REPORT

Training On Management Of Agriculture & Agricultural

Products For Pakistan in China

BY

BHAWANI SHANKAR

AGRICULTURE RESEARCH SINDH

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I would pay the deepest sense of gratitude to Almighty Allah, who
bestowed upon me the potential and ability to accomplish this cardinal task.
It is my proud to express my sincerest gratitude and appreciation to worthy Mr. Noor
Mohammad Baluch, Director General, and Agriculture Research Sindh for his trust, valuable
guidance, interest and pertinent suggestions throughout the training work and nominating me
for this training course.
I am highly indebted to respected Mr. Wali Mohammad Baluch, Director
Agriculture research Institute Tandojam and Mr. Sajud Ullah Vistro, Agriculture Chemist,
for inspiring me to become a professional and moral support during the training work.
I am highly thankful to Mr. Abdul Majeed Noonari, Deputy Director, A R S
Tandojam for processing of documents within a time.
I am also thankful to all respected professors from different universities of China, for
providing valuable knowledge during the course program.
Hereby I want to give my special thanks to Ministry of economic affairs Division,
Islamabad, Pakistan, Ministry of commerce of the China, Department of Commerce
Xinjiang, Xinjiang business cooperation and technology exchange center China and Mr.
Zhang Yuzhong, Director foreign economic and technical cooperation along with their staff
for giving me the warm welcome to the team, extensive cooperation and provide all facilities
to carry out the training.

BHAWANI SHANKAR RATHI

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ABOUT CHINA
China is a country both old and young. This is old, because seven thousands year old
civilization and big oriental country. This is new because Chairman Mao proclaimed the
founding of the Peoples Republic of China on the Tian’an men rostrum and the country
reform only 35 years ago. This is a great practice in a large developing country both ancient
and new.

Peoples Republic of China is situated in eastern Asia on the western shore of the
Pacific Ocean, with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. China's continental coastline
extends for about 18,000 kilometers, and its vast sea surface is studded with more than 5,000
islands, of which Taiwan and Hainan are the largest.

This vast and beautiful land consist 4 direct municipalities, 23 provinces, 5

autonomous regions , 2 special administrative zones which holds 56 ethnic groups has 1.37
billion populations. China has beautiful scenery from west to east generally shows ladder-
like distribution and the mountainous region accounts for 2/3 country’s total area. China has
all the basic terrain types, basin, plateau, plains and other terrains which provide favorable
conditions for agriculture production. The highlands and hill regions account for 65 percent
of the country's total land mass, and there are more than 2,000 lakes. The highest mountain
peak is Qomolangma (Everest), the highest in the world, 8,848 meters above sea level; the
lowest point is the Turpan Basin, 154 meters below sea level. The length of rivers is 220,000
kilometers in China. The Changjiang (Yangtze) and the Huanghe (Yellow) are world known.

China is characterized by a continental climate. The latitude spans nearly 50 degrees

on average of 4000 meters above called roof of the world.. The greater part of the Chinese
territory is situated in the Temperate Zone, its southern part in the tropical and subtropical
zones, and its northern part near the Frigid Zone. In the northwest hinterland, the temperature
changes dramatically. Some desert areas are found.

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ABOUT XINJIANG

1.6 million sq km largest autonomous administrative region of china in the north west
of country consist 21.81 million population bordered by eight countries Pakistan,
Afghanstan, Mangolia, Kazakstan, Kyrgystan, Tajakstan, Russia, and India. The rugged
Karakarm, Kunlan and Tian Shian mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang borders. It is
home to a number of ethnic groups.
There are 68 million hectares of land which can be used for the development of
agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry, accounting for 41.19 percent of Xinjiang’s total
area (166 million hectares). Of which 9.33 million hectares can be reclaimed, over 4 million
hectares are cultivated, 48 million hectares are natural grassland which can be utilized, and
666,700 hectares are man-made pasture. Xinjiang is one of the nation’s five major grazing
areas. In addition, there are 4,839,300 hectares of land for forestry (including 1,533,300
hectares of forest with a reserve of 250 million cubic meters of timber). Wheat is the main
staple crop of the region followed by maize, millet, cotton, rice, fruits and vegetables.
Xinjiang is an agricultural area. In the domestic and foreign markets, there are more than 100
kinds of competitive agricultural products. Oasis irrigation agriculture is very suitable for
planting cotton, which accounts for about 40% of total output, with very high yield per unit
in China. Unique climatic conditions are very good for wheat growth.
It has 17 first-class open ports, 12 second-class ports. People, goods, capital,
technology and information travel are very convenient which are remarkable advantages of
market access.
China Pakistan Economic Corridor (China Pakistan Economic Corridor, referred to

as CPEC) begins from Kashi,Xinjiang，China in the north and Gowadar port of Pakistan,

with a total length of more than 3000 km. The essence of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor
takes the advantage of its integrated transport corridor to attract large and medium-sized
cities and countries to develop industries. The "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor"
represents the institutional arrangements and macroeconomic coordination between China
and Pakistan in promoting cross-border movement of production factors, strengthening trade,
investment and industrial cooperation. With the highways, railways, aviation, oil and gas
pipelines, optical cable power plants, the corridor not only plays the role of energy resources
channel, and it will have positive effect on Central Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean
And the Arab region

