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Phone: 0141-2348647 Mob. : +91-9799435640 / 9166936207

Test Paper : Environmental Engineering & Estimation & Valuation Date: 08.11.2015

1. The hourly variation factor for water demand is usually taken as

(a) 1.5
(b) 1.8
(c) 2.0
(d) 2.7

2. If the average daily consumption of a city is 100,000 m3, the maximum daily

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consumption on peak hourly demand will be
a) 100000 m3
b) 150000 m3
c) 180000 m3

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d) 270000 m3

3. The distribution mains are designed for

(a) maximum daily demand (b) maximum hourly demand
(c) average daily demand (d) maximum hourly demand on maximum day
h.
4. As compared to geometrical increase method of forecasting population, arithmetical
increase method gives
(a) lesser value (b) higher value
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(c) same value (d) accurate value

5. The population of a town in three consecutive years are 5000,7000 and 8400
respectively. The population of the town in the fourth consecutive year according to
geometrical increase method is
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(a) 9500 (b) 9800 (c) 10100 (d) 10920

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6. The suitable method of forecasting population for a young and rapidly increasing city
is
(a) arithmetical increase method (b) geometrical increase method
(c) incremental increase method (d) graphical method

7. Which of the following is not a water borne disease

(a) dysentery (b) cholera (c) typhoid (d) maleria

8. The most common cause of acidity in water is

(a) carbon dioxide (b) oxygen (c) hydrogen (d) nitrogen

9. Standard EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) solution is used to determine the
(a) hardness in water (b) turbidity in water
(c) dissolved oxygen in water (d) residual chlorine in water
 10. If the coliform bacteria is present in a sample of water, then the coliform test to be
conducted is
(i) presumptive coliform test (ii) confirmed coliform test
(iii) completed coliform test
the correct answer is
(a) only (i) (b) both (i) and (ii) (C) both (i) and (iii) (d) all (i), (ii) and (iii)

11. Alkalinity in water in water is expressed as milligrams per litre in terms of equivalent
(a) calcium carbonate
(b) magnesium carbonate
(c) sodium carbonate
(d) calcium hydroxide

12. The product of H+ ions and OH- ions in a stronger alkali is

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(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 10-1 (d) 10-14

13. Turbidity is measured on

(a) standard silica scale
(b) standard cobalt scale
(c) standard platinum scale
(d) platinum cobalt scale
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14. On standard silica scale, the turbidity in drinking water should be limited to
h.
(a) 10 ppm
(b) 20 ppm
(c) 30 ppm
(d) 50 ppm
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15. Residual chlorine in water is determined by

(a) starch iodide method
(b) orthotolidine method
(c) both (a) and (b)
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(d) none of the above

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16. If the total hardness of water is greater then its total alkalinity, the carbonate hardness
will be equal to
(a) total alkalinity
(b) total hardness
(c) total hardness – total alkalinity
(d) non carbonate hardness

17. The amount of residual chlorine left in public water supply for safety against
pathogenic bacteria is about
(a) 0.01 to 0.05 ppm
(b) 0.05 to 0.5 ppm
(c) 0.5 to 1.0 ppm
(d) 1.0 to 5.0 ppm
 18. Percentage of bacterial load that can be removed from water by the process of plain
sedimentation is about
(a) 10 to 25
(b) 50
(c) 75
(d) 100

19. The settling velocity of a particle in a sedimentation tank depends on

(a) depth of tank
(b) surface area of tank
(c) both depth and surface area of tank
(d) none of the above

20. The settling velocity of a particle in a sedimentation tank increases if

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(a) particle size is decreased
(b) the surface area of tank is increased
(c) the depth of tank is decreased
(d) none of the above

(a) increasing the depth of tank

(b) decreasing the depth of tank co
21. For a given discharge, the efficiency of sedimentation tank can be increased by

(c) increasing the surface area of tank

h.
(d) decreasing the surface area of tank

22. The detention period and overflow rate respectively for plain sedimentation as
compared to sedimentation with coagulation are generally
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(a) less and more

(b) less and less
(c) more and less
(d) more and more
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23. Alum as a coagulant is found to be most effective when pH range of water is

