Policy and Investment Requirements and Role of the Government 137

9. Implementation Plan and Institutional Responsibilities 139

10. Summary Recommendations 141

11. References 144

Annexure-I
145
Meeting/consultation details on Doubling Farmers’ Income (DFI) in Haryana

Annexure-II
147
Success stories for scaling up of technology outreach

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig. No. Description Page no.

1 Gross State Domestic Product of Haryana 15
2 GSVA from agriculture and allied sector at constant price (2011-12) 16
3 Area under Principal Crops in Haryana 20
4 Production of Principal Crops in Haryana 21
5 Source wise average annual farm household income 22
6 Livestock performance in Haryana vis-a-vis India 34
7 Export of basmati rice from Haryana and other parts of the country 136
 LIST OF TABLES
S. Description Page
No. No.
1 Details of meetings and events conducted by Haryana SCC 5
2 Growth rate required for doubling income in Haryana State 6
3 Agricultural Zones of the State 9
4 Land use in Haryana and India 11
5 Land holding pattern 11
6 Crop wise area, average yield and production of major crops in Haryana 12
7 GSVA from Agriculture and Allied Sector at Constant Prices 16
8 Growth in Gross State Value Added at Constant Prices 17
9 Source wise average annual farm household income 21
10 Average monthly Income and sources of income across states 22
11 Possible ways to increase farmer’s income 25
12 Yield Gap Estimates, Adoption of Improved and Hybrid Seeds along with Area 26
under Irrigation for paddy and wheat Crops
13 Number of districts below state average 27
14 Productivity gaps at block level in different districts 27
15 Estimated additional production of major crops by enhancing productivity of lower 28
performing districts/blocks
16 Crop/variety wise potential and average yield and possibility of productivity 28
enhancement
17 Estimated Milk Yield in Haryana 29
18 Potential of Horticulture Cluster in Haryana 33
19 District wise area recommended under various land uses in Haryana 47
20 Genetic strains developed and registered at State and national level 129
21 Quality Seed Production 129
22 Bio-fertilizer/ bio-control agents production 130
23 Estimated Cost of establishment of APC in production catchment of Haryana 138
24 Summary of Interventions Identified and Implementing agencies 140
INTRODUCTION
The agricultural sector being the prime sector of the economy, received continuous attention of
the policy makers and stakeholders. A number of initiative were undertaken to improve the
performance of the sector; it seems more holistic orientation would have accrued the anticipated
benefits. For the first time, Hon’ble Prime Minister of India exhorted to “Double the Farmers’ Income”
by 2022.
The possible goals of doubling farmers income are : (i) to improve the economic viability of
farming by substantially increasing the net income of farmers and to ensure that agricultural progress is
measured by advances made in their income; (ii) To provide opportunities in adequate measure for non-
farm employment for the farm households; and (iii) To introduce measures which can help to attract
and retain youth in farming (M. S. Swaminathan, 2017)
DFI goal was also coupled with many new and well-thought out schemes which primarily include
the 7-point action plan of the government : i) special focus on irrigation with the aim of realizing more
crop per drop; ii) provision for quality seeds and nutrients based on soil health of each field; iii) large
investments in warehousing and cold chains to prevent post-harvest losses; iv) promotion of value
addition through food processing; v) creation of national farm markets; vi) introduction of new crop
insurance scheme on risk mitigation; and vii) promotion of ancillary activities like poultry, bee keeping,
mushroom cultivation and fisheries for maximizing the gains from farming.
India is a geographically large and second most populous country (1295 millions) in the world next
to China and has more arable land (about 53%) of total next only to USA. Its irrigated land is about 35
per cent of total agricultural land. World population has been increasing by leaps and bounds. India's
population is expected to reach 1370 and 1660 millions in 2030 and 2050 AD, respectively. A food
production level of 289 and 349 million tones is needed to satisfy the projected population in 2030 and
2050, respectively. The net cultivable area is 142.8 million hectares. Though India accounts for only
about 2.5 per cent of world's geographical area and 4 per cent of water resources, it has to support
about 17 per cent of world human population and 15 per cent of the livestock. The per capita availability
of land has declined from 0.89 hectare in 1951 to 0.27 hectares in 2011. The per capita availability of
agricultural land has also reduced from 0.48 hectares to 0.5 hectares during this period. Indian cultivable
land is mainly small holdings (65%) and around 80 per cent farmers are small and marginal. Moreover,
the size of holding is declining. Same is the case for Haryana also.
India with its food grain production of 264.45 million tones (2013-14) and 295 million tones during
2014-15 is the second largest producer in the world. Similarly, it is largest producer of fruits and second
largest producer of vegetables. Though agricultural growth rate is not very high but future of Indian
agriculture is very promising (Varshney and Javalekar, 2015).
The Haryana State is the second highest contributor of food-grains to the central pool accounting
about 15.6 per cent of food-grains from 1.4 per cent area of the country and also second highest farm
household income (Rs. 174163) in the country. Since the base is already high and really enormous
although not impossible task to double the real income in a span of six to seven years from current level.

1
India's position in world agriculture
India with 329 million hectares of total area has only 2.4 per cent share of the world (13479
million hectare) is the seventh biggest country, while, with a land area of 297 million hectares has only
2.3 per cent share of the world land area (13009 million hectares).
India rank third in total cereals production (295 million tones) with a share of 10.5 per cent in
world total cereals production (2819 million tones) next to China and USA, while, in wheat (96 million
tones) and rice/paddy (157 million tones) production, it rank second in the world production of wheat
(729 million tones) as well as rice/paddy (741 million tones) with a share of 13.1 and 21.2 per cent,
respectively, next to China. India's position/rank is first in total pulses with a production of 20 million
tones with 25.8 per cent share in world total pulses production (78 million tones). In oilseeds
production; groundnut (7 million tones) with a 14.9 per cent share in world (44 million tones) it ranks
second next to China, while in rapeseed and mustard (8 million tones), its share is 10.7 per cent in world
production (74 million tones) and ranks third next to Canada and China.
For commercial crops, India's production of sugarcane (352 million tones) rank second next to
Brazil with a share of 18.7 per cent in world (1884 million tones) in sugarcane production; for cotton lint
production (6.19 million tones) with a share of 23.7 per cent in world (26.16 million tones) it rank
second next to China and rank first in the production of Jute and jute like fibres (2.07 million tones) with
a share of 56.8 per cent in world (3.65l million tones). India's share in tea (1.21 million tones) and coffee
(0.30 million tones) was 21.7 and 3.5 per cent in world production of (5.56 and 8.7 million tones) ranks
second and sixth, respectively.
In fruits and vegetable production, India ranks second next to China with a production of
vegetable and melons (127 million tones), fruits excluding melons (88 million tones), potatoes (46
million tones) and onion dry (19 million tones) shares 10.8, 12.8, 12.1 and 21.9 per cent in world
production of 1169, 690, 382 and 89 million tones, respectively.
In livestock population, cattle (187 millions head), buffaloes (110 millions head) and camel (0.38
millions head) with a share of 12.7, 56.6 and 1.4 per cent share in world livestock population of 1475,
194 and 28 millions head, respectively, it ranks second, first and twelfth, respectively. Furthermore, in
the animal products India's share for total milk (146314), total eggs - primary (3965) and total meat
(6601) thousand million tones was 18.3, 5.3 and 2.1 per cent in world production of 801649, 75524 and
317855 thousand million tones, respectively. India ranks first, third and sixth of total milk, total eggs and
total meat, respectively in world production of animal products.
To ensure that DFI mission is moving in the desired direction within stipulated time frame i.e.
2022, it is important that accurate information on certain indicators which reflect the farmers’ welfare is
generated and made available to monitor the situation. The most appropriate measure of farmers’ well-
being is the level of income.
Keeping in view this background and past experiences, there is a need to increase growth rate of
agriculture, which appears to be possible and desirable because of the following major challenges in
agriculture sector:
 Agriculture remained stuck to low growth trap, while the non-agriculture sector showed
dynamism after economic reforms in mid 1990’s.
 Disparities between agriculture and non-agriculture sector.

2
 Persistent agrarian distress with low farm incomes and aprox. 80 per cent farmers being small
and marginal due to fragmentation of the holdings.
 (Un) sustainable growth path i.e. sacrificing the long term benefits for short term gains e.g.
water table going down, green house gases rising resulting into climate change, soil
degradation, etc.
 Improving the viability and economy of small holders is vital as their small incomes not giving
them a decent living.
 Due to heavy population pressure, increased urbanization and industrialization a lot of irrigated
fertile land /cultivable land is being converted into non-agriculture uses.
 Serious policy distortions in agriculture, low or missing private sector participation at all levels,
conflicts between cropping patterns and resource endowments, resource use efficiency not
improving, imbalances in production and demand, etc.
 Under employment and over employment in rural areas, sharp decline in investment in
agriculture and regional imbalances in policy support.
To meet out these challenges and a goal to address the economic distress of the farmers,
“Doubling the real income of farmers till 2022-23 over 7 year period i.e. base year 2015-16, would
require annual growth of 10.41 to 12.25 per cent in farmers’ income.

Sources of growth

The sources of growth identified for doubling the farmers’ income are :

 Enhancing the productivity of crops and livestock;

 Improving the resource use efficiency;
 Area expansion through increasing crop intensity;
 Diversification towards high value crops;
 Better price realization by farmers through market reforms and market linkages;
 Focusing on allied activities to supplement the farmers income like beekeeping, mushroom
& baby corn cultivation, agro-forestry and on farm post harvest value addition;
 Converting the bio-waste to bio-wealth; and
 Shifting from farm to non-farm occupations, like village/agro-tourism.
For attaining the above said goal of DFI, ICAR, New Delhi constituted State-wise co-ordination
committees by Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR to develop strategies for doubling of
farmers' income by March 2022vide office order F. No. 5-4/2017-Cdn (Tech.) dated 6thMarch, 2017.

3
 INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
KRISHI BHAWAN, NEW DELHI

No.5-4/2017/Cdn (Tech) Dated : 6th March, 2017

OFFICE ORDER

Secretary (DARE) & DG, ICAR is pleased to constitute a State-wise Coordination Committees for
Doubling Farmer's Income by March, 2022.

The composition of the various Committees is depicted below :

HARYANA
i) Vice-Chancellor, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana – Chairman
ii) Director, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana – Convener
iii) Vice-Chancellor, Lala Lajpat Rai University of VAS (LUVAS), Hisar-125004 (Haryana) – Member
iv) Vice-Chancellor, Maharana Partap Horticultural University, Uchani, Karnal – Member
v) Director, Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Kunjpura Road, Karnal-132001, Haryana – Member
vi) Director, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal – Member
vii) Director, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Near Basant Vihar, Karnal-132001, Haryana – Member
viii) Director, Central Institute for Research of Buffaloes, Sirsa Road, Hisar-125001, Haryana – Member
ix) Director, NRC on Equines, Hisar-125001, Haryana – Member
x) Director, Agriculture, Govt. of Haryana – Member
xi) Director, Horticulture, Govt. of Haryana – Member
xii) Director (DG), Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Haryana – Member
xiii) Director, Fisheries, Govt. of Haryana – Member
xiv) Nominee of Secretary DAC&FW – Member
xv) Nominee of Secretary, DAHDF – Member
xvi) Nominee of Secretary, Ministry of Food Processing Industries – Member

The Chairman and the Convener of all the State Coordination Committees (SCCs) are requested
to convene the meetings of their respective SCCs within March 2017 and develop the concrete action
plan for doubling the farmers' income for their respective States and share with the Council in a time
bound manner not later than 15th of April 2017. The committees may study the existing productivity
and income levels in the respective states, to develop strategy needed to double the income of
farmers/agricultural labourers by March 2022. Area specific technology modules along with all possible
combinations may be developed for various agro ecological sub-regions as well as for different socio-
economic backgrounds within the State. The approach towards doubling farmers' income may focus on
raising productivity and diversification into high-value agriculture as well as providing avenues for
diversification of farm employment into non-farm high-income generating activities. The committees
may also make clear-cut recommendations on the institutional mechanism to review and monitor
implementation of the action plan to realize the goal and suggest midcourse correction.

The details of the meetings conducted by the Co-ordination Committee for Doubling Farmers’
Income in Haryana State are as follows (Table 1 & Annexure - I)

4
Table 1. Details of meetings and events conducted by Haryana SCC
S. Events/Meetings Organized by Period
No.
1. National Conference CCSHAU, Hisar March 9-10,2017
2. Haryana State Coordination ICAR-NDRI, Karnal April 29, 2017
Committee
3. Innovative Farmers’ Meet CCSHAU, Hisar in collaboration with May 30, 2017
Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)
4. One day interactive meet ICAR-CIRB, Hisar in collaboration with June 20, 2017
Haryana Kisan Aayog
5. ICAR-Directors & In-charge of ICAR ICAR-NDRI, Karnal October 21, 2017
institutes
6. Innovative Farmers’ Meet ICAR-NDRI, Karnal October 25, 2017

The mission of doubling the farmers income requires situational analysis and authenticated and
accurate information on certain indicators which reflect the farmers income. Therefore, in addition
above meetings, a good number of documents including research journals and presentation of Prof. M.
S. Swaminathan were consulted. At the same time the views of Prof. Ramesh Chand, Member NITI
Aayog and Dr. T. Mohatpatra, Secretary DARE & DG,ICAR during SCC meeting held at NASC Complex,
New Delhi on 3rd November 2017 were also taken into account while preparing this document. The
documents consulted are listed below.
(i) Agricultural Statistics at a glance, 2016
(ii) Economic Survey of Haryana, 2016-17
(iii) Haryana at a Glance, 2017
(iv) Working Group Report on Post Harvest Technolgy and value addition in Haryana, Haryana Kisan Ayog
(v) Proceedings of the Workshop on Promotion of HoneyBee Keeping in Haryana, Haryana Kisan Ayog
(vi) The Working Group Report on “Rainfed Area Development in Haryana”, Haryana Kisan Ayog
(vii) Working Group Report on Productivity Enhancement of Crops in Haryana, Haryana Kisan Ayog
(viii) Working Group Report on HaryanaState Agriculture Policy, Haryana Kisan Ayog
(ix) Haryana development report / Planning Commission, Government of India, 2009
(x) Agricultural Economics Research Review. Doubling Farmers’ Income: Options and Strategies, Vol.
30 (Conference issue), 2017.
(xi) National Skill Development Corporation Report, 2013.
Apart from these secondary sources for collecting information pertaining to various aspects of
farming and farm income, we have documented the success story of farmers and entrepreneurs to
whom scientific interventions were given by National Agriculture Research System(i.e., ICAR institutes
and SAUs).
Recognizing that the growing distress among farming community may disturb social equilibrium
and affect nation’s food security, the Government of India in its 2016-17, budget has set a policy target
of doubling farmers’ income (DFI) by 2022. This is indeed an important objective, as agriculture, besides
being critical to nation’s food security, remains one of the principal sources of livelihood for more than
half of the country’s population and is important for poverty reduction, especially in rural areas where
most of the poor people live. To alleviate agrarian distress, the government has announced a number of

5
innovative measures that include improving farmers’ access to institutions (i.e. credit, insurance,
information, common markets), development of infrastructure (i.e. irrigation, electricity and roads),
restoring soil health, improving efficiency of agricultural markets, expanding dairy processing facilities
and enhancing farmers’ capacity to diversify into non-farm activities. However, as there is no blanket
solution for all regions and the pathway to doubling income will be different for each state,
documentation of state specific situation therefore becomes essential.
This report mainly covers brief about Haryana state and its economy, agricultural production
scenario, sources of farmers’ income, gaps in agricultural productivity according to agro ecology and
zone-wise, possible routes to increase farmer’s income; some success stories of innovative farmers, and
specific interventions and anticipated economic benefits. But before discussing the strategies of
doubling income in Haryana, it is vital to see how good the State is positioned in terms of farmers’
income (Table 2).
Table 2. Growth rate required for doubling income in Haryana State
Farm Household Income CAGR (%)2 Doubling time in years @ given CAGR
(Rs./annum)
2002-03 2012-13 Nominal Real Nominal Real
34,584 1,73,208 17.48 2.24 4.30 31.28
Source: NSSO Reports 497 and 69

The annual income of farm household in Haryana ( Rs.1,73,208) is far higher than corresponding
national average (Rs. 77,888). It is mammoth task to double the real income in a span of six years from
current level since the base is already very high. At the current rate of growth, though the nominal
income can be doubled in about 4 years time, whereas, it would take 31 years to double the real
income. The growth in real income should be at the rate of about 12.25 per cent per annum so that the
goal of doubling the same can be achieved by 2022.

6
Compiled and Edited by : Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004,
and ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (Haryana) India.

Chairman : Prof. K. P. Singh, Vice Chancellor, CCSHAU, Hisar

Convenor : Dr. R. R. B. Singh, Director, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal

Contributors :

1. Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, Haryana

2. National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, Haryana
3. Lala Lajpat Rai University of VAS (LUVAS), Hisar-125004 Haryana
4. Maharana Partap Horticultural University, Uchani, Karnal, Haryana
5. Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Reseach, Kunjpura Road, Karnal, Haryana
6. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana
7. National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Near Basant Vihar, Karnal, Haryana
8. Central Institute for Research of Buffaloes, Sirsa Road, Hisar, Haryana
9. NRC on Equines, Hisar-125001, Haryana
10. Haryana Kisan Ayog, Panchkula
11. Haryana Space Applications Centre (HARSAC), Department of Science & Technology, Hisar.
12. Directrorate of Agriculture, Govt. of Haryana
13. Directrorate of Horticulture, Govt. of Haryana
14. Directrorate of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Haryana
15. Directrorate of Fisheries, Govt. of Haryana
16. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Pinjor(Panchkula), district Panchkula
17. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Ambala, district Ambala
18. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Kurukshetra, district Kurukshetra,
19. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Uchani (Karnal), district Karnal
20. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Ujha (Panipat), district Panipat
21. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Damla (Yamunanagar), district Yamunanagar
22. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Kaithal, district Kaithal
23. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Jagdishpur (Sonipat), district Sonipat
24. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Sirsa, district Sirsa
25. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Fatehabad, district Fatehabad
26. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Sadalpur (Hisar), district Hisar
27. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Pandu Pindara (Jind), district Jind
28. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Rohtak, district Rohtak
29. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Bhopani (Faridabad), district Faridabad
30. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Bhiwani, district Bhiwani
31. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Mahendergarh, district Mahendergarh
32. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Bawal (Rewari), district Rewari
33. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Jhajjar, district Jhajjar
34. Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Mandkola (Mewat), district Nuh

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2. STATE PROFILE
2.1 General Information :
Haryana in Northern India is located between 27° 37' to 30° 35' latitude and between 74° 28' to
77° 36' longitude. It is surrounded by Uttar Pradesh (UP) on the east, Punjab on the west, Uttaranchal,
Himachal Pradesh & Shivalik Hills on the north and Delhi, Rajasthan and Aravali Hills on the south. The
altitude of Haryana varies between 700 ft to 900 ft above the sea level. An area of 1,553 sq km is
covered by forests. The state has a total of 81 cities & towns and 6,759 villages. For administrative
purpose, the state has been divided into four divisions (Ambala, Rohtak, Gurgaon and Hissar) and 22
districts. With the introduction of green revolution technology in the state, there is significant increase
in canal and tube-well irrigation, use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which have increased the
agricultural production manifolds but have simultaneously created many serious problems such as
increase in soil salinity and sodicity, decline in fresh water table aquifer and rise in brackish water
table etc.
Situated in northwest, Haryana is one of the leading agriculture state of the country. It is also
the most intensively cultivated (184 % cropping intensity) state. Farmers have continued to grow rice
and wheat as dominant crops due to government incentives and market price ignoring the suitability of
soil, climatic conditions and long term repercussions. The inappropriate land use and introduction of
canal irrigation have resulted in soil degradation, soil erosion (8.5% by water and 12% by wind), salinity
and alkalinity (9.7%) and water-logging (3.3%), besides nutrient losses as well as depletion of ground
water at an alarming rate. The problems of salinity, sodicity and water-logging have been attributed to
irrigation without providing drainage in the aeo-fluvial plains of semi-arid region of Haryana.
Salinity and sodicity has been created in the highly intensive canal irrigation areas in the central
and eastern part of the state. Water table is falling in the central east zone due to over exploitation of
ground water where rice –wheat crop rotation is plasticized. It has gone down by of 6.0-7.5 m in a short
span of 10 years and thus, has increased the cost of irrigation. Soil fertility has also been declined here
due the constant growing of nutrients exhaustive rice and wheat crops. The above situations, thus, pose
serious threats to sustainability of agriculture in this high productive zone of the state. The contribution
of the State in the National Gross Domestic Product at constant (2011-12) prices has been estimated to
be 3.5 percent as per (Economic survey of Haryana, 2016-17).
2.2 Agro and Sub Agro-Climatic Zones:
Haryana falls in the Agro Climatic Zone-VI, which is called “Trans-Gangetic Plains Region”, two
sub agro-climatic zones (Eastern and Western Zone), by Planning Commission (Map 1a.) The four main
geographical features of the state are: Shivalik Hills, Ghaggar Yamuna Plain, Semi-desert sandy plain and
Aravali hills. Rivers like Saraswati, Ghaggar, Tangri and Markanda originate from the Shivalik Hills.
Ghaggar Yamuna Plain is made up of sand, clay, silt and hard calcareous balls like gravel known locally as
“kankar”. This plain forms the largest part of the state. The other two regions are dry hilly areas and
share its borders with Rajasthan. Most of the land of Haryana is flat, covered with loamy soil which is
very suitable for agriculture. Haryana falls in the Seismic Zones II, III & IV creating low to moderate
damage risk from Earthquakes. But the state comes under the “Cyclonic Zone” creating very high
damage risk.

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 Map1a. Agro Climatic Zone of Haryana State (Source : Haryana State Action Plan on Climate Change)

2.2.a Agricultural Zones in the State

For doubling income, a plan that puts in place the right combination of measures that will work
for the particular agro-ecological/climatic zone within the state need to be worked out.Based on ecology
and cropping pattern, Haryana is delineated (Table 3 and Map 1b) into the following three zones. These
zones have their own strength and weaknesses. Accordingly, the policy options are need to implement.
Table 3 : Agricultural Zones of the State
Zone District Area (%) Agricultural Option
I Panchkula, Ambala, 32 Wheat, rice, sugarcane,
Yamunanagar, maize, cows, buffaloes,
Kurukshetra, Kaithal, fruits, vegetables,
Karnal, Panipat, floriculture, bee keeping,
Sonipat, mushroom and poultry
II Sirsa, Fatehabad, 39 Wheat, paddy, cotton,
Hisar, Faridabad, pearl millet, rapeseed,
Palwal, Jind and mustard, cows, buffaloes,
Rohtak, bee keeping and poultry.
II Bhiwani, Charkhi 29 Wheat, pearl millet,
Dadri, rapeseed, mustard Mewat
Mahendergarh, area is also suitable for
Rewari, Gurugram, agroforestry, sheep and
Jhajjar, and Nuh goat rearing.
(Mewat) Map 1(b) Ecology and Agricultural Zone
Note: Zone I and II have better irrigation and infrastructure facilities
Source: Haryana Kisan Ayog, 2013

9
 Past experiences have also shown that Haryana is small but agriculturally important state with
impressive agricultural growth, rapid urbanization and changes in consumption patterns, also have
diverse agro-ecology and cropping patterns with impressive growth not only in crop sectors but also in
allied sectors i.e. livestock, fishery, forestry, horticulture, poultry, etc. Based on ecology and cropping
pattern, the state can be divided into three agro-eco regions. Zone I: constitutes nearly 32 per cent of
total area of the State consists of eight districts, namely Panchkula, Ambala, Kaithal, Kurukshetra,
Yamunanagar, Karnal, Panipat and Sonepat. Zone II: consists of seven districts namely Sirsa, Fatehabad,
Hisar, Jind, Rohtak, Faridabad and Palwal covering 39 per cent of total area of the State. Zone III:
consists of six districts, namely Bhiwani, Charkhi Dadri Mahendergarh, Rewari, Jhajjar, Gurgaon and
Mewat/Nuh districts covering nearly 29 per cent of the total area of the State. The area falling under
Zone I and II are ideal for crop diversification with wheat, rice, pulses, cotton and sugarcane as well as
raising dairy cows, buffaloes, poultry and beekeeping as these zones have better irrigation facilities and
overall infrastructure, however, the Kandi area in these zone have serious problem of soil and water
erosion and hence they are suitable for agro-forestry and agro-horticulture systems. Zone III is having
major area under pearl-millet and rapeseed & mustard, and is also suitable for arid-horticulture, agro-
forestry, sheep and goat rearing, etc. The major cropping systems followed in the State are rice-wheat,
bajra-wheat, cotton-wheat, and sugarcane-wheat. The gross cropped area in the State was 65.05 lakh
hectare in 2011-12. About 3.069 m ha (84 % of cultivated area) was irrigated and the cropping intensity
had been over 184 %. The State is second largest contributor to the central food grains pool and largest
exporter of basmati rice.
2.2.b Land use and cropping pattern
The total geographical area of 1.2 2.5
Net sown area
Haryana is 4.421 million hectares and the
14.8
area under forest is 38000 hectares
Forest
(0.9%). The cultivable area is 3.656
million hectare (80.6% of total
0.9 land not
geographical area) and the net area sown avaiable for
is 3.522 million hectare (93.6% of cultivation
other
cultivable area). The gross cropped area unclutivated
is 6.536 million hectare and the area fellow land
Fellow land
sown more than once is 3.014 million
hectare with the cropping intensity of
184.39%. The net irrigated area is 2.973
million hectare (By canals- 45.3%, By
Tube wells- 54.2% and by others – 0.5%).
80.6
The gross irrigated area is 5.446 million
Land Utilization in Haryana, 2014-15 (%)
hectare and the percentage of net
irrigated sown area is 82.3%. The total number of land holdings is 15.28 lakh out of which 7.34 lakh
(46.1%) are marginal farmers; average land holding is 2.25 hectares against 1.15 hectares at India level.
Total number of operational holdings, area operated by all size groups and average size holdings was
1617 thousands, 3646 thousand hectare and 2.25 hectares respectively in the state. (Statistical Abstract
of Haryana (2014-15).

10
2.2.1 Land use and holding size
Land use is one of the important indicators of the agricultural development. The higher the
proportion of net sown area to the total geographical area and percent area sown more than once, are
the good sign for agricultural development. In Haryana, percent net sown area to total geographical
area is less but percent area sown more than once is higher than country level (Table 4).
Table 4. Land use in Haryana and India

Unit Haryana state India

Area under forest Percent 4.00 21.85
Net sown area Thousand Hect. 3,497 1,41,428
Area sown more than once Thousand Hect 2,974 59,431
Total cropped area Thousand Hect 6,471 2,00,859
Area sown more than once to net sown area Percent 85.04 42.02
Average size of holdings Hect. 2.25 1.16
Source: Economic Survey of Haryana, 2016-17

In comparison to the national average, Haryana is better placed as far as average size of holding
and area sown more than once is concerned.The size-wise distribution of land holdings (Table 5) shows
that a majority of farmers belonged to marginal and small farmer categories.
Table 5. Land holding pattern

Size class Distribution of land holding

Number Share (%) Area (ha) Share (%)
Marginal (0-1 ha) 5861 37.99 2635 4.51
Small (1-2 ha) 2412 15.63 3567 6.10
Semi Medium (2-4 ha) 2301 14.91 6606 11.30
Medium (4-10 ha) 3044 19.73 19710 33.73
Large (>10 ha) 1811 11.74 25920 44.35
Source: Ag. Census, 2011

Cropping Pattern :
Haryana is often called the “Food Mine” of the country. About 80 per cent of the population of
the state is agriculture dependent, directly or indirectly. Haryana is self sufficient in producing food
grains and is also a major contributor of food grains in meeting the needs of other states of the country.
The world famous Basmati Rice is produced here in abundance. The major cereals produced in the state
include wheat, rice, maize and bajra. The crop production of Haryana can be broadly divided
into Rabi and Kharif. The main kharif crops in the state include sugarcane, groundnut, maize and paddy
etc. The minor kharif crops are chillies, bajra, jawar, pulses and vegetables. The North Western part of
the state is suitable for the cultivation of rice, wheat, vegetable and temperate fruits and the south-
western part is suitable for high quality agricultural produce, tropical fruits, exotic vegetables, herbal
and medicinal plants.

11
 The contribution of area under wheat and paddy crops to the total gross area sown in the State
was 60.73 per cent during 2015-16. The area under wheat crop was 25.76 lakh hectares during 2015-16.
The area under paddy crop was 13.54 lakh hectares in 2015-16. The area under commercial crops i.e.
sugarcane, cotton and oilseeds has fluctuating trends. The production of total food grains in the State
was likely to be 163.33 lakh tonne in 2015-16. The production of rice was 41.45 lakh tonne in 2015-16.
Similarly, the production of wheat was 113.52 lakh tonne in 2015-16. The production of oilseeds and
sugarcane during 2015-16 was 8.67 lakh tonne and 69.92 lakh tonne respectively. The production of
cotton was estimated 9.93 lakh bales in 2015-16. Haryana is a major contributor of food-grains to the
Central Pool. More than 60 percent export of Basmati Rice is taking place from Haryana alone. The
average yield of wheat and rice in Haryana was 3,981 and 3,113 kg. per hectare respectively during
2014-15. The average yield of wheat and rice during 2015-16 is to be estimated 4,407 and 3,061 kgs per
hectare respectively, in the State. Area, production and productivity of major crops is given Table 6.
Table 6 : Crop wise area, average yield and production of major crops in Haryana (2013-17)
S. Items 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
No. A Y P A Y P A Y P A Y P
A) Kharif foodgrains
1. Rice 1244 3248 4041 1277 3124 3989 1354 3061 4145 1386 3213 4453
2. Jowar 62 550 34 54 500 27 53 525 28 62 533 33
3. Maize 8 3000 24 9 2000 18 6 2833 17 5 3400 17
4. Bajra 403 2057 829 393 1739 683 370 1762 652 478 2017 964
5. Kh. Pulses 19 789 15 15 830 12 16 640 10 43 635 27
Total 1736 2847 4943 1748 2705 4729 1799 2697 4852 1974 2783 5494
B) Rabi Foodgrains
6. Wheat 2499 4722 11800 2628 3979 10457 2576 4407 11352 2558 4841 12384
7. Gram 83 867 72 65 631 42 42 619 26 37 1179 44
8. Barley 39 3872 151 35 3143 110 29 3414 99 20 3658 73
9. Rabi Pulses 4 1000 4 3 1000 3 4 1000 4 5 1000 5
Total 2625 4582 12027 2731 3886 10612 2651 4331 11481 2620 4773 12506
Total (A&B) 4361 3891 16970 4479 3425 15341 4449 3671 16333 4594 3918 18000
C) Commercial Crops
10. Sugarcane 101 73535 7427 96 73281 7035 93 75183 6992 102 80614 8223
11 Cotton(Lint) 567 608 2027 647 509 1939 615 274 993 570 609 2041
12. Kh. Oilseeds 8 1000 8 6 1000 6 5 943 5 8 981 8
13. Rabi Oilseeds 537 1639 880 482 1434 691 512 1669 824 510 1853 945
14. Sunflower 4 2750 11 11.6 2767 32 9 1644 14.8 8.7 1702 14.8
Total Oilseeds 549 1638 899 500 1458 729 526 1605 844 527 1837 968
15. Summer Moong 47 650 30 20 650 13 64 683 44 64 781 50
16. Guar 481 767 369 406 832 338 457 832 380 315 787 248
Kharif (Total) 2893 5107 14774 2899 4845 14047 2969 4453 13222 2969 5394 16014
Rabi (Total) 3213 4030 12948 3297 3442 11347 3236 3821 12364 3203 4220 13516
Total 6106 4540 27722 6196 4098 25394 6205 4123 25586 6172 4785 29530
Note : A=Area in ‘000’ hectares; Y=Average Yield in kgs/ha; P=Production in ‘000’ tonnes/in case of cotton bales of 170 kgs each.
Source : Directorate of Agriculture, Government of Haryana

2.2.c Natural resource endowments

Haryana state is not bestowed with bounty of natural forests. Forest Cover 1586 sq.km (3.59%)
and tree covers 1282 sq. km (2.90%) of the state's geographical area. Thorny, dry, deciduous forest and
thorny shrubs can be found all over the state. During the monsoon, a carpet of grass covers the hills.
Mulberry, eucalyptus, pine, kikar, shisham and babul are some of the trees found here. The species of
fauna found in the state of Haryana include black buck, nilgai, panther, fox, mongoose, jackal and wild
dog. More than 300 species of birds are found here. Haryana has two national parks, eight wildlife
sanctuaries, two wildlife conservation areas, four animal and bird breeding centers, one deer park and
three zoos.

12
 Haryana has an extensive irrigation network consisting of 59 main canals having length of
1498.69 km, 1326 numbers. Distributaries and minors are having a length of 12328.10 km. The net
irrigated area is 2.936 million hectare (canals- 45.3%, Tube wells- 54.2% and by others – 0.5%). The gross
irrigated area is 5.446 million hectare and the percentage of net irrigated sown area is 82.3%. Besides,
the state is the principal holder of country's resources of tin (64%), quartz-silica sand (52%) and
quartzite (49%). The principal minerals occurring in Haryana are china clay in Faridabad, Gurugran and
Rewari districts; limestone in Ambala, Bhiwani, Mahendragarh and Panchkula districts; quartz/silica sand
in Bhiwani, Faridabad, Gurgaon and Mahendragarh districts; quartzite in Faridabad and Gurgaon
districts; slate in Mahendragarh and Gurgaon districts.
Climate :
The State has three distinct seasons, viz. winter (November–March), summer (April–June) and
Rainy season (July–October). The rainfall occurs during the months of July–September with occasional
showers during December–January. The range of rainfall in this region varied between 160-751
mm. The summers are generally quite hot and winters are fairly cool.
Temperature :
Haryana is extremely hot in summer at around 45 °C (113 °F) and mild in winter. The hottest
months are May and June and the coldest December and January. The location of the state in the
northern plains of India makes the place very hot during summer and too cold during winter. However,
the different climatic conditions of this state of northern India experiences three distinctive seasons. The
months of May and June are the hottest months where temperature rises up to 50° C whereas the
months of December and January are the coldest months of the year where the temperature can go
down to as low as 1° C. The rainy season in Haryana sets in during the month of July and continues till
September. 80 per cent of the total rainfall occurs during this period, which even causes flood at times.
Rainfall :
Rainfall recorded in the region is low and erratic in most parts excepting some areas of the
Karnal and Ambala districts. Siwalik Hills region receive highest rainfall and the Aravalli Hills region
record the least rainfall. Monsoon season normally spans from July to September and it sometimes
causes local flooding. Winter rains are usually received between December and February. Maximum
rainfall is recorded from Ambala area, being 47.16 inches (119.78cm) per annum, but it is sporadic in
other areas. The average annual rainfall recorded from the state is about 650 mm and varies from less
than 300 mm in southwestern parts to over 1000 mm in the Siwalik Hills region. The three main climatic
regions of the state are - hot arid region, hot semi arid region and hot sub-humid region. The mean
rainfall (mm) recorded in hot arid region ranges from 300 mm-500 mm, whereas 500 mm - 750 mm in
the hot semi arid region and 750 mm - 1050 mm in the hot sub humid region of the state. The mean
temperatures recorded in the three regions are 27o C, 26o C, and 24o C, respectively.
Physiography :
i. Shivalik Hills: altitude varying between 900 to 2300 meters. These hills are the source of the
rivers like Saraswati, Ghaggar, Tangri and Markanda. Parts of Panchkula, Ambala and
Yamunanagar districts.

13
ii. Ghaggar Yamuna Plain: Divided in 2 parts - the higher one is called 'Bangar' and the lower
'Khadar'. This alluvium plain is made up of sand, clay, silt and hard calcareous balls like gravel
known locally as kankar.
iii. Semi-desert sandy plain: This area includes the districts of Sirsa and parts of Hissar,
Mahendergarh, Fatehbad, Bhiwani and shares border with Rajasthan.
iv. Aravali hills: This is a dry irregular hilly area.
Relief and Drainage :
Haryana has two major physiographic regions: the flat alluvial plain covering most of the state
and, in the northeast, a strip of the highly dissected Siwalik (Shiwalik) Range(including the narrow
foothill zone). Remnants of the Aravalli Range, which stretches from southwestern Rajasthan to Delhi,
are evident in parts of southern Haryana.
The alluvial plain lies at an elevation of 700 to 900 feet (210 to 270 metres) and is drained by only one
perennial river, the Yamuna, located on the state's eastern border. Many seasonal streams flowing from
the Siwalik Range pass through the area, however, the most notable of these is the Ghaggar (near the
state's northern boundary).
Geology :
The geology of Haryana is predominated by the Quaternary alluvium and aeolian sediments
covering nearly 95% of area. The rest of the area comprises Proterozoic and Tertiary rocks exposed in
the southern and northeastern extremities of the state, respectively.
Soils & salinity :
The soils of Haryana are generally deep and fertile. There are some exceptions, however,
including the eroded lands of the hilly northeast and the sandy areas of the southwest that fringe the
Thar (Great Indian) Desert of Rajasthan. Most of the state‟s land is arable, but much requires irrigation.
Generally, salinity of groundwater occurring in areas falling under semi-arid and arid
agroclimatic zone is moderately to fairly high. There are number of places in the south of the state
where EC values of ground water have been found to be more than 10000 micro siemens per cm making
water unpalatable.
Rivers of Haryana :
Haryana has no perennial rivers. The important rivers are Yamuna, the Saraswati and the
Ghaggar. Several small streams flows through the state they are the Markanda, the Sahibi and Indori.
Yamuna is the most important river in the state. It has its source in the hills at Kalesar and is the source
of irrigation for large tracts in the districts of Ambala, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Hissar and Rohtak through
the western Yamuna canals. The river Saraswati begins in the large depression at Kalawar in the north of
the Mustafabad Pargana of Jagadhri. The Ghaggar rises in the outer Himalayan ranges between the
Yamuna and the Sutlej.
Demographics :
The population of Haryana in 2011 was 253.51 lakhs comprising 1,34.95 lakhs males and 1,18.56
lakhs females. It formed 2.09 per cent of India’s population. Rural population as percentage of total

14
population was 65.12 per cent, while urban population was 34.88 per cent. Population density in the
State was 573/km2. The sex ratio in the state is 877 females per 1000 males. Hindus have the majority
population in the state and people from religions such as Muslims, Sikhs, Jains and Christians account
for the rest of the population. People belonging to different communities including Dalits and Valmikis
also constitute the population of the state.
2.2.d Important development indicators :
• State Economy and contribution of agriculture
• Physical and Financial infrastructure
• Government support programme
• Agricultural related institutions
Based on indicators such as access to the economy, physical and social infrastructure, reached
of government support programme and presence of private initiatives, the villages in Haryana are
considered to be well equipped and stand at second place after Kerala in overall ranking.
2.3 Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)
The GSDP in 2016-17 is expected to reach at the level of Rs. 4,34,607.93 crore as per advance
estimate with the growth of 8.7 percent at constant (2011-12) prices (Fig. 1).The real growth of 8.7
percent recorded in GSDP of the State in 2016-17 is higher than the All India GDP growth of 7.1 percent
(Economic survey of Haryana, 2016-17).

