σχῆµα, ατος, τό, (ἔχω, σχεῖν)

A.form, shape, figure, E.Ion238, Ar.V. 1170, Pl.R.601a, Thphr.Ign.52, etc.;

“καθ᾽Ἡρακλέα τὸ ς. καὶ τὸ λῆµ᾽ ἔχων” Ar.Ra.463;
“διερεισαµένη τὸ ς. τῇ βακτηρίᾳ” Id.Ec.150; “Ἱπποµέδοντος ς. καὶ µέγας τύπος” A.Th.488: in
Trag. freq. in periphr., ὦ ς. πέτρας, = πέτρα, S.Ph.952;
“ς. καὶ πρόσωπον εὐγενὲς τέκνων” E.Med. 1072; “ς. δόµων” Id.Alc.911(anap.),
cf. Hec.619; Ἀσιάτιδος γῆς ς. Id.Andr.1: in pl., of one
person, φωτὸς κακούργουσχήµατ' Id.Fr.210; µορφῆς σχῆµα or σχήµατα, Id.Ion992, IT292,
cf. IG3.1417.14; “τὴναὐτὴν τοῦ ς. µορφήν” Arist.PA640b34 (but ἐν µορφῇ θεοῦ ὑπάρχων,
opp. σχήµατι εὑρεθεὶςὡς ἄνθρωπος, Ep.Phil.2.6 and 8); “τὰ ς. καὶ χρώµατα” Pl.R.373b;
“σχήµασι καὶ χρώµασιµιµεῖσθαι” Arist.Po.1447a19; κατὰ χρόαν ἢ ὄγκον ἢ ς. [τοῦ προσώπου]
Gal.18(2).309; ὅσαπαθήµατα γίνεται ἀπὸ σχηµάτων caused by peculiar
conformations, Hp.VM22.
b. atom, imagined as differing from other atoms mainly in shape,
“ἐκπεριφερῶν συγκεῖσθαι σχηµάτων” Democr. ap. Thphr.Sens.65; ἐκµεγάλων ς. καὶ πολυγωνί
ων ib.66, cf. 67,al., Od.64.
2. appearance, opp. the reality, οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν . . ς. a mere outside, E.Fr.25,
cf. 360.27, Pl.R.365c; show, pretence, “ἦν δὲ τοῦτο . . ς. πολιτικὸν τοῦ λόγου” Th.8.89;
“οὐ σχήµασι, ἀλλὰ ἀληθείᾳ” Pl.Epin.989c; σχήµατι ξενίας under the show of . . , Plu.Dio16,
etc.
3. bearing, air, mien, Hdt.1.60;
“τύραννον ς. ἔχειν” S.Ant.1169; ἄφοβονδεικνὺς ς. X.Cyr.6.4.20; ταπεινὸν ς.
ib.5.1.5; ὑπηρέτου ς. D.23.210;
“τῷσχήµατι, τῷ βλέµµατι, τῇ φωνῇ” Id.21.72; ὄµµασι καὶ σχήµασι καὶ βαδίςµατι φαιδρός gest
ures, X.Ap.27, cf. Mem. 3.10.5; esp. outside show, pomp, τὸτῆς ἀρχῆς ς. Pl.Lg.685c; dignity,
rank, οὐ κατὰ ς. φέρειν τι in a manner not dignified or seemly, Plb.3.85.9,
cf. 5.56.1, Plu.2.44a, 631c, Luc.Peregr.25; πρεσβείας, ἱερείας ς., Aristid.1.490 J., Inscr.Olymp.9
41; ἔχει τι ς., c. inf., there's something to be said for . . , E.Tr.470, cf. IA983; of the stately air of a
horse, X.Eq.1.8,7.10.
4. fashion, manner, “ἑτέρῳ ς. ζητεῖν” Hp.VM2; ς. µὲν γὰρ Ἑλλάδος στολῆςὑπάρχει fashion of
dress, S.Ph. 223; “ς. τοῦ κόσµου” E.Ba.832, 1
Ep.Cor.7.31; ς. βίου, µάχης, E.Med. 1039, Ph.252 (lyr.); τούτῳ .
. κατῴκουντῷ ς. Pl.Criti.112d.
b. dress, equipment, “ἀρχαίῳ ς. λαµπρός” Ar.Eq.1331; βαβαιὰξ τοῦ ς. Id.Ach.64,
cf. X.Oec.2.4, Theoc.10.35, App.BC1.16; τὸ τῆςπορφύρας ς., = Lat. latus
clavus, IGRom.3.1422 (Prusias); ἐν τῷ ς. ἱερέ[ως] ib. 69.17 (ibid., cf. Glotta 14.80),
cf.Sammelb.7449.10 (V A.D.), PLond.5.1729.25 (vi A.D.).
5. character, role, µεταβαλεῖν τὸ ς. Pl.Alc.1.135d; “πάντα ς. ποιεῖν” Id.R.576a;
“ἐν µητρὸς σχήµατι” Id.Lg.918e, cf. 859a; ἀπολαβεῖν τὸ ἑαυτῶνς. to recover their
proper character, X.Cyr.7.1.49.
6. character, characteristic property of a thing, [πόλεως] Th.6.89;
“πολιτείας” Pl.Plt.291d; βάσιλείας ς. ἔχει the form of monarchy, Arist.EN1160b25;
“τὸ ς. τῆς λέξεως δεῖ µήτε ἔµµετρον εἶναι µήτε ἄρρυθµον” Id.Rh.1408b21 (but τὰς. τῆς λέξεω
ς the forms (modes) used in poetry, such as entreaty, threat,
command, Id.Po.1456b9); τὰ τῆς κωµῳδίας ς. its characteristic forms,
ib.1448b36; ἐν σχήµατι νόµου in form of
law, Pl.Lg.718b; ἐν ἀπολογίας ς. Isoc.15.8; ἐν µύθου ς. Arist.Metaph.1074b2,
cf. Pl.Ti.22c; τὸ τῆς διαίτης ς. Gal.15.582; “αἱ κατὰ σχήµατα πυρετῶν διαφοραί” Id.19.183.
7. a figure in Dancing, Ar.V.1485: mostly in pl., figures,
gestures (cf. σχηµάτιον), E.Cyc. 221, Ar.Pax323, Pl.Lg.669d, Epigr. ap. Plu.2.732f, etc.;
“σχήµατα πρὸς τὸν αὐλὸν ὀρχεῖσθαι” X.Smp.7.5; ἐν . . µουσικῇ καὶ σχήµατα.
. καὶ µέλη ἔνεστι figures and tunes, Pl.Lg.655a; also of the postures of an athlete, Isoc.15.183:
generally, posture, position, Hp.Off.11, al., Ar. Ra.538(lyr.), Thphr.Lass.3,14; of the
foetus, Sor.2.55; τὸ τῆς κατακλίσεως ς. the patient's attitude as he lies in bed, Gal.16.578, cf. 665;
cf.“σχηµατίζω” 11.3.
b. Rhet., figure of speech, Pl.Ion536c, Cic.Brut. 37.141, etc.;
[“ἡ τοῦΘουκυδίδου φράσις] πλήρης σχηµάτων” D.H.Pomp. 5, cf. Amm.2.2; for ς. Πινδαρικόν,
etc., v. Hdn.Fig.p.100S.
c. in Logic, figure of a syllogism, Arist.APr.26b33,al., Thphr.Fr.59.
d. τὸ ς. τῆς λέξεως, both the grammatical form of a sentence, Arist.SE166b10, cf. Gal.16.709, etc.;
and its rhythmical form, Arist.Rh.l.c. supr.6, etc.
e. grammatical form of a word, Hp.Vict.1.23, D.T.635.21, A.D.Pron.17.25,al.
8. geometrical figure, Arist.de An.414b20, al., Onos.10.28;
“µονωτάτηπάντων ἀριθµῶν δυὰς σχήµατος οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπιδεκτική” Theol.Ar.7.
b. phase of the moon, Ptol.Tetr.21, Vett.Val. 106.28.
c. Astrol., aspect, Plot.2.3.1, Man.3.5,212, al.
d. configuration of birds in augury, τοῖς τῶν γυναικῶν σχήµασι σῷζεσθαι to be saved by
the configurations (of birds) appropriate to women, Gal.15.445.
9. in Tactics, military formation, X.An.1.10.10.
10. = τὸ αἰδοῖον LXXIs.3.17.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and
augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of.
Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.