(a) 2 to 4
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(b) 4 to 6
(c) 6 to 8
(d) 8 to 10

24. The detention period in coagulation tanks is usually kept as

(a) 1 to 2 minutes
(b) 30 to 45 minutes
(c) 2 to 6 hours
(d) 2 to 6 days

25. The alum, when added as a coagulant in water

(a) does not require alkalinity in water for flocculation
(b) does not affect pH value of water
(c) increases pH value of water
(d) decreases pH value of water
 26. The chemical most commonly used to increase speed of sedimentation of sewage is
(a) sulphuric acid
(b) copper sulphate
(c) lime
(d) sodium permanganate

27. The rate of filtration in slow sand filters in million litres per day per hectare is about
(a) 50 to 60
(b) 100 to 150
(c) 500 to 600
(d) 1400 to 1500

28. The effective size of sand particles used in slow sand filters is
(a) 0.25 to 0.35 mm

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(b) 0.35 to 0.60 mm
(c) 0.60 to 1.00 mm
(d) 1.00 to 1.80 mm

(ii) higher filtration rate

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29. As compared to rapid sand filters, slow sand filters give
(i) slower filtration rate

(iii) lesser efficiency in removal of bacteria

(iv) higher efficiency in removal of bacteria
h.
The correct answer is
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
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(d) (ii) and (iv)

30. Air binding phenomena in rapid sand filters occur due to

(a) excessive negative head
(b) mud ball formation
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(c) higher turbidity in the effluent

(d) low temperature
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31. The percentage of filtered water, which is used for backwashing in rapid sand filters,
is about
(a) 0.2 to 0.4
(b) 0.4 to 1.0
(c) 2 to 4
(d) 5 to 7

32. The rate of filtration of pressure filters is

(a) less than that of slow sand filters
(b) in between the filtration rate of slow sand filters and rapid sand filters
(c) greater than that of rapid sand filters
(d) equal to that of slow sand filters
 33. chlorine demand of water is equal to
(a) applied chlorine
(b) residual chlorine
(c) sum of applied and residual chlorine
(d) difference of applied and residual chlorine

34. The process in which the chlorination is done beyond the break point is known as
(a) pre chlorination
(b) post chlorination
(c) super chlorination
(d) break point chlorination

35. The treatment of water with bleaching powder is known as

(a) pre chlorination
(b) super chlorination

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(c) de chlorination
(d) hypo chlorination

36. The suitable method for disinfection of swimming pool water is

(a) ultra violet rays treatment
(b) lime treatment

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(c) by using potassium permanganate
(d) chlorination
h.
37. Which of the following chemical compounds can be used for dechlorination of water?
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) bleaching powder
(c) sulphur dioxide
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(d) chloramines

38. In lime-soda process

(a) only carbonate hardness is removed
(b) only non-carbonate hardness is removed
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(c) lime reduces the carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the non-carbonate
hardness
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(d) lime reduces the non-carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the carbonate
hardness

39. The type of valve which is provided to control the flow of water in the distribution
system at street corners and where the pipe lines intersect is
(a) check valve
(b) sluice valve
(c) safety valve
(d) scour valve

40. The major disadvantage of lime soda process of water softening is that
(a) it is unsuitable for turbid and acidic water
(b) huge amount of precipitate is formed which creates a disposal problem
(c) the effluent cannot be reduced to zero hardness
(d) it is unsuitable for softening the water of excessive hardness
 41. A sewer which receives the discharge of a number of house sewers is called :
(a) house sewer (b) lateral sewer
(c) intercepting sewer (d) submain sewer

42. Which of the following sewers is preferred for combined system of sewage?
(a) circular sewer
(b) egg shaped sewer
(c) rectangular sewer
(d) none of the above

43. The suitable system of sanitation for area of distributed rainfall throughout the year
with less intensity is
(a) separate system
(b) combined system

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(c) partially separate system
(d) partially combined system

44. The specific gravity of sewage is

(a) much greater than 1
(b) slightly less than 1
(c) equal to 1
(d) slightly greater than 1 co
h.
45. The self cleansing velocity for all sewers in India is usually
(a) less than 1.0 m/sec
(b) 1.0 m/sec to 1.2 m/sec
(c) 1.5 m/sec to 2.0 m/sec
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(d) 3.0 m/sec to 3.5 m/sec

