120 AN INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES ANO MAPS

Each of the following eleven diagrams may be cut out and folded to form a box. You then have a three-
dimensional model of a geological structure, each side of the block showing a section through the struc-
tures outcropping on the surface.

dip.ping strata

·.·
.. · ·.·
.. · ·.· .. · ·.·
.. · .:. .. · ·.·
.. · -:·
..

asymmetrical
non-plunging
folds

.· ..· ..
·.· ..· ..
·.· ..·. .....
·.·....·.·....·. . ·.
.. ·. .· .
·=-.-:·.·:·.·=·.·.·.·.· ·.·
 -APPENDIX 121

. . . . . . .. . . . . ... ... ... ... ... .. ... . ..

. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . ..

Noh~plunging
. folds witn
overturned
limbs

· .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · .. · ..

. . . . . .. . . . . . .
o

,Plunging
symmetrical
folds
122 AN INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES ANO MAPS

Pinch end swell

periclines

- o
o o •O"
o"
()

7 7 7
7 7 7 v 7
v
" ·.·" ·.·" ·.·" ·.· . " "
·.·" ·.·
.·.·.··.·.··.·.··.·.··.·.··.·.··.·.··... ··..
u u u u

ºoo
o
ººº o ºººººººo
o o o
o º-º º-º º-º
ºººººººº
o º º --..oºº
o,_,, º o c o
n o O o O
o o o

Normal
faulting of
horizontal
strata

o O eo o O o o-o~ o o-o~ o o-º~

ºººººººººººººº
. .··>
<· .. · -:-
.. · -:-
.. · ·>
.. · -:- .. ··>
.. · -:- .. ·..

Ü ·. () - : ·~o·: U
. ()
 APPENDIX 123

Strike faulting - -

o o
Wrench faulting - _-
o -o
o o :
o o o
o ' o
124 AN INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES ANO MAPS

\
\

........
.·.·.·.·.·.·.· ....
.. ..
. . . . . . . ·.·.·.·

Dykes sills and

lava flows

Country rocks
show plain

Stippled regions
indicate contact
metamorphism (baking)

FigWptI
 · APPENDIX · 125

Dipping strata lying.,.1

unconformably on ~
an anticline

fólded box