Chapter I

The Beginning of Mystery

By the River of Babylon – Father of the Gods

The Glory of the gods of Heaven – The Legacy of the Gods
The Enûma Elish – Marduk the Dragon Slayer
The Mystery of Ti.Amat – The Mystery of the Celestial Serpent

By The River of Babylon

It has been almost Twenty Six Thousand years, according to the sacred records of the priesthood,
since the great floodwaters had ravaged this blessed land. The beautiful awe inspiring land of the gods.
Today, all this was just a distant memory in the minds of the new generation of youths crowding the
bustling sidewalk of the new golden city. The year was 605 BC, and the greatest King of the ancient
world occupied the Dragon Throne of the god Marduk. In the golden city of Bab.Ili, the great gods had
once again smiled favourably upon the once ravished land. Throughout the great city once ravaged by the
floodwaters, the majestic temples of Babylon gleamed triumphantly in the hot unrelenting sun of the god
Shamash. It was the golden age of the city of god, and upon the throne of Marduk sat the god-King,
Nebuchadnezzar.
Descended from a long line of god-Kings, he had conquered the foreign lands of his old enemies,
built and repaired the temples of the gods, fed the teeming masses of his people, and created the awe
inspiring city walls and the golden lapis lazuli gate of the goddess Ishtar. This indeed was a city of the
great gods, a place where the gods could descend from their celestial barge, to dwell in the holy of holies
of the towering ziggurat and the majestic E.Sagila, built for the god Marduk. Throughout the old world,
the fear and dread of the days of chaos compelled ancient man to raise magnificent temples to his god,
every day for thousands of years, the sweet smell of incense would bathe the morning air with an aroma
that was truly god-scent.
Man and his god co-existed in all aspects of his daily life, it was for his god that he laboured, the
product of the land was a gift from a benevolent god who loved and nurtured his people. The people
worshiped and honoured their gods, not from fear, but from love for the good things they enjoyed from
the hand of god, if the land was barren, or the livestock is depleted through drought and famine, it was to
the gods that the people turned for help and relieve. The priesthood was the gateway to the sanctuary of
the god, and the god-King his shepherd who fed his flock, order must be maintained and chaos held at
bay. For a people living with such reverence and devotion to his god, it was only natural that his life be
one of servitude to his god, in return for the gift of life and the abundance of food.
Babylon, the city of god, the golden city with its temples touching the Heavens, its great
agricultural plains and celebrated rivers flowing through the city walls, was about to enter a new and
terrifying age of change. A change that would bring about its downfall in only a few decades, leaving the
golden city of god buried in the sands of the desert for all eternity. In the year 597 BC, Nebuchadnezzar,
son of the god Marduk, invaded the land of the Hebrews deposing King Jehoiachin and deported him to
Northern Babylonia. Among the people taken into exile were the sons of the elite and the clergy, one such
young man was the soon to be prophet, Ezekiel. His visions would change the world of the Hebrews, and
fire the imagination of many for a thousand years.
A new era was about to begin on the world stage with the coming of a God whose majesty was truly
awe-inspiring, the golden city of Bab.Ili and the ancient cities of Egypt were about to fall in ruins by the
hand of this God. In the summer of 592 BC, the exiled Hebrew priest Ezekiel experienced a vision of God
on the banks of the River Khabur in the ancient land of Chaldea in Northern Syria. This was no ordinary
vision as you shall see, neither was the place of revelation an ordinary location, but this was the ancient
land of the Chaldean race of Arphaxad the son of Shem. This land was therefore in the very heart of the
ancient land of the Shemites, the people to whom was given the epithet, "The Mighty Ones". This epithet
was also given to the fallen sons of God and their offspring, the Nephilim, as recorded in the book of
Genesis Chapter six.
The importance of the vision is therefore just as important as the one to whom it was given, and the
place where god descended to reveal such a vision to the children of Shem. This River is therefore of
utmost importance to the history of the Hebrews, it was well known to the ancients as recorded in
historical writings. In Arabic it was known as the: Nahr Al-Khabur, in Turkish: Habur Nehri, in
Sumerian: Khubur River, and in Akkadian: Khabur River, it is an important tributary of the Euphrates
River. It rises in the mountains of south-eastern Turkey near Diyarbakir and flows south eastward to Al-
Hasakah in Syria, where it receives its main tributary, the Jaghjagh. It then meanders south to join the
Euphrates downstream from Dayr az-Zawr. The Khabur ("Source of Fertility") has a total length of about
200 miles (320 km). There can be no doubt that Nebuchadnezzar chose to relocate the exiles to this
region, if it was known to him that the ancient Hebrews who were known as the "Ibri", meaning "to cross
over", were originally from this region in ancient times.
As we shall see later in this book, it was to this very land in Northern Syria that Abraham would
later send his servant to fetch a wife for Isaac his son. And it was to this land and the city of Haran that
the family of Terah journeyed in the days of the Kings of Ur. As Ezekiel walked besides the banks of the
Khabur River in the year 568 BC, he looked up and beheld a most terrifying vision that would change his
life forever, a vision that is truly awe inspiring and so overwhelming that even today, thousands of years
later, modern man is still struggling to accept or comprehend it's meaning. His vision is one that can be
taken straight out of our modern day science fiction stories, or Hollywood blockbuster movies. This
vision is one that will forever change our conception of Gods and the long held myth of celestial beings
and their dwelling among mortal man.
Let us hear first hand from this ancient priest, as we take a front row seat on a celestial drama
unfolding before our very eyes, nearly three thousand years ago. A God is about to enter on centre stage
in a most dramatic entrance that will leave the audience stunned, dazed and enthralled for all ages to
come. The mysterious vehicle of god described in this vision, has been a source of intrigue for both
religious and scientific sects for ages. The detailed, yet mythical descriptions of the celestial craft given
by Ezekiel cannot be understood in this form, but when decoded, shows a space craft drawn by mythical
creatures to the awestruck Ezekiel. Like John in the book of Revelation, the prophet could only interpret
his vision as it unfolded in the form of mythical creatures. Let us hear from him in his own words:

Ezekiel Chapter: I
1: In the thirtieth year, on the fifth day of the fourth month, while I was among the exiles by the K'var
River, the Heavens were opened, and I saw visions of God.
2: On the fifth day of the month which was during the fifth year of King Y'hoyakhin's exile
3: the word of Yahweh came to the Cohen Yechezk'el son of Buzi, in the land of the Kasdim by the K'var
River; there the hand of Yahweh was on him.
4: I looked and saw a windy storm approaching from the North and a huge cloud with flashing fire,
glowing brightly all around with the colour of gleaming amber from within the fire.
5: Inside, there appeared to be four living creatures that looked like human beings;
6: but each one had four faces and four wings.
7: Their legs were straight, with feet like calves' hoofs. They glittered like burnished bronze.
8: Beneath their wings they had human hands on their four sides. The four of them had faces and wings as
follows:
9: they touched one another with their wings; they did not turn when they moved, but each one moved
straight forward;
10: as for the appearance of their faces, they had human faces (in front), each of the four had a lion's face
on the right, each of the four had a bull's face on the left, and each of the four had an eagle's face toward
the rear:
11: Thus their faces. As for their wings, each had two that stretched upward and joined those of others;
and two more that covered their bodies.
12: Each living creature moved in the direction of any of its faces; in whichever direction the spirit
wanted to go, they went, without turning as they moved
13: Thus the appearance of the living creatures. With them was something that looked like fiery coals
burning the way torches do, with the fire flashing here and there between the living creatures; the fire had
a brilliance, and out of the fire went lightning.
14: The living creatures kept speeding here and there like flashes of lightning.
15: As I gazed at the living creatures, I saw wheels on the ground, one next to each of the four-faced
living creatures.
16: All four wheels looked the same: their inner parts gleamed like Beryl, and their structure seemed to be
that of a wheel inside a wheel.
17: When they moved, they could go in any of the four directions without turning as they moved.
18: Their rims were tall and fearsome, because the rims of all four were full of eyes all around.
19: When the living creatures moved, the wheels moved along with them; and when the creatures were
lifted off the ground, the wheels went with them.
20: Wherever the spirit was to go, they went, in the direction the spirit wanted to go. The wheels were
lifted up next to them, because the spirit of the living creatures was in the wheels.
21: When the living creatures moved, the wheels moved; when the former stood still, the latter stood still;
and when the former were lifted off the ground, the wheels were lifted up next to them; because the spirit
of the living creatures was in the wheels.
22: Over the heads of the living creatures was what appeared to be a dome glittering like ice; it was
awesome, spread out over their heads, above them.
23: Under the dome each had a pair of wings spread out straight toward those of others, and each had a
pair which covered his body.
24: I heard the sound of their wings when they moved; it was like the sound of rushing water, like the
voice of Shaddai, like the noise of a tumultuous crowd or army. When they stopped, they lowered their
wings.
25: Whenever there was a sound from above the dome over their heads, they stopped and lowered their
wings.
26: Above the dome that was over their heads was something like a throne that looked like a sapphire. On
it, above it, was what appeared to be a person.
27: I saw what looked like gleaming, amber-colored fire radiating from what appeared to be his waist
upward. Downward from what appeared to be his waist, I saw what looked like fire, giving a brilliant
light all around him.
28: This brilliance around him looked like a rainbow in a cloud on a rainy day. This was how the
appearance of the glory of Yahweh looked. When I saw it, I fell on my face, and I heard the voice of
someone speaking.

Visions of Divine Glory

Never in the recorded history of mankind, has such a graphic description of a god and his celestial
vehicle been given as we have just witnessed above. The many stories from Egypt, Babylon, Assyria,
India and other ancient nations concerning the gods and their aerial cars suddenly seems like they were
not written by some deluded priest after all. The numerous stories we have heard from childhood about
gods and divine heroes, are to be found all over the ancient world, and should not be lightly dismissed as
myth and fiction. Here for the first time in human history, a Hebrew priest is granted an audience to a
spectacular show as no one will ever witness again, not even Moses and John of the Revelations'. Today
the hunt for extraterrestrials and UFO's are all too familiar to us in a modern age, but from what we have
read above and in the pages of scripture including the Bible, we can be assured that our planet does not
belong solely to mortal man.
Others have been here before and have continued to re-visit our planet announced or in secret. We
cannot deny in light of such overwhelming evidence, the fact that we are indeed not alone in this
universe. From the dawn of civilization, mankind has yearned for the experience of living in a Heavenly
paradise with his god. This undying passion to be with his god has led to the creation of magnificent
tombs the world over for the dead to ascend to the gates of Paradise. You have witness the mass of
treasures buried for thousands of years in the hill cut tombs of Egypt, seen the sandy graves of the Incas,
the stone tombs of the Aztecs, the Chinese and other ancient people from around the world. What, one
may ask, would compel ancient man to horde his treasures in tombs instead of leaving it behind for the
living? The simple answer is this; the dead were deemed to be alive in a mythical Heavenly paradise. All
the things he did and owned on earth would simply continue in the new world.
Death was a new beginning and the newly reborn would need his sustenance in the new world, as
he served his god in this world so also must he serve in the new paradise. Therefore he must possess all
his earthly goods in the new world to serve his god and to continue his existence. But, were the gods real,
or did the ancients simply invent a mythical deity in order to satisfy a longing for religion and holiness?
No matter what the age in which we live; mortal man must have a religion of some sorts; something to
believe in, some divinity to turn to in times of chaos and catastrophe. Surely mankind needs his god, and
nowhere else in the classical world can we find such adoration of the gods as among the Greeks and
Hindus'.
One of the best known authors of ancient Greek, Hesiod, has left us a rich heritage of poems
lauding the glory of Zeus, the great god of the Greeks and the ancient Romans. This poem found in The
Theogony serves to highlight the adoration given to Zeus and other such gods of the ancient world, today
in our materialistic and scientific world, such adoration would be deemed uncivilized and unrealistic. The
vision of the prophet Ezekiel is a constant reminder that ancient man were in close contact with their
deities, they built lavish temples and ascribed their very livelihood to the gods of Heaven.

Father of the Gods

(II: 1-25) From the Heliconian Muses let us begin to sing, who hold the great and holy Mount of Helicon,
and dance on soft feet about the deep-blue spring and the altar of the almighty son of Cronos, and, when
they have washed their tender bodies in Permessus the Horse's Spring, or Olmeius, make their fair lovely
dances upon highest Helicon and move with vigorous feet. Thence they arise and go abroad by night,
veiled in thick mist, and utter their song with lovely voice, praising Zeus the Aegis-holder and Queenly
Hera of Argos who walks on golden sandals, and the daughter of Zeus the Aegis-holder, bright-eyed
Athena, and Phoebus Apollo, and Artemis who delights in arrows, and Poseidon the Earth-holder who
shakes the Earth, and reverend Themis and quick-glancing Aphrodite, and Hebe with the crown of gold,
and fair Dionne, Leto, Iapetus, and Cronos the crafty counsellor, Eos and great Helios and bright Selene,
Earth too, and great Oceanus, and dark Night, and the holy race of all the other deathless ones that are
forever. And one day they taught Hesiod glorious songs while he was shepherding his lambs under holy
Helicon. And this word first the Goddesses said to me; the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus who
holds the Aegis. (1) The Theogony of Hesiod
Throughout the ancient world, we have numerous stories of gods and heroes who have left their
legends behind for later generations. From the Bible to the Popol Vu of the ancient Inca people, we have
tales of heroic deeds that are today hard to accept muchless comprehend by a disbelieving and sceptic
modern man. Yet to these ancient people, the gods of Heaven were just as real as the man next door, they
were mysterious and aloft dwelling on high mountains or inhabiting the towering temples and ziggurats'
of ancient days. Today in modern India, one still marvels in awe at the majestic temples and shrines built
by the ancients to the great gods who once ruled the land. The sheer scale of such building projects can be
only imagined today seeing that they did not possess the vast array of modern tools and equipment at our
disposal today.
The ancient people raised these monumental structures to their gods in honour of the blessings
bestowed upon them; and in all cases they claim that the knowledge to construct such majestic buildings
was handed down to them by the gods of Heaven. Among the ancient gods of classical times, none was
more famous or loved by the Greeks and Romans than great Zeus. In the above passage taken from
Hesiod's Theogony, we see the high praises lauded upon this well known god. The muses who attended
the altar of Zeus here openly praise the father of the pantheon of Greek gods with much adoration. Mount
Helicon (Ἑλικῶν) is a mountain in the region of Thespiai in Boeotia, Greece, with an elevation of 1,749
meters (5,735 ft). It is located just off the Gulf of Corinth. In Greek mythology, the mountain was
celebrated by Hesiod because two springs sacred to the Muses were located here: the Aganippe and the
Hippocrene, both of which bear "horse" (ἵππος hippos) in their toponym.
In a related myth, the Hippocrene spring was created when the winged horse Pegasus aimed his
hoof at a rock, striking it with such force that the spring burst from the spot. On Helicon too was the
spring where Narcissus was inspired by his own beauty. In Greek myth, Helicon was sacred especially to
the divinely inspiring Muses. Callimachus recounts his dream in which he was young once more and
conversed with the Muses on Helicon. There had been a temple built on Helicon in their honour which
contained statues of these Muses. The Hippocrene spring was considered to be a source of poetic
inspiration. In the late seventh century BC, the poet Hesiod sang how in his youth he had pastured his
sheep on the slopes of Helicon where Eros and the Muses already had sanctuaries. There was a dancing
ground near the summit, where "their pounding feet awaken desire".
There the Muses inspired him and he began to sing of the origins of the gods. Thus Helicon became
an emblem of poetical inspiration. Callimachus explicitly follows in the footsteps of Hesiod, and he
placed on Helicon, the episode in which Tiresias stumbles upon Athena bathing and is blinded but given
the art of prophecy. As we shall see in the table of the ancient gods, Zeus was known by other names to
various people. To the Greek poets, Mount Helicon was the sacred mountain where the Muses inspired
mortal man with songs and the praise of the Olympian gods.
As ruler of the pantheon, Zeus enjoyed the highest honour among the ancient gods. It was to him
that many of the ancient poets lent their voice in praise and sacred song. The many great wonders and
gifts ascribed to Zeus throughout ancient history, is indeed a testimony to the great place of honour in
which he was held. Many historians have erroneously linked him with the planet Jupiter as King of the
Heavenly planets. This association is understandable for those who would want to assign the largest
planet to the King of the gods. However, his ascension to the head of the pantheon could best be
understood by looking at the Greek legends concerning his origins. Concerning his parentage we read:

“IAPETOS (or Iapetus) was one of the Titan gods, sons of Ouranos (Heaven-Sumerian god Anu) and
Gaia (Earth-Sumerian Ki). Led by Cronos, Iapetus and his brothers conspired against their father,
preparing an ambush for him as he descended to lie with Earth. *Krios, Koios, Hyperion and Iapetus were
posted at the four corners of the world where they seized hold of the Sky-god and held him fast, while
Cronos, hidden in the centre, castrated him with a sickle. In this myth, Iapetus and the three brothers
represent the four cosmic pillars which appear in Near-Eastern cosmogonies holding Heaven and earth
apart. Iapetus himself was no doubt the pillar of the West, a position which was later and more obviously
held by his son Atlas. Iapetus "the piercer" may also have been regarded as the Titan god of the mortal
life-span. Indeed, his sons Prometheus and Epimetheus were represented as the creators of mankind and
other mortal creatures. The Titans were eventually deposed by Zeus and cast into the pit of Tartarus.
Hesiod describes this as a void lying beneath the foundations of the cosmos, where earth, sea and sky all
have their roots. Here the Titans shift in cosmological terms from being holders of Heaven to bearers of
the entire cosmos. According to Pindar and Aeschylus (in his lost play Prometheus Unbound) the Titans
were eventually released from the pit through the clemency of Zeus”.

The importance of the ancestry of Zeus and his association with the Titan god Iapetus is even more
interesting, where we read that Iapetus has been equated with Japheth (‫) ֶיפֶת‬, the son of Noah. This legend
is based on the similarity of their names and ancient Jewish traditions that held Japheth to be the ancestor
of the Greeks, the Slavs, the Italics, and the Teutons. The historian Josephus, in Antiquities of the Jews,
also makes mention of the genealogy of Japheth. The story of how the sons of Ouranos conspired against
him for the throne of Heaven is of great interest. This seemingly innocent story of ritual castration among
the gods; would have a profound impact on later generations as we shall see in the cult of Attis. With the
overthrow of Ouranos by his sons in which he was ritually castrated by Cronos, the story of Zeus and his
ascension to the celestial throne of Heaven would begin a new chapter in human history.
Cronus, Kronos or Cronos (Ancient Greek Κρόνος, Krónos) was the leader and the youngest of the
first generation of Titans, divine descendants of Gaia, the earth, and Uranus, the sky. He overthrew his
father and ruled during the mythological Golden Age, until he was overthrown by his own sons, Zeus,
Hades, and Poseidon, and imprisoned in Tartarus. As a result of his association with the virtuous Golden
Age, Cronus was worshipped as a harvest deity, overseeing crops such as grains, nature and agriculture in
general. He was usually depicted with a sickle, which he used to harvest crops and which was also the
weapon he used to castrate and depose Uranus. In Athens, on the twelfth day of the Attic month of
Hekatombaion, a festival called Kronia was held in honour of Cronus to celebrate the harvest. Cronus was
also identified in classical antiquity with the Roman deity Saturn.
After dispatching Uranus, Cronus re-imprisoned the Hecatonchires, the Gigantes, and the Cyclopes
and set the dragon Campe to guard them. He and his sister Rhea took the throne of the Heaven as King
and Queen. This period of the rule of Cronus was known as the Golden Age, the people of the time had
no need for laws or rules; everyone did the right thing, and immorality was absent. Cronus learned from
Gaia and Uranus that he was destined to be overcome by his own son, just as he had overthrown his
father. As a result, although he sired the gods Demeter, Hera, Hades, Hestia, and Poseidon by Rhea, he
devoured them all as soon as they were born to pre-empt the prophecy. When the sixth child, Zeus, was
born Rhea sought Gaia to devise a plan to save them and to eventually get retribution on Cronus for his
acts against his father and children.
Rhea secretly gave birth to Zeus in Crete, and handed Cronus a stone wrapped in swaddling clothes,
also known as the Omphalos Stone, which he promptly devoured, thinking that it was his son. This very
ancient story found in all Greek legends, is meaningless to those who are not versed in the secret
knowledge of the priesthood and wise men of olden days. What exactly is the meaning of such a tale of
ritual castration, did the gods really castrate each other in order to rule on the throne of Heaven? Surely
no one will think this is the meaning to such a legend, the key therefore to unlocking the mystery is in the
names of the deities and the planets they represented. In this legend we read that Zeus was indeed the
sixth child of Kronos, born on the island of Crete in a cave as attested by many and attended by the
Korybantes.
This in itself may look like any other Greek legend until you realize just who this god was meant to
represent. This very ancient and most honoured god was known to the priesthood as none other than the
god of Mars by reason of his animalistic symbols, the eagle and the wolf. The birth of Zeus as the god of
Mars on the island of Crete amidst the clashing of bronze shields and spears is related in later legends told
of him. Today we know from astronomy that Mars indeed holds the sixth position among the celestial
planets. It is the planet of the Dragon Throne associated with all major thunder and fire gods of the
ancient world as you shall see. Not only then was he born as the sixth son of Kronos, but he was also the
seventh god to rule the celestial throne. In the pantheon of Greek gods, Zeus holds the seventh position
been born to Kronos the sixth god.
Having castrated his father according to the Greek legends, Zeus then ascended the Dragon Throne
of the former Titans who had ruled from ancient days. Ouranos and Gaia fathered twelve great olden gods
known as the Titans. The eldest of these, the giant Cyclopes and Hecatonchires, he locked away inside the
belly of Earth. Gaia suffered immense pain and persuaded her Titan sons to rebel. Four of these were set
as sentinels at the four corners of the universe, ready to grasp their father as he descended to lie upon his
bride, Mother Earth. The fifth son, Kronos, took his place in the centre, and armed with an adamantine
sickle, castrated Ouranos while his brothers held him firm. The sky-god's blood fell and drenched the
earth, producing the avenging Erinyes and the Gigantes. After his downfall, Ouranos prophesied the fall
of the Titanes and the punishment they would suffer for their crimes.
It is a prophecy which was later fulfilled by Zeus, who deposed the brothers and cast them into the
Tartarean pit. The Titanes were known in Greek legend as: Okeanos, Koios (Moon), Krios (Mars),
Hyperion (Sun), Iapetus (Jupiter), and Kronos (Saturn). The twelve Titan Gods and Goddesses were
known as: Oceanus and Tethys, Hyperion and Theia, Koios and Phoebe, Cronus and Rhea, Mnemosyne,
Themis, Krios, and Iapetus. The children of Hyperion were Eos, Helios, and Selene. The daughters of
Coeus were Leto and Astoria; the sons of Iapetus were Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menoetius.
The Twelve Titans gods, also known as the elder gods, ruled the earth before the Olympians overthrew
them. The ruler of the Titans was Cronus who was dethroned by his son Zeus. Most of the Titans fought
with Cronus against Zeus and were punished by being banished to Tartarus.
In Greek mythology, the Titans were a race of powerful deities that ruled during the legendary
Golden Age. The Titans are also mentioned in the Theogony of Hesiod, as well as most Greek literature.
Pseudo-Apollodorus, in Bibliotheca, adds a thirteenth Titan, Dione, a double of Theia, or Medusa. The
six male Titans are known as the Titanes, and the female as the Titanides or Titanesses. The twelve first-
generation Titans were led by the youngest god, Cronus, who overthrew their father, Uranus, at the urging
of their mother, Gaia. The Titans preceded the Twelve Olympians, who, led by Zeus, eventually
overthrew them in the Titanomakhia (War of the Titans). The Titans were then imprisoned in Tartarus,
the depths of the underworld. The ascension of Zeus to the dragon throne of Heaven marked a turning
point in the history of man.
From the days of his rulership, the ancient Greeks began a new era of the Olympian gods among
men. His birthplace is said to be on the island of Crete where also the worship of Aphrodite was
prominent in their days. The birth of this goddess is said to be from the castrated member of Ouranos,
whose blood caused the goddess to be borne up on the waters of the sea according to the Greek legend.
We will return to this in a later chapter, for we have much to say concerning this legend.

The Glory of the Gods of Heaven

In this section we will review the legacy of the olden gods and their many epithets and deeds.
Migrating after the fall of Sumer, the people of the orient brought the olden gods to the new lands.
Template shows a table charting the ancient council of the gods as they were know in different cultures.
One of the most amazing stories to be found in the ancient world is the account of Gudea and the building
of the temple of Nin.Girsu, the god of ancient Lagash. This story is worth reading as it is one of the first
divine accounts of a god appearing to his servant. Images of this event are forever enshrined in an image
of this king. This image is now on display in the British Museum in London; here the King is seated with
a tablet on his lap. This tablet is said to be the one given to him in his vision by the gods who appeared to
him. This is his account of the vision as it appeared to him some two thousand years BC.

