Tataouine Gas Project Pipeline HSSE Philosophy

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Engineering Services Engineering Services
TATAOUINE GAS PROJECT TATAOUINE GAS PROJECT

PIPELINE HSSE PHILOSOPHY PIPELINE HSSE PHILOSOPHY
CONTRACTOR Document N°: COMPANY Document N°: Rev: B1 CONTRACTOR Document N°: COMPANY Document N°: Rev: B1
55271-ETAP-SF-RA-003 TGP-AEI-GTPT-000-HS-REP-0003 Page 1 of 54 55271-ETAP-SF-RA-003 TGP-AEI-GTPT-000-HS-REP-0003 Page 2 of 54
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................ 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Project Description ....................................................................................... 7
1.2 Purpose and Scope...................................................................................... 7
2.0 REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS .................................................... 8
2.1 General......................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Tunisian Regulations And Laws................................................................... 8
TATAOUINE GAS PROJECT 2.3 Codes And Standards ................................................................................ 15
2.4 Hierarchy of Documents ............................................................................ 21
3.0 SAFETY DESIGN PRINCIPLES ........................................................................ 22
3.1 Overview .................................................................................................... 22
PIPELINE HSSE PHILOSOPHY
3.2 Location, Orientation and Layout ............................................................... 23
3.3 Pipeline....................................................................................................... 26
3.4 Hazard Management Process ................................................................... 27
3.5 Safety Studies and Related Activities ........................................................ 28
4.0 PROCESS DESIGN ........................................................................................... 31
4.1 Process Safety Criteria .............................................................................. 31
4.2 Emergency Shutdown System ................................................................... 32
4.3 Flare, Vent and Blowdown Systems .......................................................... 33
4.4 Drain Systems ............................................................................................ 33
29/12/2014 B1 Final Issue C.JA A.BE M.EL
4.5 Pig Launchers and Receivers .................................................................... 34
5.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS ....................................................... 35
05/12/2014 A2 Issued For Approval Y.SA A.BE M.EL
5.1 General....................................................................................................... 35
5.2 Hazardous Area Classification ................................................................... 35
23/09/2014 A1 Issued For Approval A.BE Y.SA M.EL
5.3 Emergency Power ...................................................................................... 37
Company
Date Rev. Description of Revision Prepared by Verified by Approved by 6.0 FIRE AND GAS DETECTION AND ALARM ...................................................... 38
Approval
ALPHA ENGINEERING International ALPHA ENGINEERING International

Sahloul III 4054 - Sousse – TUNISIA Sahloul III 4054 - Sousse – TUNISIA
Code TVA : 950448R/A/M/000. R.C : B279902006 Code TVA : 950448R/A/M/000. R.C : B279902006
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This document is the property of Alpha Engineering International who will safeguard its rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the Law. This document is the property of Alpha Engineering International who will safeguard its rights according to the civil and penal provisions of the Law.
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6.1 General....................................................................................................... 38 9.6 Noise and Vibrations .................................................................................. 53

6.2 Fire Detection ............................................................................................. 38
6.3 Flammable Gas Detection ......................................................................... 40
LIST OF TABLES
6.4 Manual Alarm Callpoints ............................................................................ 42
6.5 General Alarms .......................................................................................... 42 Table 8-1 Summary of Personal Protective Equipment ............................................ 46
7.0 FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS ............................................................ 43 Table 9-1 Allowable Noise Limits (World Bank) ........................................................ 54
7.1 General....................................................................................................... 43

7.2 Portable Fire Fighting Equipment .............................................................. 43
7.3 Fire Water Hydrants and Hoses................................................................. 44
7.4 Passive Fire Protection .............................................................................. 44
8.0 PERSONNEL HEALTH AND SAFETY .............................................................. 46
8.1 General....................................................................................................... 46
8.2 Personal Safety Equipment ....................................................................... 46
8.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ....................................................... 46
8.4 Portable Gas Detectors .............................................................................. 47
8.5 Hot and Cold Surfaces and Fluids ............................................................. 47
8.6 Safety Showers and Eyewashes ............................................................... 47
8.7 Safety Signs ............................................................................................... 48
8.8 First Aid Boxes ........................................................................................... 48
8.9 Hazardous Substances Handling and Storage .......................................... 48
8.10 Safety Location Plans ................................................................................ 49
8.11 HVAC System ............................................................................................ 49
9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ................................................................... 50
9.1 General....................................................................................................... 50
9.2 Emission to Air ........................................................................................... 50
9.3 Liquid Discharge ........................................................................................ 51
9.4 Soil and Groundwater Protection ............................................................... 51
9.5 Waste Management ................................................................................... 52

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ABBREVIATIONS LSD: Local Shutdown
ALARP: As Low As Reasonably Practicable LVS: Line Valve Station
API: American Petroleum Institute MAC: Manual Alarm Call Point
CCR: Central Control Room MSm3/d: Million Standard Cubic Meters per Day
CCTV: Closed-Circuit Television MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheets
CPF: Central Processing Facility 2ooN: Two out of N (voting logic)
ENVID: Environmental Identification NFPA: National Fire Protection Association
EPC: Engineering, Procurement and Construction NT Norme Tunisienne
ER: Emergency Response PA/GA: Public Address / General Alarm
ESD: Emergency Shut Down PFP: Passive Fire Protection
FEED: Front End Engineering and Design PPE: Personal Protective Equipment
F&G: Fire & Gas QRA: Quantitative Risk Analysis
GAPA: General Alarm, Public Address SAMS: Safety Action Management System
GTP: Gas Treatment Plant SDV: Shutdown Valve
HAZID: Hazard Identification SIL: Safety Integrity Level
HAZOP: Hazard and Operability Analysis STGP: South Tunisia Gas Project
HSSE: Health, Safety, Security and Environmental VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds
HVAC: Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission
IR: Infra Red
LER: Local Equipment room
LFL: Lower Flammable Limit
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

1.1 Project Description 2.1 General
The Tataouine Gas Project (TGP) is developed by ETAP. The project is intended to The TGP facilities shall be designed to meet the current issue of Tunisian
recover associated and non-associated gas reserves from existing regulations, national standards (Norme Tunisienne), Company standards and
concessions/permits in Southern Tunisia. accepted international standards.
The TGP main characteristics and facilities are as follows: Codes and standards are expected to:
1. Deviation point (DP) at KP-243 of the 24” Nawara Pipeline to Gabès;  Provide the basis for achieving technical integrity,
2. Spur Line from DP to Tataouine GTP-T;  Set minimum quality and performance standards,
3. Gas Treatment Plant (GTP) and operational storage;  Allow standardisation of materials and equipment,
4. LPG Bottling Unit in Tataouine;  Ensure work is carried out in a consistent manner, to a high technical and HSSE
5. Sales Gas will be exported to STEG. The Sales Gas export line will connect standard.
the GTP-T to the STEG reception facilities;
2.2 Tunisian Regulations And Laws
6. Stabilized condensate and wild pentane will be exported by road tankers from
The design of the TGP facilities shall be in accordance with all current Tunisian
Tataouine to Gabès.
regulations. The legislative framework for the pipelines design includes the following
1.2 Purpose and Scope regulations:
 Law no. 66-27 dated 30 April 1966 relating to the promulgation of Labour Code,
The purpose of this document is to define the health, safety and environmental
in particular articles 293 to 324 and laws which amended and completed it such
requirements for the design of the TGP pipeline facilities and related safety systems,
as Law no. 96-62 dated 15 July 1996 and Law no. 2007-19 dated 2 April 2007.
enabling the risks involved in the project to be reduced to a level that is As Low As
Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).  Law no. 75-16 of March 31st, 1975, relating to the promulgation of the Water
Code as modified by the Law no. 2001-116 dated 26 November 2001. The Water
This document applies only to the pipeline system including the line valve stations, Code contains various dispositions managing, safeguarding and adding value to
and pig launcher and receiver facilities. the public hydraulic domain. According to the terms of article 109 of this code, it
is illegal to let flow, discharge or throw away into the public hydraulic domain any
residual waters as well as waste or substances susceptible of affecting the public
health or the good use of these waters for potential usage.
 Law no. 82-60 of June 30th, 1982, relating to the works of establishment, laying
and operation of pipelines of public interest intended to the transportation of
gaseous, liquid or liquefied hydrocarbons along with the related Decree of
application no. 84-793 dated July 6th, 1984.

