1st QUIZ

FI1102 ELEMENTARY PHYSICS IB – CLASS K13

TUESDAY OCTOBER 9, 2018
90 MINUTES

No calculator/ gadget, use pen only

2
use acceleration due to earth’s gravity g = 10 m/s

1. The one-dimensional motion of a particle is plotted in figure.

a. What is the average acceleration in the interval t = 0 – 3 s and in the
intervals t = 6 – 8?
b. How far is the particle from its starting point after 10 s?
c. Sketch the displacement of the particle as a function of time

2
2. A 60-kg block slides along the top of a 100-kg block. The 60-kg block has an acceleration of 3 m/s when a horizontal
force F of 320 N is applied, as in Figure. There is no friction between the 100-kg block and a
horizontal frictionless surface, but there is friction between the two blocks.
a. Draw the free-body diagram on each block
b. Find the coefficient of kinetic friction between the blocks.
c. Find the acceleration of the 100-kg block during the time that the 60-kg block
remains in contact.

3. A 20.0-kg block (m1) is connected to a 30.0-kg block (m2) by a string that passes over
a light frictionless pulley. The m2-block is connected to a spring that has negligible
mass and a force constant of 250 N/m, as shown in Figure. The spring is unstretched
when the system is as shown in the figure, and the incline ( = 30 ) is frictionless.
o

The m1-block is pulled 20.0 cm down the incline (so that the m2-block is 40.0 cm
above the floor) and released from rest. Find the speed of each block when the m2-
block is 20 cm above the floor (that is, when the spring is unstretched).

4. Block 1 of mass m1 slides from rest along a frictionless ramp

from height h = 2.50 m and then collides with stationary
block 2, which has mass m2 = 2m1. After the collision, block
2 slides into a region where the coefficient of kinetic friction
k is 0.5 and comes to a stop in distance d within that
region.
a. What is the value of distance d if the collision is
elastic
b. What is the value of distance d if the collision is
completely inelastic?

An electric motor rotating a workshop grinding wheel at 1.00  10 rev/min is switched off. Assume the wheel has a
2
5.
2
constant negative angular acceleration of magnitude 2.00 rad/s .
a. What is the angular velocity (in rad/s) of grinding wheel just before the motor switched off?
b. How long does it take the grinding wheel to stop?
c. Through how many radians has the wheel turned during the time interval found in part (b)?
SOLUTION

1. a. The average acceleration during interval t = 0 – 3 s is

v v 15  5 10
 a [03]  3 0   m/s2
30 3 3
The average acceleration during interval t = 6 – 8 s is
v v 0  15 15
 a [68]  8 6   m/s2
86 2 2
b. The displacement during interval time t = 0 – 10 s can be obtained from the area between the curve and
horizontal axis. Note that area below the horizontal axis is negative. Therefore the area between t = 6 – 8 and
between t = 8 – 10 are canceled out. The total area calculated between t = 0 – 6
x  75 m
Therefore after 10 s, the particle is 75 m from its starting point (positive direction)
c. In the interval t = 0 – 3 s the particle moves with constant
acceleration a[0 – 3] = 10/3 ms2 then the displacement
during this interval is quadratic function of time (parabolic).
The displacement during this interval can be obtained by
calculating the area under the curve
x[03]  x3  x0  30 m
In the interval t = 3 – 6 s the particle moves with constant
velocity, then the displacement during this interval is linear
function of time (straight line). The displacement during
this interval can be obtained by calculating the area under
the curve
x[36]  x6  x3  45 m
In the interval t = 6 – 8 s the particle moves with constant
acceleration a[6 – 10] = 15/2 ms2, then the displacement
during this interval is quadratic function of time (parabolic).
The displacement during this interval can be obtained by
calculating the area under the curve
x[610]  x10  x6  0 m
Therefore the sketch of the displacement is as shown in the figure.
2. a. Free-body diagram on each block