The Building of Ninĝirsu's Temple

1-4: On the day when in Heaven and earth the fates had been decided, Lagaš raised its head high in full
grandeur, and Enlil looked at Lord Ninĝirsu with approval. In our city there was perfection.
5-9: The heart overflowed with joy, Enlil's heart, a river in flood, overflowed with joy. The heart
overflowed with joy, and just as the Tigris brings sweet water, so Enlil, whose will is an enormous flood,
sparkling and awe-inspiring, came to a sweet decision:
10-16: "The lord called for his house and I intend to make the grandeur of E-ninnu known everywhere.
Using his wisdom, the ruler (i.e. Gudea) will achieve great things. He will direct faultless cattle and kids
for offering. It is for him the fated brick is waiting. It is by him that the building of the holy house is to be
done."
17-2: On that day, in a nocturnal vision Gudea saw his master, Lord Ninĝirsu. Ninĝirsu spoke to him of
his house, of its building. He showed him an E-ninnu with full grandeur. Outstanding though his mind
was, the message remained to be interpreted for him.
90-100: He stepped aboard his boat, directed it towards the city Niĝin, mooring it at the quay of Niĝin.
The ruler raised his head high in the courtyard of the goddess from Sirara. He offered bread, poured cold
water and went to Nanše to pray to her: "Nanše, mighty lady, lady of most precious....power, lady who
like Enlil determine fates, my Nanše, your word is trustworthy and takes precedence. You are the
interpreter of dreams among the gods; you are the lady of all the lands. Mother, my matter today is a
dream:"
101-109: "In the dream there was one who was as enormous as the Heavens, who were as enormous as
the Earth. His head was like that of a god, his wings were like those of the Anzud bird, and his lower
body was like a flood storm. Lions were lying at his right and his left. He spoke to me about building his
house, but I could not comprehend its meaning, then daylight rose for me on the horizon."
110-114: "Then there was a woman -- whoever she was. She …… sheaves. She held a stylus of refined
silver in her hand, and placed it on a tablet with propitious stars, and was consulting it."
115-123: "There was, furthermore, a warrior. His arm was bent, holding a lapis lazuli tablet in his hand,
and he was setting down the plan of the house. The holy basket stood in front of me, the holy brick mould
was ready and the fated brick was placed in the mould for me. In a fine ildag tree standing before me
tigidlu birds were spending the day twittering. My master's right-side donkey stallion was pawing the
ground for me."
124-131: His mother Nanše answered the ruler: "My shepherd, I will explain your dream for you in every
detail. The person who, as you said, was as enormous as the Heavens, who was as enormous as the Earth,
whose head was like that of a god, whose wings, as you said, were like those of the Anzud bird, and
whose lower body was, as you said, like a flood storm, at whose right and left lions were lying, was in
fact my brother Ninĝirsu (Ninurta). He spoke to you about the building of his shrine, the E-ninnu."
132-133: "The daylight that had risen for you on the horizon is your personal god Ninĝišzida, who will
rise for you as the daylight on the horizon."
134-140: "The young woman …… sheaves, who held a stylus of refined silver in her hand. Who had
placed it on a tablet with propitious stars and was consulting it, was in fact my sister Nisaba. She
announced to you the holy stars auguring the building of the house."
141-143: "The second one, who was a warrior and whose arm was bent, holding a lapis lazuli tablet in his
hand, was Nindub, putting the plan of the house on the tablet."
144-14: "As regards the holy basket standing in front of you, the holy brick mould which was ready and
the fated brick placed in the mould, this part of the dream concerns the good brick of the E-ninnu."
147-149: "As regards the fine ildag tree standing before you, in the tigidlu birds were spending the day
twittering, this means that the building of the house will not let sweet sleep come into your eyes."
150-151: "As regards that part when the right-side donkey stallion of your master, as you said, pawed the
ground for you; this refers to you, who will paw the ground for the E-ninnu like a choice steed."(Gudea,
cylinders A and B) Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature

This amazing story and the massive building project undertaken by Gudea after a visit from his
god, can be read in full in his life story from ancient text such as the one quoted above. Indeed the very
descriptions' of the E.ninnu and the surrounding seven great standing stones are almost uncannily similar
to the great stone circle of Stonehenge in Britain. The splendid house of precious stones, tin, copper, gold
and lapis lazuli built by Gudea for his god Ninurta aka Nin.Girsu, was a true wonder of the ancient world,
this building and its massive stones has unfortunately not survived the ages of conquest but we have a
graphic description of its grandeur from ancient writings. Here in this text, we read of the appearance of
divine beings who are both astronomers and architects, celestial beings that are capable of communicating
to a mortal the precise plans, written on a stone of lapis lazuli, of an awesome house of precious stones
and metals.
The measurements and scale of not only the house, but the very materials to be used in its
construction are given in minute details to the King. The lengthy text goes on to show how Gudea entered
a vast cedar forest, and traversed distant mountains in his quest for the right materials for the building of
the temple of his god. Even though we no longer can visit his masterpiece, we have today evidence of its
construction in the many surviving temples built by man for his god in ancient days. Although Gudea was
receiving his instructions in what might be referred to as a dreamscape, this was no illusion of an
overzealous mind. The instructions once clarified were so real that he was able to read the very drawings
from the lapis lazuli tablet he had seen in his dream, somehow, the stone tablet on which the plans were
drawn up was later found in his possession.
There is even a carving of the King seated with the tablet on his lap, it was from the mouth of his
god that Gudea had received instructions to build the magnificent E.ninnu, and it was from the hand of his
god that he received the tablets outlining the plan of the temple. Not leaving anything to chance the gods
then opened his understanding so that he may complete the task he was given. An experience that is truly
worthy of the history books for all ages to come.

463-470: For the one looked on with favour by Nanše, for the favourite of Enlil, for the ruler favoured by
Ninĝirsu, for Gudea, born in the august sanctuary by Ĝatumdug, Nisaba opened the house of
understanding and En.Ki put right the design of the house.

The book of Exodus has a very similar story of Moses on the mountain when he received the
instructions for the dwelling place of Yahweh God in the wilderness. Although we are not told if Moses
received his plans drawn on a stone tablet, one can only assume that, like the tablets of the Ten
Commandments written with a fiery stylus he must have been given other items not mentioned in the
book. If indeed Moses did not receive any instructions for the tabernacle on stone, then he would have
had to remember every last detail of the plan he was shown on the mountain. For such a meticulous God
was Yahweh of the Hebrews, i would very much doubt if this was the case. The plans were so precise and
the instructions so detailed, that today anyone reading these plans would be able to build just such a
sanctuary, just as the ancient Hebrews did more than three thousand years ago.
The fact that a record has been kept word for word, just as in Gudeas' vision, is proof that the plans
were not verbally given, but were written with the hand of God just as the commandments were. Exodus
25:40: "See that you make them after the pattern for them, which was shown to you on the mountain".
This chapter in Exodus gives a lengthy and detailed description for the materials and measurements of the
Tabernacle, and all its utensils that was to be made in the wilderness by the Hebrew crafts man. With so
many details to remember, it is doubtful if Moses could have relayed all this word for word to the many
workmen employed to construct this dwelling place of Yahweh, without written material been present.
Also we have a very strong clue from the finishing line, where God reminds Moses to implement
the planed works according to the pattern he was shown on the mountain. What this means is that God
was physically showing Moses a finished product with details of how to build the tabernacle, and all the
items to be placed in it. Today we will employ the very same methods of construction, from the drawing
board to the foreman's table; a detailed plan would be on hand for the work been carried out. What Moses
and Gudea saw in their divine encounter with a god, was a planned work with all its materials and
specifications as drawn up by a divine architect, a plan that was then handed to them to follow through to
completion. And just as Gudea received the much needed wisdom to comprehend and complete such a
divine plan from his god; so too we are told in Exodus that God endowed the Hebrew craftsmen with
divine intelligence for the building of his tabernacle in the wilderness.

Exodus Chapter 31:1-11

1: And God spake unto Moses, saying;
2: See, I have called by name Bezaleel the son of Uri, the son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah
3: And I have filled him with the spirit of God, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in
all manner of workmanship,
4 To devise cunning works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass,
5: And in cutting of stones, to set them, and in carving of timber, to work in all manner of workmanship.
6: And I, behold, I have given him Aholiab, the son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan: and in the hearts of
all that are wise hearted I have put wisdom, that they may make all that I have commanded thee;
7: The tabernacle of the congregation, and the ark of the testimony, and the mercy seat that is thereupon,
and all the furniture of the tabernacle,
8: And the table and its furniture, and the pure candlestick with all its furniture, and the altar of incense,
9: And the altar of burnt offering with all its furniture, and the laver and its foot,
10: And the cloths of service, and the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments of his sons, to
minister in the priest's office,
11: And the anointing oil, and sweet incense for the holy place: according to all that I have commanded
thee shall they do.

As in Gudea's vision, every detail of this plan was instilled in the heart of Moses, besides been
given a physical plan to follow, in both cases we have the same advent of a celestial god instructing a
mortal in the construction of his dwelling place. Every last detail right down to the materials and utensils
are covered, the very measurements and patterns are outlined with the many carvings and colours of to be
used by the builders.

The Legacy of the Gods

It has been said that our modern civilization is a gift from the brilliance of the Greeks and
Romans, who have indeed given us some of the greatest civil laws, architecture, science, politics, and a
host of other modern day achievements. Well might that be, but how about their religion? Surely, one can
see the results of their traditions, their belief and ideology in our present society. The Romans borrowed
from the Greeks and we in turn are influenced by their past systems of Government and religious belief.
The Greek poet Hesiod in the above quoted works, openly heaps praises upon the gods of the Greek
pantheon, Zeus, Cronos, Poseidon, Hera and the other great deities of his day. Like most ancient priest
and poets of his day, Hesiod was wont to laud the high gods for their great works, the creation of Heaven
and Earth, and the crowning glory of the chief god: the creation of mankind.
But just who were these gods that the ancient civilizations worshiped and praised with such
reverence. Something that is totally alien to our present day idea of worship and God. To the ancients
their gods were as real as mortals except for the fact that they were immortal beings who dwelt in a
faraway Heavenly abode. These people worshipped and feared their gods with such great reverence and
dedication that, one can read poems like "The Theogony", created with such passion and awe, that you
are instantly transported to a distant time when gods and man dwelt together on planet earth as seen
throughout many ancient cultures. Since we can all agree on the brilliant legacy that the Greeks has left
us, it is only fair to say then, that they truly believed in the dynasty of the gods and their dwelling among
mortal men.
 Every scholar and historian past and present continuously presents us with tales of heroic gods and
deify heroes who have done such great deeds as to warrant the praise of man and gods. The pages of the
Old Testament are full of the names of ancient gods from Babylon to Egypt, and though they are often
mistranslated, you can still read their names in every history book dealing with their relationship to
ancient man. Was there any such thing as gods dwelling here on planet Earth? Surely this cannot be true.
As much we would like to discredit the ancients and their way of life, no one can ignore the impact there
stories have had on modern man. Everywhere one may look today, we are confronted with the great
works of a people whose skill and precision cannot be repeated today. Today we marvel at the colossal
images and structure the world over left by the ancients.
From the great temples of Angkor Watt in the jungles of Cambodia, to the awe inspiring
monuments of the high Andean mountains of Teotihuacán and Machu Picchu, modern man has been left
speechless by the sheer beauty and geometry of the stone relics from a bygone age. Massive stone statues
and pillars some weighing thousands of tons, like the one left in its quarry near the great temple of Zeus
in Baalbek. The massive foundation platform of Baal Hadad is like no other structure in the world. It is
over 90 meters long and nearly 60 meters wide and stands some 10 meters clear of the underlying rock.
Of all the ancient sites still visited by man today, Baalbek stands out as a place of sheer wonder and
fascination. This ancient site is a testament of the mystery of the ancients and the gods they worshipped.
There is simply no explanation as how these colossal foundation stones came to be at Baalbek. No
modern explanation as to how ancient man quarried and lifted such monoliths is yet acceptable to any
intelligent mind. As mysterious as this site might be, we have yet to touch upon the massive stone
structures of Teotihuacan in South America. Here we will give an account of the history of Baalbek as
told by historians; for it will demonstrate the fact that ancient man was not alone. Neither the Pyramids,
the great stone structures of Teotihuacan and Baalbek can be accounted for by modern means.
If indeed ancient man was capable of quarrying and lifting such megaliths without modern cranes,
one is indeed baffled why modern man cannot repeat such great feats of engineering with all our modern
scientific and industrial knowledge. Did the gods not impart knowledge to man, and did not early man
claim that it was these very gods who walked among them? If then, man did not raise such structures as
seen at Baalbek, who did such great works, and for what purpose where they built? Let us review the
history of this awe-inspiring place known as Baalbek, perhaps we might learn some long lost secrets.
Concerning this ancient place we read thus:

Baalbek (Arabic: ‫ )بعلبك‬is a town in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon, altitude 1,170 metres (3,800 ft),
situated east of the Litani River. It is famous for its exquisitely detailed yet monumentally scaled temple
ruins of the Roman period, when Baalbek, known as Heliopolis was one of the largest sanctuaries in the
Empire. It is Lebanon's greatest Roman treasure, and it can be counted among the wonders of the ancient
world. The largest and most noble Roman temples ever built, they are also among the best preserved.
Towering high above the Beqaa plain, their monumental proportions proclaimed the power and wealth of
Imperial Rome. The gods worshipped here, the Triad of Jupiter, Venus and Mercury, were grafted onto
the indigenous deities of Hadad, Atargatis and a young male god of fertility. Local influences are also
seen in the planning and layout of the temples, which vary from the classic Roman design. The greatest of
the three temples was sacred to Jupiter Baal, ("Heliopolitan Zeus"), identified here with the sun, and was
constructed during the first century AD. At the time it was the largest temple in the empire.

With it were associated a temple to Venus and a lesser temple in honour of Bacchus (though it was
traditionally referred to as the "Temple of the Sun" by Neoclassical visitors, who saw it as the best-
preserved Roman temple in the world - it is surrounded by forty-two columns nearly 20 meters in height).
Thus three Eastern deities were worshipped in Roman guise: thundering Jove, the god of storms, stood in
for Baal-Hadad, Venus for ‘Ashtart (known in English as Astarte) and Bacchus for Anatolian Dionysus.
The original number of Jupiter columns was 54 columns. In the early 20th century an earthquake reduced
the 9 remaining columns to six. The architrave blocks weigh up to 60 tons each, and the corner blocks
over 100 tons, all of them raised to a height of ca. 19m above the ground. This was thought to have been
done using Roman cranes. Roman cranes were not capable of lifting stones this heavy; however, by
combining multiple cranes they may have been able to lift them to this height. If necessary they may have
used the cranes to lever one side up a little at a time and use shims to hold it while they did the other side.
The Roman construction was built on top of earlier ruins and involved the creation of an immense raised
plaza onto which the actual buildings were placed.
The sloping terrain necessitated the creation of retaining walls on the north, south and west sides
of the plaza. These walls are built of about 24 monoliths at their lowest level each weighing
approximately 300 tons. The western, tallest retaining wall has a second course of monoliths containing
the famous "Trilithon": a row of three stones, estimated to weigh over 750 tons each. A fourth, still larger
stone called "the stone of the south" (Hajar el Gouble) or "the stone of the pregnant woman" (Hajar el
Hibla) lies unused in a nearby quarry about 1 mile from the town. Its weight, often exaggerated, is
estimated at 970 tones. An even larger stone, weighing approximately 1,200 tones, lies in the second
quarry across the road. Another of the Roman ruins, the Great Court, has six 20m tall stone columns
surviving, out of an original 128. Jupiter-Baal was represented locally (on coinage) as a beardless god in
¹long scaly drapery, holding a whip in his right hand and thunderbolts and ears of wheat in his left. Two
bulls supported him. In this guise he passed into European worship in the 3rd century and 4th century
AD. An ancient image of Zeus depicts the seven major planetary powers on the front of the pillar like
term in which he was encased. A bronze statuette of this Heliopolitan Zeus was discovered at Tortosa,
Spain; another was found at Byblos in Phoenicia. A comparable iconic image is the Lady of Ephesus.
(Wikipedia the free Encyclopedia)

¹ This identification of Zeus is links him with Oannes of ancient Sumer, Ninus of Assyria, Osiris of Egypt,
and with Dagon the fish god of the Philistines. The ears of wheat links him with the celestial virgin who
holds a sheaf of wheat in her hands in the form of the star Spica in Virgo.

The Ruins of Baalbek

Most date from Roman times, they, however, followed the pattern of building upon the "sacred"
areas of cultures before them. This is also evident at Palmyra where the temple of Baal is also built upon a
tel or ruin mound. The original Canaanite temples could be 2,000 years older than the Roman remains left
today. The question is, had the Canaanites done what the Romans did? In other words, did they build
upon the site as well? If so, what caused the site to be considered sacred to them? The oldest parts of the
ruins at Baalbek fit absolutely no known culture, and were originally employed for some mysterious
purpose. Questions constantly crop up concerning these blocks. Baalbek may become a focal point for the
dichotomy being uncovered throughout the world today between the prehistoric past we assume existed
and our earliest cultures of history.
The massive and elegant Roman stonework and columns pale by comparison to the megaliths they
were built upon. The temple very visibly incorporates into its foundation, stones of some 1,500 tons. They
are some 68 x 14 x 14 feet! They are the largest worked stones on earth! It is a mystery how such stones
could have been moved into place, even according to our science and engineering knowledge of today. It
is also a fact the Romans did not use this type of stonework. To further increase their mysterious origin
and original use, these megaliths are not "foundation stones" as they are always declared to be. They
represent the top course of stones of the original edifice, whatever that may have been. Whatever its
purpose, it was essential that the greatest stones had to be on top, not on the bottom. The whole edifice is
inverted in concept, fact and layout.
Below them at least three tiers of stones can be found, much smaller though still monumental in
size. Another example that they are separate to the Roman temple, is that while the Romans built the back
of their temple wall flush with three of these stones, on one of the sides of the temple of Jupiter the
perimeter clearly falls short of the width of the original megalithic structure, allowing a tier of megaliths
to protrude obtrusively from the temple foundation— incongruous if they were simply foundation stones
for the Roman temple. But it seems the Romans could not extend the building far enough to cover the
layout of megaliths. Baalbek has been an enigma to many historians for centuries. No one can give a
justified account as to how these colossal structures were constructed, neither can it be said by whom and
for what purpose they were constructed.
This is not the only ancient site to baffle modern historians and archaeologist, for we find similar
evidence of colossal engineering in the Andes. The Incas have also left much such evidence for posterity,
and these too have proven to be a wonder for modern minds. In Plate 1 we see the colossal stone still
logged in its bed ready for removal. This massive stone pillar is today too heavy for any modern lifting
machinery to attempt to move, yet this is the same type of foundation stone we have seen in the platform
of Baalbek. Why would anyone go to the trouble of quarrying this type of stone just so it could be used on
a platform? No ancient temple was that heavy as to warrant such a great stone support. There are even
now legends among the local population of Baalbek; that these stones were laid down by giants. One
legend even tells us that it was none other than Nimrod who built this platform.
If, as we shall show, Nimrod was no human being but a deity in ancient Sumer, then this legend is
indeed understandable. The massive stones upon which the later temple of Jupiter was built were laid in
place with such precision that not even a blade can be inserted between the joints. Below the foundation
stones, the smaller base stones support the weight of the massive Trilithon as we have seen. The Trilithon
platform is composed of three stones each measuring 19 metres long x 4.2 metres wide x 3.6 metres
broad. Hewn from natural crystalline limestone with a specific gravity of about 2.7, from a quarry 1 km
mile away, they weigh 870 tons each. They have been raised to a height of 10 metres and have been so
accurately cut and placed that a razor's edge cannot be placed between them. They have been laid upon a
layer of 19 similar blocks weighing between 350 and 400 tons each.
A stone named the "Stone of the South" remains in the quarry measuring 21.3 x 4.9 x 4.3 metres
and weighing 1,250 tons. As we have read in the extracts above dealing with the later temple of Zeus built
upon the platform, the history of this ancient site clearly shows that the Trilithon stones were meant to
support something else. From the building carried out at this site by the Romans, it would certainly
indicate that prior to the temple of Zeus been erected on the platform, no other structure was present
above the Trilithon platform. What this means, should it be true, is that the massive platform was never
intended to be support any temple or building of any kind. The sheer size of the Trilithon placed on top of
smaller, yet large platform stones, would indicate that their purpose was to support something else
besides a building.
What then, we may ask, could require such support as provided by the massive stone structure with
its Trilithon stones on top, instead of been on the very foundation as would be normal practice? One only
needs look at the launch site of the space shuttle today, to understand the need for a strong platform for
the launching of any space craft. Did the ancient gods land their craft at Baalbek at the foot of the
Mountain of Descent for the watchers or Nephilim of Genesis? The debate as to how these megalith could
be quarried and lifted in place, begs the question on all lips; did human hands raise these monoliths that
not even our modern cranes had lift? Or, are the stories of giants really true. Everywhere in the old world
we come upon images and strange writings carved in stone, we have numerous texts from every corner of
the old world that deals with tales of gods and heroes.
I think that the time has come for us accept the truth of written records, to take a fresh look at the
many stone carvings and temple inscriptions from all over the known world. Man needs to re-examine the
Biblical stories in the light of modern scientific and archaeological discoveries throughout the ancient
world. The Greeks borrowed their gods from the Babylonians and Sumerians; hence the all too familiar
epithets and heroic deeds of the gods of the Greek pantheon. In every culture, past and present you will
find epic stories of ancient gods who created Heaven and earth out of chaos. You will find stories of the
creation of man and the teaming mass of earth creatures. All these stories seem to have a common theme,
gods descending from the skies to create mankind in his image. The countless legends of gods and the
creation of man must therefore have a common origin, a time when the nations had not yet separated and
the story of creation was the central theme among the ancients.
Story telling as we all know is one of the greatest ways of preserving legends of times past. And
what better way for man who knew not the art of writing to preserve the deeds and legends of past times.
With the written word and the age of the priesthood, man began to write down on ready materials the
many stories of their ancestors. Today we have a great treasure of ancient books in the form of clay
tablets, papyrus, stone carvings, and leather scrolls. From the ancients we have stories of gods who could
mount up to Heaven in fiery rocket ships, raise great stone monuments, carved out exquisite statues from
granite and other extremely hard rocks. And all without the aid of modern tools; indeed it is impossible to
recreate these ancient feats employing our most advanced tools. The marvellous temples of Egypt,
Angkor Watt, India, and Baalbek, are simply staggering to comprehend. The sheer geometry of these
ancient wonders completely baffles the mind of modern man.
How is it that these people could construct such marvels, when many people today still consider
them to be uncivilised and lacking intelligence? Time and time again, these people have insisted that they
learnt their arts from the gods who walked among them, inhabited the high temples built for them, and
directed their everyday life. Can we deny them their history? I think not. It is clear that western
civilisation has its roots in Sumer; the most ancient of nations to inhabit this planet. From the Bible we
learn that after the great deluge, mans' first home was the "Land of Shinar" the land between the great
rivers of Mesopotamia. Whereas the new generation of man descended from Noah, arrived in the valley at
a later date; the Sumerians claim to have inhabited this land before the great flood.
Their many records continuously mention the cities and temples of their gods in this land. It is
from here that we have one of the greatest epics of creation ever handed down to man. The Enûma Elish,
we will explore this creation story next; this story alone has helped to transform the thinking of both
ancient and modern man. It tells the story of the "first time"; a time of chaos, the birth of the planetary
gods, the destruction of a great serpent in Heaven, and the glorious creation of "the black headed people";
created in the image of the gods of Sumer in order to set the gods free from the back breaking task of
labour and toil. To set the tone for this book, it is best to start at the beginning of history as seen by the
Sumerians. We will begin with the Sumerian epic of creation before exploring the Bible and other legends
from around the world. I have quoted selected passages from the Enûma Elish as it is very long and
repetitive; we will concentrate only on the relevant text.
The story deals with the time of chaos and the birth of the family of the gods, the war between the
rival planetary gods and the subsequent creation of mankind. Although one might be tempted to read into
this story a mythical past and perhaps the real creation story, it will soon become clear that what we are
dealing with here is more than just the exultation of Marduk the hero god of Babylon. Stripped bare of all
its priestly connotations and self praise for Marduk, the tale speaks of a terrible battle in the Heavens
between the Babylonian god Marduk, and a Mother Serpent called Ti.Amat. According to the epic,
Ap.Su, Ti.Amat, and Mu.Mu were the first of the family of gods to exist in the watery depth of space.
From them eventually came the pantheon of Sumerian gods you will find throughout the epic. As a result
of this Heavenly battle, Ti.Amat was shattered by Marduk who created the firmament of Heaven and
planet earth from parts of her body.
But looking closely at the epic and the fearsome arsenal of weapons employed in this celestial
battle, one may clearly see what appears to be the story of a monstrous comet that allegedly smashed into
Ti.Amat. This supposed planet, the original Mother Serpent of chaos is said by some to have held an orbit
between Mars and Jupiter, before it was shattered to pieces. If such a tale should be accepted, then one
would need to ask these questions; "What was the celestial body referred to as Ti.Amat, when did this
supposed battle take place, and why is there so little debris left over in the asteroid belt if Ti.Amat was a
planet of monstrous size? According to the epic, the Asteroid belt; or the "Hammered Bracelet" to the
ancients, is the remains of this great battle between Marduk and Ti.Amat. We will hear what science has
to say concerning this lack of debris in the Asteroid Belt.
 The so called "missing planet" hypothesis just does not hold water in the light of scientific findings.
This tale has puzzled scholars and historians who tend to see this as a song of praise for Marduk in
Babylon and Assur the god of Assyria. But, as we shall see, this was no ordinary song of praise to a god
hero, it was written to tell the story of a time not so long ago when a massive fire breathing celestial body
invaded our solar system. This was a time when the Heavens were in chaos, a time when mortal man
looked to the Heavens in great fear and dread of the great dragon and the battle of the gods. This epic
poem was rewritten to exalt the newly installed Babylonian god Marduk, from all accounts it was an
ancient tale written by the Sumerian priest before the time of Marduk's supremacy.
But still no matter who was the avenging hero of the epic, the fact is, this was not written by some
god at the very beginning of creation as it would imply. If one were to read the text very carefully, you
would notice many discrepancies throughout this epic that clearly has nothing to do with two planets
colliding, as some authors like Sitchin and his deluded followers would have us believe. This epic poem
has all the hallmarks of an event in the memory of a people living in the time of a monstrous Asteroid. It
is clear from the many references to the planetary gods of Sumer, that this was a tale describing major
celestial upheavals witnessed by ancient man. Many others have commented that this epic is indeed
evidence for a twelve planet with an ancient orbit between Mars and Jupiter. There is no scientific
evidence for this hypothesis and we shall deal with this here.

Enuma Elish:
The Babylonian Epic of Creation
This is a translation for an ancient book written and enacted during the days of the ancient
Kingdoms of Babylon and Assyria. It has a story to tell; even though the tablets are badly damaged the
story is still one of major importance to the history of man and the worship of the Dragon-Serpent.
Contrary to popular believe; this is not a story telling of the true beginning of the universe, or the real
history of the creation of flesh and blood mankind. The story was re-written by the Babylonian priest to
exalt their national god Marduk, who only came to power in the late second millennia BC. The original
version was written by the Sumerians in honour of the chief gods Anu, En.lil, Ninurta, and En.Ki.
Marduk came to power when the old gods of Sumer were overthrown by a shift of alliance in the old
world in the second millennia BC. This most turbulent period in the history of the old empires, marked
the shift from the Zodiac House of Taurus to the House of Aries.
All over the ancient world of that day, you can find stories of great upheavals and change in
alliance both spiritual and civil. Against the backdrop of the upheavals which marked the transition of the
house of Taurus, many history defining events unfolded which are still much debated and documented to
this day. One such event was the ascension of the god Marduk to the throne of Babylon. Many ancient
books including the Bible speak about this god and his many deeds in the ancient world. With his
ascension to the ancient throne of Babylon, the olden gods were replaced one by one and Marduk became
the King of the gods. It was this that prompted the Priest of Marduk to rewrite the ancient text of the
Enûma Elish in praise of Marduk. In doing so, he became avenger, defender, and creator all in one to the
faithful of Babylonia.
So great was his influence and power, that many years later in the reign of Cyrus the Great, it was
"the hand of Bel" that the King grasped in the E.Sagila before his rule could be legitimized. The
importance of his role in this legend cannot be under estimated for the role he played and the weapons
employed in the fight against the monster, will help to shed light on the mystery of such a legend. The
background of the legend is of great importance in order to fully understand the story behind the legend.
It has been said by many historians that the original hero of the legend was none other than the great
Sumerian god En.lil, this indeed seems to be the case and it hold the very key to the truth behind the
story.
 Among his many epithets he was known as "the great mountain" and he was the god of mid
Heaven or the celestial space between the throne of Anu and the Earth, much as the Egyptian god Geb
was said to be. His position as ruler of the celestial space was therefore extremely important for this was
the very home of the constellations, and the place where the gods would display their celestial image as
stars or planets. The Heavens were divided between "the way of Anu" the highest Heaven, "the way of
En.lil" Mid Heaven, and the "way of En.ki" the lower celestial sphere. En.lil, according to Sumerian text,
had three sons who shared his powers and attributes, they are known throughout history as Ninurta,
Ishkur, and Nergal.
These three deities like En.lil their father, were fiery hot tempered gods and are known for their
many conflicts and warlike nature. Nergal in particular was known as the ruler of the underworld, the god
of pestilence, the god of fire and tempest and also as "the scorcher". His planet was none other than Mars,
the hot fiery planet of lore, a planet associated with the attributes of all three gods. The identity of En.lil
and his sons with the planet of destruction and the lord of the underworld, will play a crucial part in the
proceeding story we are about to read. The basis of the legend seems to show the intrusion of a fiery
celestial body into our solar system, a celestial battle of the gods against the intruder, its destruction and
the subsequent creation of order in Heaven and "the black headed people". With this in mind let us now
begin a journey into the minds of the ancients through the Enûma Elish.

