Blood

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 Note

Revise Blood MCQ from Summary

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1) Bleeding time is prolonged by deficiency of:
a. V
b. VIII
c. IX
d. XII

2) Anticoagulants used in vivo, in vitro is:

a. Heparin.
b. Citrate.
c. Coumarin.
d. Protein.

3) All are natural anticoagulants except:

a. Heparin.
b. Protein S.
c. Protein C.
d. Citrate

4) Eosinophilia is associated with:

a. Viral infection.
b. Bacterial infection.
c. Fungal infection.
d. Parasitic infection.

5) Cell responsible for antigen presentation to T lymphocyte:

a. Complement.
b. Macrophage.
c. Neutrophil.
d. MHC.

6) The cell which is attacked by AIDS is:

a. Neutrophils.
b. T helper.
c. B lymphocytes.
d. T suppressor.

7) Severe liver disease, one of the following occurs:

a. Increased viscosity.
b. Increased protein synthesis.

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 c. Decreased osmotic pressure of plasma ptn.
d. Increased A/G.

8) Concerning platelet plug, all occurs except:

a. TxA2 causes platelet aggregation.
b. vWF acts as a bridge between platelets, collagen.
c. Platelet adhesion caused by ADP.
d. Prostacyclin spreads this plug.

9) Severe bleeding tendency, which factor is deficient:

a. I.
b. V.
c. VII.
d. Von Willebrand factor.

10) A woman (anemic) pregnant:

MCV = 70 µ3, the most common cause.

a. Vitamin B12 deficiency cause.
b. Hemolytic anemia.
c. Iron deficiency anemia.
d. Iron deficiency anemia.
e. Renal failure.

11) Eosinophilia is encountered in:

a. Viral infection.
b. Parasitic infection.
c. Bacterial infection.
d. Allergic infection.

12) Pernicious anemia is caused by:

a. Bone marrow irradiation.
b. Vitamin B12 deficiency.
c. Decreased iron intake.
d. G6PD deficiency.

13) Intrinsic clotting pathway:

a. Activated by factor VII.
b. Inhibited by contact glass.
c. Stimulated by factor XII.

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 d. Faster than extrinsic pathway.
e. Requires tissue thromboplastin.

14) Plasmin:
a. Activates protein C.
b. Causes clot retraction.
c. Lysis of clot.
d. Activates protein S.

15) Thrombocytopenic purpura:

a. Sex linked.
b.  platelet number.
c. Normal bleeding time.
d.  clotting time.

16) Plasma proteins:

a. Responsible for 90% buffering capacity.
b. Albumin responsible for viscosity.
c. Most are synthesized by liver.
d. Gamma globulin has defensive function.

17) All of the following are natural anticoagulants except:

a. Heparin.
b. Citrate.
c. Protein C.
d. Protein S.

18) Erythropoiesis:
a. Reduced by erythropoietin.
b. Inhibited by testosterone.
c. Stimulated by  O2.
d. Stimulated by  RBCs number.

19) The way macromolecules can be transported across the wall is

called:
a. Pincocytosis.
b. Phagocytosis.
c. Diffusion.
d. Exocytosis.

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20) Choose the correct statement about hemostasis:
a. Platelet adhesion is caused by TXA2.
b. Extrinsic pathway is initiated by factor XII.
c. Intrinsic pathway is rapid.
d. There is positive feedback between prothrombin, thrombin.

21) Heparin and histamine are secreted by:

a. Esinophils.
b. Basophils.
c. Neutrophils.
d. Granulocytes

22) WBCs leave capillaries by process called:

a. Margination.
b. Opsonisation.
c. Chemotaxis.
d. Diapedesis.

23) Graft ejection caused by one of WBCs called:

a. B lymphocytes.
b. Monocytes.
c. T lymphocytes.
d. Neutrophils.

24) Blood group B:

a. Most common blood group.
b. Donates safely to AB group.
c. Has no agglutinogens.
d. Has anti-B in plasma.

25) Folic acid:

a. Its deficiency affect Hb.
b. Deficiency causes aplastic anemia.
c. Necessary for DNA synthesis.
d. All of the above.

26) Pernicious anemia is due to:

a. Iron deficiency.
b. Atrophy of gastric mucosa.

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 c. Damage of BM by toxic chemicals.
d. Intravascular haemolysis.