46. The slope of sewer shall be

(a) given in the direction of natural slope of ground
(b) given in the direction opposite to natural slope of ground
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(c) zero
(d) steeper than 1 in 20
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47. The design discharge for the separate sewer system shall be taken as
(a) equal to dry weather flow (DWF)
(b) 2× DWF
(c) 3× DWF
(d) 6× DWF

48. The minimum and maximum diameters of sewers shall preferably be

(a) 15 cm and 100 cm
(b) 15 cm and 300 cm
(c) 30 cm and 450 cm
(d) 60 cm and 300 cm
 49. Most suitable section of sewer in separate sewage system is
(a) rectangular section
(b) circular section
(c) standard from of egg shape sewer
(d) modified egg shaped section

50. An egg shaped section of sewer

(a) is economical than circular section
(b) provides self cleansing velocity at low discharges
(c) is more stable than circular section
(d) is easy to construct

51. The hydraulic mean depth (HMD) for an egg-shaped sewer flowing two third full is
(a) equal to HMD when flowing full

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(b) less than HMD when flowing full
(c) greater than HMD when flowing full
(d) none of the above

(b) to increase it
(c) fluctuating
(d) nil
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52. The effect of increasing diameter of sewer on the self cleansing velocity is
(a) to decrease it
h.
53. The type of sewer which is suitable for both combined and separate system is
(a) circular sewer
(b) egg shaped sewer
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(c) horse - shoe type sewer

(d) semi-elliptical sewer

54. The characteristic of fresh and septic sewage respectively are

(a) acidic and alkaline
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(b) alkaline and acidic

(c) both acidic
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(d) both alkaline

55. The pathogens can be killed by

(a) nitrification
(b) chlorination
(c) oxidation
(d) none of the above

56. Setting velocity increases with

(a) specific gravity of solid particles
(b) size of particles
(c) depth of tank
(d) temperature of liquid
 57. Standard BOD is measured at
(a) 20oC – 1 day
(b) 25oC – 3 day
(c) 20oC – 5 day
(d) 30oC –5 day

58. The correct relation between theoretical oxygen demand (TOD), Biochemical oxygen
demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) is given by
(a) TOD>BOD>COD
(b) TOD>COD>BOD
(c) BOD>COD>TOD
(d) COD>BOD>TOD

59. Select the correct statement

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(a) 5 days BOD is the ultimate BOD
(b) 5 days BOD is greater than 4 days BOD keeping other conditions same
(c) 5 days BOD is less than 4 days BOD keeping other conditions same
(d) BDO does not depend on time

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60. The rate of BOD exerted at any time is
(a) directly proportional to BOD satisfied
(b) directly proportional to BOD remaining
(c) inversely proportional to BOD satisfied
h.
(d) inversely proportional to BOD remaining

61. The ratio of 5 day BOD to ultimate BOD is about

(a) 1/3
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(b) 2/3
(c) 3/4
(d) 1.0

62. In a BOD test, 1.0 ml of raw sewage was diluted to 100 ml and the dissolved oxygen
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concentration of diluted sample at the beginning was 6 ppm and it was 4 ppm at the
end of 5 days incubation at 20o C. The BOD of raw sewage will be
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(a) 100 ppm

(b) 200 ppm
(c) 300 ppm
(d) 400 ppm

63. The minimum dissolved oxygen which should always be present in water in order to
save the aquatic life is
(a) 1 ppm
(b) 4 ppm
(c) 10 ppm
(d) 40 ppm
 64. Facultative bacteria are able to work in
(a) presence of oxygen only
(b) absence of oxygen only
(c) presence as well as in absence of oxygen
(d) presence of water

65. Septic tank is a

(i) settling tank (ii) digestion tank (iii) aeration tank
The correct answer is
(a) only (i)
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (i) and (iii)
(d) only (iii)

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66. The pipe which is used to carry the discharge from sanitary fittings like bathrooms,
kitchens etc. is called
(a) waste pipe
(b) soil pipe
(c) vent pipe
(d) antisiphonage pipe