Tablet 1: The Birth of the Planetary Gods

In the beginning the whole universe was a sea. Heaven on high had not been named, nor the earth
beneath. Their begetter was Apsû, the father of the Primordial Deep, and their mother was Ti.Amat, the
spirit of Chaos. No plain was yet formed, no marsh could be seen; the gods had no existence, nor had
their fates been determined. Then there was a movement in the waters, and the deities issued forth. The
first to appear were the god Lahmu and the goddess Lahamu. Long ages went past, then were created the
god Anshar and the goddess Kishar. When the days of these deities had increased and extended, they
were followed by Anu, god of the sky, whose consort was Antu; and Ea, most wise and all-powerful, who
was without an equal. Now Ea, god of the deep, was also En.Ki, "lord of Earth", and his eternal spouse,
Dam.Kina, was Gashan-ki, "lady of Earth". The son of Ea and Dam.Kina was Bel (Marduk), the lord,
who in time created mankind, thus were the high gods established in power and glory.

Here for the first time in human history, the curtain rises on the first act of the creation drama as
seen through the eyes of the ancient priest of Babylonia. We are instantly transported with the audience of
the Babylonian priest, to witness the birth of the planetary gods as they are spawned in the celestial sea of
endless space. First to be born is AP.SU meaning: "One Existed from the Beginning" And TI.AMAT
Meaning: "Maiden of Life." Ap.Su is also personified as the great watery deep. It is a time of great chaos
as the first two members of the solar system are created in the great depth of space. Nothing but darkness
and chaos reigns in this newly formed galaxy from which our sun and earth would eventually emerge
after long ages. The theme of a "first time" can be found recurring in many ancient myths, as in the
opening chapters of Geneses. Next to be borne are the gods LAHMU meaning: "Deity of War" And
LAHAMU Meaning: "Lady of Battles". The planets Mars and Venus are traditionally assigned to these
deities, but as you shall see, this is very misleading.
From these twins we have numerous text book stories of love and war throughout the ages. Old
Babylonian cylinder seals pictures the goddess Inanna to whom Venus-Lahamu was assigned; standing
on top a lion in full battle gear. Indeed these two planets are inseparable in myth and legend as well as the
position they hold in the pantheon of the gods of ancient lands. The cult of Venus-Inanna would
eventually come to dominate the religion of all the ancient lands. Reference is made of this goddess and
her influence on religion, in the books of the Bible. As Venus the goddess of love, and the lady of battles;
she was a major influence in the pantheon of the gods. In India today her cult is still as strong as in the
ancient days when she ruled in the affairs of gods and man. Among the Hindus, her name is Lakshmi. Her
consort or brother was the god of war Aries to whom Mars was assigned. These two are well known in
ancient myth and we shall meet them throughout this book.
With the birth of the twins, the stage is now set for the next gods to be spawned in the watery
abyss. Next in line are the gods ANSHAR meaning "Foremost Of the Heavens" and KISHAR meaning:
"Foremost of the Firm land." The planet Saturn is often called Anshar and Jupiter was known as Kishar.
Like their forerunners Mars and Venus, these two later became the celestial counterparts of the gods in
the Sumerian-Babylonian pantheon. In this Sumerian myth we have seven names that are said to be the
original deities of the Sumerian pantheon. Of these seven only Lahmu, Lahamu, Anshar and Kishar can
be identified as planets. The identity of Ti.Amat and Ap.Zu needs further clarification in order to
understand the epic. In most interpretations, you will notice that the name Ti.Amat is often associated
with water, or more accurately, with the great chaotic sea which is said to have existed before the creation
of the planets.
This same chaotic principle can be seen in the Genesis account of the earth, where we see the great
waters of Heaven submerging the new earth. This great sea, as we also read in the Enuma Elish, was the
original serpentine principle that existed before all life forms were manifested. In the Enuma Elish, this is
the great serpent Ti.Amat who, together with her watery mate, Ap.Zu, gave birth to the planetary gods of
Heaven. In the Bible, the new earth is presented as been dry and void without any life forms. This
bareness lasted until the life giving waters of Heaven descended to submerge the entire planet. It was,
according to Genesis: 1:1, upon this chaotic sea that the breath of God moved, stirring the great sea from
which the dry land eventually appeared with all the new life forms now coming to life.
The story continues with the birth of the greatest and most important god of the Sumerian
pantheon. Although he was not one of the first gods; he became the ruling god of the pantheon in
Babylon, Sumer and Assyria, before Marduk usurped the throne. The eighth deity mentioned in the
Enuma Elish is the Sumerian god Anu, meaning "The Heavenly One". This god is extremely important as
it was his word that governed the gods of the pantheon. Throughout the pages of ancient history, one may
find his influence over all aspects of god and man; but the only image of him is a kind of star sign or the
horned headdress. There are many stories of this god in Sumerian legends which we will explore in later
chapters. His spouse Antu was also highly praised and adored in Sumer. The great temple of Anu was
situated in Nippur and was the seat of government for the Sumerian and Babylonian people for many
centuries.
The identity of Anu and his celestial image has been a source of contention for many authors. This
problem can be easily solved by looking at his epithets and emblems of worship. In Sumer, this god is
represented as by a triple horned tiara as seen on Kuduru stones and clay cylinders. In the epic of
Gilgamesh he is referred to as "the bull of Heaven", now, this title is a well known epithet for the moon in
all cultures as seen in the Egyptian god Osiris. This identification of Anu as the moon god who became
the first and highest ruling god of Sumer, is of significance in that it is agrees with the order of the seven
stages that forms the layout of the ziggurats of Mesopotamia. We learn from Babylonian text that the
seven planetary gods represented in the ziggurats began with the highest platform dedicated to the Moon.
The next six stages were dedicated in order to the planets: Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Venus, and
Mercury. With this order of rule for the seven chief gods of Babylonia, it becomes easy to understand the
various roles assigned the ancient gods. In the Greek pantheon, Uranus was the oldest sky father before he
was castrated and overthrown by Kronos Saturn. This legend can also be found in Mesopotamia were the
Moon god Anu was replaced by Enlil the god of Saturn. What these two legends clearly demonstrate, is
the passing of one age ruled by Moon, into the age Saturn as Cronos in Greece and Enlil in Sumer. In the
Enuma Elish the ages and rulers are not in line with later religious text, in this epic the formation and
rulership of the gods begins with Lahamu and Lahmu, who are said to be identified with Mars and Venus.
This arrangement is not found among any ancient text where the Moon is understood to be the
mother of creation, hence the worldwide worship of goddess throughout antiquity. However, the epic of
the Enuma Elish does confirm this principle where we see the first being, Tiamat, dwelling in the midst of
the celestial ocean known as the Abzu. In some drawings of Tiamat, she is shown as a composite creature
with the moon disc above her head. This clearly identifies her as not only the dragon mother goddess, but
as the moon goddess, queen of the celestials and mother of gods and men. The first born son of Anu, the
Moon god, is the deity known as Enki, who is here called Nudimmud in the epic. He is better known as
Ea the first god to go to war in Heaven against Ap.Su and Mu.Mu. His son Marduk is the hero next to be
born.
Of Ea, we have numerous works and legends that will be explored through this book, his deeds and
scientific knowledge has been well documented in ancient literature. He is known as the serpent god of
healing among other names, and as we shall see, it was his creative powers that are said to have brought
mankind into being. A cylinder seal from Sumer supposedly shows him and Nin.Hursag in the Sumerian
E.Din with the newly created man as a babe on her knees. We will have a lot to say when we come to this
all too important story as compared to the Bible. Needless to say, this has always been a hotly debated
topic in the secular community. With so many versions of this story in so many distant lands; one is
indeed hard pressed to distinguish truth from fantasy. Yet all over the world you may encounter legends
of the gods "who from Heaven came" to create mankind in their image.
The greatest among them of course, been the Adam and Eve story. Who among mortal man, has not
heard the amazing story of the first man, Adam, been made from "clay"? The epic then continues to relate
the continued chaos in the Heavens where the "gods" are surging back and forth in their unsteady orbits.
Seen here as a war in the midst of the watery heavens of Ti.Amat; the gods then decided to crush the first
revolt lead by Mu.Mu. Ea, the god of wisdom, conquers Mu.Mu and takes away the "tablets of destinies"
from him. He then "cast a spell" upon Ap.Su the primordial waters, after conquering the deep waters he
establish his shrine over the place of Ap.Su and retires in splendour with his wife Dam.Kina. His great
palace is called, "the chamber of fates", and like his later temple in Eridu, was a place from where the
laws of the M.E where administered.
It was here that Marduk the god of Babylon was born according to the epic. The history of gods and
man will forever be altered by this god. Many a tale has been told of him, he was a suffering god, a great
champion, a god of conflict and the creator god of man. He was most of all, the god who wields the
dreaded Thunderbolt. In Fig: 5 Plate: 3 we have a cylinder seal showing what is referred to as the creation
of the first Adamah. Ninki and En.Ki are shown along with some vases and a Goddess with an earthen jar
from which the Goddess Ninki seems to have taken some kind of portion.

Chaos and war

The story continues: "Now Apsû and Ti.Amat remained amidst confusion in the deeps of chaos.
They were troubled because their offspring, the high gods, aspired to control the universe and set it in
order. Apsû was still powerful and fierce, and Ti.Amat snarled and raised tempests, smiting herself. Their
purpose was to work evil amidst eternal confusion. Then Apsû called upon Mu.Mu, his counsellor, the
son who shared his desires, and said, "O Mu.Mu, thou who art pleasing unto me let us go forth together
unto Ti.Amat and speak with her." So the two went forth and prostrated themselves before the Chaos
Mother to consult with her as to what should be done to prevent the accomplishment of the purpose of the
high gods. Apsû opened his mouth and spake, saying, "O Ti.Amat, thou gleaming one, the purpose of the
gods troubles me. I cannot rest by day nor can I repose by night. I will thwart them and destroy their
purpose. I will bring sorrow and mourning so that we may lie down undisturbed by them."

Ti.Amat heard these words and snarled. She raised angry and roaring tempests; in her furious grief
she uttered a curse, and then spake to Apsû, saying, "What shall we do so that their purpose may be
thwarted and we may lie down undisturbed again?" Mu.Mu, the counsellor, addressing Apsû, made
answer, and said, "Although the gods are powerful, thou canst overcome them; although their purpose is
strong, thou canst thwart it. Then thou shalt have rest by day and peace by night to lie down." The face of
Apsû grew bright when he heard these words spoken by Mu.Mu, yet he trembled to think of the purpose
of the high gods, to whom he was hostile. With Ti.Amat he lamented because the gods had changed all
things, the plans of the gods filled their hearts with dread, they sorrowed and spake with Mu.Mu, plotting
evil. Then Ea, who knoweth all, drew near, he beheld the evil ones conspiring and muttering together. He
uttered a pure incantation and accomplished the downfall of Apsû and Mu.Mu who were taken captive.

According to science, the solar system to which we belong was formed some four billion years
ago. The Enûma Elish seems to make reference to the chaotic behaviour of the celestials as they settled
into their own orbits, "the destinies" of the gods in the epic. If one considers today the fact that it takes
ages for stars to form and collapse, it will become quite clear that the priest who wrote this epic poem
must have had some knowledge of the early solar system. It should be clear by now to you, that this story
is not about the gods of Heaven, and a real fight between Marduk and Ti.Amat. If we accept the fact that
Tiamat is an early aspect of the Moon goddess, and Abzu as the waters over which she ruled both
celestial and terrestrial, then Marduk would represent Mercury, the last ruling planet in the Babylonian
system.
This idea is not too hard to grasp once you read the Hindu Vedas where Krishna is identified with
this planet. In the Vedas, Krishna takes the place of Marduk where he wields the same weapons as
Marduk in his battle with the same celestial creature as Tiamat. From the description of the players in the
epic, Marduk is thought to have been an orbiting planet with numerous satellites accompanying it as it
approached Ti.Amat, which is also taken to be another planet by some. As you will see in the ongoing
epic, the fearsome weapons and monstrous beast employed by both combatants were purely mythological
and can be only understood in that sense. We will explore the full meaning of the myth at the end of the
story. The story speaks of a time when no such creatures should have existed, since they are only known
to exist on earth and as the legend implies, earth was yet to be formed. Although many people have
chosen to believe this as a real historic event, the story holds a key to the mystery of our solar system and
the chaotic and sometime erratic behaviour of planets and other celestial bodies. There are indeed many
interesting mysteries within this story. One wonders then, did the priest imagine this epic battle? We shall
set the record straight once and for all.
The Birth of Marduk
In the chamber of fates, the abode of destinies, a god was engendered, most able and wisest of gods.
In the heart of Apsû was Marduk created. In the heart of holy Apsû was Marduk created. He who begot
him was Ea, his father; she who bore him was Dam.Kina, his mother. The breast of the Goddesses he did
suck. The nurse that nursed him filled him with awesomeness. Alluring was his figure, sparkling the lift
of his eyes. Lordly was his gait, commanding from of old. When Ea saw him, the father who begot him,
he exulted and glowed, his heart filled with gladness. He rendered him perfect and endowed him with a
double godhead. Greatly exalted was he above them, exceeding throughout. Perfect were his members
beyond comprehension. Unsuited for understanding, difficult to perceive, four were his eyes, four were
his ears. When he moved his lips, fire blazed forth. Large were all four hearing organs, and the eyes, in
like number, scanned all things. He was the loftiest of the gods, surpassing was his stature; his members
were enormous, he was exceeding tall. Ea addressed him; "My son, the Sun; the Sun of the Heavens!"
Clothed with the halo of ten gods, he was strong to the utmost as their awesome flashes were heaped upon
him. Anu brought forth and begot the fourfold wind for him.

This graphic depiction of the god Marduk should by now dispel any lingering doubts as to his
identity. We have fire emitting from his "lips" and enfolding his body; the halo (brilliant fire) of ten gods
that clothed his body as he approached the other planetary gods. It is referred to as Nibiru by Zecharia
Sitchin in his books and is now widely known as Planet X. The story of its supposed orbit between Mars
and Jupiter on a wide elliptic cycle covering 3600 years will be debated later, but for now we will deal
with the name given to this awe inspiring celestial body in this epic. Remember at the beginning of this
sector we discussed the three Sumerian gods En.lil, Nergal and Ninurta. Nergal, as we have seen, is
associated with the planet Saturn as the planet of his father En.lil, but he was also connected with the fiery
planet of Mars as well as the star Sirius whose name is known as "the scorcher" in Egyptian and Greek
text.
Nergal was also the deity who presided over the netherworld, and who stands at the head of the
special pantheon assigned to the rule of the dead who supposedly gathered in a large subterranean cave
known as Arallu or Irkalla. In this capacity he has associated with him the goddess Allatu or Ereshkigal,
though at one time Allatu may have functioned as the sole mistress of Arallu. Allatu (Allatum) was an
underworld goddess modelled after the Mesopotamian goddess Ereshkigal and worshipped by western
Semitic peoples, including the Carthaginians. Her name is also given as Arsay, a goddess of the
underworld worshipped by the Canaanites. According to texts, she is the third daughter of Baal at Ugarit.
This is very important as the name Arsay would seem to be a play on the name Astarte, the Mother
Goddess of Syria and Canaan and one of the three companions of Ba'al.
If Ereshkigal, Allatu, Arsay, and Astarte are one and the same deity whose consort in Mesopotamia
is Nergal the god of the underworld, then this certainly would make Ba'al to be none other than Nergal the
Sumerian fire god of death and the underworld. This too is in line with the aspect and fiery nature of Mars
in mythology, a trait also associated with Saturn as the grim reaper of modern and ancient myth. Now
there are many legends of this god and his dark deeds throughout history, but it is his association with
Mars and the position it holds in the Heavens, that are of special interest to us here. Since we know that
both En.lil and Nergal were not only gods of the mid Heaven, but that it was Enlil who is said to have
separated Heaven and Earth, the story therefore takes on a whole new meaning. If Marduk then took on
all the attributes of the gods of Sumer including Nergal and En.lil, then is it not safe to say that he would
naturally have acquired the planetary powers of these gods?
This is crucial for not only was Marduk also known to be the god of Mars in some myths, but
according to some legends, it was Mars that was responsible for the destruction of the Bronze Age
civilisation after a close encounter with earth. This we will explore in the writings of the learnt author, Dr.
Emanuel Velikovsky in his book "The Age of Chaos". The question then is this, was this celestial body
later given the name of the Babylonian god Marduk in order to honour him? The planet Mars in later
legends seems to have acquired the fiery nature of the invading celestial body shown on Kuduru stones as
a very large serpent. Could it be that there is more to the story of Mars as the fiery red planet than meets
the eye? Not only is Mars the closes planet to the asteroid belt where the celestial battle between Marduk
and Ti.Amat supposedly occurred, but there are legends of this planet causing havoc in the Heavens in
ancient times.
We know from observation of celestial bodies that they are a composition of metals, hot gases, dirt,
rocks, active volcanoes, and frozen ice among other elements. And it is this factor that is most significant
in the description of Marduk and his weapons. We also have a very interesting description of Marduk and
Ti.Amat each having ten or eleven heads. This is most important, for we will meet the many headed
dragon once again in the books of the prophet Daniel and the Revelation of John. Bear in mind that it was
this same Marduk who was later credited with the creation of mankind from the blood and bones of the
slain leader Kingu. It has puzzled scholars of ancient history as to why the Sumerian people called
themselves "The Black Headed People". Naturally, one is tempted to picture these people with a full
head of back hair, but surely this cannot account for the name been given to this race of early people who
inhabited the ancient land of Sumer, the first civilization on Earth.
There must be something more mysterious and darkly secretive about this name. Perhaps there is
another meaning to their name that will explain their devotion to their gods, and the undying passion that
propelled them to raise majestic temples to their gods. Since their gods all had a planetary counterpart,
and their religion was first and foremost about worshipping planetary gods; I suggest that their name has
a celestial meaning. For whether or not they believed in flesh and blood gods who descended from the
Heavens in ancient times; they believed that it was from the blood and bones of a crucified god, that
mankind was created as the epic of Enûma Elish so clearly states. This is a very powerful revelation, and
we will deal with its full impact on the story of the creation of man when we explore the myth of En.lil
and the pick axe.
 In a later story the creation of the first flesh and blood human being is dealt with. According to the
text dealing with the revolt of the Anunnaki slave workers, it was the Sumerian gods En.Ki and Ninmah,
who used the blood and "spirit" of a slain god mixed with clay to create mankind. His blood and "spirit"
was mixed with "clay" as in the Genesis story in order to bring flesh and blood mankind into being. We
will explore the full story and its impact when we come to the story of En.lil and the revolt of the
Anunnaki gods. Their toil on earth is said to have lasted for forty long cycles (1200x40), before
demanding a slave worker to be created so that the gods may be set free from their back breaking toil.
When the Sumerians refer to themselves as the black headed people, I suggest that this term is not a
reflection on any physical appearance we may envision, but rather a celestial definition.
What then, is the real mystery of the Dragon slayer as found throughout all major ancient religions?
Did a god or avenging hero really battle with a fire breathing dragon as we are meant to believe? Of all
the ancient relics dug from millions of years of earth history, not one bone has been found that can be said
to have belonged to such a fearsome creature as depicted here in text and ancient art. Did dragons really
exist? And if not then what is the mystery behind the stories, especially the Enûma Elish and Marduk the
Dragon Slayer. If Marduk, Beowulf, Finn, Re, Indra, and the god Yahweh all fought against this
mysterious dragon in the past, then surely there must be a hidden truth behind the myth. It is indeed a fact
that no dragon bones have ever been found by any archaeologist to date. Since the ancient gods were
celestial beings who descended to earth according to legend, then one must assume that these battles took
place in the Heavens just as the Enûma Elish has pointed out.
The ferocity of the weapons employed by Tiamat seemed to match the destructive thunderbolt
wielded by Marduk the hero. This is the same type of weapon that was employed by the ancient gods, as
described in Hebrew, Greek, Egyptian and Hindu legends in their conflict against the monstrous Serpent
Dragon. In all these stories, the result is always the same, the great Serpent falls from Heaven bringing
with him a colossal flood accompanied by raging fires that threatens the end of all life on Earth. The
slayer was indeed a hero as he unleashed the great flood of life giving waters that would create new life
on earth. We will return to this in later chapters.

The Mystery of Ti.Amat

There is no doubt that there were beings from the Heavens who walked on earth in ancient times.
But as ancient history has shown, people the world over worship images of their gods in temples and
sacred groves; but most importantly, they assigned them to the stars and planets of the zodiac. The
celestial bodies in effect, became the physical manifestation of the hidden god; and it was to these
celestial bodies that the ancients looked as the Heavenly manifestation of their god. And since the original
material that created "man" as recorded in the Enûma Elish, was from a slain celestial god; then the first
form of mankind was truly of the Heavens; the place where their gods originated. Their gods according to
legend had truly come down from Heaven to create the Black Headed People of Sumer. Not flesh and
blood mankind as we know them to be. The difference between them and real man is what has been
hidden by the priest of Sumer.
Flesh and blood mankind was indeed created right here on earth as stated in Genesis. The text
does not tell us just how life was created in detail, but we learn that Yahweh created man from the dust of
the ground. Some interpret this as clay, we may debate whether or not man was made according to the
Sumerian version, but this also leaves the many questions of all the other creatures unanswered. The
Sumerian version claims man was created using genetic engineering, by means of mixing the genes of a
Heavenly being and an earth creature. To the people of Sumer, the first people to inhabit the region of
Mesopotamia, the first inhabitants of earth were the Black Headed People. The Babylonian version of the
Enûma Elish was rewritten in the second millennia B.C when Marduk became the national god of
Babylon.
 The priest of his great temple the E.Sagila replaced Anu and Bel-Enlil, as the national high gods of
Sumer. Marduk, having usurped the powers of Enlil, then became the hero of an old epic of creation and
the battle of Ti.Amat. This very ancient story of a dragon slayer can be found in the writings of the
prophet Isaiah as well as in the Egyptian stories of the fight between Re and a great serpent known as
Apep. Ti.Amat, "She who gives life" was the original birth Goddess of the Heavens. It was she who
brought the planetary gods into being with her husband Ap.Su. We have before defined the Ap.Zu as the
celestial ocean where Tiamat supposedly dwelt, it was the waters of chaos from which life is thought to
originate. According to the epic war broke out in Heaven between her and her children. The planetary
gods gave their power and authority to Marduk the 2nd century god of Babylon, in exchange for his help
in restoring order to the cosmos.
The hero defeated her and her monstrous army. According to the text, Marduk then crushed her
skull and divided her in two. There are many versions as to what happened to the body of Tiamat in the
aftermath of the battle. The Enuma Elish relates how lower half was used to form elements of the earth,
while the upper half was stretched out and used as a firmament. This theme is echoed in the book of
Genesis were the God Yah also used a firmament as a barrier of separation. As in Genesis, the function of
this firmament was to prevent the celestial flood waters of a slain dragon from bursting through and
overwhelming the earth again. Marduk then must be recognized as something that is very common to
people of all ages. Something later referred to in Revelation as a great fiery Red Dragon. This graphic
description of Marduk leaves no doubt that we dealing with another celestial body known to ancient man.
Ti.Amat is often viewed by some, following the works of Sitchin, as a crushed planet that
supposedly orbited between Mars and Jupiter. According to the Enûma Elish, Ti.Amat is not referred to
as a planet, but is there called a creature of the deep, the primeval serpent who gave birth to the planetary
gods. It must be remembered that the epic was not written in the beginning of creation, but only as a story
to show how creation came to be as viewed through the eyes of the priest of the ancient world. The story
of the battle of Ti.Amat and Marduk must then be viewed as a record of an event that transpired in the
Heavens, long ages before the story was rewritten in the second millennia B.C. This will become clear
when we meet the dragon again in Revelation, where he stands before a heavily pregnant "woman"
crowned with twelve stars.
He is called the Great Red Dragon of old. And in this battle with the seed of the woman, he
employs a great flood of water in order to overpower her people. The true identity of Ti.Amat is also
debatable as some scholars tend to agree with the notion of a destroyed planet that once held the central
position of the Heavens. This supposed planet is said to have orbited between the planets of Jupiter and
Mars. We will deal with this later, for as science will show, it is almost impossible to destroy another
large Heavenly body as Ti.Amat was said to be. It certainly would take a lot of electromagnetic force and
a massive collision in order to split another planet in two pieces. It is of special interest to note that
nowhere in the epic of the Enûma Elish is Ti.Amat referred to as a planet. Instead she is called a dragon
or serpent of chaos
There are hundreds of texts dealing with the identity of Tiamat that are readily available for
research. Yet the identity of this creature of the deep is still a mystery in many ways. The idea of a
celestial serpent dwelling in the celestial ocean is not confined to the Enuma Elish alone, but this concept
is to be found in the Hebrew, Hindu, Greek, and Egyptian scriptures. The Hindu text goes even further in
assuming that this creature is moored to the celestial North Pole. This idea suggest that the serpent is the
cause of the revolutions of the Heavens and the earth, it is referred to as "the churning of the celestial
ocean" in Hindu text. The most interesting aspect of this mythology is the fact that the serpent is always
associated with the Moon. In most cases, it is identified as the great mother serpent that gave birth to the
celestial gods, who in turn created mankind as their servant. In this role the serpent becomes the mother
of all life, both celestial and terrestrial.
On page 99 of this book in the section covering the Sumerian goddess Nin.Hursag (Ki, Ninmah,
Nintu), you will find a detailed description of a primordial goddess known as Eurynome. This section
covers her activities and mating with the serpent Ophis in the beginning of creation. Once again, just as
we have read in the Hebrew, Hindu, and Greek legends, Eurynome the primordial Moon goddess is
responsible for all of creation and subsequently separates the waters of Heaven and earth. Her description
as part fish directly links her to Tiamat of Sumer, Dagon of the Philistines, Derceto of Syria, and Ninus of
ancient Assyria. In ancient text describing the mother goddess, she is most often drawn with the tail of a
serpent or large fish. This is the image of the creature Cetus one will find on astrology charts, this creature
lies on the banks of the great river Eridanus which flows out from the bottom of the constellation of
Orion. As you will see in the next chapter, this creature is said to be the inspiration behind the Tiamat
myth and the celestial battle involving Orion as Marduk.