600000
At Current Price
At Constant (2011-12)
500000
GSDP (in Rs. Crore)

400000

300000

200000

100000

0
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14(P) 2014-15(P) 2015-16(Q) 2016-17(A)

Q: Quick Estimates, A: Advance Estimates

Source: Department of Economic & Statistical Analysis, Haryana

Fig. 1. Gross State Domestic Product of Haryana

15
2.4 Agriculture & Allied Sector
The agriculture sector has always been an important contributor to the Gross State Domestic
Product (GSDP). However, economic growth of the State is pronounced towards industry and service
sector during recent time. As per Quick Estimates for 2015-16, the GSVA for Agriculture and Allied
Sector has been recorded as Rs. 65,628.12 crore as against the Provisional Estimate of Rs. 63,779.52
crore in 2014-15 with the growth of 2.9 percent. As per the Advance Estimates for 2016-17, the GSVA
from this sector has been recorded as Rs. 69,826.63 crore with the growth of 6.4 percent. The GSVA
from Agriculture Sector including crops and livestock has been estimated as Rs. 65,158.96 crore with
the growth of 6.6 percent whereas the GSVA from forestry & logging and fishing sub-sectors has been
recorded as Rs. 3,397.82 crore and Rs. 1,269.85 crore with the growth of -2.6 and 26.6 percent
respectively during the year 2016-17 (Table7).
Table 7 : GSVA from Agriculture and Allied Sector at Constant (2011-12) Prices. (Rs. In Crore)

Sector 2015-16 (Q) 2016-17 (A)

Crops & Livestock 61135.62 (3.1) 65158.96 (6.6)
Forestry & Logging 3489.41 (-2.5) 3397.82 (-2.6)
Fishing 1003.09 (11.4) 1269.85 (26.6)
Agriculture & Allied 65628.12 (2.9) 69826.63 (6.4)

The contribution of the agriculture &allied sector at constant (2011-12) prices went down to
only 17.8 percent of the GSVA during the year 2016-17 (Economic Survey of Haryana, 2016-17).The
advanced estimates of growth in real value added of agriculture and allied sector during 2016-17 are
also higher for Haryana (6.4 % at 2011-12 prices) than the national estimates (4.1%). The contribution of
forestry and fisher sub-sector is low, i.e, 5 and 2 percent respectively (Fig. 2).The growth of agriculture
and allied Sector continued to be a critical factor in the overall performance of the State economy.
Crops and livestock Forestry Fishing

2016-17 (A)

2015-16 (Q)

2014-15 (P)

2013-14 (P)

2012-13

2011-12

52000 54000 56000 58000 60000 62000 64000 66000 68000 70000
Amount in Rs. Crore

Fig. 2. GSVA from agriculture and allied sector at constant price (2011-12)

The growth in GSVA in 2015-16 improved to 8.4 percent because of higher growth recorded in
Services (10.9%) and Industry (7.9%) sectors. During the year 2016-17, the growth in GSVA further

16
improved to 8.6 percent which is mainly due to the higher growth recorded in Services (10.8%) and
Agriculture & Allied (6.4%) sectors. This growth of 8.6 percent in State GSVA in 2016-17 is higher as
compared to the All India GVA growth of 7.0 per cent (Table 8).

Table 8 : Growth in Gross State Value Added at Constant (2011-12) Prices. (Percent)
Sector Haryana All India
2016-17 (A) 2016-17 (A)
Agriculture & Allied 6.4 4.1
Industry 6.4 5.2
Services 10.8 8.8
GSVA 8.6 7.0
GSDP 8.7 7.1
A: Advance Estimates
Source: Department of Economic and Statistical Analysis, Haryana.

Some vital statistics of Haryana State and existing agricultural production status are given in
Box 1 & 2.
Box 1. Haryana State Economy: Vital Statistics

• Gross State Value Added (GSVA) from agriculture and allied activities in 2016-17:
Rs. 69826.63 crores (2011-12 prices) = 17.8% of the total GSVA
• Estimated growth in real value added (at 2011-12 prices) from agriculture 2015/16- 2016/17 : 6.4% > all-
India growth 4.1%
• Workforce employed in agriculture: 51%
• Av. Size of land-holding: 2.25 hec. (All-India average 1.16 hec.)
• Marginal, small and semi-medium farmers: 67%
• Cropping intensity >184%
• Net irrigated to net sown area: 85%

Box 2. Existing status of Agricultural Production in Haryana state

• Foodgrain Production (2015-16): 16.37 million tonnes
 Second highest contributor of food-grains to the central pool: 15.6% of food-grains despite of only
1.4% area of the country
 Wheat 11.35 million tonnes, Rice 4.1 million tonnes
• Average productivity of total food grains: 35.27q/ha as against 19.2 q/ha at national level
• Livestock Wealth: 8.8 million
 Cattle: 1.8 million (55% crossbred)
 Buffaloes: 6.1 million
• Poultry : 42.8 million
• Milk Production (2015-16): 8.4 million tonnes
• Fish Production: 121 thousand tonnes

17
3. INFRASTRUCTURE FOR AGRICULTURE AND GOVERNMENT PROGRAMMES
Government took decisive and speedy policy initiatives to transform the rural economy through
infrastructural and technology support to agriculture sector. Strengthening of basic infrastructure for
the development of agriculture was the first priority. In this endeavour, manifold expansion such as :
facilities for irrigation, land reclamation, soil & water testing, electricity availability, input supply, quality
testing laboratories for farm inputs, post harvest processing, transportation, storage, and marketing was
done to build the capacity of this sector.
The ICAR and Central Government Institutions located in the State also helped in strengthening
agricultural education, technology development and extension programmes in the State. A vibrant
technology transfer system, which is considered a model for other States of India, was also nurtured.
This system has inbuilt mechanism of research institutions working closely with the State Departments
of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Horticulture and other line departments, agricultural field
functionaries, planners, administrators, farmers and other stakeholders. The major institutions
established in the State to strengthen agriculture are:
3.1 Education, Research and Extension facilities
 Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
 College of Agriculture
 College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology
 College of Basic Sciences & Humanities
 Indira Chakravarty College of Home Science
 College of Agriculture, Kaul
 College of Agriculture, Bawal
Exclusive Extension Functionaries:
 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) in each district under the direction of Directorate of Extension
Education. Two NGO run KVKs, one KVK under IARI and EEI, Nilokheri.
 Agricultural Technology Information Centre (ATIC)
 Community Radio Station (CRS)
 Saina-Nehwal Institute of Agricultural Technology, Training and Education (SNIATTE), Hisar
 Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar comprising of two colleges
and six disease investigation laboratories
 Maharana Pratap Horticultural University, Anjanthali, Karnal
 Haryana Agriculture Management and Extension Training Institute, Jind
 ICAR Institutes Located in the State:
 National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
 Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal
 Directorate of Wheat Research, Karnal
 IARI Regional Station, Karnal
 Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Regional Research Station, Karnal
 Central Institute for Cotton Research, Regional Station, Sirsa
 Central Soil and Water Conservation Research and Training Institute, Research Centre,
Panchkula / Chandigarh
 Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar
 National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal
 National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar
 Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Rohtak

18
 Central Government Institutions:
 Regional Station for Forage Seed Production & Demonstration, Govt. of India, Hisar
 Central State Farm, Hisar
 Tractor Training Centre, Govt. of India, Ministry of Agriculture, Hisar
Other institutes related to Agriculture in Haryana
 Haryana Agriculture Management and Extension Training Institute, Jind
 State Seed Development Corporations (HSDC),
 Haryana State Seed Certification Agency (HSSCA),
 Haryana State Agriculture Marketing Board(HSAMB),
 Haryana State Cooperative Supply and Marketing Federation Limited (HAFED),
 Land Reclamation and Development Corporation (HLRDC),
 Agro-Industries Corporation,
 Agriculture and Rural Development Bank,
 Dairy Development Board,
 Dairy Development Cooperative Federation,
 Haryana State Federation of Cooperative Sugar mills etc.
Marketing infrastructure plays crucial role in increasing the efficiency of the agricultural
transactions. Strengthening and modernization of existing agricultural markets, including those of
wholesale, rural, periodic in nature is required. Additional agricultural marketing infrastructure to cope
up with the large expected marketable surpluses of agricultural and allied commodities including dairy,
poultry, fishery, livestock and minor forest produce etc. be developed.
3.2 Programmes/Schemes of Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, Government of Haryana
 Scheme for promotion of sustainable agriculture – strategic initiatives.
 Scheme for promotion of crop diversification.
 Scheme for stocking and distribution of fertilizers by institutional agencies.
 Scheme for strengthening of agricultural extension infrastructure.
 Scheme for agricultural engineering and trial boring.
 Scheme for providing soil and water testing services to the farmers.
 Scheme for setting up strengthening of biological control laboratory, Sirsa
 Scheme for quality control on agriculture inputs.
 Scheme for technology mission on sugarcane.
 Scheme for agricultural extension training services to farmers.
 Scheme for national project on management of soil health and fertility.
 Scheme for improvement of agriculture statistics.
 Scheme for providing implement on subsidy to farmers groups and SC farmers.
 Pradhan mantri fasal bima yojna.
 Scheme for development of saline/ waterlogged soils in haryana state.
 Scheme for integrated watershed development and management project in the state.
 Scheme for providing assistance on adoption of water saving technologies.
 Scheme for promotion of cotton cultivation in haryana state.
3.3 Recent Initiatives Undertaken by the Government of Haryana
 Announcement of minimum support price in selected fruits and vegetables.
 Enhancement of sugarcane price @ Rs. 10/q and thereby increasing to the tune of Rs. 2500-
3000 per acre.
 Bhavantar Bharpai Yojana will be implemented from 1st January, 2018.

19
4. PRODUCTIVITY GAPS AND MAJOR CONSTRAINTS
4.1 Agriculture Scenario in Haryana
Haryana has been playing a vital role in the economic growth and agricultural development of
the country. Agriculture, with around 16 per cent share in GDP, is still the single largest source of
employment in the state as it engages 51 per cent of total workforce of the state. The strong
infrastructure facilities coupled with agriculture research support and extension network provided much
needed impetus to agriculture development in the State. The State is the second highest contributor of
food-grains to the central pool accounting for about 15.6 per cent of food-grains despite of only 1.4 per
cent area of the country. The major cropping systems are: rice-wheat, bajra-wheat, cotton-wheat, and
sugarcane-wheat. The State has undergone a rapid change in cropping pattern with the increase in
irrigation facilities. For instance, now paddy occupies 49% area (only 12% in 1966-67), reducing area
mainly under pearl millet, sorghum and pulses. Similarly, in rabi season gram occupied 48% of area
under major rabi crops followed by wheat (33%) during 1966-67 but wheat now occupies maximum area
(79%) reducing the area of gram, barley and other crops (Haryana Kisan Ayog, 2013). The area and
production of principal crops sown in the state is presented in Fig. 3 & 4.

Wheat Paddy Sugarcane Cotton Oilseeds

3000

2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
2010-11 2011-12 20012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Wheat 2504 2531 2497 2499 2601 2576
Paddy 1243 1234 1206 1245 1287 1354
Sugarcane 85 95 101 101 97 93
Cotton 493 602 593 568 648 615
Oilseeds 515 546 568 549 510 510

Fig. 3. Area under Principal Crops in Haryana

Wheat and paddy crops have played a major role in pushing up the agricultural production.
More than 60% basmati is being produce in Haryana alone (Economic Survey of Haryana, 2016-17). The
status of critical inputs such as soil and water is alarming in the state. About 70% soils have low (<0.4%)
Organic Carbon Matter (OCM). Only 37% sub-soil waters are of good quality and about 55 and, 8 %
waters are of poor, and marginal quality. Around 19% area is under rain-fed.

20
 Wheat Rice Sugarcane Cotton Oilseeds

14000
12000
10000
'000' tonne

8000
6000
4000
2000
0
2010-11 2011-12 20012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Wheat 11578 13119 11117 11800 10354 11352
Rice 3465 3757 3941 4010 4006 4145
Sugarcane 6042 6953 7500 7427 7169 7169
Cotton 1747 2616 2378 2025 1943 993
Oilseeds 965 758 968 900 743 855
Fig. 4. Production of Principal Crops in Haryana

4.2 Farm Household Income :

The average income of the farm household in Haryana is also higher than the national average.
The state of Haryana has second highest farm household income (Rs. 174163) in the country, which is
more than twice the all-India average of Rs. 77888 per household. Further, the annual growth rates of
total farm household income (Table 9 and Fig. 5) during the decade 2002-03 to 2012-13 have been
highest (8.3%) in Haryana (NSSO, 2013-14). The grain based cropping system is the main source of
income (54.5%), followed by wages and salaries (24.2%) and animal (18.3%). The share of high value
crops in crop in income is negligible (0.3%). Non-farm business activities (3.0%) arealso not an important
income source in the state (Birthal et al., 2017). Further, the annual growth rates of total farm
household income during the decade 2002-03 to 2012-13 have been highest (8.3%) in Haryana.
Table 9 : Source wise average annual farm household income

Income sources All India Haryana

Farming 36960 (47) 94411 (54)
Livestock 9943 (13) 32678 (19)
Non-farm Business 6138 (08) 5201 (3)
Wages and Salaries 24847 (32) 41873 (24)
Total Annual Income 77888 (100) 174163(100)
Note: Figures in parentheses indicate the percentage share of income component in total income.
Source : NSSO (2013-14)

21
 200000

180000
All India Haryana
Percapita household income(Rs.)

160000

140000

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
Farming Livestock Nonfarm Business Wages and Salaries Total Annual Income

Fig.5: Source wise average annual farm household income

The growth in real income should be at the rate of about 12.25 per cent per annum to that the
goal of doubling the same can be achieved by 2022
4.2.1 Farm Households’ Income: Major Sources
Income estimates and sources of income across states are given in Table 10 given below. The
share of income derived from crop cultivation is relatively higher in Punjab, Haryana, Chhattisgarh,
Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand; while the least is noticed in case of J&K, Tamil Nadu
and West Bengal. The income from farming of animals occupies larger share in Haryana, Gujarat, Odisha,
Jharkhand and Andhra Pradesh; while least is observed in Kerala, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and West
Bengal. It is surprising to note that Chhattisgarh derives total income only from crops and wages; thus,
the state needs special consideration in terms of preparation of strategic plan of the state.
Table 10 : Average monthly Income and sources of income across states (July 2012-June 2013)
(Rs. per agricultural household)
State/UTs Income Net Receipt Net Receipt Net Receipt Total
From From From Farming From Non- Income
Wages Cultivation of Animals Farm Business
Andhra Pradesh 2482 2022 1075 400 5979
Arunachal Pradesh 2076 6647 1310 836 10869
Assam 1430 4211 799 255 6695
Bihar 1323 1715 279 240 3558
Chhattisgarh 1848 3347 -19 1 5177
Gujarat 2683 2933 1930 380 7926
Haryana 3491 7867 2645 431 14434
Himachal Pradesh 4030 2876 1047 824 8777
Jammu & Kashmir 7336 3063 801 1483 12683
Jharkhand 1839 1451 1193 238 4721
Karnataka 2677 4930 600 625 8832
Kerala 5254 3531 575 2529 11888
Madhya Pradesh 1332 4016 732 129 6210

22
 State/UTs Income Net Receipt Net Receipt Net Receipt Total
From From From Farming From Non- Income
Wages Cultivation of Animals Farm Business
Maharashtra 2156 3856 539 834 7386
Manipur 3815 2924 1563 540 8842
Meghalaya 3776 6472 657 887 11792
Mizoram 3655 4561 864 19 9099
Nagaland 5393 3212 1384 59 10048
Odisha 1716 1407 1314 539 4976
Punjab 4779 10862 1658 760 18059
Rajasthan 2534 3138 967 710 7350
Sikkim 3113 1696 980 1009 6798
Tamil Nadu 2902 1917 1100 1061 6980
Telangana 1450 4227 374 260 6311
Tripura 2185 2772 311 162 5429
Uttarakhand 1069 2531 848 253 4701
Uttar Pradesh 1150 2855 543 376 4923
West Bengal 2126 979 225 650 3980
Group of UTs 5179 1864 213 1312 8568
all-India 2071 3081 763 512 6426

Thus, it is mammoth task to double the real income in a span of six years from current level
since the base is already very high. Studies indicate that at the current rate of growth, though the
nominal income can be doubled in about 4 years time, it would take 31 years to double the real income.
Hence, the growth in real income should be at the rate of about 12.25 per cent per annum to that the
goal of doubling the same can be achieved by 2022. In this connection, SWOT analysis has been carried
out to design the strategies.

4.2.2 SWOT Analysis

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
• Average size holding • Soil health and water • Fast growing demand • Rising cost of
is more than national quality declining. Total in domestic and cultivation
average saline soil (49157 ha.) national market.
and alkaline (541430 Location advantage
ha) of National Capital
• Leading state in • Animal dung is not • Increasing demand for • More area under
wheat and rice properly utilized for fruits, vegetable, milk rice-wheat cropping
productivity composting. Mostly and value added system and declining
used for fuel products due to acreage under
expansion of middle leguminous crops
income group
rd
• 2/3 area under • Soil organic carbon is • International demand • Degrading soil
assured irrigation low and organic matter of basmati rice, fertility/health with
recycling is not mozzarella cheese, low organic matter,
practices as mostly Murrah buffalo sulphur, potash and
paddy straw is burnt in germplasm, micro nutrients
fields mushroom, baby corn,
strawberry honey, etc.

23
 Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
• Favorable climate for • Ground water is • Inland aquaculture in • Fast depletion of
basmati rice (export brackish in arid region village pond ground water
demand)
• Scope for • Shortage of labour • Organic farming • Rising salinity and
diversification and off during peak season water table in arid
farm activities areas
• Best breed of Murrah • Partial adoption of • Protected cultivation • Fast urbanization and
buffalo and Hariana recommended practices industrialization
cattle particularly use of micro
nutrients, IPM and INM
and crop rotation, etc.
• Allied activities like • Less developed/ • Floriculture is under • Discouraging trend of
dairy, poultry, inadequate post- tapped opportunity youth in agriculture
mushroom, bee harvest and processing
keeping floriculture infrastructure
and agro forestry has
potential
• Government policies • Lack of
are pro farmers entrepreneurial spirit
in youth
• State agricultural
marketing board and
APMCsare
functioning well
• Every village is
electrified and
connected with road
• SAUs (03 Nos) and
ICAR institutes (11
Nos)
• Department of
Agriculture,
Horticulture, Animal
Husbandry, Fishery
• Soil health card
scheme, kisan credit
scheme, institutional
finance, insurance,
cooperatives,
warehouse (6484 000
tones capacity), agro
mal (Rohtak, Panipat
and Panchkula) are in
place
• Efficient governance
to support farmers

Broad Strategies for Doubling Farm Income: The strategy to enhance farmer’s income (Table11)
should encompass a combination of the following possible ways:

24
Table 11 : Possible ways to increase farmer’s income
Enhancing Farmer’s Income
Enhance Cost Reduction Skill Development Converting Ensure Better Price
Productivity and Strategies and and Knowledge Agricultural Residue/ and Reduce Risk
Bridging Yield Inverventions Management Waste into Agri-
Gaps Wealth
Technological Efficient resource Training of farm Development of Directly linking
interventions to utilization households, environmentally farmers to markets
bridge yield gap especially youth and balanced waste
women complexes
Improve input Exploit Conversion of crop Promote Value
supply complementarities residue in to bio addition
between various energy/renewable
enterprises energy/biomass
energy
Improve support Change Diversification
services institutional
mechanisms
Improve Expand Insurance
infrastructure coverage

4.2.3 Key Strategies :

From the above possible routes, the important strategies that can form the roadmap for
achieving the targeted goal in context of Haryana are:

25
4.3 Enhancing Productivity and Bridging Yield Gaps :
There is a gap in the potential yield and average yield of different varieties (Table 6). Also, there
is gap between average yield of varieties and average productivity of the State. These gaps should be
minimized by adopting efficient management practices through intensive extension strategies and policy
support. Emphasis should be given on blocks/districts with lower productivity than the State average
4.3.1 Addressing Yield Gaps
There exist huge yield gaps in agricultural sector (Table 12). A study by Planning Commission
outlined these yield gaps between 6 to 300 per cent in cereals, 5 to 185 per cent in oilseeds and 16 to
167 per cent in sugarcane in different states (GoI, 2007).
Table 12 : Yield Gap Estimates, Adoption of Improved and Hybrid Seeds along with Area under
Irrigation for paddy and wheat Crops
Crop State Crop Yield gap Adoption of Area under
(%) Improved & Irrigation
Hybrid Seeds (%) (% of cropped area)
Paddy West Bengal 33 98 48.2
Uttar Pradesh 29 100 83.1
Andhra Pradesh 29 95 96.8
Punjab 28 100 99.6
Wheat Uttar Pradesh 27 98 98.4
Punjab 19 100 98.9
Madhya Pradesh 33 100 90.8
Haryana 23 96 99.5
Note: Estimates of yield gap and seed use are obtained for 2011-12 to 2013-14. Yield at 90th percentile is used as bench mark in computing the
estimates. Irrigation figures correspond to the year 2012-13.
Source: Approach Paper – Strategy for Doubling Income of Farmers in India by 2022, ICAR, New Delhi (2017).

Yield gap in paddy varied around one-fourth to one third of the benchmark yield. In wheat, the
estimates are slightly less. The yield gap for wheat stands at 23 per cent, which is higher than Punjab
(19%), but lower than Uttar Pradesh (27%) and Madhya Pradesh (33%).
A comprehensive study carried out by Haryana Kissan Ayog, based on the district/block level
productivity of major crops had shown that there exist yield gaps in comparison to the state averages in
several districts. As many as 11 districts in rice, 12 in wheat, 4 in barley, 8 each in bajra and gram, 18 in
cotton, 13 in sugarcane and 3 districts in oilseeds are performing below the State average. Rice, the
most important kharif crops in the state is cultivated in around 12 lakh hectare area with production of
about 38 lakh tonnes. However, the State has been experiencing high fluctuation in rice productivity. If
the productivity of a district having yield below the State average (3.04 t/ha) is brought at par with the
State average and the productivity of districts which are above the State average is brought at the level
of district having maximum productivity, the additional 4.71 lakh tonnes of rice production can be
achieved. These gaps should be minimized by adopting efficient management practices through
intensive extension strategies and policy support. Emphasis should be given on blocks/districts with
lower productivity than the State average (Table 13&14).

26
Table 13. Number of districts below state average (crops-wise)
S. Crops State Average productivity (t/ha) Number of districts below
No. state average
1. Rice 3.04 11
2. Wheat 5.18 9
3. Barley 3.63 4
4. Maize 2.67 1
5. Bajra 2.04 8
6. Oilseeds 1.39 3
7. Gram 0.90 8
8. Cotton 0.74 5
9. Sugarcane 73.25 7

Table 14. Productivity gaps at block level in different districts (kg/ha)

S. District No Rice Bajra Barley Gram Rabi Cotton Sugarcane Maize
No block oilseeds
1. Hisar 9 574 1068 885 415 861 447 49000 0
2. Fatehabad 6 1533 1900 1401 620 732 117 0 0
3. Sirsa 7 1261 580 1903 207 573 101 0 0
4. Bhiwani 10 1086 965 1645 770 1045 301 108050 0
5. Rohtak 5 562 380 1355 406 163 208 7280 0
6. Jhajjar 5 2286 555 407 1290 639 0 43229 0
7. Sonipat 7 440 828 0 0 1426 863 15427 0
8. Gurugram 4 0 492 545 0 133 0 0 0
9. Mewat 5 0 577 2161 0 265 0 0 0
10. Faridabad 2 487 14 668 0 134 739 77650 0
11. Palwal 4 526 721 2210 0 438 0 6724 0
12. Panipat 5 318 0 0 0 0 0 21429 0
13. Karnal 6 1043 0 0 0 0 0 87883 0
14. Kurukshetra 5 1159 0 0 0 0 0 22400 0
15. Kaithal 6 1474 534 0 0 0 183 14000 0
16. Ambala 6 1544 0 0 0 0 0 10483 477
17. Panchkula 4 1448 0 0 911 0 0 5250 920
18. Yamunanagar 6 1278 0 0 0 0 0 21403 204
19. Jind 7 785 638 290 0 437 278 21200 0
20. Mahendergarh 5 0 559 0 893 880 0 0 0
21. Rewari 5 0 743 0 0 63 179 0 0

For wheat the focus needs to be on enhancing the productivity in the districts performing below
the State average. Within a district the block, performing lower than State average, need special
attention. By enhancing productivity of lower performing districts the additional production of 1.76 lakh
tonnes from zone– I, 1.44 lakh tonnes from zone – II and 2.62 lakh tonnes from zone- III may be
achieved. This will add 5.83 lakh tonnes to the total wheat production of the State (Table 15). The
additional production of major crops that can be realised by bridging this yield gap is as follows:

27
Table 15: Estimated additional production of major crops by enhancing productivity of lower
performing districts/blocks

Major crops Estimated additional production

(000’ t) per annum
Rice 471.37
Wheat 582.64
Barley 15.98
Maize 1.81
Bajra 87.63
Oilseeds 141.96
Gram 7.05
Cotton 25.45
Sugarcane 423.64
Source: http:/agriharyana.nic.in/cropwisearea1.htm

There is a gap in the potential yield and average yield of different varieties. Also, there is gap
between average yield of varieties and average productivity of the State. These gaps should be
minimized by adopting efficient management practices through intensive extension strategies and policy
support. Emphasis should be given on blocks/districts with lower productivity than the State average.
The possibility of enhancing productivity of different crops is given in Table 16.

Table 16 : Crop/variety wise potential and average yield and possibility of productivity enhancement
Crop Variety Potential yield Average yield (q/ha) Possibility of increase
(q/ha) in productivity (%)
Wheat WH1142 (RI) 62.5 48.1 30
WH1105 71.6 60.0 19
WH1124 (Late) 56.1 42.7 31
Gram HC5 48.9 23.5 108
HC3 39.8 22.5 77
Mustard RH0749 34.0 27.0 26
RH0406 (rainfed) 28.0 23.0 22
RB50 (rainfed) 25.0 19.0 32
Rice HKR47 90.0 65.0 38
HKR127 100.0 70.0 43
Taraori Basmati 35.0 25.0 40
Haryana Basmati 1 55.0 40.0 38
Bajra HHB272 44.8 37.3 20
HHB234 45.0 31.0 45
HHB197 50.0 35.0 43
HHB67-Improved 37.5 31.3 20
Maize HM10 110.0 73.5 50
HQPM5 98.0 62.5 57
HQPM1 95.0 57.5 65

Similarly, in milk production, there is some yield gap within districts (Table 17) that can be
addressed, together with overall increase in animal productivity.

28
Table 17 : Estimated Milk Yield in Haryana: 2015-16
Sr. District Average Milk yield (kg)
No. Cow Buffaloes Goat
Exotic Crossbred Indigenous N. D. Indigenous N. D.
1. Ambala 11.521 7.700 5.488 4.761 8.009 6.736 0.954
2. Bhiwani 10.226 8.066 5.653 5.328 8.842 7.634 0.999
3. Faridabad 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.984
4. Fatehabad 10.179 8.045 5.418 4.929 8.382 7.085 0.975
5. Gurgaon 9.708 7.754 5.194 4.985 8.335 7.317 0.973
6. Hisar 10.395 7.599 5.663 5.013 8.779 6.951 0.968
7. Jhajjar 9.996 7.728 5.218 4.440 8.508 6.977 0.974
8. Jind 10.515 7.826 5.595 4.965 8.535 7.090 0.878
9. Kaithal 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.822
10. Karnal 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.984
11. K.shetra 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 1.005
12. M.garh 10.270 8.005 6.121 5.289 8.485 6.095 0.985
13. Mewat 9.895 7.598 5.295 4.942 8.337 7.221 0.965
14. Palwal 10.126 7.519 5.254 4.766 7.974 6.881 0.994
15. Panchkula 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 7.037 7.044 0.983
16. Panipat 9.050 8.403 5.461 4.873 7.966 7.348 0.996
17. Rewari 13.219 7.614 5.980 5.094 8.295 7.045 1.008
18. Rohtak 9.589 7.550 5.459 4.861 8.306 7.585 0.999
19. Sirsa 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.985
20. Sonepat 11.372 7.206 5.380 4.938 8.272 7.175 0.998
21. Y. Nagar 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.984
Haryana 10.456 7.707 5.516 4.953 8.403 7.044 0.984

4.4 Interventions to increase productivity :

Studies have indicated that Haryana’s farm household income growth has largely come from
incomes from cultivation (8.8%). Hence, enhancing the productivity of crops would be an important way
to increase the farm income.
• Better varieties : Adoption of newly released HYV varieties of wheat and barley (around Rs.
11170 profit per ha can be attained in wheat and Rs. 10500 in barley in addition to the usual
profit attained). Adopting high yielding short duration wheat varieties which reduce the stress
on land and soil rejuvenation for the subsequent crop.
• Input management : Seed replacement, line sowing wheat seeds after seed treatment, soil test
based fertilizer application, use of bio-fertilizers, vermicompost, FYM in addition to fertilizers,
supplementing soil with micro nutrients like Mn, S, Zn and Fe (if deficient), introduction of a
legume crop like short duration green gram under Rice-Wheat system.
• Propagating salt tolerant varieties in regions affected by sodicity : Haryana state loses an
exaggerating Rs. 655 crores due to sodicity induced crop losses. Several varieties of difference
crops are available that are suitable for such soils. Haryana produces some of the finest Basmati
rice varieties. But almost all the traditional Basmati rice varieties are sensitive to sodicity stress.
A large proportion of Basmati rice growing belt of Haryana is affected by slight to moderate
sodicity and poor quality sodic groundwater used for irrigation. Due to these stresses, farmers
fail to harvest the potential Basmati yields. Basmati CSR30, a salt resistant variety outperforms
the traditional varieties in sodic soils. It gives about 20 per cent higher yield than the national
check variety Taraori Basmati.

29
• Reviving the productivity of sodic soils : In Haryana state, salinity and sodicity affect the health
and productivity of 49,157 ha and 1,83,399 ha area, respectively, to varying extents. Over time,
twin menaces of waterlogging and salinity have attained alarming proportions in the central and
south-western parts of Haryana state. Gypsum-based package can be used to reclaim sodic soils,
while water-logged saline soils can be reclaimed by subsurface drainage (SSD) technology.
• Rain-fed area development : The rain-fed agriculture in south western parts and Shivalik in
north-eastern region accounts for about 21 per cent (7.72 lac ha) of total cultivable and 16 per
cent of net cultivable area in Haryana. Over 91 per cent of the State rain-fed area (5.31 lakh ha
of total net sown area) is confined to 10 districts; 7 in south western and 3 in north eastern
regions. Augmentation of water supplies by conserving rain water in the field, aquifers, water
bodies, conjunctive use of brackish and fresh water, treatment of sewage and other poor quality
water for their reuse in life saving/supplemental irrigation, desilting of existing water bodies and
construction of new small dams/water storage structures and recharge of ground water through
available technologies/ subsurface galleries need the highest priorities in the development of
rain-fed farming.
• There exist significant differences in the realized and the available yields in most of the crops.
The existing technologies can be judiciously applied to narrow down this yield gap. There are
four existing technologies for harnessing the potential of land and water resources. These
include: water harvesting, micro irrigation, laser land levelling and zero or reduced tillage.
Under water harvesting, there is ample possibility of harvesting a surplus run-off. Micro-
irrigation technologies reduce water losses, enhance input-use efficiency, reduce energy
consumption, control soil erosion and reduce biotic stresses. Similarly, laser levelling and zero or
reduced tillage are of great value. Data shows that all these technologies give high rate of
return on investment.
• Farmers should be encouraged for seed production instead of normal crop production to fetch
better price, to reduce cost on purchase of seed for their own use, and also this would fetch
higher price for sale in the market. Government should not recommend sale of any
variety/hybrid seed for sowing unless it is tested and recommended by the SAU/ICAR.
• Maize crop has high potential in Haryana as it can provide material for feed and poultry
industry, so the wheat-paddy or cotton-wheat rotation must be changed with maize as it can be
grown in both the seasons. Also, the processing units for maize must be established in the
periphery of producing centres. Also, for reducing the high moisture content due to which the
farmers are not getting the remunerative prices. Therefore, in mandies where maize arrivals are
quite high, the driers should made available like they are made available in Punjab.
• Crops should be grown only in that area in which they are well adapted e.g. Bajra should be
grown in South parts of Haryana or areas adjoining Rajasthan. Bajra & Maize should be included
in PDS for giving nutritional security to the masses.
• Promote organic farming to reduce cost of production; improve soil health; environment and
quality of life as well.
4.4.1 Cost Reduction Strategies and Inverventions :
The efficiency in input use can bring down the cost of production and enhance the farm
incomes.
• Mass adoption of Resource Conservation Technologies (RCTs) like zero tillage, reduces the cost
to the tune of Rs. 3400/ha.

30
• Rational use of resources (seeds, fertilizers and water) through diversification and adoption of
conservation agriculture: There are three major cropping systems in Haryana viz. rice-wheat,
cotton-wheat and pearl millet-wheat. The sugarcane-wheat system is also popular in eastern
parts. Among these, rice-wheat occupies more than 58 per cent area. (Economic Survey of
Haryana, 2012-13). The study of four years from 2002-03 to 2005-06 conducted at 12 locations
in eastern Haryana (Karnal and Ambala districts) on nutrient management depicts that rice-
wheat is the most exhaustive cropping system as it needs 728.1 kg NPK/ha. The same study on
nutrient management conducted in districts of western Haryana (Rewari, Bhiwani, Hisar and
Fatehabad) in cotton-wheat and pearl millet-wheat systems at 12 locations each reflects that
cotton-wheat-and pearl millet-wheat are the next heavy takers of NPK with the total uptake of
626.2 and 562.2 kg/ha, respectively (www.hau.ernet.in). This has also created imbalance in
cropping pattern and eliminated the pulses from the cropping system in irrigated agro-
ecosystem. The dependence upon these systems is showing adverse effect on soil and water
resources. It is widely believed that diversification in agriculture can be a game changer and will
help in achieving the ambitious objective of doubling farmer’s income in the State besides
saving and strengthening the natural resources and enhancement in the productivity,
profitability and employment in agriculture.
• Bed planting in wheat is recommended as it saves about 25 per cent seed, 30 per cent water
and 25 per cent nitrogen leading to higher use efficiencies without any yield penalty.
• Adoption of micro irrigation techniques like drip and sprinkler will reduce the quantity of
irrigation water in wheat by 1075 litres per ha, thereby shall reduce the cost of cultivation to the
tune of Rs. 980 per ha.
• Seed priming in wheat will reduce one irrigation and thereby reduce the cost of cultivation
equivalent to amount spent on one irrigation.
• Solar-energy-based tube-wells to be provided to farmers to bring down their input costs.
• Mechanisation and Custom Hiring of farm impliments to reduce the harvest loss.
• Scientific storage (solar and liquid nitrogen) to reduce the loss in the operation.
• Integrated farming: An integrated multi-enterprise model consisting of diverse components
(field and horticultural crops, fishery, cattle, poultry and beekeeping) can substantially cut the
production costs by synergistic recycling of resources among different components.
• Changes in institutional arrangements to encourage adoption of co-operative/collective/joint
farming reduce the production cost as economies of scale can be reaped by increasing the size
of holding through farmer collectives.
• In dairy farming also the group dynamics in input supply, such as use of mobile milking machine
in village, bulk preparation of customised feed, etc. can reduce costs.
• Castration of non-pedigreed and local bulls will be helpful for the farmers to avoid the cost of
rearing animal of low productivity potential.
• Ration balancing is very important way in which cost of milk production can be reduced as feed
cost accounts for 60-70 per cent of the variable cost. Advisory services to this effect need to be
widely delivered.