27) Rh-ve person:

a. Has anti-D.
b. Has D antigen on RBCs.
c. Forms anti-D when received Rh+ve blood for 1st time.
d. Has D antigen on RBCs.

28) Albumin is responsible for:

a. Osmotic pressure.
b. Clotting.
c. Defensive mechanism.
d. Maintains diastolic pressure.

29) Plasmin:
a. Digests fibrin.
b. Inactivated in liver.
c. Responsible for clot retraction.
d. All of the above.

30) Monocytes:
a. Skill parasites.
b. Causes humoral immunity.
c. Synthesize heparin, histamine.
d. Change to macrophage in tissues.

31) Lymphocytes:
a. T are processed in thyroid.
b. B are processed in BM.
c. T helper inhibits B lymphoma.
d. T helper activates cytotoxic cells.

32) RBCs:
a. Depend on ATP, glycolysis.
b. Not plastic.
c. Destruction in kidney.
d. Main ion inside is Na+.

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33) Bleeding tendency is increased in all except:
a. Vitamin C deficiency.
b. Vitamin K deficiency.
c. Thrombocytopenia.
d. Aspirin toxicity.

34) Erythropoiesis:
a. Develops in child in sternum.
b. Develops in adult in liver, spleen.
c. RBCs precursor in less than myeloid precursor.
d.

35) Regarding WBCs, all one true except:

a. Neutrophils are specialist phagocytes.
b. Esinophils digest allergic substances.
c. Basophils release Heparin and Histamine.
d. Graft rejection is caused by B-lymphocytes.

36) Hb = 9 gm %, MCV = 70 FL, MCH = 22 picogram diagnosis is:

a. Polycythemia.
b. Normocytic normochromic anemia.
c. Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia.
d. Microcytic hypochromic anemia.
37) The factor that acts in a positive feedback to facilitate its own
synthesis is:

a. Fibrin.
b. Thrombin.
c. Factor X.
d. Factor XII.
e. Calcium
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38) Concerning, a person with blood group AB positive (AB+):
a. His plasma has no antibodies to antigen A and B.
b. His RBCs contain the A and B antigens on their nuclei.
c. His blood totally lacks Rh antigens.
d. He cannot receive blood from person with blood group O+.
e. He can donate blood to persons with blood group A+ or blood
group B+.
39) Failure of body immune tolerance produces:
a. Esinophilia.
b. Neutrophilia.
c. Myasthenia gravis.
d. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
e. Organ transplant rejection.
40) Hypoxia stimulates the kidney to produce:
a. Platelets.
b. Intrinsic factor.
c. Thrombopoietin.
d. Erythropoietin.
e. Thrombothenin.
41) Extrinsic pathway of blood clotting:
a. Is a slower process.
b. Is initiated by activation of factor V.
c. Is started simultaneously with the intrinsic pathway.
d. Factor VIII acts as a co-factor in its cascade reaction.
e. Produces large quantity of thrombin.
42) Heparin:
a. Acts by competitive inhibition with vitamin K.

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 b. Action starts few days after its administration.
c. Prevents blood coagulation both in vivo and in vitro.
d. Is never present, normally, in human being.
e. Decreases the formation of factors II, VII, IX and X.
43) Hemolytic disease of the newborn can occur, even to the first
baby, when:
a. Rh negative female carries Rh negative foetus.
b. Rh positive female carries Rh negative foeuts.
c. Rh positive female carries Rh positive foetus.
d. Rh negative female carries Rh positive foetus and previously
received Rh negative blood.
e. Rh negative female carries Rh positive foetus and previously
received Rh positive blood.
44) Regarding platelets, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. Are formed from the megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
b. On exposure to collagen, release serotonin to induce
vasoconstriction.
c. Are connected to the exposed collagen via Von Willbrand
factor.
d. Adhere and aggregate together to the damaged vessel wall.
e. Their number is about 300.000/liter.
45) Microcytic hypochromic anemia occurs in case of:
a. Bone marrow failure.
b. Acute bleeding.
c. Deficiency of the intrinsic factors.
d. Frequent repetitive bleeding.
e. Deficiency of folic acid.

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46) Albumin/ globulin ratio (A/G ratio) increased in case of:
a. Infection with AIDS virus.
b. Liver disease.
c. Typhoid infection.
d. Loss of albumin in urine.
e. Kidney disease.

47) Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia due to:

a. Iron deficiency.
b. Bacterial toxins.
c. Intrinsic factor deficiency.
d. Renal failure.

48) All of the following are natural anticoagulant except:

a) Protein C.

b) Heparin.

c) Thromboxane A2.

d) Prostacyclin.

49) Concerning extrinsic pathway of clotting:

a) Occurs simultaneously which intrinsic.

b) Starts by factor V.

c) Initiated by factor VII.

d) None of the above.

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50) One about B lymphocyte is correct:

a) Responsible for cell mediated immunity.

b) Processed in thymus.
c) Converted to plasma cell.
d) B + C.

51) All about plasma proteins are true except:

A) A/G ratio is decreased in liver disease.

b) Albumin is responsible for osmotic press.

c) Fibrinogen maintains diastolic pressure.
d) -globulin (defencive function).
e) Responsible for 90% buffering power.

52) All help in platelet plug formation except:

a. ADP.
b. vWF.
c. t-PA.
d. TXA2.
53) In normal human blood:

a. The esinophil is the most common type of white blood cells.

b. There are more lymphocytes than neutrophils.

c. There are more white cells than red cells.

d. There are more red cells than platelets.

e. There are more white cells than platelets.

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54) Regarding anemia:

a. Hemorrhagic anemia occurs due to acute blood loss.

b. Sickle cell anemia is a type of nutritional anemia.

c. Pernicious anemia occurs due to decrease in iron intake.

d. Aplastic anemia occurs due to decreased secretion of erythropoietin

hormone.

e. Renal anemia occurs due to vitamin B12 deficiency.

55) Concerning red blood cells (RBCs):

a. Packed cell volume decreases in dehydration.

b. Secondary polycythemia is a response to bone marrow depression.

c. Their membranes keep hemoglobin inside and prevent its loss in

urine.

d. They play no role in carbon dioxide (CO2) carriage.

e. Hemoglobin F (Hb F) has lower oxygen affinity than hemoglobin A

(Hb A).

56) Regarding erythropoiesis, all the following are true EXCEPT:

a. The principle stimulus for RBCs formation is hypoxia.

b. Erythropoietin hormone stimulates RBCs production in the red

bone marrow.

c. Vitamin B12, folic acid and vitamin C are all needed for
erythropoiesis.

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 d. Iron is essential for hemoglobin synthesis.

e. Intrinsic factor deficiency results in aplastic anemia.

57) Incompatible blood transfusion may be accompanied by all the

following EXCEPT:

a. Severe pain and tightness of the chest.

b. Decreased plasma bilirubin levels.

c. Severe hypotension.

d. Renal failure.

e. Circulatory shock.

58) Intrinsic clotting pathway:

a. is inhibited by glass contact.

b. requires tissue thromboplastin.

c. is initiated by activation of factor XII.

d. proceeds faster than the extrinsic pathway.

e. depends on factor VII as the main factor.

59) B- lymphocytes:

a. defend against most viral infections.

b. attack foreign antigen and kill it directly.

c. are processed and differentiated in the thymus.

d. are converted to plasma cells when activated.

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 e. increase the activation of T-lymphocytes.

60) Concerning the functions of plasma proteins, all the following

statements are true EXCEPT:

a. Facilitate retention of fluid in the blood vessels.

b. Play an important role in blood clotting.
c. Bind and transport certain hormones in the blood.
d. Transport O2 in the blood.

(61) Plasminogen is converted to plasmin by:

a. Activated factor XII.

b. Components from injured tissues.
c. Thrombin.
d. All of the above.

62) Regarding heparin action:

a) Action requires several days.

b) Acts as anticoagulant in vivo, in vitro.

c) Competitive inhibition of vitamin K.

d) Not present in the body at all.

63) Thrombin performs:

a) Convert fibrinogen to fibrin.

b) Activates factor XIII.

c) Stimulates platelet aggregation.

d) All of the above.

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64) Regarding platelets, all are correct except:

a) Platelet count is 300.000.

b) Produced by megakaryocyte.
c) Release serotonin, ADP.
d) VWF not a bridge between platelets, collagen.

