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1 PERCENTAGE METHOD
In this project Percentage method test was used. The percentage method is used to
know the accurate percentages of the data we took, it is easy to graph out through the
percentages. The following are the formula
No of Respondent
Percentage of Respondent = x 100
Total no. of Respondents
From the above formula, we can get percentages of the data given by the respondents.
In this project chi-square test was used. This is an analysis of technique which
analyzed the stated data in the project. It analysis the assumed data and calculated in the
study. The Chi-square test is an important test amongst the several tests of significant
developed by statistical. Chi-square, symbolically written as x2 (Pronounce as Ki-Spare), is a
statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a
theoretical variance.
Formula
(O-E) 2
2 =
E
O = Observed frequency
E = Expected frequency
1
4.9.3 CORRELATION
Correlation analysis deals with the association between two or more variables.
It does not tell anything about cause and effect relationship. Correlation is classified in
two types as
Positive and
Negative correlation.
6 ∑ di²
FORMULA r = 1- ______________
n (n²-1)
Correlation value shall always lie between +1 and-1. When r =1, it shows there is
perfect positive correlation between variables. When r = 0, There is no correlation.
Weighted average can be defined as an average whose component items are multiplied
by certain values (weights) and the aggregate of the products are divided by the total
of weights.
One of the limitations of simple arithmetic mean is that it gives equal importance to
all the items of the distribution.
Certain cases relative importance of all the items in the distribution is not the same.
Where the importance of the items varies.
It is essential to allocate weight applied but may vary in different cases. Thus weightage is a
number standing for the relative importance of the items.
4.9.5 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (ANOVA)
Anova is extremely a procedure for testing the difference among different groups of
data for homogeneity. “The essence of ANOVA is that the total amount of variation in a set of
data is broken down into two types such as
ONE-WAY ANOVA
TWO-WAY ANOVA
If we take only one factor and investigate the differences amongst its various
categories having numerous possible values one-way anova can be used. When we investigate
two factors at the same time then we can use two-way anova.
4. Correction factor CF = T²
N
5. Calculate Total sum of squares SST = ∑ x1² + ∑ x2² + ∑ x3²….
Degrees of
SOURCE OF Sum of Squares Mean Square (MS) F-ratio
Freedom (d.f)
VARIATION
Between SSR
SSR V2
Rows MSR =
Treatment R-1
MSR
SSE F2 =
Residual or SSE (K-1) (R-1) MSE
MSE =
Error
(K-1) (R-1)
1 18-25 04 08
2 26-35 18 36
3 36-45 22 44
4 Above 45 06 12
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that, 08 % belongs to the age group of 18-25 years, 36 %
belongs to the age group of 26-35 years, 44 % belongs to the age group of 36-45 years and 12
% belongs to the age group of above 45 year
CHART-5.1.1
AGE
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
18-25 26-35 36-45 above 45
A GE
TABLE 5.1.2
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EDUCATION
1 SSC 10 20
2 INTER 22 44
3 DEGREE 18 36
4 Others 00 00
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that, 20 %belongs to SSC, 44 % belongs to INTER, 36 %belongs to
degree0 % belongs to other degrees.
CHART-5.1.2
EDUCATION
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
sslc hsc iti
EDUCATION
TABLE 5.1.3
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR EXPERIENCE
1 Below2years 11 22
2 3-5 years 07 14
3 Above 5 years 32 64
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
22 % to below 2 years; 14 % belongs to 3-5years, 64 %belongs to above 5 years
CHART-5.1.3
EXPERIENCE
70
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
below 2years 3-5years above 5 years
EXPERIENCE
TABLE 5.1.4
1 20-22 10 20
2 23 -25 15 30
3 25-28 22 44
4 29-31 03 06
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
20 % belongs to 20-22 days, 30 % belongs to 23-25 days, 44 % belongs to 25- 28days,
and 06 % belong to above 29-31 days.
CHART-5.1.4
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
20-22 23-25 25-28 29-31
NUMBER OF WORKING DA Y S
TABLE 5.1.5
1 0 10 20
2 1 -5 23 46
3 6-10 04 08
4 10-15 10 20
5 16-20 03 06
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
20 %belongs to 0 days, 46 % belongs to 1-5days, 08 %belongs to 6-10 days, 20
%belongs to 10-15 days, and 06 %belongs to 16-20 days.
CHART-5.1.5
LEAVE IN MONTH
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
0 1-5 6-10 10-15 16-20
LEA VE IN MONTH
TABLE 5.1.6
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR NUMBER OF WORKING YEARS IN THE
COMPANY
1 <5YEARS 16 32
2 <10 years 30 60
3 >10 years 04 08
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
32 % belongs to <5 years, 60 % belongs to <10years and
08 %belongs to >10 years.