31
5. POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HORTICULTURE, LIVESTOCK, FISHERIES, AGRO-FORESTRY
AND POST-HARVEST PROCESSING ETC.
5.1 Crop diversification towards high value crops
Crop diversification towards high value crops and to the different enterprises offers a great
scope and provides the required opportunity for doubling the farmers’ income. The staple crops
(cereals, pulses and oilseeds) occupy 77 per cent of total or gross cropped area (GSA) but contribute
only 41 per cent of total output of the crop sector. Interestingly, almost same value of output was
contributed by high value crops (HVCs) i.e. fruits, vegetables, fibre crops, condiments & spices and
sugarcane, etc. which just occupy 19 per cent of cropped area during 2013-14 on all India level. Average
productivity of HVCs after adjusting cropping intensity provided an estimated income of Rs. 1,42,777 per
hectare as compared to Rs. 41,169 per hectare for the staple crop. Thus, shifting one hectare area from
staple crops to commercial crops has the potential to increase gross return upto Rs. 1,01,608 per
hectare (Ramesh Chand, 2017).
Furthermore, the productivity of HVCs is 3.5 times more than the productivity of other crops
and area under these crops increased from 15 million hectares to 20 million hectares which is only
about 10 per cent of gross cropped area (GCA) till now. If the expansion in area is increased from 10 to
13.5 per cent, it has the potential to increase about 35 per cent of farmers’ income.
5.1.1 High Value Crops
• A shift from lower to high-value commodities offers an important avenue to enhancing
productivity, wages and income. This involves agricultural activities such as fruit and vegetables
cultivation, dairying, poultry, piggery, fishery and other small enterprises as these activities suit
the small farmers.
• The process of shifting from cereals to high-value crops will be accelerated if the facilities such
as guaranteed prices and markets, technical support, development of cold storage facilities,
development of processing industries. etc. are provided.
• The consumption pattern is changing in favour of high-value crops. The demand for value-added
products like ready-to-eat, ready-to-serve convenience food, functional food and nutraceutical
is increasing both in domestic and international markets. There is immense potentiality of
increasing income and profitability in these products.
• There are commodities like minor millets, medicinal and aromatic plants, bio-diesel crops, such
as, Jatropha, Neem, Madhuca etc. which are highly under-utilized. Increasing the potential of
these underutilized crops can increase the income of the farmers substantially.
• To promote secondary agriculture, structural changes are required. These include: (1) promoting
research institutes, financial institutions and farmers’ organizations; (2) encourage private-
public partnership (PPP) model; (3) linking of farm and off-farm activities for rural
industrialization; (4) training of farmers; (5) development of course curricula in SAUs in agri-
business courses and so on.
Diversification of conventional agriculture to horticulture/ floriculture/medicinal and aromatic
plants. Instead of traditional rice-wheat rotation farmers can be shifted to horticultural/ floriculture
crops around the NCR region. Some of the farmers can be suggested to start cultivation of Medicinal,
aromatic and underutilized plants like Isabgol, Aleovera, Mulethi, Mint, Tulsi, Safed Musli, Asvagandha,
etc. but proper marketing of these products needs to be ensured.
5.2 Potential of Horticulture sector :
Looking into the potential of horticulture sector, the government of Haryana is investing
substainstially in the development of a Global Horticulture Market in Ganaur and Sonipat. The planned

32
market will have an investment of Rs. 1250 crore and will yield returns to the tune of Rs. 850 crore
annually, once it is fully operational. The government has allocated 493 acre of land for the purpose and
is also taking assistance from French experts. The state has potential to develop horticulture cluster.
Districts having potential for horticulture Crops have been listed in Table 18.
Table18. Potential of Horticulture Cluster in Haryana
Crops Districts
Mango cluster Panchkula. Ambala and Yamuna Nagar
Sapota Panchkula. Ambala and Yamuna Nagar
Citrus Cluster Sirsa, Fatehabad and Hisar
Guava Cluster Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat, Rohtak, Faridabad, Mewat, Gurgaon,Jhajjar
Ber Cluster Sonipat, Rohtak, Faridabad, Mewat, Gurgaon, Jhajjar
Floriculture Cluster Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat, Rohtak, Faridabad, Mewat, Gurgaon, Jhajjar
Aromatic Plants cluster Panchkula, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Karnal, Gurgaon, Jhajjar, Faridabad, Mewat
Chilly cluster Sirsa, Fatehabad, Hisar, Rohtak, Sonipat, Panipat, Karnal, Jhajjar, Gurgaon, Mewat,
Faridabad
Garlic cluster Sirsa, Fatehabad, Hisar, Rohtak, Panchkula, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Karnal
Source: National Horticulture Mission Action Plan

Thus, an integrated type of farming systems combining crops with dairying, horticulture, agro-
forestry, beekeeping, mushroom & baby corn cultivation, rearing sheep and goat, etc. with resilience
and natural resource management (NRM) based technologies are the key for doubling of farmers’
income. Thus, doubling farmers’ incomes for Haryana through diversification include increase in
agricultural productivity by intensification in crop diversity and peri-urban agriculture in the following
sectors:
• Agriculture: To increase the productivity of fibre crops namely cotton from 0.247 MT/ha to
0.693 MT/ha and of sugarcane from 75.18 MT to 85.00 MT/ha.
• Increasing the productivity in horticulture from 16.54 MT/ha to 22.00 MT/ha in fruits and 14.99
MT/ha to 22.00 MT/ha in vegetables with annual growth rate of 4-5 per cent with a target to
double the productivity from 4-5 per cent with a target to double the production from 70.24
lakh MT to 139.23 lakh MT by 2022-23.
• To increase per head productivity and overall production @ 5-6 per cent by increasing milk
production from 83 lakh tonnes to 112 lakh tonnes and increasing the per day per capita
availability from 835 g to 1050 g by 2022.
• Water use efficiency (WUE) can be increased through micro irrigation like sprinkler and drip
irrigation, electromagnatized and magnatized device driven irrigation system through increasing
area from 6.9 lakh hectare to 9.50 lakh hectare with annual increase of 3-5 per cent per annum.
• Resource use efficiency (RUE) can be increased by preventing unnecessary use of fertilizers and
plant protection chemicals. Further, the promotion of organic farming, organic clusters at block
level and also to address the climate change, the Government can make climate smart villages.
• Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is being implemented from kharif 2016 which has
covered 85 per cent of gross cropped area and 95 per cent area covered under agricultural
crops.
• Innovative high-tech agriculture, soil less farming, hydroponics, vertical farming and so on with
investments from private source can also help.

33
• Sharing the experiences of innovative farmers who are making more incomes than others with
simple farm level interventions needs to be encouraged as farmers learn more from their
neighbours.
5.3 Animal husbandry and livestock
Livestock appears to be sound source of income in Haryana. Low performing zone is as low as 14
percent districts in Haryana against 49 percent districts of the country come in this zone. It is worth
mentioning that Haryana is performing well in terms of income from livestock sector in comparison to
the country average.

60.00

50.00 Haryana India

40.00
District (%)

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00
Least performing Average performing Good performing Well performing

Fig. 6. Livestock performance in Haryana vis-a-vis India (Source : Compiled from Saxena et al., 2017)
Nonetheless there still exist a potential and that need to be harness with appropriate blend of
technology and policy. Livestock farming accounts for 19 per cent of the farm household income in
Haryana. To enhance the livestock productivity, there is need of timely and quality input supply services,
including animal breeding, feeding, animal health, credit and insurance services. The mechanisms for
support and service delivery need to be targeted to the needs of the different sub-sectors of livestock
and different user communities. It seems unlikely that the current model of service delivery whereby
State Animal Husbandry Departments provide most of the services will be sustainable and be capable of
supporting the livestock sector in the future, especially, where there is an increasing trend towards
commercialization in livestock production. Livestock owners are willing to pay for effective services,
rather than use poor services at lower cost. Hence, the rationale for heavy subsidization of services to
enable their access may not be sound policy for improving the productivity of livestock. This points
towards a need for a policy of encouraging the development of private services and the encouragement
of competition among service providers, especially in areas of high production potential. The role of
government should then be to facilitate the appropriate environment and to provide the regulatory
framework. This would allow scarce government resources to be concentrated in regions, sub-sectors
and communities where there is likely to be less interest by the private sector because of lower
potential to generate adequate profit and return on investment. Whichever model is used it is
imperative that the services provided reflect the actual (as opposed to the perceived) needs of the

34
clients and that those responsible for delivery are accountable for the quality and efficiency of service.
This requires independent assessment of the quality of service and mechanisms for rewarding
performance and where necessary penalties for poor performance. Some suggestions to enhance the
performance and income from animal husbandry and livestock sector are given below.
• Animal husbandry and fisheries together contribute one-third of agricultural GDP. The activities
involved are dairying, poultry, piggery, goat and sheep rearing for meat and wool. To increase
farmer’s income, there is need to introduce yield-enhancing and waste-minimizing technologies.
There is also a need to link animal husbandry with crop husbandry.
• Barrier free transportation of animals/agriculture produce may be facilitated. Animal Welfare
Board may take up the responsibility of providing animal transport facility at reasonable cost.
Specialized vehicles should be manufactured for carrying the animals/cattle/buffalo, etc. from
one place to the other.
• Some ways and means of disposing of animals in the event of their natural deaths should be
created in a cluster of villages so that the carcasses are disposed in hygienic and respectable way.
• Sale price of milk should be raised to get remunerative prices. There should be ban on the sale
of adulterated/duplicate or spurious dairy/milk products and strict punishment be imposed.
• Policy level interventions are required for control of stray animals. Stray bulls spoils the
pregnant cows and also how to select whether it is a “Boss Taurus” animal that are called desi
cattle. The unproductive, stray animals must be culled for maintaining the pure breeds.
• Recommendations of various advisory bodies, etc. should be mandatory for implementation.
Cross-breed males are causing nuisance to the public and even damage to the pregnant cattle.
These should be stopped from roaming as stray cattle. Some ways and means of disposing of
Cross-bred animals should also be evolved.
• Efforts must be made to reduce the calving time to 1½ years at the puberty level and for buffaloes
they should be made ready for next calving within two months after their lactation period.
• Since no single vaccine is available for all the major diseases thus there is a need to develop
combined vaccine for better adoption of health practices.
• Livestock championships, yield competitions and mini dairies may be encouraged through better
incentives.
• Farmers may be encouraged to import high quality germplasm of livestock. Possibility to import
of Gir semen from Brazil may be explored. Use of duplicate semen, adulteration in milk and milk
products should be punishable.
• There are more buffaloes and lesser cows in villages. Emphasis should be put on conservation
and improvement of indigenous cows.
• Quality control in compound cattle feed : Quality of prepared feed is the most important
parameter that has far reaching implications not only for the productivity of the animals but also
for human and livestock health. Poor quality of feed ingredients of low nutritive value and/or
various types of adulterants such as, groundnut husk, ground rice husk, non-edible oil cakes,
maize cobs, saw dust, marble powder, sand, limestone, etc. are used in the cattle feed because
of which the benefits to the farmers are not realized and shakes their confidence in more
intense adoption of the product. Additionally, the improper storage and hot and humid weather
conditions may lead to contamination of feedstuffs with myco-toxins. Hence, there is a need for

35
 undertaking policy interventions for quality assurance and feed safety. The State Government
should designate officials with the Animal Husbandry Departments and/or the Milk
Cooperatives for regular collection of samples of branded feed being sold in the market, get the
samples sealed in a transparent manner, and send the samples for testing against relevant BIS
standards. In case of any deviation from the standards, stringent legal action should be taken.
• Utilizing dung, urine and male animals for better returns : To augment income from dairy along
with returns from milk, economic utilization of dung, urine and male animals is very important.
Large scale compost and vermin-compost manure plant be established on a cooperative basis
for a cluster of three to four villages, depending upon the population of animals. The policy to
strict ban slaughter and sale of animals in livestock market for slaughter should also be followed
by measures to ensure economic value of unproductive animals.
• Provisioning of livestock support services : Livestock farming accounts for 19 per cent of the
farm household income in Haryana. To enhance the livestock productivity, there is need of
timely and quality input supply services, including animal breeding, feeding, animal health,
credit and insurance services. The mechanisms for support and service delivery need to be
targeted to the needs of the different sub-sectors of livestock and different user communities. It
seems unlikely that the current model of service delivery whereby State Animal Husbandry
Departments provide most of the services will be sustainable and be capable of supporting the
livestock sector in the future, especially, where there is an increasing trend towards
commercialization in livestock production. Livestock owners are willing to pay for effective
services, rather than use poor services at lower cost. Hence, the rationale for heavy
subsidization of services to enable their access may not be sound policy for improving the
productivity of livestock. This points towards a need for a policy of encouraging the
development of private services and the encouragement of competition among service
providers, especially in areas of high production potential. The role of government should then
be to facilitate the appropriate environment and to provide the regulatory framework. This
would allow scarce government resources to be concentrated in regions, sub-sectors and
communities where there is likely to be less interest by the private sector because of lower
potential to generate adequate profit and return on investment. Whichever model is used it is
imperative that the services provided reflect the actual (as opposed to the perceived) needs of
the clients and that those responsible for delivery are accountable for the quality and efficiency
of service. This requires independent assessment of the quality of service and mechanisms for
rewarding performance and where necessary penalties for poor performance.
5.4 Fisheries
• Haryana ranks 2nd in the country in inland fish productivity but have to increase fish production
from 1.21 lakh MT to 8.23 lakh MT by increasing the productivity from 6.8 MT to 15.0 MT per
year per hectare by 2022. The fish seed production is required to be increased from 6400 lakh to
21800 lakh fish fingerling packets by increasing area from 17800 hectares to 54,500 hectares.
• Fisheries development should be encouraged by developing infrastructure for it, like
construction of ponds, availability of advance technology for processing/freezing of fishes and
creating more awareness among farmers to adopt fisheries, which will help them for a regular
income source like dairying. But, for this farmers have limited money and would require support
from the government. Therefore, fisheries component should be increased and farmers to be

36
 encouraged to adopt it as it can be practiced even under salty water and waste land/ barren
lands. Hence, fish based integrated farming system approach should be taken up in a holistic
manner, moving from mono cropping to multiple enterprises adoption.
• Lease amount on reservoirs/ponds/waste land for fisheries be reduced. Good brooder to
provide seed for achieving higher fish production. Infrastructure should be improved to raise
fish production and clustering/group/cooperatives be promoted to reduce cost of production
and transportation.
5.5 Bee keeping
• A holistic approach must be taken up for the beekeeping with the proper policy interventions by
taking friendly crops, plants, biological agents which provide more nectar to the honey bees.
Listing of all the beekeepers with their colonies, at state/district/block level must be made and
proper co-ordination with the line departments must be made to build their confidence and also
proper technical training must be given for manufacturing of all types of honey products.
• All the honey bee products (honey, royal jelly, bee venom and wax, etc.) should be popularized
by creating general awareness among the masses through advertisements, promotional
campaigns, kisan melas, etc. or through I.B.D.C. Centres.
• ‘Pure Honey Hut’ concept like Himachal Pradesh must be established at prime locations like Bus
Stands, Railway Stations and other prime localities to encourage the production and
consumption of honey.
• Trials on beekeeping in GM crops be validated to see if there are ill effects. It was told by
farmers that the Bt cotton and newly developed sunflower hybrids have reduced the bee
population. Reasons should be scientifically studied. Insurance cover for beehives against
fire/wind storm etc. be provided. Subsidy should be provided to general category farmers also
to promote bee keeping. At present it is provided only to the SC/ST/BC category. Ex-servicemen
should be clubbed with SC farmers for purpose of providing subsidy. Strict ban and punishment
on selling off the adulterated/ duplicate/spurious bee products/items. Processing plants for
honey and other products be installed. Honey Huts be started in Haryana as are being done in
H.P. (18-20 products/items sold).
5.6 Agro forestry/Social Forestry
Agro-forestry and social forestry is the most economical, sustainable and stable alternative for
ecological security of land production system. Whereas the average productivity of plantations in forest
and wastelands is approximately 4 to 5 cubic metres per hectare per year, seed-route agro-forestry
plantations in irrigated land ensure average productivity of 10 to 15 cubic metres per hectare. The
average productivity has been enhanced to 25 to 30 cubic meters per hectare per year from poplar and
clonal eucalyptus plantations. However, there are still problems associated with species suitability,
marketing, policy and industrialization. Yamunanagar district of Haryana has emerged as one of the
biggest markets of the country for the agro-forestry wood in terms of the number of farmers growing
trees and supplying wood to this market. Thus, there is a scope to raise farmers’ income by diversifying
towards other allied enterprises like agro-forestry on private land rather than surviving primarily on crop
cultivation. India meets 40 per cent of its non-fuel timber requirement from the import of wood and
wood products. India imports wood and wood products worth more than Rs. 33 thousand crores,

37
whereas, thousands of hectares of private land remain barren. Various legal restrictions on felling of
trees and setting of timber industry and transit permit for marketing of timber are the major
deterrent to raise trees on private lands.
5.7 Post harvest management
Even after holding position in the production of many agricultural commodities like fruits,
vegetables, dairy products; the country still lags in food processing behind many other agriculturally
important nations. Out of the total production of fruits and vegetables, wastage and losses account for
20 to 22 per cent; only 2 per cent of vegetable production and 4 per cent of fruit production are being
processed, whereas the extent of fruit processing is very high in some countries such as Brazil (70 per
cent), Malaysia (83 per cent), Philippines (78 per cent) and Thailand (30 per cent) (FAO, 2014).
State Government has formulated, Haryana Industrial and Investment Policy-2011, wherein
emphasis has been laid down on Agro-based food processing and allied industries as a thrust area. Agro-
processing centres in the production catchment itself to facilitate backward linkage with farmers, have
fresh and best quality raw food materials for processing and value addition minimize material
movements. There exist a great scope of processing and value addition of agricultural crops and
commodities. The sector-wise potential of processing and post-harvest is given below.
• Grain Processing : Haryana has made a significant contribution in the production of cereals (18-
20Mt) pulses (0.1 Mt) and oilseeds (1.0 Mt). As of now, there are about 600 grain-processing
(wheat, rice, pulses and oilseeds) and 65 bakery industries in the State and these are set-up
with an investment of about Rs 2383 Crores and provide direct employment to over 18260
persons with a turnover of Rs 5100 crores, as in 2011-12 (Haryana Kisan Aayog, working group
report on post-harvest technology). Haryana is one of the largest exporters of rice.
• Cash Crops : Sugarcane can be converted into jaggery and other traditional products. The
earning through jaggary production is nearly double than saleing sugarcane in sugar mill. Cotton
residue andbyproducts need appropriate utilization for better returns.
• Horticultural Produces : The demands of processed products, such as dried onion & garlic
powder, ginger & garlic paste; jam, jelly, juice are increasing. state has some good agro
industries mostly in and around cities, rural based small scale industries are required for
processing of surplus produce. This will not only help in reducing post harvest losses but also
benefit farmers considerably. Further processing of spices, such as chillies, coriander, fennel,
fenugreek, garlic, ginger, turmeric, etc has great potential
• Floriculture : The value added products from flowers are dry-flower & pot-pourri, essential oils,
flavours & fragrance, pharmaceutical & neutraceutical products, pigments & natural dye,
gulkand, rose water, vanilla products. The proximity of Haryana to NCR offers excellent
marketing channels, establishment of processing industries and export of flowers.
• Livestock Produces/Products : major livestock produces are milk (6.6 Mt), meat & chicken (0.32
MT), eggs (0.21MT) and fishes (0.11 MT). Buffalo meat production holds an unparalleled
opportunity. Value addition in dairy sector is very important for better price realisation. In this
context, there is a need for improving functioning of organised milk marketing network,
establishment of small processing units at village level for value added dairy products, etc. The

38
 product diversification by Haryana Dairy Development Cooperative Federation should be
developed on the line of AMUL in Gujarat through financial help from the government.
Setting up of agro-processing and value addition in the production catchments augments farm
income in addition to reducing post-harvest losses. This allows farmers to get better returns from their
produce and create new jobs in the rural sector for the growth of the rural economy. Processing and
postharvest sector is not performing well due to lack of complete value chain approach. There is need to
inculcate entrepreneurial skills in the farm households to process regionally important products, which
have greater demand outside the region.
Women self-help groups need to be provided with marketing support. This will not only enhance
the income from non-farm source but also ensure income security to combat with any exigency in the
primary activity, i.e. farming. Trade oriented, value addition and processing, considering the
requirement of foreign customers, will provide premium price to the farmers and enhance their
incomes.
• Emphasis be given on post harvest management so that no waste is discharged from the
farm as industry to have operate like “Zero Discharge Factories”.
• Food processing units for females/women including cold chains, drying centers/chilling
centres must be made available to them for their empowerment and increasing the self
employment of women.
• Food products testing labs with trained staff for agricultural & dairy products, organic
products, etc. must be established at district level for protection from adulteration and
maintaining the safety standards of food products.
• Agro-processing units in the form of hubs of vegetables, fruits, flowers, milk, honey etc may
be promoted in the villages. They should have direct access to farmers for procurement.
Such hubs will help the farmers to get open market access and space in suitable localities
including highways. Mandies should have driers for standardizing farmers’ crops for higher
prices.
• Smaller processing units and plantations, squashes & juice, jam, jelly like aloevera juice and
nurseries, etc. through diversified agriculture must be established and encouraged for
providing 20-25 per cent of income from different enterprises on regular basis. Also, the
populist schemes of selling food at cheaper rates like Amma Rasoi, Samajwadi Roti, Apni Thali,
etc. must not be encouraged as these will adversely affect the farmers’ interest of enhancing
their incomes. During Mid-Day meals in schools value added processed products should be
served e.g. Milk pouch, bajra biscuits/products, corn flakes and soya products, etc.
• Value addition : While increased productivity is an essential component of a vibrant
agricultural sector, improved post-harvest handling and processing is essential to ensure
high-quality products reach the markets. Too often, even when the yields are high, farmers
loose income due to poor post-harvest practices. Processing needs special attention through
incentives, special packages, training in processing and production of processing specific
quality produce, establishment of service centres and facilitate marketing of small scale
agro-processing industries products. Farmers should also be helped in the selection of
varieties suited to the processing units. Emphasis of agro-processing units should be on

39
 multiple commodities complexes rather than individual commodity approach. Efforts should
be made for establishment of packaging facilities in major fruits and vegetable growing
areas like for tomato in village Padana, Karnal and for Kinnow at Sirsa.
Processing and Value Addition: The small scale single commodity agro-processing
industries in the State are not enough to process the available surplus and are located away
from production centres. Emphasis must be given to rural based primary processing and
value addition. Priority must be given for the development of multi-commodity/multi-
product agro-processing complexes/food parks to optimally utilized the available
infrastructure and reducing the cost of processing near the production centres rather than
single commodities.
5.8 Skill development and knowledge management :
Human capital, that is, the stock of competencies, knowledge, social and personality attributes
of the work force is being increasingly recognized as an important factor of production. In labour
abundant economies like India, human resource can be transformed into human capital with effective
inputs of training, skill development, education, health and moral values.
5.8.1 Interventions for capacity building :
Extension related
• Farmer may be motivated to form self help groups/ cooperatives in different areas of crops,
horticulture, dairying, beekeeping, mushroom cultivation, fisheries, etc. to fetch better price of
their produce by selling to the consumers. Trainings need to be organized on regular basis for
farmers on management, milk processing technology, proper care of cattle for breeding,
“Economic Threshold Levels (ETL) of insect-pest” should be imparted to the farmers to make the
farmers aware about new technologies to reduce losses, increase productivity and, thus,
increase farmers’ income.
• Efforts may be made to enhance farmer- scientists interactions through model village
development approach and creating awareness for Government schemes by involving various
line departments, universities, ICAR institutes, etc.
• Diversification on the basis of integrated farming system (IFS) mode should be encouraged like
Agriculture + Dairy + Hort- vegetable + Horticulture + Fisheries + Beekeeping + Mushroom +
Babycorn/Maize and Agro-forestry in the form of multi-cropping by shifting from mono-
cropping. It will not only help in doubling farmers’ income but also provide regular flow on
income to the farmers on daily/weekly/ fortnightly/monthly basis through which the farmers
cannot cut out there production and consumption needs easily. Also all the farmers’ must be
trained for practicing these enterprises and all the extension training wings of state agriculture
department, KVK’s and other training units needs to be strengthened component wise.
• Regional hubs for specialized region specific crops, livestock, etc. may be established. Cropping
plans may be made as per soil health and water management through micro irrigation, soil
health cards, etc. District wise flaying centers need to be established.
• It was felt unanimously to define the “farmer” and his “income” to address various issues.
Identification of farmers should be his proof as producer.

40
• Bio-control measures should be evolved to control the pests. Natural products of neem, etc.
should be promoted. Use of biofertilizer, bio pesticide and bio control of insects should be
encouraged to reduce the cost.
• Dissemination of knowledge of scientific package of practices by the local KVKs/SAUs/ICAR institutes.
• Women in Haryana are major work force in agriculture as they are involved in each and every
activity of farming. They have little or no exposure to new ideas and technologies. Their skill
improvement would have direct impact on technology adoption and enhancing agricultural
production and productivity.
• Use of bio-fertilizers and locally available farm yard manure, vermi-compost and green manure
need to be promoted. At least 25 per cent area may be targeted under bio-fertilizer and green
manuring application every year. Mass campaigns may be organized to make farmers aware
about the benefits of these inputs and harms of burning of dung, rice/wheat straw and
sugarcane trash, etc.
• Promotion of water saving technologies, use of micro-nutrients and popularisation of cost
effective farm machinery like rice transplanter, sugarcane trash harvester/chopper, etc. need
high attention to reduce the cost of cultivation. Farmers will have to be trained for effective
adoption of these technologies.
• Precision farming that includes seed treatment, use of quality seed, timely sowing, maintenance
of optimum plant population, irrigation at critical stages of crop growth, INM, application of
appropriate pest management practices etc. need to be vigorously promoted for enhancing
productivity
• The hands-on training to farmers, farm labourers and field functionaries on Post Harvest
Management (PHM), operation of biogas plant, vermi-compost units, integrated nutrient
management, Integrated Pest Management (IPM), use of industrial wastes, press mud, repair
and maintenance of implements/farm machines, etc. will have direct impact on enhancement of
farm income.
• All KVKs need to develop “Extension Kiosks” and “Incubation Centres” that will have long term
impact on revolutionizing State agriculture. Farmers and farm labourers may be trained on high-
value agriculture technologies to compete in domestic and global markets.
• Technology transfer system needs to be modernized based on Information and Communication
Technology (ICT). Provision of incentives and awards to farmers and extension workers for the
faster adoption/transfer of the technology should be there. Extension and training programmes
for input suppliers for updating their knowledge need to be introduced.
• Income enhancement through professionalization: Since farming in our country is almost always
the hereditary occupation of a family, learning how to farm is nearly always limited to
traditional practices passed on through generations. But modern agriculture cannot be
practiced without proper skilling and professionalization of farmers who have to organize
resources, collect and leverage information, take crucial decisions and bear the risks. Therefore
there is need of speed transformation of farming, not only for the State but also for the nation
as a whole, into a skilled job with agricultural markets evolving in the digital space, consumer
preference going global, all entrepreneurial functions demanding technical and managerial skills

41
 and value chains becoming sophisticated. Present initiatives in farmers’ trainings such as
farmers’ field schools, Life Long Learning for Farmers (L3F), etc, are limited to few locations in
the State. The coverage of training has to be widened. Besides, unified training system, catering
all types of trainings along with problem oriented expert guidance at village level is needed.
5.8.2 Policy related
• Administrative hurdles w.r.t. policy be removed so that farmers could have greater access and
reap greater benefits from the new schemes.
• In the event of electricity cut, the compensation for 4 hours for 4 days is admissible to
industries, in the same way it should be for the farmers too. Subsidized and 24x7 power supply
be given to all sectors of agriculture.
• Farmers’ grievances redressal cells at state and district level must be formed for reporting
farmers’ grievances and proper co-ordination in agriculture, dairy, fisheries, beekeeping,
forestry and mushroom cultivation, etc. must be made to support each other in complementary
manner.
• Promotional credit like soft loans must be made available to the farmers for establishing agro-
processing industries/food industries, value addition centres, seed processing units, scientific
storage and warehousing cooling chains including refrigerated vehicles, packing and packaging
material industries, etc. On the pattern similar to housing loans from Rs. 50 lacs to one crore, etc.
• Loans may be given to farmers as per their capacity for longer duration. Land, livestock and rural
households should be considered as collateral security.
• MNREGA must be linked with productive agricultural activities and industries or it should be
stopped as it has affected adversely the availability of labour in agricultural sectors during the
harvesting seasons of the crops.
• Jobs may be ensured for farmers and their families who are displaced due to industrialization,
highways etc for their livelihood security.
• Women and ex-servicemen should be considered equal to SC category for extending benefits
from different schemes.
• Database of entrepreneurs in horticulture, beekeepers, dairy owners, fisheries and of
specialized crops may be prepared for policy interventions.
• MSP of the major commodities should be ensured through law keeping in view input and other
costs. The suggestion of Swaminathan Commission that the farmers should be given 50 per cent
profit on the cost invested by him.
• Use of solar energy should be promoted and, thus, government should install solar plants at
farmers’ fields. This would help in saving costs on electrical energy. Government should also
make it mandatory to install solar plants on all government/semi-government/government
funded buildings/ institutions. Farmers may be motivated through various awareness programs
to use non conventional sources of energy like solar, biogas, etc. Similarly, agro waste
management is a big issue in addressing the climate change.

42
• Cold storage facilities may be created in villages for buffering market fluctuations. Post harvest
management also needs to be addressed on priority. Government should make products from
the grain kept without proper storage facilities rather than selling at lower prices in the market
or allowing it to be damaged and then dumped as a waste.
• Regarding insurance, the Government should create its own Insurance Agency/mechanism. The
crop insurance scheme should be strengthened in which with minimum premium for maximum
amount of sum insured is provided to the farmers. For dairying each animal should be assigned
identity through a unique ID number. All animals including pregnant should be insured.
Vegetables, fruits, flowers, etc. should also be covered under insurance.
• Farmers led innovations may be encouraged by giving grants for research to farmers. To
address it, agriculture fund may be established at state level. Patents of new innovations made
by farmers should be got filed by the Government rather than individual innovator.
• To achieve the production targets, technology is the key driver. Technology is of two types; first,
existing knowledge and second, frontier technologies like biotechnology, nano-technology,
remote sensing and information technologies.
• The main application of biotechnology is in developing seeds and provides higher yields at lower
cost and offer resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The results of estimated surplus and
higher rates of returns from various biotech crops are quite encouraging. Research in
biotechnology is the need of the time. More research investment should be encouraged in
potential areas.
• Nanotechnology also needs special treatment as it is still emerging. The potential applications of
nanotechnology involve controlled release of fertilizers, stabilization of bio-pesticides,
packaging, storage and processing, etc. Research investment should be increased in this
emerging area.
• It has been estimated that the use of information technology in decision making enhances farm
income by about 13 per cent per hectare. ICT offers a unique opportunity in several areas of
production and marketing. Its use should be encouraged for higher income. Adequate
infrastructure should be built for its full use.
• At present technological innovations in agriculture are gender – biased in favour of males. Since
women are in involved in major crop and animal activities, technology should also be developed
favouring women.
• There is a need for a law that formally recognizes tenancy. This is essential for the
implementation of Government programmes and reforms that require identification of actual
cultivator. The actual cultivator gets bypassed in the payment of disaster relief and various other
subsidies as the actual cultivator does not figure in revenue records. A land reform policy is
required in which the security of land to the land owner is on the one hand, and security of
tenure to the tenant on the other. To resolve land leasing and titling issues, the first step is to
digitize the revenue and registration records.
• The Government should create database of farmers and landless workers with respect to
Aadhar seeded bank accounts. In case of disaster, Government should transfer a minimum
specified sum of cash immediately into these accounts.

43
5.9 Converting Agricultural Residue/Waste into Agri-Wealth :
Agricultural Waste/Crop residues like paddy hull/husk, paddy and wheat straw, cotton-stalk,
agro forestry waste like leaves, small timber/stalk etc. are produced in huge amounts. Hence, converting
this agricultural waste into useful products, bio-energy, bio-fuels, bio-fertilizer/compost, animal fodder
and briquetting into agricultural wealth can improve the farmers' income. Environmentally Balanced
Rural Waste Complexes (EBRWE) has to be developed at every village by combining all the waste
generated in rural areas in one complex to produce valuable products with zero pollution. These rural
waste complexes by utilizing agricultural waste through briquetting as renewable energy source; using
unaerobic digestion (biogas) and to produce energy, bio-fertilizer, composting for soil conditioner,
animal fodder and other recycled products from solid waste using several compatible technique can
generate agri-wealth in rural economy. This agricultural biomass waste will not only generate various
valuable products, but also nullify negative environmental impacts like pollution, green house gases.
Combustion residues, degraded sediments, special waste sludges, etc. can be used for manufacturing
concerete block, bricks, tiles, clay for cement, bitumen etc. for building materials also.
Conversion of crop residues into bio-energy is being planned by companies such as IOCL, ONGC
and some private entrepreneurs for crop residue management activities. Conversion of crop residues
into bio-char is also a viable alternative as organic manure which is rich in nutrients. Alternative uses
such as bale geysers for hot water, card boards, packing and insulation materials, substrate for
mushroom cultivation and products like coco-peat for use in raising seedlings in protected cultivation.
Farmers need to be paid remunerative prices for their waste materials to discourage them from straw
burning. In this connection, the government of Haryana has taken a policy initiative of purchasing
residual waste/paddy straw from farmer and will spend Rs. 12 crores to manage stubble burning.
Energy for agriculture : To reduce their dependence on the monsoons, India's farmers have
taken about 12 million electricity connections and 9 million diesel pump sets with which they pump
groundwater for irrigation. Since more than 65 per cent of India's cultivated land is yet to be irrigated,
this will lead to a huge rise in India's energy need for agriculture alone. The number of electricity
connections (540406) – Agriculture, in Haryana, consumption of electricity in agriculture (8984482 lakh
kWH) and threshing and harvesting (Straw reaper : 2826 and Forage harvester : 32769). Number of
tractors (267236), pump sets (Diesel : 225046 and electric : 512311)
Renewable energy and farming are winning combination. Wind, solar and biomass energy can
be harvested forever, providing farmers with a long-term source of income. Renewable energy can be
used on the farm to replace other fuels or sold as a "cash crop". Separate solar and water grid should be
developed for agriculture.
Biomass energy is produced from plants and organic wastes -- everything from crops, trees and
crop residues to manure. Crops grown for energy could be produced in large quantities, just as food
crops are.
Renewable Energy based promising technologies, Such as high-tech poly solar protected
cultivation, sustainable solar dryers, pond based floating solar system, community based solar operated
processing units, gas based cool and cold chains, scientific storage and warehouses and solar water
irrigation, allow farmers living off-grid to replace expensive diesel generators with cheaper and cleaner
technologies.

44
5.10 Scope of Farm Mechanization :
A paradigm shift in agricultural mechanization is required to realize the goal of eco-friendly
sustainable agriculture with reduced cost of production and high quality of produce. This is necessary to
make the farmers globally competitive and to check further damage to natural resources of soil, water
and ecology. Utmost emphasis is being laid in this state to expeditiously diversify agriculture by
introducing new crops and cropping systems by shifting the area from the Paddy-Wheat cropping
system which is the predominant cropping system prevalent in this State. Hence there are ample
opportunities pertaining to agricultural mechanization. These include: introduction of new state-of-art
farm tools and machines for new crops and ventures especially for horticulture, floriculture, rain-fed and
organic farming. Equipment such as, sugarcane harvesting, cotton picking and potato harvesting need
to be introduced in this state. Introduction of forage and fodder sowing and harvesting machinery and
machinery for harvesting, collecting and management of crop residues of paddy and other crops is also
necessary. Water harvesting, conserving machinery such as Laser guided land leveler, ridge and bed
planter, tractor operated pond excavation machinery, drip and sprinkler irrigation systems also needs to
be promoted.
5.10.1 Mechanization of small farms & custom hiring centers:
One of the most important ways to bring in efficiency in farming practice, reduce the cost of
production, reduce drudgery in agriculture and increase the incomes of our farmers is the
mechanisation of farms especially the small farms. Farm mechanization apart from saving time and
labour also reduces post-harvest losses and boosts crop output. Farm implement and machines suitable
for farmers under the state conditions are being developed and popularized by CCSHAU,Hisar.
Consolidation of the land holdings are needed to reap the benefits of agricultural mechanization. The
farm machinery bank may be established for machines being manufactured elsewhere in the country to
supply in low mechanized region on custom hiring basis. Financial assistance or procurement subsidy
may be provided for the purchase of agriculture machinery and equipment on individual ownership or
custom hiring basis. The custom hiring service avoids owning and maintaining the costly equipment and
machines by small and marginal farmers. The innovative custom hiring/ rental model services required
for high cost farm machineries such as combine harvester, sugarcane harvester, potato combine, paddy
transplanter, laser guided land leveller, rotavator, precision planter etc. in major production hubs to
reduce its cost of operation.
5.11 Concept of sustainability
Man is continuously using the natural resources for his survival, comfort, luxury and recreation
since ages. When such utilization becomes exploitation, there is a depletion of natural resource base
and degradation in quality. As a result, the ecological balance is disturbed leading to immediate or long
term adverse impacts on the environment. In this way, the environmental degradation ultimately
threatens the survival of mankind.
Soil and water are the two vital natural resources on the earth whose judicious use greatly
determines the capability of life support systems, sustainability of agriculture and the socio-economic
development. Thus, conservation and up-gradation of quality of soil and water which are the basic
resource base to ensure food security for the growing population need to be taken care of.

45
 The essence of sustainability is the maintenance of natural resources productivity. For many
resources poor third world countries, the essences of sustainability is feeding both today and tomorrow.
For many resources rich countries the essence of sustainability is the preservation of natural resources,
including not just agricultural resources, but local natural habitats and even flora and fauna in other
countries.
In the words of eminent agricultural scientist Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, the sustainability is “The
system that is economically viable (low inputs, feasibility of farms) technologically appropriate (low cost,
local adaptability, temporal stability, resource use efficiency, renewability), environmental friendly (bio
diversity, non degradation of natural resources), socially acceptable (employment, power generation,
needs, cultural values), politically and administrative manageable (equity and productivity), is called
sustainable.” Thus, sustainability has ecological, economical, social, cultural, political and management
dimensions.
Sustainability therefore encompasses scientific management of resources in such a way that the
combined impact of all agricultural operation is eco friendly, economically viable and socio-politically
acceptable. Sustainable land use system can be conceptualized as farm systems that interact with their
bio-physical and socio-economic environment in such a way that they are both economically viable in
short run and ecologically sustainable in the long run. Sustainability can be achieved through the
applications of best modern technology such as bio technology, space technology, information
technology and management technology, to promote growth of conservation based farming techniques.
The concept of sustainability, therefore, is dynamic as well as having multifarious alternatives. District-
wise sustainable land use plan map at the end of each action plan are also given below as well as in
Table 19.
Role of remote sensing technology for enhancing productivity of farmers. Crop area and
production estimation for better planning decisions like pricing, procurement, storage, transportation,
export-import, etc. Study of cropping pattern and crop rotations help to develop alternative cropping
patterns. Mapping, monitoring and management of waste land like salinity, water logging,
desertification and soil erosion, etc. and preparation of sustainable land use plan for different agro-
ecological zones. It also helps in crop damage assessment due to natural calamity. It also helps in
monitoring crop stubble buring during kharif and rabi seasons causing environmental pollution;
preparation of soil nutrient map using sampling technique and interpolation in GIS; study of ground
water resources for sustainable exploitation of ground water.