65) Regarding coumarin, all are correct except:

a) Inhibits factors II, VII, IX.

b) Requires few days.
c) Acts as anticoagulant in vivo, in vitro.
d) Antagonizes vitamin K action.
66) Platelets:
a) Convert fibrinogen to fibrin.
b) Aggregates, adheres to collagen.
c) Form mesh work on which RBCS are trapped.
d) Increases fibrinogen in plug.
67) Erythropoietin is stimulated by all except:
a) Living at high altitude.
b) Androgen.
c) Alkalosis.
d) Increased O2 delivery to tissues.
68) Normocytic normochromic anemia occurs with:
a) Hemolytic.
b) Hemorrhagic.
c) Aplastic.
d) Pernicious.
69) Macrocytic hyperchromic anemia occurs with:
a) In adequate amount of iron.

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 b) In adequate erythropoietin.
c) Vitamin B12 deficiency.
d) None of the above.
70) Regarding platelets, all are correct except:
a) Release bradykinin.
b) Initiates clotting pathway.
c) Cause platelet aggregation.
d) Cause clot retraction.
71) Actions of thrombin, all are correct except:
a) Enhances platelet aggregation.
b) Activates V, VIII and XIII.
c) Inactivates plasminogen.
d) Enhances prothombin via +ve feed back.

72) Blood is composed of cellular elements and an extracellular fluid

matrix composed primarily of water. What is the name of the
blood extracellular fluid matrix:

a- Haematocrit.
b- Fibrinogen.
c- Buffy coat.
d- Plasma.
e- None of the above.

(73) What of these statements is not a function of plasma proteins:

a- Plasma proteins are responsible for colloid osmotic pressure.

b- Plasma proteins play a role in buffering changes in pH of the blood.
c- globulins are antibodies, important in the body`s defense mechanism.
d- Fibrinogen mainly helps in maintaining peripheral resistance and
thereby the diastolic pressure of the blood.

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 e- Plasma proteins carry oxygen to the tissues.

(74) The functions of plasma albumin is:

a- Contributing to the clotting process.

b- Body defense.
c- Maintenance of blood`s osmotic pressure.
d- Transport of lipids.
e- Transport of metal minerals.

(75) If the haematocrit value is 40 then the volume occupied by:

a- Red cells is 60% of the total blood volume.

b- White blood cells is 40% the total blood volume.
c- Red blood cells is 40% of the total blood volume.
d- Plasma is 40% of the total blood volume.
e- Platelets is 40% of the total blood volume.

76) All these statements about Iron are correct EXCEPT:

a- Can combine reversibly with O2.

b- Its deficiency in food can produce anaemia.
c- It is important for haemoglobin synthesis.
d- It is a constituent of heme molecule of hemoglobin.

77) Vitamin B12 Deficiency Leads to

a. An increase in the circulating level of neutrophils and platelets.

b. Anemia in which the red cells are smaller and paler than normal.

c. Loss of myelin from nerves associated with cells larger than

normal.

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d. Wasting of the gastric mucosa so that the production of both Hcl
and intrinsic factor in deficient.

(78) Monocytes;

a. Originate from precursor cells in the thymus gland.

b. Can manufactures immunoglobulin.

c. Are phagocytic.

d. Never migrate from the blood into the tissues.

(79) a major blood transfusion incompatibility would occur with:

a. a donor blood group A gives to a recipient with blood group A.

b. a donor blood group O gives to a recipient with blood group A.

c. a donor blood group O gives to a recipient with blood group AB.

d. None of the above.

e- It needs an intrinsic factor secreted from gastric mucosa for its

absorption.

(80) Pernicious anaemia develops from a deficiency of:

a- ATP.
b- Carbonic anhydrase.
c- Cobalt.
d- Adrenaline hormone.
e- The intrinsic factor.

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 81) Red cell production:

a. Rises if the stomach looses the ability to produce gastric juices.

b. Occurs is the liver is normal adults at sea level.
c. Is stimulated by a rise in the pressure of CO2 in the arterial blood.
d. Is stimulated by ascending to high altitudes.

(82) the initial factor in the intrinsic clotting pathway is:

a. Fibrinogen.
b. Prothrombin.
c. Factor XII.
d. Plasmin.

(83) Concerning iron deficiency anemia, all the following

statements are true EXCEPT:

a. It is generally treated with iron taken orally.

b. It is more common in women than in men.
c. It can result in cases of chronic blood loss from the body.
d. Is characterized by large pale red blood cells.