Marduk the Dragon Slayer

The ancient history books of Sumer and Babylon are replete with the names of deities who are
said to have descended from Heaven. You will meet them throughout this book where such names as
Anu, En.Ki, Enlil, Ninurta, Sin, Ishtar, and Marduk are associated with the history of ancient
Mesopotamia. The most crucial fact relating to the Sumerian deities is the hidden name by which they
were known among the ancient people. In many epic stories written by loyal priest and devotees; these
gods are often referred to as Serpents. Hence they were often times mentioned in ancient script as the
serpent gods of Sumer. Does this mean that they looked like serpents? Why does ancient text refer to
these gods as "Serpents"? What is so mysteriously divine about a common earth creature, that a god from
another planet could be associated with this humble earth serpent?
As everyone is aware, it was a serpent that spoke to Eve and enticed her into eating the forbidden
fruit. We will have plenty to say about this when we deal with the myth of the Sumerian goddess Nin.ti,
also known as Nin.Hursag, and the story of the creation of man. The story of Eve and the serpent has been
likened to her story, and as you shall see, the name Nin.ti is translated to mean; "lady of the rib". The
word "rib" in her name is translated in Sumerian to mean "that which gives life". If then the reference to
the gods of ancient Sumeria does not imply the common earth creature we all know; then surely there
must be a very good reason for the ancient people to refer to them as "serpents". The answer should not
be too hard to guess, for in the Enûma Elish, Ti.Amat is called a Serpent Dragon, and it was she who
brought the planetary gods into being in the beginning of time according to their legends.
Her children, naturally, should also be serpents or dragons. The battle of the gods found in the
Enûma Elish should then not be taken as some ancient war between a so called planet, aka Ti.Amat, and a
Babylonian god Marduk. Fig 2 Plate 1 gives a good example of what seems to be a depiction of an
ancient phenomenon when the Heavenly host was under the domination of some celestial body. The
extraordinary size of the serpent pictured here, gives a good idea as to the chaos caused by such an
intrusion of a celestial body of this magnitude into our solar system. Can we find any correlating ancient
evidence to support this argument? The very fact that such a boundary stone exist, among many others
found, showing this monstrous serpent with its head in the constellation of Gemini, and its tail in
Sagittarius, is very significant indeed.
This great celestial body approached the solar system from the southern regions at about 30˚ south,
which is the region of Sagittarius and Scorpio. With a motion from southwest to northeast, it would cover
one third of the southern skies, and block out the sun light in the northeast of Heaven. But more
important, its head would come to rest in the northern stars of the Pleiades. Among the Aztecs and Mayan
people, this group of stars above the constellation of the Bull, is known as The Rattle Snake. With its
death rattle, the Aztec year would be renewed every 52 years. What is the mystery behind the Pleiades
constellation? Since the serpent is an astral figure composed of a group of stars that forms the body of the
serpent Draco, then it is to the Heavens we must look for the meaning of the Heavenly battle between
Marduk and Ti.Amat.
This ancient battle has been preserved in many myths among many races the world over, and
presented in such varying forms of poetry and song, that the true meaning has been lost in myth and
fantasy. As seen in Fig: 5 Plate 3, this boundary stone called Kuduru in Babylon, was just one such
memory preserved by ancient people of the terrible and dreadful appearance of a serpentine object in our
solar system. As you shall see when we come to the chapter dealing with the close encounter of a great
comet as witnessed by many nations, the extraordinary size of the serpent on the boundary stone is no
exaggeration at all. The image of the large serpent on the boundary stone seems to represent a celestial
body that appeared in the Heavens sometime in the recent past. The direction of its motion is set out for
us in this stone carving where you can see that it had a motion from the southwest, meaning it had to
originate somewhere in the constellations of Scorpio or Sagittarius.
Lying at a declination of -30˚, it is visible at altitudes of +40 and 90˚ during the month of July. The
epic of the Enuma Elish list this constellation as "the scorpion men" in the great battle between Marduk
and Ti.Amat. The Star of Marduk is also said to cross the Heavens at 45˚ of the zodiac, we will deal with
this in our review of the comet that was recorded by many ancient cultures as threatening the earth in the
legend of phaeton. Elements of the battle between Marduk and Ti.Amat may be found in the histories of
many ancient people, were you will find legends of a great battle between gods and monsters. In Egypt
we have the never ending struggle between the god Ra and a monstrous fire breathing serpent known as
Apep, in India we have the story of Vritra and Indra battling with ferocious weapons.
In the Greek epics which we will explore in the chapter dealing with the fall of Phaeton, we have
the most graphic and frightening description to date of the advent of a celestial body and the terrible
aftermath of its fall to the Earth. The awful fire which accompanied its fall to earth was indeed so
dreadful and terrifying that the memories still linger to this day. I have studied these great stories from
India, Greece and Babylon for many years, and I have read the reviews and opinions of learned scholars
who all with one mind, has claimed that these epics are nothing more than the yearly battle between
drought and rain storms. I strongly disagree with this interpretation of the epics as they certainly do not
reflect the true nature of the battle been described. Among the many celestial warriors featured in the
army of Ti.Amat are the Scorpion Men.
This in itself has no clear meaning unless it is understood to mean the constellation of Scorpio. This
fact can be better demonstrated in the legend of Phaeton which we will review shortly. Take for instance
the Enûma Elish, can anyone reading this story relate such terrifying monsters that are here described, to a
spell of drought attacking the land? Similarly, the battle between Indra and the monster Vritra is said by
some to be a long spell of drought which Indra brought to an end by killing the monster that held back the
rains. Yet in all these epics we have the very same recurring theme, a god fighting a monstrous beast that
was causing havoc in the Heavens. In Fig: 5 Plate: 3, we have seen the ancient stone carving showing a
monstrous serpent invading the zodiac. These stones are known as Kuduru or boundary stones and are
found in ancient lands, often marking territories.
This ancient stone carving, however, seems to depict something more than just an ordinary
boundary marker. Looking at this carving, one gets the feeling that there is a story behind the imagery
found on this Kuduru stone. The serpent in this setting would seem to represent a rather large celestial
body. It is well known from ancient text that celestial bodies including comets and Asteroids are
commonly referred to as dragons or serpents. This image of a large serpent with a southwest notion rising
out of the constellation of the Scorpion is of special interest, as this constellation is said to be ruled by
Mars, the serpent been known to be the zodiac animal of this sign. It is also known as the "underworld"
and the dark waters under the Earth. As you shall see later in this book, it was to this infernal region that
the corn goddesses Ishtar and Demeter descended in search of Tammuz and Persephone. It is now called
the domain of Hades the dark lord who rides a golden horse drawn chariot, just as Marduk did in the fight
with Ti.Amat. The story continues:

Kingu, who shared the desires of Ti.Amat, spake unto her words of counsel, saying: "Apsû and
Mu.Mu have been overcome and we cannot repose. Thou shalt be their Avenger, O Tempestuous One."
Ti.Amat heard the words of this bright and evil god, and made answer, saying, "On my strength thou
canst trust. So let war be waged." Then were the hosts of chaos and the deep gathered together. By day
and by night they plotted against the high gods, raging furiously, making ready for battle, fuming and
storming and taking no rest. Mother Huber, the creator of all, provided irresistible weapons. She also
brought into being eleven kinds of fierce monsters, giant serpents sharp of tooth with unsparing fangs,
whose bodies were filled with poison instead of blood. Snarling dragons clad with terror, and of such
lofty stature that whoever saw them was overwhelmed with fear. Nor could any escape their attack when
they lifted themselves up. Vipers and pythons, and the Lahamu, hurricane monsters, raging hounds,
scorpion men, tempest furies, fish men, and mountain rams. These she armed with fierce weapons and
they had no fear of war.

Then Ti.Amat, whose commands are unchangeable and mighty, exalted Kingu, who had come to
her aid, above all the evil gods. She made him the leader to direct the army in battle, to go in front, to
open the attack. Adorning Kingu in great splendour, she seated him on high and spoke, saying: "I have
established thy command over all the gods. Thou shalt rule over them. Be mighty, thou my chosen
husband, and let thy name be exalted over all the spirits of Heaven and spirits of Earth." Unto Kingu did
Ti.Amat deliver the tablets of fate, she laid them in his bosom, and said: "Thy commands cannot be
changed; thy words shall remain firm." Thus was Kingu exalted; he was vested with the divine power of
Anu to decree the fate of the gods, saying, "Let thy mouth be opened, thwart the fire god, be mighty in
battle, brook no resistance."

Marduk is not the only dragon slayer we have read about in ancient text, the Greek,
Scandinavians, Chinese, Hebrew, and Hindu legends speaks of the same heroes battling against
monstrous dragons. In all of these epic stories the same devastating weapon is employed in destroying
this raging fire breathing monster. The question one may ask is this; why did the ancient people describe
the same legend in almost the same way? Is there a hidden meaning behind the dragon myth? And most
importantly, how is it that they all witnessed such a creature in the Heavens at the same time? Unless this
mythical dragon was as big as a planet and within Earths' atmosphere, there is no way that so many
people could have seen it at once in the Heavens above. This leaves us with only one answer; all the
dragon myths of ancient legends describing a fire breathing monster can be nothing more than a reference
to some kind of celestial body, perhaps a colossal Asteroid or Comet.
The epic clearly describes the ferocious weapons used by both Ti.Amat and Marduk; furthermore,
Marduk is described as been crowned with a halo of brilliant fire. Can this be a real celestial being
actually fighting against an incoming celestial object? Or was Marduk himself the intruder which
threatened the destruction of the world? The story seemed to have undergone a full 360 degree twist, in
order to show what was supposed to be a time of terrible chaos in recent history, as a fight between
Marduk and the dragon of chaos. The entire story is based upon something that actually happened long
before Marduk became the supreme god of the pantheon in Babylon. From the opening chapters of the
epic, we have a time of chaos followed by the birth of the planetary gods of Sumer, but as I pointed out
none of these Sumerian deities were around four billion years ago or at the "beginning" of creation to
write this story.
This epic battle was relived every year at the Akiti Festival of ancient Babylon, and from the
records handed down to us from text, it was a very solemn event performed to relive the battle of the
gods. The legend of the battle described in the Enûma Elish, no doubt served as a reminder to the people
that the chaos monster must be vanquished at the yearly festival. Yet this epic battle could not have been
between two celestial planetary gods, in Marduk and Ti.Amat, as some are wont to believe. While the true
origin of the epic is unclear, the ideology behind the story is easily understood in the battle to maintain
order in the cosmos and on earth. The location of the supposed battle, the constellations and star gods
involved in this struggle makes the legend all the more interesting.
The mention of mythical animals, great bolts of lightning; violent hurricanes and flood waters that
followed Marduk, speak of the appearance of a celestial body crossing our solar system. A massive object
such as a comet or asteroid, long frozen in the depths of space and suddenly heated by our sun, could also
produce the violent weather associated with Marduk the hero. One of the key factors in this legend is the
father of Marduk, for in the ancient history of India, Greece, and Rome, he is not known by his Sumerian
name En.ki, but is there referred to as 1Vulcan. Now this name is of great interest since it implies one who
is associated with fire, and indeed he is known in these cultures as "the god of celestial fire". He is at once
the blacksmith to the gods, and the forger of weapons of iron for the celestial wars fought by gods. This
point is clearly emphasized in the same myth of the hero Indra when he, like Marduk, slayed the great
dragon Vritra of the Vedas.
We will meet this legend shortly, but in this legend of the dragon slayer, the god Indra first had to
obtain an iron weapon to destroy the monster Vritra. En.ki, here called ¹Tvashtri, fashioned the
thunderbolt (Vajrayudha) for Indra which he unleashed with devastating effect against the serpent dragon,
later in the Greek epics you will find Zeus unleashing just such a weapon against the monster Typhoon.
The role of this god Marduk in the battle of the Enûma Elish can be traced to India and Greece, and we
see the very same monster and weapons, only the names has been changed. Marduk became Indra in the
Indian epics and Zeus in the Greek version, yet the weapons and the basic principle of the epic remained
the same. It is time we re-examine the true meaning of the Enûma Elish in a new light. Perhaps we will
discover a long forgotten mystery that the ancients were keen to hide behind metaphors and mysterious
monsters. As we review the Greek legend of the fiery demise of Phaeton son of the sun god, it becomes
quite clear that we are dealing with one and the same legend as found in the Enuma Elish and the legend
of Vritra and Indra as found in the Vedas.
¹ The name for Vulcan is almost identical to the name of Sirius in Persian text, the star Sirius is there
called Tishtrya, the bringer of floods. We will return to this later in Chapter III.

The Mystery of the Celestial Serpent

From the book of Genesis to the mysterious writings of the Aztec Indians, we read the stories of a
great celestial Serpent that existed from the beginning of time. In Egypt, the sun god Re is seen travelling
through the dark and forbidding underworld with twelve gates where he is attacked by a monstrous fiery
Serpent. The gods in his train is headed by the god Thoth whose magic incantations drives back the wrath
of the Serpent attacking the celestial barge of Re. This passage through the dark underworld has prompted
many historians to speculate that the Egyptian underworld was somewhere underground. However, if you
study the drawings of the Egyptian god as he journeys through the underworld, a very different picture
emerges, for the picture shows the god journeying through the body of Nut his celestial mother.
With an arched body, her arms and legs are supported by the god Shu, the Egyptian god of the
Firmament, beneath him lays the god Geb, the Egyptian god of the Earth. The sun god does not pass
through the bodies of either of these gods, but only through the celestial body of Nut. Therefore the
Egyptian underworld was not to be found under the solid ground, but in the celestial western "Mountain
of Heaven" in which the sun was thought to set. This can only mean that the Serpent attacking his
celestial barge had to be a monstrous celestial Serpent, this is the very same recurring theme that we meet
throughout all ancient religions as well as in the Bible. From the book of Genesis we learn that the earth
at the beginning of creation was submerged under a great flood that covered the entire planet. The origins
of this great sea has been a mystery to Bible historians for centuries, and is even now still hotly debated in
secular circles.
The clue to the mystery lies in the aftermath of such a catastrophic flood, for we are then told in
the same chapter that God, in order to cause the dry land to appear, lifted a great volume of the flood
waters back into Heaven from where they had originally fallen. He then proceeded to divide the waters
from the waters by creating a firmament between the Heavens and the earth in order to prevent the
celestial waters from returning to earth thereby undoing his creative work. Needless to say, this is a great
puzzle to those who do not understand the mystery of the celestial Serpent and its great flood waters. How
could such a great flood of water fall from the Heavens and literally drown an entire planet? And how is it
that God was able to lift such great volumes of water from off the earth back into the Heavens, and then
create a mysterious firmament that effectively barred the waters of Heaven from returning to Earth? The
answer to this riddle lies in the mystery of the celestial serpent.
According to the ancient Egyptians, their god Osiris was crucified in Heaven at the beginning of
time by his angry brother Set. His broken body then fell to earth in a great flood of water and meteorites
which flooded the land of Egypt, represented as planet Earth. It was his broken body which caused life to
begin on earth and this eventually led to the rite of slaying a mortal at the time of ploughing in many
ancient lands. This god as seen in art form was always depicted with an amphibious body holding the
Regal symbols of Kingship, his throne is surrounded by a great celestial sea on an island in the midst of
the waters. Once again we are faced with a celestial deity representing a sea serpent whose flood waters
are seen descending from the Heavens to bring life to a barren Earth.
Could the mystery of the great flood waters of Genesis be explained in the Egyptian mystery of
the god Osiris and his celestial waters? Both Osiris and the monstrous serpent Ti.Amat have one thing in
common with the story of the flood waters of Genesis; they all originated in the Heavens. Since these
ancient mysteries seem to have a celestial origin, then i suggest that we look to the Heavens for the true
meaning of these ancient stories. The flood waters of Genesis that descended from Heaven at the
beginning of creation, may have also originate from a celestial body here represented as a "Serpent", just
as Osiris is said to have brought his great flood waters to the land of Egypt. What kind of celestial Serpent
could have existed at the beginning of creation that could have brought its life giving waters to planet
Earth? Remember the death of Osiris was looked upon as occurring in Heaven, and therefore it was from
there that his broken body and flood waters descended to earth.
In the Sumerian account of the creation of the mysterious black headed people, it was decided by
the chief gods that Kingu should be crucified and his blood and bones used to bring the black headed
people into being. Since then that Ti.Amat, Osiris, and Kingu are all associated with life, and it was the
coming of the great flood waters that brought life to a barren Earth, surely these must all be pointing in
the same direction. Since we know for a fact that Osiris was represented as the star Saiph in the
constellation of Orion, it is not too hard to understand the idea behind the serpent and its flood waters.
Orion is also the constellation linked to the epic of the Enuma Elish as you shall see, and together with
the bow star Sirius which is known as the star of Isis, these two well known constellations have been
associated with great floods and scorching heat throughout antiquity.
This can only mean that there are similarities between the great flood of Genesis, and the Egyptian
story of the death of Osiris. Both seem to tell the story of a great catastrophe in Heaven that brought life
giving waters to our planet. Our own planet Mother Earth would therefore by seeded by the semen or
waters of a celestial god. This is the same theme echoed in the legends of Ouranos and Gaia found in the
Greek legends. Throughout the ages, Orion has been known as the king of the celestials, from its position
on the celestial equator, it is the leading deity and the most visible in the night sky. It's equally illustrious
neighbour and companion, Sirius, is well known as the star of various goddesses from Mesopotamia to
Egypt. This star alone has so many myths and legends from ancient cultures, it would take a separate
book to list them all.
These two are spoken of in myths with the same breath and are looked upon as husband and wife in
many texts. Together, their histories have provided us with a wealth of knowledge concerning the origins
of man according to ancient text. As farfetched as this may seem to you, the Enûma Elish and other
dragon legends all seems to hide a mystery behind metaphors and wild imagery. Most Christian churches
to this day are adorned with symbols of the dragon, and as you shall see there is a very graphic statue of
St. George slaying the celestial dragon housed in the Cathedral of Saint Nicholas in Stockholm Sweden.
Ancient mystery schools taught that mankind is descended from the great celestial Serpent, slain in
Heaven in ages pass, hence the legend of people who were known as the "Hivim" the "Levites" and the
Chinese "sons of the Dragon".
One ancient legend which serves to demonstrate this legend is the story of Jason and the Argonauts.
In order to obtain the mysterious Golden Fleece from the land of ²Colchis, he had to slay the deathless
dragon of many heads. He accomplished this by casting a magic spell from the priestess Media, after
slaying the dragon he was asked to plough the field of Aries with the fire breathing bull and sow the field
with the teeth of the dragon. Having cast the teeth into the ploughed field, immediately a mighty army of
men rose to combat Jason. This story holds a wealth of information for those who understood the
mysteries, for in this seemingly simple tale, we come face to face with the mystery of how the teeth of the
dragon could produce mankind. Many great Kings and mystics of ancient days were known as "sons of
the Dragon.
This, as you shall see in the coming chapter, is a recurring theme in ancient Sumer where the "blood
and bones" of Kingu the warrior god of Ti.Amat, were used to bring the "black headed people" into being
and subsequently mankind himself. The legend of the dragon is to be found in all ancient cultures and in
many primitive societies, it was understood that life came from the stars and that the priest and holy men
were "sons of the dragon". Yet contrary to all ancient believe in the mythical dragon, not a single dragon
relic has ever been discovered by archaeologist in any age. Still the world is full of images of dragons
carved in stone, woven in silk on the rich robes of ancient rulers, and adorning many ancient monuments
to this very day. Comets and asteroids are often referred to as dragons, and from the appearance of these
celestial wonders, one may indeed be inclined to refer to such phenomenon as "the dragon in the sky".
Given the destructive nature of such celestial bodies, we can easily accommodate the many legends
of the ancients. This fact can be seen in the Enuma Elish were the object referred to as Tiamat, could
easily be taken to be an asteroid or comet. The epic points directly to another celestial body whose orbit
had been changed perhaps by the sun, thereby bringing it into close orbit with the earth. The avenging
hero of the epic, Marduk, is later identified with Nibiru, "the star of crossing", also known as "the true
shepherd of Anu" in the Mul.Apin star tablets. This star, as you shall see, is better known today as the
Bow Star, Sirius. The faithful star of Orion the hunter. This fact is made clear in the aftermath where the
celestial body became "the star of Marduk" and given the central potion as the "shepherd" of the
celestials.
This is a key factor in understanding the epic, for Marduk of later years came to be identified with
the "star of crossing" that once did battle with the great serpent in the celestial sea. Ti.Amat, the dragon of
chaos who brought life into being on earth and gave birth to the planetary gods of Heaven, now assumes
the role of the serpent that was "sacrificed" in Heaven after giving birth to the gods. It was her broken
body then which not only brought life to Earth, but the blood and bones of Kingu her spouse and
defender, became the essence in the creation of the "black headed people" of Sumer, and eventually
mankind. In almost every ancient religion, it was understood that it was a serpent that created life in
Heaven and later brought this life down to Earth. This fact can be seen in the Greek legends where the
Mother Goddess almost always bears a serpent form and in every case is accompanied by serpents.
Moreover, it was either a "daughter or son" of such a deity who eventually would be crucified as a
fertility god or goddess as seen in the stories of Adonis, Tammuz, Osiris, and Persephone. To the ancient
mind therefore, it was a serpent who originally gave life to gods and man, and as the great primordial
creatrix, she was the most olden goddess above even the ruling sky father. Another key factor in this
theory is the idea that as the primordial serpent of chaos, birth, death and resurrection, this celestial
serpent became symbolic of planet Earth. The metamorphism from a celestial serpent to a terrestrial
serpent in the form of planet earth is extremely crucial to the mindset of the ancients. For this now laid the
foundations for the next step in a sacred drama about to unfold. One of the most secret and sacred dramas
of ancient religion was that of the sacred marriage between Heaven and Earth. It was something shrouded
in mystery and often carried out in deep caves or dark rooms within a temple.
In Greece where the Mother Goddess Demeter appeared as a serpent lady, her shrine was hidden
within a deep dark cave where she was said have mated with her spouse. The mysteries of Eleusis took
place in underground caves and tunnels and involved pigs, snakes, seeds, and a mysterious light at
midnight. The Greek legend tells us that Cronos, the sky father, "came down drunk with love brining
night with him" as he mated with mother earth his bride. We have seen that many ancient gods were
known as "serpents" and so naturally if Cronos wanted to lay with his bride, Mother Earth, one would
assume that he too was considered to be a celestial serpent. This mating of the celestial serpent, the father
of gods and men, with the mother of gods and men, is indeed a mystery one finds hard to comprehend in
this age.
Yet this sacred mystery was at the very heart of ancient religion, it was to eventually lead mankind
to practice and promote serpent worship on a grand scale. To the ancients this made perfect sense. As the
celestial gods were born from the womb of the primordial serpent, it was also necessary for the serpent
god of Heaven to father a race of mortals and immortals by causing his seed to impregnate mother earth,
the female serpent. This sacred union is that which was practiced by the ancients in caves and sacred
temples throughout history. Hence we have the epic of the Enuma Elish been dramatised during the New
Year festival at Babylon in honour of Marduk, the hero who slayed the great celestial serpent in the
Sumerian legends. The mysterious seed of the celestial serpent impregnating his bride, Mother Earth, can
be nothing else than the water and meteorites of the serpent whose body was broken in Heaven in order
that his seed might enter into the womb of the terrestrial serpent, giving birth to man and vegetation.
Hence, in Egypt it was said that the body of Osiris "has entered into every plant". Today this
concept seems as alien as an alien landing, but to the people of old it was the very essence of creation.
Both the Greek and Hindu legends all speak of the great flood waters that accompany the sky father as he
descended to Earth. This will be made clear when we deal with the birth of Krishna and his catastrophic
descent to earth amidst a great flood, whilst been sheltered under the hood of a great serpent with seven
heads. This same serpent you will meet in the book of Revelation, where he too cast out a great flood out
of his mouth upon the earth. As you shall when we come to the legend of the birth of Krishna, he is said
to have descended from Heaven in the Iron Age amidst a great flood. His very image as seen on all Indian
art is that of a man reclining on the coils of the great serpent known as Shesha.
Both Vishnu and Indra are also associated with this serpent with seven heads, the very same theme
you will find in the book of Revelation. There can be no doubt as to the meaning of the celestial serpent,
and the great flood waters that accompany him on his catastrophic descent to mother earth. Almost every
ancient culture reveres the celestial dragon to the point that it is held in great honour among them. From
the talking serpent of Genesis to the legends of Greece, India, and Rome, we have the sacred worship of
the serpent among all ancient cultures. The mysterious floods that always accompany the descending
celestial serpent can only be understood by applying the same esoteric meaning as the ancient mystery
schools. Water, in every case when applied to a fertility god or serpent, always represents his life force
been poured out into the womb of the earth goddess.
This ancient theme of the sky father pouring out his life force into mother earth forms the
background to the great mystery schools of ancient man. For, should it be accepted that the celestial
serpent or sky god fathered the children of mother earth, then the children would be of a celestial origin
although they are born on earth. Therefore, when the ancient priesthood is referred to as "sons of the
dragon", one should understand the esoteric meaning behind such a statement. The children of the serpent
were the "wisdom teachers" of old; it was to them that the secrets of Heaven were revealed as in the
oracle of Delphi. Here, in this ancient temple now in ruins, it was the serpent god Apollo who gave
prophecies to the Sybil dwelling in the mouth of the cave.
The gods of ancient Mesopotamia were referred to as serpents in some text; this should not be taken
to mean that they had serpentine bodies as some would have you believe. If then, the reference to these
early inhabitants of the earth are not meant to identify them as creatures that crawl in the dust, it surely
must be understood that they are in reference to their origins and their Heavenly wisdom. The strongest
argument for this definition comes from the Bible itself. Everyone has heard about the wise serpent of
Genesis who enticed Eve, this, of course is the most controversial biblical story ever told and one that is
debated by scholars and theologians of every age. We have covered this story in depth elsewhere, but it
bears saying that a mere "serpent" could not be referred to in this story.