46
 Table 19: District wise area recommended under various land uses in Haryana. (Area in sq. km.)

Districts

Jind
Total

Sirsa

Hissar
Karnal
Land use

Jhajjar
Mewat
Palwal

Kaithal
Rewari
Rohtak

Ambala
Panipat
Sonipat

Bhiwani
the state

Gurgaon

Faridabad
Panchkula

Fatehabad
Kurukshetra
% to TGA of

Recommendations

Mahendragah
Yamunanagar

63.81
Double crop 1028.2 2152.47 1810.6 283.93 594.91 3148.93 928.77 1982.49 1791.1 1874.62 1219.8 1253.83 758.01 682.87 325.39 778.81 1073.75 759.56 3262.37 1078.18 1385.69 28174.28

7.28
Agri Horticulture 796.15 165.1 3.74 19.59 275.8 266.51 200.81 62.51 4.01 3.64 256.1 280.22 189.61 6.52 60.56 5.26 120.19 284.04 215.9 0 3216.26

2.12
Horticulture Plantation 12.84 302.4 68.7 0 0 6.6 0 30.99 4.43 0 0 32.3 0 0 37.4 8.68 31.09 0 383.62 0.04 19.09 938.18

4.12
Agroforestry 4.7 729.7 40.36 2.25 4.77 212.07 185.38 87.51 165.99 0 0 5.16 153.7 54.47 0.62 6.12 3.73 73.56 20.53 60.51 8.57 1819.7

5.40
Forest 31.4 243.71 30.26 69.59 109.86 79.7 210.54 191.88 76.56 34.34 34.97 137.17 210.82 46.11 398.21 27.19 49.89 210.21 84.07 76.2 29.83 2382.51

47
1.51
Pisciculture 1.33 138.02 62.92 0.1 2.03 3.08 101.24 26.28 21.57 1.87 0.55 0 123.97 55.56 0.5 2.97 3.36 83.48 3.64 33.37 2.91 668.75

84.26
Total area of Land use 1078.47 4362.45 2177.94 359.61 731.16 3726.18 1692.44 2519.96 2122.16 1914.84 1258.96 1684.56 1526.72 1028.62 768.64 884.33 1167.08 1247 4038.27 1464.2 1446.09 37199.68

Recommendations

2.91
Builtup/ 91.57 38.74 73.08 31.79 15.16 85.02 38.01 27.69 40.46 67.89 39.35 91.03 50.15 31 55.45 62.22 44.3 35.06 192.72 45.23 128.06 1283.98

Settlement/River
12.84
Mater Plan 2030 287.17 217.81 173.26 396.68 441.07 359.31 190.66 214.36 121.63 502.78 366.86 163.55 75.25 183.94 85.29 317.69 313.00 390.86 37.18 680.39 148.58 5667.32

suggested area
100.00
TGA of district 1457.21 4619 2424.28 788.08 1187.39 4170.51 1921.11 2762.01 2284.25 2485.51 1665.17 1939.14 1652.12 1243.56 909.38 1264.24 1524.38 1672.92 4268.17 2189.82 1722.73 44150.98

Total recommended 74.01 94.45 89.84 45.63 61.58 89.35 88.10 91.24 92.90 77.04 75.61 86.87 92.41 82.72 84.52 69.95 76.56 74.54 94.61 66.86 83.94 84.26

area % to total
geographical area
6. ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
CCSHAU, Hisar and ICAR Institutes have developed a number of cost-effective technologies,
techniques and products, not only to enhance the productivity of various crops and commodities, but
also the quality of produce, for enabling remunerative agriculture and enhancing farmers’ incomes.
6.1.a Strategy and action plan for enhancing production, cost reduction, quality improvement,
generating additional income
Agricultural Zone wise Specific Action Plan for Doubling Farmers' Income based on Recommended
Interventions/Technologies in Haryana
ZONE 1 : PANCHKULA
Strategy 1: Strengthening of traditional water storage structure
Crop Production • Creation of additional water storage in Morni hills.
• Digging of trenches for high percolation of water in valley area in Morni and
lower areas of Kalka block.
Management of wild animal problem
• Cultivation of lime/lemon at larger scale in fruit crops, ginger or turmeric in
shady areas, Lemon grass to ward off wildlife in cultivated field.
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crop from wild animals.
• Promotion of protected cultivation.
Management of soil health in low or valley areas
• Organic cultivation of wheat and maize especially in Morni block.
• Promotion of soil amendments in reclaimation of problematic and degraded soil
in shald and other belts.
Crop diversification
• Cultivation of mango, ber, guava with intercrops.
• Cultivation of vegetable crops – carrot, tomato & cucurbits.
• Promotion of mushroom production.
• Promotion of cultivation of short duration crops..
• Cultivation of spice crops – turmeric, ginger, chilli, onion, garlic etc.
• Cultivation of medicinal plants.
• Promotion of processing units for spices & medicinal plants.
• Promotion of Agroforestry.
Strategy 2: • Adoption of dairy farming enterprise.
Dairy Farming, • Rearing of improved buffalo and other milch animals.
Goatry, poultry • Improved feeding practices.
• Timely disease management practice.
• Quality fodder production and availability.
• Value addition of milk and milk products.
• Skill development for marketing of milk and milk products.
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.
• More incentives for popularization of bio gas plants thereby promoting organic farming.
• Establishment of hatcheries for need of broilor or croilor in Barwala & Raipurrani block.
• Establishment of garbing pastures.
• Organisation of timely health check-up of animals.
• Regular vaccination and medicine management against FMD, Galghottu and
other parasitic pests in cattle

48
 • Management of mites
• Promotion of river side fish farming in local water reservoirs.
Strategy 3: • Accelerate seed replacement practice.
Productivity • Selection of high yielding improved varieties of crops for specific agro-ecological
Enhancement conditions.
• Promotion of seed treatment technology for insect-pest and disease
management in different crops.
• Promotion of balanced use and scheduling of fertilizer based on soil health report.
• INM & IPM approach.
• Proper Scheduling of irrigation.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of seed production program of vegetable and field crops.
Seed Production • Introduction & promotion of buy back policy.
• Skill development for seed production technology.
• Establishment of seed processing, storage and packing facilities.
Strategy 5: • Promotion of different integrated farming system modules such as:-
Integrated • Crops production/ fodder crop+animal husbandry+vermicomposting +value
Farming System addition of milk products.
• Crop production+orchards+vegetable crops+Bee Keeping
• Crop production+mushroom production+Vermi composting
Strategy 6: • Promotion of zero tillage technology in rice-wheat system.
Reduced cost of • Promotion of organic manures and bio-fertilizer.
Cultivation • Adopting of low cost inputs such as bio-fertilizer, gypsum, seed treatment
technology, organic chemicals.
• Judicious use of pesticides.
• Adoption of improved farm machinery and implements such as hand wheel hoe,
improved sickles spraying equipments.
• Follow up of metrological advisory for sowing and other farm operations to
avoid repeated operational cost.
• Use of liquid fertilizers.
Strategy 7: • Creation of storage facilities for food grain.
Reducing post • Creation of cold storage facilities for perishable vegetable crops and fruits.
harvest losses and • Creation of refrigerated transport facilities to avoid transport losses.
value addition • Establishment of food processing units.
Strategy 8: • Development of e-market/ e-mandi at district level for better price of produce.
Marketing • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better price.
• Development of mobile apps for online management.
• Development of call center at district level to resolve the problems of farmers.
• All the produce should be purchased from the farmer at MSP at block level.
• Establishment of industries based on dominant cropping pattern viz. rice shellers
in rice belt; fruit processing unit in fruit growing areas.
Strategy 9: • Enhancing of MSP for more number of crops including millets, spices and other
Enabling policies crops. A separate provision of fund and identification of agency to procure and
disposal of surplus produce to stakeholders.
• Implementation of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Beema Yojna and Soil Health card
scheme in each block.
• Development of crop insurance scheme for more crops including other factors
particularly drought, hailstorm etc.

49
 • Organization of monthly review meetings at block level to solve the problems
related to the farmers.
• Promotion of Phone use in programs at radio and TV for solving the problems of
farmers and effective transfer of technology at district level.
• Popularization of various government policies by organizing kisan melas,
agriculture summit etc.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land, water
and other natural resources.
• Creating effective and workable nursary act to avoid spurious or unreliable
planting material in the district.
• Promotion of mandatory metreological/ observatory at block level to get first
hand information on climatic changes.
Strategy 10: • Promotion of skill development for landless farmers, farm women and rural
Landless farmers youth in various activities such as.
and farm women • Nursery production, land scaping & maintenance of lawns
• Mushroom production
• Bee Keeping
• Cutting and tailoring
• Fruits and vegetables preservation
• Tie, Die and Embellishment of Fabric
• Processing and marketing of milk and milk products.
• Candle making
• Household decorative items etc.

50
ZONE 1 : AMBALA

District profile:
Geographical 1,53,750
Population (As per 2011 Census) 11,36,784
No. of Tehsils 4 (Ambala, AmbalaCantt, Brara& N. Garh)
No. of blocks 6 (Ambala-I, Ambala-II, Brara, Saha, Sahazadpur & N.Garh)

Villages 499
Land holding 59,351
Cultivated Area 1,18,000 ha
Gross cropped Area 2,05,500n ha
Irrigated Area 1,00,153
Irrigated by Canal 6000 ha
Irrigated by Tube well 1,06,153
No. of tubewell 2,70,422
Ground water Level (Mtrs.) 27.5 to 450 ( Depth of tubewell)
Area under forest 1100 ha
Cropping intensity 193.86

51
Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Ambala

Strategy 1 : Strengthening of traditional water storage structure

Productivity • Integration of resource conservation techniques like mulch, sprinkler and drip
Enhancement irrigation, DSR, Zero tillage, & Use of Happy seeder in rice and sugarcane
based systems.
• Promotion of protected cultivation in all blocks.
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crop from wild animals.
• Promotion of new generation machinery like happy seeder/ ZT/ Laser Land
Leveller/ multicrop bed planter/ combine harvestor on custom hire basis..
• Create awareness for soil testing & use of organic manures, FYM, Green
manuring and fertilizers as per soil testing report
• Promoting timely and judicious use of fertilizers based on LCC, soil and water
testing reports, based on cropping system
• Promoting conservation and water harvesting techniques
• Promoting use of mulch in field crops, cash crops and fruit trees
Strategy 2 : • Awareness for promotion of green fodder availability round the year
Livestock: • Capacity building of rural women engaged in dairy farming for scientific &
technical training to upgrade animal health status
• Integration of dairy with agricultural crops to improve farm profitability
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of different Integrated Farming System modules
Integrated • Fodder production + Mini dairy + Vermi-Composting + Protected cultivation
Farming system • Promotion of IFS model for small and marginal farmers
• Seed production
Strategy 4 : • Promotion of post harvest management of agril produce, preservation &
Reducing post value addition of fruits , milk and vegetables.
harvest losses • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of
and value surplus fruits and vegetables in areas.
addition
Strategy 5 : Soil • Popularization of soil bunds to avoid soil erosion, excessive run off and loss of
Conservation in nutrients.
shiwalik • Popularization of land levelling for efficient management of farm resources.
foothills • Integration of horticultural crops with grasses, dairy and agricultural crops
• Use of water management techniques.
• Motivate for water storage for lean season.
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of happy seeder in paddy and sugarcane based systems in
Reduced anchored/ loose residue ZT situations.
cultivation cost • Alternate crop establishment techniques (DSR and mechanical transplanting)
in paddy
• Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermicompost and Biofertilizers to
minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
• Promotion of use of seed cum fertilizer drill for line sowing and fertilizers
placement in crops.
• Promotion of recommended variety, seed rate, spacing and depth.

52
 • Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural
inputs.
• Promotion of new generation cost effective machinery
• Promotion of mulching (bio or degradable plastic) to maintain moisture and
reduce intercultural operation cost.
• Promotion of pressurized irrigation techniques in horticultural crops.
• Promotion of power operated tillers and other garden tools for reduction of
drudgery.
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like bee keeping, spraying techniques,
farm income cutting and tailoring and mushroom farming etc.
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.
• Promotion of cultivation and collection of medicinal plants.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth
• Encouraging the existing SHG’s, NGO’s for promotion of agriculture based
economy by developing small scale enterprise (Candle making, Pickle making,
Jam & Jelly making etc.)
Strategy 8 : • Development of linkage with NABARD, Cooperatve societies & other line
Marketing and departments for govt. facilities
value addition • Promote Farmers producer company or organization with direct access to the
in specific agro- consumers
ecological • Promotion of farmers groups for direct marketing
region • Capacity building of rural youth for grading, packaging and marketing of
agricultural produce
Strategy 9 : • Organization of monthly review meeting of district kisan club and formation
Online of whatsapp group for addressing field problems.
Management • Farm advisory and agromet advisory and information of govt. schemes
and Evaluation through SMS.

53
ZONE 1 : KURUKSHETRA

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Kurukshetra

Strategy 1 : Adoption of cluster approach for holistic development

Productivity • Promotion of Maize.
Enhancement • Increasing productivity under vegetable cultivation and through
intercropping in Sugarcane.
• Promotion of Zero Budget Natural and Organic farming.
• Promotion of moong cultivation in Zaid season for sustainable productivity.
• Promotion of export quality basmati for better remuneration.
Adoption of Farm mechanisation
• Promotion and popularization of Resource Conservation Technologies viz.
Direct Seeded Rice, Mechanically transplanted rice, straw bailer, chisler,
happy seeder, drip irrigation etc. and other straw management practices.
• Promotion of serrated sickles for drudgery reduction.
• Promotion of mechanically operated paddy transplanter for small and marginal
farmer with reduced cost of cultivation and rural employment to youth.
Management of soil health
• Promotion and persuasion of organic farming particularly in moong, basmati
paddy and horticultural crops.
• Promotion of bio-agents and bio-pesticides.
• Promotion of moong and Dhaincha in Zaid season for green manuring.
Strategy 2 : • Promotion and sale of high quality grafted plants of fruits and indoor
Integrated flowering plants.
Farming system • Persuasion and motivation of farmers for adoption of subsidiary enterprises
along with traditional farming.

54
 • Promotion of protected cultivation in vegetables and floriculture.
Strategy 3 : • Motivation of farmers for establishment of Food and Processing Units such
Reducing post as Potato Chips, Tomato Puri, Tomato Ketchups, Garlic Paste/powder,
harvest losses Mango pickle, pulp, mushroom pickle etc.
and value • Promotion of value addition of fruits and vegetables.
addition • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement for disposal of
surplus vegetables in areas.
• Promotion of common resources on custom hire basis viz. Potato
transplanter, Potato Digger, Grader, Washer etc. to the farmers.
Strategy 4 : • Promotion of plantation of Neem, Peepal, Bargad (Ficus Bengalensis),
Conservation of Sehzan (Moringa Prolifera) and other ornamental plants to save excessive
biodiversity loss of nutrients in waste land and conservation of different breeds of birds.
• Promotion and popularization of water recharge system for storage of rain
water in monsoon season.
• Promotion of drip irrigation in orchard and wider spaced crops.
• Promotion of Ber, Aonla, Falsa, Guava, Pomegranate and Aloe vira and
other fruits and medicinal plants which requires less water and poor land
for their production.
• Promotion of agroforestry for enhancing organic carbon and wood
availability.
Strategy 5 : • Adoption for vermi compost, Green manuring, bio-gas, FYM and more and
Reducing more uses of bio-fertilizers in fruit, vegetables and field crops.
cultivation cost • Application of need based balanced fertilizers.
• Promotion of seed treatment in all field and vegetable crops to reduce seed
and soil borne inoculum.
• Promotion of zero tillage and seed drill machines for placement of seed and
fertilizers at proper depth and moisture.
• Promotion of good quality seed and saplings to the farmers.
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural inputs.
• Promotion of mini hand tools, power tillers, power weeder and power
sprayers to the orchardist.
• Promotion of mulching in vegetable crops to conserve moisture and to
reduce inter-cultural operation cost.
• Promotion of drip irrigation and sub-surface irrigation.
• Promotion of RCTs for straw management, enhancing organic carbon and
saving water etc. for sustainable agriculture.
Strategy 6 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like mushroom production , bee
farm income keeping, dairy farming, poultry, fish farming and backyard poultry etc.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth.
Strategy 7 : • Increasing institutional support by technical expertise and incentives to
Enabling Policies small and marginal farmers.
• Encouragement of farmers for certification mechanism for various crops
and organic farming.
• Popularization of Udhyan and Krishak Cards for widespread use of

55
 government incentives/subsidies to farmers.
• Implementation of effective and workable Nursery Act to avoid spurious or
unreliable planting material in the state.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Persuasion of farmers for application of fertilizers on the basis of soil health cards.
Strategy 8 : • Creation of better transportation facilities with cold chain van at Block level.
Marketing and • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
value addition in • Establishment of strong linkages with various stake holders to furnish
specific agro- information on crop produce and surplus.
ecological region • Establishment of procurement and collection centre at Block level for
agricultural surplus with proper labelling.
• Installation of mini grading machines at village level.
• Establishment of cold storage facilities in different clusters.
Strategy 9 : • Promotion of Mobile apps/ software for online management and evaluation
Online at district level.
Management and • Promotion of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information of
Evaluation surplus commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of mass multi media, radio, TV talks and use of Whatsapp etc. for
effective implementation of programmes and technologies to the farmers.
Strategy 10 : • Scientific orientation of women in Agriculture and Animal Husbandry for
Women their effective involvement and sustainable agriculture.
Empowerment • Health and nutrition education specially to combat malnutrition among
female child and anaemia among adolescent girls and pregnant women.
• Economic empowerment of women through skill up-gradation such as
cutting and tailoring and embellishment of clothes etc.
• Promotion of use of improved sickles by farm women for drudgery
reduction.
• Promotion of use of protective clothing by farm women for drudgery
reduction and better health.
Strategy 11 : • Promotion of Indigenous breeds of cattle such as Haryana cow, Sahiwal, Gir,
Livestock: Goatry, Tharparkar, Belahi etc. for both purposes i.e. organic farming and milk
Poultry, Fisheries production.
• Selection of high milk breeds of cattle and buffaloes.
• Establishment of centres for easy availability of good quality and nutritive
fodder seeds to the farmers.
• Promotion and popularization of hay and silage technology to the farmers
during dry fodder lean period.
• Promotion of mineral mixture and iodine salt for management of
reproductive disorders and increasing milk productivity in dairy animals.
• Extension activities should be reached to the small dairy farmers since more
than 70% milk have been produced by the small farmers.

56
• Availability of good quality bull and semen to dairy farmers for artificial
insemination.
• Availability of one veterinary surgeon for 2000-3000 animals for providing
better health and production from dairy cattles.
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.

57
ZONE 1 : KARNAL

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in Karnal district

Strategy 1: • Diversification of the existing cropping pattern is required. The
Productivity present rice-wheat system has degraded the natural resources thereby
Enhancement declining the crop yield and factor productivity. There is dire need to
Diversification of Rice- change this cropping pattern by replacing the rice-wheat with maize,
Wheat system: vegetable, flowers, horticultural, pulses and oilseeds crops.
• Introduction of leguminous crops, green manuring (Senhemp, Moong
etc.) in summer season to improve the soil health.
• Timely sowing of different crops.
• Replacement of seed.
• Adopting new high yielding varieties.
• Apply balance nutrients dose on the basis of soil testing.
• Improve soil health with application of organic manure, bio-
fertilizer/bio-agent and compost.
• Crop harvesting at proper maturity to avoid the losses due to grain
shattering and immature grains.
Strategy 2: • To increase the farm income through vertical expansion is needed with
Livestock, Poultry, the adoption of other allied enterprises like dairy farming, poultry,
Fisheries and allied fisheries, bee-keeping, mushroom cultivation etc.
enterprises. • Replacement of local breed with high milch breed like Murha buffalo,
Sahiwal and Gir of cow.

58
 • Proper breeding, feeding and management.
• Timely health check up of animals.
• Regular vaccination and medicine management of prevailing diseases in
the district like FMD, HS, PPR, Brucelocis, Theleria and Anaplasma Casua.
• Replacement of unproductive and low yielding breeds of animals.
Strategy 3: • Inter-cropping of different crops viz. wheat, gram, onion, garlic,
Integrated Farming pea,okra, methi, potato, moong, cucumber, watermelon etc.
System • Adoption of more enterprises like crop production, dairy farming, fish
farming, mushroom cultivation and bee-keeping on the same farm.
• Cultivation of some vegetable crops, flowers and medicinal plants in
poly houses, net houses and green houses.
• Growing of off season vegetable crops under low cost structure.
• Raising of off-season nurturies of vegetables, flowers under protected structure.
• Adoption of Intensive cropping system like paddy(short duration) –
potato-vegetable, paddy-toria-wheat, paddy (short duration) – pea-
cucurbits, paddy-potato-onion.
Strategy-4: • Construction of more warehouses and cold storages in public sector.
Reducing post-harvest • Establishment of small processing units to process potato, tomato and
losses and value cauliflower which are produced in abundant in the region.
addition: • Supply of refrigerated van by Govt. on custom hire basis to fruit and
vegetable growers to increase the self life of the produce.
• Growing of crop varieties which are suitable for processing and value addition.
• Establishment of processing industries for babycorn and sweet corn, as
area under these crops are expected to increase.
Strategy -5: • Use of waste water from sewerage, industries after suitable primary
Waste land and secondary treatment.
development and • Growing of forestry, flowers and non-edible crops on waste land.
waste water. • Reclaimation of problematic soils with suitable cultivation and
amendments.
Strategy 6: • Encourage use of liquid bio-fertilizer like Azotobactor, Azosprellium,
Reduced cultivation PSB.
cost. • Encourage use of Bio-compost, Vermi-compost, FYM and green
manuring.
• Promote use of new-emerging technology like zero budget natural
farming, zero tillage etc..
• Avoid indiscriminate use of insecticides and pesticides.
• Mechanization in various crops for planting inter-culture and
harvesting.
• Promote the use of mulching with agricultural waste like paddy straw,
sugarcane trash to maintain moisture and reduce inter-culture
operation cost.
• Seed treatment to control diseases in different crops.
• Proper placement and timely application of fertilizers to increase
fertilizer use efficiency.

59
 • Adoption of non-monetary input techniques.
• Promotion of irrigation system for increasing water and nutrient use
efficiency which helps in reducing the cost.
Strategy 7: • Promotion of subsidiary occupation like poultry, fish farming and
Off-farm income. mushroom production.
• Establishment of Agriculture Tourism at suitable locations.
• Preparation of value added product on their farms like organic gur,
biscuit, lassi, sweets, flavoured milk and sugarcane juice etc.
• Growing of organic produce like vegetables, fruits, sweet-corn, baby
corn, exotic vegetables and flowers.
• Direct marketing of their farm produce through E-marketing and in
whole sale markets.
Strategy 8: • Inclusion of MSP for vegetable and fruit crops like onion, potato,
Enabling policies cauliflower, pea, mango, guava, aonla etc.
• Expansion of markets on cluster basis to procure vegetable & fruit
crops as transportation of these parishable crops are difficult.
• Policy to procure honey, mushroom and poultry products by the Govt.
• Proper implementation of crop insurance scheme at Govt. level.
• Implementation of soil health scheme in each village of district.
• Timely and adequate quantity of farm input and at genuine prices
should be made available to the farmer places at the nearest.
• Develop the paddy basmati, quality vegetable and fruit crops zone in
the district.
• Certification facilities for organic produce should be provided at
district level.
Strategy 9: • Creation of better transportation facilities with cool chain van to
Marketing and value promote the cultivation of mushroom and other perishable product to
addition in specific increase the export.
agro-ecological region. • Creation of direct linkage with food processing industries for better prices.
• Creation of Agmark facilities at district level for agricultural products.
• Establishment of procurement and collection centres in vegetable
growing area on cluster basis by different procurement agencies.
• Encourage farmers to adopt grading of produce particularly fruits and
vegetable crops.
Strategy 10: • Encourage the use of mobile application/software among the farmers
On-line Management for update information.
and Evaluation. • Marketing of farm produce through E-marketing.
• Linkages with remote sensing centres to get information on crop area
and production in different regions of the country.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district level to get feed
back and to disseminate the technological information to be used
currently.

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61
ZONE 1 : PANIPAT

General Description of the District

Panipat district first came into existence on November 1, 1989. It was carved out of Karnal
district. It was merged again with Karnal district in the year 1991. The district status to Panipat sub
division of Karnal was again restored on First of January, 1992. The district has two sub divisions namely
Panipat and Samalakha and Five development blocks namely Panipat, Samalkha, Mathloda,Issrana and
Bhapoli. It is located at 29.8o N parallel and 76.38o E meridian, with an average elevation of 220 M (721
feet). This city has strategic location at National Highway No. 1, just 89 Km. from the national capital.
The city has one of the best rail and road connectivity to the state capital Chandigarh and other
important commercial hubs of the adjoining states.. Panipat is a historical place and was the gateway of
India in medieval times. Three battles were fought here and winner of course occupied the Delhi
Throne.
Panipat is situated in North Eastern Haryana, flanked by River Yamuna on the Eastern border.
The Panipat district is surrounded by Karnal in North, Jind in West and Sonipat district in South and
Mujarfarnagar district of Uttar Pradesh in the East. It has a total geographical area of 130437.2 hectare.
The important Babarpur drain prevents the district from floods. The water of the river and drains can be
harvested for crop production.
Climate-The climate of Panipat district is of very pronounced character, sub tropical type i.e.
very hot in summer and very cold during winters. Temperature ranges from 1-47 degree Celsius.
Average Annual rain fall is 315 mm. Topography of the district is plain. Soils are loamy to sandy loam
with pH ranging from 7.5 to 10.0 (in certain pockets of the district).
Crops- Panipat is situated in the heart of green revolution belt of the state. Rice-wheat cropping
system dominates with the consequent marginalization of pulses and oilseed. The other crops grown are
sugarcane, oilseeds and pulses. Buffalo is the main milch animal followed by cow. Horticultural and
vegetable crops are also cultivated in the district. Agro forestry trees like eucalyptus and poplar are also

62
finding their ways in the farming system.
Basic Details of Panipat District
Sr. Particulars
No.
1 Total area (ha) 1304372
2 Forests (ha) 4152
3 Land under non agri. Use (ha) 23857.2
4 Permanent pastures (ha) Nil
5 Current fallows (ha) -
6 Total cultivable area (ha) 102428
7 Total cultivated area (ha) 96401
8 Net Irrigated area (ha) 96390
9 Area irrigated by canals (ha) 29760
10 Area irrigated by Tube well (ha) 66630
11 Cropping Intensity (%) 196.4%
Source:- DDA Panipat

Area, Production and Productivity of Major Crops

Crop Particulars Panipat
Rice Area (ha) 76380
Prod. (q/ha) 26.98
Wheat Area (ha) 84000
Prod. (q/ha) 44.19
Sugarcane Area (ha) 6200
Prod. (q/ha) 835.56
Raya Area (ha) 1000
Prod. (q/ha) 16.69
Source:- DDA Panipat

Allied Sectors in the District Panipat

Allied Field Particulars Panipat
Cattle No. 54414
Prod. (lt/animal/day) Not Available
Buffaloes No. 238870
Prod. (lt/animal/day) Not Available
Sheep and Goat No. 12006
Prod. (lt/animal/day) Not Available
(wool/animal/day)
Pig No. 5924
Prod (kg/animal) Not Available
Poultry No. 2286964
Prod (egg/bird/year) Not Available
Mushroom No. (trays) 300000
Prod (kg) 1700 MT.
Fish Area (ha) 700
Prod (t/ha) 5.5 to 6.0
Source:- DDA Panipat

63
Strategies for Doubling the income of the farmers in District Panipat

Strategy 1 : Although there are limited scope for the productivity gain in Rice-Wheat cropping
Productivity system and other systems in the district but some key issues would need sound
Enhancement management for productivity, stability and enhancement:-
• Integration of all possible Resource conserving technologies like green
manuring, DSR, Residue management, laser land levelling INM,IPM etc.
• Best use of summer fallow to accommodate third crop raising the cropping
intensity to 300%.
• Multiple land use through intercropping/relay cropping etc.
• Management of biotic stresses like Bakanae, plant hoppers, Blast in paddy,
Yellow rust and weed management in wheat
• Genetic gain through new varieties having higher productivity
• Breed improvement and gain in milk yield in buffaloes and cows
• Better delivery of critical inputs with quality assurance
• Add economic value to those farm products which otherwise are considered
as wasteful, problem or liability.
Strategy 2 : There is good scope to reduce the cost of production with available technologies
Reduce cost of as under:-
production • Acceleration of DSR and mechanical transplanting in paddy
• Acceleration of Zero Tillage/Happy Seeder in wheat
• Multiple ratoons in sugarcane
• Mechanization and best use of family labour to reduce cost on hired labour
• Integration of wholly or partially the ingredients of organic farming to
rationalise the cost on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
• Minimise the inventory of farm machinery with individual farmer by having
cooperative machinery pool or rely upon custom hiring.
• Seed production by farmers themselves.
Strategy 3 : • Better storage facilities for food grains and cold storage for perishable items
Reducing post • Establishment of processing units
harvest losses
• Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of
and value
surplus fruits and vegetables in areas.
addition
• Globally linked state of art marketing infrastructure for perishable
commodities
• Inculcate habit of processed food in dietary pattern and promote processing
activity at household level.
• Local fabrication and cheaper version of machinery required in processing.
• Speedy commissioning of new sugarmill for district Panipat with high
crushing capacity to incentivise the sugarcane based cropping system
• Processing of raw milk in various dairy products for the profitable dairy
business
• Grading and packaging add value to the farm products

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Strategy 4 : • Pesticide residue is the key issue in Basmati rice which may hamper the
Quality export of Basmati rice. Emphasis should be on GAP strategy in the production
Improvement of Basmati rice to meet the international standards
• Emphasis should be on GAP strategy in the production of vegetables as well.
• Organic farming of different farm commodities wherever found feasible.
• Promote cultivation of Desi Wheat
• Promotion of double zero variety in brassica.
• Promote HQPM hybrids in Maize
• Promotion of pulse production for soil health and nutritional security
Strategy 5 : • Provide e-market platform to the farmers to reduce/eliminate the
Marketing and profiteering by middlemen.
Remunerative • Abolish the commission agent system and promote direct purchase from the
prices farmers on pre-determined price under contractual mode.
• Mere announcement of support price is not sufficient, it should be strictly
enforced through state procurement or through other form of market
intervention
• Promote Farmers producer company or organization with direct access to the
consumers
• Ensure remunerative price to the farmers by linking the upward revision of
support price with inflation/whole sale price index
• Premium price for quality produce/organic produce
• Marketing reforms by allowing the private participation in the establishment
of Mandis
• Ensure farmers access to the commodity exchange
• State intervention to stabilize the prices
Strategy 6 : • Promote diversified cropping system and multiple enterprise to reduce risk
Reduce risk in element
Agriculture • Prime Minister Crop Insurance Scheme is good initiative but needs reforms to
make it acceptable to the farmers. If possible the whole amount of premium
should be borne by the state.
• Ensure highly efficient administration of crop insurance scheme for quick
delivery of compensation
Strategy 7 : • Dairy is the first and foremost and also the universal component of IFS with
Integrated the farmers. This enterprise needs commercialisation with economy of scale,
Farming system mechanisation, automization, also have the support price for milk.
Cooperative in Dairy could be highly successful.
• Fish farming could be viable and profitable enterprise in areas with shallow
water table and brackish water- Approximate area- 6000 ha
• Promotion of IFS model for small and marginal farmers
• Promotion of horticulture particularly Ber, Guava and Citrus orchards
• Mushroom cultivation and bee keeping proving profitable and feasible in
District Panipat
• Scope of further expanding of poultry in the backdrop of being in NCR

65
66
ZONE 1 : YAMUANANAGAR

Geography of Yamuna Nagar District

Yamuna Nagar District is situated at 30 degree 07 minutes north latitude and 77 degree to17
degree 53 minutes east longitude. Yamuna Nagar District has an average elevation of 255 metres (836
feet) above mean sea level. Yamuna Nagar District is bounded by Himachal Pradesh in the north, by
Uttar Pradesh in the east, in the south east by Kurukshetra District, in the south east by Karnal District
and by Ambala District in the east. Yamuna Nagar District falls in geological domain in the Shivalik hills
which are confined to the northern part of Haryana. Yamuna Nagar District has subtropical continental
monsoon climate that is characterised by seasonal rhythm, hot summers, cool winter, unreliable
rainfalls and great variation in temperature. In winters frost sometime occurs during December and
January. Yamuna Nagar District experiences extreme climate conditions. May and June are the hottest
months while December and January are the coldest. Maximum temperature on average goes as high as
44 degree Celsius in the summer season. Temperature starts rising steadily from February onwards till
the on set of monsoon. The average annual rainfall of the district comes out to be 970.33. The important
rivers of the district are Yamuna River, Sarasvati, Chautang, Rakshi Rivers, etc. Yamuna River enters the
district from its northeastern corner through a narrow corridor in the Shivalik. It is a perennial river.
Generally, the slope of Yamuna Nagar District is from north-east to south-west, in which direction most
of rivers flow down. The soils in the district are mainly loamy in nature. The underground water in the
district is suitable for domestic and irrigation purposes. The district has favorable climate for the growth
of rich vegetation due to reasonably good rainfall and elevation. Tropical dry deciduous forests and sub-
tropical forests are found here. Yamuna Nagar District of Haryana receives second highest rainfall after
Panchkula District.

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Administration of Yamuna Nagar District
Yamuna Nagar District comprises one sub division that is Jagadhri and two tehsils namely
Jagadhri and Chhachhrauli. Administrative set-up of Yamuna Nagar District includes four sub tehsils
namely Radaur, Bilaspur, Sadhaura and Mustafabad. There are two Municipal Councils - Yamuna Nagar
and Jagadhri and six Development Blocks namely, Jagadhri, Bilaspur, Sadhaura, Chhachhrauli, Radaur
and Mustafabad. Yamuna Nagar District also consists of 655 villages out of which 629 inhabited and 26
uninhabited. This district falls in two Lok Sabha constituencies - Kurukshetra and Ambala and covered by
five assembly constituencies namely Jagadhri, Radaur, Sadhaura, Yamuna Nagar and Chhachhrauli.
Economy of Yamuna Nagar District
Economy of Yamuna Nagar District is mainly based on agriculture and is agrarian in character.
Total cultivated area of the district is around 128thousand hectares. Cultivated area under sugarcane,
paddy and wheat in the district is 32 percent, 31 percent and 37 percent respectively of the total area.
Agro forestry is another important feature of the economy of Yamuna Nagar District. The major Kharif
crops cultivated here are sugarcane, paddy and maize while the major Rabi crops are wheat, gram, lentil
and oilseeds. The cropping pattern in the district is mainly sugarcane, wheat and paddy. Total irrigated
area of Yamuna Nagar District is 106323 hectares. Out of which under canal irrigation is 3500 ha.
Irrigated by WesternYamuna Canal.
Action Plan Yamunanagar district for Doubling the Farmers Income by 2022

1.Productivity
Enhancement Cereal Crops Emphasis on Resource Conservation technology (Sowing with
ZT/Happy seeder in anchored/ loose residue retained paddy
fields
Emphasis on non monetary Inputs (Timely sowing, seed
treatment ,varietal selection,)
Wheat Timely Management of abiotic and biotic stresses
Improved variety and optimum time of sowing
Integrated weed management , INM and IDM, capacity building
on spray techniques
Paddy Popularisation of RCT like Direct Seeded Rice
Popularisation of green manuring/moong for soil health
Introduction of new varieties/ hybrids
Maintaining plant population-Use of mechanical transplanter
Encouraging seed and nursery treatment with fungicides
INM on soil test basis for nutrient managmenet
Integrated crop management
Pulse Crops Gram, and Introduction of new variety
Lentil, Moong Bed planting in sole and intercropping system
Cluster approach to encourage pulse production
Seed treatment with biofertilizers and fungicides

68
Oilseed Crops Torias, Raya, Selection of new variety
Sarsoan Popularisation of balanced fertilizer with emphasis on gypsum
application
Insect-pest and disease management with optimum spray
schedule.
Post harvest management
Cash Crop Sugarcane Use of improved varieties
Timely sowing of crop with improved crop management practices
Improved planting techniques , intercropping in autumn and
spring planted sugarcane.
Promotion of seed treatment to manage set born diseases
INM (Use of FYM, organic resources, pressmud) and balanced
nutrient management on soil test basis.
Integrated weed management-Control of Motha
Integration of bioagents for management of insect- pests in
sugarcane.
Horticultural Tomato Seed treatment with bioagents and pesticides.
Crops Safe and judicious use of agril. chemicals
Recommended fertiliser management.
Promotion of integrated crop management practices
Potato Introduction of new varieties
Use of organic resources and recommended fertiliser dose on soil
test basis.
Promotion of integrated crop management practices
Integrated disease management(Early and late blight control)
Onion/ Garlic Promotion of new varieties
Integrated nutrient, weed and disease management
Mango Selection of improved varieties and proper planting techniques.

Balanced nutrient management

1. Reducing Cost of Cultivation
Scientific spray schedule for diseases and insect management.
Promotion double no till in paddy-wheat rotation using multicrop
happy seeder
Outscaling and upscaling of resource conserving climate smart
technologies ( DSR/ turboseeded wheat, LLL, GM) in paddy and
sugarcane based systems
Sugarcane planting at wider spacing with intercrops to reduce
seed cost, easy interculture operations, multiple ratoons with
improved profitability.

69

2. Strengthening of subsidiary
activities
3. Sustainable intensification
4. Diversification in Agriculture
5. Post harvest Management
6. Strengthening of Animal
Husbandry Component
7. Integrated Farming system
Acceleration of use of new generation resource and energy
conserving machinery on custom hire basis.
Promotion of soil testing for economic use of fertiliser
Promotion of vermicompost preparation, FYM, compost
Integration of organic resources (FYM, Vermicompost, Pressmud,
Sewage sludge, green manuring) with chemical fertilizer to curtail
cost and improve soil health .
Seed treatment with recommended fungicides and biofertilisers
Improved agronomic cultivation techniques (Line sowing,seed
rate,spacing)
Promotion of safe and judicious use of pesticides
Promotion of subsidiary occupations like mushroom cultivation,
bee keeping, seed production, vermicompost production
activities.
Promotion of skill development of youths and rural farm women
in soil testing, spray techniques, post harvest management of
agricultural produce and cutting and tailoring.
Inclusion of moongbean crop in paddy –wheat rotation during
summer fellow using multicrop happy seeder in Zero till/
anchored wheat stubbles.
Use of multicrop happy seeder for wheat and paddy sowing in
ZT/ residue retained situation.
Intercropping of legumes and oilseed crops in spring/ autumn
planted sugarcane
Cultivation of Rabi Oilseed and Pulses
Cultivation of Maize as replacement of paddy for Resource
Conservation and soil health.
Promotion of cold chain for marketing of horticultural and
vegetable crops.
Promotion of farmer group for sale of pulses, milk and
mushroom.
Promotion of mineral mixture, molasses
Promotion of balanced feed/nutrition
Promotion of quality fodder-jower, berseem, clover.
Promotion of green fodder throughout the year
Hey and silage making
Control of Ecto and Endo-parasites.
Integration of agricultural crops with dairy and other feasible
enterprises.
Promotion of IFS model for small and marginal farmers
70

8. Marketing and Remunerative
prices
Promotion of horticulture particularly Spota, Guava, Mango and
Citrus orchards
Mushroom cultivation and bee keeping .
Direct marketing through farmers group for marketing of agril.
produce
Enforcement of support price announced for agril. crops
Policy for support price of vegetable and horticultural produce
Promote Farmers producer company or organization with direct
access to the consumers
Capacity building for grading, packaging and marketing of quality
produce/organic produce
71
ZONE 1 : KAITHAL

The climate of Kaithal district is similar to NW Indian conditions i.e. very hot in summer and
very cold in winter. Temperature is as high as 45oC in summers and as low as 1-2 oC in winter. The
annual rainfall is 400-700 mm. Paddy-Wheat rotation is the main crop rotation in the distt. Agro based
vocation viz Dairy farming, Mushroom cultivation, Bee keeping and Vermi compost are becoming
popular in the distt. Horticulture and vegetable crops , Agro forestry specially boundary plantation of
Eucalyptus is also gaining momentum in the distt.
Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Kaithal

Strategy 1: Practices to be followed Ramarks

Agro based • Bee Keeping(Honey processing, To increase the farmer income days from
vocations Marketing and value addition) 2 to 8 to 10 days per year
• Mushroom Production (Processing,
Marketing and value addition)
• Vermi Compost
• Nursery Technology
• Spray Technology
Strategy 2 : • Organic vegetable cultivation For getting more income per unit area
Organic farming • Cultivation of organic Agri.crops
• Marketing and value addition to
organic produce

72
Strategy 3 : • Direct seeded Rice and Mechanical To increase the net profit of farmers per
Reducing of Cost transplanting in paddy unit area
of cultivation of • Integrated nutrient management in
crops wheat and paddy
• Integrated pest management in
paddy
• Zero tillage and happy seeder sowing
of wheat
• Promotion of good quality seed and
saplings to the farmers
Strategy 4: Farm • Promotion of Lazer land leveller By improving the soil health; ultimately
Mechanization power tiller, power weeder, paddy increase the farmer income
thrasher, straw reaper, straw
mulcher
Strategy 5 : • Creation of better transportation This will reduce the post harvest losses
Marketing and facilities with cold chain van at Block particularly in vegetables crops which
value addition level. ultimately increase the farmer income
strategy • Creation of direct linkages with food
processing industries for better
prices.
• Establishment of strong linkages
with various stake holders to furnish
information on crop produce and
surplus.
• Establishment of procurement and
collection centre at Block level for
agricultural surplus with proper
labelling.
• Installation of mini grading machines
at village level.
• Establishment of cold storage
facilities in different clusters.
Strategy 6 : Agro • Boundary plantation of Popular Trees planted at farmer fields will work as
Forestry Eucalyptus (HAR MEDH PAR PEDH fixed deposit for the farmers and by
Practices Vision of Hon’ble PM) harvesting these trees farmers will meet
• Plantations at farmers field on the out their major expenses by selling these
vacant area like tube wells kothas , trees
water channel and paths
• Block plantations and inter cropping
of agri. Crops with trees
Strategy 7: • Orientation of women in Agriculture
Women and Animal Husbandry for their
Empowerment effective involvement and
sustainable agriculture.
• Health and nutrition education
specially to combat malnutrition
among female child and anaemia
among adolescent girls and pregnant
women.

