You are on page 1of 6

I.

INTRODUCTION

Family is a basic unit of study in many medical and social science


disciplines. Definitions of family have varied from country to country, and
also within country. The family is a basic unit of study in many social
science disciplines, such as sociology, psychology, economics,
anthropology, social psychiatry, and social work. It is also a unit of study
in the medical sciences especially in understanding the epidemiology and
the natural history of diseases (Sharma, 2013). The family unit –
principally a man and a woman living together in harmony and peace – is
and always will be the basic social organization or unit of any society.

The family is the most important social unit of society. This is a fact
that everyone must learn. The family is not only the basic societal unit.
It is also the basic sexual unit, the basic child-raising unit, the basic
communication unit, and the basic all-around fun and friendship unit
(Wilson, 2013). It also forms the basic unit for family medicine. Census
definitions of family have varied from country to country and also from
census to census within country. The word household has often been used
as a replacement for family. The UNESCO report stated that a family is a
kinship unit and that even when its members do not share a common
household, the unit may exist as a social reality. This definition may be
too broad to serve the purpose of identification of a family unit for the
purpose of assessment as a factor in variables such as health.

Family nursing is a part of the primary care provided to patients of


all ages, ranging from infant to geriatric health. Nurses assess the health
of the entire family to identify health problems and risk factors, help
develop interventions to address health concerns, and implement the
interventions to improve the health of the individual and family. Family
nurses often work with patients through their whole life cycle. This helps
foster a strong relationship between health care provider and patient
(Peteprin, 2016). Family nursing is not as much patient-centered care as
it is centered on the care of the family unit. It also takes a team approach
to health care.

In the course of the family care assessment, it has been found that
Adarna family incurred problems regarding environmental sanitation.
Environmental Health is concerned with preventing illness through
managing the environment and by changing people's behavior to reduce

1
exposure to biological and non-biological agents of disease and injury. It
is concerned primarily with effects of the environment to the health of the
people. Per assessment it was found that the Adarna family gives low
attention to environmental sanitation. According to the WHO Director-
General Dr. Margaret Chan "Sanitation is a cornerstone of public health".
"Improved sanitation contributes enormously to human health and well-
being, especially for girls and women. We know that simple, achievable
interventions can reduce the risk of contracting diarrheal disease by a
third". Ann M. Veneman, UNICEF Executive Director said that “Nearly 40%
of the world’s population lacks access to toilets, and the dignity and safety
that they provide". “The absence of adequate sanitation has a serious
impact on health and social development, especially for children.
Investments in improving sanitation will accelerate progress towards the
Millennium Development Goals and save lives” (WHO & UNICEF, 2008).

Health problems result from the lack of sanitation facilitates,


especially among the urban poor living in overcrowded informal
settlements which is greatly affects to their health. Environmental poor
sanitation, globally an estimated 2000 under the age of five die every day
from diseases and these some 1800 deaths are linked to water, sanitation
and hygiene (United Nations International Children Emergency Fund). In
the Philippines, an estimated 25% of Filipinos do not have improved
sanitation, translating to more than 24 million people. (UNICEF WHO
Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation 2012).

For the clinical case, Mrs. E of the Adarna family was found to be
suffering from Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus Type II. Hypertension
and Diabetes Mellitus are chronic medical conditions that frequently
coexist. Having diabetes can increase risk of developing hypertension and
other cardiovascular problems, because diabetes adversely affects the
arteries. The combination of hypertension and diabetes can be lethal, and
together they can increase the risk of a heart attack or stroke.

2
A. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The proponents’ case study focuses on patients who are at risk with
problems in perception, coordination, immunologic and inflammatory
processes.

The patient’s case assessment provides the appropriate series of


interventions and support to the said patient. It is a process that gains a
greater understanding of the patient’s history and needs. This assessment
is culturally sensitive, individualized and developed in partnership with
the patient’s family member for the progression of interventions given to
the patient.

The proponents were assigned to look out for a patient at risk at Brgy.
Panadtalan, Maramag Bukidnon. They targeted a patient at Purok-6A and
6B with the advice given to us by the Barangay Health Workers (BHWs)
who are known in their barangay as patient who is at risk with problems
in perception, coordination, immunologic and inflammatory processes. As
per observed and examined, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were
taken into account. The proponents’ assessment focuses on the problem
they have diagnosed, a diagnosis in line with their field of expertise.

3
B. OBJECTIVES

General Objectives

At the end of the four (4) weeks of family nursing care management
through the use of the nursing process, the students will be able to utilize
critical thinking to integrate knowledge and skills from the sciences,
humanities and arts related to nursing practice with individuals, families,
and the community in general, within the context of life long lived
experiences. Moreover, they will be able to make clinical judgments and
decisions to their patient, her family and community as a whole according
to their lived experiences. Lastly, they will be able to develop the attitudes
of competence, comprehensiveness and confidentiality by creating a
community case that could be a source of nursing research, management
and education.

Specific Objectives

Knowledge:

 Identify the patient and family’s developmental stage and compare


the task attained by the expected task achieved base on the theory
 Identify health problems that can be a threat in attaining optimum
health
 Present a comprehensive family genogram
 Trace the family web to make a corresponding legend that will show
the status hereditary disease, present and past condition of the
family
 Trace the health history of the client and his family by collecting
information both of the past and present illness
 Trace the pathophysiology of the patient’s medical condition through
the signs, symptoms manifested and laboratory results
 Prioritize the health problems observed upon assessment
 Formulate therapeutic patient and family nursing care plans based
on the described problems
 Formulate appropriate health teachings to the patient regarding
importance of adherence to diet and medication regimen
 Evaluate changes in condition after giving interventions

4
 Identify the implications of this case study to nursing research,
education and practice

Skills:

 Acquire the necessary information about the client and formulate


the family initial database
 Perform physical assessment to the patient and his family
systematically
 Assess the house and sanitary condition of their environment
 Assess the health condition of each member of the family
 Impart knowledge to the family for them to be self-reliant
 Educate the client and family regarding the importance of
environmental sanitation
 Communicate effectively in identifying the needs of the patient
 Implement nursing care plans appropriately
 Reassess patient to determine whether a re-modification of care
plan is necessary

Attitude:

 Develop awareness of the needs and emotions of the patient and his
family
 Establish a nurse-client relationship to the client, as well as to the
family by rendering therapeutic nurse-client relationship
 Exhibit culturally sensitive approach to the patient when dealing
with their own opinions and ideas
 Appreciate the manifestations of the patient’s signs and symptoms
to the underlying pathophysiologic process
 Observe confidentiality on patient’s data
 Develop sensitive attitude and open-mindedness to listen any
criticism

5
C. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The proponents have conducted a study to identify the remediating


risk factors and nutritional assessment of our specific client who had
undergone hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and in order to determine
what would be the best and appropriate nursing interventions for the
client and his family. This study would only focus on the information
gathered from the patient.

Different methods and instruments were used in the data gathering of the
said study as follows:

 Home visit and Interview, where in the proponents had the


opportunity to build rapport towards the client through therapeutic
communications and proper interaction. This allowed the
proponents to gather verbal and objective cues from the client and
assessed the home environment of the client whether it is
appropriate to the existing condition or conducive to health
 Head-to-toe Assessment, using IPPA (Inspection, Palpation,
Percussion, Auscultation) to identify any abnormalities in different
system of the body and other preventable complications in the
health status of the client by means of thorough physical
assessment
 Direct measurement of nutritional status, and;
 Follow up Visits

You might also like