²Colchis is said to be an ancient land somewhere in the Black Sea region

 Chapter II
The Age of Chaos

War in Heaven-Ti.Amat the Mother of Battles

Mankind from the blood of Kingu
The Planetary Gods of Sumer
The Comet Venus

War in Heaven
Continuing from the Enuma Elish we read: They prepared for him a lordly chamber, before his
father's as Prince he took his place. "Thou art chiefest among the great gods, thy fate is unequalled; thy
word is Anu! O Marduk, thou art chiefest among the great gods, thy fate is unequalled; thy word is Anu!
Henceforth not without avail shall be thy command, in thy power shall it be to exalt and to a base.
Established shall be the word of thy mouth, irresistible shall be thy command, none among the gods shall
transgress thy boundary. Abundance, the desire of the shrines of the gods shall be established in thy
sanctuary, even though they lack offerings. O Marduk, thou art our avenger! We give thee sovereignty
over the whole world. Sit thou down in might; be exalted in thy command. Thy weapon shall never lose
its power; it shall crush thy foe. O Lord! Spare the life of him that putteth his trust in thee, but as for the
god, who began the rebellion, pour out his life." Then set them in their midst a garment and unto Marduk
their firstborn they spake:

"May thy fate, O lord, be supreme among the gods, to destroy and to create; speak thou the word,
and thy command shall be fulfilled. Command now and let the garment vanish; and speak the word again
and let the garment reappear"! Then he spake with his mouth, and the garment vanished; again he
commanded it, and the garment reappeared. When the gods, his fathers, beheld the power of his word,
joyfully they did homage: "Marduk is King!" They bestowed upon him the sceptre, the throne, and the
royal vestment. They gave him an irresistible weapon that smites the enemy; saying: "Go and cut off the
life of Ti.Amat, may the winds bear her blood to places undisclosed." Bel's destiny thus fixed, the gods,
his fathers, caused him to go the way of success and attainment. He constructed a bow, marked it as his
weapon, attached thereto the arrow, and fixed its bow-cord. He raised the mace, made his right hand grasp
it. Bow and quiver he hung at his side. In front of him he set the lightning, with a blazing flame he filled
his body. He then made a net to enfold Ti.Amat therein. The four winds he stationed that nothing of her
might escape, the South Wind, the North Wind, the East Wind, and the West Wind. Close to his side he
held the net, the gift of his father Anu. (The bow constellation is known from ancient times to be our
modern Orion which includes the Dog Star Sirius also known as "The Scorcher")

He brought forth Imhullu: "The Evil Wind, the Whirl-wind, the Hurricane, the Fourfold Wind, the
Sevenfold Wind, the Cyclone, the Matchless Wind"; then he sent forth the winds he had brought forth, the
seven of them. To stir up the inside of Ti.Amat they rose up behind him; then the lord raised the flood-
storm, his mighty weapon. He mounted the storm-chariot irresistible and terrifying. He harnessed and
yoked to it a team of four horses, "the Killer, the Relentless, the Trampler, and the Swift". (Notice here
the mention of the four horses that traditionally are linked to the chariot of the Sun). Their lips were
parted, their teeth bore poison they were tireless and skilled in destruction. On his right he posted the
Smiter, fearsome in battle, and on his left the Combat, which repels all enemies. For a cloak he was
wrapped in armour of mail; terror-inspiring splendour he wore on his head. The lord went forth and
followed his course; towards the raging Ti.Amat he set his face. In his lips he held a spell; ³a plant to put
out poison was grasped in his hand. Then they milled about him, the gods milled about him, the gods, his
fathers, milled about him, the gods milled about him. The lord approached to scan the inside of Ti.Amat,
and of Kingu, her consort, the scheme to perceive. As he looks on, his course becomes upset, his will is
distracted and his doings are confused. ³The plant referred to here, bears similarity to the plant placed
between the horns of Hathor and Isis the cow goddesses of Egypt, this links Marduk, Isis and Hathor to
the star Sirius.

Ti.Amat: The Mother of Battles

When the gods, his helpers, who marched at his side, saw the valiant hero, their vision became
blurred. Ti.Amat emitted a cry, without turning her neck, framing savage defiance in her lips: "As
Marduk gazed, Kingu was troubled in his gait, his will was destroyed and his motions ceased. The gods,
his helpers, who marched by his side, beheld their leader's confusion and their sight was troubled. But
Ti.Amat..., she turned not her neck, with lips that failed not she uttered rebellious words: "... thy coming
as lord of the gods, from their places have they gathered, in thy place are they!" Thereupon the lord,
having raised the flood storm, his mighty weapon, to enrage Ti.Amat he sent word as follows: "Why are
you risen, haughtily exalted, you have charged your own heart to stir up conflict, . . . sons reject their own
fathers, while you, who have borne them, have foresworn love! You have appointed Kingu as your
consort, conferring upon him the rank of Anu, not rightfully his. Against Anshar, King of the gods, you
seek evil; against the gods, my fathers, you have confirmed your wickedness. Though your forces are
drawn up, your weapons girded on, stand up, that we may meet in single combat!" When Ti.Amat heard
this, she was like one possessed; she took leave of her senses. In fury Ti.Amat cried out aloud.

To the roots her legs shook both together; she recites a charm, keeps casting her spell. While the
gods of battle sharpen their weapons; Ti.Amat and Marduk, the wisest of the gods, advanced to battle.
They strove in single combat, locked in battle. The lord spread out his net to enfold her, the Evil Wind,
which followed behind; he let loose in her face. When Ti.Amat opened her mouth to devour him, he
drove in the Evil Wind that she closes not her lips. As the fierce winds charged her belly, her body was
distended and her mouth was wide open. He released the Thunderbolt, it tore her belly. It cut through her
insides, splitting the heart. Having thus subdued her, he extinguished her life; he cast down her carcass to
stand upon it. After he had slain Ti.Amat the leader, her band was shattered, her troupe broken up. The
gods, her helpers who marched at her side, trembling with terror, turned their backs about in order to save
and preserve their lives.

Tightly encircled, they could not escape; he made them captives and he smashed their weapons.
Thrown into the net, they found themselves ensnared; placed in cells, they were filled with wailing;
bearing his wrath, they were held imprisoned. And the eleven creatures which she had charged with awe,
the whole band of demons that marched on her right, he cast into fetters, their hands he bound. For all
their resistance, he trampled them underfoot, and Kingu, who had been made chief among them, he bound
and accounted him to Uggae (a dead god). He took from him the Tablet of Destinies, not rightfully his,
sealed them with his seal and fastened them on his breast. When he had vanquished and subdued his
adversaries, had wholly established Anshar's triumph over the foe, had achieved Nudimmud's desire,
valiant Marduk strengthened his hold on the vanquished gods. He turned back to Ti.Amat whom he had
bound; the lord trod on the legs of Ti.Amat, with his unsparing mace he crushed her skull.

When the arteries of her blood he had severed, the North Wind bore it to places undisclosed. On
seeing this, his fathers were joyful and jubilant; they brought gifts of homage to him. Then the lord
paused to view her dead body, to divide the monster and do artful works. He split her like a shellfish into
two parts. Half of her he set in place and formed it as a Hammered Bracelet; a Firmament to divide the
waters above from the waters below he created. Pulled down the bar and posted guards. He bade them to
allow not her waters to escape. He crossed the Heavens and surveyed the regions. He squared Apsu's
quarter; the abode of Nudimmud, the lord measured the dimensions of the Apsû. The Great Abode, its
likeness, he fixed as E.Sharra, the Great Abode. E.Sharra which he made as the firmament, Anu, Enlil,
and Ea he made occupy their places. He constructed stations for the great gods, fixing their astral
likenesses as their Images. He determined the year by designating the zones; he set up three constellations
for each of the twelve months. After defining the days of the year by means of Heavenly figures, he
founded the station of Nibiru to determine their Heavenly bands, that none might transgress or fall short.
Beside it he set up the stations of Enlil and Ea. Below I have hardened the ground for a building site, I
will build a house it will be my luxurious abode. I will found therein its temple, I will appoint its inner
rooms, you will spend the night in it; it is there to receive all of you. When you descend from Heaven for
assembly, you will spend the night in it; it is there to receive all of you. Its name shall be "Bab.Ili" The
gateway of the gods". I shall build it with the skill of craftsmen."

Tablet VI: Mankind from the blood of Kingu

When Marduk heard the words of the gods,
His heart prompts him to fashion artful works.
Opening his mouth, he addresses Ea
To impart the plan he had conceived in his heart:
"Blood I will mass and cause bones to be.
I will establish a savage; `man' shall be his name;
Truly, savage-man I will create.
He shall be charged with the service of the gods
That they might be at ease! The ways of the gods I will artfully alter.
Though alike revered, into two groups they shall be divided."
Ea answered him, speaking a word to him,
Giving him another plan for the relief of the gods:
"Let but one of their brothers be handed over;
He alone shall perish that mankind may be fashioned.
Let the great gods be here in Assembly,
Let the guilty be handed over that they may endure.
"Marduk summoned the great gods to the Assembly;
Presiding graciously, he issues instructions.
To his utterance the gods pay heed.

The King addresses a word to the Anunnaki:

"If your former statement was true,
Now declare the truth on oath by me!
Who was it that contrived the uprising,
And made Ti.Amat rebel, and joined battle?
Let him be handed over who contrived the uprising.
His guilt I will make him bear. You shall dwell in peace!"
The Igigi, the great gods, replied to him.
To Lugal.dim.mer.anki, counsellor of the gods, their lord:
"It was Kingu who contrived the uprising and made
Ti.Amat rebel, and joined battle."
They bound him, holding him before Ea.
They imposed on him his guilt and severed his blood vessels.
Out of his blood they fashioned mankind.
He imposed the service and let free the gods. After Ea the wise, had
Created mankind, had imposed upon mankind the service of the gods;
That work was beyond comprehension. Asharu, who, as is his name,
Guide the gods of destiny. All of the people are truly in his charge.
NIBIRU shall hold the crossings of Heaven and Earth,
 So that the gods cannot cross above and below; they must wait upon him.
Nibiru is the star which in the skies is brilliant.
Truly he holds the central position; they shall bow down to him, saying: "He who the midst of the Sea
restlessly crosses: Let "Crossing" be his name, which controls its midst. May they uphold the course of the
stars of Heaven!
May he shepherd all the gods like sheep.
May he vanquish Ti.Amat; may her life be strait and short!
In the future of mankind, when days have grown old,
May she recede without cease and stay away forever.
Because he created the spaces and fashioned the firm ground,
Father En.lil called his name; LORD OF THE LANDS.

When all the names which the Igigi proclaimed, Ea had heard, his spirit rejoiced. Thus: "He whose
names his fathers have glorified, he is indeed even as I am, his name shall be Ea. All my combined rites
he shall administer; all my instructions he shall carry out!" With the title "Fifty" the great gods
proclaimed him whose names are fifty and made his way supreme.

This act of conferring onto Marduk the rank of fifty is of special significance. It's a well known
fact the gods of ancient Sumer were also known by their numerical ranks. In Sumeria the rank and
symbols of the seven most prominent deities were as follow:

Anu: Symbol: Sacred shine surmounted by the divine horned cap. Sacred number: 60. Astrological
region: Heavenly equator, Sacred animal: The Heavenly Bull.
Enlil: Symbol: Seven small circles representing the Pleiades. Sacred number: 50 Astrological region:
North of "the way of Anu" 12° north of the equator
Ea (Enki, Nudimmud): Symbol: Ram's head or goat-fish.
Ishtar (Ishtar (Ishhara, Irnini, Inanna) Sacred number: 40. Astrological region: 12° south in the sky
(includes Pisces and Aquarius.
Shamash (Babar, Utu): Symbol: Solar disk with a four point star inside with rays coming from between
the points, or a winged disk. Sacred Number: 20.
Adad (Ishkur, Rimmon, Teshub, Ba'al): Sacred number: 6. Sacred animal: Bull
Sin (Suen): Sacred number: 30 Sacred symbol: Moon disc

Marduk had no previous ranking among the high gods of Sumeria, and thus only attained his
numerical ranking after he became the ruling god of the Babylonian Pantheon. According to some
authors, the number fifty that was given to Marduk emphasized his authority as the King of the gods in
place of Enlil whose rank of fifty he assumed upon ascension to the throne of Babylon. In one aspect this
is indeed true; however, the true meaning of the rank of fifty and its position in the celestial vault has a
much greater meaning to the ancients. The planet of Enlil and Ninurta is said to be the planet Saturn,
however, in Sumerian text Enlil is referred to as "the great mountain" and "lord of the firmament". Saturn,
as we all know does not hold a central place on the equator; but it does feature in many ancient text as
ruling the cosmos during what is commonly known as "the golden age".
What then is the meaning of the rank of fifty, and what does it have to do with the gods of
Mesopotamia? We will discover a mystery shortly. What can we in our modern world make of such an
epic story that was central to the people of the first region of Earth? These people not only believed this
epic battle occurred somewhere in the Heavens, but they enacted this drama every year in spring for the
New Year Akitu festival. In the third millennium BCE, the Sumerian population of southern
Mesopotamia celebrated the á-ki-ti-še-gur, "the festival of the sowing of barley". It was celebrated in the
first month of the year that falls on the 21st March. In the Babylonian calendar, this month was known as
Nisannu; in the modern Jewish calendar it is still called Nisan. The ancient Babylonians called it rêš
šattim, "beginning of the year". To them it was not only a historical fact as told by the priest, but it
formed a central part of their religious believe. As a result of the slaying of Ti.Amat and the
imprisonment of the gods, her host of eleven planetary gods, mankind was later created from the bones
and blood of the slain god Kingu according to their mythology. In other versions as we shall see, it was
blood from the "head" of a slain god that was necessary for the creation of mankind.

Kingu it was who created the strife,

They bound him and held him before Ea;
Punishment they inflicted upon him by (cutting the arteries of) his blood.
With his blood they created mankind;
Ea imposed the services of the gods upon man and set the gods free.
After Ea, the wise, had created mankind,
And they had imposed the services of the gods upon them;
That work was not suited to human understanding.

We will explore the full implications of this "blood from the head of a god" motif in due course;
the revelations will truly enlighten your mind to a hidden mystery. Although this text was later re-written
to glorify the Babylonian god Marduk during the New Year festival, it holds a great depth of information
as to who the planetary gods were. The history books of ancient Sumer and Babylon, provides a rich
source of information concerning the legends and deeds of their gods. The majority of gods mentioned in
the Enûma Elish, can be found in many text throughout Sumer and Babylon. The opening chapter deals
with the creation of the gods, i.e. the planets in the midst of the celestial ocean of Heaven. Ti.Amat and
her spouse Ap.Su are the begetters of the first family of planetary gods, ages pass and more planets are
borne to these two gods until finally all the gods of the Sumerian pantheon are born.
But all is not well in this troubled sea. In many creation legends, the great celestial ocean is referred
to as "chaos" and depicts a monstrous serpent churning the waters. You will find this same idea in the
Revelation of John chapter 13:1, where a great Red Dragon rose from the chaotic sea. A brief history of
the gods of the epic is needed to shed light on just who these planetary gods were. The entire text of the
Enûma Elish has been so badly misquoted in my opinion, that a total review of the epic and its meaning is
long overdue. The Misinterpretation of the epic has led to the myth of the mysterious Planet X and a
generation of believers reverently awaiting its haloed return. We shall have plenty to say about this in due
course when we review the truths and myths surrounding this so-called missing planet.

The Planetary Gods of Sumer

Ap.Su: The Apsû (also known as abzu or En.gur) was the name for the mythological underground
freshwater ocean in Sumerian and Akkadian mythology. Lakes, springs, rivers, wells, and other sources
of fresh water were thought to draw their water from the Apsû. The Sumerian god En.Ki (Ea in the
Akkadian language) was believed to have lived in the Apsû since before human beings were created. His
wife Dam.Kina, his mother Nammu, his advisor Isimud and a variety of subservient creatures, such as the
gatekeeper Lahmu, also lived in the Apsû. In the city Eridu, Enki's temple was known as E-abzu ("the
abzu temple") and was located at the edge of a swamp, an Apsû. Certain tanks of holy water in
Babylonian and Assyrian temple courtyards were also called Apsû or abzu. Typical in religious washing,
these tanks may be regarded as precursors to the washing pools of Islamic mosques, or the baptismal font
in Christian churches. Solomon had a great basin mounted on bulls in the court yard of the temple in
Jerusalem.

This definition of the name Apsu or Abzu is accurate to a point in that it deals with the terrestrial
elements of the name. The key factor that has been ignored by scholars is that in the Enuma Elish, the
first war took place between Enki and the Abzu, In Heaven, and therefore all references to the Abzu must
first be of a celestial nature. It was in Heaven that the supposed war took place, and it was in Heaven that
Tiamat and her consort ruled. The question one must therefore ask is, what is the meaning of the word
Abzu in its true celestial definition? The answer is made clear in historical text, where we read that it
relates to water. More specifically it relates to the waters beneath the ecliptic where the sun journeys
through the skies. This area has been known in mystery schools as the waters of the underworld, among
the many water related creatures found here are the goat-fish of Capricorn, the Scorpion, Cetus, Hydra,
and others.
This is also the region where Enki, the god of magic and wisdom, has his domain. In the myths of
Osiris and Orion, we learn that Osiris was bitten and died from the sting of a Scorpion according to
Egyptian myths. This legend seems like another fairytale unless you fully understand the true mystery
behind the myth. The constellation of Orion was known as the dwelling place of Osiris to the Egyptians,
this constellation is referred to as the great hunter in many texts. Seen with his bow and arrows and
holding the central position on the equator, this constellation crosses the celestial equator in the months of
October/November as it descends into the underworld for its annual hunting season. This region is home
to the waters of the underworld, where, according to Greek legend he was shot by Artemis and died in the
underworld. It is also home to the Scorpion constellation and the region of Enki.
The Enuma Elish assures us that after the capture of the Abzu, Enki proceeded to build his house
over the Abzu. What this means is that he effectively became the dweller in the waters of the Abzu in the
Heavens. What this means therefore, is that the true Abzu is meant to be understood to be a constellation.
The constellation traditionally given to Enki is Capricorn, but this constellation is not so much related to
water, as it is to the fabled "horn of plenty" as relating to agriculture and wealth. Scorpio is known for its
water connections, and has been called the waters of the underworld in many texts. This is exactly what
the name Abzu means in its celestial definition, from whence we have the notion that it defines
underground springs, wells and such. The conclusion then is this, the original Abzu was meant to refer to
the constellation of Scorpio, the dwelling place of Enki, lord of magic, wisdom and craft.
It was to this region that Orion and Osiris descended in Egyptian and Greek legends. In Babylonian
and Sumerian mythology, Ti.Amat is also referred to as "the sea, a goddess, or a monstrous embodiment
of primordial chaos". After giving birth to the first generation of gods; she later made war upon them and
is split in two by the storm-god Marduk. He then used her body to form the Heavens and the Earth. She
was commonly known as Thalattē (the Greek word for "sea"). This is the general description of Tiamat
that you will find in almost all text relating to her role in the Enuma Elish. While there are hundreds of
definitions of this so called sea monster, one is still left baffled as to the real meaning of the name and its
meaning.
Many authors will be quick to convince you that the name relates to the great salt oceans of earth,
but what these deluded authors seem to forget it the fact that the suppose dwelling place of Tiamat is In
Heaven and not on earth. Therefore one is expected to find a great salt water ocean somewhere in the
Heavens, wherein dwells a great sea monster no doubt. This, of course is not the place to find Tiamat and
her great host. The fundamental key to understanding these kinds of legends is to define the place of
origin. Since the epic is centred on events that supposedly occurred in Heaven, then surely all the
creatures and "gods" must be of a celestial nature. We will cover the story of Tiamat in another chapter
were we will reveal a mystery concerning the myth of Tiamat.

Two of the main characters in the Sumerian creation story are known as Mu.Mu and Lahmu.
According to common interpretation, Mu.Mu is defined as the Vizier of the primeval gods Apsû and
Ti.Amat. He is also known as the Sumero-Babylonian god of craft and technical skill. In ancient
Sumerian, the word Mu.Mu translates to "the one who is enlightened" Deity ruler of "The Ancients." He
was the Mesopotamian purveyor of technical knowledge, mathematics and abstract concepts, a god of
divine wisdom. In popular writing, Mu.Mu is mentioned as 'The Spirit of Pure Chaos'. Lahmu, also
Romanized as Lakhmu, is a deity known from Akkadian mythology; he was the first-born son of Apsû
and Ti.Amat. He and his sister Lahamu were the parents of Anshar and Kishar, the Sky father and earth
mother, who begat the first gods.
Lahmu was sometimes depicted as a serpent, and sometimes as a bearded man with a red sash and
six curls on his head. In Sumerian literature the name Lahmu meant "the muddy one" and it was a title
given to the gatekeeper of the Abzu temple of En.Ki at Eridu. In the latter form, he is called "Lahmu the
Hairy". He and Lahamu are never mentioned separately.
Here indeed is a mystery, for many authors have repeatedly stated that both Lahmu and Lahamu are
to be recognised as the planets Mars and Venus. The word comet derives from the Latin word cometes,
which is the Latin translation of the Greek κομήτης (komētēs), meaning "comet", but literally "long-
haired", from the word κόμη (komē), which means "hair of the head". The Greek scientist and
philosopher Aristotle first used the derived form of κόμη, κομήτης, to describe what he saw as "stars with
hair."
The astronomical symbol for comets is (☄), consisting of a small disc with three hair like
extensions. This is of great interest as we see here the name Lahmu defined as "the hairy"; this is by
means no vain interpretation of the name. This definition of Lahmu at once identifies her as a comet and
not a planet, as described in the Greek and Latin definition. Therefore what the text of the Enuma Elish is
describing is in fact the birth of a great comet from the Abzu and Tiamat. Lahamu was the first-born
daughter of Ti.Amat and Ap.Su in Akkadian mythology. With her brother Lahmu she is the mother of
Anshar and Kishar, who were in turn parents of the first gods. Like her brother, Lahamu is sometimes
seen as a serpent, and sometimes as a woman with a red sash and six curls on her head. This imagery is
very interesting when we see almost the same depiction of Astarte, the Mother Goddess of Syria with six
small fishes in her raised hands in many drawings.
She also was clothed with a red garment to show her as the birth goddess, blood is known is the
universal symbol of life. Like her companion Lahmu, Lahamu is also defined as having curly hair on her
head, and also defined as a serpent in the above text. Again, we see the clear definition of a comet which
is known throughout antiquity to be likened to serpents in the sky. Today the debate concerning life on
earth is firmly centred on comets as the origin of earthly life. The red sash of the female embodiment of
the comet confirms this argument, for, in the eyes of the ancients it would be the "blood of the goddess"
that gave life to mankind. One of the most famous drawings of the birth of Venus is one painted by the
Italian artist Sandro Botticelli. In this painting she is shown arriving on the shores of Crete standing on a
large open sea shell, she is shown completely naked except for her long flaming red hair that covers her
private parts.
This portrait was meant to show the birth of the goddess Venus from the castrated member of
Cronus according to Greek legends. In another chapter you will discover that Venus was also known as a
comet with long hair. Therefore the names Lahamu and Lahmu are meant to be understood to mean, two
long haired comets that were the first born children of Tiamat, the Sea Serpent, and Abzu, the great
waters below the horizon. In Akkadian mythology, Anshar, which means "sky pivot" or "sky axle", is the
sky god associated with the planet Saturn. He is the husband of his sister Kishar, known in Sumer as the
planet Jupiter. He is the offspring of the first two primordial deities Lahamu and Lahmu as mentioned
above. He was the parent of Anu another sky god. During the reign of Sargon II Assyrians started to
identify Anshar with their national god Assur in order to have him featured in their version of the Enûma
Elish. In this mythology Anshar's spouse was Ninlil.
The name of this Sumerian deity is of interest as he is here identified with Polaris as the then pole
star. As god of the celestial vault his position among the stars gave him precedence over gods and man
during the era of his reign. We have covered this deity in another chapter where he is identified with the
six astral goat men of Babylonian myth. These been a reference to some of the stars of the Big Dipper
better known as the plough or the wagon on star charts. Together with the seven stars of the Bear, Anshar
became the supreme ruler of the Heavens in ancient Assyria. These seven stars of the Bear are mentioned
in text as the seven who governs, and are associated with the seven wise men of Mesopotamian legend.
The identity of this third generation deity as Polaris, the star born of the two comets Lahamu and Lahmu,
clearly eliminates any notions of Tiamat been a real sea monster living in a salt water ocean.
From the foregoing information concerning the children of Tiamat, there can no longer be any
doubt as to what this so called sea monster was meant to represent. In the Akkadian epic Enûma Elish,
Kishar is the daughter of Lahmu and Lahamu, the first children of Ti.Amat and Apsû. She is the female
principle, sister and wife of Anshar, the male principle, and the mother of Anu. Kishar represents the
planet Jupiter as the spouse of Anshar who is identified as the planet Saturn. The Sumerian chief god An,
also known as Anu* (sky, Heaven) was a sky-god, the god of Heaven, lord of the constellations, and King
of the gods. His dwelling place was in the highest Heavenly regions. His attribute was the royal tiara,
most times decorated with two pairs of bull horns. He had several consorts, the foremost been the goddess
Ki (Earth), Nammu, and Uras.
By Ki he was the father of, among others, the Anunnaki gods. By Nammu (the great celestial
mother) he was the father of, among others, En.Ki, En.lil and Ningikuga. By Uras he was the father of
Nin.Girsu (Ninurta). According to legends, Heaven and earth were once inseparable until Anu and Ki
bore En.lil, god of mid Heaven, who separated Heaven and Earth. Ki later developed into the Akkadian
Goddess Antu, the consort of the sky god Anu. He was one of the oldest gods in the Sumerian pantheon,
and part of a triad including En.lil, god of the firmament, and En.ki, god of the subterranean waters. By
virtue of being the highest deity in a triad that includes Bel (Enlil) and Ea, Anu came to be regarded as the
father and King of the gods. He is associated with the E.Anna temple in the city of Uruk (Biblical Erech)
in southern Babylonia where the Goddess Inanna (or Ishtar) of Uruk is said to have been his consort.
The idea that earth mated with the Sky father Anu, thus producing a giant race of immortals
known as the Anunnaki gods, is of great interest indeed. In the above text we read that Anu was also the
consort of the primordial deity known as Nammu, this goddess is the counterpart of Tiamat in that she is
the mother of gods and men in ancient text. The true identity of Anu has remained a mystery to many
scholars, however, it is said in ancient text that he was the "bull of Heaven" and the god of the central
sky. In the text above he is said to be the lord of the constellations, and wears the horns of a bull. This
would seem to make him the god of the constellation of Taurus, but this is not so at all as this
constellation does not occupy a central position on the equator or the ecliptic.
This position belongs to the constellation of Orion situated above the bull of Taurus, and Orion, as
you shall see, has strong connections to a legend concerning a bull's hide, water, and the gods of Mercury,
Jupiter, and Neptune. We have already identified Anu as the god of the Moon. The emblem of his
kingship and his position as related to the structure of the ziggurats makes it clear that he became the first
of the celestial to rule over mankind. The hero that slayed the dragon Ti.Amat, became the central or
highest star of the Sumerian pantheon, located near the stations of En.lil and Anu. This effectively rules
out any comet or asteroid theory, and also the fabled Planet X with a supposedly perfect orbit of 3600
years. There are two very important keys to be considered here concerning this celestial battle. First we
have the gathering, and then the aftermath. In the epic, we are told that all the gods followed in Marduk's
train to a central location to fight Ti.Amat.
Secondly we are told that her place was in the great sea, but then we learn from text that her very
name means "sea" or "ocean" and that she was the very personification of a chaotic sea. Now, this might
not mean much to you unless you are a student of astrology or astronomy, but it does help to unravel the
myth of Tiamat. Within the constellations there is indeed a portion of the skies which has been known
throughout antiquity as "the great sea", and you will find this in the book of Revelation where the great
beast of Chapter 13 rose out of a great chaotic sea. Interestingly, within this celestial sea, one may find
even today the great celestial "monster whale" known as Cetus. You will find this portion of sky close to
the constellation of Pisces. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia we read thus:

"The Sea" or the "Water" is an area of the sky in which many water-related, and few land-related,
constellations occur. Most of these constellations are named by Ptolemy: Aquarius the Water-bearer,
Capricornus the Sea-goat, Cetus the Whale, Delphinus the Dolphin, Eridanus the Great River, Hydra the
Water serpent, Pisces the Fishes, and (Piscis Austrinus, the Southern Fish, not named by Ptolemy).
Sometimes included are the Argo Ship and Crater the Water Cup.