73
 • Economic empowerment of women
through skill up-gradation such as
cutting and tailoring and
embellishment of clothes etc.
• Promotion of use of improved sickles
by farm women for drudgery
reduction.
• Promotion of use of protective
clothing by farm women for
drudgery reduction and better
health.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by
Enabling Policies technical expertise and incentives to
small and marginal farmers.
• Encouragement of farmers for
certification mechanism for various
crops and organic farming.
• Popularization of Udhyan and
Krishak Cards for widespread use of
government incentives/subsidies to
farmers.
• Implementation of effective and
workable Nursery Act to avoid
spurious or unreliable planting
material in the state.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture
through more efficient utilization of
land, water and other resources.
• Persuasion of farmers for application
of fertilizers on the basis of soil
health cards.
Strategy 9: • Soil and Water testing This practices will conserve our natural
Resource • Lazer land levelling resources like soil and water and also
Conservation • Direct seeded rice reduce the cost of cultivation
Technology • Mechanical transplanted rice
• Zero Tillage in Wheat
• Bed planting
• Intercropping of vegetables
Strategy 10 : • Promotion and sale of high quality This will also boost the income of farmer
Integrated grafted plants of fruits and indoor
Farming system flowering plants.
• Persuasion and motivation of
farmers for adoption of subsidiary
enterprises along with traditional
farming.
• Promotion of protected cultivation in
vegetables and floriculture.
• Promotion of Indigenous breeds of
cattle such as Haryana cow, Sahiwal,

74
 Gir, Tharparkar, Belahi etc. for both
purposes i.e. organic farming and
milk production.
• Selection of high milk breeds of
cattle and buffaloes.
• Establishment of centres for easy
availability of good quality and
nutritive fodder seeds to the
farmers.
• Promotion and popularization of hay
and silage technology to the farmers
during dry fodder lean period.
• Promotion of mineral mixture and
iodine salt for management of
reproductive disorders and
increasing milk productivity in dairy
animals.

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ZONE 1 : SONIPAT

Sonipat district comprises of 8 blocks with two distinct Agro- Ecological Situations (AES)
AES-1 (Sonipat, Murthal, Ganaur, Rai and Part of Kharkhoda)
AES-2 (Gohana, Mudlana, Kathura and Part of Kharkhoda)
Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Sonipat
District: Sonipat (AES-1)
Strategy 1 : Crop production
Productivity • Promotion of quality seed and optimum seed rate
Enhancement • Maintaining optimum plant population especially in paddy, sugarcane and
potato
• Promotion of inter and relay cropping
• Off season cultivation
• Organic crop production
• Crop intensification by adoption of summer moong
• Selective use of chemicals
• Innovative farming of cucurbits
Soil Health Management
• Crop residue management

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 • Integrated nutrient management
• Judicious use of chemical fertilizers
• Promotion of soil amendments in reclamation of problematic soils.
• Green manuring and composting
Efficient water use
• More crop per drop
• Laser land levelling
• Adoption of micro-irrigation namely drip and sprinkler
• Ground water recharge and rain water harvesting & management.
• Raised bed cultivation and mulching
Management of wild animal problem
• Legislative measures.
• Promotion of protected cultivation.
Strategy 2 : • Promotion of Zero tillage, Direct seeded rice (DSR), Laser guided land
Resource leveling, crop residue management
conservation • Energy conservation
and • Precision farming
management
• Drudgery reduction
• Soil and Water management
Strategy 3 : • Diversification towards vegetables and floriculture
Farm • Promotion of baby corn, sweet corn and exotic vegetables
Diversification • Promotion of allied agri enterprises
• Promotion of agro forestry
• Promotion of orchards with intercropping
Strategy 4 : • Adoption of different Integrated Farming Systems including:
Integrated • Agriculture + Animal Husbandry (Desi cow, cross breed and Murrah Buffalo)
Farming system • Agriculture + Horticulture
• Protected cultivation
• Seed production
• Production of fruit, vegetable and forestry planting material
• Mushroom cultivation (button, milky and dhingri)
• Vermi composting
• Agriculture + Agro forestry (Poplar, Eucaliptus and Moringa)
• Agriculture + Apiculture
Strategy 5 : Post • Promotion of suitable varieties for value addition
harvest • Promotion of canning of mushroom , baby corn and sweet corn
management
• Farm level grading, waxing, packaging and storage
and value
addition • Establishment of Food and Processing Units
• Promotion of cluster approach i.e. FPO/FIG/SHG/JLG/ Kisan Club for efficient
handling of surplus fruits and vegetables .

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 • Value addition of local produce i.e. potato, tomato, carrot, cauliflower,
mushroom and different types of corn etc
• Strengthening of Ware House and Cold Storage facilities
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like dairy, mushrrom, bee keeping,
Income poultry and fish farming.
generation from • Promotion of mushroom and apiculture for marginal and landless farmers.
secondary • Promotion of pig, sheep and goat rearing
agriculture • Promotion of skill development in women and youth in allied agriculture
Strategy 7: • Strengthening of direct, e-marketing and group marketing approaches
Marketing and • Promotion of contract farming
value addition in • Strengthening of backward and forward linkages
specific agro- • Promotion of Apni Mandi concept
ecological
• Establishment of Cold chain and processing units
region
• Creation of better infrastructure and transportation facilities
• Establishment of collection centre locally
• Establishment of zero energy cooling chambers at village level
• Strengthening of existing pack house and storage facilities
• Promotion of indigenous onion and garlic storage
Strategy 8: • Formation of commodity specific farmers’ groups (FIGs, SHGs, JLGs, FPOs,
Group approach Kisan clubs and cooperatives)
and risk • Group approach in marketing
management • Promotion of cluster approach
• Farm finance and risk management
Strategy 9 • Effective Implementation of Extension reforms namely E-chaupal and ATMA
Use of ICTs • Effective convergence of line departments with research institutes to avoid
repetitiveness in extension approach
• Use of ICT enabled tools for technological dissemination
• Creation of ICT hubs at village level
• Use of KIOSKs
• Blending of modern and traditional media for efficient and timely farm
information dissemination
Strategy 10 : • Conservation of murrah buffalo and desi cow
Livestock: • Promotion of mineral mixture feeding
Goatry, Poultry, • Promotion of high yielding and nutritive fodder varieties
Fisheries • Promotion of cooperative milk societies
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.
• Promotion of round the year green fodder availability
• Promotion of backyard poultry for marginal and landless farmer
• Management of traditional water bodies (Johad) and low lying areas for
fishery
• Promotion of Sheep and goat rearing

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District: Sonipat (AES-2)

Strategy 1 : Crop production

Productivity • Promotion of salt tolerant and less water requirement crops
Enhancement • Promotion of salinity resistant varieties and practices
• Promotion of quality seed and optimum seed rate
• Maintaining optimum plant population especially in paddy, sugarcane and
potato
• Organic crop production
• Crop intensification by adoption of summer moong
• Selective use of chemicals
• Promotion of cultivation ber, date palm and aonla
Soil Health Management
• Crop residue management
• Integrated nutrient management
• Judicious use of chemical fertilizers
• Promotion of soil amendments in reclamation of problematic soils.
• Green manuring and composting
• Use of water drainage techniques
Efficient water use
• More crop per drop
• Laser land levelling
• Adoption of micro-irrigation namely drip and sprinkler
• Ground water recharge and rain water harvesting & management.
• Raised bed cultivation and mulching
Management of wild animal problem
• Legislative measures.
• Promotion of protected cultivation.
Strategy 2 : • Promotion of Zero tillage, Direct seeded rice (DSR), Laser guided land
Resource leveling, crop residue management
conservation • Energy conservation
and • Precision farming
management
• Drudgery reduction
• Soil and Water management
Strategy 3 : • Diversification towards vegetables and floriculture
Farm • Promotion of allied agri enterprises
Diversification • Promotion of agro forestry in low lying areas with eucalyptus
• Promotion of orchards with intercropping
Strategy 4 : • Adoption of different Integrated Farming Systems including:
Integrated • Agriculture + Animal Husbandry (Desi cow, cross breed and Murrah Buffalo)
Farming system • Agriculture + Horticulture

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 • Protected cultivation
• Seed production
• Production of fruit, vegetable and forestry planting material
• Mushroom cultivation (button, milky and dhingri)
• Vermi composting
• Agriculture + Agro forestry (Poplar, Eucaliptus and Moringa)
• Agriculture + Apiculture
Strategy 5 : Post • Promotion of suitable varieties for value addition
harvest • Promotion of canning of mushroom , baby corn and sweet corn
management
• Farm level grading, waxing, packaging and storage
and value
addition • Establishment of Food and Processing Units
• Promotion of cluster approach i.e. FPO/FIG/SHG/JLG/ Kisan Club for efficient
handling of surplus fruits and vegetables .
• Value addition of local produce i.e. potato, tomato, carrot, cauliflower,
mushroom and different types of corn etc
• Strengthening of Ware House and Cold Storage facilities
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like dairy, mushrrom, bee keeping,
Income poultry and fish farming.
generation from • Promotion of mushroom and apiculture for marginal and landless farmers.
secondary
• Promotion of pig, sheep and goat rearing
agriculture
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth in allied agriculture
• Promotion of Carps cultivation in saline waters
Strategy 7: • Strengthening of direct, e-marketing and group marketing approaches
Marketing and • Promotion of contract farming
value addition • Strengthening of backward and forward linkages
in specific agro-
• Promotion of Apni Mandi concept
ecological
region • Establishment of Cold chain and processing units
• Creation of better infrastructure and transportation facilities
• Establishment of collection centre locally
• Establishment of zero energy cooling chambers at village level
• Strengthening of existing pack house and storage facilities
• Promotion of indigenous onion and garlic storage
Strategy 8: • Formation of commodity specific farmers’ groups (FIGs, SHGs, JLGs, FPOs,
Group approach Kisan clubs and cooperatives)
and risk • Group approach in marketing
management • Promotion of cluster approach
• Farm finance and risk management
Strategy 9 • Effective Implementation of Extension reforms namely E-chaupal and ATMA
Use of ICTs • Effective convergence of line departments with research institutes to avoid
repetitiveness in extension approach

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 • Use of ICT enabled tools for technological dissemination
• Creation of ICT hubs at village level
• Use of KIOSKs
• Blending of modern and traditional media for efficient and timely farm
information dissemination
Strategy 10 : • Conservation of murrah buffalo and desi cow
Livestock: • Promotion of mineral mixture feeding
Goatry, Poultry,
• Promotion of high yielding and nutritive fodder varieties
Fisheries
• Promotion of cooperative milk societies
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.
• Promotion of round the year green fodder availability
• Promotion of backyard poultry for marginal and landless farmer
• Management of traditional water bodies (Johad) and low lying areas for
fishery
• Promotion of Sheep and goat rearing
• Promotion of Carps cultivation in saline waters

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ZONE II : SIRSA

Action plan for doubling farmers income by 2022 in Sirsa district

Strategy 1: • Crop diversification ( cotton could be diverted to sugar cane if sufficient

Productivity canal water is made available)
Enhancement • Diversification into high value crops eg date palm,
• Farm mechanisation for reduced labour cost
• Use of fertiliser on soil test basis
• Efficient use of chemical fertilisers along with organic and bio fertilisers
• Amelioration of nutrient deficiencies with foliar sprays
• Proper time and method of fertilisers
• Availability of quality seeds
• Availability of good quality pesticides
• Integrated pests and disease management approach
• Avoiding mixing of pesticide formulations and or pesticides concoction
methods of application
• Proper dosage and application of pesticides in field crops
• Adoption of proper spraying equipments and techniques
• Safe and judicious use of pesticides
• Avoiding the higher doses of chemical application to minimise the

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 environmental and health hazard, resistance in insect-pests and diseases
• Use of resistant varieties to insect-pests and diseases
• Economic Threshold level approach for insect pest and disease in field crops
• Applying cultural methods to control pests and disease in field crops
• Mechanical approaches to contain pests and diseases in field crops
• Biological methods for control of insect-pests and disease in field and
plantation crop
• Time and need based approach to contain the insect-pests and disease
problems in field crops
• Chemical application to be the last resort in any insect-pests and disease
control
Strategy 2 • Adoption of More crops per Drop
Efficient use of • More area under irrigation with the help of advanced micro irrigation
irrigation water techniques
• Use of land lazer leveller
• Use of mulching in orchards
Strategy 3: • Breed up gradation
Promotion of • Scientific approach in farming of dairy, goat, fishery, poultry etc
Livestock, fisheries & • Easily availability of loans
goatry
• Selection of high milk breeds in buffalo and cattles.
• Establishment of milk chlling plant
• Introduction and promotion of cross heiffer for increasing marginal
farmers
• Development of more A1 centres for breed development
• Use of mineral mixtre for all types of cattles.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, vermi compost and bio fertilizers
Reduced cost of to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers
Cultivation • Promotion of line sowing and fertilizers application in crops
• Promotion of recommended seed rate ,spacing, depth and seed
treatment specially wheat,mustard, barley and guar
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural
inputs
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations
• Promotion of use of power tiller's, power weeder;s , paddy threshner's ,
wheat tresher, wheat hand hoe, manual/ power operated wheat/paddy
reapers
• Promotion of multching to maintain moisture and reduce intercultural
operation cost.
• Promotion of tillers and other garden tools for reduction of drudgery
Strategy 5: • Promotion of different integrated farming system module
Integrated Farming • Dairy + Poultry +Fishery + Agriculture
System

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 • Agri+Horiticulture+Mushroom+Dairy
• Agri+Beekeeping+Vermicompost+Dairy
• Seed Production+Dairy+Mushrum
Strategy 6: • Establishment of community processing units
Reducing post • Establishment of Community cold storages
harvest losses and • Providing of Air conditioned transport facilities
value addition
• Establishment of food processing unit for citrus and guava.
• Promotion of common reservation on custom hire bases
• Promotion of post harvest products of citrus guava and ber
• Establishment of mini grading fruit plants for kinnows
Strategy 7: • Minimum Support Price for farm produce
Marketing and value • Better marketing facilities
addition in specific • Promotion of E-marketing
agro-ecological
• Credit for dairying, fishery, Bee keeping, Mushroom cultivation etc.
region
• Creation of better transportation facilities with cool chain van at block level
• Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better
prices
• Establishment of strong linkages with various stock holders to furnish
information on crop produce and surplus
• Establishment of procurement and collection centre at block level for
agricultural surplus with proper labeling
• Establishment of cold room in different clusters.
• Installation of mini grading machines at village level
Strategy 8: • Popularization of PMFBY, PMKSY etc.
Enabling policies • Implementation of effective and workable nursery act to avoid spurious
or unreliable planting material in the state
• Ensure sustainable agricultural through more effective utilization of land
water and other resources
• Implementation of soil health card scheme in each block
Strategy 9: • Production of Achar, Chatni, Jam , jelly by vegetable farmers
Landless farmers and • Production of secondary products by farmers ie Making flour, Dal
farm women from Green gram
• Community juice manufacturing unit for Kinnow farmers
• Promotionary subsidiary operations, fish farming and mushroom
cultivation
• Promotion of agriculture for small landless farmers
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth
• Encouraging SHG's, FIG's, NGO's for promotion of agricultural based
economy by developing small scale enterprises i.e. candle making, Jam
and Jelly making etc.

84
Strategy 10:- • Development of mobile apps/software for online management and
Online management evaluation at district level
and evaluation • Development of E- marketing and kiosk at district level to have
information of surplus commodities at block level
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of whatsapp etc. for
effective implementation of programme

85
ZONE II : FATEHABAD

District profile :

The Fatehabad district has three sub-divisions viz. Fatehabad, Ratia, and Tohana three Tehsils
viz., Fatehabad, Ratia, Tohana, three sub Tehsils viz., Bhuna, Jakhal and Bhattu Kalan and six blocks viz.
Fatehabad, Bhuna, Bhattu Kalan, Ratia, Tohana and Jakhal. Principal Agriculture Markets are Fatehabad,
Bhuna, Bhattu Kalan, Ratia, Tohana and Jakhal.
1. General census
(i) No. of blocks : 6
(ii) Total villages : 244
(iii) No. of gram panchayats : 247
(iv) Geographical Area : 252363
(v) Total population : 942011
(vi) Male population : 495360
(vii) Female population : 446651
(viii) Population Density : 371
(ix) Literacy : 67.92%
(x) Rural Population : 80.94%

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2. Agricultural and allied census
(i) Total geographical area (ha) : 252363
(ii) Cultivable area (ha) : 229328
(iii) Cultivated area (ha) : 219881
(iv) Current fellow : 9447 (ha)
(v) Problematic soils (saline) & : 1620 (ha)
Water lodge conditions

3. Agro-climatic zones
Sr. No Agro-climatic Zone Characteristics
1. Semi-arid Dry and semi wet

4. Agro-ecosystems

S. No Soil type Characteristics Area in ha

Fatehabad i) Sandy soil - 67959
ii) Clay loam
iii) Alluvial clay
Bhuna Clay to sandy loam - 39467
Bhattu Sandy soil - 36005
Ratia Most of the area falls under clay loam - 53190
soils being Ghaghar river area
Jakhal -do- - 15283
Tohana Clay loam to loamy soil - 33624

5. Major and micro-farming systems

Sr. No. Farming System/enterprise
1. Cotton-Wheat
2. Paddy-Wheat
3. Guar-Wheat
4. Bajra-Mustard/Barley
5. Paddy-Wheat-Moong
6. Groundnut-Mustrad- Moong

1. Major production systems like rice based (rice-rice, rice-green gram, etc.), cotton based, etc.
(i) Paddy-Wheat
(ii) Paddy-Gram-Moong
(iii) Paddy-Wheat-Moong
(iv) Jawar-Mustrad-Cotton
(v) Jawar- Mustrad- Moong
(vi) Bajra/Guar-Wheat-Dhaincha-Basmati Paddy
(vii) Bajra-Barley-Cotton
(viii) Inter cropping of vegetable/crops in hort. Plants/trees/veg.

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2. Major agriculture and allied enterprises
Sr. Type of Agro- Block No. of Per day capacity of Produce Processed by
No. Processing unit Processing Agro-Processing Agro-Processing unit
units unit (tones) during 2008-09 (tones)
1. Rice mill Jakhal, 51 510 MT 153000
Tohana,
Fatehabad
2. Flour mill -do- 7 35 MT 10500
3. Oil mill -do- 27 20 MT 9000
4. Cotton mill -do- 25 200 MT 90000
Action plan for doubling farmers income by 2022 in district Fatehabad

Strategy 1: Use of Water saving technology:-

Productivity • Use of Laser land laveller after harvesting of rabi crops
Enhancement • Promotion of water conservation techniques like mulching, drip
irrigation in orchard & cotton
• Use of RCT in wheat
• DSR in Rice
• Bed planting in gram, bajra and vegetables (Potato/tomato/ sweet
potato/cucurbities etc.
Adoption of Cluster approach for holistic devolpment
• Strengthening for plantation of new orchards i. e citrus, guava, ber and
pomegranate.
• promotin of off seson cultivation in poly house (tomato/
cucumber/capsicum and gladiulus.
Management of wild animals problems(wild pigeon and blue bulls)
• Cultivation of lime/lemon on boundary field and growing of ginger and
turmeric in wild animal problematic area.
• Cultivation of lemon grass.
Adoption of farm mechanisation
• Promotion of happy seeder, rotavator ,Zero seed drill and straw baler.
• Popularisation of manually operated harvesting (more perefernce
cultivated basmati rice CSR-30, Pusa-1121,HBC-19 etc.
Management of soil Health
• Use of proper nutrients management on the basis of soil health card
issued
• promotion of soil amendments in reclamation of problematic soils.
Strategy 2 • Popularization of soil bunds to save excessive loss of nutrients in
Efficient use of undulating land of Bhattu and Faehabad block
irrigation water • Popularization of tranches or silages for percolation of water to avoid
surface run off
• Conservation of check dam and artificial structure to maximize water
percolation rate in marginal and denudated areas
• Constructionof tank for storage of water for lean season
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season

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 • Development of soil bunds to save excessive loss of nutrients in
undulated land.
Strategy 3: • Selection of high milk breeds in buffalo and cattles.
Livestock production • Establishment of milk chlling plant
• Introduction and promotion of cross heiffer for increasing marginal
farmers
• Development of more A1 centres for breed development
• Use of mineral mixtre for all types of cattles.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, vermi compost and bio fertilizers
Reduced cost of to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers
Cultivation • Promotion of line sowing and fertilizers application in crops
• Promotion of recommended seed rate ,spacing, depth and seed
treatment specially wheat,mustard, barley and guar
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural
inputs
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations
• Promotion of use of power tiller's, power weeder;s , paddy threshner's ,
wheat tresher, wheat hand hoe, manual/ power operated wheat/paddy
reapers
• Promotion of multching to maintain moisture and reduce intercultural
operation cost.
• Promotion of tillers and other garden tools for reduction of drudgery
Strategy 5: • Promotion of different integrated farming system modules such as.
Integrated Farming • Protected cultivation +vermi compost+field etc.
System • Fodder production +mini diary+composting
• Seed production of wheat , mustard, rice and vegetables + mushroom
cultivation+ bee keeping
• Field crops+animal husbandary+ vermi compost+ bee-keeping
Strategy 6: • Establishment of food processing unit for citrus and guava.
Reducing post • Promotion of common reservation on custom hire bases
harvest losses and • promotion of post harvest products of citrus guava and ber
value addition • Establishment of mini grading fruit plants for kinnows
Strategy 7: • Creation of better transportation facilities with cool chain van at block level
Marketing and value • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices
addition in specific • Establishment of strong linkages with various stock holders to furnish
agro-ecological information on crop produce and surplus
region • Establishment of procurement and collection centre at block level for
agricultural surplus with proper labeling
• Establishment of cold room in different clusters.
• Installation of mini grading machines at village level
Strategy 8: • Popularization of PMFBY, PMKSY etc.
Enabling policies • Implementation of effective and workable nursery act to avoid spurious
or unreliable planting material in the state
• Ensure sustainable agricultural through more effective utilization of land
water and other resources
• Implementation of soil health card scheme in each block

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Strategy 9: • Promotionary subsidiary operations, fish farming and mushroom
Landless farmers and cultivation
farm women • Promotion of agriculture for small landless farmers
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth
• Encouraging SHG's, FIG's, NGO's for promotion of agricultural based
economy by developing small scale enterprises i.e. candle making, Jam
and Jelly making etc.
Strategy 10:- • Development of mobile apps/software for online management and
Online management evaluation at district level
and evaluation • Development of E- marketing and kiosk at district level to have
information of surplus commodities at block level
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the
problems related with farmers
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of whatsapp etc. for
effective implementation of programme

90
ZONE II : HISAR

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Hisar

Strategy 1 : • Creation of the water harvesting body both for rain and canal water.
Productivity • Promotion of water conservation techniques like mulch, sprinkler and drip in
Enhancement fruit crops (guava, ber and kinnow), vegetable crops and field crops (oil seed,
pulses & cereal crop).
• Cultivation of improved variety of oil seed like Raya, Castor, Sesame, etc.
• Cultivation of improved variety of pulses like Moong, Guar and Gram.
• Promotion of summer Moong cultivation in paddy belt.
• Promotion of vegetable and fruit crops cultivation in cluster approach.
• Installation of Pheromone traps for the control of fruit fly in fruits and
vegetable crops
• Promotion of sufficient and assured supply of HYV cereal, pulses and fodder seed
• Promotion of IPM modules as per area and crop specific in field and
horticultural crops.
• Protection of filed crops, fruits and vegetable crops from wild and stray
animals by developing biological fencing like Prosopis juliflora, Lawsonia
inermis, Carrisa carrandus, etc.
• Promotion of protected cultivation of vegetables.
• Promotion of serrated sickle for reduction of drudgery in farm women.
• Popularization of tractor operated machinery such as laser leveller, reaper,
happy seeder, ridger seeder, multipurpose thresher, cultivator for weeding
and hoeing etc.

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 • Promotion of active and area specific Rhizobium, PSB and Azotabactor culture
in crops as seed inoculant.
• Organic cultivation of cereals, vegetables, pulses and oil seed crops in
different blocks of Hisar district.
• Promotion of soil amendments in reclamation of problematic and degraded
soil in different blocks of Hisar district.
Strategy 2 : • Selection of high milk breeds in buffaloes and cattle.
Livestock: • Encourage the fodder production through improved variety of fodder crops.
Goatry, Poultry, • Promotion of technique of preparing hey and silage and storage of straw.
Fisheries • Introduction and promotion of Murrah buffalo, Sahiwal cow and Haryana cow
for increasing income of marginal farmer.
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of different Integrated Farming System modules such as :
Integrated • Protected cultivation + Composting+Vermi-composting+Goatry and poultry
Farming system • Fodder production+ Mini dairy + Vermi-composting + Protected cultivation
• Seed production (wheat, rice, pulses, oil seed, onion, radish, carrot)+ Fruits
and vegetables nursery+Mushroom cultivation+Bee-keeping
Strategy 4 : • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of fruits
Reducing post and vegetables in areas through farmer cooperative society.
harvest losses • Tertiary and value addition in ber, aonla, kinnow, guava, plum, karonda,
and value carrot, cauliflower, chilli, garlic, ginger, radish, teat by establishment of small
addition processing units at house hold level.
Strategy 5 : • Promotion of Afforestation of plants in Panchyat, Community and
Waste land Government land.
development • Reclamation of salt affected soil by use of gypsium and farm yard manure and
and waste water through plantation of Eucalyptus.
• Construction of storage tank for storage of water for lean season.
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season.
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermicompost and Biofertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Promotion of line sowing and fertilizers application in crops.
• Promotion of recommended seed rate, spacing and depth.
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural
inputs.
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations.
• Promotion of use of Power tillers, Power weeders, Paddy threshers, Wheat
threshers, Castor thresher, Wheel Hand hoe, tractor operated Wheat reaper,
Power operated Paddy trans-planter and laser leveller.
• Promotion of mulching (bio or degradable plastic) to maintain moisture and
reduce intercultural operation cost in fruit crops.
• Promotion of water saving irrigation techniques in horticultural and filed
crops such as drip and sprinkler.
• Promotion of tillers and other garden tools for reduction of drudgery.
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like poultry, fish farming, mushroom
farm income production and vermi-composting.
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.

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 • Promotion of skill development in women and youth through providing
vocational training on fruit and vegetable preservation, garment construction
and soft toys making, bee keeping, seed production, vermin-composting,
nursery raising, etc.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidises and incentives to
Enabling Policies small and marginal farmers.
• Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card Scheme in each block.
Strategy 9 : • Creation of direct linkages between grower and food processing industries for
Marketing and better prices.
value addition in • Establishment of strong linkages with various stack holders to furnish
specific agro- information on crop produce and surplus.
ecological • Installation of mini grading machines at village level.
region • Establishment of cold room in different clusters.
Strategy 10 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Development of e-Marketing at district level to have information of surplus
and Evaluation commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of Whatsapp etc. for effective
implementation of program.

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ZONE II : JIND

General Description of district Jind

The district lies in the North of Haryana between 29° 03’00’’ to 29° 51’ 00’’ North latitude and
75°53’00” to 76°45’30” East longitude falling in the Survey of India toposheet No. 53C and 44O. It is
bounded by Patiala in the North and Sangrur district of Punjab in the northeast. It is surrounded by
district Kaithal and Karnal of Haryana in east and west respectively. In southwest it has a common
boundary with district Hissar, whereas in south and southeast it shares its boundary with Rohtak and
Sonipat respectively. Jind district encompasses a geographical area of 2702 Sq.km For the administrative
convenience, the Jind district, a segment of the Hissar division has been divided into four (04) tehsils i.e.
Narwana, Jind , Safidon and Julana. In order to streamline the rural development , these tehsils have
been further subdivided into seven blocks namely Narwana, Uchana, Alewa, Jind, Julana, Pilukhera and
Safidon. As per 2011 census the total population of the district is 1332042. During 1991 census, the
district registered a growth of 21.36% in a last decade. The rural and urban population is 9,48,250 and
2,41,577 with an average density of 440-person/sq km. Out of total population 6,42,282 are males and
5,47,545 are females. The male and female ratio of the district as a whole was 1000:852. In Jind district
79% of the population is settled in 307 villages and the rest 21% of population is concentrated in five
towns. There is no scheduled tribe population in the district, as no part of the district is under tribal
area. The population of schedule caste is 2,35,765 out of which 1,98,790 belong to rural and 36,975 to
urban area. The percentage of schedule caste population of the district is 19.81%. The literacy rate in

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the district is 52.33% out of which the male literacy is 33.44% while female literacy is 18.88 % The area
of Jind district is irrigated by two canal systems i.e. The Western Yamuna canal and the Bhakra canal.
The Narwana and Barwala link canals of Bhakra canal system interlink these two systems. Western
Yamuna Canal takes off from the Yamuna at Tajewala head works (Ambala district). The Sirsa branch
bifurcates from the main Western Yamuna canal at Indri (Karnal district ) and joint by Narwana branch
of Bhakra canal near Budhera. About 49.0 km further down the Hansi Branch takes off from main branch
of Western Yamuna canal at village Munak. Sirsa Branch irrigates area in the Northern part of Jind
district by Narwana branch of the Bhakra canal and its distributaries i.e. Habri sub branch , Jakhali,
Rajaund, Sudkain Dhanauri etc. The area of the district irrigated by the Sirsa branch is approx. 143744ha.
Hansi branch enters in the district near Anta village in Safidon Tehsil with the augmentation of water
supply from Bhakra canal. It irrigates the southern part of the Jind district through Buthra Branch and
Sunder sub branch. The area irrigated by Hansi branch system is approx. 63326ha. Narwana Branch link
canal irrigates some area of Jind district in its tail reaches. The district is also irrigated through Khanauri
and Haripur minors. The area irrigated by these distributaries is approx. 5000 ha. (Source irrigation
Deptt. Canal)
District at a Glance
Area - 2736 sq. km. (6.3% of the State)
Population - 11,62,547
No. of villages - 307
Total area - 2,74115 ha.
Cultivable area - 2,39,235 ha.
Net area sown - 2,37,714 ha.
Net Irrigated area - 2,35,967 ha.
Land not available for cultivation - 28,314 ha.
Cropping intensity - 198
Fallow land - 6571 ha.
Area under fruit crops - 1000 ha.
Area under Forestry - 7000 ha.
Type of soil - Sandy loam/Clay loam
Area under Salinity/Sodicity - 4409 ha.
Ground water suitable for irrigation - 21%
Major Kharif Crops - Rice, Sugarcane, Cotton, Bajra
Major Rabi Crops - Wheat and Oilseed crops
Cattle population per thousand - 109 (against 73 of the State)
Buffalo population per thousand - 422 (against 286 of the State)
Poultry population - 800 farms having 42 lacs birds
87 hatcheries rearing 37 lacs parent birds

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Area, Production and Productivity of Major Crops:
Sl. Crop Area Production Productivity/Av.
No (000 ha) (000 Qtls) yield (Qtls /ha)
Kharif Crops:
1. Paddy 135 349 2588
2. Bajra 19 34 1787
3. Sugarcane 3 271 67685
4. Cotton : Desi 70.9 175 (000 bales of 503
American 170 Kg. each)
Rabi Crops
1. Wheat N. A.
2. Oilseed (Raya) N. A. Source- DDA, Jind
Source:- DDA Jind

Production and productivity of livestock, Poultry, Fisheries etc. in the district

Category Population Production Productivity
Cattle
Crossbred 10126 65819 ltr 6.5 ltr
Indigenous 120920 504340 lt 4.2 ltr
Buffalo 509280 4065341 ltr 8.1 ltr
Sheep
Crossbred 48216 819.67 qt wool 1.7 kg wool
8823 qtl. Meat 18.3 kg meat
Indigenous
Goats 9714 1670 qtl meat 17.2 kg meat
Pigs
Crossbred 11916 4959 qtl meat 41.62 kg meat
Indigenous
Rabbits 2000 40 qtl meat 2.0 kg meat
Poultry
Hens 30221 40 lacs eggs 215 eggs per year
Desi 17518 19 lac eggs 112 eggs per year
Improved 42 lacs 63 lacs kg. meat per 45 1.5 kg meat per 45
days days

Category Area Production Productivity

Fish
Marine
Inland 556.67 ha 2500 ton 5.2 tons per ha

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Action plan for Doubling farmers Income by 2022 in district Jind

Strategy 1 : Although there are limited scope for the productivity gain in Rice-Wheat cropping
Productivity system and other systems in the district but some key issues would need sound
Enhancement management for productivity stability and enhancement:-
• Integration of all possible Resource conserving technologies like green
manuring, DSR, Residue management, laser levelling etc.
• Best use of summer fallow to accommodate third crop raising the cropping
intensity from 160% to 250%.
• Multiple land use through intercropping/relay cropping etc. particularly in
Sugarcane
• Management of biotic stresses like Bakanae, plant hoppers, Blast in paddy,
Yellow rust and weed management in wheat and wilt in cotton and raya
• Introduction of short duration new varieties having higher productivity
• Breed improvement in cattle
• Judicious use of farm by-products which otherwise are considered as waste
or of little value
Strategy 2 : There is good scope to reduce the cost of production with available technologies
Reduce cost of as under:-
production • Increasing area under DSR and mechanical transplanting in paddy
• Increasing area under Zero Tillage/Happy-Seeder in wheat sowing
• Mechanization and best use of family labour to reduce cost on hired labour
• Integration of organic farming to decrease the cost of chemical fertilizers and
pesticides. Use of bio-fertilizers, Trichoderma etc.
• Seed production at farmer field.
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and processing of
Reducing post surplus fruits and vegetables.
harvest losses • Globally linked state of art marketing infrastructure for perishable commodities
and value
• Better storage facilities for food grains and cold storage for perishable items
addition
• Establishment of processing units
• Reintroduction of khandsari ie. for preparation of gur, shakkar etc.
• Processing of milk in various dairy products eg ice-cream, cheese etc.
• Proper grading and packaging for safe transportation and marketing.
Strategy 4 : • To diminish pesticide residue in Basmati rice for better export.
Quality • No insecticides use in cotton ie Village: Nidana, Nidani model.
Improvement
• Organic farming of different vegetables.
• Promote cultivation of Desi Wheat
• Promotion of pulse production for soil health and nutritional security

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Strategy 5 : • Provide e- market platform to the farmers to reduce/eliminate the
Marketing and profiteering by middlemen.
Remunerative • Abolish the commission agent system and promote direct purchase from the
prices farmers on pre-determined price under contractual mode.
• MSP for all crops.
• Promote Farmers producer societies with direct access to the consumers
• Adoption of Swami Nathan Aayog recommendation.
Strategy 6 : • Promote diversified cropping system to ensure remunerative prices and to
Reduce risk in cover crop failure.
Agriculture • Adoption of Prime Minister Crop Insurance Scheme.
• Ensure highly efficient administration of crop insurance scheme for quick
delivery of compensation
• Regular monitoring of insect-pest disease.
Strategy 7 : • Dairy is the important component of IFS. Easy loan facilities may be provided.
Integrated • Fish farming could be viable and profitable enterprise in areas with shallow
Farming system water table and brackish water- Approximate area- 2000 ha
• Promotion of IFS model for small and marginal farmers
• Promotion of horticulture particularly Ber, Guava and Aonla orchards
• Mushroom cultivation and bee keeping be incorporated.
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like beekeeping, poultry, fish farming
farm income and mushroom production & nutritious recopies.
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.
• Promotion of cultivation and collection of medicinal plants.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidises and incentives to
Enabling Policies small and marginal farmers.
• Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card & PMFBY Scheme in each block.
Strategy 9 : • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
Marketing and • Establishment of strong linkages with various stack holders to furnish
value addition in information on crop produce and surplus.
specific agro- • Promotion of procurement and collection centre for agricultural surplus with
ecological proper labelling.
region
• Educating farmers in deciding what, when, and how much to produce and
when and where to sell

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Strategy 10 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Development of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information of
and Evaluation surplus commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of Whatsapp etc. for effective
implementation of program.

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ZONE II : ROHTAK

District Profile of Rohtak

1. General census

No. of blocks 5
Total villages 151
No. of Gram Panchayats 147
Total Population 940128
Male population 509038
Female population 431090
SC/ST population 179550
Total literacy (%) 68.5
Male Literacy (%) 83.23
Female Literacy (%) 62.59

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2. Agricultural and allied census

Total geographical area (ha) 166847

Net cultivated area (ha) 126268
Gross cropped area (ha) 215786
Cropping intensity (%) 171
Forest Area (ha) 4475
Irrigation by canal (ha) 84000
Irrigation by Tube well (ha) 41000
No. of farm families 69761
Marginal farmers (0-1 ha) 26650
Small farmers (1-2 ha) 12820
Semi medium farmers (2-4 ha) 10833
Medium farmers (4-10 ha) 16783
Large farmers ( > 10 ha) 2675

3. Agro climatic zones

The district has semi arid, sub-tropical type of climate and experiences extreme heat in summer
(up to 460C) and cold in winter (up to freezing point). The mean annual rainfall is 450 mm with erratic
and uneven distribution. Most of the annual rainfall is brought by south-west monsoon from July to
September and the rest by western disturbance in the remaining month of the year. The mean seasonal
temperatures during Kharif and Rabi season are 290C to 310C and 160C to 180C with relative humidity of
70% and 55%, respectively.
The annual aridity index is 0.60 with P.E of 1400 to 1600 mm, actual evapotranspiration of 500
to 800 mm, water need in Kharif and Rabi of 600 to 700 mm and 400 to 450 mm and annual water
deficit of 600 to 1100 mm.
The soils are tropical arid brown to arid brown with alluvial origin, calcareous in nature, sandy to
loam with pH 7.02 to 8.5, low in nitrogen, and medium in phosphorus and medium to high in potassium
availability.
The thickness of column is more than 150 cm and the structure varies from massive to angular
blocky. The available moisture capacity is good with imperfectly drained and moderate permeability.
The status of organic carbon content of soil is low. The soils are having the problem of salinity and
alkalinity due to brackish under ground water vis-à-vis poor drainage system and insufficient availability
of good quality irrigation water.
4 Agro-ecosystems
Sr. Name of Character of A.E.S. Approximate
No. A.E.S. Area in %
1 A.E.S.-I Consisting of Loamy sand soil with normal pH, low in organic
(Rohtak and carbon, medium in available phosphorus, medium to high in 48%
Sampla Block) potash. The area is flood prone with variable duration, water
table depth is within critical limit (3.0 mtr). Substantial area is

101
 under saline condition. Paddy-wheat, jowar-wheat,
jowar/Bajra-Raya are predominant crop sequences and crop-
Murrah buffalo is farming system.
Area is mainly dependent on canal system of irrigation and
tubewells with problematic water
2. A.E.S.-II Consisting of sandy loam soils with normal pH, low in organic
(Meham, carbon, medium in available phosphorus, medium to high in 52%
Kalanaur and potash. The area is flood prone to variable duration. Cotton-
Lakhanmajra wheat, fallow-Raya, Arahar-wheat, Bajra-wheat, are
block) predominantly crop sequences and crop – Murrah buffalo is
the farming system, significant area has saline soil. Nearly
40% area is canal irrigated.