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 Decree no. 84-1556 of 29th December, 1984, relating to industrial lots.  Law no. 90-56 of 18 June 1990, concerning the encouragement of exploration
and production of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons.
 Decree no. 85-56 of January 2nd, 1985, relating to the organization of waste
disposal into receiver environment (sea, lakes, sebkhas, water currents,  Decree no. 90-2273 of 25 December 1990, defining the internal regulation of the
underground water tables, etc.). ANPE inspectors.
 Decree No. 87-654, dated 20 April 1987, determining the forms and conditions of  Law no. 91-39 of 8 June 1991, relating to major disaster management.
the State road occupancy lease.
 Law no. 94-35 of February 24th, 1994, relating to the Patrimony Code of
 Decree No. 87-655, dated 20 April 1987, determining the forms and conditions of Archaeology, History and Traditional Arts. In case of accidental discovery of sites,
the State road occupancy. concerning prehistoric or historic ages, arts or traditions, the developer is
required to immediately inform the corresponding services of the Ministry in
 Order of the Minister of the Industry and the Commerce of September 17th, 1987
charge of Patrimony or the closest regional authorities in order to inform the
enacting the Tunisian standard NT 109.03 related to the transportation of
concerned services, within a period not exceeding five days. The specialized
liquefied petroleum gas by pipelines.
authorities will take all the necessary measures of preservation by themselves or
 Law no. 88-20 of April 13th, 1988, as modified by the Law no.2005-13 of January if needed the supervision of the ongoing works.
26th, 2005, relating to revision of recasting the Forest Code, which includes the
 Order of the Ministry of National Economy of December 28th, 1994, enacting the
set of special rules applying to forests, esparto surfaces, pasture land, forest
Tunisian standard NT 106.04 concerning the limit values and guideline values of
occupied land, national parks and reserves, wild fauna and flora, in an effort to
the pollutants into the air.
ensure their protection, conservation and rational exploitation as well as to
guarantee that the users legally exercise their rights.  Law no. 95-73 of 24 July 1995, defining the natural public marine domain (sea
shore, lakes, lagoons and sebkhas in natural communication with the sea,
 Law no. 88-91 of August 2nd, 1988, relating to the creation of the "Agence
continental shelf, exclusive fishing zone, exclusive economic zone,..) and the
Nationale de Protection de l'Environnement" (ANPE) as modified by the Law no.
artificial public marine domain (harbours, sea ports, fortresses, etc.).
92-115 of November 30th, 1992. According to the terms of article 8 of this law,
the operators who impact the environment or whose activities cause  Order of the Minister of National Economy of August 15th, 1995, enacting the
environmental pollution through solid, liquid or gaseous waste are required to Tunisian standard NT 109.01 relating to safety procedures for construction of
eliminate, reduce or eventually recuperate the discharged matters as well as to combustible gas transport pipelines.
repair the resulting damages. The National Environmental Protection Agency
 Law no. 96-41 of June 10th, 1996, relating to wastes and the control of their
(ANPE) is allowed to go to court and defend any case to restore any damage to
management and disposal. Wastes are classified according to their origin as
public properties.
domestic waste or industrial waste and according to their characteristics as
 Order of the Ministry of National Economy of July 20th, 1989, enacting the dangerous, non-dangerous or inert waste. The management mode of the
Tunisian standard NT 106.02 which defines the conditions for discharging waste dangerous waste is regulated. The list of dangerous waste is fixed by Decree no.
effluents into the water bodies (marine public domain, hydraulic public domain 2000-2339 of October 10th, 2000. Wastes containing hydrocarbons, barium salts,
and public pipe network). This standard contributes to the application of Decree chlorides, heavy metals or polymers are considered as hazardous wastes.
no. 85- 56 of January 2nd, 1985, regulating waste disposal into the receiving
 Law no. 97-37 of June 2nd, 1997, instituting the rules relating to the transport by
environment.
road of hazardous waste to prevent the risks and damages likely to affect
persons, goods, and the environment. Hazardous wastes are divided into 9

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classes. The list and the definition of wastes of each class, which could be  Decree no. 2004-2144, dated 2 September 2004, setting the conditions for
transported by road, are determined by decree. energy consuming companies’ liability to be subject to compulsory periodic
energy audit. Under Article 13, new energy consuming projects with a total
 Law no. 99-93 of August 17th, 1999, promulgating the Hydrocarbons Code as
modified by the Law no. 2002-23 dated 14 February 2002, the Law no. 2004-61 erected power intended for electricity-supplied industrial equipments equal or
higher than a megawatt are subject to the compulsory consultation of the national
dated 27 July 2004 and the Law no. 2008-15 dated 18 February 2008. The
Hydrocarbons Code defines the judicial regime of preliminary exploration energy control agency prior to the commencement of the execution of such
projects, with a view of ensuring the project energy efficiency.
activities, exploration, the search and the exploration for hydrocarbons, as well as
the equipment and the installations pertaining to the execution of these activities  Decree no. 2005-1991 of July 11th, 2005, relating to the Environmental Impact
namely its articles 76 to 89. In the absence of an applicable legislation, the Study. Oil and natural gas exploration and extraction projects are subject to the
Holder shall comply with the rules, criteria, and sound practices in use in the environmental impact procedure.
petroleum industry in similar environment. The Holder is also required to:
 Decree no. 2005-2317 of August 22nd, 2005, relating to the creation of the
 Carry out an environmental impact study in compliance with the "Agence Nationale de Gestion des Déchets”, ANGed. With reference to article 8
applicable legislation and regulations and which shall be agreed upon, of this decree, the Agency prepares the specifications and the authorizations files
prior to any exploration and exploitation phase; relating to waste management in accordance with the regulation in force and
 Take all the measures in order to protect the environment and to follows up their execution. In addition, the Agency is assigned to keep an eye on
respect the commitments taken in the impact study as agreed upon by the registers and the notebooks that must be hold by the professional
the Granting Authority. establishments and the enterprises in charge of the collection, the transportation,
the elimination and the recovery of wastes for their account or for the account of
 To restore the rendered area and the working sites to their initial others.
condition so that no prejudice shall occur on short or long term basis to
the people's safety, the environment, the resources, in compliance with  Decree no. 2005-2933 of November 1st, 2005, establishing the remit of the
the applicable legislation and regulations”. Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (Ministère de
l’Environnement et du Développement Durable, MEDD), which includes the
 Law no. 2001-14 of January 30th, 2001, stating simplification of administrative requirement that the Tunisian government respects international environmental
procedures in relation to the authorizations delivered by the "Ministère de agreements.
l'Environnement et de l'Aménagement du Territoire" in the domain of its
competence.  Decree no. 2005-3395 of December 26th, 2005, fixing the conditions and the
modalities for collecting used accumulators and batteries.
 Decree no. 2002-335 of February 14th, 2002, fixing the threshold value beyond
which the waters consumption becomes subject to mandatory periodic technical  Order of the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Small and Medium-Sized
diagnosis of the equipment, works and production modes linked to water usage, Enterprises dated November 15th, 2005, setting the list of Hazardous
the conditions of appointing the experts, the nature and the periodicity of the Establishments. With reference to the Heading 2504 of this list, the gas
diagnosis. processing plant is classified in the 1st category. With reference to Heading 2505
and 2512 of this nomenclature, the Gas Treatment Plant falls within the first
 Decree no. 2002-693 of April 1st, 2002, fixing the conditions and modes for category (Heading 2505: gas liquefied at a pressure exceeding 1.2 bar and with a
lubricants and used filters recovery, in an effort to ensure their rational nominal capacity exceeding 120 m3, and Heading 2512: industrial manufacturing
management and to prevent any discharge to the environment. of flammable liquids the total quantity of which likely to be present on site is