CHART-5.1.6
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
<5 years <10 years >10 years
1 Highly satisfied 04 08
2 Satisfied 03 06
3 Neutral 13 26
4 Dissatisfied 25 50
5 Highly Dissatisfied 05 10
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
08 % belongs to highly satisfied, 06 % belongs to satisfied
26 %belongs to neutral, 50 % belongs to dissatisfied and10 % belongs to highly
dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.7
WORK LOAD
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
hig hly satisfied neutral hig hlydissatisfied
satisfied dissatisfied
WORK LOA D
TABLE 5.1.8
1 Highly satisfied 10 20
2 Satisfied 12 24
3 Neutral 05 10
4 Dissatisfied 13 26
5 Highly Dissatisfied 10 20
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that,
20 %belongs to highly satisfied, 24 % belongs to satisfied, 10 % belongs to neutral,
26 %belongs to dissatisfied and 20 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.8
WORKING HOURS
30
20
10
Percent
0
hig hly satisfied neutral hig hlydissatisfied
satisfied dissatisfied
WORKING HOURS
TABLE 5.1.9
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR MANAGEMENT POLICY
1 Highly satisfied 20 40
2 Satisfied 10 20
3 Neutral 05 10
4 Dissatisfied 10 20
5 Highly Dissatisfied 05 10
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
40 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied 10 % belongs to neutral, 20
% belongs to dissatisfied and 10 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.9
MANAGEMENT POLICY
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
hig hly satisfied neutral hig hlydissatisfied
satisfied dissatisfied
1 Highly satisfied 28 56
2 Satisfied 10 20
3 Neutral 04 08
4 Dissatisfied 05 10
5 Highly Dissatisfied 03 06
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
46 % belongs to highly satisfied, 20 %belongs to satisfied, 08 %belongs to neutral, 10 %
belongs to dissatisfied and 06 %belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.10
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
hig hly satisfied neutral hig hlydissatisfied
satisfied dissatisfied
1 Highly satisfied 02 04
2 Satisfied 05 10
3 Neutral 10 20
4 Dissatisfied 20 40
5 Highly Dissatisfied 13 26
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
04 % belongs to highly satisfied, 10 %belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral,
40 %belongs to dissatisfied and 26 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART5.1.11
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
highly satisf ied neutral highlydissatisf ied
satisf ied dissatisf ied
1 Yes 39 78
2 No 11 22
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
78 %says yes, 22 %says no.
CHART-5.1.12
80
60
40
20
Percent
0
yes no
1 Good 35 70
2 Fair 10 20
3 Poor 05 10
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
70 % belongs to Good, 2 0%belongs to Fair and 10 % belongs to Poor
CHART-5.1.13
EMPLOYEES SKILL
80
60
40
20
Percent
0
good fair poor
EMPLOYEES SKILL
TABLE 5.1.14
1 Sufficient 20 40
2 In sufficient 10 20
Neutral
3 05 10
Moderately
4 Insufficient 15 30
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
40 % belongs to Sufficient, 20 % belongs to Insufficient, 10 %belongs to Neutral and
30% belongs to moderately insufficient.
CHART-5.1.14
SALARY PAID
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
sufficient insufficient neutral moderately sufficien
SA LARY PA ID
TABLE 5.1.15
1 Highly satisfied 03 06
2 Satisfied 04 08
3 Neutral 10 20
4 Dissatisfied 27 54
5 Highly Dissatisfied 06 12
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that 06 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08 %belongs to
satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral, 54 %belongs to dissatisfied and 12 % belongs to
highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.15
COMPENSATION PROVIDED
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
highly satisf ied neutral highlydissatisf ied
satisf ied dissatisf ied
COMPENSATION PROVIDED
TABLE 5.1.16
1 Highly satisfied 03 06
2 Satisfied 04 08
3 Neutral 10 20
4 Dissatisfied 27 54
5 Highly 06 12
Dissatisfied
50
Total 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
06 %belongs to highly satisfied, 08 % belongs to satisfied, 20 % belongs to neutral,
54 % belongs to dissatisfied and12 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.16
TABLE 5.1.17
1 Highly satisfied 07 14
2 Satisfied 23 46
3 Neutral 12 24
4 Dissatisfied 06 12
5 Highly Dissatisfied 02 04
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
14 %belongs to highly satisfied, 46% belongs to satisfied, 24% belongs to neutral
l2 %belongs to dissatisfied and 4 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.17
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
highly satisf ied neutral highlydissatisf ied
satisf ied dissatisf ied
1 Highly satisfied 05 10
2 Satisfied 04 08
3 Neutral 31 62
4 Dissatisfied 06 12
5 Highly Dissatisfied 04 08
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that 10 % belongs to highly satisfied, 08% belongs to satisfied,
62%belongs to neutral, 12 % belong to dissatisfied and 08 % belongs to highly dissatisfied.