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Rohtak

Strategy 1 : 1. Management of soil health

Productivity • Testing of soil health and preparation of soil health cards (SHC)
Enhancement
• Selection of varieties, fertilizer dose on the basis of SHC
• Organic cultivation of local grains and millets by vermi- composting, green
manuring and biofertilizer.
2. Thrust on appropriate and recommended technology
• Investment in R&D
• Use of Quality seeds
• Use of balanced fertilizers ,IPM, IDM & IWM
• Adoption of agronomic practices on the basis of package and practices
• Use of salt tolerant varieties particularly in salt affected areas
• Use of less water requirement varieties particularly in areas where there is
scarcity of good quality of water for irrigation
3. Strengthening of traditional water storage and harvesting structure
• Creation of additional water storage and harvesting structure
• Promotion of water conservation techniques like mulching, sprinkler and drip etc.
4. Adoption of farm mechanization
• Use of power tiller, thresher ,seed cum fertilizer drill, lazer leveller etc.
• Promotion of serrated sickle for reduction of drudgery in farm women
5. Management of wild animal problem
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crops
• Promotion of protected cultivation
6. Adoption of cluster approach for
• Vegetable farming
• Horticulture crops
• Floriculture

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Strategy 2 : Promotion and adoption of different integrated farming system modules
Integrated suggested by agricultural universities.
Farming system
Strategy 3 : • Selection of high milk breeds in buffaloes specifically Murrah.
Livestock: • Establishment of Fodder Bank at block level to meet fodder requirement of
Poultry, fishery, area.
Piggery etc. • Establishment of milk chilling plant at block level.
• Promotion of multi mineral mixture at village level.
• Establishment of poultry and piggery farm at block level.
• Promotion of fish farming in water logged and Jhinja in saline areas.
Strategy 4 : • Timely harvesting and threshing of crops
Reducing post • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of
harvest losses surplus vegetables ,fruits etc.
and value
• Establishment of value addition and processing units for vegetables,
addition
medicinal plants (Aloe vera), honey and mushroom etc. at block level.
• Establishment of storage facilities for food grains and cold store facilities for
vegetables etc. at village level
Strategy 5 : • Development of sub surface drainage system
Reclamation of • Promotion of Eucalyptus plantation as bio drainage in water logged areas
water logged
• Promotion of fish farming in water logged and Jhinja in saline areas.
and problematic
soils
Strategy 7 : • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermi-compost and Bio fertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Promotion of line sowing and fertilizers application in crops.
• Promotion of recommended seed rate, spacing and depth.
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural inputs.
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations.
• Promotion of use of Zero till sowing machines, Power tillers, Power weeders,
Paddy threshers, hoe, Manual/ power operated Wheat/Paddy reapers
• Promotion of pressurized irrigation techniques in horticultural crops.
• Promotion of tillers and other tools for reduction of drudgery.
Strategy 8 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like dairy farming, fish farming, mushroom
farm income production, value addition of fruits and vegetables and vermi composting etc..
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.
• Promotion of cultivation and collection of medicinal plants.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth.
Strategy 9: • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidises and incentives to
Enabling Policies small and marginal farmers.
• Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Establishment of horticulture nursery to meet the present and future demand
of germplasm in horticultural crops.

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 • Implementation of effective and workable Nursery Act to avoid spurious or
unreliable planting material in the state.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card Scheme in each block.
Strategy 10 : • Creation of better transportation facilities with cool chain van at Block level.
Marketing and • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
value addition in • Establishment of strong linkages with various stake holders to furnish
specific agro- information on crop produce and surplus.
ecological
• Establishment of procurement and collection centre at block level for
region
agricultural surplus with proper labelling.
• Installation of mini grading machines at village level.
• Establishment of cold room in different clusters.
Strategy 11 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Development of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information of
and Evaluation surplus commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and making of Whatsapp etc. for effective
implementation of program.

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ZONE II : FARIDABAD

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income in distrcit Faridabad

Strategy 1 : Strengthening of Irrigation Facilities :
Productivity • Promotion of water conservation techniques like drip irrigation and
Enhancement mulching methods in Horticultural and Vegetables crops and sprinkler
irrigation method in field crops.
• Popularization of Resource conservation technologies in district to cut cost of
cultivation thus increasing farmers income.
Management of Blue Bull (Neel Gai) :
• All cereal, pulse and oilseed crops are being damaged by Blue Bull (Neel Gai) so there
is an urgent need to make a policy by the Govt. to control these blue bulls.
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crop from wild animals.
Strategy 2 : • Motivating the Livestock owners for Selection of high yielding milk breeds in
Dairy Farming buffaloes and cattle.
• Popularization of high yielding fodder crops which will increase milk
production and suitable for good health of milch animals.
• Popularization of balanced feeding to milch animals.
• Capacity building of livestock owners on Feed Management , Health
Management issues, Hygiene in order to adopt dairy as subsidiary
occupation / enterprises.
• Motivation of livestock owners for Formation of Self Help Groups for income
and employment generation.

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 • Popularization of Artificial Insemination in dairy animals in order to improve
the breed as well as to increase milk production.
Strategy 3 : • Paddy- Summer Moong- Wheat.
Integrated • Protected cultivation of vegetables and flowers crops.
Farming system • Seed production of cereal crops i.e wheat and paddy by the farmers.
• Establishment of new orchard in district i.e of guava, ber and anola.
• Popularization of floriculture in area for increasing farm income.
• Popularization of Agro-forestry system.
Strategy 4 : • Motivating farmers for establishment of small food processing units at
Reducing post village level for value addition of vegetable & fruits i.e Pickle making, Squash,
harvest losses Jam & Sauces making for income and employment generation.
and value • Promotion of cluster approach i.e. formation of commodity groups for
addition efficient procurement and disposal of surplus fruits and vegetables in areas.
• Capacity building of farmers regarding reducing post harvest losses and value
addition.
Strategy 5 : • Management of marginal lands through Agro - forestry plantation like
Waste land Shisham, Neem, Bakain, Safeda, Kikar
development • Forestry & Agro-forestry plantation in highly problematic soils.
and waste • Motivation of farmers for using good & improved planting material of
water different tree species.
• Soil reclamation by application of gypsum ,FYM & green manuring through
dhaincha, summer moong etc.
• Promotion of plantation of Eucalyptus in water logged area.
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season & water harvesting.
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermicompost and Bio-fertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural
inputs.
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations.
• Promotion of use of Power tillers, Power weeders, Paddy threshers, Wheat
threshers, Mandua/ Madira threshers, Maize Sheller, Wheel Hand hoe,
Manual/ power operated Wheat/Paddy reapers
• Promotion of mulching (bio or degradable plastic) to maintain moisture and
reduce intercultural operation cost.
• Promotion of pressurized irrigation techniques in horticultural crops.
• Promotion of tillers and other garden tools for reduction of drudgery.
Strategy 7 : • Promotion of Allied occupations like floriculture, poultry, fish farming and
Emphasis on mushroom production.
Allied fields of • Promotion of mushroom production for small and landless farmers.
Agriculture • Promotion of organic farming among the farmers in area for increasing farm
income.
Strategy 8 : • Create awareness about Soil and Water testing among the farmers in order to
Soil Health minimise cost on chemical fertilizer.
Management • Popularization of Green Manuring to improve soil fertility status.
• Popularization of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) for increasing crop
yield and improving soil fertility status.

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 • Reclamation of problematic soil in order to increase cultivated area in district.
• Popularization of fertilizer application on soil test basis.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidies and incentives to small
Enabling and marginal farmers.
Policies • Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Popularization of Kisan Credit Cards for widespread use of government
incentives/subsidies to farmers.
• Implementation of effective and workable Nursery Act to avoid spurious or
unreliable planting material in the state.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card Scheme in each block.
Strategy 9 : • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries at village / block
Marketing and level for better prices.
value addition • Establishment of strong linkages with various stack holders to furnish
in specific agro- information on crop produce and surplus.
ecological • Establishment of food processing unit at village / block level for better
region utilization of surplus produce i.e vegetables, fruits etc.
• Installation of grading and packing machines at village level.
• Motivation of farmers to use I T based tools to sell their produce in market in
order to get higher price.
Strategy 10 : • Motivating the farmers about the use of Mobile apps / software for online
Strengthening management and evaluation at village level.
of IT among • Motivating the farmers about e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have
farmers information of surplus commodities at village level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of Radio, TV talks of scientists and progressive farmers and
Whats App for effective dissemination of improved technology among the
farming community.

107
ZONE III : BHIWANI

General profile of the district

Total area = 465504 ha
Total Villages inclusive of CharkiDadri = 442
Cultivated Area = 395000 ha
Cropping Intensity = 175%
Land holding = 3.05 ha
Irrigated land = 242500 ha
Unirrigated land = 172710 ha
Rainfall = 297.1 mm
Sandy Soils = 260000 ha
Sandy Loam Soils = 205000 ha

108
Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Bhiwani

Strategy 1: • Promotion of high yielding varieties of crops for different agro-ecological

Productivity conditions.
Enhancement • Promotion of balanced use and timely application of fertilizer based on
soil health card.
• Integrated nutrient management approach (INM).
• Integrated pest management approach (IPM).
• Integrated insect-pest and disease management approach.
• Enhancement of seed replacement practice.
• Timely and proper weed management.
• Adoption of intercropping such as Castor + Mung bean and Castor+
Cluster bean in castor grown areas.
• Promotion of salt tolerant varieties in salt affected areas.
• Promotion of line sowing
Strategy 2 • Promotion of short duration and less water requiring crops/varieties.
Efficient use of • Use of Hydrogel in crops, vegetable and orchards.
irrigation water • To increase area under sprinkler, micro sprinkler and drip irrigation
techniques.
• Improvement in water management and distribution system for water
bodies to take advantage of the available source which is not tapped to
its fullest capacity (deriving benefits from low hanging fruits). At least
10% of the command area to be covered under micro/precision
irrigation.
• To enhance organic matter of soils by adding more FYM, compost and
resource conservation techniques.
• Proper scheduling of irrigation for optimum use of water.
• Creating and rejuvenating traditional water storage system.
Strategy 3: • Promotion of pulses cultivation like chick pea and green gram.
Crop Diversification • Promotion of vegetable crops – Carrot, Tomato, kharif onion along with
processing plant.
• Introduction of Castor + intercrops in orobanche affected areas, bajra +
green gram and raya + chick pea.
• Promotion of cultivation of short duration crops like Pearl millet,Mung
bean
• Cultivation and establishment of value addition and processing unit for
medicinal and horticulture plants such as Aloe vera,Aonla etc.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of organic farming.
Reduced cost of • Promotion of low cost inputs such as biofertilizer, gypsum, seed
Cultivation treatment technology, vermicomposting, green manuring, gypsum, seed
treatment technology, organic chemicals and minimal use of chemical
fertilizers.
• Supply of metrological advisory proper timelike sowing and other farm
operations to avoid repeated operation cost.
• Promotion of RCTs like zero tillage technology in rice-wheat and nonrice-
wheat system.

109
 • Judicious use of pesticides.
• Promotion of improved farm machinery and implements such as hand
wheel hoe, improved sickles, spraying equipment’s etc.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of seed production programme of pulses, vegetable crops
Seed Production and other field crops.
• Promotion of value addition at farmer level.
• Introduction of buy back policy.
• Skill development for seed production technology.
• Promotion of seed processing, storage and packing facilities at farmer
level.
Strategy 5: • Promotion of different integrated farming system modules such as:-
Integrated Farming o Crops production/ fodder crop + Poultry
System o Crops production/ fodder crop + dairy farming +Bio gas unit + vermi
composting + value addition of milk products.
o Crop production + orchards + vegetable crops + Mushroom +Bee
Keeping
o Crop production + Goatry +Bio gas unit +Vermi composting
o Fish farming (Brackish water available )area
Strategy 6: • Timely harvesting & threshing of crops.
Reducing post • Provide better storage facilities for food grains and cold storage for
harvest losses and perishable items like vegetable crops and fruits.
value addition • Creation of refrigerated transport facilities to avoid transport losses.
• Establishment of food processing units at village or block level.
• Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of
surplus vegetables.
Strategy 7: • Development of e-market/ e-mandiplateformat district level for
Marketing facility providing better price of produce to the farmers.
• Ensure remunerative price to the farmers for their product for their
financial improvement.
• Development of mobile apps for online management.
• Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better
price.
• Development of call center at district level to resolve the problems of
farmers.
• Establishment of strong linkages with various stakeholders to furnish
information on crop produce and surplus.
Strategy 8: • Implementation of PradhanMantriFasalBeemaYojna and Soil Health card
Enabling policies scheme in each block.
• Development of crop insurance scheme for more crops and including
other factor particularly drought, hailstorm etc.
• Organization of monthly review meetings at block level to solve the
problems related with the farmers.
• Promotion of use of Phone in programs at radio and TV for solving the
problems of farmers and effective transfer of technology at district level.
• Popularization of various government policies by organizing KisanMelas,
Agriculture Summit etc.

110
 • Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Creating effective and workable Nursery act to avoid spurious or
unreliable planting material in the district.
• Promotion of mandatory meterological/ observatory at block level to get
first hand information of climatic changes.
Strategy 9: • Promotion of skill development for farmers, farm women and rural
Landless farmers and youth in various activities such as.
farm women • Bee Keeping
• Mushroom production
• Seed production
• Vermicomposting
• Poultry farming
• Fish farming
• Cutting and tailoring
• Fruits and vegetables preservation
• Tie, Dye and Embellishment of Fabric
• Dairy farming
• Candle making
• Household decorative and utility items etc.

111
ZONE III : MAHENDERGARH

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Mahendergarh

Strategy 1: • Cultivation of ber, guava with intercrops.

Crop • Cultivation of vegetable crops – Carrot, Tomato, summer cucurbits.
Diversification • Introduction of Castor + intercrops in orobanche affected areas.
• Promotion of cultivation of short duration crops – Greengram.
• Promotion of Sesame cultivation.
• Cultivation of spice crops – Chilli, Onion, Garlic etc.
• Cultivation of Tint at commercial level.
• Cultivation of medicinal plants – Aloe vera.
Strategy 2: • Adoption of dairy farming enterprise.
Dairy Farming, • Rearing of improved buffalo and breeds.
Goatry and Bee • Improved feeding practices.
Keeping
• Timely disease management practice.
• Quality fodder production and availability.
• Value addition of milk and milk products.
• Skill development for marketing of milk and milk products.
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.

112
 • Biogas of bio gas plants and promoting organic farming.
• Raveling of improved breeds for meat and milk purpose.
• Establishment of garbing pastures.
• Marketing facilities.
• Adopting of bee keeping enterprise.
• Management of mites.
• Seasonal management / migratory bee keeping.
• Multiplication and sale of bee hives.
• Creating marketing facilities for honey and other biproducts.
Strategy 3: • Accelerate seed replacement practice.
Productivity • Selection of high yielding improved varieties of crops for specific agro-
Enhancement ecological conditions.
• Promotion of seed treatment technology for insect-pest and disease
management on different crops.
• Promotion of balanced use and scheduling of fertilizer based on soil health
report.
• Integrated nutrient management approach.
• Integrated insect-pest and disease management approach.
• Scheduling of irrigation properly.
Strategy 4: • Promotion of seed production program of vegetable crops and field crops
Seed Production for higher profit.
• Introduction of buy back policy.
• Skill development for seed production technology.
• Establishment of seed processing, storage and packing facilities.
Strategy 5: • Promotion of different integrated farming system modules such as:-
Integrated o Crops production/ fodder crop + dairy farming + vermin composting +
Farming System value addition of milk products.
o Crop production + orchards + vegetable crops + Bee Keeping
o Crop production + Goatry + Vermi composting
Strategy 6: • Promotion of zero tillage technology in non rice-wheat system.
Reduced cost of • Promotion of organic manures and biofertilizer.
Cultivation • Adopting of low cost inputs such as biofertilizer, gypsum, seed treatment
technology, gypsum, seed treatment technology, organic chemicals.
• Judicious use of pesticides.
• Adoption of improved farm machinery and implements such as hand
wheel hoe, improved sickles spraying equipments.
• Follow of metrological advisory for sowing and other farm operations to
avoid repeated operation cost.
• Use of liquid fertilizers.

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Strategy 7: • Creation of storage facilities for food grain.
Reducing post • Creation of cold storage facilities for perishable vegetable crops and fruits.
harvest losses and • Creation of refrigerated transport facilities to avoid transport losses.
value addition
• Establishment of food processing units.
Strategy 8: • Development of e-market/ e-mandi at district level for better price of produce.
Marketing • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better price.
• Development of mobile apps for online management.
• Development of call center at district level to resolve the problems of
farmers.
• Formation of Whatsapp group of farmers with common interest.
• All the produce should be purchased from the farmer at MSP at block level.
Strategy 9: • Extending MSP for more number of crops including all the millets, spice
Enabling policies crops and other crops. A separate provision of fund and identification of
agency to procure and disposal of surplus produce to stakeholders.
• Implementation of Pradhan Mantri Fasal Beema Yojna and Soil Health card
scheme in each block.
• Development of crop insurance scheme for more crops and including
other factor particularly drought, hailstorm etc.
• Organization of monthly review meetings at block level to solve the
problems related with the farmers.
• Promotion of use of Phone in programs at radio and TV for solving the
problems of farmers and effective transfer of technology at district level.
• Popularization of various government policies by organizing Kisan Melas,
Agriculture Summit etc.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Creating effective and workable Nursery act to avoid spurious or unreliable
planting material in the district.
• Promotion of mandatory meterological/ observatory at block level to get
first hand information of climatic changes.
Strategy 10: Promotion of skill development for farmers, farm women and rural youth in
Landless farmers various activities such as:
and farm women • Bee Keeping
• Cutting and tailoring
• Fruits and vegetables preservation
• Tie, Die and Embellishment of Fabric
• Milk products
• Candle making
• Household decorative items etc.
• Formation of Self help groups.

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ZONE III : REWARI

Agriculture Scenario of district Rewari

The predominate farming system in Rewari district is Agriculture integrated with animal
husbandry. The major cropping systems under existing farming system are bajra- wheat, bajra-mustard,
guar- wheat, cotton- wheat. Buffalo is the main component under animal husbandry. Mustard and
wheat are main crops in rabi, and bajra in kharif. The district represents extreme arid to semi-arid
climate, characterized by hot dry and windy summers, cold winters and humid- warm monsoon months.
The district forms a part of indo gangetic plains. The district has around 90 % soils under loamy sand
texture. Almost all soil is low in organic carbon and phosphorus.

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in District Rewari

Strategy 1 : • Necessary step may be taken to recharge the ground water by increasing the
Productivity fresh water supply through canal system and rain water harvesting so that
Enhancement receding trend of ground water can be arrested.
• Saline ground water should be used in conjunction with canal water.
• Scientific management of ground water using sprinkler and drip system of
irrigation.
• Adopting all strategies leading to ‘ More crop per drop’
• Promotion of ber, guava, beal, anola and organic vegetable because of
proximity to the huge market of NCR.

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 • Promotion of marigold cultivation in Daruhera, Bawal and Rewari Tehsil.
• Promotion of kharif onion in all block of District.
• Bring more cultivable area under fruits, vegetables and flowers
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crop from wild animals.
• Promotion of protected cultivation in all blocks.
• Providing subsidy for fencing the field.
• Popularizes Karonda as bio fencing.
• Promotion of serrated sickle for reduction of drudgery in farm women.
• Popularization of manually operated mini crop harvesters for millets.
• Popularization of ripper for wheat harvesting
• Promotion of hand hoe for weed management in kharif crops
• Organic cultivation of local grain and millets in different blocks.
• Promotion of soil amendments in reclamation of sodic soil
• Promotion of green manure crop such as dhaincha
• Residue retention for adding organic matter in soil.
Strategy 2 : • Promotion of mineral mixture supplementation
Livestock: • Value addition and processing of dairy product
Poultry, • Selection of high milk breeds in buffaloes and cattle.
• Establishment of Fodder Bank in Rewari to meet fodder requirement of area.
• Establishment of milk chilling plant at block level.
• Promotion of Urea, Molasses, Multinutrient Blocks at panchayt level.
• Establishment of hatcheries for need of broilor or croilor at block level.
• Improvement of health facilities at Gram panchayat level.
• Establishment of AI centre of Murrah breed.
• Introduction of good quality green fodder crops such as berseem, Lucerne,
chicory, bajra and sorghum.
• Establishment of biogas plants.
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of different Integrated Farming System modules such as :
Integrated • Beekeeping + orchard+ floriculture (marigold)+mustard+ protected
Farming system cultivation+ vegetable growing.
• Fodder production+ dairy +Composting+ Protected cultivation
• Seed production (Onion, Pea, mustard)+ Planting material supply+Mushroom
cultivation.
• Popularized agro forestry based cropping system, Khejri, Mahaneem, moringa
and establishment of match, paper industry.
• Popularized beekeeping as alternate entrepreneur to farmers.
• Providing loan, subsidy, insurance and colony of honeybee for beekeeper.
• Establishment of processing unit of bee products.
Strategy 4 : • Establishment of mini fruit grading plant for ber, aonla, guava and beal at
Reducing post district level
harvest losses • Establishment of Food and Processing Units at Rewari for pickle making using
and value Aonla, Carrot.
addition • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of

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 surplus vegetables in areas.
• Development of marketing system.
• Proximity to NCR offers excellent marketing opportunities to the national and
international markets for organic fruit and vegetable.
• Break the monopoly of traders and multiple level of intermediation.
• Ensure availability of quality planting materials and quality seeds in time.
Strategy 5 : • Promotion of less water requiring crops including Ber, aonla Khejri,
Waste land Meetaneem, Morinja, Aonla, Barley Beal, Ker etc.,
development • Safe use of brackish water.
and waste • Conservation agriculture including improvement of water productivity and
water surface residue maintained.
• Popularize drip irrigation in cotton and vegetable crops
• Construction of tank for storage of water for lean season.
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season.
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermicompost and Bio fertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural inputs.
• Promotion of use of Power tillers, Power weeders, Wheat threshers, Wheel
Hand hoe, Manual/ power operated Wheat reapers
• Promotion of mulching (bio or degradable plastic) to maintain moisture and
reduce intercultural operation cost.
• Promotion of micro irrigation techniques in horticultural crops.
• Promotion of IPM and INM for crop production
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like poultry, beekeeping piggeries and
farm income mushroom production.
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth.
• Promotion of dairy as business.
• Promotion of vercomposting.
• Establishment of more expeller for oil extraction and ensure price for oil
producer.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidises and incentives to
Enabling small and marginal farmers.
Policies • Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Implementation of effective and workable Nursery Act to avoid spurious or
unreliable planting material in the state.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card Scheme in each block.
• Besides MSP, assured procurement of mustard, bajra and wheat.
• Crop insurance scheme be made realistic, includes vegetable crops and other
criteria of calamities.
• Premium subsidy for oilseeds, beekeeping, organic vegetable and animals etc.

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Strategy 9 : • Developing rural market, modernizing existing market yards, setting up of
Marketing and private markets, commodity specific requirments
value addition • Creation of better transportation facilities with cool chain van at Block level.
in specific agro- • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
ecological • Establishment of strong linkages with various stack holders to furnish
region information on crop produce and surplus.
• Establishment of procurement and collection centre at panchyat level for
agricultural surplus with proper labelling.
• Installation of mini grading machines at village level.
• Establishment of cold room in different clusters.
Strategy 10 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Development of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information of
and Evaluation surplus commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of Whatsapp etc. for effective
implementation of program.

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ZONE III : JHAJJAR

General profile
The Jhajjar district came into existence on July 15 , 1997. It was carved out of Rohtak district. It
came under Hot and semi Arid South Eastern Agro climatic Zone. The district lies between 28 0 19 and
290 18 North latitude and 760 13 and 770 13 East longitude. It is surrounded by Rohtak district on the
North, Rewari and Gurgaon districts in the South, the National Capital Delhi in the East and Bhiwani
district in the West.
Rainfall
The district receives annual rainfall ranging between 350 mm and 570 mm. Average rainfall
during the year was 537 mm, out of which 85% was received in July & August.
Availability of irrigation water
Both canal and tubewell irrigation facilities are available in the district. Availability of the canal water is
very scanty and available for a very short period of cropping. As far as underground water resources are
concerned, 66 per cent of the total water of the district is either saline or sodic, thus making the use of
underground water for crop production unfit. The soil health of the district is of not good conditions.
As per the soil health indices more than 2/3 of the soil is saline or alkali. The soils are medium to low in
organic carbon. Most of the soils are deficient in N, P, Zn, Ca and P.

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Existing Farming Systems :
In Jhajjar district the predominating existing farming system is Agriculture + Animal Husbandry
followed by Agriculture + Animal Husbandry + Horticulture. The major cropping system under the
existing farming systems is primarily Bajra -wheat cropping with buffalo, Fallow - raya cropping with
buffalo. The district has significant areas under other cropping systems of rice- wheat, arhar (kharif
pulse) - wheat, jowar-wheat, vegetable-vegetable, vegetable-wheat, fallow-wheat.
The specific goal need to be targeted with following objectives :
1. Maximizing the income of farmers by adding high value crops using micro-irrigation.
2. Generating employment opportunities through subsidiary occupation.
3. Improving water productivity and fertilizer use efficiency through conservation.
4. Incorporating integrated pest management including weed management strategies.
5. Decreasing the cost of cultivation for batter profit margins.
Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in district Jhajjar
Strategy 1 : Adoption of cluster approach for holistic development
Productivity • Judicious use of problematic water – Micro irrigation & water harvesting.
Enhancement • Crop diversification through horticulture
• Popularizing RCT through seed grading, laser leveling, zero tillage, bed
planting summer moong cultivation and water harvesting.
• Promotion of small & large dairies.
• Enhancement of allied enterprises in agriculture like bee keeping,
mushroom, dairy, poultry, piggery, fishery etc.
• Women empowerment by way of knowledge upgradation and self
employment in various vocations like fabric enrichment (Tie & Dye),
preservation and processing, community nutrition & hygiene etc.
• Integrated Nutrient Management
• Crop diversification through pulses.
• Integrated pest & disease management.
• Seed treatment & promotion of bio insecticides and fungicides.
• Promotion of Integrated Farming System.
• Marketing as a business for the rural unemployed youths.
• Nutrition gardening for nutritional security.
• Dietary interventions for combating nutritional deficiency diseases.
Strategy 2 : • Predominant rearing of world fame murrah buffalo.
Livestock: • Traditional expertise in cattle rearing with almost every farm house holds
Goatry, Poultry, possessing milch animals in varying numbers.
Fisheries • Presence of viable milk marketing in Delhi NCT network through co-operative
societies, private agencies and individual milk traders.
• Ample marketing avenues of animal based products and by products in and
around the district major being the National capital of Delhi.
• Well established network of Government veterinary, health and A.I. facility
with wide coverage.

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 • Government backed disease management and breed up-gradation services.
• Sheep, goat and pig rearing a popular enterprise among landless and poor
sections of society.
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of different Integrated Farming System modules such as :
Integrated • Crops + Horticulture + Vegetable + Fodder production + Mini dairy +
Farming system Vermiomposting+Protected cultivation+Seed production+Mushroom +
Beekeeping
Strategy 4 : • Establishment of Food and Processing Units.
Reducing post • Promotion of cluster approach for efficient procurement and disposal of
harvest losses surplus fruits and vegetables in areas.
and value • Use of crop harvesting machines ensures early completion of harvesting and
addition threshing works which escapes the untimely rainfall and storms hazards
particularly in wheat, seed grader, laser leveler, bed planter, straw reaper and
zero tillage machine needs large scale adoption.
• Tertiary and value addition of local cereals, pulses & millets by establishment
of small processing units.
Strategy 5 : • Promotion of plantation of Eucalyptus, wild fruit plants and fodder trees.
Waste land • Popularization of soil bunds to save excessive loss of nutrients in wasteland.
development • Popularization of trenches or silages for percolation of water to avoid surface
and waste run off.
water • Construction of check dam and artificial structure to maximize water
percolation rate in marginal and denudated areas.
• Construction of tank for storage of water for lean season.
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season.
• Reclamation of salt effected soils.
Strategy 6 : • Promotion of well decomposed FYM, Vermicompost and Biofertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Promotion of line sowing and fertilizers application in crops.
• Promotion of recommended seed rate, spacing and depth.
• Promotion of need based application of pesticides and other agricultural inputs.
• Promotion of hand tools in agricultural and horticultural operations.
• Promotion of RCTs viz. Zero tillage, laser land levelling, DSR, greem manuring,
Bed planting, straw baller & reapers etc.
• Promotion of mulching (bio or degradable plastic) to maintain moisture and
reduce intercultural operation cost.
• Promotion of pressurized irrigation techniques in horticultural crops.
• Promotion of tillers and other garden tools for reduction of drudgery.
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary occupations like beekeeping, poultry, fish farming
farm income and mushroom production & nutritious recopies.
• Promotion of apiculture for small and landless farmers.
• Promotion of cultivation and collection of medicinal plants.
• Promotion of skill development in women and youth.
Strategy 8 : • Increasing institutional support by providing subsidy and incentives to small
Enabling and marginal farmers.

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Policies • Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Ensure sustainable agriculture through more efficient utilization of land,
water and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card & PMFBY Scheme in each block.
Strategy 9 : • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
Marketing and • Establishment of strong linkages with various stack holders to furnish
value addition information on crop produce and surplus.
in specific agro- • Promotion of procurement and collection centre for agricultural surplus with
ecological proper labelling.
region • Educating farmers in deciding what, when, and how much to produce and
when and where to sell
Strategy 10 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Development of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information of
and Evaluation surplus commodities at block level.
• Organization of monthly review meeting at district to solve the problems
related with farmers.
• Promotion of use of radio, TV talks and use of Whatsapp etc. for effective
implementation of program.

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ZONE III : NUH (formerly MEWAT)

Action Plan for Doubling Farmers’ Income by 2022 in Mewat District

Strategy 1 : Creation of Check Dams for water storage along the foot hills
Productivity • Digging and bunding of check dams along foot hills for water storage and
Enhancement subsequent utilization for irrigation purpose in Nuh, Tauru and Nagina blocks
particularly horticultural crops.
Water economy, higher water use efficiency and higher productivity through
Micro-irrigation
• Promotion of water conservation technologies like mulching, sprinkler and
drip irrigation in field and horticultural crops.
Introduction of new crops
• Cultivation of ginger, turmeric and cassava in shady areas and orchards &
agro-forestry plantation. Promotion of protected cultivation in all blocks.
• Introduction of rose & chrysanthemum cultivation in Taoru block
• Introduction of bael, lasora, teent/Ker (Capparis deciduas) and Phalsa crops
on marginal, low fertility and waste lands particularly in sandy areas having
low rainfall.
Soil health improvement practices
• Creating awareness programmes on use of bio-fertilizers, green manuring
and organic manures.
Timely supply of seed and other inputs
• Ensuring sufficient and assured supply of HYV seed of all crops, and inputs at
block level.

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 Dealing with problem of stray/wild animals
• Enacting legislative measures for protection of crops from wild animals
particularly blu bulls.
• Cultivation of lemon grass to ward off wildlife in cultivated field.
Adoption of Farm mechanisation (Power tiller, thresher etc)
• Promotion of drudgery reducing devices for farm women.
• Popularization of manually operated mini crop harvesters for millets.
Promotion of organic farming
• Fruits & vegetables
Strategy 2 : • Adoption of dairy farming enterprise.
Livestock: • Rearing of improved buffalo and breeds.
Goatry, Poultry, • Improved feeding practices.
Fisheries • Timely disease management practice.
• Quality fodder production and availability.
• Value addition of milk and milk products.
• Skill development for marketing of milk and milk products.
• Establishment of milk chilling plant.
• Biogas of bio gas plants and promoting organic farming.
• Raveling of improved breeds for meat and milk purpose.
• Establishment of garbing pastures.
• Marketing facilities.
• Adopting of bee keeping enterprise.
• Management of mites.
• Seasonal management / migratory bee keeping.
• Multiplication and sale of bee hives.
• Creating marketing facilities for honey and other biproducts.
Strategy 3 : • Promotion of different Integrated Farming System modules such as :
Integrated o Protected cultivation+ Composting
Farming system o Fodder production+ Composting+ Protected cultivation
o Seed production (wheat, guar), establishment of fruit & agro-forestry
plant nursery+Mushroom spawn & mushroom production units
o Hi-Tech vegetable nursery production
Strategy 4 : • Establishment of mini fruit & vegetable grading & packaging units in Tauru,
Reducing post Ferozpur & Nuh blocks.
harvest losses • Establishment of tomato processing Units in Ferozpur block
and value • Promotion of efficient procurement and disposal of surplus vegetables
addition through FPO in Ferozpur & Taoru blocks.
• Strengthen custom hiring of agri-implements & farm machinery such as LLL,
ZT and bed planting.
Strategy 5 : • Afforestation of waste land through bael plantation
Waste land • Popularization of trenches or silages for percolation of water to avoid surface
development run off.
and waste • Construction of check dam and artificial structure to maximize water

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water percolation rate in marginal and denudated areas.
• Construction of tank for storage of water for lean season.
• Storage of rain water in monsoon season.
• In-situ water harvesting in orchards
Strategy 6 : • Use of organic manures, vermicompost, city compost and bio-fertilizers to
Reduced minimize the use of chemical fertilizers.
cultivation cost • Fertigation in horticultural crops to minimize use of chemical fertilizer and
increasing fertilizer use efficiency.
• Zero budget farming.
• Judicious use of pesticides & adoption of IPM.
• Promotion of cultural, mechanical & bio-control methods of plant protection
• Use of organic mulches instead of polythene mulch in horticultural crops
• Promotion of modern techniques for resource conservation like zero tillage,
FIRBS etc.
Strategy 7 : Off- • Promotion of subsidiary income generating activities through skill
farm income development of women & rural youth:
o bee keeping
o Poultry farming
o Pig farming
o Dairy farming
o Fish farming
o Mushroom production
o Cutting & tailoring
o Soft toy making
o Fruit & vegetable processing & pickling
o Nursery production
o Agro-processing
o Candle making
o Garment construction
Strategy 8 : • Substantial enhancement of support prices of existing crop commodities
Enabling keeping in view the prevailing retail market prices and their revision from
Policies time to time.
• Legislation for provision of support prices for horticultural crop commodities
keeping in view the prevailing retail market prices and their revision from
time to time.
• Legislation for provision of crop insurance for all horticultural crops and
subsidiary enterprises like bee-keeping.
• Increasing institutional support by providing subsidises and incentives to
small and marginal farmers.
• Labelling of organic inputs and certification mechanism for various crops.
• Popularization of Udyan and Krishak Cards for widespread use of
government incentives/subsidies to farmers.
• Establishment of germplasm repository
• Implementation of effective and workable Nursery Act to avoid spurious or

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 unreliable planting material in the state.
• Enact sustainable agriculture guidelines for efficient utilization of land, water
and other resources.
• Implementation of Soil Health Card Scheme in each block.
• Enactment of legislation for preventing any kind of crop residue burning and
planting of summer paddy.
Strategy 9 : • Creation of refrigerated transportation facilities and cool chain system for
Marketing and horticultural crops at block level.
value addition • Creation of direct linkages with food processing industries for better prices.
in specific agro- • Establishment of procurement and collection centre at block level for all crops.
ecological • Strengthening of existing e-marketing/procurement system as well as linkage
region of growers with it.
Strategy 10 : • Development of Mobile apps/ software for online management and
Online evaluation at district level.
Management • Establishment of e-Marketing and kiosk at district level to have information
and Evaluation of surplus commodities at block level.
• Holding of monthly review meeting at district to discuss various farming
issues and resolve problems of the farmers.
• Establishment of community radio’s in each block and a separate TV channel
for CCS Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar.

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6.1.b Potential contribution to farmers income and strategy for scaling out these technology
The infrastructural, technological and policy support helped in bringing a sea change in
agricultural productivity in the State. CCS Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU) and ICAR Institutes
in the State have been the main contributor on technological front for helping farmers and other stake
holders. In a very short period, the farmers developed their faith in technologies and crop
varieties/hybrids developed by the University and adopted them.
High Yielding Varieties : CCSHAU has made outstanding contribution in crop improvement.
Since inception, a total of 230 high yielding, disease resistant varieties/hybrids of various crops have
been developed by the University and many are still serving not only the farmers of Haryana but also the
neighboring states. These include 71 varieties of five cereals (Wheat, rice, pearl millet, maize and
barley), 27 of nine oilseed crops (Rapeseed & Mustard group, groundnut, til, castor and sunflower), 33
of six pulses (chickpea, field pea, lentil, green gram, pigeon pea and urd bean), 31 of eight forage crops
(sorghum, berseem, cowpea, cluster bean, lucerne, oats, senji and methi), 29 of two cash crops (cotton
and sugarcane), 27 of 12 vegetable crops (brinjal, garlic, onion, okra, fenugreek, coriander, Indian melon,
Indian bean, tomato, carrot, long melon, radish, peas) and four of two horticultural crops (marigold and
guava).
Some of the landmark varieties developed by the University and became popular in the State as
well as National level are: C 306, WH 147, WH 711, WH 1105, and WH-912 (durum) of wheat; BH 393 of
barley; RH 30 and RH 8812 (Laxmi) of Indian mustard; C 235 and HC5 of chickpea; MH 421 of mung-
bean; HK 2 of kabuli chickpea; HFP4/Aparna of field pea; HHB-67 and HHB-67 improved, HHB 197, and
HHB 223 of bajra/pearl millet; HM 4 of baby corn, HM 8, HM 9, HM 10, HM 11 (single cross hybrids), HM
13 and HQPM4, HQPM5 and HQPM7 (quality protein) maize hybrids; HG 365 and HG 563 of guar/cluster
bean; H 777, H 1098 and H 1226 of American cotton; AAH 1 first hybrid of desi cotton; Taraori Basmati
and HKR 47 of paddy; SSG 59-3 of sorghum; CoH 119, and CoH 128 of sugarcane, DH 1 of dhaincha and
HM 1 of mulahti. The University also provided cost-effective and efficient technologies in crop
production and protection. Besides, University has contributed significantly in the areas of production of
bio-fertilizers & bio-agents, food & nutrition, PHT, soil & water management, dryland agriculture,
agricultural engineering, animal husbandry and bio-technology. The sustained efforts have been put to
promote resource efficient technologies like Conservation Agriculture (CA), Good Agricultural Practices
(GAP), Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), water management
etc.
The University has taken lead in management of intellectual property and technology
commercialization. Policy and Regulations for Intellectual Property Management are in place. Several
technologies including hybrids of maize, bajra and rice, varieties of wheat & dhaincha, bio-fertilizers etc
have been commercialized. Public-Public and Public-Private partnerships have been encouraged to
strengthen human resource development, research and technology transfer programmes. These steps
may help in creating competition among the scientists for innovations and accelerating the transfer of
technology. The ICAR institutes and other agencies located in the State also help the farmers by
providing technology for soil & water management, crop production and animal husbandry.
The high yielding varieties of different field crops, vegetables, fruit crops, medicinal & aromatic
plants at state (126) and national (104) level. In addition, elite genetic strains have been developed and
registered with NBPGR. The details are given in Table 20.