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higher than or equal to 200 tons). The loading facilities serving the centre fall  The Archaeological, Historical and National Traditional Arts Heritage Code;
within the second category, as per the Heading 2514 of this nomenclature. The
 The international conventions ratified by Tunisia.
same applies to the compressors with a power higher than 300 kW, as per
Heading 1612. It should also be noted that the Tunisian legislation extends to the following
 Decree no. 2005-3395 of December 26th, 2005, fixing the conditions and the international conventions:
modes for collecting used accumulators and batteries.
 Convention for the protection of the cultural and natural world heritage, adopted
 Order of the Minister of the Environment and Sustainable Development of March in Paris, of October 17th to November 21st, 1972 (ratified by the Law no. 74-89 of
23rd, 2006, relating to the creation of a hazardous waste treatment unit and December 11th, 1974).
reception, storage and transfer centres.
 Convention on the conservation of the migratory species belonging to the wild
 Order of the Minister of Agriculture and Hydraulic Resources of July 19th, 2006 fauna, adopted in Bonn June 23rd, 1979 (ratified by the Law no. 86-63 of July
fixing the list of rare and endangered wild fauna and flora. 16th, 1986) ;
 Decree no. 2006-2687 of October 9th, 2006, defining the conditions for opening  Convention for the protection of the ozone layer, Vienna March 22nd, 1985
and operation of Hazardous Establishments. (adherence of Tunisia by the Law no. 89-54 of March 14th, 1989);
 Law no.2007-34 of June 4th, 2007, on air quality. Users of installations must  Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer, Montreal September 16th,
obligatory and before entering the phase of operation, equip their installations 1987 (adherence of Tunisia by the Law no. 89-55 of March 14th, 1989);
with non-polluting equipment and clean technologies allowing to prevent and
 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change signed in 1992 in Rio,
reduce source air pollutants. The users of installations producing emissions of
ratified by Tunisia on July 15th, 1993. Tunisia has the obligation to publish the
pollutants in the air must not exceed the limit values in their polluting emissions.
information related to the national inventory of greenhouse gases and to provide
 Order of the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Small and Medium-Sized an action plan to combat climate change and mitigate its adverse effects;
Enterprises dated August 8th, 2009, fixing the conditions of exploitation of
 The United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity signed by Tunisia in Rio
reservoirs containing liquefied flammable gases.
de Janeiro on June 13th, 1992, and ratified on May 3rd, 1993;
 Order of the Minister of Agriculture and Hydraulic Resources dated 14 August
 The Kyoto protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
2010, relating to the organization of hunting for the season 2010-2011.
Change strengthens the international response to climate change, adopted in
 Decree no. 2010-2519 Dated 28/09/2010, fixing the limit values to the source of Kyoto on the 10th of December 1997 (adherence of Tunisia by the Law no. 89-54
the air pollutants of fixed sources. of June 19th, 2002);
The regulating texts identified above cover most of the environmental issues,  The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants adopted on May
however the following also apply: 22nd, 2001, and approved by Tunisian Law no. 2004-18 of March 15th, 2004.
 Hydrocarbons Code;
 The Labour Code;
 The Urbanism and Land Use Code;

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2.3 Codes and Standards Reference Title

2.3.1 National Standards
NT 31.37 (2001) Extincteurs d’incendie portatifs – partie 3 : construction,
résistance a la pression, essais mécaniques
The design of the TGP facilities shall comply with all applicable Tunisian National
Standards (Norme Tunisienne). These include the following: NT 31.38 (1997) Extincteurs d’incendie portatifs – partie 4 : charges,
foyers minimaux exigibles
Reference Title
NT 31.39 (1997) Extincteurs d’incendie portatifs – partie 5 : spécifications
et essais complémentaires
NT 31.01 (1999) Matériel de lutte contre l’incendie – plaques de
signalisation pour prises et points d’eau
NT 31.47 (1991) Protection contre l’incendie – vocabulaire – partie 1 :
termes généraux et phénomènes du feu
NT 31.02 (1988) Protection contre l’incendie – signaux de sécurité
NT 31.03 (1988) Equipement de protection et de lutte contre l’incendie –
protection structurale contre l’incendie
symboles graphiques pour plans de protection contre
l’incendie - spécification
détection et alarme incendie
NT 31.04 (1988) Protection contre l’incendie – agents extincteurs -
poudres
équipements et moyens d’extinction
NT 31.05 (2001) Protection individuelle – équipement de protection des
yeux et du visage pour le soudage et les techniques
connexes
désenfumage
NT 31.15 (1999) Matériels de lutte contre l’incendie – robinets d’incendie
armés (R.I.A.) – règles d’installation et de maintenance
évacuation et moyens d’évacuation
NT 31.31 (1985) Classes de feux
NT 31.53 (1991) Moyens de détection et de suppression des explosions
NT 31.33 (1997) Protection contre l’incendie – agents extincteurs :
NT 31.70 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – dispositions
dioxyde de carbone
générales
NT 31.34 (1997) Protection contre l’incendie – systèmes d’extinction
NT 31.71 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – centralisateurs
automatiques du type sprinkler – partie 1 : prescriptions
de mise en sécurité incendie (c.m.s.i.) – règles de
et méthodes d’essai des sprinklers
conception
NT 31.35 (1997) Extincteurs d’incendie portatifs – partie 1 : appellation,
NT 31.72 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – unités de
durée de fonctionnement, foyers-type de classes A et B
signalisation (u.s.) – règles de conception
NT 31.36 (1997) Extincteurs d’incendie portatifs – partie 2 : étanchéité,
NT 31.73 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – équipements
essai diélectrique, essai de tassement, dispositions
d’alarme (e.a.) – règles de conception
spéciales

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Reference Title Reference Title
NT 31.74 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – dispositifs NT 109.15 (1988) Hydrocarbures liquides- Règles d'aménagement et
actionnes de sécurité (d.a.s.) d’exploitation des dépôts d’hydrocarbures liquides de
1ére et 2éme classe, de capacité fictive globale au plus
NT 31.75 (1999) Systèmes de sécurité incendie (s.s.i.) – dispositifs de égale à 1000 mètres cubes.
commande manuelle (d.c.m.) - dispositifs de commande
manuelle regroupes (d.c.m.r.) – dispositifs de NT 109.01 (1984) Sécurité pour les ouvrages de transport de gaz
commande avec signalisation (d.c.s.) – dispositifs combustible par canalisation.
adapteurs de commande (d.a.c.)
NT 109.09 (1987) Conditions à remplir par les réservoirs enterrés dans
NT 31.103 (1999) Installations fixes de lutte contre l’incendie – systèmes lesquels sont emmagasinés les liquides inflammables.
équipes de tuyaux – partie 1 : robinets d’incendie armes
équipes de tuyaux semi-rigides
NT 31.104 (1999) Installations fixes de lutte contre l’incendie – systèmes

équipes de tuyaux – partie 2 : postes d’eau muraux 2.3.2 International Codes and Standards
équipes de tuyaux plats
European Standards
NT 31.130 (2004) Lutte contre l’incendie – extincteurs portatifs –
performances et construction European Standards (EN) including the following:
NT 31.133 (2004) Agents extincteurs – émulseurs – partie 3 : Reference Title

spécifications pour les émulseurs bas foisonnement
destines a une application par le haut sur les liquides EN 2 Classification of fires
miscibles a l’eau
EN 54/1 Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems Part 1: Introduction.
NT 31.134 (2004) Extincteurs sur roues – performances et construction
EN 54/5 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 5: Heat detectors:
NT 31.135 (2004) Protections contre l’incendie – extincteurs portatifs et Point detectors.
extincteurs sur roues – partie 1 : choix et installation
EN 54/7 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 7: Smoke detectors
NT 31.136 (2004) Protections contre l’incendie – extincteurs portatifs et Point detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or
extincteurs sur roues – partie 2 : contrôle et ionization.
maintenance
EN 54/10 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 10: Flame detectors
NT 106.02 (1989) Homologation de la norme tunisienne relative aux rejets Point detectors.
d'effluents dans le milieu hydrique EN54/11 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 11: Manual call
points.
NT 106.04 (1994) Homologation de la norme Tunisienne relative aux
valeurs limites et valeurs guides des polluants dans l'air EN54/20 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 20: Aspirating
ambiant NT 106.04 (1994) smoke detectors.

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Reference Title Reference Title
EN54/23 Fire detection and fire alarm systems Part 23: Fire alarm API RP 750 Management of Process Hazards
devices - Visual alarm devices.
API RP 752 Management of Hazards Associated With Location of Process
BS EN 60079-14 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres. Plant Buildings
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards API 2031 Combustible Gas Detection
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards including the following: API 2218 Fireproofing Practices for Petroleum and Petrochemical
Processing Plants
Reference Title
Other Standards
NFPA 10 Portable Fire Extinguishers
Reference Title
NFPA 14 Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
IEC 60079 Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres (all parts)
NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
IEC 61508 Functional Safety of Electrical / Electronic / Programmable
NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code
Electronic Safety-Related Systems
NFPA 70 National Electrical Code
IEC 61511 Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Sector
NFPA 71 Installations, Maintenance and Use of Central Station
IEC 61882 HAZOP Studies - Application Guide.
Signalling Systems
ISO 17776 Guidance on tools and techniques for hazard identification and
NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code
risk assessment
American Petroleum Institute Standards ISO 22899 Part 1 Jet Fire Test
American Petroleum Institute Standards (API) Standards including the following: GAP.2.5.2 GAP Guidelines : Oil and Chemical Plant Layout and Spacing
World Bank Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook,
Reference Title Part III “Project Guidelines - Industry Sector Guidelines”, 1998
WHO World Health Organisation, “Air Quality Guidelines for
API RP 505 Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Europe”, Second Edition.
Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as
ASHRAE International Standards for Ventilation and Air
Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2
Conditioning Engineers Handbook.
API Std 520 Sizing, Selection and Installation of Pressure Relieving
Systems in Refineries
API Std 521 Guide for Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems

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2.4 Hierarchy of Documents 3.0 SAFETY DESIGN PRINCIPLES

In case of conflict between the Company’s specifications and the referenced Rules, 3.1 Overview
Codes and Standard the following order of priority shall apply:
The design shall be developed with the intent that all HSSE hazards have been
1. Tunisian Regulations and Laws. identified and that risks have been reduced to a level that is As Low As Reasonably
2. Project Specifications and Standards Practicable (ALARP). Safety and assurance of ALARP in design shall be achieved
by the implementation of design measures in the following order of preference:
3. International Codes and Standards.
4. Data Sheets(s)  Hazard Elimination.
5. Industry Codes and Standards  Hazard Prevention.
 Hazard Control.
 Hazard Mitigation.
 Hazard Recovery.
Procedural measures for risk reduction may be employed only if there is no suitable
design or engineering based alternative.
Throughout the design of the installation, emphasis shall be placed on:

 Provision of safe working conditions for personnel working on the pipeline
facilities and in the immediate environs.
 Prevention of hazardous events, including:
- Adequate segregation and separation in plant and equipment layout.
- Minimising hazardous inventories and storage.
- Use of proven equipment.
- Design simplification.
- Use of corrosion resistant materials.
 The control or mitigation of the consequences of potential accident events to
achieve minimal risk to any surrounding population, to personnel, to assets and
to the environment.
 Provision of sufficient safety devices and redundancy to isolate and minimise
uncontrolled releases of flammable and toxic substances.

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 Provision of appropriate fire protection equipment to rapidly bring under control cannot be achieved, construction of buildings should be sufficient to withstand the
and extinguish any reasonably foreseeable fire which could develop during effects of accidental loads.
normal operations.
 Orientation of the facilities such that prevailing winds direct flammable and toxic
 Protection of the environment. gases away from sources of ignition, process equipment, hydrocarbon storage,
flare and vent areas, safe areas or inhabited property outside the boundary
 Minimal adverse impact on the local community.
fence.
 Minimum damage to equipment and prevention of downtime that could be
 Design the facilities so that the detrimental effects of natural forces are minimal.
jeopardized by the occurrence of hazards.
 Adequate ventilation shall be ensured to avoid the accumulation of flammable
 Ensuring adequate means of Emergency Response (ER) and escape and rescue
gases.
in the event of an emergency.
 Vents are located so as to cause minimum interference or hazard to facilities,
 Design according to Tunisian Regulations and Company HSSE requirements,
personnel, general public and offsite properties.
standards and guidelines, together with accepted national and international
standards.  Suitable drainage and spill control.
3.2 Location, Orientation and Layout  Emergency shutdown systems shall be provided and located in such a way that
they are unlikely to be damaged by an incident. Shutdown valves shall be fire-
3.2.1 General
rated and located at minimum practicable distance from the vessels and
The layout of all sites, including equipment and buildings, shall be arranged to equipment served. Battery limit ESD valves shall be located outside the potential
provide safe separation distances and safe access for operation, maintenance, and fire exposed area as defined by API RP 2218, or the valves, actuators and signal
emergency escape. lines shall be protected with passive fire protection (PFP).
 Fire fighting equipment shall be located away from any units having high fire
The general criteria to be observed for the layout of TGP Project sites are described
potential.
in GAP Guidelines GAP.2.5.2: Oil and Chemical Plant Layout and Spacing
 Adequate separation between flammable hydrocarbons and ignition sources shall
3.2.2 Risk Minimisation Criteria be provided.
The following safety principles governing plant layout shall be taken into account  Facility layout shall be arranged to meet the safety requirements for hazardous
when designing the TGP pipeline facilities: area classification and the selection of electrical equipment. Site roads, parking
areas and buildings such as control rooms, substations, LERs and frequently
 Adequate separation shall be provided between hydrocarbon-handling areas manned buildings should be located in areas that are classified as non-
(hazardous areas) and emergency services, main safety equipment, escape hazardous.
routes, areas to be non-hazardous and permanently manned buildings;
 Process piping and equipment, which are potential sources of hydrocarbon leaks,
 Safety critical buildings such as control rooms and frequently manned buildings should be routed, as far is reasonably practicable, so as to minimise the
shall be preferentially located so that they are largely unaffected by incident heat likelihood of external impacts (e.g. from vehicles, maintenance devices, etc.).
radiation or explosion overpressures resulting from credible accidents. Where this

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 Crash barriers shall be provided where there is any possibility of vehicle impact  Every escape route shall be readily accessible at all times, unobstructed, well-
with pipelines, production equipment, piperacks, high voltage transmission lines, marked and provided with adequate emergency lighting.
fire hydrants, etc. (e.g. at road crossings).
 Where changes in elevation of escape routes occur, ramps or stairways shall be
 Sun shades and adequate natural ventilation shall be provided at frequently provided. Their minimum clear width shall generally be the same as the escape
manned equipment to prevent heat stress to personnel. route they serve.
 A security fence with normal and emergency egress gates shall be provided  All doors and gates on escape routes shall be easily opened from either side and
around the facility area. shall not be possible of being permanently locked, except by frangible elements.
3.2.3 Access and Evacuation Doors that open out onto an escape route shall not reduce the escape path width
below the minimum required.
To easily access facilities for operational or maintenance reasons and to quickly
 All doors shall be illuminated by an emergency lighting system.
escape from the area involved in a potential dangerous situation, the design of the
site layout should also achieve the following safety requirements.  Wind socks shall be installed at each site in prominent positions, to indicate to
personnel the likely direction of gas clouds.
Access
3.3 Pipeline
All equipment shall be provided with safe and ergonomically comfortable means of The pipeline route shall meet the following criteria:
access for operations, inspection and maintenance.
 The pipeline route shall be selected to ensure that the risk to persons and to the
As far as reasonably practicable, fixed means of access shall be provided to environment is As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP).
equipment requiring access from above grade. Equipment requiring frequent access
 The pipeline route shall be the shortest which causes the least amount of
above grade, say on average once or more often during a shift, shall be reached by
interference with existing facilities.
stairs. Access ladders shall be side access type.
 Consideration shall be given to the possible future development of the area near
Emergency Escape to the pipeline route.
 From any point in the facilities, personnel should have at least two, separate  The number of crossings of existing roads, tracks and other services shall be
paths to muster or assembly areas (see below). minimised.
 At least one assembly area, safely located, shall be provided to receive  Pipelines shall cross existing roads, tracks and other services at right angles
escaping personnel in case of emergency conditions in the pipeline facilities, so wherever possible, and in no case at less than 60o, unless dictated by local
permitting the emergency supervisor to easily account for the operating restraints.
personnel. The assembly area shall be safe in prevailing wind conditions. The  Pipelines shall generally be routed no closer than 15m from existing pipelines or
area shall be identified with a large sign and should have a sheltered telephone. structures.
 To ensure adequate means of escape, the site fence shall be provided with a  Parallelisms with existing overhead power cables shall be avoided where
minimum of two gates for personnel use, each located in a separate sector of the possible. Where pipelines are routed parallel to overhead power cables, a
site. minimum separation of at least 50m shall be maintained.