84) hemolytic disease of the new born occurs when:

a. The mother is Rh+ and the father is Rh+.

b. The mother is Rh+ and the father is Rh-.
c. The mother is Rh+ and the foetus is Rh-.
d. The mother is Rh- and the foetus is Rh+.
85) The major source of erythropoietin hormone is:
a. Bone marrow.
b. Kidney.
c. Spleen.

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 d. Heart.
86) Vit. B12 deficiency leads to:
a. decreased production of intrinsic factor.
b. anaemia in which the red cells are macroytic and
hyperchromic.
c. anaemia in which the red cells are smaller and paler than
normal
d. increase in circulating neutrophils and platelets.
(87) Prevention of hemolytic disease of the new born
(erythroblastosis fetalis) could be achieved by giving the mother:
a. Anti- D antibodies early in pregnancy.
b. Anti- D antibodies soon after delivery.
c. Serum with Rh - positive antigens early in pregnancy.
d. Serum with Rh - positive antigens before getting pregnant.
(88) Haemostasis involves all of following processes EXCEPT:
a. Vascular constriction.
b. Platelet aggregation.
c. Plasmin formation.
d. prothrombin activation.
(89) Physiological factors that normally prevent intravascular
coagulation include:
a. Protein C.
b. Anti- thrombin III.
c. prostacyclin
d. All of the above.
90) During embryonic life. blood cells are formed primarily in:
a. Red bone marrow.
b. Lymph nodes.

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 c. Yellow bone marrow.
d. liver.
(91) Formation of RBCs (Erythropoiesis) is stimulated by:
a. Hypoxia.
b. Hypercapnoea.
c. Polycythemia.
d. Thrombopoietin.
92) All the following statements about iron are true EXCEPT:
a. It is principally absorbed from the upper part of the small
intestine.
b. Its absorption is favored by gastric hydrochloric acid.
c. More than 10 mg/ day is required in normal adult for
replacement pm poses.
d. Its absorption is favored by the presence of vitamin (C ).
(93) As regards monocytes. All the following are true EXCEPT:
a. They have phagocytic activity.
b. They can manufacture immunoglobulins.
c. They originate from precursor cells in the bone marrow.
d. They may migrate from the blood into the tissues.
(94) Plasma albumin:
a. Is freely filtered at the renal glomeruli.
b. Makes a greater contribution to colloid osmotic pressure of
plasma than does globulin.
c. Behaves as cation at the normal pH of blood.
d. Plays a major role in blood coagulation.
(95) The intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation is initiated by
activation of:
a. Factor V.

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 b. Factor VII.
c. Factor X.
d. Factor XII.
96) Bleeding time will be prolonged in a person who ;
a. Takes large quantities of asprin.
b. Takes coumarin derivatives.
c. Has liver disease.
d. Cannot absorb vitamin K.
97) Concerning erythropoiesis:
a. The site of erythropoiesis in adults is shafts of long bones.
b. Hypoxia is the main stimulus for red cell formation.
c. The specific hormone stimulating red cell synthesis is
endorphin.
d. Iron deficiency results in large hyperchromic red cells.
98) Neutrophils:
a. Are non - granular leucocytes.
b. Have high phagocytic activity.
c. Secrete heparin and histamine.
d. Share in antibody formation.
(99) Plasma proteins perform all the following functions EXCEPT:
a. Exert osmotic force.
b. Have buffering action.
c. Help stoppage of bleeding.
d. Transport of oxygen.
100) Blood transfusion incompatibility reactions occur when:
a. Group O blood is transfused to group A individual.
b. Group A blood is transfused to group AB individual.
c. Group A blood is transfused to group O individual.

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 d. Group O blood is transfused to group B individual.
101) Concerning hemopoiesis, all the following are true EXCEPT:
a. All blood cells are derived from pluripotent stem cells.
b. Bone marrow unipotent stem cells differentiate into only one
blood cell type.
c. In the fetus, the liver and the spleen are essential as well as the
bone marrow.
d. More erythorid precursors are present in the bone marrow
compared to the myeloid.
102) Lymphocytes:
a. Are granular leucocytes.
b. Have high phagocytic activity.
c. Secrete heparin and histamine.
d. Share in antibody formation.
(103) The process by which neutrophils are attracted to infected area
is called:
a. Phagocytosis.
b. Diapedesis.
c. Chemotaxis.
d. Opsonization.
104) Plasma proteins perform all the following functions EXCEPT:
a. Exert osmotic force.
b. Increase capillary fragility.
c. Contribute to blood viscosity.
d. Have buffering action.
(105) Blood platelets are important in haemostasis for all the
following EXCEPT:
a. On exposure to collagen they become sticky and adhere together.