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Table 20: Genetic strains developed and registered at State and national level
Sr No. Crop Varieties released
National level State level Total
1. Wheat 14 06 20
2. Rice 01 08 09
3. Bajra 11 08 19
4. Barley 03 05 08
5. Maize 11 04 15
6. Pulses 14 19 33
7. Oilseeds 11 16 27
8. Cotton 03 19 22
9. Forages 15 16 31
10. Sugarcane 01 06 07
11. Medicinal & aromatic 05 03 08
plants
12. Vegetables 15 12 27
13. Horticulture - 04 04
Total 104 126 230
Registered elite genetic strains 63
Genetic strains allotted national identity number 146
6.2 Quality Seed Production :
Production of quality seed of different crops is a routine feature of the University. Nucleus seed
of different varieties developed by University is produced for their maintenance and further production
of quality seed by different agencies. During 2016-17, 2,195 q breeder seed of different crops was
produced for public and private seed sectors as per DAC (GOI) indents. In addition 7,022 q foundation,
9,938 q certified and 3,149 q TFL seed of different fieldcrops, 10,000 q planting material of vegetable
and horticultural crops, along with 868 q breeder seed of sugarcane. The details are given in Table 21.
Table 21: Quality Seed Production during 2016-17
Category of seed Quantity of seed (q)
Breeder seed 2,195
Foundation seed 7,022
Certified seed 9,938
TFL seed 3,149
Planting materials (Vegetables/ horticultural crops) 10,000
Sugarcane breeder seed 868

6.3 Bio-fertilizer/ bio-control agents production:

Bio-fertlizers (Rhizoteeka, Azoteeka, Phosphteeka) are also produced by the University for
farmers and other stakeholders. During 2016-17, 105,814 bio-fertilizer vials (50 ml each) comprising of
Azoteeka (43,175), Phosphoteeka (50,848), Rhizoteeka (10,002) and Bioteeka (1789) were produced and
supplied to farmers and farm agencies. In addition,Tricho cards (518) were produced for use against

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sugarcane stalk borer (Chiloauricilius) and top borer (Scirpophagaexcerptalis) management in sugarcane.
Additionally, 418 egg masses and 4,766 cocoons of nymphal and adult parasitoid, Epiricaniamelanoleuca
were supplied to cane growers for pyrilla management (Table 22).
Table 22 : Bio-fertilizer/ bio-control agents production
Bio-fertilizer No. of vials of 50 ml each
Rhizoteeka 43,175
Azoteeka 10,002
Phosphoteeka 50,848
Bioteeka 1,789
Total 105,814
Bio-control agent No. of cards
Tricho-cards 782
Egg masses of Epiricaniamelanoleuca 418
Cocoons of Epiricaniamelanoleuca 4,766
6.4 Other technologies :
CCS Haryana Agricultural University and ICAR institutes have played a major role in ushering in
the silent revolution in food production in the State of Haryana in particular and India in general. Due to
adoption of high yielding varieties and technologies developed by the wheat production in the state has
increased six times, rice eight times, cotton three times and oilseeds five times. Some of the
technologies developed by University are enumerated below.

Crop Production technologies

 Resource conservation technologies
• Direct seeding of rice
• Laser land leveling
• Zero-tillage wheat
• Mechanical transplanting of rice
 Spatial Mapping of Haryana
• Nematode status mapping
• Phosphorus status mapping
 Soil Health Management
• Green Manuring
• Vermi-composting
• Liquid Bio-fertilizers
• Rice Straw Compost
• Eucalyptus-Sesbania in Saline soil
• Response of potassium in pearl millet
 Diversification
• Sugarcane + Garlic intercropping
• Wheat-Forestry Plantation
• Plantation of Acacia and Tamarix in saline soil
• Medicinal crops

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 Weather Forecasting & Crop Advisory Services
• Agro climatic Atlas of Haryana
• Dynamic website http://hau.ernet.in/agromet.htm embedded in university server
• Weather based Agro Advisory Bulletins issued on mobile phone to farmers and other stake
holders of the State throughout the year
• Cotton and Paddy Crop advisory services
• Remote sensing and GIS laboratory established
 Integrated Farming System Model (One ha)
Components: Field crops, Dairy, Mushroom cultivation, Recycling of farm wastesVegetables,
Fruits and flower plants
Net annual income: Rs. 236,051 /ha (During 2016-17)
 Mechanization in Agriculture
• Happy Seeder
• Multi-Crop Planter
• Raised Bed Planter
• Modified Thresher
• Paddy transplanter
• Carrot digger
• Sugarcane shredder
• Sub-soiler
Plant Protection technologies
• Bio-control of Pyrilla in sugarcane
• Integrated Pest Management modules for different crops
• Pasteuriapenetransfor control of root nematode
• Herbicide resistance monitoring & management
• Isoproturon resistance in Phalaris minor
Precision Farming
• Trellis System of Cultivation
• Gerbera Cultivation
• Low Tunnel Cultivation
• Cucumber Cultivation
Biotechnological Research
• Cost-effective micro-propagation of fruit, ornamental, forest and medicinal plants
• Cost effective medium for plant regeneration
• Transformation protocols for rice, chickpea, pigeonpea, tomato, cauliflower and Indian
mustard
• Development of interspecific Indian mustard hybrids resistant to Alternaria blight through
embryo rescue.
• DNA profiling of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, fruit and forestry plants
• Low-cost bio-degradable plastic
Protective and Functional Clothing
• Cotton Picking Bag
• Jacket with hood
• Apron

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Energy Conservation
• MDV Mud Stove
• Solar energy
• Solar Hara
Value Addition
• Baked products
• Ready-to-serve drink
• Traditional products
New Initiatives :
• Established Centre of Excellence on Organic farming
• Quality planting material maintained and available at Single Window System
• Establishment of Organic Food Analysis Lab
• Upgradation of agro-chemical residue testing lab
• Centre of Excellence on processing & value addition of pearlmillet
• Bumble bee conservation in Shivalik foothills of Haryana
• Family counselling centre
• App based Weather forecasting & crop advisory
• Formation of Post-harvest group
• Establishment of Centre of Excellence of students for higher education
• University trade mark launched
• Setting up of six new Community radio stations in process
• Anti-plagiarism software for checking piracy in PG Research installed
• e-manuals
• e-payment gateway for students
• e-payment for farmers
• Website upgradation
To empower farmers to enhanced the farm productivity and management, the different
technologies that have been evolved from time to time or are being evolved both in public and private
sector can be of vital significance for double farmers income are given below :
• High yielding seed technologies
• Mechanization technologies and Resource conserving technologies
• Micro-irrigation techniques for enhanced water use efficiency (WUE)
• Climate resilient technologies
• Rainfed and dryland agriculture technologies
• Biometrics technology to reduce leakages
• Value chain technologies : ICT, IOT, Internet, mobile technology
• Fusion of technologies: Biotechnology, Nano technology, Environmental Technology, Space
technology and GIS technology, Information Technology, Web technologies, etc.
• Agro-forestry techniques and watershed methods for rainfed areas and SMART farming
technology, etc.

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7. VALUE CHAIN DEVELOPMENT, MARKET LINKAGES AND TRADE POTENTIAL
The technological interventions will increase the profitability, but as has been experienced in the
past that producers become the victims of increased supply and loose significantly and, thus, suitable,
procurement, logistics and marketing interventions will help optimise the revenues to farmers. The time
has come when things are to be dealt in totality not in isolation. Neither the productivity centric nor the
marketing and price centric approach are going to work in isolation. Every commodity has to be dealt in
a holistic value chain approach when suitable interventions are required at all the critical stages.
7.1 Creating Market Linkages for better price realization and risk reduction :
Marketing is the key to success in farming. It is the market where the output price decision takes
place and the fate of farmer is decided. Lack of proper market infrastructure, market practices, pricing,
market information and regulations like Agricultural Produce Market Act (APMC Act) are the factors
responsible for poor returns and economic harassment/distress to the farmers especially in the case of
perishable commodities like fruits and vegetables. Thus, creating the market linkages which make the
marketing system more strong and efficient to serve the interests of the farmers and consumers. Thus,
there is a utmost and urgent need for market reforms in the marketing system such as:
• Terminal markets with all modern facilities linked with international market.
• Direct sale by farmers to the consumers through Apni Mandi/Kisan Bazars.
• Specialized markets for the perishable commodities like fruits & vegetables, flowers, milk & milk
products, fishery and poultry products.
• Quality control and pledged storage and warehousing facilities.
• Establishment of multi-commodity agro-processing centres/complexes near the production
places in cluster of villages.
• Suitable policies to promote the sale of processed products.
• Specialized modern markets/mandies has to be established with cold chains, primary processing
and packaging with IT driven market intelligence and linking farmers directly with them.
• Farmer Producers Organizations (FPOs) needs to be encouraged by exempting from licences for
selling their products. At present Haryana have 71 FPOs so far.
• The MSP should be at least 150 per cent of the cost of production estimated on Bureau of
Industrial Costs and Prices (BICP) to ensure the remunerative prices to the farmers.
• Establishment of food quality testing and trainings in food quality and grading to be imparted to
the farmers.
• Liberalize the contract farming in favour of farmers/processors on equal basis i.e. there should be
no scope for malpractices, exploitation by either party.
• Direct purchases by processor/intermediaries/exporters/bulk buyers from the producers/farmers.
• Allow the setting up of private/cooperative markets.
• Linking market with implementation of E-trading, E-NAM portal in all the states and major crops.
Haryana has implemented E-NAM Portal in 37 mandis and 17 more will be covered by March 2018.
• Delink the provisions of compulsory requirement of shop/ space for registration of
traders/market functionaries.
• Adopt single levy/market fee, special treatment to be given to fruits and vegetables.
• Establishment of timber markets for wood and wood products.
• Enact new land lease law like the “Model Land Lease Law” as proposed by Niti Aayog.

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• The MSP for rice and wheat have important role to play in the farm economy of Haryana.
However, the farmers often complain that the MSP is not sufficient to cover their cost of
production. Also, heavy dependence on these two crops limits their income opportunities from
emerging from changing dietary patterns within and outside country. Various types of risks are
faced by the rural farm households which lead to instability in their incomes.
7.1.2 Creation of niche areas
Niche areas for different crops may be identified so that targeted and concerted efforts may be
undertaken which may result in better infrastructure (input supply, technical support, marketing
facilities, post-harvest and storage, etc.). This may result in better economic returns to the farmers.
7.2 Interventions for better prices and reducing losses due to risks:
• Improving market connect of farmers through linking farmers to e-NAM.
• Segregated procurement for wheat based on the quality of produce (premium/good/fair quality
produce).
• Providing staggered support price, that is, price that takes care of storage time.
• Product diversification : The efforts need to be greatly enhanced; involving diversification of
some area of rice to hybrid maize, soybean, maize+soybean, soybean+ pigeonpea, vegetables,
agro-horticulture and agro-forestry. Keeping in view the export potential of guar, use of barley
in malt industry, globally increasing demand of oats for health food and farmers' inclination
towards groundnut cultivation in some areas, there is need to strengthen research on these
crops to meet the requirements of farmers. Besides these, horticulture, animal husbandry and
non-farm activities are the key sectors for diversification. Moving from rural confines,
horticulture has become a profitable commercial enterprise in the State. During the last two
decades it has attracted private sector investment in production system management.
Investments made in horticulture have been rewarding in terms of increased production and
productivity, employment opportunities and reversing the declining profitability. Already
horticulture sector contributes nearly 6 per cent of the total GDP of agriculture in the State and
there is considerable scope to improve this production owing to the well suited state’s agro-
climatic conditions for growing of a large number of horticulture crops, e.g. fruits, vegetables,
spices, flowers, medicinal and aromatic plants and mushroom, progressive farming community
and rich traditional knowledge and hard working women farmers, assured irrigation and also
proximity to NCR with access to a number of national and international markets. With around 30
per cent share in agricultural GDP of the State, Animal Husbandry assumes strategic importance
for achieving the doubling farmers’ income goal by 2022. Diversification towards livestock and
non-farm activities is ideal especially for the small holders who do not possess adequate land to
generate income for the family.
• Input diversification : Keeping in view emerging demand for organic/safe food and decreasing
soil health/availability of natural resources, the diversification in the use of inputs, and machines
and tools has become necessary. Uses of bio-fertilizers, bio-agents, fertigation techniques, IPM,
RCT, pressure irrigation, safe storage techniques, efficient machines, etc. are potential options.
This type of diversification will help in quality production at lower cost.
• Time diversification : It means delinking from seasonality and is required to prevent from price
crash due to bumper crop.
7.3 Marketing Policy
• There is a pressing need for reorientation of agricultural price policy as the existing price policy
has distorted cropping pattern. “Price Deficiency System” should be adopted to mitigate price

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 fluctuations. Under this system, a subsidy should be provided to other targeted produce in case
the price falls below a pre-specified assured threshold. This approach will help prevent
unwanted stocks and spread price incentives.
• Higher price for farmers should be assured through integrated supply chain. These supply chains
offer considerable scope for cutting the margins of middlemen.
• “Contract Farming” needs to be encouraged to reduce the role of middlemen and enhance the income of farmers.
• “Price Stabilization Fund” should be created for procurement and distribution of perishable
agricultural and horticultural commodities. Such an arrangement should be primarily for potato,
tomato, onion etc. to smoothen out the price fluctuations across seasons and places.
• At village level, shopping booths should be allotted to the farmers for selling their
produce/products to the community at appropriate places on highways.
• There should not be any GST on farm produce, packaging material of agro products.
• Through FPO’s create their own brand name e.g. LAVERA in Ambala district where there is no
dealer, distributor and middleman for milk and milk products.
• There is a need to establish and made available to farmers FARM GROCER type selling booths in the urban
centers/ sectors where the farmers can sell their products in a pure and natural way with ethical practices.
• With 70-80 branded and packed products of agriculture, fisheries, beekeeping, mushrooms, etc. and also
linking rural youth with them for employment generation like the “store franchises available” to them.
• For doubling the farmers’ income through innovative and creative thinking and changing the
mind set of small producers/farmers. It is needed to make the agriculture from production
oriented to farm business oriented and make Farmers Producer Organization (FPO’s) for all input
purchase and selling of their produce/output. Linking these FPO’s, SFC groups involving farmers
with seed production, government department like agriculture, dairy and animal husbandry,
fisheries, forestry, food processing, etc.
• Marketing and branding of agricultural and livestock (dairy) products : Comprehensive efforts
are required to create unique products including value added and processed products which
meet international standards. Branding of such products (with registered trademark and logo)
including organic products, bio-tech products, rice, baby corn, mushrooms, bio-fertilizers, honey,
vegetables, fruits, dairy products like A2 Milk, ghee, dahi, butter, etc. would attract stakeholders
from inside and outside the country. HSDC has popularized crop seeds under brand name
“HARYANA BEEJ”. Such efforts will help farmers as well as agro-industry and entrepreneurs in
competing in market and enhancing their income. This will have far reaching impact not only on
the production and productivity of agriculture but also on the farmer’s income.
• The meat market in Haryana is unorganized and rate of meat varies from place to place.
Therefore, at least two ultramodern slaughter houses be established in Mewat and Bhiwani (or
Mahendergarh) where small and marginal farmers rear sheep and goat.
• Integrated farming for very small land holding sizes : Integrated farms are more resilient to
market and climate shocks than the traditional rice-wheat system. Although, in some cases, rice-
wheat system may provide higher returns than the integrated system farmers such gains are
essentially market dependent. In contrast, integration of different enterprises ensures daily
incomes and nutrition for his family round the year making farmer self-reliant on his own
resources to meet the diverse livelihood needs.
• Insurance : Promotion of Animal Insurance Scheme (Pashu Bima Yojana) and crop insurance,
covering weather based and post-harvest losses.

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7.4 Agricultural Trade Potential in Haryana
Haryana state enjoys export advantage in basmati rice, guar and some horticultural crops particularly
vegetables. The state is the largest producer of basmati rice and second largest producer of guar, both have
high export demand. More than 60 per cent of the export of Basmati rice in the country is from Haryana.
Taraori Region (Karnal district) is worldwide famous for production of quality basmati rice because of unique
aroma, softness and elongation after cooking. The status of export from Haryana vis-à-vis other part of the
country is given in (Fig. 7). According to data from All India Rice Exporter Association and information
compiled by Working Group on Linking Farmers to Market in Haryana (Haryana Kisan Ayog, 2014), export of
basmati rice from India has steadily increased and that is mainly due to enhanced share of Haryana (50 %
during 2010-11 to around 60 % during 2013-14 and 2014-15.

4000
3500
3000 1502 1481
1424
2500 1606 Export from other parts of India
(000 'tone)
2000 1186
1500 Export from Haryana (000 'tone)
2136 2252 2222
1000 1606
1185
500
0
2010-10 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15

Fig.7. Export of basmati rice from Haryana and other parts of the country
Guar is another commercial crop and about 80 per cent of the world demand for guar gum is
met from India. Haryana accounts for 11 per cent of national production of guar gum and around 75 per
cent of guar produced in the state is exported in the form of guar gum and its derivatives. Guar seeds
short duration varieties (i.e., HG 365 and HG 563) developed by CCS HAU, Hisar are in cultivation.
University has released two more varieties HG 870 and HG 2-20 with maturity period of 75 days, which
will help in further promotion of trade of guar from the state. In addition, state is leading producer of
quality button mushroom and farmers can enhance their income through commercial production,
processing and export of high value mushroom (Haryana Kisan Ayog, 2014). The state has also a great
potential for increasing production and export of poultry and inland fish.
Needless to mention, the state has high quality germplasm of murrah buffalo, which has high
demand in many countries. The trade potential can be further harnessed by adopting good agricultural
practices, creation of modern infrastructure, strengthening financing institutions and that too followed
by development of integrated value chain. In this direction, Hayana government has taken several
initiatives such as Ultra-Modern Terminal Market for fruits and vegetables at Rai (Sonipat); India
International Horticulture Market (IIHM) at Ganaur (Sonipat); Agri-business information centres (ABICs)
at Sirsa, Hisar, Karnal, Thaneswar, Fatehabad, Jind, Ellenabad, Dabwali, Kalanwali and Bhiwani; Cold
storage cum pack house at 11 stations; multi-commodity processing plants at Rohtak and Sirsa; and
Kisan Call centre at Panchkula to harness the trade potential. National Agricultural Bank for Agricultural
and Rural Development (NABARD) has also envisaged for strengthening Foreign Bank branch in the state
to promote export finance. Export houses will be benefited from these branches for consolidation of the
financial business at a single point.

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8. POLICY AND INVESTMENT REQUIREMENTS AND ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT
Prioritization of areas for investment based on the potential to contribute to the targeted
growth can be attempted by identifying and prioritizing the constraints. It will not be the responsibility
of public sector alone rather the specific modes of interventions need to be identified through public,
private or participatory approach. Some areas may require only the attention of public sector, like
building of roads, markets and other infrastructure.
Haryana Government attaches high priority to formulate and implement farmers' friendly
policies and schemes. The Government has vigorously pursued implementation of land and water
management schemes, farm mechanization plan, credit availability schemes and risk management
measures. In order to provide better risk management in agriculture, National Agricultural Insurance
Scheme (NAIS) and Modified NAIS covering maize, cotton, arhar, bajra, mustard, gram and barley have
been implemented, Weather based crop insurance scheme (WBCIS) covering primarily rice and wheat
besides cotton and bajra has also been implemented. The “Toll Free Agricultural Help-Lines” have been
established in the Agricultural University and line departments. Kisan Clubs have been constituted in
every district for discussing problems and planning strategies for issues relating to agriculture and allied
sectors.
The State has successfully implemented national schemes such as Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
(RKVY), which was designed to give flexibility to spend more on agriculture on the basis of State plan.
Integrated Scheme of Oilseeds, pulses, oil palm and maize (ISOPOM) and the National Food Security
Mission (NFSM Rice, NFSM-Wheat and NFSM-Pulses) have also been effectively implemented to
increase production of rice, wheat, oilseeds and pulses through area expansion and productivity
enhancement in a sustainable manner. The State has formulated its draft State water policy to address
major issues relating to the water sector. Schemes for enhancing productivity of degraded lands in the
catchment of Flood Prone River and Scheme for Reclamation of Alkali Soils (USAR land) are being
undertaken. Integrated Wasteland Development Programmes, governed by the common guidelines
issued by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India for Watersheds and Horticulture
Mission, have been implemented.
The reforms in making easy credit availability to farmers have been brought out and Kisan Credit
Cards (KCC) are being issued. In Haryana, wheat, paddy, barley, gram, bajra and mustard are covered
under the Minimum Support Price Scheme (http://haryanafood.gov.in/ profile_procurement.aspx). The
wheat and leviable paddy are purchased by the six procurement agencies namely; Food and Supplies
Department (33%), Hafed (30%), Haryana Agro Industries (10%), Haryana Warehousing Corporation
(10%), Confed (5%) and Food Corporation of India (12%). Mustard is purchased by Hafed. Bajra is
purchased by the State Procurement Agencies (excluding FCI) and its disposal is made by FCI. About 99%
of mandi arrivals of paddy and wheat are procured by the government. Government has implemented
several other schemes for the benefit of the farmers. To make farmers aware about these schemes, a
booklet “Haryana ke Kisano se Sambandhit Yojnaye” has been brought out and distributed by Haryana
Kisan Ayog.
8.1 Investment requirement for establishing of Agro processing centre in production catchments
An agro-processing centre (APC) is an enterprise where the required facilities for primary and
secondary processing, storage, handling and drying of cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables and
spices are made available on rental/ charge basis to rural people. Value added agro based products and

137
processed food items are also prepared and marketed by the centre. This type of centre is managed by
individuals/ co-operatives/ community / organizations / voluntary organization. Machines and
equipment of small to medium capacity are used by these centres so that it will be easy to operate and
handle. The centre meets the processing, preservation, handling and marketing needs of surplus
produce available in a village or a cluster of villages. Thus, it is a means of providing income and
employment to rural people through agro-processing activities of various produce. The activities of
centre can be defined on the basis of available raw materials, processed products, market potential, etc.
Such agro-processing centers may be established at cluster of 4-5villages or block level depending upon
the marketable surplus of agricultural produce and demand of final product. Based on the experiences
of success story of APC in Punjab and Haryana states, the following Agro Processing model have been
suggested. The estimated costs for establishment of these APC models are given in Table 23. A desired
covered space of approx. 250-500 sq. yard is required for the installation of all these machines.
Table 23. Estimated Cost of establishment of APC in production catchment of Haryana

APC model Crop/ Commodity Approx. Cost No of units Budget Required

(Rs. In lakh) proposed from Govt. @25%
subsidy
Primary Processing of Paddy, Oilseeds, 25 140 875
Food Grains, Oilseeds, Wheat, Chilli, Pulses
Pulses and Spices, and
cattle feed
Extruded products Rice and coarse 43 70 752.5
cereals
Potato Chips and Potato and Rice and 45 50 562.5
Extruded products coarse cereals
Turmeric and Ginger Turmeric and 20 50 250
Drying and Grinding Ginger, Garlic
Minimal processing, Vegetables 17 100 425
drying and powdering,
Value added products
Sugarcane bottling Sugarcane 25 50 312.5
plant and Jaggery Unit
Dairy value added Milk 50 140 1750
products
Total 4927.5
Additional Cost of packaging material approximately Rs. 150/- to Rs. 275/- per kg (depending upon the thickness) and printing charges =
Rs. 0.50/package

To motivate the youth towards agro processing, it is envisaged that at least 25% of subsidy cost
may be provided by government as assistance. A sum of Rs 4927.5 lakh (~Rs. 50 crore) is required for
promoting agro processing in production catchments. It is expected that one such APC is able to
generated net profit of Rs. 12 to 15 lakh per annum and around 30 to 35 percent indirect benefits on
account of reduction of post-harvest losses and higher price realization.

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9. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AND INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES

9.1 Technology Dissemination

Haryana has emerged as model State in technology transfer which is jointly managed by State
Department of Agriculture and CCSHAU through its net-work spread down to village level. The
dissemination of farm technology in the State is also being effectively done through Krishi Vigyan
Kendras located in different districts. Other R&D institutions located in the State also collaborate in this
endeavour. Promotion of ICT is a priority to strengthen technology transfer programme. In addition,
Community Radio Stations, front line demonstrations, field days, interface among farmers-scientists
field functionaries, trainings etc are being employed as instruments of technology transfer and up-
skilling the farmers. In fact, the primary concern of the government has always been to insulate the
farmers of Haryana from fluctuations in agricultural production, rise of cost of cultivation and vagaries of
weather/climate. To cope with the situation, the farmers are trained and empowered with efficient
technologies to make farming remunerative.

Research institutes should come with technological breakthroughs for shifting production
frontiers and raising efficiency in use of inputs. Evidence is growing about scope of agronomic practices
like precision farming to raise production and income of farmers substantially. Similarly, modern
machinery such as laser land leveller, precision seeder and planter, and practices like SRI (system of rice
intensification), direct seeded rice, zero tillage, raised bed plantation and ridge plantation allow
technically highly efficient farming. However, these technologies developed by the public sector have
very poor marketability. They require strong extension for the adoption by farmers. R&D institutions
should also include in their packages grassroots level innovations and traditional practices which are
resilient, Sustainable and income enhancing.

ICAR and SAUs should develop models of farming system for different types of socioeconomic
and bio physical settings combining all their technologies in a package with focus on farm income. This
would involve combining technology and best practices covering production, protection and post-
harvest value addition for each sub systems with other sub systems like crop sequences, crop mix,
livestock, horticulture, forestry. Such shift requires interdisciplinary approach to develop on knowledge
of all disciplines.

Ministry/Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers' Welfare, Government of

Haryana; Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries; Ministry/Department of Food
Processing and Value Addition; Research Institutes like : CCSHAU, Hisar, ICAR-Institutes and other line
institutes of Central and State governments; NGOs; Kisan/Youth Clubs and other welfare organizations.

Some intervention are being identified (Table 24) based on the farmers-scientists interaction
meets and success stories (as mentioned in Annexure-II), which can be easily adopted and may be main
takeaways from the point of view of the strategy for doubling farmer’s income.

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Table 24 : Summary of Interventions Identified and Implementing agencies
Sr. Intervention at farm/ market
No level
1. Conservation Agriculture
(i) Legume in rice-wheat
cropping pattern
(ii) Adoption of zero
tillage/rotary tillage/laser
land leveling
(iii) Micro irrigation techniques
2. Selection of salt tolerant variety, Kaithal, , Karnal, Jind,
Add Gypsum
3 Diversification towards
Horticulture/high value
commodities
5 Integrated farming system
(including livestock, poultry and
fish farming)
• Skilled manpower for A.I,
Availability of quality Semen
• Disease control (Mastitis)
• Provision of soft loan for
technology up-gradation
6 Post harvest, and processing
• Agro processing centre
(APC) in production
catchments
7 Marketing and strengthening of All districts
value chain
• E-NAM
• Deferred Price provision
• Infrastructure development
(existing market density of
10.7 per 1000 sq.km shall be
upgraded to 35.7 per 1000
sq. km at par with Punjab)
8 Rural non-farm All districts
• HRD
• Skill development
• Infrastructure development
Focus areas/cropping
system
Ambala, Yamunanagar,
Kurukshetra, Kaithal,
Karnal, Panipat (Eastern
Zone)
(50% R-W area)
Sirsa, Fatehabad,
Hisar,Bhiwani,
Mahendergarh, Rewari,
Jhajjar, Gurgaon and
Mewat (Western Zone)
Rohtak, Sonipat, Sirsa,
Fatehabad,
Total Saline soil (49157
ha), Alkali (183399 ha)
Eastern Zone
Flower culture,
Vegetables (Coriander,
turmeric, tomato carrot
garlic)
Western Zone
Guar, baby corn,
cauliflower, cabbage,
carrot, ber, anola, etc.
All districts (10 % of area)
All districts
140
Implementing Expected additional
authority/agencies income(%)
KVK, State Agri. Department On an average
& CCSHAU regional centre (5-7%)
Uchani
Private companies, State 10%
government (subsidy),
Technology transfer and
awareness creation by KVK
ICAR-CSSRI, KVK, CCS HAU, 2%
State Agriculture and 15%
HorticultureDepartment &
SAU, ICAR-IARI regional
centre
Centre of excellence for
vegetables, Guronda
NDRI, LUVAS, NDDB, 5-7%
Department of Animal
Husbandry, and Fishery
State Government, Private
companies Cooperative
Banks and NABARD
AICRP on PHET, CCS HAU, Cereals, pulses and
NDRI, NIFTEM, private oilseeds (5%)
manufacturers, Cooperative Horticulture (20-25%)
Banks, NABARD (for Sugarcane (30%)
financing), Honey processing (40-
50%)
Dairy (40-50%)
APMC, Haryana Marketing 5-6% additional income
Board, Government of
Haryana, HAFED
Public-private partnership Existing 3% share of non-
farm business activity can
easily be increased upto
10%
10. SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS
Agriculture in Haryana has although shown a remarkable growth due to contribution of yield to
total output and that too coupled with proper basic and market infrastructure. The annual income of
farm household in Haryana is far higher than national average. The growth in real income should be at
the rate of about 12.25 per cent per annum so that the goal of doubling the same can be achieved by
2022. The production technology seems to be the major key to improve the prospects of agriculture in
the state. Research should be encouraged for evolving suitable production technologies to push up the
prevailing technological frontiers. Investments in this direction may be envisaged, particularly for the
rainfed regions with scarce water resources, and for regions where there is possibility of water
harvesting. Agricultural development has to be integrated with the overall economic growth and
generation of livelihood opportunities in the rural sector. Diversified and high value agriculture is the
pre-requisite for high growth of nonfarm sector as it opens possibilities for value addition and
strengthens backward and forward linkages with non-agricultural sectors, leading to livelihood
opportunities for the indigent. The grain based cropping system is the main source of income (54.5%),
followed by wages and salaries (24.2%) and animal (18.3%). Specific recommendations for doubling
farmers’ income in Haryana state are:
• The resource-scarce farming community such as small and marginal farmers, tenant farmers,
share croppers, etc, deserve special attention. Devise micro-level action at district and block for
crops & cluster approach should be practiced to enhance yields.
• Land productivity enhancement with focus on efficient management of natural resources. The
challenge of climate change is real and there is a crying need to develop a climate resilient
agriculture. Development of climate resilient and input efficient improved hybrids/varieties.
• Available technologies has potential to increase yield levels in case of wheat (19 -30%), gram
(20-100%,), rapeseed and mustard (22-32%), paddy (40-45%), bajara (20-45%), and maize (50-
60%), Hence there is a scope of improving farm profitability and income.
• Salt tolerant varieties and adoption of good agricultural practices can save the existing loss in
the state of Rs. 655 crores.
• Focus on production of pulses by utilization of rice fallows and intercropping with coarse
cereals, oilseeds and commercial crops
• Nutrient management based on Soil Health Cards (SHCs) need to be adopted extensively, as it
can bring down cultivation costs by 10-25%, particularly on fertilizers.
• The efficiency in input use can bring down the cost of production and enhance the farm
incomes. Cost reduction technologies such as RCTs like zero tillage (reduces the cost to the tune
of Rs. 3400/ha), rational use of resources (seeds, fertilizers and water) through diversification
and adoption of conservation agriculture, bed planting in wheat, micro irrigation techniques like
drip and sprinkler are recommended as it can save about 25 per cent seed, 30 per cent water
and 25 per cent nitrogen leading to higher use efficiencies. Besides, solar-energy-based tube-
wells to be provided to farmers to bring down their input costs of energy.
• There should be separate solar and water grids for agriculture to ensure availability on
sustainable basis
• An integrated multi-enterprise model consisting of diverse components (field and horticultural
crops, fishery, cattle, poultry and beekeeping) can substantially cut the production costs by

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 synergistic recycling of resources among different components and enhance the returns due to
complementarities.
• Potential of horticulture including mushroom cultivation, bee keeping can be harnessed through
adoption of cluster approach. Cultivar of guava, i.e. Hisar Safeda and Hisar Surkha and Gola,
Ilaichi, Umran for ber are very popular and have vase potential for enhancing the returns of the
farmers in the State and in the neighbouring states.
• Haryana has popular world class Murraha buffalo breed and has good potential for export of
quality germ plasm. Further, Possibility to import of Gir semen from Brazil may be explored. In
addition, livestock championships, yield competitions and mini dairies may be encouraged
through better incentives. Farmers may be encouraged to import high quality germplasm of
livestock. Emphasis should be put on conservation and improvement of indigenous cows.
• Marketing is the key to success in farming. Creating the market linkages by establishing terminal
markets, direct sale by farmers to the consumers through Apni Mandi/Kisan Bazars, and
cooperative marketing, specialized markets for the perishable commodities, quality control and
pledged storage and warehousing facilities, establishment of multi-commodity agro-processing
centres/complexes in production catchments, efficient value chain, establishment of food
quality testing laboratory and standards will certainly help in enhancing the farmers’ income.
• Ensured remunerative prices for agricultural produce to farmers is important and therefore,
MSP should be at least 150 per cent of the cost of production. Further, MSP need to revise in
accordance to the traditional crops of the state.
• Farmer Producers Organizations (FPOs), contract farming, niche markets needs to be
encouraged
• Infrastructure creation in connectivity, irrigation, marketing, storage, communication, small
farm equipment, etc, is also important for reducing cost of production and improving efficiency.
• Information dissemination must be done using digital technology for extensive outreach.
• Land laws require changes to formalize land leasing practice, in the absence of which term
investments are not made by the tillers to enhance production and productivity.
• Enhancement of labour productivity through mechanization and protected agriculture. Suitable
skill building and enterprise development in the farm and off-farm sector warrants attention.
• Adequate policy mechanisms that ensure skill and capacity development of small farmers to
reach markets and ensure decent and stable prices for their produce needs to be of high
priority.
• Create a healthy credit environment by enhancing access to credit through technology in an
equitable manner.
• Effective crop insurance schemes are necessary but remain a curative exercise. What is
additionally required are systems and capacities for communities to be informed of the
vulnerabilities in agriculture and ways to adapt to the vagaries of climate change. This needs
investments in effective and timely information systems, planning and decision making support
to farmers in order to ensure adequacy in preventive action for crop failure.
• Krishi mahotsava/Kisan Melas/Agri Expo/Farmer-Acedemia-Industry meet by R&D institutes and
extension agencies involving the line departments need to carried out to improve the adoption
of technologies / bridging yield gaps.

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 About one third of the increase in farmers' income is easily attainable through better price
realization, efficient post-harvest management for reduction of post-harvest losses and value addition,
competitive value chains and adoption of allied activities. This requires comprehensive reforms in
production and marketing, and institutional level as well as at enterprise level.
Earlier, the focus of the state was on enhancing productivity of crops but now it needs to be
shifted towards maintaing the sustainability of natural resource endowments, growth oriented
innovations, shifting of rice-wheat rotation towards high value crops, diversification of agricultural
enterprises and enhancing income of the farmers, especially the small and marginal farmers. The state
has already taken initiative through Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare to promote ICT and
farm innovations, moderanization of mandies and warehouse & storage facilities, promoting of direct
marketing and electronic trading etc. Further, implementation of crop insurance scheme in a more
better way, strengthening of agro-processing, value addition and by-product utilization & waste
management, grading & standardization of quality produce as well as bypromoting organic farming will
certainly help in enhancing the farmers’ income.

143
References
1. Agricultural Statistics At A Glance (2016), Government of India, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers
Welfare, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, Directorate of Economics
and Statistics.
2. All India Rice Exporters Association. Export statistics of basmati rice. http://www.airea.net/,
accessed on Jan 3, 2018
3. Approach paper on Strategy for Doubling Income of Farmers in India by 2022. Indian Council of
Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
4. Birthal, P.S., Digvijay S Negi, Devesh Roy, (2017): Enhancing Farmers’ Income: Who to Target and
How? ICAR-NIAP Policy 30, New Delhi- 110 012
5. Birthal, P.S., P.K. Joshi, Devesh Roy, Amit Thorat (2007): Diversification in Indian agriculture
towards high-value crops: the role of smallholders, IFPRI Discussion Paper 00727, International
Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC.
6. Chand (2016): “Doubling Farmers’ Income: Strategy and Prospects”, Presidential Address
delivered at 76th Annual Conference of Indian Society of Agricultural Economics held at Assam
Agricultural University Jorhat, Assam during 21-23 November, 2016.
7. Chand (2017): “Doubling Farmers’ Income: Rationale, Strategy, Prospects and Action Plan”, NITI
Policy Paper 01/2017 National Institution for Transforming India, Government of India, New Delhi.
8. Economic Survey of Haryana, 2016-17
9. FAO (2014): Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, (http://www.fao.org).
10. Varshneya, M. C. and Javelkar, Anil (2005). "India's Perspective Policy on Agriculture" Uttan Krushi
Sanshadhan Sanstha, Keshvshruti, Uttan Road, Bhayander, Maharashtra.
11. National Skill Development Corporation Report, 2013.
12. NSSO (2014): “Key Indicators of Situation of Agricultural Households in India,” 70th Round
(January–December 2013), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, National
Sample Survey Office, New Delhi.
13. Saxena, R. Singh N.P., Choudhary B. B., Balaji S. J., Paul R. K., Ahuja U., Joshi D., Kumar R. and Khan
M. A. (2017). Agricultural Economics Research Review. Doubling Farmers’ Income: Options and
Strategies, Vol. 30 (Conference issue), 2017
14. Ranganathan, T. (2015) Farmers’ income in India: evidence from secondary data. Agricultural
Economics Research Unit, Institute of Economic Growth, New Delhi. http://www.iegindia.org/
ardl/Farmer_Incomes_Thiagu_Ranganathan.pdf
15. Satyasai K.J. S. and Bharti, Sandhya (2016) Doubling farmers’ income: way forward. Rural Pulse,
Issue XIV, March - April.
16. Statistical Abstract of Haryana (2017). Department of Economics and Statistical Analysis, Govt. of
Haryana.
17. Technical Report (2016). Sustainable Land Use Plan of Haryana, Haryana Space Applications
Centre (HARSAC), Department of Science & Technology, CCSHAU Campus, Hisar.
18. Working Group Report on Productivity Enhancement of Crops in Haryana (2013). Haryana Kisan
Ayog, Haryana.
19. Working Group Report on Linking Farmers to Market in Haryana. Government of Haryana,
Haryana Kisan Ayog (2014). pp.1- 41.