Looking at the celestial map then, if one should place this area from the constellation of Capricorn
which is known as the waters of the underworld, and the gateway through which the gods descend and
ascend to the Heavens and the Earth; and continue through the constellations of Aquarius, and Pisces,
then indeed these three southern signs which are all water related would comprise of the great sea of
Ti.Amat and the beast of Revelation. The inclusion of Argo the ship of Jason is of interest here as he was
said to have set sail with fifty sailors for Colchis to recover the Golden Fleece, you will no doubt recall
too that Marduk was blessed with fifty names. I suggest therefore that the "sailors" and "names" of
Marduk and Jason are nothing more than stars in this portion of the sky where the battle seems to have
taken place.
If this is indeed true, and the epic is concerned with a celestial event occurring in this part of the
skies in ancient times, then following the aftermath of the battle according the Enûma Elish, the "star of
Marduk" known as "Nibiru" and "the true shepherd of Anu" should be found here eternally crossing the
place of the ancient battle in the great celestial sea. What then is the "star of Marduk"? Because he was
subsequently named as the King of the gods in many cultures, he was naturally given the largest planet in
our solar system as his Heavenly image. Yet Jupiter cannot be the star spoken of here, since it's not
orbiting within our inner planets of Earth, Mars, Venus, Mercury, and the Moon. The orbit of Jupiter
marks the beginning of the so called outer planets, and it cannot be said that this planet is a "star" within
the location of the ancient battle.
We learn from historical text that Marduk, who absorbed the characteristics of En.lil, and hence that
of Nergal and Ninurta, became the "Lord of the firmament" in place of En.lil. Ancient text from
Babylonia have assigned the planet Saturn to En.lil the chief god of Nippur; he was revered as the "Great
Mountain" and leader of the gods, and one whose words were unchangeable. He was the god of storms
and pestilence, of crops, irrigation, laws, science and culture. As the earth dwelling son of Anu the chief
sky god, his word was law and his temple was the most honoured in Nippur, also called Nibru in some
ancient text. His sacred city Nippur became the terrestrial counterpart of Nibiru, the star of crossing. It is
not too difficult to understand why he was assigned the planet of Saturn, for we find in the legends of
Greece that after the overthrow and castration of Uranus, it was Cronos as Saturn that became King of the
celestials in the Greek pantheon.
Long before Jupiter, and later Mars, was considered King of the gods it was Cronos-Saturn who
held this honoured epithet. This is made clear in the mythology of Rome where of Mars, appearing as a
she-wolf, is accredited with the founding of Rome by the twins Romulus and Remus. We will meet the
legends of Mars the wolf in the Norse legend of Beowulf and the end of the ages. The star which is here
called Marduk therefore became the central figure and the leader of the celestial gods of Babylonia. The
effects caused by the celestial battle is said to have caused chaotic weather as described in the epic. Such
a historical catastrophe is indeed well known to have occurred sometime around the 3 rd century B.C
which brought to a close the Bronze Age. This historical fact you may find in many writings from India to
Greece, where we find this same conflict among the gods.
Some ancient epics such as the Vedas, the Mahabharata, and the Popol Vu, as you shall see, speaks
of the awefull "rain of blood" that descended over India, North America, Europe and other parts of the
ancient world. We shall discus these legends later where we will meet the learned Dr. Emmanuel
Velikovsky. He has a story to tell concerning Mars and its close encounter with earth sometime around
the 7th century B.C, the very era in which Mars "the wolf" founded the city of ancient Rome. Now, the
legend of the foundation of the City of God is of such importance that we dare not overlook its
significance. As you shall see when we come to the story of the great hero Aeneas and his flight from the
burning city of Troy, it was from this ancient land that he set sail with the Palladium, the Heavenly image
of his mother Aphrodite, bound for the distant shores of Carthage and Rome where he established the
worship of Mars and Venus.
 The vast number of stories from the Bronze Age c3500 B.C and the 7th century B.C we now have
concerning "Mars the Raging One", together with ancient texts dealing with its close encounter with
earth and the planet Venus cannot be over looked any longer and must be dealt with. In light of the great
epic of the Enûma Elish, it is quite obvious that a celestial body later called Marduk, did enter our solar
system perhaps as far back as the 3300-3100 B.C. Most of the Bronze Age civilisation suddenly collapsed
amid great catastrophes as can be seen from many ancient legends. There can be absolutely no other
reason for ancient man of that era to refer to Mars with such names as: "The wolf star", "The raging one",
"The sword", "The bringer of death" and such other names unless Mars was indeed a very different planet
to what we see today.
Yet, one is left perplexed as to the real identity of celestial body to which these epithets truly
belong. In the next chapter were we explore the mysteries of Sirius and Orion, you will indeed discover
that the very same epithets given to Mars are also given to the Star Sirius and the constellation of Orion.
One of the most mysterious legends concerning Mars is that of the Apple and the Boar. The simple act of
placing an apple in the mouth of a roasted swine is no mere act of decoration. The Boar is sacred to both
Aphrodite and also to Ares, the god of Mars, as you shall see. We will hear from both ancient and modern
writers of the awefull stories of dread surrounding the planets Mars and Venus next.

The Comet Venus

In the epic of the Enûma Elish, we read of the chaotic weather conditions which resulted from the
turmoil of the battle in the Heavens. Science has since taught us that indeed if such a large body as Mars
was to approach close to earths' orbit, the result would be just as we have read in this epic. It will surely
disturb our magnetic field which will no doubt result in severe weather patterns throughout the world.
Today Mars is just another planet in our night sky, yet modern man is still fascinated by Mars, and NASA
is even now planning trips to the red planet. The current position and state of this planet seems at odds
with ancient text dealing with its fearsome nature. To the ancients, Mars was a planet which spelt doom to
the world and this can be seen in the Norse legend of Ragnarok and that of Beowulf. Many of the simple
childlike "fairytales" we know today, are not that innocent and are not the product of some delusional
mind.
Dr. Emmanuel Velikovsky proposed in his book "Worlds in Collision", that sometime around the
th
7 century B.C, Mars came extremely close to earth causing havoc in ancient lands; this, according to
many legends had also taken place before. Throughout history Mars and Venus were always closely
associated and have shared the same attributes in many legends and art. Hence from the days of Sumer to
the age of ancient Greece, Ishtar could be seen standing on back of a lion. This same beast was also
associated with Nergal the Babylonian god of fire. Clad in full battle armour as a warrior instead of a
goddess of love, she can be seen in many drawings from Mesopotamia standing on a lion with her war
arsenal.
As you shall see in the coming section, this tendency to associate both planets with the same
attributes has led many to speculate that during the Bronze Age, Venus appeared in the Heavens as a
"raging fiery bull" complete with horns and a massive tail of red dust and petroleum which ignited the air.
Indeed planetary bodies associated with gods can be indentified in many ways, thereby bringing
confusion to many who will naturally interpret this in their own way. This scenario can be found in the
Bible where the psalmist seems to be praising God for his intervention. This however, is no ordinary
appearance of a god on a fluffy white cloud in some child's fantasy. Listen to what the Psalmist has to say
when describing the descent of the God Yahweh.
 Psalm.18

7: Then the earth shook and trembled; the foundations also of the mountains moved and were shaken,
because he was worth.
8: There went up a smoke out of his nostrils, and fire out of his mouth devoured: coals were kindled by it.
9: He bowed the Heavens also, and came down: and darkness was under his feet.
10: And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: yea, he did fly upon the wings of the wind.
11: He made darkness his secret place; his pavilion round about him was dark waters and thick clouds of
the skies.
12: At the brightness that was before him his thick clouds passed, hail stones and coals of fire.
13: The LORD also thundered in the Heavens, and the Highest gave his voice; hail stones and coals of
fire.
14: Yea, he sent out his arrows, and scattered them; and he shot out lightning, and discomfited them.
15: Then the channels of waters were seen, and the foundations of the world were discovered at thy
rebuke, O LORD, at the blast of the breath of thy nostrils.

Does this sound like the descent from Heaven of a real god? I think you will readily agree with me
that this is a graphic description of the appearance in Heaven of a truly fearsome celestial body. This text
speaks of the divine intervention by God as visualized by the Psalmist. From this, it is not too difficult to
see how the celestial body that invaded our solar system could later become the planet Mars which was
transformed into the god Marduk. You will also meet a comet called Quetzalcoatl when we visit the
legends of the Aztecs and the Incas. He too descended from Heaven to be transformed into a "white
bearded man" who performed great works among them. He could also level mountains and consume
forest with fire and burn great rocks with extreme heat. The entire theme of the Enûma Elish is based
upon an event concerning a celestial body that was later transformed into the planet Mars.
This event and the celestial bodies involved would later become Tiamat the serpent dragon, and a
star known as Nibiru, "the loyal shepherd of Anu" and the "star of crossing".
Mars is well known to be the King of the gods in many cultures; it is the ruler of the celestial
underworld known as the constellation of Scorpio. We also know that it was the planet of Nergal, the
fearsome scorcher and god of fire, pestilence and the underworld. As King of the gods, Mars became
"lord of the firmament" and holds the central position to this day between the inner and outer planets.
Beyond Mars lies the asteroid belt, a place where huge planetoid size comets and asteroids orbit our solar
system. This mass of near earth objects has caused many to speculate that there was indeed another planet
orbiting here in eons past. This has fed the Planet X theory that indeed the missing planet was Ti.Amat
which was destroyed by Marduk.
Yet, as we have seen throughout the epic, Ti.Amat is repeatedly called "the primordial sea of
chaos". This epithet is also given to the Sumerian Mother Goddess Nammu, and is no doubt the same as
found in the Egyptian Mother Goddess who gave birth to the primordial gods in their legends. Therefore,
the conflict between Marduk and Ti.Amat must have originated from some past celestial event as we see
recorded on later Kuduru stones. The Enuma Elish as well as ancient Hindu text, speaks of a chaotic
celestial sea that is churned relentlessly by a great serpent. From this ocean of chaos, according to both
legends, the planetary gods of Heaven were created and assume their destiny or orbits as we see them
today. It was here that the gods assembled to "fight the monster", and it was here that the "star of
Marduk" was destined to return as the "true shepherd of Anu" that rules over the gods of Heaven.
It was here in the original sea of creation, that the great star would cross the celestial sea on its
yearly journey, becoming "Nibiru" the star of crossing in the midst of Heaven. It is of great interest to
know that in the Mul. Apin catalogue showing the stars of the bands of Anu, En.lil and Ea, that the star
which bears the name "the loyal shepherd of Anu" is none other than the great star Sirius. The history
books are full of legends of this star and its faithful follower, the constellation Canis Major. Throughout
history, from the Far East to the continent of Africa man have worshiped and feared the mythical celestial
dragon in many forms. In some ancient cultures as we shall see in this book, the great dragon is
sometimes worshiped as a serpent. From the book of Revelation you can see that the Dragon and the
Serpent of myth are interchangeable.
What then has made generations of people from all parts of the old world worship and fear such a
lowly creature as the serpent as we see him today. Surely one cannot suppose that intelligent man who has
been praised as the greatest of God's Earthly creation, exalted above all creatures, and given dominion
over all things earthly; would bow down and worship a lowly creature that he could easily destroy with a
single blow. What then shall we make of the awful dread of the Dragon of ancient legend? His fearsome
return is spoken of in the Book of Revelation, a prophetic message that was given by the Angel of God as
a future warning to mankind. Who or what, is the Dragon? If you are a Christian you will no doubt have
answered, The Devil. Which in turn will make you wonder what has the Devil of the Bible, and the
Dragon of ancient lore have in common, what makes modern man think that the devil is a dragon.
The scriptures repeatedly call the devil a dragon or a serpent but this will not answer the age old
question as to why he is referred to as such. The answer to this question and more cannot be found within
the pages of scripture; as all ancient books including the Bible, are written in a coded language that
always seek to hide the real truth from profane eyes. A classic example is the book of Revelation. Many
people of all ages have sought to decode this ancient book of nearly two thousand years using the science
of today. They have all failed because of one thing; the Bible was written in an age of mythology and it
speaks of the things of that day to man living in a modern world. For many cultures after the collapse of
the Bronze Age, both Mars and Venus became the most feared planets in the Heavens. Many texts were
written celebrating their wars and love affair, their movements were the subject of virtually all ancient
men of science from China to Egypt.
The Mayans and the Aztecs have both left detailed tables charting the movements of these two
planets. The shear number of text available for quotation on this subject is unimaginable and i will only
quote the most relevant text for the purpose of demonstration. Nergal, as we have seen was named for the
planet Mars for his dark attributes as the son of En.lil, and from him alone there are many texts that will
show just why Mars was a planet to be feared in ancient times. From the many legends concerning Mars
and its history of destruction, one may easily conclude that indeed Mars could well have been the heroic
star of the Enuma Elish. The fact that Mars has all the attributes of the hero of the Enûma Elish, this entire
celestial battle could well relate to Mars "the raging one" orbiting erratically in our solar system in the
time of Bronze Age man.
It is almost impossible in some instances, to separate the myths and legends of Venus and Mars as
they are so closely entwined that ancient writers sometimes confuse their separate deeds and instead
attribute such acts to either one. This clearly is evident in the many references to war and destruction
attributed to Ishtar, Pallas Athene, and other so-called goddesses of love and agriculture. Both Athene and
Ishtar shared the same martial qualities as their lover Ares or Mars. In the below quotation you will see
the destructive qualities of Venus as the tale of her fiery birth and chaotic orbit is told by some well
known authors. The background of this legend of Venus as a comet, is the Greek legend of the goddess
been born from the head of Zeus her celestial father. Now, according to this theory, it was announced by
Dr. Velikovsky and some other ancient authors that prior to the so-called "birth of Venus" in the 2nd
century B.C, that this planet was unknown by ancient people.
Needless to say, the good doctor was wrong in his assumption, for we have pictorial evidence
from Mesopotamian art showing a star globe in which Venus is clearly visible. Also we have many
ancient drawings from Sumer showing the armour bearing goddess standing on her lion symbol. Seeing
that this goddess was always associated with Venus, we have good reason to believe that she was indeed a
member of the pantheon long ages before her so-called birth in Greek mythology. In the quotations
below, you we will see the legacy of the planet as it is here named as a comet which brought death and
destruction to the ancients. It is also named as the cause of the plagues of the Exodus and the collapse of
the middle Kingdom of Egypt. Let us read what the authors have to say concerning Venus who
supposedly was once a comet.

The Battle in the Sky

Dr Emmanuel Velikovsky, writing the "Worlds in Collision Chapter Three" has given a rather
graphic account of his theory on a comet that came within earth's magnetic field in recent history. While
it is uncertain when this event supposedly occurred, his description of the effects of the encounter are
worth reading. Below is an extract from his book:

"When the earth passed through the gases, dust, and meteorites of the tail of the comet, disturbed in
rotation, it proceeded on a distorted orbit. Emerging from the darkness, the Eastern Hemisphere faced the
head of the comet. This head only shortly before had passed close to the sun and was in a state of
candescence. The night the great earthquake shook the globe was, according to rabbinical literature, as
bright as the day of the summer solstice. Because of the proximity of the earth, the comet left its own
orbit and for a while followed the orbit of the earth. The great ball of the comet retreated, then again
approached the earth, shrouded in a dark column of gases which looked like a pillar of smoke during the
day and of fire at night, and the earth once more passed through the atmosphere of the comet, this time at
its neck. This stage was accompanied by violent and incessant electrical discharges between the
atmosphere of the tail and the terrestrial atmosphere. There was an interval of about six days between
these two close approaches. Emerging from the gases of the comet, the earth seems to have changed the
direction of its rotation, and the pillar of smoke moved to the opposite horizon. The column looked like a
gigantic moving serpent.

When the tidal waves rose to their highest point, and the seas were torn apart, a tremendous spark
flew between the earth and the globe of the comet, which instantly pushed down the miles-high billows.
Meanwhile, the tail of the comet and its head, having become entangled with each other by their close
contact with the earth, exchanged violent discharges of electricity. It looked like a battle between the
brilliant globe and the dark column of smoke. In the exchange of electrical potentials, the tail and the
head were attracted one to the other and repelled one from the other. From the serpent-like tail extensions
grew, and it lost the form of a column. It looked now like a furious animal with legs and with many
heads. The discharges tore the column to pieces, a process that was accompanied by a rain of meteorites
upon the earth. It appeared as though the monstrous tail was defeated by the brilliant globe and buried in
the sea, or wherever the meteorites fell. The gases of the tail subsequently enveloped the earth. The globe
of the comet, which lost a large portion of its atmosphere as well as much of its electrical potential,
withdrew from the earth but did not break away from its attraction. Apparently, after a six week interval,
the distance between the earth and the globe of the comet again diminished.

This new approach of the globe could not be readily observed because the earth was shrouded in the
clouds of dust left by the comet on its former approach, as well as by dust ejected by the volcanoes. After
renewed discharges, the comet and the earth parted. This behaviour of the comet is of great importance in
problems of celestial mechanics. That a comet, encountering a planet, can become entangled and drawn
away from its own path, forced into a new course, and finally liberated from the influence of the planet is
proved by the case of Lexell's comet, which in 1767 was captured by Jupiter and its moons. Not until
1779 did it free itself from this entanglement. A phenomenon that has not been observed in modern times
is an electrical discharge between a planet and a comet and also between the head of a comet and its
trailing part. The events in the sky were viewed by the people of the world as a fight between an evil
monster in the form of a serpent and the light-god who engaged the monster in battle and thus saved the
world. The tail of the comet, leaping back and forth under the discharges of the flaming globe, was
regarded as a separate body, inimical to the globe of the comet".
The description of the battle of Marduk, Isis, Vishnu, Krishna, and Ormuzd with the celestial
serpent directly relates to the battle of Zeus and Typhon. The Greek writer Apollodorus has left us a
description of this battle.

"Typhon out-topped all the mountains, and his head often brushed the stars. One of his hands
reached out to the west and the other to the east and from them projected a hundred dragon heads. From
the thighs downward he had huge coils of vipers which ... emitted a long hissing. ... His body was all
winged ... and fire flashed from his eyes. Such and so great was Typhon when, hurling kindled rocks, he
made for the very Heavens with hissing and shouts, spouting a great jet of fire from his mouth. To the sky
of Egypt Zeus pursued Typhon "rushing at Heaven". Zeus pelted Typhon at a distance with thunderbolts,
and at close quarters struck him down with an adamantine sickle, and as he fled pursued him closely as
far as Mount Casius, which overlooks Syria. There, seeing the monster sore wounded, he grappled with
him. But Typhon twined about him and gripped him in his coils. ..."

"Having recovered his strength Zeus suddenly from Heaven riding in a chariot of winged horses,
pelted Typhon with thunderbolts ... So been again pursued he (Typhon) came to Thrace and in fighting at
Mount Haemus he heaved whole mountains ... a stream of blood gushed out on the mountain, and they
say that from that circumstance the mountain was called Haemus (bloody). And when he started to flee
through the Sicilian sea, Zeus cast Mount Etna in Sicily upon him. That is a huge mountain, from which
down to this day they say that blasts of fire issue from the thunderbolts that were thrown."

The struggle left deep marks on the entire ancient world. Some districts were especially associated
with the events of this cosmic fight. The Egyptian shore of the Red Sea was called Typhonia. Strabo
narrates also the Arimi (Aramaeans or Syrians) were terrified witnesses of the battle of Zeus with
Typhon. And Typhon, "who, they add, was a dragon, when struck by the bolts of lightning, fled in search
of a descent underground," and not only did he cut furrows into the earth and form the beds of the rivers,
but descending underground, he made fountains break forth.

The Day the Sun Stood Still

Some text asserts that early Babylonian astronomy counted four major planets in our solar system,
these been named as, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, and Mercury. In the Hindu table of the planets attributed to
3012 B.C., Venus alone is missing, and it is said that the Brahmans "never mentioned five planets". Later
Venus is called "the great star that joins the other great stars" by the Babylonians. In ancient traditions the
Morning Star is described as having a special birth, an event of great significance to the Tahitians, the
Eskimos, the Buriats, the Kirghiz, and the Yakuts of Siberia as well as other ancient people. Hesiod said
that Phaeton, whose name means "blazing star", drove the chariot of the sun too close to the earth,
disturbing its rotation and was later changed into the Morning Star. The Chinese tell of a "brilliant Star"
that appeared in the region of Yahou, and a Samaritan chronicle says that during the invasion of Palestine
by Joshua "a star arose out of the east against which all magic is in vain." According to Aztec legend
Quetzalcoatl, the Venus of the Mayans, appeared in the sky for the first time during a great catastrophe.
The Chaldeans and the Chinese both stated that Venus "rivalled the sun in brightness."

Dr. Velikovsky brings strong evidence to bear that the comet which so terrorized the earth was in
fact the planet Venus - newly born, by eruption from a larger planet (Jupiter). While it was still a comet,
Venus wandered erratically, which is why its course was so closely watched. This is also why the Venus
Tablets of Nineveh do not seem to make sense, and why the appearance of a comet has always aroused
premonitions of disaster everywhere in the world. The dreaded comet Venus that was later to become a
planet had many names: Tistrya, Ishtar, Astarte, Isis, Baal, Beelzebub, and Lucifer. Often it was confused
with Jupiter (Isis in Egypt and Ishtar in Babylon were first names for Venus), for Jupiter was the planet
from which Venus erupted as a planet (according to Greek legends). Students of Greek and Roman
mythology may object that according to legend it was Pallas Athene, or Minerva, who "sprang full grown
from the brow of Jupiter." The classical scholar may wonder, however, why Greek mythology contains no
deity for the planet Venus and no planet for the deity Pallas Athene. The Greek equivalent of the Roman
"Venus" was Aphrodite. The answer, once known but long forgotten, is that Pallas Athene was the Greek
name for the planet Venus. Plutarch said that Minerva of the Romans and Athene of the Greeks were the
same as Isis of the Egyptians, while Pliny relates that Isis was the planet Venus. The birth of Pallas
Athene was noted as "a day of wrath" in the calendars of ancient Chaldea. During the birth of Athene, as
described in a Homeric hymn, the earth reeled and the sun stopped for a "long while".

For many centuries the inhabitants of the earth were in such fear of Venus that human sacrifice was
practiced in both hemispheres in the hope of placating its wrath. The Mexicans were so profoundly
affected by the fifty-two year interval between Venus’ two encounters with the earth that they adopted the
period in their calendar and made bloody sacrifices to Quetzalcoatl, the feathered serpent who was
identified with the Morning Star, when fifty-two years passed without harm. The years of terror during
which Venus was seen as a wild comet, is said to have lasted until the seventh century B.C. According to
Velikovsky, Venus, as the result of an encounter with another celestial body, "took up its present orbit
and changed from a wild comet the stable planet we see today". The association of Venus with Mars is a
common theme in mythology, where they are portrayed as either lovers or combatants in some text. Such
a battle between Athene and Ares the god of war is mentioned in the Iliad. It is described as a conflict in
the Heavens which took place at the same time as the siege of Troy, "It is the conjunction of Venus and
Mars," wrote Kucien, which created the poetry of Homer.

The encounter between Venus and Mars disturbed the orbit of Mars, and at intervals of fifteen years
Mars also passed close to the earth. On two days in particular - February 26th 747 B.C. and March 23rd
687 B.C. Mars caused a repetition of the earlier catastrophes on a smaller scale. In the year 747 B.C. a
new calendar was introduced in the Middle East. It began on the 26th of February, and in the calendar of
Mexico the 26th of February was also counted as New Year’s Day. It is during this period that the worship
of Mars came into prominence among people whose institutions were not fully formed. The Romans had
a vigorous cult of Mars and regarded Mars as their national god, the founder of their state, and father of
Romulus. The chief celebration of the Romans Mars cult was on the 23rd of March. On the night of the
23rd of March, 687 B.C., the army of Sennacherib, the Assyrian King who invaded Palestine, was
destroyed by a blast of fire from the sky. "On the 23rd of March, 687 B.C," wrote Edouard Biot in his
catalogue of the meteors which were observed in ancient China, the fixed stars were not visible but, "in
the middle of the night stars fell like rain". The battle between Venus and Mars ended with Venus shorn
of its power to disturb humankind, rotating on the serene orbit it now occupies. Venus seemed to have
fallen from its earlier eminence.

This was the period of the Hebrew Prophets, men of astronomical skill who from watchtowers built
in Judea, as elsewhere in the East, recorded and predicted Mars’ fifteen-year approach to the earth and
warned the people and their Kings of coming catastrophes. After an upheaval that took place in the eighth
century B.C., "Isaiah, Joel, Hosea, and Micah insisted unanimously and with great emphasis on the
inevitability of another encounter of the earth with some cosmic body". Their prophecies were fulfilled on
the days when Mars came close to the earth and moved it from its place. Finally they observed that a
hated enemy -Beelzebub, the Morning Star, who had provoked pagan worship - was no longer powerful.
Venus, which had "weakened the nations" and had tried to ascend on high, was cut down to the ground.
"How art thou fallen from Heaven", wrote Isaiah, “Oh Lucifer, son of the morning". Dr. Velikovsky
believed that some 3,500 (c2753 B.C) years ago, and again 700 years later (747 B.C), the earth was
affected by the appearance in the sky of a giant comet which eventually became the planet Venus. The
close proximity to the earth of this comet caused, at its first appearance, certain phenomena and, at its
second and closer appearance, the effect of prolonged day and night in different parts of the world. Dr.
Velikovsky, a scholar and not an astronomer, claimed to have found worldwide traditions of these
unusual catastrophes and an Egyptian eyewitness description of the occurrences recorded in the book of
Exodus. Harper's Magazine: The Day the Sun Stood Still by Eric Larrabee

These two very interesting quotations showing the destruction wrought by a comet said to be
Venus, and then by Mars, in ancient days are indeed very encouraging in our search for the identity of the
real meaning of the Enûma Elish, and the cause of the collapse of the Bronze Age which was said to have
ended with just such upheavals that are accredited to the Venus comet. Earlier on i stated that both Athene
and Ishtar shared the same warlike attributes of their celebrated lover Ares the god of Mars. We also
learned that Nergal, Ninurta, Adad and Marduk were all associated with Mars. They all are known to be
storm gods, and hence they were revered as gods of destruction, pestilence, and lightening in ancient text.
This point is made clear when we explore the legends of both Isis and Athene and compare them to Ishtar
of Babylon. In this section you have seen how the Greek legends have stated that Athene was born fully
armed from the head of Zeus.
This story is of interest as Zeus was mistakenly given the planet Jupiter as his image. However, if
one should fully examine the names and qualities of this Greek god, then a clear image will emerge that
shows him to be the counterpart of Adad the thunder god of Canaan. En.lil, Ninurta, Nergal and Marduk
were all known to carry the thunderbolt weapon described in Greek and Hindu legends. This is the very
weapon you may recall that slew the dragon in the Enûma Elish, it is a theme repeated in the legends of
Indra and Vritra and of Zeus and Phaeton who we will meet later. Both Saturn and Jupiter seem to have
shared the same epithet and powers in many legends and this can account for the reason why in Greece
and Rome they both were known to be rulers of the pantheon. Mars was known to be the planet of of
Nergal and Ninurta, the sons of En.lil the Sumerian chief deity worshipped at Nippur.
Ishkur, who is also known as Adad to the Hittites, and Ba'al in Canaan, is said to be a son of En.lil
and is referred to in all ancient scriptures as a storm god. His weapon is also the mace and the thunderbolt
or trident. If then Zeus is placed in his rightful place as the god of Mars and King of the gods in the Greek
legends, then the "birth of Venus" from the "head" of Zeus is only a metaphor for showing that Mars was
thought to be the father of Venus. Therefore the chaos supposedly caused by "comet Venus" could in
reality be a close encounter by a real comet with earth in the distant past. From the Enûma Elish we read
that the hero was accompanied by destructive gale force hurricanes and numerous objects that were used
in the war against Tiamat the celestial dragon. According to the epic, electromagnetic charges were
unleashed on the host of Tiamat, this was recorded as the "net" that was spread over her helpers prevented
them from escaping.
Instead they were made to "turn back" and change their orbits because of the gravitational orbit of
the celestial body that later became known as Marduk. The story then is twofold, for it is impossible for
any planet to simply change course unless something had disturbed its stable orbit in the first place.
Therefore, when we read in the above legend that "Athene sprang fully armed from the head of Zeus"; we
must understand that this could be a direct reference to Mars itself, or a comet bursting out from the
region of Mars. A massive celestial body such as implied in the Babylonian epic of creation, here
represented as the god Marduk, not only would have disturbed the orbits of the planets, but could also
cause great disturbances in the Heavens. Since celestial bodies are mostly stable and tend to follow a
fixed orbit, it certainly would take a very large celestial body to cause a change of orbit in another planet
or to cause a satellite of another planet to change its orbit.
This can be seen in comets that become trapped by larger bodies such as Jupiter and Saturn. If then
this could be a likely scene for the "birth of Venus" and the comet theory, it would seem that the real
Venus as well as other celestial bodies would have been disturbed enough to have changed their orbits as
we have seen in the epic. The appearance of a massive celestial body such as a comet or asteroid, with
other satellites trailing behind it could have led many people to assume that the celestial object was
indeed the planet Venus which, it would appear, was pulled out of its own orbit by this celestial body. As
the great celestial dragon approached close to earth, this could have been seen as a battle between the
celestial gods.
Was Ti.Amat then considered a prototype of the female celestial dragon Venus? I dare to say yes!
For all ancient text dealing with this goddess has repeatedly cast her as either wearing the cloak of a
serpent, or with serpents surrounding her. This is clearly so in her aspect as Athena in Greece and Isis in
Egypt. To make this point clear i will give an account of these two goddesses in their aspect of the virgin
goddess, goddess of craft, weaving, hunting, childbirth, death, and mistress of serpents. In the Homeric
Hymns concerning the birth of Athena who shares the same traits in many ways to Artemis and Inanna of
Babylon, we read:

"Pallas Athene, glorious goddess, now will I sing.