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 b. They can release a particular phospholipid which has a role in
clotting process.
c. They release substances that cause local vasoconstriction.
d. They play a main role in the anticlotting mechanisms.
(106) Physiological factors that normally prevent intravascular
coagulation include all the following EXCEPT:
a. Protein C.
b. Anti-thrombin III.
c. Prostacyclin.
d. Factor X.
107) Concerning plasma proteins:
a. Their normal concentration in blood equals 4.5 gm%.
b. They are synthesized mainly in the spleen.
c. They exert an osmotic pressure across the capillary wall equal to
25 mm Hg.
d. Erythropoietin hormone is needed for their synthesis.
(108) Erythropoiesis is stimulated by all the following EXCEPT:
a. Chronic haemorrhage.
b. Excessive haemolysis of RBCs
c. Compatible blood transfusion.
d. Presence at high altitudes.
(109) Pernicious anaemia:
a. Is a hypochromic microcytic anaemia.
b. Is due to deficient absorption of vitamin B12 resulting from intrinsic
factor deficiency.
c. Occurs if the bone marrow is destroyed by irradiation.
d. Results from chronic blood loss.

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(110) Concerning the role of platelets in haemostasis, all the following
statements are true EXCEPT:
a. On exposure to collagen they undergo adhesion and release
reactions.
b. They release serotonin which causes vasoconstriction of injured
vessel.
c. Platelet plug formation is stimulated by thromboxane A2 released
from platelet membrane.
d. If the platelet number is decreased, bleeding time is shortened.
(111) Haemophilia A:
a. Affects females while males are carriers of the hereditary genes.
b. Is due to factor VIII deficiency.
c. Is characterized by prolongation of bleeding time.
d. Can be treated by dicoumarol.
(112) Lymphocytes:
a. Are polymorphnuclear granulocytes.
b. Are the first defenders against bacterial invasion.
c. Provide immune defense against targets they are specifically
programmed to.
d. Synthesize and store histamine and heparin.
113) Concerning erythropoiesis:
a. The site of erythropoiesis in adults is shafts of long bones.
b. Hypoxia is the main stimulus for red cell formation.
c. The specific hormone stimulating red cell synthesis is endorphin.
d. Iron deficiency results in large hyperchromic red cells.
(114) Neutrophils:
a. Are non-granular leucocytes.
b. Have high phagocytic activity.
c. Secrete heparin and histamine.

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 d. Share in antibody formation.
115) Plasma proteins perform all the following functions EXCEPT:
a. Exert osmotic force.
b. Have buffering action.
c. Help stoppage of bleeding.
d. Transport of oxygen.

116) Regarding erythropoiesis:

a. It is inhibited at high altitude.
b. It takes place in spleen in normal adult.
c. It is inhibited in case of atrophy of gastric mucosa.
d. It takes place in lymphoid tissue.
(117) As regards, the lymphocytes all are true EXCEPT:
a. They constitute 20 to 40% of the leukocytes.
b. B lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immunity.
c. T-lymphocytes are responsible for cell mediated immunity.
d. Enter the tissue to become tissue macrophages.
118) Neutrophils:
a. Are non - granular leucocytes.
b. Have high phagocytic activity.
c. Secrete heparin and histamine.
d. Share in antibody formation.
119) Intravascular thrombosis may be enhanced by all the following
conditions EXCEPT.
a. Varicosed leg veins.
b. Imbalance in the clotting-anticlotting systems.
c. Extensive endothelial damage.
d. Aspirin toxicity.