144
 Annexure-I
Meeting/consultation details on Doubling Farmers’ Income (DFI) in Haryana

A National Conference on the call of the Prime Minister of India on Doubling Farmers’ Income by
March 2022 was organized by Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCS HAU), Hisar
in collaboration with the 29th Annual Conference of the Haryana Economic Association (H.E.A.) on
March 9-10, 2017. More than 250 participants from different Universities, Colleges, Farmers’
Organizations, Indian Economic Association, Banks and officials from Government departments
participated in the deliberations. About 60 research papers were presented in addition to the addresses
by eminent invited speakers. Prof. K. P. Singh, Vice-Chancellor, CCSHAU delivered his thoughtful
inaugural address on the occasion (Pic. 1 & 2).

Pic. 1 Pic. 2

First meeting of the Haryana State Coordination Committee to develop strategies for doubling of
farmers’ income by March, 2022 was held at ICAR-NDRI, Karnal on 29.04.2017 under the Chairmanship
of Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor, CCSHAU, Hisar. All the members of the Haryana State Committee
participated and deliberated the issues confronting doubling the farmers’ income by 2022 at length
(Pic. 3 & 4).

Pic. 3 Pic. 4

Innovative Farmers’ Meet organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) in

collaboration with CCSHAU, Hisar at CCSHAU, Hisar on 30.5.2017 for doubling the farmers’ income
under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor, CCSHAU, Professor K. P. Singh. About 500 farmers
from different districts of Haryana participated in the Meet. Prof. K. P. Singh, Vice-Chancellor, CCSHAU
delivered his thoughtful lecture on “Doubling the farmers' income through agriculture diversification
and creating market linkages” (Pic. 5 & 6).

145
 Pic. 5 Pic. 6

One day Interactive Meet ^^dSls c<+s fdlku dh vk; % izxfr'khy fdlkuksa dh jk;** was organized at ICAR-
CIRB in collaboration with Haryana Kisan Aayog (HKA) on 20.06.2017 under the Chairmanship of Prof. K.
P. Singh, Vice-Chancellor, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Dr. Ramesh Kumar Yadav,
Chairman, Haryana Kisan Aayog was the Chief Guest of the function. Dr. R. S. Dalal, Member Secretary,
HKA; other members from HKA Dr. R. S. Balyan, Dr. Sham Bhaskar; Director, ICAR-CIRB, Dr. Inderjeet
Singh; Director, ICAR-NRCE, Dr. B. N. Tripathi; Officers from line departments;

Dr. R. S. Hudda, Director, Extension Education, CCSHAU; Dr. R. S. Sheokand, DEE, LUVAS; Dr. K. K.
Kundu, Associate Professor, Dept. of Agril. Economics, CCSHAU; Scientists from ICAR-CIRB and 34
progressive farmers from different districts of Haryana participated in the Meet (Pic. 7 & 8).

Pic. 7 Pic. 8

Photographs of Farmers-Scientists Interaction (25-10-2017) at NDRI Karnal

146
 Annexure-II

Success stories for scaling up of technology outreach

Name: Kanwal Singh , VPO : Aterna,
District: Sonipat, Age (54 years)
Education : M.A, LLB
Land holding: 4.5 acres
Experience : 32 years

Description of Farm and Achievements (Baby corn)

He opted the high value low volume vegetable crops having market demand after interaction
with scientists of KVK and other institutions and extension personnel. He earned his name particularly
for baby corn cultivation. The village Atama is now growing baby corn and sweet corn and nearby
villages of the district. Subsequently, he started mushroom cultivation in the year 2002 with 120 q. of
wheat straw in two kaccha sheds with active help and guidance from KVK and HAIC, Murthal. He was
able to harvest up to 30 q. mushroom from one shed of 60 q. dry straw in the very first year. He
established and strengthened Vegetable Farmers Co-operative Production and marketing society. He
started vegetable and mushroom processing unit in Food Park, Rai, Sonipat.

Name : Bijender Singh Dalal S/o. Sh. Chokh Ram

VPO : Kithwari, District : Palwal
Age : 47 years
Education : Matric
Land holding : 30 acres
Experience : 27 years

Description of Farm and Achievements (Diversification)

Sh. Bijender Singh has sown various high yielding varieties of paddy (PB-1 and Pusa Basmati-
1121) and obtained yield of 22-24 q/acre. He also cultivated Pro- Agro Hybrid Rice 6444 and obtained
yield of 40 q/acre. He adopted diversified farming by introducing garlic (var. G-282), summer moong
and mentha during the year 2007-08. He has attended various training programmes organized by KVK.
He was awarded as Best Farmer in district by National Horticulture Research Foundation, Karnal
during 2000-01 for successful cultivation of garlic.
By selling mentha oil (70-80 kg/cutting/acre) @ Rs. 750/kg, he has earned a net profit of Rs.
20000- 25000/acre/year. He also cultivated intercropping of onion in mentha by Nunhems Company
during 2007 and earned an additional profit.

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 Name : Bijender Singh S/o Sh. Chander Singh
VPO : Khubru (Ganuar), District : Sonipat
Age : 42 years, Education : 10+2 , ITI
Land holding : 4.0 acres, Experience : 22 years

Description of Farm and Achievements (Mushroom)

Shri Bijender Singh is one of the most successful enterprising mushroom growers. He belongs
to small farmers category with a joint family holding of 4 acres. He started mushroom cultivation on a
modest scale by making compost from 20 qtls of wheat straw in 1990-91. He achieved success in
direct marketing of mushroom to traders/processors on strength of volume of his farm produce and
collective efforts through formation of non-formal group especially for marketing of mushroom. He
developed contact with traders and processors from far off places. He is well known and quite
popular among fellow mushroom growers as his farm serves as the information hub of mushroom
cultivation for farmers as well as for other related with mushroom enterprise.

Name : Shamsher Singh S/o Sh. Fateh Singh

Village : Dohana Khera, Distt. : Jind
Age : 56 years
Education : Matric
Land holding : 04 acres own + 04 acres lease
Experience : 35 years

Description of Farm and Achievements

Sh. Shamsher Singh is resident of village Dohana-Khera having eight acres of land (4 acres
own+4 acres on lease). He has adopted cotton followed by summer moong cropping system. He has
cultivated desi cotton var. HD-432 and got yield of 25 q/ha. He has also adopted zero tillage in wheat,
kitchen gardening and cultivation of vegetable crops. He has cultivated Bt. cotton (RCH-134) and
summer moong (SML-668) with yield of 38 q/ha of Bt. cotton and 7.5 q/ha of summer moong.
Economics of Farm
Farm component Number/Area Yield (q/ha) Rate (Rs./q) Net income
(ha) (Rs.)/season
Cotton (RCHL 134)) 1.0 38 2,200 83,600
Summer moong (SML 668) 1.0 7.5 4,000 30,000
Total 1,13,600

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 Name : Rajender Kamboj, VPO : Darbi,
District : Sirsa
Age : 34 years
Education : Graduate
Land holding : 17.0 acres
Experience : 14 years

Description of Farm and Achievements (Kinnow and other horticultural plants)

He bring his unduelated land under orchard plantation and apply drip irrigation system
(under NHM). At present, he is growing field crops in 10.0 acres as conventional farming in paddy-
wheat rotation and kinnow in 7.0 acres. Subsequently, he has intercropped his orchard with most of
the vegetables in kharif and rabi seasons. He has also propagated 1, 2, 4, 4, 7, 10, 12, 18, 28 and 80
plants of jackfruit, ber, pomegranate, banana, guava, aonla, phalsha, jamun, mango and hybrid
papaya, respectively, and having 200 trees of teek at field boundaries. In addition, he has a small
dairy farm comprising of four buffaloes and four cows. Last year, he has started bee-keeping with 10
boxes. He is earning net income to the tune of Rs. 18.85 lacs per annum from farming and allied
aspects. He was awarded first prize for the best kinnow grower in Sirsa district in 2014 during Kinnow
Mela at Sirsa.
His farm is the best example of integrated Farming, involving Agricultural crops (Paddy, wheat, cotton
and fodder (jowar/berseem), Horticulture crops : Kinnow, guava, ber, aonla, banana, mangoes etc.,
Livestock : Four buffaloes and four cows. Other enterprises undertaken are : Vermi-compost, bee-
keeping, drip irrigation in kinnow and cotton, water recharge well.
Economics of Farm
Farm component Number/Area Input cost Net income
(acre) (Rs./year) (Rs./year)
Paddy - wheat 10.0 2,90,000 6,40,000
Kinnow 700 plants 1,05,000 6,25,000
Other horticultural plants in 165 plants 25,000 1,00,000
kinnow orchard as intercropping
Livestocks (4 buffaloes and 4 8 No. 50,000 90,000
cows)
Total 4,70,000 14,55,000

Name : Sh. Avnish Kumar Age : 52 years

Village : Radauri Education : B. A.
District : Yamunanagar Land holding : 5 acres
Mobile No. : 9050617350 Experience : 10 years
Description of Farm and Achievements
Sh. Avnish Kumar is an innovative and 52 years old farmer. He learned education up to
graduate level and having 10 years of farming experience. He wanted to earn extra income during
lean months of crops season. He has five acres of land in paddy-wheat cropping sequence. He was
inspired by mushroom growers of the district and came in contact with KVK in 2006 for mushroom

149
cultivation. KVK scientists suggested him to use wheat and paddy straw as raw material for
preparation of compost and old animal house for mushroom cultivation. He started mushroom
cultivation in 2006 and earned net income of Rs. 8500 and increased his net income of Rs. 485300/-
in 2014-15. The profession of mushroom cultivation has proved a boon for his family. He also
provides employment to five ladies for mushroom picking and packing for five months. He has
planned to construct a compost chamber for preparation of mushroom compost with short method
of composting and wants to increase size of unit. Moreover, he is using spent compost for the
production of organic vegetables and cereals. He fed root portion and poor grade mushroom to his
milking cow and heifer. He observed increase in milk production, fat and lactation period in milking
cows. He won several prizes in mushroom competitions organized by KVK and Department of
Horticulture, Yamunanagar.
Components of Integrated Farming
Agricultural crops : Paddy and wheat
Livestocks : Improved cattle breed (3 No.)
Other enterprise : Mushroom cultivation
Economics of Farm
Year No. of bags Total Gross Net
(10 kg compost/bag) expenditure (Rs.) income (Rs.) income (Rs.)
2006-07 300 17,000 25,500 8,500
2007-08 500 27,500 44,000 17,500
2008-09 2,000 80,000 1,36,000 56,000
2009-10 5,000 2,32,000 3,57,500 1,55,000
2010-11 10,000 2,66,000 5,26,000 2,60,000
2011-12 22,000 5,80,000 10,60,500 4,80,500
2012-13 22,000 5,66,000 9,80,500 4,14,500
2013-14 22,000 5,71,000 9,12,400 3,41,400
2014-15 17,500 3,85,000 8,70,300 4,85,300

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 Name : Vijay Kumar
Village : Yakubpur, P. O. Pipli Majra
District : Yamunanagar
Age: 45 years
Education : 10+2
Experience : 20 years
Land holding : 4 acres

Description of Farm and Achievements (Agro forestry)

Sh.Vijay Kumar is a multi-enterprising farmer. He is growing crops in agroforestry system along
with bee-keeping as an additional source of income. He availed training in bee-keeping from CCSHAU,
Hisar in 1985 and started bee-keeping with four boxes. He came in contact with KVK in 1992. He
actively participates in KVK activities and provides technical know-how to bee-keepers of the district.
He increased the number of bee-boxes to 800-900 in 1996. Now, he is earning a gross income of Rs.
10.0 lacs by sale of bee-hives and Rs. 13.0 lacs by sale of honey. His net income from bee-keeping is
Rs.10.0 lacs. His return from traditional crops is Rs. 30000 per annum. In addition to crops, from agro-
forestry system he is earning Rs. 70000-75000 per annum. He has well established bee-keeping
business besides, crops in agroforestry system.
He has adopted integrated Farming such as agricultural crops : Paddy and wheat in agroforestry
system, Livestocks (improved cattle breed (3 No.) and Other enterprise : Bee-keeping
Economics of Farm
Year No. of Income from Income Net income
bee boxes honey (Rs.) honey bees (Rs.) (Rs.)
2010-11 600 5,50,000 10,00,000 10,00,000
2011-12 700 6,00,000 8,00,000 8,00,000
2012-13 800 7,00,000 7,00,000 7,00,000
2013-14 900 11,00,000 5,00,000 6,50,000
2014-15 900 13,00,000 4,50,000 5,50,000

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Success story : Farm mechanization and Conservation of Agriculture
Zero tillage in wheat saved resources and enhanced income
Sardar Sahab Singh, a farmer of Ramba
village, Karnal district of Haryana has a holding of
nearly 42 ha in 600 mm rainfall area. He grows
cereal crops like wheat and paddy, fodder crops
berseem, sorghum, maize, coriander (For selling as
green crop), turnip etc. in the sandy loam soil. He
was impressed with the gains of zero-tillage
technology being adopted by fellow farmers in
Pehowa area in Haryana.
He adopted this technology on his farm in
1999, but the gained benefits were not as good as
expected. Later on, he got guidance from the
scientists of ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal. On the advice of scientists, he
purchased two zero tillage machines, each costing Rs 16000 in year 2000 and 2001. The machines are
fitted with two boxes, one each for fertilizer and seed. Fertilizer is placed below the seed. The tines are
fixed at 21 cm with knife points. Before adopting zero tillage, he had to plough the field 8-10 times
which consumed 75-88 liter diesel per ha area. There was lot of pollution due to more fuel burning.
He observed that sowing wheat in full paddy residue is somewhat problematic; therefore, he
purchased Turbo Happy Seeder. At times, he had to use reaper to remove residues in fields but he found
that crops under residue are better than removal with high moisture content.
Zero tillage has saved a lot of labour. He found very less number of weeds in his field and hence he could
save on herbicide purchase. During 2007-08, the average wheat yield at his farm was 6.0 ton per ha
using zero tillage which is at par with conventional practices. During 2015-16 crop season, he harvested
7.0t/ha. The operational expenditure was Rs 25000 per ha. Therefore his net profit was Rs 88750 per ha.
He has saved at least Rs 4000-5000 on account of ploughing and labour cost as well as 2-3q/ha more
yield as compared to conventional tillage. He has become a role model for other farmers in nearby
villages. He has also observed that due to continuous adoption of zero tillage technology, soil health is
also enriched in terms of increased organic carbon, increased water holding capacity, avoidance of
terminal heat, less water requirement and less lodging. He found it a very useful technology as far as the
environment is concerned. He believes that only this technology has the potential to overcome the
problem of residue burning.

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Success story of Rotary Disc Drill (RDD)
The rotary disc drill machine was Field after intervention
developed at DWR, Karnal under NATP
project on mechanization of rice-wheat
system, for sowing of wheat into loose
straw. It has been found effective for
seeding into loose crop residues. This
machine is also based on the rotary till
mechanism. The rotating discs cut the
residue and simultaneously make a narrow
slit into the soil to facilitate placement of
seed and fertilizer using an offset double
disc assembly. Rotary disc drill is more
versatile and works under almost all the
Field before intervention
situations like paddy, cotton, bajra, arhar,
sugarcane ratoon with full trash for
seeding crops without tillage. This machine
can also be used where residue are
incorporated in soil and there is no
dragging of residue as drilling of seed and
fertilizer is guided by double discs.
During 2015-16 rabi crop season,
wheat was sown by using this machine in
the sugarcane field of Sh. Mahender Singh,
Village, Bara Gaon, District Karnal with complete thrash cover on the surface. Sowing was done on
12.01.2016. Using seed rate of 150 kg/ha. The wheat variety PBW 550 was used and it gave 34.3 q/ha
yield under too late condition. He used one bag DAP as basal and 2 bags of urea one each just before
first and second irrigation, respectively. Five irrigations were applied during the crop growth period. This
technology is a boon for sugarcane-wheat crop rotation. Under late harvest of sugarcane, it is not
possible to take any inter crop under ratoon. But with the help of this machine additional crop of wheat
or other pulse crop like moong bean can be taken and more profit can be earned from the same piece of
land. This way Sh. Mahender Singh could earn additional Rs. 50,000/ha by growing wheat in his
sugarcane field. This technology also provided a window to increase area under wheat particularly in
sugarcane belt, ultimately increasing the production.
Sustainability of Salt Affected Soil
Success Story on Economic empowerment through salt tolerant basmati rice variety CSR30
Central Soil Salinity Research Institute (CSSRI), Karnal has released a salt tolerant variety of
Basmati rice, CSR 30. This is a very popular Basmati variety among the farmers of Haryana. According to
the latest estimates, about 60 per cent area of basmati rice cultivation is captured by CSR 30 in Haryana
state. The progressive and innovative farmers of Haryana are major drivers in popularizing CSR 30. These
farmers took challenge to grow variety CSR 30 in moderately salt affected and reclaimed soils.

153
 Mr. Isham Singh (40 Yr) and Mr.
Vikram Singh (36 Yr) of Kachhwa village are
two major farmers who have been
innovators and motivators for others. CSSRI,
Karnal chose Mr. Isham Singh’s agricultural
land for demonstration of variety CSR 30.
Mr. Isham Singh reported the performance
of CSR 30. This variety has good potential to
grow in saline and sodic environments,
possesses good disease and insect pests’
resistance, and has high market value and
export demand. CSR 30 is comparatively better than the earlier basmati varieties. Earlier, Mr. Singh
could harvest 11-13 quintals per acre (28 - 33 quintals per hectare), but later on with the technical
support of CSSRI scientists in field demonstrations, he is now able to harvest 13-15 quintals grain yield
per acre. Other farmers of Kachhwa and nearby villages came in to contact with Mr. Isham Singh and
developed a large knowledge network in cultivating CSR 30.
Mr. Vikram Singh, a young farmer of the same village also adopted CSR 30 in order to get better
production from the sodic-saline soil. Encouraged by his success, his family purchased 30 acres of land
near Itarasi, Madhya Pradesh, where he has started cultivating CSR 30. In the first year, he harvested
about 30 quintals per hectare, while this year he has harvested about 37 quintals grain yield per hectare.
Mr. Vikram Singh reported that CSR 30 has compatibility with wider soil and climatic conditions. This is a
cash variety and it has a greater market demand than others. Now, it has been realized that genetic
attributes, wider flexibility and better market demand of CSR 30 could make it popular in diverse
agroecosystems; and made it being a most popular rice variety in salt affected and sodic soils through
farm led extension system. Even in the areas having normal soils without the problems of salinity and
sodicity stresses, CSR 30 rice variety is giving better performance.
Dr. S. K. Sharma, Head, Crop Improvement at CSSRI, Karnal informed that the successful
cultivation of CSR 30 variety has increased production and income of farmers. Haryana State Seed
Production and Development Corporation, National Seed Corporation and other government and
private seed agencies also supported in increasing the production potential through production and
supply of good quality seeds.
Success Story on KRL 210-Climate-resilient wheat for salt-affected ecologies
Shallow water-table (0.4-1.0 m), and moderate to high soil (EC2: 2.48-10.20 dS/m) and water
(EC: 2.23-4.63 dS/m) salinity are common in more than 300 hectares of land in village SiwanaMaal of
Jind District. These compounded vulnerabilities along with the lack of technical know-how have made
agriculture in the village a non-remunerative activity, particularly, in the affected ecologies. Some of the
farmers even abandoned crop cultivation and sold agriculture native lands at a very low price to look for
alternative options and livelihood securities.
This village was adopted under the ‘Institute Adopted Village’ to intervene in reclamation and
management strategies for salt- affected soils. A project on subsurface drainage (SSD) was implemented
to address waterlogged saline soils. Cultivation of traditional varieties had resulted in relatively poor

154
crop yields owing to lesser crop tolerance. Many a time, crop failed due to continuous water stagnation
or submergence caused by flash flood and drought.
To test productivity potential of wheat KRL 210 under real stress, 10 frontline demonstrations
(FLDs) were conducted for affected farmers in 2011-12. Within 3 years, KRL 210 gained momentum, and
its cultivation started on more than 180 hectares of salt-affected lands.
At present, farmers could harvest 3.5-5.2 tonnes/ha from this variety as against the average of
0.4-0.66 and somewhere of 1.0-1.5 tonnes/ha. Based on the past performance, about 78.5% of farmers
are of the opinion that during the period of high intensity rains (e.g. January to first week of March 2013
and 2014), KRL 210 performed relatively better than other varieties. This variety matures 4-5 days earlier
than the dominant wheat varieties, and has been found to have high chapati-making quality as
compared to other varieties.
Many farmers used higher seed rate due to adoption of broadcasting method (at 115-125 kg
seed/ha), followed by rotavator ploughing, which mixed plough layer inherent salts, that led to uneven
and poor crop germination, seed placement at deeper depths and ultimately poor crop yields. Farmers
adopted ‘Zero tillage’ sowing method to ensure better seed placement and good germination in salty
soils. This resulted in lesser soil disturbance, leading to minimum salt mixing and reduction in input
costs. More than 2,000 farming families have been directly and indirectly benefitted with this integrated
technological intervention, covering additional 400 hectares of land with KRL 210 variety. The adaptive
attributes of KRL 210 have made farmers to form their own informal network of seed exchange, informal
marketing to maintain seed supply-chain and combat location-specific ecological vulnerability to sustain
their livelihood.

Photo: Scientist-Farmers interaction in demonstration field of salt tolerant wheat variety KRL210

155
Success story: Diversification
Increased Income through Diversification
Sh. Anil Kumar, resident of a small village
Kalri Nanhera in district Karnal, India was
associated with one of the ACIAR project
CIM/2006/094 entitled “enhancing farm
profitability in North West India and south
Australia by improving grain quality of wheat”. The
project was in operation at ICAR-Indian Institute of
Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal.
Under quality wheat production he started
organic farming of wheat and rice at his 5 acre
farm. In wheat he was growing C306 and WH 283
and in rice he was growing Dehradun basmati and
he was selling almost three times more than the
market rate. This way he was earning more by
producing less quantity at his organic farm. He
established a good brand name “Batan Farm” in
the niche market. He is a man of innovation and
has got hunger to do innovation at his farm. He
visited Southern Australia during October 11-16,
2010 under this project. During his visit to
Australia he was trained on value chain
development under the guidance of Dr. Randhir
Singh, Dr. Anuj Kumar and Dr. RK Gupta. He came
across a poly house structure growing cherry tomatoes while visiting Four Leaf Clover Farms and Organic
Flour Mill near Adelaide. He saw the structure from outside only but it fascinated him and the idea of
having his own poly house got seeded in his mind.
Under the Horticulture Mission, India he established a poly house in 2011 covering one acre
land. The total cost of the project was INR 37 lakh on which he got subsidy (65%) from the government
to encourage farmers. He planted 22000 Gerbera plants in one acre area. The plant costs Rs. 30/-. He
planted Gerbera in December 2012 and got produce in March 2013. On an average, he produces 40
flowers from one plant in one year and sells @ Rs. 2.5 per flower. The annual cost of production of the
whole area (one acre) is approximately Rs. 10,00,000. He could earn 6-7 lakh per annum from one acre
poly house for four successive years.
He markets flowers in Delhi, Chandigarh and very rarely in Karnal. He has also purchased a
vehicle to transport his produce in time. He has to start at 1.00 AM in the morning to sell his produce in
Delhi market at 4.00 AM. He has motivated fellow farmers in the area. Now Indri and Ladwa blocks have
become a hub for protected cultivation. They are growing cucumber, tomato, capsicum (green and
coloured). They have registered a firm “Green Biotech” in their name and now from the last two years
they are selling nursery to farmers. Sh. Sandeep Kumar, his friend is helping him in this endeavour and
they have a WhatsApp group of all farmers who are working on the same line. Success story of Sh. Anil

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Kumar is a talk of the town. One wonders how a simple visit can transform the life of a farmer and the
farming community.
Success Story of Fish farming
Mr. Sultan Singh, village Butana started fish farming in village pond at lease of Rs. 500.00 during
1983. He was inspired from a fisher, who caught fishes from village pond and sold in the urban market
and was earning Rs 300 to 400 per day during those days when labour wages were Rs. 40-50/day. First
time after interaction and get technical know-how from In-Charge, KVK, he had invested Rs. 21000 from
his saving and after 1.5 years he got return of Rs. 1.62 lakh. He was continuously doing fish farming in
village ponds (20 to 25 nos) upto 1986 against the preference of family and society. Subsequently, he
has developed own fish rearing and breading farm in 6 acre land. There is a record production of fish at
his farm, i.e. @ 63 kg/cubic meter in comparison to average production of 2.5 kg/ cubic meter. He is
rearing five species and supplying seed 20-30 million per annum to Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh
and Punjab states. He is now world renowned fish farmer and visited many countries, also imparted
training to foreign delegates/fish farmers. He has established good linkages with R& D organization such
as NDRI, CFTRI, HAU, PAU and NIFTEM. His son graduated in Engineering also involved in this business.
Now, they are linking production with processing and marketing. They are selling processed products
with the brand name ‘Sultan’- Fish Bite, tikka, fish finger and fish meal in Uttarakhand, Punjab and
Himachal Pradesh. They have engaged M.B.A graduates for designing marketing strategies before
entering into processing sector. The expansion of indoor aquaculture production (200x50 feet) with an
expenditure of Rs. 1.25 core has already initiated. The futuristic approach is application of neon-
technology in fishery sector. This required huge investment and hence looking for soft loan. He is of the
view that the present level of subsidy Rs. 20.00 lakh is meager amount for minimum 50 tonns
production. In case government could not extend the subsidy amount, there should be a provision of
loan at zero interest for promoting fishery on scientific lines.
Success story on Bee-Keeping
Mr. Naresh Saini, village Chorakhal had started beekeeping in 1990 with 11 boxes after getting
training from KVK. At present he has 2800 boxes. The approximated returns are to the tune of Rs. 30-32
lakh and expenditure is Rs. 20 lakh. He has shown concern that there is a problem of nectar because of
changing cropping pattern. Besides, forest department is promoting cloned safeda (Eucalyptus), which
do not have flowering and have to migrate in Riwari, Mahendergarh districts of Haryana and Chittorgarh
district of Rajasthan during mustard (Rabi) season and in Himachal Pradesh in Kharif season, resultant to
increase in transportation cost. It would be worth if state department keep record of bee keeper and
advise them suitable places for migration so as to curtail the logistic cost. Further, there is a huge
fluctuation in prices, ranged from Rs. 80 to 150 per kg. The prices are mostly controlled by big traders
and hence promotion of small scale processing units in the production catchments will help them to
realize better prices.

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Success story: Dairy enterprise
Success Story of Dairy Start-up
Sanjeev (age 42 years, education 10+2), a resident of village Nangla, Karnal has association with
KVK, NDRI since 2004. Mr. Sanjeev who along with his friends registered Mishti Farmers Producer Co. Ltd
and enrolled 270 farmers as member. He joined Entrepreneurship Development Programme organized
by BPD Unit of NDRI for the skill enhancement in 2013 and purchased the technology of Bajra lassi and
joined with SINED (TBI) as incubatee company for the manufacturing of bajra lassi and other dairy
products. Under the business incubation the company has started commercial production of bajra lassi,
whey drinks, sweets, ghee, butter, lassi and curd suing the plant & machinery available at SINED (TBI).
Thereafter launch the dairy products such as paneer and whey drink with a brand name ‘Misty’ in 2014.
Before this, he was in a private job during 2006 to 2010 and earning low salary of Rs. 4000 to 5000 per
month. He has also started mushroom cultivation and farming of baby corn and dhania but could not
found a profitable venture. He started with 20 liter milk processing per day and his firm is handling and
processing upto 5000 liter per day. The milk collected from 270 resource poor farmers is processed and
at present the company has 14 outlets in five district of Haryana. The net benefits are to the tune of Rs.
20.0 lakh per annum.

Success story of on Women SHG Dairy Processing Unit (Anmol Mahila Dugdh Samiti)
Anmol Mahila Dugdh Samiti (SHG)was established in Amritpur Kalan by the participation of 14
poor women. NDRI provided technical support and guidance in product diversification through regular
training sessions. They were trained on various aspects of clean milk production, testing of milk,
technological aspects of value added dairy products and marketing. The unit started functioning in
October, 2010, scaled up with time and currently processing around 250-500 L of milk per day. Recently,
the group has procured machineries including, bulk milk cooler, khoa making machine, curd incubator,
paneer press, packaging machine. The processing unit is presently handling 70-100 litres/day and milk is
converted in to milk product ( Such as Curd, Paneer, Whey drinks, Khoa, Gulab Jamun mix powder, Kulfi,
etc). Anmol is selling Paneer,Ghee,Whey drinks, Gulab Jamun Mix, Khoa and composite dairy foods. The
group is planning to purchase high yielding animals and efforts are being made to get finance from

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CANARA Bank,Gharounda under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) scheme with subsidy of
1.25 Lac for Anmol group. This way the farm women feel they are now much more empowered and they
have secured their livelihood

Success story of on Commercial Dairy Farming

Mr. Rajbir Singh (Arya Dairy Farm), Dadupur village started dairy enterprise in 2004-05 with five
cows and selling milk 20 liter per day. Now he has 135 cows and producing 2200 lt milk per day. He was
inspired after getting training from KVK, NDRI Karnal. Initially he face a problem of fodder but now he is
preparing silage and growing fodderin10 acre. The cost of milk production is approximately Rs. 22 per
liter and sale price at farm gate is Rs. 30 per liter. On an average he is earning Rs. 35 to 40 lakh per
annum. He has expressed his concern that some time he faced good quality semen and persons injecting
semen should be trained. There is a need of capacity building in this area to further improve upon the
conceiving rate.
Success story: Linking production with Post-Harvest and Processing
Success Story on Integrated Production and Post-Harvest Unit of Mushroom
Mrs. Seem Gulati, resident of village Kutail, Karnal and aluminous NDRI has started nursery of
ornamental plants in 2010 but could not get success. She has five acre of land and out of that she has
started mushroom production in half acre and established integrated pre-cooling, sorting and cold chain
facilities. She is also focusing on organic farming. Her emphasis is on energy conservation and hence she
installed solar power pump and suggested for provision of soft loan for promoting renewal energy
sources.
Success Story on Organic jaggery Production Unit
Mr. Rambhaj Kharab, a retired Agricultural Development Officer, has organic sugarcane farm
(rented) of 20 acre near Hansi, Hisar district of Haryana. A team of scientists of ICAR-AICRP on PHET,
Hisar and Luchknow centres has motivated for production of products from organic sugarcane and
guided for better marketing practices. Consequently, he has established Jaggery Unit in production
catchment under technical guidance of ICAR-IISR Lucknow Center of AICRP on PHET during 2014-15. It
has been realized by the entrepreneur that processing and value addition of sugarcane, and more
particularly of organic sugarcane have multidirectional benefits and have potential to double the farmer
income. It is clearly evident from a Jaggery production unit in production catchments, which involve

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fixed capital investment of Rs.9.75 lakh, able to earn profit of Rs. 3.06 lakh from processing of one
hectare of sugarcane, while, farmers are getting approximate gross returns of Rs. 1.87 lakh/ha by selling
sugarcane at existing prices @Rs. 300/q, and that too depends on timely payments by sugar industry.
Value addition was found to the tune of 204 % for jaggery production. The organic jaggary fetches high
prices to the tune of 2.5 times in comparison to inorganic jaggery in the domestic market. Interestingly,
such kind of postharvest interventions able to correct market inefficiencies, since there is no price
differential mechanism in existing market/sugar mills for organic and inorganic sugarcane. There are
further opportunities to go for product diversification such as production of granular jaggery and jaggey
cube (like sugar cube) which has export potential. High packaging cost and lack of quality testing lab
were found hindering factors for further expansion, as reported by the entrepreneur. He has suggested
for a niche market in the country for organic produce. Other learning lesson from this success story are
(i) Profit from jaggary unit is attracting youth, particularly sugarcane growers, as large number of farmer
have visited the unit and shown their interest (ii) entrepreneur established inter-institutional linkages
among SAU/ICAR and financing institutions.

A success story of an innovative manufacturer whose carrot washing machine catalysed traditional
cropping system to diversification
Crop diversification towards vegetable production is considered as a good mean to enhance
farmers income. It has been realized that lack of post-harvest equipment and machinery limit its
production. In this case study, it has been observed that post-harvest intervention/mechanization
contributes diversification and lead to enhance the income and employment in rural catchment. Sh.
Kishan Jangra (village Bahabalpur, Hisar), started repairer work of agricultural machinery in a rented
workshop on Bahabalpur bus, after getting diploma in of welding from I.T.I Hisar. In the year 1998, a
farmer Sh. Jai Singh and Sh. Rohtas introduced carrot cultivation while the area was dominated by crops

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like wheat and cotton. But they realized the problem of washing of carrot and asked Mr. Kishan Jangra
to design and manufacture a machine. He has developed 5-feet long carrot washing machine in year
2000 but it was batch type. The machine was successful and farmer namely Sh Gulab of village Bado
Patti requested Sh. Kishan for higher capacity machines. He visited CCS HAU, Hisar in connection with
scaling up this machine. He has been asked by Research Engineer (RE) of AICRP on Post-Harvest
Engineering and Technology (PHET), earlier (PHT), Hisar centre to display model of machine in
forthcoming Workshop of AICRP on PHET at ICAR-CIAE, Bhopal in Oct 2010. DDG (Engg) and a group of
scientists of AICRP on PHET appreciated and asked him to develop continuous type machine and also
assured full cooperation and scientific help.
With technical support of HOD & RE, Hisar Centre and PC (PHET) unit, ICAR, he could able to
design and manufactured continuous type carrot washing machine (12 feet) with a capacity of 120 q/h.
The benefits of machine was realized in terms of time saving, lowering unit cost of operation, drudgery
reduction, and premium price in market, as the carrots get shining due to rubbing action against each
other. Now, he has own workshop (ISO 9001) which was formerly inaugurated on August 1, 2013, in the
presence of Scientists of AICRP on PHET, ICAR-CIPHET Ludhiana and CCAHAU Hisar. The economic
indicators computed for continuous type carrot washer such as benefit cost ratio (1.6), breakeven point
(37.55%), and payback period 7 month 6 days, are found reasonably good. Gross economic benefits
(GEB) was estimated to the tune of Rs. 225 lakh/annum
The carrot washing machine is well received by carrot growing farmers of Haryana, Rajasthan,
Uttar Pradesh, etc. He has sold more than 100 machine and moreover new entrepreneurs ‘Sh Aman
Jangra’, nephew of Sh Kishan Jangra entered in this business. Intangible benefits in terms of increasing
area under carrot as a result of post-harvest intervention noticed. Farmers of villages Bahabalpur, Bado
Patti and Kheri Barkhi start cultivating carrots after intervention of this technology. Subsequently and
more importantly, the entrepreneurs in continuous collaboration with CCSHAU Hisar Centre of AICRP on
PHET, he has designed and developed combo machine

Carrot washing machine Combo Carrot washing with dehairing

(matching capacities of 70 q/h)

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 Learning lessons from farmers experiences
Sr. Technology/agronomic Benefits realized by farmers
No. practices
1. Protected cultivation a. Suitable for high value crops such as vegetables (capsicum, cucumber,
(polyhouse and net house) tomato) and flowers (rose, gerbera, lilium)
b. Vegetables productivity is almost double than open field
c. Higher prices due to market advantage of offseason
d. On an average Rs. 4 to 5 lakh profit per annum from one acre
cultivation.
2. Zero tillage and Seed drill a. Saving of Rs. 8000 to 10000 per acre
sowing Happy turbo seeder b. Approximately 40% cost saving
c. Happy Turbo Seeders, reduce problem of paddy straw burning and
improve productivity of next crop due to increase carbon content in
the soil.
3. Intercropping Intercropping can enhance income to the tune of 20 to 25 percent.
a. Garlic and Sugarcane
b. Sugarcane and pulses
c. Turmeric (Haldi) as intercrop.
4. Diversification Diversification can increase income to the tune of 0.75 to 1.0 lakh per
annum
a. Replacing paddy-wheat cropping pattern with pulses and oilseed
b. Vegetables (Coriander (Dhania) and spices such as turmeric (haldi)
c. Fodder crops such as Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.).
5. Seed production a. The prices of seed are almost double and hence, double the income
with same level of inputs.
b. Need specialised training for seed production and storage
6. Integrated farming a. Dairy, poultry and fishery are profitable and minimize risk
b. Income can be enhanced by 10-15 percent.
7. Organic farming Vermicompost and other source of organic farming able to save upto Rs.
2000 per acre.
Maintain soil health and quality production.
8. Technology and practices a. Selection of salt tolerant varieties, for paddy, CRS 30, CRS27, CRS 36
for saline and sodic soil and for wheat KRL 213 and KRL 210
b. Irrigation on critical stage and depending upon the weather conditions
c. Lower seed rate (i.e., 20-25 kg/acre) in case of wheat
d. Add gypsum
e. Intermediate crop (moong) in between paddy and wheat
f. The productivity enhanced by two times due to scientific
interventions.
9. Dairy a. One dairy farm with 100 cows (desi + HF) can earn approximately Rs.
1.0 to 1.2 lakh per month
b. Proper and timely services for insemination need to be provided.
c. Processing and value addition can add income upto 104 percent.
10. Poultry a. Profitable venture
b. Prices of egg during summer come down (Rs 2.6 during summer in
comparision to Rs. 3.30 during winter)
c. Poultry farmers seek financial help in the form of subsidy or soft loan

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11. Fishery a. Potential for increasing production (30 times)
b. Social benefits in terms of increasing Panchyat revenue. One an
average one village ponds on lease generate revenue approx. Rs. 2 to
2.5 lakh/annum)
c. Fish farmers may be supported by providing soft loan for technology
up-gradation.
12. Honey bee a. 500 boxes of honeybee can earn additional income of Rs. 5.0 lakh per
annum
b. 5 boxes require one acre
c. Rewari and Mahendergarh district are more suitable for honey bee
production
d. Desi Safeda (Eucalyptus) has more flowering than cloned safeda.
Hence, desi safeda should be planted along roadside to protect honey
bee farmers
e. Promotion of oilseeds crops will be boon for honey production
f. To maintain quality, extraction equipment and storage vessel should
be of food grade quality.
13. Mushroom a. Benefits from 20 t composite (area 0.5 acre) around Rs. 65000 with
traditional low cost technology and Rs. 3.0 lakh with modern
technology for equivalent composite
b. The unit should be established considering demand in the market.
14. Processing and value a. The benefits realised in terms of value addition (some times more
addition than 200 times) to farm produce, avoiding distress sale, preventing
post-harvest losses, etc.
b. One agro processing centre(APC) consisting of flour mill, oil expeller,
masala grinder able to income around Rs. 12 to 15 lakh per annum
and provide employment to 2 persons for a period of 340 days.

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