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67. The maximum velocity occurs in an egg shaped sewer when the ratio of depth of flow
to vertical diameter is
h.
(a) 0.33
(b) 0.50
(c) 0.81
(d) 0.95
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68. Ozone layer in the upper atmosphere is getting destroyed owing to its reaction with
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) hydrogen peroxide
(c) oxides of nitrogen
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(d) chlorofluorocarbons
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69. The intensification of green house effect is attributed to the increased level of
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) carbon monoxide
(c) chlorofluorocarbons
(d) sulphur dioxides

70. Electrostatic precipitators are used as pollution control device for the separation of
(a) So2
(b) Nox
(c) hydrocarbon
(d) particulate matter
 71. Select the secondary air pollutants among the following :
(a) ozone and carbon monoxide
(b) peroxy-acyl-nitrate (PAN) and ozone
(c) peroxy-acyl-nitrate (PAN) and carbon monoxide
(d) carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide

72. The primary pollutant caused by incomplete combustion of organic matter is

(a) ozone
(b) carbon monoxide
(c) sulphur dioxide
(d) none of the above

73. Select the primary air pollutants among the following :

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(a) sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
(b) ozone and carbon monoxide
(c) sulphur dioxide and ozone
(d) nitrogen oxide and ozone

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74. The specified standard under US Ambient Air Quality standards for SO2, NO2 and CO
respectively are
(a) 100 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 10 mg/m3 , 80 𝜇𝜇g/m3
(b) 80 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 100 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 50 𝜇𝜇g/m3
(c) 100 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 80 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 10 mg/m3
h.
(d) 80 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 100 𝜇𝜇g/m3 , 10 mg/m3

75. The specified standard for SO2 under US Ambient Air Quality standards is 80 𝜇𝜇g/m3.
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This is approximately equivalent to

(a) 0.03 ppm
(b) 0.05 ppm
(c) 0.08 ppm
(d) 8 ppm
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76. The depletion of ozone in the outer atmosphere may result in increased
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(a) heart attack cases

(b) skin cancer cases
(c) asthma cases
(d) none of above

77. The standard 5-day BOD at 20o C, when compared to ultimate BOD is about
(A) 60% (B) 68% (C) 80% (D) 90%

78.The global warming is caused mainly by

(A) NOx (B) SOx (C) CO2 (D) O2
 79. For batching 1: 2 : 4 concrete mix by volume the ingredients required per bag(50 kg)
of cement are
(A) 100 litres of fine aggregate : 140 litres of coarse aggregate
(B) 100 kg of fine aggregate : 200 kg of coarse aggregate
(C) 70 kg of fine aggregate : 140 kg of coarse aggregate
(D) 70 litres of fine aggregate : 140 litres of coarse aggregate

80. The damp proof course (D.P.C) of uniform thickness in a building having walls of
different widths is measured in
(A) m4 (B) m3 (C) m2 (D) m

81. The plan of a building is in the form of a rectangle with centre line dimensions of the
outer walls as 10.3 m × 15.3 m . The thickness of the walls in superstructure is 0.3 m.

m
Then its carpet area is
(A) 150 m2 (B) 157.59 m2 (C) 165.36 m2 (D) 170 m2

82. Pick up the item of work not included in the plinth area estimate.
(A) Wall thickness (B) Room area

83. A work costing rs. 20000 is termed as

(A) petty work
(C) major work
(B) minor work co
(D) minor project
(C) Veranda area (D) Courtyard area
h.
84.The density of cement is taken to be
(A)1000 kg/m3 (B)1250 kg/m3
(C)1440 kg/m3 (D)1800 kg/m3
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85.The value of the property at the end of its useful life (without being dismantled) is
known as
(A) salvage value (B) scrap value
(C) book value (D) junk value
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86. Volume by trapezoidal formula method is determined by the formula.