b. Take horizontal direction as direction of x-axes and vertical direction as y-axes, and then applying Newton’s
2nd law of motion on m1-block, it is obtained
F  f12  m1a1x and N12  W1  m1a1y
since there is no motion on vertical direction, then a1y  0 therefore it is obtained that N12  W1  m1g
Since the m1-block moves with acceleration 3 m/s2 when F = 320 N, then
F  f12  m1a1x  f12  k N1  F  m1a1x
It is obtained
F  m1a1 x 320  603 140 7
k m1g  F  m1a1 x  k    
m1g 6010 600 30
c. From the free-body diagram of m2-block, it is obtained that by applying Newton’s 2nd law one will get
 f21  m2a2 x
Since f21 and f12 are action-reaction pair then the magnitude of f21 equal to the magnitude of f12
 7 
f21  k m1g   6010  140 N
 30 
Then the acceleration of m2-block is
f 140
a2 x  21   1,4 m/s2
m2 100
3. Since non-conservative force done no work to the system, then we can applying conservation of mechanical
energy (total energy). Taking initial state when the system release and the final state when m2-block is 20 cm
over the floor (the spring is unscretched), it is obtained
1 1
E i  K1i  U1i  K2i  U2i  Usp,1  0  0  0  0  kx 2  kx 2
2 2
1 1
E f  K1 f  U1 f  K 2 f  U2 f  Usp, f  m1v 2  m1gx sin  m2v 2  m2gx  0
2 2
1
 m1  m2 v 2  m1gx sin  m2gx
2
By applying conservation of total (mechanical) energy, one will get
1 2 1
kx  m1  m2 v 2  m1gx sin  m2gx
2 2
1/2
 kx 2  2m1gx sin  2m2gx 
 v   
 m1  m2 
using the given values k = 250 N/m, x = 0.2 m, m1 = 20 kg, g = 10 m/s2, sin = 0.5 and m2 = 30 kg then
 2500.04  220100.20.5  230100.2 
1/2
 kx 2  2m1gx sin  2m2gx  1/2
v     
 m1  m2   50 
1/2 1/2
 10  4  120   126  126
     m/s
 50   50  50
4. Since the ramp is frictionless, then the motion of block m1 along the ramp fulfills the conservation of
mechanical energy. Therefore the speed of the block m1 at the bottom of the ramp (just before colliding with
the block m2) is
v1i  2gh
a. If the collision between block m1 and block m2 is elastic, then the total kinetic energy is conserved
1 1 1
m1v1i 2  m1v1 f 2  m2v2 f 2  m1v1i 2  m1v1 f 2  m2v2 f 2
2 2 2
By total momentum conservation it is obtained
m v  m2v2 f
m1v1i  m1v1 f  m2v2 f  v1 f  1 1i
m1
Substitute v1f in to kinetic energy conservation relation, one will get
m1v1i 2  m1v1 f 2  m2v2 f 2
2
 m v  m2v2 f 
m1v1i 2  m1  1 1i   m2v2 f 2
 m1 
m12v1i 2  m22v2 f 2  2m1m2v1i v2 f
  m2v2 f 2
m1
 m  m1m2  2
2
 m1v1i 2   2 v2 f  2m2v1i v2 f

 m1 
it is obtained
  m2  m1   2m1 
 v2 f  2v1i  v2 f   v1i
 m1   m1  m2 
and
 2m1 
m1v1i  m2  v1i
m1v1i  m2v2 f  m1  m2   2m2   m  m2 
v1 f    v1i   v1i   1 v1i
m1 m1  m1  m2   m1  m2 
Since m2 = 2m1, then
 22m1   4 4
v2 f   v1i  v1i  2gh
 m1  2m1  3 3
By using work-energy theorem to analyze the motion of m2-block on friction-surface, one will get
1
Wtotal  K  K f  K i  0  m2v2 f 2
2
1
 fk d   m2v2 f 2
2
1
 k m2gd  m2v2 f 2
2
v 2 16
2gh 16h
 d  2f  9 
2 k g 2 k g 9k
and then using the value h = 2.5 m and k = 0.5, it is obtained
16h 162.5 16
d   m
9 k 90.5 45
b. If the collision between block m1 and block m2 is perfectly inelastic, then after collision the two blocks stick
together. Therefore by conservation of linear momentum
 m1  1 2gh
m1v1i  m1  m2 v f  v f   v1i  v1i 
 m1  m2  3 3
and then using work-energy theorem
1
Wtotal  K  K f  K i  0  m1  m2 v f 2
2
1
 fk d   m1  m2 v f 2
2
1
 k m1  m2 gd  m1  m2 v f 2
2
v 2 1
2gh h
d  f  9 
2 k g 2 k g 9  k
and then using the value h = 2.5 m and k = 0.5, it is obtained
d
2.5  5 m
90.5 9
5. a. Since the motor rotates the grinding at 1.00102 rev/min, then the angular velocity of the grinding wheel is
10
 
  102 2  / 60 
3
rad/s
b. Using 0 = 10/3,  = 2 rad/s2 and  = 0, one will get
  0 0  10 / 3 5
  0  t  t    s
 2 3
c. 1  10  5   1   5  50
2
25 2 25 2
2
  0t  t 2        2      rad
2  3  3   2   3  9 9 9