AUTONOMOUS ROBOT

AUTONOMOUS ROBOT
 AUTONOMOUS ROBOT

AUTONOMOUS ROBOT

Objective of the Project:

The objective of this project is to design the solar based power supply
system using Object sensor for breaking the Automobiles. This project is
mainly used in Vehicles either two or four wheelers. In this project is used
in real time we can avoid so many accidents.

Introduction:

Now a days, a lot of new technologies are arriving in world creating huge
effect. Most of industries got their new faces due to this arrival of
technologies and Automobile industry is also one of them. There is a
boom in world’s automobile industry, so lot’s of research is also going on
in this field. As an important part of automobile, there are also
innovations in brakes and electromagnetic brakes are also one of them.
There are many cases while driving a car in highway accident may occur
and one of the reasons for accidents is some vehicles will suddenly come
from the side roads and sometimes the driver may not be able to apply
brakes in time and may hit the vehicle in front of him. In such a case
Solar power supply based object sensors will apply brakes automatically
by indicating the driver and helps in avoiding the accident. We use solar
power to energize the system and object sensors are used to sense the
obstacles in front of the vehicle in which the system is incorporated. A
micro controller is used to control the Braking system. The
microcontroller may be ATMEL/PIC/RENESAS/ARM microcontroller.

Literature Survey:

As there are many road accidents occurring due to negligence of drivers,

which occur on highways and cities, automatic braking system is needed
to avoid those accidents. Regardless of how careful a driver you are, you
do not know just when you might come across a reckless driver and get
into an accident yourself.
The top causes of auto accidents are speeding, bad weather, driving under
the influence of alcohol, drug use, sleepiness, cell phone use, distractions,
recklessness, rubbernecking, and road hazards.
Therefore to avoid this problem a concept of automatic braking system
should be introduced which will apply brakes automatically even if the
driver fails to apply.
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Proposed System:

The object sensor senses the object and gives corresponding signals.
These electrical signals are very small mill voltage signal, so it is given to
amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit is constructed with operational
amplifier which acts as power amplifier. Then the amplifier signal is
given to signal conditioning unit which also constructed with operational
amplifier. In this circuit operational amplifier act as comparator and
generate the square pulse given to microcontroller. The microcontroller
may be ATMEL/PIC/RENESAS/ARM microcontroller. It will work
according to our object already we have programmed.
According to the object sensor value, the microcontroller activates the
driver circuit as per mentioned in the program. The driver circuit is
constructed with transistor which acts as switch to control the relay. The
relay output is directly connected to the electromagnetic core which is
attached in the breaking system.
Whenever we control the brake, at the time what happens in the system
means one of the coil winding is placed around it. It generates the
electromotive force and it's fitted with the suitable mechanical set.
Likewise when we release the break the force generation will be stopped
and the coil winding releases from the mechanical set.
Entire kit is controlled by only solar power. Solar panel consists of
number of silicon cells, when sun light falls on this panel it generate the
voltage signals then these voltage signals given to charging circuit.
Depends on the panel board size the generated voltage amount is
increased.
In charging circuit the voltage signal from the board is gathered together
and stored in the battery. The battery power is used to control the vehicle.

Hardware Requirements

 Microcontroller 8052
 Solar panel with battery.
 Object sensor
 Driver circuit
 LCD

Software Requirements

 Embedded ‘C’
 Keil, Flash Magic
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BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Applications:

 Electromagnetic braking system can be used as a modern

technology of braking in automobile.
 Will be used in all types of light motor vehicles like cars and heavy
motor vehicles.

Advantages:

 Can use all type of vehicles

 Low cost
 Low power consumption
 Electromagnetic braking system work is done very fast, because of
electronic components