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 AGRICULTURE OF CHINA
China is the world’s largest agricultural economy and the leading producer and
consumer of many agricultural commodities. In recent years, its massive population and
tremendous income growth have fueled a rapid increase in both the quantity and quality of
food and fiber consumed. China has a large population but little arable land with only seven
percent of world’s cultivated land. China has to feed 1/5 of the world’s population. Now
China has met much of its needs by increasing domestic production. It has also emerged as a
leading global importer of several agricultural commodities, including cotton, soybeans,
vegetable oils, etc. China’s increase in imports has benefited its trade partners significantly,
but only for a narrow range of products. At the same time, domestic policies to promote
agricultural production and maintain self-sufficiency in staple foods increase the
competitiveness of domestically produced goods over imported products. As the Chinese
agricultural sector has modernized and become more productive.
China has also become an important global exporter of several horticultural products,
including mandarin oranges, apples, apple juice, certain vegetables, and garlic. The
Government of China increase the scale of agricultural industrialization and promoting the all
round modernization of agriculture have been important issue in recent years.
Chinese eco agricultural construction emphasis on promoting traditional agriculture
in the appropriate ecological agriculture experience and practices, such as a reasonable crop
rotation, green manure plant, application of organic fertilizer, construction of the formation
of farmland etc. at the same time to promote ecological agriculture of advance new
technologies, such as bio pesticides, bio fertilizers, straw and water saving irrigation.
Xinjiang can be divided into three production areas viz southern Xinjiang, eastern
Xinjiang and northern Xinjiang. Southern Xinjiang is suitable for cotton, grain, fruit and
silkworm production; Eastern Xinjiang is suitable for planting fruits and fruits, long-staple
cotton, vegetables and other cash crops; Northern Xinjiang is suitable for grain, cotton, oil,
sugar production. Grassland animal husbandry is mainly concentrated in the northern
Xinjiang. Southern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang mainly focus on animal husbandry,
including milk, high-quality beef and mutton, fine wool, pig and poultry eggs five dominant
industrial lines. Unique geographical conditions, climatic conditions, and natural resources
formed four distinct characteristics of Xinjiang agriculture: oasis agriculture, ecological
agriculture, irrigated agriculture and mechanized agriculture. Xinjiang's unique natural
ecological environment breeds a variety of crop varieties.
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 METHODOLOGY
Training course on management of agriculture and agricultural products for Pakistan
2017 has organized by ministry of commerce china, in Urmuki Xinjiang China. The training
program was financed by Ministry of Commerce; Peoples Republic of China and 24
participants from Pakistan has been nominated by Ministry of Economics Division,
Islamabad, Pakistan. The program was started from August, 18, 2017 to September 7, 2017.
This program contains 09 seminars on different topics and 24 visits of different
factories, cultural areas and agriculture farms in different cities. Experts from different
universities of China were deliver some lectures related to contents:

The way of combination of room lecturing, workshops, discussing with corporate

managers and field visits was applied to this training. The participants visited the related
scientific research and development, education and technical extension locations.
Experts from different organizations were delivered some lectures on multimedia in seminar
room with quality sound system. There are two morning (9.00am to 1.000pm) and evening
(3:30pm to 6:00pm) sessions contains question answer sessions in the last hour. The field
visits arranged by related lecturer and delivered briefings on the factory’s meeting hall.
Opening and farewell banquet also arranged.

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ABOUT TRAINING/ ACTIVITIES
Training course on agriculture and agricultural products has organized by Xinjiang
Uygur autonomous region commerce department and Xinjiang business cooperation and
technology exchange center sponsored by ministry of commerce of the People’s Republic of
China, through Ministry of Economic Affairs Division Pakistan in Urumqi Xinjiang China.
The expenses for training program were borne by Government of Peoples Republic of China.
There are 24 participants from Pakistan has been nominated by Ministry of Economic Affairs
Division, Islamabad, Pakistan. The program was started from August, 18, 2017 to September
7, 2017.
This program contains 09 seminars on different topics and 11 visit and investigation
of different factories and agriculture farms in different cities, spot teaching 07, culture
experience 04, and symposium, questioner evolution, opening and closing ceremonies.
Experts from different universities of China delivered some lectures related to contents:
 Agriculture product and processing
 The Brief Introduction of the Development of Protected Horticulture
 Overview of China
 Micro Economic of China
 The opening up of Xinjiang
 Agricultural industrialization
 China - Pakistan Economic Corridor
 The Development Status of Cross-Border E-Commerce and the advantages of
Xinjiang
 Applications of remote sensing in agriculture
 Tunnel farming field visits
 Open area field visits
 Visits Historical and Entertainment places
 Corporate farms
 Agriculture enterprises/ companies
 Visit Chamber of commerce
 Visit of Economic and trade zones
 Meetings and discuss with enterprises manages
 Visits of Agricultural products producing and processing units
 Meetings with chins officials