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 The minimum separation from existing oil, gas and water wells shall be 120m. personnel, the environment and to the assets are identified, the risks understood and
appropriate preventative and remedial action applied.
 The minimum clearance of pipelines from existing burn pits shall be 100m.
 Pipelines shall use existing corridors wherever possible, with adequate 3.4.1 HAZID/ENVID Study
separation from existing roads, pipelines and other property. The Contractor shall arrange a HAZID/ENVID study to provide a systematic analysis
 Environmentally sensitive areas, including plantations, shall be avoided. of the TGP Pipeline Project to identify any hazards to the environment, personnel
and equipment. The HAZID/ENVID study will cover all the project phases, including
 The location of line valve stations (sectionalising valves) shall be selected with construction, operations, commissioning, start-up and abandonment.
full consideration given to the route topography and surroundings such as
populated areas and the need to limit the inventory of a potential leak. 3.4.2 Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) Reviews
 The main isolation valve at each line valve station (LVS) shall be located in a pit A HAZOP is a structured and rigorous review of a plant or unit on a system by
with the associated instruments mounted in an accessible position above grade. system basis that applies pre-determined guidewords to the process design. It
The valve pits should be backed filled with sand or gravel. The line valve stations considers the safe design and operability of the plant process with respect to
shall be secured against unauthorised access and monitored by CCTV. deviations from its normal mode of operation. The objective of the study is to detect
 Where several line valves are located in the same LVS (gas, propane and butane latent faults or hazardous interactions and identify where improvements to safety and
pipeline valves) each valve shall be far enough separated and/or protected with operability are necessary.
passive fire insulation so that a fire involving one isolation valve is unlikely to
3.4.3 Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Review
affect another pipeline or isolation valve.
The purpose of a SIL review is to establish the required safety integrity level for
 The pipeline design factor, depth of burial and arrangements at road, rail and
instrument systems, based on the risk of injury to people, the financial loss due to
other crossings shall meet Tunisian regulations and national and international
potential damage to equipment and the level of potential damage to the environment.
standards.
 Pipeline construction shall be specified to minimise the possibility of loss of The definition of SIL levels is thus determined on a risk-based analysis considering
containment from all causes including corrosion, accidental impact by third inherent hazards of the process, the degree of safeguarding, mitigation and control
parties, and natural hazards such as landslip or seismicity. systems and the desired functionality of the system.
3.4 Hazard Management Process 3.5 Safety Studies and Related Activities
3.5.1 Safety Assessment
The role of the hazard management process is to support effectively the engineering
design activities by identifying and understanding the hazards, their associated risk During the detailed engineering design of the TGP facilities, the EPC Contractor
levels and ensuring the appropriate specification of design accidental loads. This is shall carry out or update the following safety studies and related activities:
with the overall aim that the health, safety and environmental risks associated with
the TGP facilities shall be as low as reasonably practicable.  Preparation of Safety Critical Elements and Performance Standards.
In support of this aim, the Contractor shall carry out hazard identification and  Operability and Maintainability Review.
assessment studies of health, safety and environmental risks so that hazards to  Vapour Cloud and Dispersion Modelling.

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 Plot Plan Review. 3.6 Safety Action Management System

 Active and Passive Fire Protection Report. A Safety Action Management System (SAMS) shall be developed and implemented
 Fire and Gas Detection Study and Layouts. to:
 Fire Risk Analysis.  Ensure that all project members/disciplines/organisations/contractors have a

 Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA). formal mechanism by which to raise and/or resolve safety concerns;
 ALARP Demonstration.  Control and track all safety actions resulting from safety concerns formally raised
during the design;
This information shall be used to confirm the design and arrangement of the  Provide a means of alerting the appropriate discipline/project organisation of an
pipelines and related facilities, and as input to the Safety Study (Étude de Danger) to identified safety action, and allowing the discipline/project organisation to resolve
assist demonstration that the risk from TGP pipeline operations is ALARP. the concern by reasoning and/or a proposed alternative course of action;
3.5.2 Safety Study (Étude de Danger)  Verify that the conclusions made, and any resulting recommendations, are
properly realised into the design and to the appropriate documentation.
The Safety Study (Étude de Danger) will be carried out during EPC phase by an
Independent Consultant with the assistance of the Contractor to evaluate the risk These objectives will enable an auditable trail to be established for all safety actions.
associated with TGP facilities, according to the requirements of Tunisian regulations
and Company standards.
The EPC contractor will be fully responsible to deliver the safety Study (Étude de
Danger), the independent consultant or the engineering company performing this
study shall be approved by Company.
The purpose of the Safety Study is to formally demonstrate to legislating authorities

and other interested parties that:
 The design and operating practices of the TGP facilities including the pipelines
will be safe.
 Emergency plans are in place to adequately manage potential major accidents.
 The risk to the surrounding population and to workers is effectively controlled and
in line with regulatory and Company acceptance criteria.

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4.0 PROCESS DESIGN 4.2 Emergency Shutdown System
4.1 Process Safety Criteria The main purpose of the Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) is to prevent
potentially hazardous conditions from developing into hazard or accident situations
The design of process equipment shall respect the safety requirements listed below: as well as to minimise the consequences of accidental events.
 The process design shall ensure that in the potential event of a single operational The overall ESD system shall meet the following criteria:
failure, no hazardous condition is reached in other sections of the process and
utility systems not involved in the initial failure.  The activation of the ESD system shall result in a shutdown of all the relevant
 Vessels and other equipment should be suitable for their operational duty facilities.
and all reasonably expected forces such as tank contents, ground settlement,  It will be possible to actuate ESD either automatically on Fire and Gas Detection
frost, wind, earthquake and others as appropriate. or manually by means of push-buttons located in the control room and throughout
 Line valve stations and battery limit ESD valves shall be provided as appropriate the facilities;
to limit the loss of hydrocarbon material in the event of potential loss of  The shutdown system, including sensors, actuators and associated connections
containment. Other ESD valves shall be provided where necessary to achieve and circuits, shall operate independently from other process and alarm systems.
process safety, such as to protect against system overpressure.  As far as reasonably practicable, the ESD system and its components shall be
 Maintenance activities on process equipment will be protected by ensuring arranged to ‘fail safe’ in the event of system failure or loss of control signal.
positive isolation from the process and purging and draining. The process and  ESD valves including actuators and associated control lines shall be located
utility equipment shall be provided with the facilities required to achieve this. and/or protected with passive fire insulation to ensure isolation can be achieved
Vessel manways shall be minimum 600mm diameter. under potential fire conditions, as noted in Section 8.4.
 Relieving systems shall meet the requirements of API Std 520 and API Std 521.  The ESD system shall be based on programmable microprocessor(s). Sensors
 All pipes containing hydrocarbons shall be arranged in such a way as to minimise will be hardwired.
the risk of mechanical damage as far as is reasonably practicable, either as a
result of vehicular movement or dropped object. The ESD system shall be characterised by logic with a number of intervention levels
 Potential leak points such as flanged connections, small bore connections etc whose priority shall be defined in relation to the extent of the deviations and their
shall as far as practicable be eliminated or made robust against leak. possible effects on production continuity, personnel and equipment safety.
 Fail safe equipment shall be provided in order to limit the effects of failures or
Care shall be taken in the design and structure of the ESD system to eliminate
leakages.
common-cause failures. The ESD system shall have sufficient separation/protection
 Materials of containment shall be selected to reduce potential corrosion and to ensure that a failure in any part of the system would not cause other part of the
erosion. system being inoperative. ESD valves shall be not auto-reset: individual local and
 Pig launchers and receivers shall have a secure system to ensure that the remote (under a detailed operating procedure) reset shall be provided for ESD
pigging equipment is fully depressured and drained before the pig trap door can valves.
be opened.
 Pig launchers and receivers doors shall be orientated so that their access doors The ESD system shall initiate shutdown and other protective actions as noted in the
Cause and Effect Diagram.
point away from other process equipment.

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4.3 Flare, Vent and Blowdown Systems Drain systems serving hazardous areas shall be physically separated from drains
4.3.1 Flares and Vents serving non-hazardous areas. This separation shall ensure that communication
between hazardous and non-hazardous areas via the drain system is prevented.
The discharge of fluids for normal and emergency depressurisation shall be routed to
suitably designed flare or vent systems as follows: Two different kinds of drain systems shall be provided, considering the water and oil
content of different spills or drainages at both sites:
 Pigging facilities at Tataouine GTP: The discharge of flammable vapours and
gases shall be discharged via connection to the main site flare system.  Closed Drain System, collecting process drains coming from vessels and
other equipment, that will be stored in a dedicated vessel and periodically sent to
 At valve stations and any remote pigging facilities, connections shall be
treatment.
provided suitable for temporary connection to either a mobile flare or other safe
 Open Drain System, collecting oily waters coming from the washing of process
vent system.
paved areas. Oil is separated prior to the discharge of water and the separated
The Contractor shall determine the location and the height of the vent stacks using oil is sent to the closed drain drums.
gas dispersion calculations to ensure that flammable limits or toxic concentrations  Kerbs or drip pans shall be provided under potential leak source (e.g. vessel and
are not exceeded at ground level or nearby elevated working areas under any pumps) to contain any spillage of flammable liquids. Paved areas shall be
conceivable conditions. appropriately sloped to low points away from equipment, pig launchers and
receivers and pipe racks.
Continuous flaring or venting of flammable gas or vapours should be avoided, except
where required for safety reasons such as equipment purging, or breathers on small Arrangements for the disposal of drained fluids at the various sites associated with
ancillary tanks. the TGP pipeline facilities shall be as follows:
Pig Launchers and Receivers
4.3.2 Pressure Relief and Blowdown Drained fluids shall be disposed of via connection to the main site drainage systems.
Line Valve Stations
Pressurised vessels including pig launchers and receivers shall be provided with
Drained fluid shall be collected in safety containers for safe disposal elsewhere.
pressure safety valves as required by API Std 520 and API Std 521.
4.5 Pig Launchers and Receivers
4.4 Drain Systems
All pig launchers and receivers shall be equipped with a secure and robust key
Drainage systems shall be provided to convey drainage liquids from equipment and
operated interlock system, designed to ensure that the pig trap end closure cannot
plant area to treatment and disposal facilities. Drainage systems shall be designed
be opened until the equipment is fully isolated, drained and depressured.
to:
 Safely dispose hydrocarbons during drain-down of equipment.

