What is Sensor?

A device ,responding to an i/p quantity by generating a functionally related o/p usually in the form of
electrical /optical signals.

What is optical fibre?

Strands of glass that transmit over a long distance.

Light is transmitted by continuous int reflection in optical fibre(e- in elec sys)

What is OPTICAL FIBRE SENSOR?

It is a sensor that uses optical fibre either as the sensing element/as means of relaying signals from a
remote sensor to the electronics(that process the signals)

ATTACH SOME PICTURES

What are the advantages of using OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS?

1>can withstand harsh env :intensive EMI and RFI,high temp(>1450 c),high press,high volt,chem
Corrosion.

2>light weight ,small size.

3>excellent performance:high sensitivity and large BW.

4>long range of operation.

5>multiplexed/distributed measurements.

6>aii passive dielectric characteristics:elimination of conductive paths in high voltage env.

7>inherent safety and suitability for extreme vibratio and explosive environment.

What are the uses/applications of OPTICAL FIBER SENSORS?

1>MECHANICAL MEASUREMENTS: It measures phy parameters lyk

strain,press,temp,vel,accelrtn,force,vibration,acoustics.

2>electrical and magnetic measurements.

3>chemical and biological sensing.

ATTACH PICTURES
PROCEDURE IN OPTICAL FIBER SYSTEMS:

#Transmit light from a light source along an optical fibre to a sensor(which sense only the change of a
desired env parameter)

#the sensor modulates the characteristics(intensity,wavelength,amplitude,phase)of the light.

#the modulated light is transmited from the sensor to the signal processor and converted into the signal
that is processed in the contrl system.

SOURCE->MODULATOR->SENSOR(I/P X IS APPLIED HERE)->DEMODULATOR->RECEIVER-

>SENSOR O/P(V0)

***the prop of light involved here :reflection,refraction,interference and grating***

CLASSIFICATION OF OPTICAL FIBER SYSTEM:

**on the basis of SENSING REGION

#INTRINSIC/ALL-FIBER optical fiber sensor.

#EXTRINSIC/HYBRID optical fiber sensor.

**on the basis of OPTICAL MODULATION MECHANISM

#INTENSITY MODULATED

#PHASE MODULATED

#WAVELENGTH MODULATED

#POLARIZATION MODULATED

INTRINSIC/ALL-FIBER OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR

**SENSING REGION within the fibre

**light never goes out of the fibre

**rely on the properties of the fibre to convert an environment action into a modulation of light beam
passing through it

**provide distributed sensing over large areas

EXTRINSIC/HYBRID OPTICAL FIBER SENSOR

**SENSING REGION outside the fiber

**light has to leave the fiber,reaches the sensing region,then comes back to the fiber