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PERSONAL LEARNING:
After completing my training course in China, I have acquired knowledge about
china’s agriculture overview and to know more about the advanced experience and
technology of agriculture for improving the livelihood of small and corporate
farmers/enterprises as well as countries economy. I also acquire knowledge about modern
agriculture, tunnel farming, nursery growing, plastic green houses, plastic film solar green
houses, irrigation water management, compost material, management of farms and also
acquire brief information about CPEC. During training I have got knowledge about drought
and soil moisture monitoring, crop watch, monitoring platform of Agro-meteorological
disasters through application of remote sensing in agriculture.

SKILLS LEARNED:
After completing the training course, I have learned to team work with senior
scientists from different regions of Pakistan and also with Chinese peoples. I worked with
Pakistani and Chinese peoples. Everyone comes from dissimilar lines have different mindset
and behavior. I observed and learned about organization culture and working environment
which will fruitful for me in arranging similar programs in my home country. Furthermore I
improved my skills to meet deadline as was the case and punctuality. This training is helpful
for me in farmers report writing in context of best crop management practices and irrigation
water management techniques.

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 List of Participate
Sr. NAME Designation ORGANIZATION
01 Mr. Bhawani Shankar Assistant Chemist Agriculture Research Sindh
02 Mr. Muhammad Abrar Oil Seed Botanist Agriculture Research Sindh
03 Mr. Hassan Bux Rashdi Assistant Chemist Agriculture Research Sindh
04 Mr. Muhammad Saleh Assistant Agronomist Agriculture Research Sindh
05 Mr. Mukhtiar Ali Chana Soil Fertility Officer Agriculture Research Sindh
06 Mr. Sheeraz Ahmed Ansari Asst. Research Officer Agriculture Research Sindh
07 Ms.Fehmida Feroz Asst Research Officer Agriculture Research Sindh
08 Mr. Akhlaque Hussain Dasti Entomologist Plant Protection, Malir hault
09 Mr. Karim Bux Sial Scientific Officer CCRI, Baluchastan
10 Dr. Imtiaz AhmedNizamani Associate Professor S A U Tandojam
11 Mr. Abdul Wahab Soomro Scientific Officer CCRI, Sindh
12 Dr M Farooq Hasan Associate Professor SBBUVAS, Sakrand Sindh
13 Dr. Mohammad Ibrahim Associate Professor S A U Tandojam
14 Mr. Sher Mohammad Vegetable Botanist Agriculture Research Baluchastan
15 Dr.. Shah Nawaz Mari Associate Professor S A U Tandojam
16 Mr. Muhammad Arif Raza Assistant Chief P & D Punjab
17 Mr. Ameen Ullah Agriculture Officer AgricultureExtension Baluchastan
18 Muhammad Naveed S Scientific Officer CCRI, Multan
19 Ms. Nagina Bano Agriculture Officer AgricultureExtension Baluchastan
20 Ms. Neelam Bano Agriculture Officer AgricultureExtension Baluchastan
21 Mr. Muhammad Ismail khan Deputy Director Agriculture Extension KPK
22 Mr. Noor Muhammad Deputy Director Agriculture xtension Baluchastan
23 Mr. Allama Iqbal Agriculture Officer Agriculture Extension FATA
24 Mr. M Naem Aslam Team Manager CABI, Rawalpindi

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 LIST OF SEMINARS ATTENDED
Sr. SEMINAR
1 Brief Introduction Of Chin’s Condition
2 Brief Introduction Of Protected Agriculture
3 Advantages And Characteristics Of Xinjiang Agriculture
4 China Pakistan Agriculture Cooperation
5 International Ecommerce Of Agricultural Products
6 Introduction Of Agricultural Economic Management
7 Introduction Of Modern Animal Husbandry
8 Agriculture Industrialization
9 Agriculture And Agricultural Product And Processing

LIST OF SITES VISITED

Sr. Name of Site Visited
01 International Trade Center
02 Agricultural Museum
03 Xinjiang Xierdan Food Stuff Co.
04 Xinjiang Baicheng Investment Co. Ltd
05 Changji National Agricultural Science And Technology Area
06 E-Commerce Sale Management Plate Farm For Agricultural Products
07 Xinjiang Yunong Fruit Processing Industry
08 Port Hauling And Logistic Center
09 Agricultural Products Market
10 Etd Zone
11 Maiquair Group Co.
12 Agriculture Machinery Research Institute Co. Ltd
13 Science And Technology Park Modern Agriculture Demonstration Garden
14 Dalian Folunde Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
15 Dalian Academy Of Agricultural Science
16 Badaguan Scenic Area Garden
17 Small Green Valley Garden
18 Jimo Huasheng Modern Agricultural Garden
Four Culture Experiences

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