 Contain any spillage of flammable liquids.
 Minimise the spread of spills and fires.
 Prevent the backflow and fire spread through the system.
 Avoid the possible impact on the environment caused by any accidental spills.

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5.0 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Electrical equipment to be installed in a hazardous area shall be suitable for use in
that area, taking account of the zone classification and the types of flammable
5.1 General material present. Electrical equipment used or installed in a classified hazardous
area shall also:
The electrical system design shall be according to Company, national and
internationally recognised codes and standards to ensure the following:
 Comply with the requirements of IEC 60079.
 Safety of personnel and equipment.  Be ATEX certified by a recognised international authority (e.g. IEC, CENELEC,
BASEEFA, CESI).
 Reliability of service.
 Sufficient emergency power to support safety critical activities and operations. All piping and mechanical equipment installed in a hazardous area shall be specified
to minimise the risk that the equipment causes the ignition of a gas or vapour leak.
5.2 Hazardous Area Classification
 External hot surfaces exceeding the auto-ignition temperature of potential
The new facilities shall be classified according to the degree of hazard and the flammable leaks shall be insulated.
probability of flammable gas and liquids being released.
 Operation of the equipment under normal or fault conditions shall be unlikely to
The classification shall be carried out in accordance with the procedures described in cause a spark.
API Recommended Practice 505, according to which hazardous areas are classified
 Piping and equipment shall be earthed and bonded against the generation of an
into zones based on an assessment of the frequency of the occurrence and duration
electrostatic charge.
of an explosive gas atmosphere.
 All internal combustion engines that will be installed in a hazardous area shall be
Areas will be classified as Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2 or will be unclassified (i.e. non- specified with safety precautions according to EN 1834-1:2000 requirements (e.g.
hazardous), using the definitions given in the API Recommended Practice 505, as protections for air intakes, automatic trip of the engine in case of overspeed, etc.).
follows:
The analyser houses each contain piped sample gas that is a potential source of
Zone 0 A location in which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases release. As far as reasonably practicable, analyser houses shall be adequately
or vapours are present continuously or for long periods of time ventilated as defined by API RP 505.
Zone 1 A location in which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases The following areas shall be defined as non-hazardous either by location or, if
or vapours are likely to exist under normal operating conditions enclosed, by positive pressurisation by the enclosure ventilation system:
or because of repair or maintenance operations or because of
leakage  Areas for emergency power generation and distribution.
 Control rooms and other instrument and electrical equipment rooms or buildings.
Zone 2 A location in which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases
or vapours are not likely to occur in normal operation and if they  Air intakes to non-hazardous enclosures.
do occur will exist only for a short period
 Emergency muster areas.
Unclassified Zone A location not classified as Zone 0, Zone 1 or Zone 2.
Area classification drawings shall be prepared to include the following information:

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 Identification of sources of release both at grade and at elevation. 6.0 FIRE AND GAS DETECTION AND ALARM
 Instrument and process vents. 6.1 General
 The classification and extent of all hazardous zones.
A Fire and Gas (F&G) Detection System shall be provided in all working areas and
 Notes regarding selection of electrical equipment. buildings to monitor the presence of fire or flammable gas, alert personnel and
initiate other executive actions as appropriate.
5.3 Emergency Power
No H2S is expected in the gases from the concessions. Toxic gas detection is not
An emergency power supply system is required to ensure the continued operation of
required for the facilities.
safety critical systems and activities, and an orderly shutdown of process units in
case of main power supply failure. Electrical storage batteries meet the need for The arrangement and type of fire and gas detectors shall be according to Company
emergency power, which is required by the following systems: and international standards.
 Fire and gas detection system. Sufficient fire or gas detectors shall be provided at all sites to ensure that a potential
 Fire protection system. fire or gas event is likely to be detected by at least two detectors, taking account of
the potential failure of any detector to operate or to detect an event. For fire zones
 ESD system. where detectors are arranged to initiate automatic actions such as ESD, a minimum
 Emergency and escape lighting. of three fire or gas detectors shall be installed in each fire zone and these shall be
arranged to vote on a two out of N basis, where N is the number of detectors in the
 Alarm and communication systems.
fire zone.
 Any other safety critical or life support equipment.
The detailed provision of equipment for the fire and gas detection and alarm system
shall be according to the Fire and Gas Detection Report.
6.2 Fire Detection

6.2.1 Introduction
Fire detection systems shall be installed at all fenced sites including the Line Valve
Stations where it is considered that the development of a fire constitutes a possible
threat to personnel and to the plant. The fire detection system shall be designed to:
 Detect a fire as early as possible.

 Initiate protective actions such as emergency shutdown (on confirmed fire
detection).
 Alert the control room operators and site personnel of the danger.

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The selection of type, location and number of the fire detectors shall take into  One or more smoke detectors operate:
account the following issues:
- Alarm at the operator control station.
 The characteristics of a potential fire. - Initiate site general alarm.
 Ambient conditions and other factors that might cause spurious alarms or the 6.3 Flammable Gas Detection
inability to effectively detect a genuine fire.
6.3.1 Introduction
 The influence of the ventilation air flow patterns and shielding by beams,
equipment and piping. Flammable gas detection shall be provided at all locations including the Line Valve
Stations where accidental releases or ignition of flammable gas constitutes a
 The need to provide adequate and safe accessibility to the detector units for possible threat to plant or personnel. Flammable gas detectors shall be installed in
maintenance and testing. plant areas taking account of the more likely sources of leaking hydrocarbons, and at
6.2.2 Fire Detectors ventilation and combustion air intakes.
At all the fenced sites, triple IR flame detectors are positioned to monitor each site The flammable gas detection shall be designed to:
for fires. The effective range of each flame detector shall be a minimum of 12m.
 Detect a release of flammable gas as early as possible and warn site
Flame detectors shall be installed approximately 2.5m above grade, as necessary personnel and control station operators of impending danger.
avoid blind spots and provide monitoring of all areas where fires may occur.
 Initiate the ESD system (on confirmed gas detection) and other protective actions
Each analyser house shall be provided with smoke and fire detection as part of a such as shutdown of non-certified electrical equipment.
supply package.
The requirement for, location, number and type of flammable gas detectors shall be
6.2.3 Executive Action based on an evaluation of:
Flame detectors shall be installed for alarm and shutdown action: 2ooN voting is  Process conditions (e.g. high pressure, low temperature) or type of hydrocarbon
required where N is the number of fire detectors installed in the fire zone (minimum 3 fluids present which could affect the dispersion and buoyancy of the released
fire detectors). Operation of the fire detection system shall initiate the following gas. Although leaking produced gas would behave as lighter than air gas, it is
actions. noted that potential propane and butane leaks would release heavier than air
vapour.
 One flame detector operates: alarm at the operator control station.
 Ambient conditions and other factors that might cause spurious alarms or the
 Two or more flame detectors operate: inability to effectively detect a genuine release of flammable material.
- Alarm at the operator control station.  The need to protect the interface between plant areas in hydrocarbon service and
- Initiate emergency shutdown. utility areas and buildings that contain unprotected sources of ignition.
- Initiate site emergency blowdown (where provided).  Site layout such as the presence of poorly ventilated areas, sumps and pits etc
that might collect flammable gas and vapour.
- Initiate site general alarm.