Sea-grey eyes, ready mind, heart to remember a thing,
Worshipful maid, Ward of the City, valiant in war;
Tritogeneia (thrice born), daughter of Zeus the Counsellor,
Born from his sacred head, in battle-array ready delight,
Golden all glistering; fear took hold of them all at the sight
Them, the Immortals; but she, before Zeus of the Ægis-shield,
Burst and flashed and leaped in birth from the deathless head,
Shaking a sharp-edged spear; and high Olympus reeled
At the wrath in the sea-grey eyes, and earth on every side
Rang with a terrible cry, and the deep was disquieted
With the tumult of purple waves and outpouring of the tide
Suddenly, and in Heaven, Hyperion's bright son stayed
His galloping steeds for a space--long, long it seemed, till the maid
Took from immortal shoulders the godlike armour they had,
Pallas, our Lady of Athens. And the counsellor Zeus was glad.
Then, Hail! Thou thus, to whom with the Father, the shield belongs!
But I will make mention of thee yet again in my holy songs."

The story then continues: "The east pediment of the Parthenon, the sculptures of which all that
remains are now in the British Museum, is but the Homeric Hymn to Athena translated into stone. Helios,
with his four-horse chariot is just emerging at dawn, beating up against the figure of the mountain god
Olympus. Close to Olympus are seated the two Horæ, who guard the gates of Heaven. In the opposite
angle are seated Gaia and Thalassa, (earth and Sea), half-rising from their seats in amazement at the
wonder before them, while Selene, the Moon, riding her horse, sinks below the horizon. The whole scene
is conceived as an event of cosmic importance".

Like all legends there are many versions to the so-called "birth of Athena" just as there are
concerning her alter-ego Venus. I have chosen this poem by Homer in order to demonstrate a point that
clearly links this goddess with the image of the very ancient Ishtar of Babylon as the armour bearing
goddess of love and war. We now know that Jove-Zeus here mentioned as her "father" is most likely
represented by the planet Mars. The Greek god Zeus is recognized as the great sky father, and hence
Athena, like Venus, was "born" from the "head" of Mars. In verse six we are told "Fear took hold of them
all at the sight". This is the very same fearful admiration for the hero Marduk we have seen among the
gods in the Enûma Elish. The celestial object that is shown on boundary stones invading the skies is taken
to be a great comet by many scholars. Whether it was a breakaway satellite from another planet, or a
massive comet, this later became the "daughter of Zeus" in the celestial drama unfolding above the
onlookers on earth. This too can be traced back to the epic of Marduk where we read these words:
"He harnessed and yoked to it a team of four horses, the Killer, the Relentless, the Trampler, and the
Swift. Their lips were parted, their teeth bore poison; they were tireless and skilled in destruction. On his
right he posted the Smiter, fearsome in battle and on his left the Combat, which repels all enemies".

What this text is clearly describing is the many close objects following in the train of Marduk as he
marched into battle. Four fire breathing "horses" went before him, and at his side marched two "weapons"
of destruction. Since we are dealing with a celestial battle, then neither horses nor earthly weapons can be
employed here. Therefore all elements connected to this "war of the gods" must be of a celestial nature
and hence refers to celestial bodies of some kind. Since Mars, the "father" of Athena and Venus, "gave
birth" to them in the midst of the celestial battle, could there be any lingering doubt in ones' mind as to
what, not who, these "goddesses" really represents? Certainly not! Furthermore, concerning the martial
qualities of Athena and her alter-ego Venus, we read thus in the Greek legends:

"She is the city protector, goddess of wisdom, war, handicraft, and practical reason, identified by
the Romans with Minerva. In Homer's Iliad, Athena, as a war goddess, inspired and fought alongside the
Greek heroes; her aid was synonymous with military prowess".
Also in the Iliad, Zeus, the chief god, specifically assigned the sphere of war to Ares, the god of
war, and to Athena. As the guardian of the welfare of Kings, Athena became the goddess of good counsel,
of prudent restraint and practical insight, as well as of war. These warrior traits as found in the goddess
are indeed a reflection of those found in Mars-Ares, her so-called lover and companion in battle. A study
of the animals, weapons and deeds associated with Mars and the gods, who are linked to that planet, will
suffice to prove that the goddesses linked to Mars were simply aspects of the male warrior god, who
served as his consort in mythology. Hence we read in the legends that Athena, Ishtar, Isis and Artemis,
were closely associated with serpents, horses, goats, lions, bulls, chariots, arrows, hunting, warfare, the
chariot, vegetation, craft, art and science, death, disease, and the underworld.
All of these traits one will find in the gods Nergal, Ninurta, Marduk, En.lil, and Zeus. One of the
most celebrated goddess of ancient times was indeed the Egyptian Isis. Her famous husband Osiris is
known to wear a scaly skin and a crown adorned with horns with a brilliant red disc between. Later
images of Isis will show her with a pair of horns and the same red disc. The story of how he brought
farming to the world before been killed by Set is well known in historical writings. What is not known is
the meaning behind this pair and the horns and the red disc they both display. Sun worshippers will no
doubt be quick to tell you that this is the sun and the bull of Taurus. That is true to a point except that the
sun has nothing to do with Osiris and Isis as we shall show in the next chapter.
From the above works of Velikovsky we see that the awefull event of the Bronze Age, and its
repeat in the year 747 B.C at the founding of Rome was such a monumental event that the history books
are full of writings from many authors of later years. The identification of Venus as a comet in this legend
does not hold water even today. It has been proven by science that indeed Venus is millions of years old
and shows many old craters from comet impacts. The legend of the birth of Venus-Athena is by no means
accredited only to the Greeks and Romans, for we find her story among the ancient Vedas of the Hindu
race. Here, among the Hindu people, she is adored and lauded with such praise, that her adoration
outshines many of the Deities of the Hindu pantheon. No other goddess among these people is so highly
praised as Lakshmi the goddess of wealth and childbirth. In a poem similar to that of the Greeks
concerning the birth of Venus we read thus:

"Having thus heard the words of the Devas, Vishnu was angry and also Siva and their faces became
fierce with frowns. There issued forth a great light from the face of Vishnu who was full of intense anger,
and from that of Brahma and Siva too. From the bodies of Indra and other Devas also sprang forth a very
great light. And this light united together. The Devas saw there a concentration of light like a mountain
blazing excessively, pervading all the quarters with its flames. Then that unique light, produced from the
bodies of all the Devas, pervading the three worlds with its lustre, combined into one and became a
female form; the manifestation of the lights of other Devas too (contributed to the being of the) auspicious
Devi. Then looking at her who had come into being from the assembled lights of all the Devas; the
immortals that were oppressed by Mahishasura experienced joy.

The bearer of Pinaka (Siva) drawing forth a trident from his own trident presented it to her; and Vishnu
bringing forth a discus out of his own discus gave her one. Varuna gave her a conch, Agni a spear; and
Maruta gave a bow as well as two quivers full of arrows. Indra, lord of Devas, bringing forth a
thunderbolt out of (his own) thunderbolt and a bell from that of his elephant Airavata, gave these to her.
Yama gave her a staff from his own staff of Death, Varuna, the lord of waters, gave her a noose; and
Brahma, the lord of beings, gave her a string of beads and a water-pot.

The earth shooked and all the mountains rocked. 'Victory to you,' exclaimed the Devas in joy to her, the
lion-rider. The sages, who bowed their bodies in devotion, extolled her. Seeing the three worlds agitated,
the foes of the Deva mobilized all their armies and rose up together with uplifted weapons. Mahishasura
exclaiming in wrath: 'Ha! What is this?' rushed towards that roar, surrounded by innumerable asuras.
Then he saw the Devi pervading the three worlds with her lustre. She made the earth bend with her
footstep, scraping the sky with her diadem, shaking the nether worlds with the twang of the bowstring,
and standing there, pervading all the quarters around with her thousand arms. Then began a battle
between that Devi and the enemies of the Devas, in which the quarters of the sky were illumined by the
weapons and arms hurled diversely. The profuse blood from the asuras elephants and horses flowed
immediately like large rivers amidst that army of the asuras. "As fire consumes a huge heap of straw and
wood, so did Ambika destroy that vast army of asuras in no time". Here ends the second Chapter called
'Slaughter of the armies of Mahishasura' of Devi-Mahatmya in Markandeya-Purana, during the period of
Savarni, the Manu.

Could there be any doubt in ones' mind as to what this text refers to? Surely not! For we see in the
above text describing the birth of this goddess, every aspect of the legend of Athena-Venus as told by the
Greeks. Here she bears an arsenal of weapons given to her by the Hindu pantheon, just as related in the
Greek legends. She is born of a great light emanating from the head of the three great Hindu gods. To her
is given the power to subdue and destroy the armies of the opposing deities. Here, as in the Greek version
we see that at the birth of this terrible goddess, the very Heavens and the earth shook at her appearance,
the gods were in awe at her brilliance and fierce look. None dared look upon her for the blazing fire
surrounding her, and it was with this celestial fire that she consumed the warrior gods. Here also we have
a clear connection between this goddess and Athena the warrior. These two are manifestations of the
goddess Ishtar who is commonly referred to as Venus.
In this text we see her been hailed; "Victory to you," exclaimed the Devas in joy to her, the lion-
rider". This is quite a revelation as it shows beyond a doubt that this goddess is none other than Ishtar the
lion rider of Babylon. She has been known by many names throughout history, but in every culture where
she is found, never once has her sacred animals been absent from her appearance. We find her with
horses, lions, and her sacred owl in all cultures from Babylon to India. The fact that she was hailed with
the words "Victory" in this text is by no means a coincident, for in all of her famous statues from Greece,
we see her with outstretched arm and the goddess Victory in her palm. So well loved and feared was this
ancient goddess of battles that her image and worship was the most honoured in ancient cultures.
Appearing under many guises she was adored by her worshippers with great pomp and ceremonies.
 Chapter III
God of the Crooked Staff

Sirius the True Shepherd of Anu

The Place of the Mighty Waters
Lord of the Eight Pointed Star
Sirius the True Shepherd of Anu

In ancient Sumeria, the Orion constellation was known as SIPA.ZI.AN.NA which translates as
"The True Shepherd of Anu" or "The Loyal Shepherd of Heaven". The Akkadians referred to Orion as
Šitadalu, where the word Šita means "weapon" with Alû signifying Taurus the bull which was situated to
the right and above Orion. In some ancient text Orion is referred to as the "One with Weapon to the Bull".
In mythology, both Orion and Taurus are spoken of in the same breath where they both represent fertility,
water, and flooding. In Sumeria, both Enlil and Anu are referred to as "the bull of Heaven", a name later
applied to the Canaanite storm god Ba'al and Osiris of Egypt. The association of Orion and Taurus with
these deities can best be understood from images and text from Egypt, where Osiris is shown seated on a
throne in the midst of an ocean.
His upper body is that of a human, but his torso is enclosed in scales much like that of the Philistine
deity Dagan. Osiris wears the high crown with two feathers on each side and the horns of a wild ox
complete with a red disc. The image of Dagon and Osiris with a fish like torso connects them with Tiamat
the great sea serpent of the Enuma Elish. Images of this creature vary according to the text cited, but the
majority of ancient writers have shown her to be a composite creature. On a Greek vase, where she
appears as Ketos, her body is depicted as a dragon like beast with a serpentine fish tail, crocodile snout,
horns and a webbed mane. The Greek Ketos here is the same as the constellation Cetus, also referred to as
the sea serpent Tiamat. The conflict in the Enuma Elish is repeated in Greek literature where the hero is
Perseus who rescued the fair maiden Andromeda from the sea creature.
In the Babylonian version, we read of the hero Marduk and his weapons used to slay the creature
called Tiamat. In this version, Marduk is said to have unleashed a great flood, terrifying hurricanes and
lightning bolts against her. Her body was later split in two with a sharp sickle, the same as used by
Perseus to destroy the sea monster. This curved weapon is the same as seen in the hands of Ninurta, the
strong warrior of Enlil, in every Sumerian drawings found of him. Of all the many legends written of
Orion the giant, the most profound text found concerning him are the ones showing him to be the hunter
god of the constellation which bears his name. This is by far the best known and most talked about
constellation in all ages. The rising and setting of Orion and its crossing over the horizon to descend into
the netherworld, is well documented in many ancient mythological text.
This well preserved phenomenon is known in ancient European myths as the god Orion hunting in
the underworld. In Egypt it is known as the descent of the god Osiris into the underworld for a period of
seventy days. This is the time of mourning by the three star goddesses, representing the three stars of
Orion's belt, Isis, Nephthys, and Neith. The epic of the Enuma Elish is directly linked to Orion and his
companion star Sirius, the great star associated with fire, great heat, stormy winds, violent hurricanes,
cataclysmic floods, agriculture, and warfare. The "Loyal Shepherd of Anu" spoken of in the Enuma Elish
as the star Nibiru, is also called "the star of crossing" in the same text. We have shown that Marduk was
later given this star as his image in the Heavens, where it is said that this star would become the leader of
the constellations and the celestial bodies.
In this book we have determined that a celestial body was indeed the cause of the "war of Tiamat"
that led to her demise at the hands of Marduk. The next step is therefore to show the connection of the
epic with the constellations of Cetus and Orion in this conflict. Orion, as we know, is made of many stars
of various magnitude, the best known of these been Rigel, Betelgeuse, Saiph, and Bellatrix. Of these four,
the one that holds the most interest is the star Saiph or kappa as it is also known. This star is know in
Egypt as the "soul of Osiris" where its name is known as Sah in the Pyramid Text. To the ancient
Egyptians, this was the star of ascension where the dead Pharaoh would be reborn as the god Osiris in the
Orion constellation. The companion star of Orion was of course the one referred to in Egypt as the "dog
star", his faithful companion in the great celestial hunt.
The numerous tales of Isis and her star image, Sirius, are too many to recount. The story we are
most interested in here is the identity of Tiamat, the "star of crossing", and the "true shepherd of Anu"
found in the Enuma Elish epic. Whether or not a comet or asteroid played a part in this epic, it is certain
that the sea creature referred to as Tiamat is indeed another name for the constellation of Cetus. The story
of this constellation and its association with a turbulent sea needs clarification in order to understand the
myth. The fact that this area of the sky is home to many water creatures immediately identifies her as the
great serpent that rules this portion of the skies. Visible at latitudes between +70° and −90°, it is best
visible during the month of November. This fact is of great interest as you shall see later. Also of interest
is the fact it has an annual meteor shower in the month of October. These two months are known in
antiquity as the months of harvest and sowing preceding the onset of winter.
With Orion occupying the central position on the celestial equator, this constellation became the
time keeper and the leader of the celestial gods according to ancient text. But Orion the constellation
needed a bright star that would be its faithful companion as it crosses the meridian into the underworld.
None of its known stars are given that honour, and therefore the great star Sirius became the leading star
of the constellation. Sirius itself is located in another nearby constellation, known as Canis Major where it
forms part of the hunting dogs assigned to the great hunter Orion. We have shown in this book that the
Dog Star Sirius was from the earliest times associated with the Mother Goddess Gula or Bau of
Mesopotamia. She is identified as the consort of Ninurta also known as Pap.Si.Gal in Sumerian text.
Ninurta is also known in classical text as been the same hero known as Nimrod of the book of Genesis.
The image of Ninurta or Papsukal is that of a striding bird, or one perched atop a pedestal. Concerning
this god we read:

"Papsukal is known in ancient text as the messenger of Zamama, god of Kish, a form of Ninurta. He
also like Nusku derives his messenger character from his connection with light. Papsukal sa se-ir-ti,
"Papsukal of the morning light". Since Ninurta is identified with the star Alpha in Orion, Pap-sukal is also
identified with one of the stars in Orion. This star is known as Mul.Sib.Zi.An.Na, Din.Gir Pap-sukal
(Sukal.Din.gir.Anim.Istar). Here he is the messenger of Heaven and of Ishtar as Venus, Queen of Heaven,
that is, he is a messenger of the powers of celestial light. Nusku and Pap-sukal often occur together in
magic texts". Shurpu: VIII 10. CT. 24, 40, 53, CT. 33, 2 II 2

In the Sumerian civilization which predates the Egyptians, the poem "The Epic of Gilgamesh",
describes a dream of Gilgamesh where the hero is drawn irresistibly to a heavy star that cannot be lifted
despite immense effort. This star had descended from Heaven to him and is described as having a very
"potent essence" and being "the God of Heaven". Later as he journeyed across the sea in search of the
secrets of eternal life, he was accompanied by fifty oarsmen in the great ship Argo. This constellation
borders Canis Major with Sirius as its brightest star. We have discussed elsewhere the association of the
fifty sailors of Jason and the Argonauts, with the fifty names of Marduk after the battle of Tiamat. These
fifty names are said to represent stars in the constellation of Argo the ship of Heaven, but we now know
that this number is connected to the orbits of Sirius A&B as they rotate around each other.
It is also the number of years in a Hebrew Jubilee cycle. The number given by astrologist for the
true cycle of Sirius A&B is 49.4 yrs, and the Jubilee cycle of the Hebrews was to last 49 yrs with the
fiftieth year been the Jubilee year. In ancient culture Sirius was seen as the body of the "Great Bird"
constellation called Manu, with Canopus as the southern wingtip and Procyon as the northern wingtip,
which divided the Polynesian night sky into two hemispheres. The image of Orion as a great bird is also
found in Mesopotamia, there it is known as Papsukal and has as its image a walking bird or one perched
on a pedestal. This depiction of Orion as a bird helps to further identify the constellation in ancient text.
Egyptian culture was based solely on star cults, and none more so that the stars of Orion and Sirius the
star of Isis.
Their belief in the afterlife was reflected in the funeral cult of Osiris and his rebirth as the Benu
Bird in Orion. This belief in the soul of Osiris as a bird ascending to Orion, clearly links the constellation
with the Mesopotamian bird deity Ninurta as Papsukal the bird on the pedestal. Throughout ancient
Mesopotamia and modern Iran, one may still find tales of the fabulous phoenix bird that died upon a prier
and was reborn every 500-600 yrs according to some legends. You may recall the legend of Ninurta and
the Zu bird who stole the tablets of destiny from the temple of Enlil in Nippur. Since Ninurta is known as
the god of Orion, and the bird is a symbol of this constellation, one need not ask the meaning of such a
myth.
In the conflict of Marduk and Tiamat, although she is described in the epic as a great ferocious sea
serpent, her most enduring image is not that of a sea serpent at all! But rather one of a composite creature
with eagle wings, claws, beak and feathers. The creatures' feet are that of a lion and it is shown standing
upright been chased by the hero. Only a few drawings show her in serpentine form on cylinder seals. The
only explanation for such a composite creature, must be the fact that such imagery was commonly used to
define mythical creatures that were meant to incorporate the same ferocity of known real animals. This
can be understood from the view point that Sirius, the great star of Orion, is associated with the lion
goddesses of all ancient civilisations. We find this in the goddess Lakshmi of India, Sekhmet of Egypt,
Inanna of Sumer, Ishtar of Babylon, as well as mother goddesses from Syria, Canaan, and early Europe.
Marduk's companion animal is also a composite dragon with eagle claws, a feathered scaly body,
eagle's beak and the head of a horned viper. His weapons, like those of Ninurta, are the mace, sickle, bow
and arrow. Several cultures also associated the star Sirius with bow and arrows. Many nations among the
indigenous peoples of North America also associated Sirius with canines. The Seri and Tohono O'odham
of the southwest note the star as a dog that follows mountain sheep, while the Blackfoot called it "Dog-
face". The Cherokee paired Sirius with Antares as a dog-star guardian of either end of the "Path of Souls".
The Wolf (Skidi) tribe knew it as the "Wolf Star", while other branches knew it as the "Coyote Star".
Hopi Prophecy states: "When the Blue Star Kachina (Sirius) makes its appearance in the Heavens, the
Fifth World will emerge".
Further north, the Alaskan Inuit of the Bering Strait called it "Moon Dog". The association of Sirius
with these types of animals is found worldwide in many cultures. The most popular image is that of the
Egyptian underworld deity Anubis. With a visual apparent magnitude of -1.46, it is almost twice as bright
as Canopus, the next brightest star. Sirius A is about twice as massive as the Sun and has an absolute
visual magnitude of 1.42. It is 25 times more luminous than the Sun but has a significantly lower
luminosity than other bright stars such as Canopus or Rigel. The heliacal rising of Sirius marked the
flooding of the Nile in ancient Egypt and the "dog days" of summer for the ancient Greeks. To the south
Island Polynesians, it marked the beginning of the winter solstice. Every 49.9 years, Sirius A and B, come
as close together as their orbits allow, creating huge magnetic storms between them.
As they approach each other, the stars begin to rotate faster as their magnetic forces become
stronger. This motion causes them to finally trade places with each other creating a kind of spiral pattern.
During the era of the Middle Kingdom, Egyptians based their calendar on the heliacal rising of Sirius.
This was the start of the New Year marked by the day it became visible just before sunrise, after moving
away from the glare of the Sun. This occurred just before the annual flooding of the Nile and the summer
solstice, after a 70-day absence from the skies. Sothis, as Sirius was known in Egypt, was thought to be
the embodiment of Isis, wife and consort of Osiris who appeared in the sky as Orion. Together they
formed the Egyptian trinity with their son Horus as the god Osiris reborn as the new sun on the horizon of
Heaven.
The 70-day period symbolized the passing of Isis and Osiris through the duat (Egyptian
underworld). The star Sothis, now appearing as Isis, together with the star Sah, one of the stars of Orion,
became the manifestations of Isis and Osiris. She was often represented as a woman with a star on top of
her headdress, as well as a seated cow with a plant between her horns. The flower between her horns
connects with Seshat who also carries a star shaped flower on her head, as well as a writing stylus and ink
pot. The plant may well be a palm or perhaps a branch from the sycamore tree. Her worship was closely
linked to the yearly rising of Sirius and the New Year. The symbol of Sothis was occasionally depicted as
a large dog, were as in Roman times, as the goddess Isis or Sopdet, she was shown riding side-saddle on a
large dog.
Sirius was both the most important star of ancient Egyptian astronomy and one of the decans, the
star groups into which the night sky was divided, with each group appearing for ten days annually. This
arrangement of the stars into decans, gave rise to the Egyptian calendar of 360 days with 10 days to a
three week month. The heliacal rising, the first night that Sirius is seen just before dawn, would normally
take place during the early half of July. The Egyptians celebrated its rising with a festival known as "The
Coming of Sopdet". As early as the 1st Dynasty, Sothis was known as "the bringer of the new year and the
Nile flood". When Sirius appeared in the sky each year, the life giving Nile floods overflowed the banks
of the River bringing fertility to the black land. To the ancient Egyptians this was the tears of the goddess
Isis –Sopdet, the star goddess of the inundation who brought fertility to the land of Egypt.
The flooding of the Nile with the rising of Sirius transformed Isis the star goddess into the goddess
of the New Year and the creator of new life. Her aspect as a fertility goddess was not just associated to
the Nile floods, but she also attained the role of Mother Goddess and nurse goddess to the child Horus.
Her combined role as mother and agricultural goddess established her position in the pantheon of gods,
making her the most prominent female deity in many cultures. As one of the three presiding goddesses at
the funeral ceremony, Isis, along with her two sisters, assumed the role of preparing the Pharaoh for the
afterlife. The embalming of the dead took seventy days, the same number of days that Sirius is absent
from the skies before its heliacal rising. She was a goddess of fertility as well as the Egyptian Mother
Goddess and great lady of Heaven.
The importance of Sirius in Egypt is equally matched with that of Mesopotamia. We have shown
that this star is the one referred to as "the star of crossing" in the Enuma Elish, this identification points to
the high regard of this star in ancient culture. The Orion legend has many versions of his death at the
hands of Apollo and Artemis in Greek mythology. In one version, Artemis the goddess of the hunt who is
another aspect of Sirius fell in love with the giant hunter Orion. Her twin brother Apollo, seeing Orion
swimming across the sea, dared his sister to strike what appeared to be a floating object on the waves. Not
knowing it was Orion her lover, Artemis shot an arrow and killed him. Later, when she realised she had
killed her lover, she petitioned Zeus who placed his body among the stars.
The story has been romanticised by many Greek authors, however, the root of the myth is clearly
meant to show the seasonal alternation of the appearance of the constellations of Orion from October to
April and that of the Scorpion from April to October. Their rising and setting was seen as the eternal
battle in the sky by ancient cultures, but more importantly, the month of their rising and setting signalled
the seasons of planting and harvest. Sirius the Dog Star constitutes the left leg of Orion in astrological
charts. It is part of Canis Major and has always been connected to Orion in mythology. It is widely known
in myths as Orion's hunting dog and faithful companion, this relationship goes back hundreds of years
before the Greek culture to the days of ancient Sumer. One of the earliest appearances of Sirius as the
Dog Star is to be found in carvings of the goddess Gula of ancient Sumer.
On boundary markers referred to as Kuduru Stones, she appears with a dog and a composite
creature made up of a Scorpio and a man with bow and arrows. This imagery strengthens the argument
for Sirius been called "the bow star" in Sumerian text. The fact that the accompanying star deity on the
Kudur stone is made up of the scorpion and the hunter with the bow and arrow, is further proof that Orion
and Sirius are forever linked together in all ancient cultures. It has been suggested that Orion is named
from the Akkadian Uru-Anna, The Light of Heaven, the name and epithet clearly showing its importance
to ancient people. Orion's Belt was known as "Frigg's distaff or spinning wheel" (Friggerock) or "Freya's
Distaff" (Frejerock). Some have pointed out that the constellation is on the celestial equator and have
suggested that the stars rotating in the night sky may have been associated with Frigg's spinning wheel.
The Norse name for the planet Venus was Friggjarstjarna "Frigg's Star". In Finnish mythology the
constellation of Orion is called "the scythe of Vainamoinen". The term most likely comes from the fact
that it can be seen in the sky in early autumn in the Northern Hemisphere, the time of haymaking. This
epithet is of great significance as this harvest tool is the same design as the weapon seen in the hands of
Ninurta. It is also the symbol of Saturn and Enlil, the father of Ninurta. In ancient Aram, the constellation
was known as Nephila, with the descendants of Orion been called the Nephilim, a name you might recall
from Genesis chapter six in the Bible. The constellation is mentioned in Horace's Odes, Homer's
Odyssey, the Iliad, and Virgil's Aeneid. The Bible also makes mention of Orion in the books Job 9:9,
38:31, and Amos 5:8.
The Seri people of north western Mexico named the constellation Hapj (hunter), giving the names
of the three stars as Hap (mule deer), Haamoja (pronghorn), and Mojet (bighorn sheep). The association
of Orion with the deer and mountain sheep should be noted as these names shows its different role in
ancient culture. Its association with the deer particularly links the constellation with Artemis the deer
hunter, and the mountain sheep epithet confirms its nature as "the true shepherd of Anu". When the
Scandinavian people refer to Orion as "Frigg's distaff or spinning wheel", this epithet is in line with our
earlier discussion where we discussed the story of Corona Berenice and the Egyptian legend. In his aspect
as the distaff in the hand of the goddess, Orion effectively becomes "the one who spins the web of life".
Thus, according to its esoterical meaning, Orion is the giver of life and the father of gods and man.
Both modern science and ancient text confirms that the constellation of Orion is the place where
stars are born. Today the Orion nebula is recognised as the birthplace of millions of stars, retaining its
importance and high esteem among the celestials. With our knowledge of Orion and Sirius gathered from
many cultures, it is safe to conclude that the great star was the central figure in the epic of the Enuma
Elish and the war against Tiamat. As we have discussed before, Tiamat was often depicted with a moon
disc above her, or in some cases with an eight pointed star. Although Venus is traditionally represented
with this star, it is also a moon symbol and defines its cycles. The companion of Tiamat was known as
Kingu in Sumerian text, and this name is said to be a name for the moon. The "spouse" of Tiamat was the
great celestial or terrestrial ocean that is ruled by the moon.
Both Sirius and Orion are closely related to water and flooding as we have seen. Finally, Marduk is
said to have unleashed a great flood storm against Tiamat according to the Enuma Elish. With this in
mind, we now have a better understanding of the "war" of the celestials mentioned in the epic. The true
identity of Tiamat must therefore be understood to be, not a sea serpent as such, but the original moon
goddess in her serpentine aspect as the great creatrix of gods and man. Orion, the great hunter with Sirius
his brilliant companion, becomes the hero who overthrows Tiamat the original celestial female serpent. In
this drama, Tiamat and her moon ruling lover are replaced by the sun ruling male deity in the form of
Orion and his consort Sirius the bright star of the Heavens. Marduk effective becomes the god of Orion
while his consort, Zarpanitu becomes the Mother Goddess in the form of Sirius.
In this epic we see a transition of power from the moon ruling serpent mother, to the sun ruling god
as reflected in his name. Enki addressed him as "my son, the son of the sun" in the epic, and his name
means, "bull calf of the sun". By the time of Marduk's rule in Babylon in the 2nd century BC, the era of
the moon god Nanna Suen was coming to an end. The house of Aries was rising on the horizon of
Heaven; it was the age of the ram and the era of the sun god Marduk. It also heralded the arrival of the
god Yahweh and the age of mankind as recorded in scripture. Sirius, the star of Marduk and the "true
shepherd of Anu" became the king of the celestials and ruler of the Sumerian pantheon according to the
epic. Not only does this star rise with the sun in July, but it is also known as "the dawn star" and "the light
of Heaven". These titles effectively make the star of Marduk the light bringer and herald of the dawn, a
position traditionally reserved for Venus in ancient text.
The symbols of Marduk also identify him as the god of Orion after the overthrow of Tiamat. His
animal was a composite dragon, and his symbol was a spear which is one of the symbols of Orion the
great hunter. Many great heroes of old became known as the god of Orion, this can be seen in the myths
of Osiris, Ninurta and Marduk in ancient text. In the Greek legends, Orion the giant was closely
associated with Artemis and the Pleiades. There are many legends which show that this constellation was
thought of as the dwelling place of the ancient gods. The fact that it became popular in so many diverse
myths must be recognised as originating from a common source. Support for this argument can be found
in Genesis: 10:8-12 where Nimrod the great hunter is identified as the first ruler on earth after the flood.
We have covered this fully elsewhere, but it is of interest to note that scholars have linked him to Ninurta
the son of Enlil in some text.
The Nephilim of Genesis Chapter 6 are also identified with the constellation of Orion according to
some authors. In Aramaic culture, the later term niyphelah refers to the Constellation of Orion, and thus
the Nephilim to be the offspring of Orion in mythology. However, the Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon
notes this as a "dubious etymology" and "all very precarious". From the many text found to date
concerning Orion and the gods who are said to have descended to earth in ancient days, it is clear that the
ancient people were aware of the importance of this constellation. The epic of Enuma Elish clearly
defines this constellation, and the star Sirius as the gods involved in the battle with Tiamat which is
identified with the Cetus constellation. The great star Sirius is much lauded in the Zoroaster religion
where it is mentioned in the Avesta scriptures.
The veneration of the star and the constellation of Orion are of utmost importance to their religion.
In fact Orion is assigned a great angel in their holy books where this angel is often referred to as "The
Peacock Angel". In keeping with its connection to mythical birds in ancient cultures, one should not be
surprised to find that the greatest angel of the Zoroaster religion is assigned to Orion. Yet one is tempted
to ask, what has a peacock to do with an angel and Orion? Well, in mythology the peacock is the bird that
summons the thunder storms, and therefore the peacock angel is the god of storms. In ancient Sumer the
god Enki is also represented as a peacock, and as we know, he was the god of the Apsû, the great waters
that was once the home of Tiamat. You may recall that a great storm was used by Marduk to slay Tiamat
the serpent of the deep. The veneration of the star Sirius and its flood waters are better understood from a
text in the Khorda Avesta (Book of Common Prayer) where we read:

