“EVALUATION OF ANTI-ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL OF

RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB.”

Major Dissertation Submitted to

Rajiv Gandhi Proudhyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal

Master of Pharmacy
In

Pharmacology

SUBMITTED BY
DEEPIKA SHUKLA
M. PHARM 4th SEM
ENROLL NO. 0144PY15MP27

DR. ANAND CHAURASIA MR. VISHAL SHRIVASTAVA

Supervisor Co-Supervisor

JANUARY 2019

MILLENIUM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY,

BHOPAL (M.P.)
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Ref. TIT/lAEC/832/P'Col/20l8/07 Date: 16/01/18

Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project “EVALUATION OF ANTI-ARTHRITIS

POTENTIAL OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA CAESIA

ROXB.” by Mrs. Deepika Shukla has been approved by IAEC Reg. No. is

TIT/IAEC/832/P'Col/2018/07.
 Millennium College of
Pharmacy, Bhopal
(Recognized by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the major dissertation entitled

“EVALUATION OF ANTI-ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL
OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA CAESIA
ROXB.” which is submitted by Mrs. Deepika Shukla, in the
partial fulfillment of award of the Degree of Master of
Pharmacy by the Rajiv Gandhi Proudhyogiki
Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal. This is a record of the
candidate’s own work carried out by her under my guidance
and supervision.

I recommend the project to be forwarded to the examiner for

evaluation.

Date: Dr. Anand Chaurasia

Place: Bhopal

Principal
Millennium college of Pharmacy,
Bhopal
 Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
(Recognized by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)

FORWARDING LETTER

This is to certify that Mrs. Deepika Shukla has completed his project entitled
“EVALUATION OF ANTI-ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL OF RHIZOME
EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB.” Under my supervision and
guidance of Dr. Anand Chaurasia in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
degree of Master of pharmacy. The project her forwarded to the examiner for
evaluation.

Date:
Place:
Principal
Millennium College of Pharmacy
Bhopal
 Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
(Recognized by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the major dissertation entitled “EVALUATION OF

ANTI-ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF
CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB.” which is submitted by Mrs. Deepika Shukla
in the partial fulfillment of award of the Degree of Master of Pharmacy by
the Rajiv Gandhi Proudhyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal. This is a record
of the candidate’s own work carried out by her under my guidance and
supervision.

I recommend the project to be forwarded to the examiner for evaluation.

Date: Dr. Anand Chaurasia

Place: Bhopal Supervisor
Millennium College of Pharmacy,
Bhopal
 Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
(Recognized by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)

APPROVAL CERTIFICATE

certify that this dissertation entitled “EVALUATION OF ANTI-

ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA
CAESIA ROXB.” which is submitted by Mrs. Deepika Shukla, in the partial
fulfillment of award of the Degree of Master of Pharmacy in Pharmacology
is a record of the candidate's own work carried out under my supervision at
Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal during the session 2015-2018.

DR. ANAND CHAURASIA External

Examiner

Supervisor

Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal

MR. VISHAL SHRIVASTAVA

Co-Supervisor
 Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal
(Recognized by Govt. of Madhya Pradesh,
Affiliated to RGPV, Bhopal)

DECLARATION

I Mrs. Deepika Shukla, Students of Millennium college of pharmacy Bhopal

Hereby declare that the work presented in this dissertation entitled
“EVALUATION OF ANTI-ARTHRITIS POTENTIAL OF RHIZOME
EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA CAESIA ROXB.” Partial fulfillment of the
award of the degree of Master of Pharmacy in pharmacology is an authentic
record of my work carried under the guidance of Dr. Anand Chaurasia is
correct to the best of my knowledge. I have not submitted the matter embodied
in this report for the award of any degree and this work has been carried out
taking care of Ethics It contains no material previously published or written by
another person nor material which has been accepted for the award of any
other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher learning,
except where due acknowledge has been made in the text.

"I also declare that “A Check of Plagiarism" has been carried out on
the Dissertation and is found under the acceptable limit and report of which
her enclosed herewith.

MRS. DEEPIKA
SHUKLA
Supervisor Director/Principal Sign with
seal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express profound gratitude to my guide Dr. Anand

Chaurasia for his invaluable support, encouragement, supervision and useful
suggestions throughout this research work. His moral support and continuous
guidance enabled me to complete my work successfully. His intellectual thirst
and blessings motivated me to work rigorously on this study. In fact this study
could not have seen the light of the day if his contribution had not been
available. It would be no exaggeration to say that it is his unflinching faith and
unquestioning support that has provided the sustenance necessary to see it
through to its present shape. I am grateful to our Hon’ble Principal Dr. Anand
Chaurasia, Millennium College of Pharmacy Bhopal for his evincing keen
interest in the M. Pharma course continuous encouragement given during our
period of study.