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6.3.2 Gas Detectors 6.4 Manual Alarm Callpoints
Flammable gas detectors shall be of the infra-red type. Either point type or beam In addition to automatic fire detection devices, Manual Alarm Callpoints (MAC) shall
type (open path) flammable gas detectors may be considered. The maximum beam be provided at all fenced sites. The callpoints shall be located so that working
length for LOS detectors shall be 25m and they should be installed approximately personnel could easily raise the alarm if a hazardous situation is detected. A single
2.5m above grade to minimise the potential for interference with the beam paths. MAC activation will raise a local audible alarm/beacon and an alarm at the GTP
Control Room.
The LOS detectors will typically be positioned in parallel either side of the pig
launchers/receivers to enable a gas cloud of a maximum of 10m diameter to be The MAC’s shall be strategically positioned on escape routes, including at all access
detected. Additional line of sight gas detectors shall be installed as appropriate to and emergency gates in the site fence and at each exit from buildings. The
protect critical interfaces between plant areas in hydrocarbon service and maximum distance between two MACs shall not exceed 20 m.
unprotected sources of ignition.
6.5 General Alarms
6.3.3 Executive Action
A visual and audible general alarm will be installed as part of the PAGA system at
The arrangement and operation of gas detectors should meet the following aims: each fenced site to alert personnel to an emergency. The general alarms will be
initiated automatically on confirmed fire or gas, by operation of the MACs and can
Flammable gas detectors shall be installed for alarm and shutdown action: 2ooN also be activated manually from the control room.
voting is required where N is the number of gas detectors installed in the fire zone
(minimum 3 gas detectors). Operation of the gas detection system shall initiate the The general alarm beacon/sounders will be installed near the main site access
following actions. gates.
 One gas detector operates {high (50% LEL) or low level (20% LEL) gas
concentration}: alarm at the operator control station.
 Two or more gas detectors operate {high level gas concentration (50% LEL)}:
- Alarm at the operator control station.
- Initiate emergency shutdown.
- Initiate site emergency blowdown (where provided).
- Isolate electrical equipment not located in enclosed, gas tight buildings and
not suitable for operation in a Zone 1 classified area.
- Shutdown building ventilation systems and close associated fire and gas
dampers.
- Shutdown emergency generator.
- Initiate site general alarm.

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7.0 FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 12kg, rather than a more typical 9kg, is selected based on the availability of this
type of extinguisher in Tunisia.
7.1 General
 One wheeled dry powder extinguisher of 50 kg capacity shall be provided at each
The sites associated with the TGP pipeline scope variously involve the transport of
site.
highly flammable hydrocarbon gas streams under pressure. The gas stream is
mainly methane.  Portable carbon dioxide extinguishers of 5kg capacity shall be provided at the
analyser houses and instrument/telecoms shelters.
The main mode of dispersion of a significant gas leak would be as a result of
momentum transfer to the air. On losing its momentum, the hydrocarbon gas would  The extinguishers shall be conspicuously located where they are readily
be relatively buoyant. accessible and immediately available in the event of fire.
The pipeline sites are relatively small and production plant is in the open.  Extinguishers located in the open shall be provided with sand proof and
weatherproof storage cabinets.
The pipeline sites (Sales gas and raw gas) will be infrequently attended, although the
pipeline facilities at Tataouine will be near to other manned production sites. At At LVS, visiting personnel will bring one dry chemical powder fire extinguisher and
Tataouine, emergency attendance by a fire brigade would be available. one carbon dioxide extinguisher in their transport vehicle.
Suitable fire fighting equipment shall be provided, in line with Tunisian government 7.3 Fire Water Hydrants and Hoses
regulations, Company and national standards, and NFPA and API codes and
standards. The location of the pipeline pigging facilities within the main GTP site at Tataouine
will be determined by the EPC Contractor for the GTP. Depending on the location
No automatic or fixed fire fighting equipment is required for the pipeline scope,
selected, it may be practicable to extend the fire water network at the main site to the
unless specifically noted in this document.
pigging facilities and to provide additional fire water hydrants and hose boxes at the
Fire protection equipment shall be designed and located taking into account the local pipeline facilities. This will be assessed at detailed design stage once the GTP site
environmental conditions, possibility of sand accumulation etc. Particular care shall layout has been established. In the event that a connection to the main site fire
be taken in locating fire fighting equipment to prevent danger to personnel operating water system is impracticable, no stand alone fire water system will be provided.
them during emergency conditions: generally, fire fighting equipment should be
positioned on escape routes. 7.4 Passive Fire Protection
7.2 Portable Fire Fighting Equipment The goal of passive fire protection (PFP) is primarily the protection of personnel in
the event of a fire with secondary consideration being given to the protection of plant
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided at the sites for pipeline pig launching and equipment combined with environmental protection requirements. In the context
and receiving to provide a first line of defence against fires of small magnitude. The of the TGP pipeline network and associated sites, PFP systems shall achieve this
portable fire extinguishers shall be selected, installed and located in accordance with goal by:
the requirements of NFPA 10 Portable Fire Extinguishers.
 Preventing the escalation of fires due to progressive release of inventory.
 Portable dry chemical powder extinguishers of 12 kg capacity shall be positioned
 Protecting safety critical systems for sufficient time to enable them to carry out
at readily accessible locations along escape routes, so that the maximum travel
their intended function.
distance to an extinguisher from any working area is not more than 15m. A
minimum of two extinguishers shall be installed at each site. The capacity of

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 Protecting equipment whose failure in the case of a local fire could cause 8.0 PERSONNEL HEALTH AND SAFETY
extensive damage to the environment and assets.
8.1 General
In line with the Fire Protection Report, the following piping and equipment located at
sites for pigging facilities shall be protected with PFP: To ensure the safety and health of personnel, various types of facilities and
equipment for personal protection shall be provided and strategically located
 PFP of the pipeline battery limit ESD valves and the above ground sections of the
throughout the plant areas and buildings to be appropriate for the local hazards and
pipeline outboard of the ESD valves, to provide protection for a minimum of one
operating activities.
hour under ISO 22899-1 or equivalent hydrocarbon jet fire test conditions (two
hours under standard hydrocarbon fire test conditions). 8.2 Personal Safety Equipment
 PFP or fire resistant specification to ensure that the pipeline battery limit ESD
8.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
valve actuators (including pneumatic and hydraulic instrument lines / systems)
remain functional for at least 5 minutes in jet fire conditions. Company will provide personnel with all required personal safety equipment such as
hard hats, safety boots, safety spectacles, overalls etc. The EPC Contractor shall
provide construction personnel with suitable personnel protective equipment during
site construction.
The following safety equipment, stored in a suitable ambient condition, shall be
provided as a minimum:
Table 8-1 Summary of Personal Protective Equipment
Item Comment
Safety shoes Safety footwear shall meet EN345-

1 S1
Polycarbonate helmets
Safety spectacles
Work gloves
Coveralls One piece overalls, fire retardant

and antistatic cotton material
Insulated grab hook For work on electrical equipment
Insulated gauntlets For work on electrical equipment

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8.7 Safety Signs
8.4 Portable Gas Detectors Safety signs and notices shall be provided as required in all sites. Warning symbols
shall follow Company and internationally recognised standards. When text is
Portable gas detectors shall be provided and carried in the transport vehicles used to required on the safety sign, the text shall be written in Arabic, English and French.
support inspection and work at the pipelines and associated sites. The portable gas
detectors shall be complete with: They shall indicate:
 Prohibited activities (e.g. no smoking).
 Integral sampling pump.
 Warnings (e.g. hazardous chemicals).
 Battery charger unit.
 Mandatory requirements (e.g. helmets must be worn).
 Sampling probe and tube (to support entry into confined spaces).  Location of fire fighting equipment.
 Sensors for hydrocarbon gas (% concentration in air and % LEL); oxygen; carbon  Location of personnel safety equipment.
monoxide; and hydrogen sulphide.  Location of manual alarm call points and shutdown pushbuttons.
 Canister of test gas.  List of emergency contact numbers

Readily visible windsocks shall be provided at each main site, as an aid to determine
8.5 Hot and Cold Surfaces and Fluids the direction of any gas cloud during a release and to assist in escape route
Appropriate design measures shall be taken to protect personnel against injury from planning.
hot or cold equipment that has an external surface temperature that may be hotter,
during normal conditions, than +70°C or colder than –10°C, and may in normal 8.8 First Aid Boxes
operations be touched by personnel.
A first aid box for industrial use shall be provided in each vehicle attending the
The design measures may include the use of thermal insulation or guard barriers. pipelines and associated sites, equipped for minor injuries that can occur during road
The design should not rely on personnel wearing gloves or other PPE, except for transport, plant operation and maintenance.
items such as handrails, which may exceed 70°C due to solar heating, and where
the use of insulation would be impractical. 8.9 Hazardous Substances Handling and Storage
8.6 Safety Showers and Eyewashes Paints and flammable materials shall be stored in a suitable dedicated area located
away from other hazardous areas as far as is practicable. Corrosive or toxic
Portable eyewash bottles filled with sterile eyewash fluid and complete with an chemicals shall be stored in suitable containers, marked with warnings and
applicator, shall be provided and carried in the transport vehicles used to support precautionary measures.
inspection and work at the pipelines and associated sites.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all stored materials shall be stored and
made available at each site for personnel who will handle these materials, available
in English, Arabic and French. The appropriate MSDS copies shall be kept at site in
a dust and weatherproof cabinet.