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(120) Fibrin degradation products:
a. Are able to decompose fibrin strands in the clot.
b. Facilitate the action of thrombin on fibrinogen.
c. Stimulate platelet aggregation.
d. None of the above.
(121) Concerning the interaction between the intrinsic and extrinsic
pathways of blood clotting, all the following statements are true
EXCEPT:
a. Both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways appear to be
necessary for normal hemostatsis.
b. The intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms usually operate
simultaneously.
c. Only small amounts of thrombin and fibrin are produced in
the extrinsic pathway.
d. None of the above.
122) Platelets do not normally adhere to the vascular walls because
of:
a. prostacyclin produced by the endothelial cells.
b. Von Willebrand factor.
c. Thromboxane A2 released from them.
d. All of the above.
123) The intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways have in common
which of the following factors:
a. Factor VIII.
b. Factor V.
c. Factor VII.
d. Factor XII.

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(124) The following are the functions of thrombin EXCEPT:
a. Activates factor XIII to stabilize fibrin.
b. Inactivates factor V and VIII.
c. Enhances platelets aggregation.
d. Formation of more thrombin from its precursor
prothrombin.
125) As regards, the lymphocytes, all are true EXCEPT:
a. Play an essential role in body’s immune mechanisms.
b. They are produced by the thymus, red bone marrow spleen
and lymph nodes.
c. They constitute 20 to 40 % of the leukocytes.
d. Enter the tissue to become tissue macrophages.
(126) Concerning humoral immunity:
a. It is due to circulating antibodies.
b. T-lymphocytes are responsible for this type of immunity.
c. It causes organ transplant rejection.
d. It eliminates abnormal cells.
(127) Concerning blood transfusion:
a. Transfusion of group A/Rh positive for the first time to a
person of blood A/Rh negative person causes a severe
reaction.
b. Severe transfusion reaction is likely to be followed by
jaundice.
c. Transfusion of group O/Rh negative to a patient group
AB/Rh positive generally causes a severe reaction.
d. A patient who had frequent transfusion does not require
special care in cross matching.

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128) The following are statements about hemopoiesis:

a. In the young adult normal hemopoiesis is restricted to the marrow

of both flat and long bones.
b. In the marrow there are stem cells from which the blood cells are
developed.
c. More erythroyid precursors are present in the bone marrow
compared to the myeloid precursors.
d. In adult extra medullary hemopoiesis occurs normally.
(129) Concerning the functions of plasma proteins, all the following
statements are true EXCEPT:
a. Facilitate retention of fluid in the blood vessels.
b. Play an important role in blood clotting.
c. Bind and transport certain hormones in the blood.
d. Transport O2 in the blood.
(130) Plasminogen is converted to plasmin by:
a. Activated factor XII.
b. Components from injured tissues.
c. Thrombin.
d. All of the above.
131) Thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized by:
a. An abnormal decrease in the number of platelets.
b. Abnormal platelet function with a normal platelet count.
c. Normal platelet plugging.
d. Lack of Von willebrand factor (VWF).
(132) All the following statements about thromboxane A2 are true
EXCPET:
a. It is directly inactivated by aspirin binding.
b. Synthesis of thromboxane A2 is arrested by aspirin.

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 c. It is derived from arachidonic acid in the platelet plasma
membrane.
d. It is a potent stimulus of platelet aggregation.
133) The following are statements about the neutrophil granulocytes:
a. Are the second most numerous leukocytes in normal adult blood.
b. Are not actively phagocytic in the blood stream.
c. Their life span is about 120 days.
d. Hypersegmentation of their nuclei is seen in megaloblastic
anemias.
134) Concerning the ABO blood groups, all are true EXCEPT:
a. A person of group B usually has anti A agglutinins in his plasma.
b. In an incompatible blood transfusion reaction, donor cells are lysed
by recipient antibodies.
c. A severe transfusion reaction is likely to be followed by renal
failure and death.
d. A person of group O is a universal recipient.
(135) Regarding erythropoiesis:
a. It is stimulated by increased PCO2 in the blood.
b. Is inhibited at high altitude.
c. Decreased in response to hypoxia.
d. Occurs in the bone marrow when stimulated by erythropoietin.
136) Maturation of RBCs caused by:
a. Iron.
b. Vitamin B12.
c. Folic acid.
d. b + c.
137) Concerning role of blood platelets in hemostasis , all the
following are correct EXCEPT
a- On exposure to collagen they become sticky and adhere together.
b- They can release lipids which have a role in clotting process.

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c- Their aggregation is inhibited by coumarin.
d- A decrease in their count prolongs the bleeding time.

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