I must also thank and express my heartfelt gratitude to the laboratory staff
of Millennium College of Pharmacy, Bhopal for helping me out in carrying out
the research necessary for the project. I express my deep sincere gratitude
towards my parents for their patience, blessing, and moral support in the
successful completion of major project.

I express my gratitude to my all teachers and friends who has supported

and encouraged me during my study at, Millennium College of Pharmacy,
Bhopal.

DEEPIKA SHUKLA
ENROLL NO. 0144PY15MP27
Dedicated
To
Almighty
God,
My Parents
And
Teachers
 INDEX

S. No. Content Page No.

1 INTRODUCTION 1-34
1.1 Disease Profile 6
1.2 Osteoarthritis 12
1.4 Rheumatoid Arthritis 12
1.5 Gout 12
1.6 Septic Arthritis 13
1.7 Ankylosing Spondylitis 13
1.8 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 14
1.9 Still’s Disease 14
1.10 Sign And Symptom 14
1.11 Joints 15
1.12 Skin 15
1.13 Lungs 16
1.14 Kidneys 17
1.15 Heart and blood vessels 17
1.16 Ocular 18
1.17 Hepatic 18
1.18 Hematological 18
1.19 Neurological 19
1.20 Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis 19
1.21 Epidemiology 22
1.22 Etiology Of Arthritis 22
1.23 Genetic Association 24
1.24 Environmental Impact 24
1.25 Ra Synovium 25
1.26 TNF-α 26
1.27 Targets Treatment Of Arthritis 26
1.28 Management of RA 27
1.29 Treatment Of Rheumatoid Arthritis 27
 1.30 Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs
28
DMARDs)
1.31 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs 28
1.32 Biologics 29
1.33 Surgery 30
1.34 Alternative Medicine 30
1.35 Dietary Supplements 31
1.36 Guideline for treatment of arthritis 32

2. PLANT PROFILE 35-41

2.1 PLANT PROFILE 35
2.2 Geaographical Distribution: 37
2.3 Root 38
2.4 Rhizome 38
2.5 Leaves: 38
2.6 Inflorescence: 38
2.7 Flower 38
2.8 Reported Active Constituents: 39
2.9 Reported Pharmacological Activity: 40
2.10 Antioxidant activity: 40
2.11 Antimicrobial activity: 40
2.12 Anti Inflammatory acitivity: 41
2.13 Antiemetic acitivity 41
2.14 Depressant and hypnotic activity: 41
2.15 Anti-ulcerogenic activity 41

3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 42

4. MATERIALS AND METHODS 43-49

4.1 Preparation of Crude Extract 43
4.2 Qualitative phytochemical analysis 44
4.3 Tests for Carbohydrates 44
 4.4 Preparation of dose of extract 46
4.5 Animal care and handling 46
4.6 Pharmacological studies 47
4.7 Procedure 47
4.8 Parameters 48
4.9 Statistical analysis 49

5. RESULTS 50-57
5.1 Percentage yield 50
5.2 Histopathology of Arthritic left knee joint of rats 51
5.3 Carrageenan induced paw edema in rats 52
5.4 Anti-Arthritic Acitivity 53
5.5 Body weight 54
5.6 Haematological parameters 55
5.7 Biochemical parameters 56
5.8 Anti-inflammatory activity 57

6. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 58-59

6.1 Discussion 58
6.2 Conclusion 59
7. BIBLIOGRAPHY 60-62
 LIST OF FIGURES
Fig No. Figure Page No.
1 Formation of RA in joint 20

2 Normal and Arthritis Joint 21

3 Pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis 21

4 Rhizome of c. caesia 35
 LIST OF TABLES
Table. No. Table Page No.
1 Phytochemical analysis Curcuma caesia Roxb. Extracts 52
Effects of Curcuma caesia Roxb. Rhizome extracts on FCA
2 53
induced paw edema in rats
Effects of Curcuma caesia Roxb. Rhizome extracts change
3 54
in body weight of arthritic rats
Effects of Curcuma caesia Roxb. Rhizome extracts on
4 55
Hematological parameters
Effects of Curcuma caesia Roxb. Rhizome extracts on
5 56
Biochemical parameters
Effects of Curcuma caesia Roxb. Rhizome extracts on
6 57
carrageenan induced paw edema in rats