Introduction of the Emergency Response Plan and Preparedness.

Emergency is an unexpected event requiring prompt action which is beyond the normal day to day

activity in order to ensure the safety of people, public, environment and equipment. Normally it can

be managed at local level. There are several type of emergency or disaster such as internal incident,

external threat, natural disaster, civil disorder and also malicious damage. The goals for the

emergency management are to save lives, prevent injuries and to protect property and

environment.

The phases of emergency management are :

1. Planning and Preparedness

- To effectively prepare for, mitigate against, respond to, and recover from hazards and

their effects by planning, training, and exercising.

2. Mitigation

- Take sustained action to reduces or eliminates long-term risk to people, property and

environments from hazards and their effects.

3. Response

- Conducting emergency or rescue operations.

4. Recovery

- The process of returning to normal.

In some incidents, an on-site emergency plan is required. The on-site emergency plan describes in

detail an organisation’s policy and procedures for coping with and emergency situation on site.

These policies and procedures should define how the organisation will protect people and also

property. This plan should be consistent with the local government’s emergency operations plan.

There are some problems in the on- site emergency response which are :

- Inadequate detection of release

- Inadequate emergency alarm and also warning

- Lack of evacuation or mustering training

- Inadequate protective equipment

- Lack of leadership during emergency

- No designated authority to give command at the mustering station

- Lack of pre- planning

- No clear escape plan

Furthermore, to handle any incident cases, an emergency response team (ERT) is required to

all the industries whether small or large ones. The ERT is a special team that responds to

general and localised emergencies to facilitate personnel evacuation and safety. ERT will

shuts down building services and utilities as needed. The ERT works with civil authorities to

protect and salvage company property and also evaluates areas of safety before re-entry of

personnel.
FIRE AND MINOR EXPLOSION

ON-SITE EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN PROCEDURE:

1) In case of any fire or explosions happen, evacuate immediately to the nearest assembly

point. Do not panic or run.

2) Rescue anyone that is closed to danger. Give them hand and be quick.

3) Activate the building fire alarm system and call the 999 (fire fighter).

4) If it is small fire and not vigorously, extinguish it with fire extinguisher.

5) Confine the fire from moving towards the other building by closing all windows and

doors.

6) Crawl out of the incident place if the smoke is too thick.

7) Always use a stairs not an elevator because the power might be off during the fire and

you will be trapped in the elevator.

8) If you are on fire, lay down and roll so, the fire will shut down.
Emergency Equipment in Laboratory Chemistry 2

Name: Emergency Shower

Function: To wash up the chemical

spillage on clothes during
experiment.

Procedure: Pull the trigger down

and water will come out. Wash up
all the chemicals.

Name: Eye Flush

Function: To wash up chemical

spillage on eyes.

Procedure: Step on the pedal at the

bottom of the sink and the water
will come out. Wash up the
chemical.
Name: Fire Extinguisher

Function: To put down fire

Procedure:

1) Pull out the trigger.

2) Put the nozzle in the direction of

fire.

3) Press down the top of the fire

extinguisher.

Name: Emergency Lamp

Function: To light up during blackout

Name: Water Sprinkler

Function: To put down fire