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8.10 Safety Location Plans 9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

All active and passive fire protection systems and the extent and location of portable 9.1 General
and mobile fire protection equipment, escape routes, personnel protection and safety
equipment shall be accurately defined and located on Safety Location Plan The discharge of emissions, effluents and waste from TGP facilities shall be
drawings. minimised and controlled to meet Tunisian regulations, Company and national
standards, and in line with accepted good practice. The aim shall be to minimise
The Safety Location Plan for each site shall be posted at the location.
wastes and other gaseous or liquid emissions categorised as follows:
8.11 HVAC System
 Emissions to air.
For classified hazardous areas, equipment location in the open and not in sumps or  Emissions to water.
pits is sufficient to ensure that equipment containing flammable materials is  Soil contamination.
adequately ventilated for the purpose of hazardous area classification.  Solid waste and sludge.
As far as reasonably practicable, the ventilation of analyser houses shall meet the 9.2 Emission to Air
requirements for adequate ventilation according to API Recommended Practice 505.
Emissions to air arise from:
 Non-routine venting and flaring (during emergencies and process upsets).

 Fugitive emissions from valves, flanges and pump seals.
 Breathing of storage tanks and other atmospheric vessels (if any).
The substances, emitted to air during plant operation, whose local ambient
concentrations shall remain within the identified allowable limits are:
 Nitrogen Oxides (NOx).

 Carbon Monoxide (CO).
 Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC).
 Particulates, including black smoke.
The engineering design approach shall be to minimise emissions to air where

practicable and economically feasible. Where emissions are unavoidable the
approach shall be to provide, for point sources, stacks of adequate height to offer
good dispersion and to apply good engineering practice in the choice of materials
and equipment in order to minimise emissions.

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The design and operation of the TGP pipelines facilities shall meet the requirements 9.5 Waste Management
of Decree No 2010-2519 dated 28/09/2010 fixing the limit values to the source of the
air pollutants of fixed sources. Sources of sludge and solid wastes during construction, pre-commissioning,
commissioning and operation activities are likely to include:
The emissions study shall also verify the compliance to air quality defined in Tunisia
code “Norme Tunisienne Homologuee NT106.04 (1994) - Protection de  Domestic garbage.
l’environnement – Valeurs limites et valeurs guides pour certains pollutants dans  Black and grey water from hygiene and sanitary facilities.
l’air ambient, en dehors deslocaux de travail” ratified by law “Arreté du Ministre
 Scrap metals and wood.
de l’Economie Nationale du 28/123/1994”.
 Waste drums.
In general:
 Waste oil and chemicals.
 The design of arrangements for taking samples of process fluids shall limit the
The organisation and design of the site and process shall be optimised in order to
loss of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
minimise waste production. Non-hazardous waste material may be stored for a short
 Fugitive losses from valves, flanges, pump seals, etc. shall be limited by good period in specific temporary storage before disposal. Non-hazardous wastes shall be
design and operational maintenance. stored and collected in a way that prevents:
 At the Tataouine pigging facilities, hydrocarbon vapours from emergency relief
 Vermin breeding and harbourage.
and equipment depressurisation shall be directed to the main site flare system.
 Hazards to workers, users and the public.
 Continuous vents to atmosphere from process equipment shall be avoided;
continuous vents are only allowed for flare or vent purge, or small relief such as  Air, water and soil pollution.
from equipment breathers.
 Objectionable odours, dust, unsightliness and nuisance conditions.
9.3 Liquid Discharge  Corrosion or wear of storage containers and accidental spillage or leakage during
storage or transport.
Liquid discharge or run off from potentially contaminated areas shall be collected and
treated by the site drain system, or collected in safe containers for removal to a Hazardous waste can be temporarily stored on-site, but specific facilities for final
suitable disposal site as described in Section 4. disposal shall be located taking into account the characteristics of the hazardous
waste. Hazardous waste shall not be allowed to accumulate at the storage sites.
9.4 Soil and Groundwater Protection
Quantities stored shall be kept to the minimum.
The design approach to protecting groundwater resources shall be to ensure that all
Hazardous waste shall be stored in a suitably designed reception facility with
the areas that could be contaminated by process fluids, chemicals, etc. are served
impervious flooring, roofing, and suitable drainage control; these waste materials
with an appropriate hard surface and drainage system to prevent contaminated
shall be stored in a separate storage area specifically dedicated for this purpose.
waters or pollutant liquids being dispersed on the ground and entering the
groundwater. All hazardous waste shall be stored in tightly closed, leakage proof containers made
of, or lined with, materials that are compatible with the hazardous waste to be stored.

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Special precautions shall be taken to treat surface run-off from this area and also for Table 9-1 Allowable Noise Limits (World Bank)
the disposal of fire water.
Maximum Allowable Noise Level
Receptor (log equivalent hourly measurements, dBa)
9.6 Noise and Vibrations Day Night
(07:00-22:00) (22:00-07:00)
Noise and vibration levels shall be limited throughout the installations to:
Residential, institutional, 55 45
educational
 Minimise the risk of hearing damage to personnel.
Industrial, commercial 70 70
 Ensure alarms are audible.
 Maintain working efficiency. If it is not cost-effective to use low-noise machinery or equipment, sound proofing
 Minimise noise nuisance to any neighbouring community. enclosures should be considered, using sound-adsorbent materials to reach the
recommended noise levels in working areas. Any sound-proofing enclosure should
Machinery, equipment and other noise emitting devices such as control valves shall be designed to cause minimum interference with routine inspection and maintenance
be designed and constructed so that as far as reasonably practicable, the noise level of machinery.
at 1m distance does not exceed 85dB(A). The acoustic environment inside the plant
area shall be monitored in order to identify “restricted areas” where warning signs, Vibration levels shall be limited in order to prevent a health hazard and to maintain
access restriction and/or use of ear protectors shall be provided to safeguard the working efficiency of personnel. Priority shall be given to limiting the emissions of
operator’s health. vibrations from process equipment by balancing of rotating parts and with the
provision of anti-vibration mounting.
The noise level at nearby residences shall not exceed the limit according to Decree
no. 84-1556 of 29th December, 1984, relating to industrial lots. According to the
terms of article 26 of this decree, the noise level measured at the nearest residence
during the day time should not exceed 50 decibels. Supplementary precautions
should be taken in order to avoid any discomfort to residents during the night.
Noise levels outside the Project property boundaries should also not exceed those
recommended by World Bank standards. These are summarised in Table 9-1 below.

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TATAOUINE GAS PROJECT TATAOUINE GAS PROJECT

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6.1 General....................................................................................................... 38 9.6 Noise and Vibrations .................................................................................. 53

7.1 General....................................................................................................... 43

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ABBREVIATIONS LSD: Local Shutdown

ALARP: As Low As Reasonably Practicable LVS: Line Valve Station

API: American Petroleum Institute MAC: Manual Alarm Call Point

CCTV: Closed-Circuit Television MSDS: Material Safety Data Sheets

CPF: Central Processing Facility 2ooN: Two out of N (voting logic)

ENVID: Environmental Identification NFPA: National Fire Protection Association

EPC: Engineering, Procurement and Construction NT Norme Tunisienne

ER: Emergency Response PA/GA: Public Address / General Alarm

ESD: Emergency Shut Down PFP: Passive Fire Protection

F&G: Fire & Gas QRA: Quantitative Risk Analysis

GTP: Gas Treatment Plant SDV: Shutdown Valve

HAZID: Hazard Identification SIL: Safety Integrity Level

IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission

IR: Infra Red

LER: Local Equipment room

LFL: Lower Flammable Limit

LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

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2.3 Codes and Standards Reference Title

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Reference Title Reference Title

NT 31.104 (1999) Installations fixes de lutte contre l’incendie – systèmes

NT 31.133 (2004) Agents extincteurs – émulseurs – partie 3 : Reference Title

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Reference Title Reference Title

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2.4 Hierarchy of Documents 3.0 SAFETY DESIGN PRINCIPLES

Throughout the design of the installation, emphasis shall be placed on:

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 Plot Plan Review. 3.6 Safety Action Management System

 Fire Risk Analysis.  Ensure that all project members/disciplines/organisations/contractors have a

The purpose of the Safety Study is to formally demonstrate to legislating authorities

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