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A0+An
(A) D � + A2 + A4 + A6 + ⋯ + A(n − 1)�
2
A1+An
(B) 𝐷𝐷{ + 𝐴𝐴0 + 𝐴𝐴1 + 𝐴𝐴3 + ⋯ 𝐴𝐴(𝑛𝑛 − 1)
2
A0+A1
(C) 𝐷𝐷{ + 𝐴𝐴1 + 𝐴𝐴3 + 𝐴𝐴5 … 𝐴𝐴(𝑛𝑛 − 1)
2
A0+An
(D) 𝐷𝐷 � + 𝐴𝐴1 + 𝐴𝐴2 + 𝐴𝐴3 + 𝐴𝐴4 + … 𝐴𝐴(𝑛𝑛 − 1)�
2

87.The annual instalment (I) of the sinking fund (S) over n years , at i rate of interest may
be calculated form the formula.
(A) I= Si/(1+i)n-1 (B) I= S(1+i)n-1/i
(C) I= S(1+i)n+1/(1+i) (D) I= Si/(1+i)n+1
 88. Most accurate method of estimation is based on
(A) building cost index estimate
(B) plinth area estimate
(C) detailed estimate
(D) cube rate estimate

89.The following document contains detailed description of all items of work excluding
their quantities, alone with the current rates:
(A) analysis of rates
(B) tender document
(C) abstract estimate
(D) schedule of rates

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90.The floor area includes the area of the balcony upto :
(A) 25% (B) 85% (C) 75% (D) 50%

91. Weight of one log of cement is :

(A) 70 kg

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(B) 50 kg (C) 60 kg (D) 65 kg

92.The plan of a building is in the form of square with centreline dimension of outer walls
as 14.7 m x 14.7 m. If the thickness of the wall in superstructure is 0.30 m, then its
plinth area is:
h.
(a) 234 m2 (b) 150 m2 (c) 216 m2 (d) 225 m2

93.The value of property during its useful life based on purchase value and depreciations
etc. is known as.
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(a) junk value (b) salvage value

(c) scrap value (d) book value

94. Thickness of plastering is usually:

(a) 40 mm (B) 6 mm (c)12 mm (d)25 mm
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95. The correct prismoidal formula for volume calculation is:

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𝐷𝐷
(a) ) (fist section area + last section area + 2Seven numbered section area + 4Sodd
6
numbered section areas)
(b) D(fist section area + last section area + Seven numbered section area+2Sodd
numbered section areas)
𝐷𝐷
(c) [first section area + last section area +4SEven numbered section area+2Sodd
3
numbered section areas
𝐷𝐷
(d) [first section area + last section area +2SEven numbered section area+4Sodd
3
numbered section areas

96. Using straight line method annual depreciation D is equal to :

(a) (life in year – scrap value) /original cost
(b) (scrap value - life in year)/original cost
(c) (original cost- life in year)/ scrap value
(d) (original cost- scrap value)/ life in year
 97.BOD test is conducted at a temperature of :
(a) ambient temperature (b)150c
(c) 200C (d)270 C

98. The woodworks should be measured to nearest

(A) 0.001 m (B) 0.002 m
(C) 0.003 m (D) 0.004 m

99. For 15 mm thick cement plastering 1: 6 on 100 sq.m. new brick work, the quantity of
cement required is
(A) 0.200 m3 (B) 0.247 m3 (C) 0.274 m3 (D) 0.343 m3

100. Number of modular bricks required for one cubic metre of brick masonry are
(A) 400 (B) 450 (C) 550 (D) 500

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101.If 'i' is the rate of interest expressed in decimal and 'n' is the number of years, then
coefficient of annual sinking find, Ie is
(A) Ie = [(I+i)n-1]/(1+i) -1
(B) Ie = i/[(1+i)n-1]
(C) Ie = i/[(1-i)n +1]
(D) Ie = i/[(1+i)n +1]

(A) 0.01 ppm (B) 0.01 ppb

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102. The permissible limit of arsenic in drinking water as per the guidelines WHO is
(C) 0.05 ppm (D) 0.05 ppb
h.
103. Which one of the following sequences is the most suitable for treating raw surface
water to make it suitable for drinking purpose ?
(A) screening -> filtration -> sedimentation->disinfection
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(B) screening -> disinfection -> sedimentation -> filtration

(C) screening -> sedimentation -> disinfection -> filtration
(D) screening -> sedimentation -> filtration -> disinfection

104.The population of a town as per census records were 200000, 210000 and 230000 for
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the years 1981, 1991 and 2001 respectively. The population of the town as per
geometric mean method in the year 2009 is
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(A) 244872 (B) 245872 (C) 246820 (D) none of the above