The National Endowment for the Humanities provided support for entering
this text.

eferences (74 total)

• Cross-references in general dictionaries from this page (74):

o Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes, 488
o Aristophanes, Acharnians, 64
o Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae, 150
o Aristophanes, Frogs, 463
o Aristophanes, Frogs, 538
o Aristophanes, Knights, 1331
o Aristophanes, Peace, 323
o Aristophanes, Wasps, 1170
o Aristophanes, Wasps, 1485
o Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, 1160b.25
o Aristotle, Poetics, 1447a.19
o Aristotle, Poetics, 1448b.36
o Aristotle, Poetics, 1456b.9
o Demosthenes, Against Midias, 72
o Demosthenes, Against Aristocrates, 210
o Euripides, Alcestis, 911
o Euripides, Andromache, 1
o Euripides, Bacchae, 832
o Euripides, Cyclops, 221
o Euripides, Hecuba, 619
o Euripides, Iphigeneia in Aulis, 983
o Euripides, Ion, 238
o Euripides, Ion, 992
o Euripides, Iphigeneia in Taurus, 292
o Euripides, Medea, 1039
o Euripides, Medea, 1072
o Euripides, Phoenician Women, 252
o Euripides, Trojan Women, 470
o Herodotus, Histories, 1.60
o Isocrates, Antidosis, 8
o Isocrates, Antidosis, 183
o New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 7.31
o New Testament, Philippians, 2.6
o Old Testament, Isaiah, 3.17
o Plato, Laws, 655a
o Plato, Laws, 685c
o Plato, Laws, 718b
o Plato, Laws, 859a
o Plato, Laws, 918e
o Plato, Laws, 669d
o Plato, Republic, 576a
o Plato, Republic, 601a
o Plato, Republic, 365c
o Plato, Republic, 373b
o Plato, Statesman, 291d
o Plato, Critias, 112d
o Plato, Ion, 536c
o Plato, Epinomis, 989c
o Plato, Timaeus, 22c
o Sophocles, Antigone, 1169
o Sophocles, Philoctetes, 952
o Sophocles, Philoctetes, 223
o Thucydides, Histories, 8.89
o Xenophon, Anabasis, 1.10.10
o Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 5.1.5
o Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 6.4.20
o Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 7.1.49
o Xenophon, Memorabilia, 3.10.5
o Xenophon, On the Art of Horsemanship, 1.8
o Xenophon, On the Art of Horsemanship, 7.10
o Xenophon, Symposium, 7.5
o Xenophon, Apology, 27
o Xenophon, Economics, 2.4
o Polybius, Histories, 3.85.9
o Polybius, Histories, 5.56.1
o Thucydides, Histories, 6.89
o Hippocrates, De officina medici, 11
o Hippocrates, De prisca medicina, 22
o Hippocrates, De prisca medicina, 2
o Plutarch, Dion, 16
o Lucian, De morte Peregrini, 25
o Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Epistula ad Pompeium Geminum, 5
o Onasander, Strategicus, 10.28
o Claudius Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos, 21
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