CHART-5.1.18
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
highly satisf ied neutral highlydissatisf ied
satisf ied dissatisf ied
3 Asking Permission 07 14
4 No Leave 0 0
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
78 % belongs to giving a leave letter; 08 % belongs to not giving leave letter
14 % belongs to asking permission and 0 % belongs to no leave
CHART 5.1.19
80
60
40
20
Percent
0
g iving a leave lette not g iving leave let askingpermission
1 Personal Problem 15 30
2 Health Problem 20 40
3 Finance Problem 07 14
4 Working Environment 04 08
5 Others 04 08
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that 30% belongs to Personnel problem, 40% belongs to Health
problem, 14 % belongs to Finance problem, 08 % belongs to working environment and 08 %
belongs to others
CHART-5.1.20
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
personnel problem finance problem others
health problem working environment
1 In Some cases 23 46
2 Often 05 10
3 Rare 12 24
4 Not at All 10 20
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that, 46 %belongs to in some cases, 10% belongs to
often, 24 % belongs to rare and, 20 %belongs to not at all
CHART-5.1.21
P 40
E
R
C
E 30
N
T
20
10
0
in some case often rare not at all
.
TABLE 5.1.22
1 Yes 11 22
2 No 39 78
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
22 % says yes, 78 % says no.
CHART-5.1.22
80
60
40
20
Percent
0
yes no
1 Yes 04 08
2 No 46 92
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
08 % says yes, 92 % says no.
CHART 5.1.23
80
60
40
20
Percent
0
yes no
1 More 29 58
2 Less 05 10
3 Tolerable 16 32
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
58 % belongs to more, 10 % belongs to less and 32 % belongs tolerable.
CHART-5.1.24
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
more less tolerable
1 Incentives 29 58
2 Bonus 0 0
3 Allowance 21 42
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
58% belongs to incentives, 0 % belongs to bonus and 42 % belongs to allowance.
CHART-5.1.25
MOTIVATION TECHINIQUE
60
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
incentives allowances
1 In Some cases 31 62
2 Often 04 08
3 Not at All 15 30
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
62 % belongs to in some cases, 08 % belongs to often and
30 % belongs to not at all.
CHART-5.1.26
PERSONAL PROBLEM
70
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
in some cases often not at all
PERSONAL PROBLEM
TABLE 5.1.27
RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR COUNSELING PROVIDED BY THE
COMPANY
1 Yes 31 62
2 No 19 38
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
62% says yes, 38 % says no.
CHART-5.1.27
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
yes no
1 General Shift 22 44
2 Weekly Shift 21 42
3 Monthly Shift 07 14
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that
44 % prefers general shift, 42 % prefers weekly shift and 14 % prefers monthly shift
CHART-5.1.28
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
general shif t w eekly shif t monthlyshif t
1 Yes 13 26
2 No 11 22
3 Rare 26 52
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
The above table infers that 26 % belongs to yes, 22% belongs to no and 52 %belongs to
rare
CHART-5.1.29
FREEDOM TO CHANGE
60
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
yes no rare
FREEDOM TO CHANGE
TABLE 5.1.30
1 Yes 25 50
2 No 25 50
Total 50 100
Source: primary data
Inference:
CHART-5.1.30
50
40
30
20
10
Percent
0
yes no
1 Medical 11 22
Facilities
2 Transport Facilities 30 60
3 Others 09 18
Total 50 100
TYPE OF FACILITES
70
60
50
40
30
20
Percent
10
0
medicalf acilites transport f acilites others
TYPE OF FACILITES
5.2 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE- 2
Null Hypothesis
There is no significant difference in the variable among the employees about their
working hours.
TABLE 5.2.1
1 Highly satisfied 10
2 Satisfied 12
3 Neutral 05
4 Dissatisfied 13
5 Highly Dissatisfied 10
Total 50
Source: primary data
FORMULA
(O-E) 2
2 =
E
O = Observed frequency
E = Expected frequency
COMPUTATION OF CHI-SQUARE ( 2 )
TABLE No: 5.2.2
1 10 10 0 0 0
2 12 10 2 4 0.4
3 05 10 -5 25 2.5
4 13 10 3 9 0.9
5 10 10 0 0 0
TOTAL 3.8
INFERENCE
Thus Chi-Square test infers that there is no significant difference in the
variable among the employees about their working hours.