105. The maximum permissible limit for fluoride in drinking water is :

A) 0.1 mg/l
B) 1.5 mg/l
C) 5 mg/l
D) 10 mg/l

106. Primary treatment of sewage consist of :

(A) Removal of floating materials
(B) Removal of sand and grit
(C) Removal of organic materials
(D) All of above
 107. Air valves in a distribution system are provided at:
(A) Dead ends in the water distribution system
(B) Junction of main and branch pipes
(C) Summit points on water mains
(D) Places where the pressure is minimum

108. The distribution system in water supplies is designed on the basis of:
(A) average daily demand
(B) peak hourly demand
(C) coincident of draft
(D) greater of (B) and (C)

109. A manhole is generally provided at each:

(A) bend

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(B) junction
(C) change of gradient
(D) all of above

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Gastroenteritis
Mottled teeth
Polio
None of the above
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110. Nitrates more than 45 mg/l in water lead to disease called :
h.
111. The most reliable estimate is:
(A) plinth area estimate
(B) detailed estimate
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(C) preliminary estimate

(D) cube rate estimate

112. The unit of measurement is per quintal for:

(A) collapsible gates with rails
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(B) rolling shutters

(C) expanded metal wire netting
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(D) reinforcement of R.C.C works

113. Floor Area Ratio (F.A.R.) means:

 114. The damp proof course is measured in:
A) length
B) area
C) volume
D) weight

115. The cross-section of a strip footing is shown below:

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All dimensions are in mm.

The quantity of BFS under the footing per meter length is

(A) 0.750 cu.m

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(B) 0.750 sq.m (C) 0.056 cu.m

116. The detention period for oxidation ponds is usually kept as:
(a) 4-8 hour
(b) 24 hours
(D) 0.056 sq.m
h.
(c) 10 to 15 days
(d) 3 month

117. If d be the diameter of MS or tor steel bars in mm, the standard weight (in kg.)
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per meter of the bar is

(A) 0.00618 d2
(B) 0.00618 d
(C) 0.00816 d2
(D) 0.00816 d
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118.
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The above figure represents plan and section of an excavation layout. The volume of
earthwork in excavation of foundation trench is

(A) 6.526 cu.m.

(B) 8.064 cu.m.
(C) 8.832 cu.m.
(D) 9.600 cu.m.
Answer Key:

1.(a) 2.(d) 3.(d) 4.(a) 5.(d) 6.(b) 7.(d) 8.(a) 9.(a) 10.(d) 11.(a) 12.(d) 13.(a)
14.(a) 15.(c) 16.(a) 17.(b) 18.(c) 19.(b) 20.(d) 21.(c) 22.(c) 23.(c) 24.(c)
25.(d) 26.(c) 27.(a) 28.(a) 29.(c) 30.(a) 31.(c) 32.(c) 33.(d) 34. (c) 35.(d)
36.(a) 37.(c) 38.(c) 39.(b) 40.(b) 41.(b) 42.(b) 43.(b) 44.(d) 45.(b) 46.(a)
47.(d) 48.(b) 49.(b) 50.(b) 51.(c) 52.(b) 53.(b) 54.(b) 55.(b) 56.(c) 57.(c)
58.(b) 59.(b) 60.(b) 61.(b) 62.(b) 63.(b) 64.(c) 65.(b) 66.(a) 67. (c) 68.(d)
69.(a) 70.(d) 71.(b) 72.(b) 73.(a) 74.(d) 75.(a) 76.(b) 77.(b) 78.(c) 79.(b)
80.(c) 81.(a) 82.(d) 83.(a) 84.(c) 85.(a) 86.(d) 87.(a) 88.(c) 89.(d) 90.(a)

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91.(b) 92.(c) 93.(d) 94.(c) 95.(d) 96.(d) 97.(c) 98.(b) 99.(d) 100.(d) 101.(b)
102.(a) 103.(d) 104.() 105.(b) 106.(b) 107.(c) 108.(d) 109.(d) 110.(d)
111.(b) 112.(d) 113.(c) 114.(b) 115.(c) 116.(c) 117.(a) 118.(b)

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