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HOW 
TO PRESERVE THE 
ENVIRONMENT 
___ 

By Tariah Tamunobirinengi 

INTRODUCTION 
The Environment refers to the natural world, the surrounding which consist of the Air, Water 
and Land on which humans, animal and plant live. 

To preserve the environment is to protect, to keep safe the environment and its content from 
harm.  

The environment is in danger due to pollution. Pollution is founded from a latin word 
“Polluere” meaning to contaminate. Therefore, to preserve the environment is to keep away 
contamination (pollution) from it. 

 
  

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Classification of the Environment  

For simplicity sake i will classify the environment into three major categories.  

● Air 
● Water  
● Land 

To preserve the environment is the preserve these three classifications from contamination. 

“the environment (air, water, land) is one body any effect in one affects all”...Tariah. 

Air Pollution  
Air pollution means the contamination of the atmosphere in such a way that it causes harm to 
the environment and its inhabitants. 

SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION  

Can be classified into two major groups: 

● Natural Source: this includes wind blown dust, tornado, wildfire, volcanoes, etc. 
● Human Source: this includes wood burning, and other activities by human which could 
be gaseous emissions from: 
○ Mobile Sources: which includes cars, buses, planes, rocket, trains, etc. 
○ Stationary Sources: which includes power plants, crude oil refineries, industrial 
facilities and factories. 

HOW TO PRESERVE THE AIR 

1. having shade trees planted in residential areas. 

2. by increasing forestry and protecting it. 
3. industries should be placed long distance from residential areas. 
4. smoke free furnace should be encouraged.  
5. more electric engines should be used. 
6. recycle materials which production causes pollution to the environment.  
7. cleaning smokestacks and exhaust pipes regularly.  
8. Green Energy Sources or Renewable sources of Electricity. for example, wind energy. 
geothermal energy. solar energy, hydro power. 
  

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9. replacing energy consumption bulbs to energy saving bulbs, this means less energy 
which means less pollution from power plant. 
10. government policies.  

Water Pollution 
This means the contamination of water with impurities which could be physical, chemical or 
biological.  

SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION  

There are many causes of water pollution but i will classify it into two major groups, which can 
be:  

● Natural Source of water pollution: these are the contaminant that enters the water 
supply chain from the soil. and also from the atmosphere. (Atmospheric contamination 
are derived from human practice such as gaseous pollution as already discussed above.  
● Humans and Animals Source of water pollution: these includes contamination from 
effluent outfall from factories, refineries waste treatment plants. The residue of human, 
agricultural activities, etc 

HOW TO PRESERVE THE WATER 

1. proper treatment of domestic and municipal effluent. 

2. domestic waste and sewage can be rightly mixed with the soil to increase fertility of the 
soil. 
3. preventing chemical runoff and crude oil spills. 
4. protect the marine environment from ship pollution. 
5. surface runoff of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides and fertilisers into water bodies 
should be reduced by using organic fertilisers. 
6. gutters should use filters to prevent trash. 
7. proper disposal of industrial and domestic waste. 
8. the rainwater can be stored and be used to water lawns and gardens to help conserve 
water. 

Land Pollution  
This is the contamination of the ground, land or soil. 
  

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SOURCES OF LAND POLLUTION  

This can be categories into two major groups. which could be:  

● Natural Factors : this includes volcanic eruption, earthquake,changes in rainfall pattern, 

wind and glacier movement. 
● Human Activities : which includes deforestation, unprofessional agricultural practice, 
excreta of birds,animal and humans, acidic rain( which is caused as a result of air 
pollution), dispose toxic chemicals in solid or liquid form by industries and factories, 
explosive devices. etc 

HOW TO PRESERVE THE LAND 

1. proper land use and management.  

2. proper disposal of industrial waste. 
3. control the use of chemical fertilisers, insecticides, pesticides and herbicides. 
4. electronic waste (Computers, television, wires, etc) often contain material that are 
harmful to the environment, so its components should be recycled. 
5. the use of rain barrels and gutters to control the amount of rain water. 
6. protection and conservation of animal species.  
7. precautions should be applied when using radio active ingredients or implements. 
8. organic farming should be encouraged. 
9. shade trees has numerous benefits to the environment, including eliminating pollution 
and providing habitats for birds and animals. 

CONCLUSION  

Science has made it possible for many practical solutions to preserve or minimize 
environmental pollution. These solutions comes with some cost (monetary and society), in our 
society a great deal can be done if we apply the four R’s which is Reduce, Reuse, Repair and 
Recycle. If we fail to restore the environment right now it would be too late tomorrow.