5.3 ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION ANALYSIS
TABLE 5.3.1
S.no Factors X Y
1 Yes 11 39
2 No 39 11
Total 50 50
Source: Primary Data
RANKS
TABLE 5.3.2
1-6 ∑ di²
Formula r = 1- ,By substituting the data to the formula, we get r = -1
N (n²-1)
INFERENCE
The value obtained is in negative, where it infers that a change in one variable has an
opposite change in another variable. From the correlation analysis it is inferred that, if the
employees get affected by Infectious diseases then the company output will be get decreased.
5.4 ANALYSIS USING ANOVA
Null Hypothesis
TABLE 5.4.1
Absent due to
Transportation In some
S.no Often Rare
cases Not at all Total
Salary paid
1 Sufficient 7 1 8 4 20
2 In-Sufficient 6 1 1
2 10
3 Neutral 3 2 0
0 5
4 Moderately Sufficient 7 1 3
4 15
Total 23 5 12
10 50
Source: Primary Data
STEPS
Sum of Degrees of
Source Of Mean Square (MS) F-ratio
Squares Freedom (d.f)
Variation
Treatment
between Salary 43.25 3 14.41
paid
Treatment 1.637
between
31.25 3
Absent due to
10.41
Transportation
Residual or
79.25 9 8.80
Error 1.182
INFERENCE
WORKING 10 12 05 13 10
HOURS
MANAGEMENT
POLICY 20 10 05 10 05
WORKING
ENVIRONMENT 28 10 04 05 03
RELATION
WITH 02 05 10 20 13
SUPERVISOR
Source: Primary Data
Table 5.5.2
POINT 5 4 3 2 1
WEIGHTAGE
The above table infers that the company gives more weight age first to the working
environment, second to the management policy, third to the working hours, and finally to the
relationship with supervisors. This shows that the employees are very much satisfied with
their working environment.
CHAPTER-V
FINDINGS
SUGGESTION
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-VI
In order to minimize the rate of absenteeism the company could take care of
employee’s health’s especially in production unit.
Introducing attendance management programme.
I suggest that by taking disciplinary action which will minimize absenteeism.
Introducing medical facilities for employees and employee’s family member.
Providing transport facilities for all employees
Motivating the employee by monetary and non monetary awards for those who are
completed 100% attendance.
To improve safety awareness among employee by educating them on health aspects
conducting safety work shop and to reduce noise pollution in few department.
CONCLUSION
The study is carried out to determine the level of employee‘s absenteeism in THE
HYDERABAD HYUNDAI MOTORS LTD.
ANNEXURE- 1
QUESTIONNAIRE
Personal Details:
1. I) Name :
I I) EID No :
III) Address :
IV) Department :
V) Martial Status :
VI) Annual Income :
VII) Age:
a) 18 – 25 b) 26 – 35 c) 36 – 45 d) above 45
VIII) Education:
a) SSC b) INTER c) DEGREE d) Others, please
Specify______
IX) Experience
a) Below 2 years b) 3 - 5 years c) above 5 years
Other Details:
WORKLOAD
WORKING
HOURS
MANAGEMENT
POLICY
WORKING
ENVIRONMENT
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
SUPERVISORS
11. How do you feel about your facilities provided by the company?
a) Highly Satisfied b) Satisfied c) Neutral d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
12. Flexibility and Independence allowed?
a) Highly Satisfied b) Satisfied c) Neutral d) Dissatisfied
e) Highly dissatisfied
13. What is the procedure for taking leave in your organization?
a) Giving a leave letter b) Not giving a leave letter
c) Asking a permission d) No leave
18. Do you tell insufficient rest pause is one of the reasons for absent?
a) More b) Less c) Tolerable
19. What type of motivation techniques adopted for employees regular to the work?
a) Incentives b) Bonus c) Allowances
21. Do you need counseling in the company for your personal matter affecting you in taking
leave often?
a) Yes b) No
25. What type facilities do you except from the management to reduce absenteeism?
a) Medical facilities b) Transport facilities c) Others, please
specify____
26. Any suggestion to reduce absenteeism_____________________________
ANNEXURE-2
BIBILIOGRAPHY
BOOKS:
Gupta, S.P., Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, New Delhi, Thirty
Prasath L.M.,Human resources management , Sultan Chand & Sons Publishers, , New
WEBSITES:
www.google.com
www.wikepidia.com
www.absenteeism.com