"Here he calls for people to assemble, here he asks, saying: We sacrifice unto the rains of Tishtrya. We
sacrifice unto the first star; we sacrifice unto the rains of the first star, whose eye-sight is sound. For ten nights,
Tishtrya, the bright and glorious star, mingles his shape with light, moving in the shape of a man of fifteen years of
age, bright, with clear eyes, tall, full of strength, strong, and clever. He is active as the first man was, he goes on
with the strength of the first man; he has the virility of the first man. Who now will offer me the libations with the
Haoma and the holy meat? To whom shall I give wealth of healthy children, a troop of healthy children, and the
purification of his soul? The next ten nights the bright and glorious Tishtrya mingles his shape with light, moving
in the shape of a *golden horned bull. Who now will offer me the libations with the Haoma and the holy meat? To
whom shall I give wealth of horses, a troop of horses, and the purification of his soul? Then, the bright and glorious
Tishtrya goes down to the sea in the shape of a white, beautiful horse, with golden ears and a golden caparison. But
there rushes down to meet him the Daeva Apaosha (Draught), in the shape of a dark horse, black with black ears,
black with a black back, black with a black tail, stamped with brands of terror. *Here you may recall that the
ancient gods, Anu, Marduk and Osiris were all referred to as bulls. All three deities are associated with
Sirius and Orion, we also have reference to Orion in text where it is called; "one with weapon towards
the bull". The bull here mentioned been the Taurus constellation.

They meet together, hoof against hoof, the bright and glorious Tishtrya and the Daeva Apaosha. They fight
together for three days and three nights. And then the Daeva Apaosha proves stronger than the bright and glorious
Tishtrya, he overcomes him. And Tishtrya flees from the sea. He cries out in woe and distress, the bright and
glorious Tishtrya: "Woe is me, O Ahura Mazda! I am in distress, O Waters and Plants! O Fate. Men do not worship
me with a sacrifice in which I am invoked by my own name, as they worship the other Yazatas with sacrifices in
which they are invoked by their own names. If men had worshipped me with a sacrifice in which I had been
invoked by my own name, as they worship the other Yazatas with sacrifices in which they are invoked by their own
names, I should have taken to me the strength of ten horses, the strength of ten camels, the strength of ten bulls, the
strength of ten mountains, the strength of ten rivers. (Here again we encounter the mysterious number fifty
associated with Sirius).

Then I, Ahura Mazda, offer up to the bright and glorious Tishtrya a sacrifice in which he is invoked by his
own name, and I bring him the strength of ten horses, the strength of ten camels, the strength of ten bulls, the
strength of ten mountains, the strength of ten rivers. Then, the bright and glorious Tishtrya goes down to the sea in
the shape of a white, beautiful horse, with golden ears and golden caparison. But there rushes down to meet him the
Daeva Apaosha (Draught) in the shape of a dark horse, black with black ears, black with a black back, black with a
black tail, stamped with brands of terror. They meet together, hoof against hoof, the bright and glorious Tishtrya,
and the Daeva Apaosha; they fight together, till the time of noon. Then the bright and glorious Tishtrya proves
stronger than the Daeva Apaosha, he overcomes him. Then he goes from the sea "Hail!" cries the bright and
glorious Tishtrya. Hail unto me, O Ahura Mazda! Hail unto you, O waters and plants! Hail, O Law of the
worshippers! Hail will it be unto you, O lands! The life of the waters will flow down unrestrained to the big-seeded
corn fields, to the small-seeded pasture-fields, and to the whole of the material world! Then the bright and glorious
Tishtrya goes back down to the sea, in the shape of a white, beautiful horse, with golden ears and a golden
caparison.

He makes the sea boil up and down; he makes the sea stream this and that way; he makes the sea flow this
and that way. All the shores of the sea are boiling over; all the middle of it is boiling over. And the bright and
glorious Tishtrya rises up from the sea, the bright and glorious Satavaesa rises up from the sea and vapours rise up
above Mount that stands in the middle of the sea. Then the vapours push forward, in the regular shape of clouds;
they go following the wind, along the ways which Haoma traverses, the increaser of the world. Behind him travels
the mighty wind, made by Mazda, and the rain, and the cloud, and the sleet, down to the several places, down to the
fields, down to the seven continents of the earth. Apam Napat divides the waters amongst the countries in the
material world, in company with the mighty wind, the Glory, made by the waters. We sacrifice unto Tishtrya, the
bright and glorious star, who from the shining east, moves along his long winding course, along the path made by
the gods, along the way appointed for him the watery way. We sacrifice unto Tishtrya, the bright and glorious star,
whose rising is watched by men who live on the fruits of the year". Tishtar Yasht Avesta: Khorda Avesta (Book
of Common Prayer). Translation by James Darmesteter, from "Sacred Books of the East American
Edition, 1898"

To the ordinary man, this is just another simple poem written in honour of a supposed god in the
guise of the star Sirius or Tishtrya as its know in ancient Persia. And yet, within the lines of this poetry,
lies a wealth of knowledge concerning the rising and setting of Sirius, the great star that summons the
rains upon the earth. At once, it is the cause of devastating droughts during the hot summer months as
recorded by both Greeks and Egyptians, and yet it is hailed as the giver of rains that causes life on earth to
flourish. Here once again, we also encounter the mysterious number fifty associated with this star. The
same number we have seen in the fabled story of Jason and the Argonauts, and the battle of Marduk and
Tiamat. The importance of this star cannot be overemphasized in light of the myriad of legends and myths
we have encountered in historical text.

The Place of the Mighty Waters

Cetus the whale or "sea monster" is a huge southern constellation; at 1,231 square degrees, it is the
4th largest overall. It is located in the area of the sky known as "the Sea" alongside other "water" related
constellations. Bordering Cetus is Eridanus "the river"; above it lies Taurus, Aries and Pisces. On the
other side is the water pot constellation Aquarius, while beneath Cetus are Sculptor and Fornax. This
constellation has been recognized since antiquity. In Mesopotamia, it was identified with the primordial
cosmic female principle, the sea-monster Tiamat. In Ancient Greece, it was identified as a mythological
sea monster. Together with the constellations above it, Andromeda, Cepheus, Perseus, and Cassiopeia, it
provides the source for the myth of Cassiopeia and Perseus, the hero who rescued the boastful
Andromeda.
 In certain earlier Greek legends, Cetus also represented the gateway to the underworld, this is
considered to be the area beneath the ecliptic. The ancient Hebrews and Greeks portrayed an enormous
Leviathan like sea creature among the stars of Cetus. In ancient Greek, the word ketos (Greek: Κῆτος,
Kētos, plural Cetea Greek: κήτεα), Latinized as Cetus, denotes a large fish, whale, or sea monster. The
sea monsters slain by Perseus and Heracles were each referred to as a Cetus by ancient sources. In early
Greek art, Cetea is depicted as a very large serpentine fish. The name of the mythological creature known
as Ketos seems to have lent its name to the constellation Cetus. In the book of Jonah 2:1, the Hebrew text
reads dag gadol (‫)גדול דג‬, which literally means "great fish." The Septuagint translates this phrase into
Greek as mega ketos (μέγα κῆτος).
The term ketos alone means "huge fish," and in Greek mythology the term was closely associated
with sea monsters. Jerome later translated this phrase as Piscis Grandis in his Latin Vulgate. However, he
translated the Greek word kētos as Cetus in the Gospel of Matthew 12:40. Sailors believed that Cetus was
the bringer of great storms and misfortune making the constellation one of evil omen. The ancient
Babylonians saw it as the great sea monster Tiamat, symbolising the serpent of chaos in the Enûma Eliš.
It was this constellation, or mother serpent, who gave birth to the Sumerian gods. As we have seen before,
it was from her broken body that the Heavens and the earth were created by Marduk. The etymology and
structure of the words forming the proper noun Tiamat, is of Semitic origin where it is defined as been a
"Serpent of the Sea".
The name has been proposed to be Ti.yam.at by one author, if the name should be spelt this way, a
whole new definition of the name and the epic of the Enuma Elish would unfold. According this author,
the Ti in the name was originally Ta in the Semitic language which translates to serpent or snake, while
Yam translates to sea or ocean. The vocalization in Semitic grammar alters ‘Ta’ to ‘Ti’ resulting in the
name "Tiyam", meaning "serpent of the sea". As for the ‘at’ suffix, the Semitic language ends a feminine
noun with ‘at/ it or owt’. This definition makes the name "Tiyamat" a female serpent of the sea as
described in the Enuma Elish. As the great creatrix, Cetus is identical to the Sumerian primordial birth
goddess Ninmah or Ninhursag, the Mother Goddess who gave birth to the first generation of Sumerian
gods.
Cetus is sometimes represented as swimming in the River Eridanus, or resting on its bank with fore
paws in the water. As in all things celestial, we see here the concept of a mythical serpentine creature
dwelling in the great sea of the constellation that later became known as Cetus. Legend has it that the
bones of this creature were once found in the city of Joppa in Israel, the very town from which Jonah
departed on his journey to Nineveh in ancient Assyria. From what we have learnt in Babylonian, Hindu,
and Greek text concerning this celestial sea creature, it is quite obvious that the ancient scribes knew of
the constellations belonging to the portion of the skies known as "the celestial sea". As we have
determined in our discussion of the Enuma Elish, it was from this constellation that the myth of Tiamat
was born.
What is quite certain is that there was no real war of the gods as some would have us believe, and
secondly, the creature known as Ti.Amat is certainly another name for the Greek Ketos, and the Hindu
sea serpent known as Vritra that was slain by Indra as recorded in the Vedas. With this in mind, and the
identification of the star of Marduk as the Dog Star Sirius, we can now correctly unravel the mystery of
the epic and its true meaning. Both Sirius and Orion crosses the meridian about mid July, this transition is
marked in Egypt by the flooding of the Nile River thereby commencing the New Year festival as recorded
in ancient text. The Babylonian star catalogues of the Late Bronze Age named Orion
MUL.SIPA.ZI.AN.NA, "The Heavenly Shepherd" or the "True Shepherd of Anu" the chief god of the
Sumerian pantheon.
In Babylonian text, this constellation was sacred to Papsukal and Ninshubur, both minor gods with
the role of been the messenger to the gods. Papsukal was identified with the figure of a walking bird on
Babylonian boundary stones, and on the star map the figure of the Rooster was located below and behind
the figure of the True Shepherd. The stars of Orion were associated with Osiris, the god of rebirth and the
afterlife, by the ancient Egyptians. Orion has also been identified with the last Egyptian Pharaoh of the
Fifth Dynasty called Unas. After devouring the star gods and absorbing their spiritual powers, the
Pharaoh journeys through the sky to become the star Sabu, this is the star known as Saiph in Orion. The
Pyramid Texts indicates that the dead Pharaoh was identified with the god Osiris, whose dwelling place
in the stars was said to be the constellation of Orion.
In ancient Aram, the constellation was known as Nephila, and the descendants of Orion are referred
to as the Nephilim, the offspring of the union between the sons of God and humans as recorded in
Genesis Chapter 6. Often referred to as The Hunter, Orion is a prominent constellation located on the
celestial equator and visible throughout the world. It is one of the most conspicuous and most
recognizable constellations in the night sky. It includes the prominent asterism known as the Belt of
Orion, the three bright stars that form the "belt" of the hunter. Surrounding the belt at roughly similar
distances are four bright stars, which are considered to represent the outline of the hunter's body.
Descending from the belt is a smaller line of three stars, the middle of which is in fact not a star but the
Orion Nebula, referred to as the hunter's sword.
In artistic renderings, the surrounding constellations are sometimes related to Orion. He is depicted
standing next to the river Eridanus with his two hunting dogs Canis Major and Canis Minor, fighting
Taurus the bull. He is sometimes depicted hunting Lupus the hare. He also sometimes is depicted with a
lion in his hand. Orion can be easily seen in the night sky from November to February of each year, late
fall to winter in the Northern Hemisphere, late spring to summer in the Southern Hemisphere. In the
tropics (less than about 8° from the equator) the constellation transits at the zenith. During May–July
(summer in the Northern Hemisphere, winter in the Southern Hemisphere) Orion is in the daytime sky
and thus not visible at most latitudes. These two seasons of transit during which Orion is visible or
hidden, were of great importance to people of the ancient world as they were used to define the planting
and harvest seasons.
Both Orion and its companion star Sirius were closely recorded in all antiquity by many cultures
worldwide mainly for this purpose. Great floods, scorching heat and violent thunder storms are attributed
to these two, hence Marduk employed these very weapons in his mythical battle with Tiamat. Tiamat was
the serpentine creature represented by the constellation known as Cetus, and this constellation is also
known as "the gateway to the underworld" in sacred text. Cetus is located in the great celestial sea as we
have seen, and this portion of the skies is regarded as the place where violent storms are born according to
Greek myth. Osiris the great hunter is said to cross the skies in order to hunt the creatures in the
underworld according to myths, this means he would need enter through the gateway which is known as
Cetus.
This constellation is guarded by the great serpent Tiamat which Orion the god must defeat if he is to
descend into the underworld. This mythological battle is what is referred to in the Enuma Elish, the god
of Orion is here named as Marduk in the Babylonian version; hence he becomes the dragon slayer in the
era of his reign. Before his rule in the 2nd century BC, this same mythological battle was fought against
Tiamat by Anu the moon god, and then by Enlil who replaced Anu his "father". This is the theme that was
carried over into Greek mythology with the overthrow of Saturn who is also known as Kronos, by Zeus-
Mars and the Titans. Orion was known by a variety of epithets in ancient times where we find a vast
number of legends ascribed to him and the seven daughters of the Pleiades. Throughout the ancient world
many mythological stories were developed pertaining to Orion and his mighty deeds.
In Sumeria and ancient Babylonia, the constellation was known as SIPA.ZI.AN.NA which
translates to "The True Shepherd of Anu" or "The Loyal Shepherd of Heaven", as we have already shown.
Its Akkadian name Šitadalu, (Šita means "weapon") and Alû, refers to Taurus, the constellation which is
situated to the right and above Orion. The definition of its Akkadian name connects Orion to Taurus as
the "one with weapon to the Bull" in this sense. According to the Mul.Apin tablets, the name
SIPA.ZI.AN.NA was the one most commonly used for Orion up until the Neo-Babylonian era c2000 BC.
This, as we have shown, clearly identifies Orion as the "Loyal Shepherd of Anu" as recorded in the
Enuma Elish. Many historians have made the connection between Marduk and the Biblical Nimrod. This
is the Sumerian deity who became the biblical Nimrod the "son" of Cush in the book of Genesis 10:8-12
were read:

"And Cush begot Nimrod; he began to be a mighty one in the earth. He was a mighty hunter before the
Lord; wherefore it is said: "Like Nimrod a mighty hunter before The Lord." And the beginning of his
kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. Out of that land went forth
Asshur, and built Nineveh, and Rehoboth-Ir, and Calah, and Resen between Nineveh and Calah the same
is the great city".

Now, according to Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible, "the Assyrians deified Nebrod, or Nimrod,
and placed him among the constellations of Heaven, and called him Orion. The same first discovered the
art of hunting; therefore they joined to Orion the star called the Dog Star". This is indeed of great interest
as it shows the antiquity of Orion and the deity who was assigned to it, namely, Nebrod the great hunter
who became Nimrod the son of Cush. One must remember that many of the Old Testament stories are
echoed in the Sumerian text, and hence we find many similarities in both cultures. Therefore Nebrod the
Sumerian god is identified as Nimrod the son of Cush, the first great hero and builder of cities after the
flood. Here, as in ancient text, we have the identity of a deity who later lent his name to the constellation
of Orion. Even more interesting is the fact that the children of Orion were known as the Nephilim, the
very name given to the offspring of the sons of god who descended to earth to mate with women. The
Enuma Elish clearly establishes the supremacy of Marduk as the new god of Orion after the battle of
Tiamat. In this wise, Marduk became the god Nebrod or Nimrod the hunter and dragon slayer. This has
given rise to him been compared to the biblical Nimrod of Genesis 10:8-12. The identity of Orion with
Marduk is emphasised in the Enuma Elish were we read:

He (Marduk) fashioned a bow, designated it as his weapon,

Feathered the arrow, set it in the string
He lifted up the mace and carried it in his right hand,
Slung the bow and quiver at his side,
Put lighting in front of him…
The Lord raised the flood-weapon, his great weapon,
And mounted the frightful, unconquerable storm chariot
The Lord (Marduk) set out and took the road,
And set his face towards Tiamat who raged out of control.

The constellations of Cetus and Orion are both water related as we have shown, they are both
capable of producing violent thunderstorms according to sacred text. The image of Marduk with a mace
and a bow (or a lightning bolt) battling with Tiamat can be seen in art form in Mesopotamian text.
Marduk, here represented as the god of Orion is armed with the weapons of a hunter as he approaches
Tiamat the great serpent of chaos. In this mythological battle we have identified Cetus the constellation as
the gateway to the underworld, while Orion is the god of the mid haven where he holds the central
position among the celestial gods. This is made clear in the division of the Heavens into three celestial
bands after the conflict recorded in the epic. These became known as: The way of Anu, comprising of the
stars of the equator: The way of Enlil, which includes the stars of the upper portion of the skies including
the North celestial pole, and The way of Enki comprising all of the southern stars including the
constellations of Cetus, Aries, Aquarius and Pisces.
The seventh tablet of the Enuma Elish reads: "And may he (Marduk) shepherd all the gods like
sheep. Let him defeat Tiamat, constrict her breath and shorten her life…" In effect, the way of Anu was
usurped by Marduk the new dragon slayer; he later became the supreme Lord of Heaven and ruler of the
olden gods of Sumer. As the leading star and constellation on the equator, his name was changed to
Nibiru "the star of crossing". Since we know that this constellation has only one known star that is
associated with mythology; it is necessary to clearly define the true star and image of Marduk. The
constellation itself is not referred to as "the true shepherd of Anu", but rather it is a star related to Orion
that is given this name. We have recounted the legend of Saiph the great star of Orion elsewhere, were we
have shown that this star was said to be the soul or dwelling place of Osiris.
The other bright stars in this constellation are not mentioned in mythological text, and therefore one
is tempted to identify the star Saiph as the star of Marduk. This however can pose many problems, for we
know from the epic that Marduk employed a great flood, scorching heat, terrible hurricanes, a horse
drawn chariot, lightning, and a magical plant in his battle against Tiamat. A quick search on Sirius will
reveal that all these elements are associated with that star. This is well documented in many ancient texts.
Besides this evidence, Sirius is known as the faithful companion of Orion and does cross the skies in its
footsteps so to speak. Also, in images drawn of Tiamat and Marduk, this creature appears as a composite
bird with an eight pointed star above it.
This star, as we have pointed out, is traditionally given to the planet Venus simply because Ishtar
and other goddess are thought to be the deity associated with Venus. This traditional paring of the eight
pointed star with Venus is not consistent with the true nature of Ishtar and her compatriots. This fact can
be seen in the martial qualities of the so called "goddess of love", for in every drawing of this deity, she is
seen standing on a lion and bearing the weapons of warfare. These are known symbols of Sirius and not
of Venus. Clearly, Sirius is "the true shepherd of Anu" that is symbolized in the eight pointed star
traditionally given to Venus as the planet of love.

Lord of the Eight Pointed Star

Throughout antiquity the number eight has been sacred to gods and man. This very mystical
number can be found in almost all sacred writings including the Bible. It is a very sacred Hindu number
that is assigned to Brahma, the goddess Lakshmi, as well as Krishna and Buddha. Hindu text speaks about
the eight paths of Buddha, while the Vedas scripture shows the goddess with eight arms accompanied by
elephants and the lotus flower. In Mesopotamia it was the sacred number of Ishtar and other goddesses as
shown in cuneiform text. In almost all Sumerian art, one will find the eight pointed star been prominently
displayed above the heads of various gods. Some of these drawings can be seen on Plates: 14-15 where
you will find this star in connection with a god in the act of slaying a great bird or serpent.
These drawings cannot be taken as just any random act by the ancient scribes, but in all instances,
they surely must be recognised as something very important. Even today, one would not suppose that an
artist such as Caravaggio would paint a masterpiece without conveying some meaning to his work. Such
then is the art of the ancients who likewise, sort to convey a message in art form. Therefore when one
sees such drawings as found on Plates 14-15, the question that is foremost in ones' mind must surely be,
"what is the meaning of this picture?" We have already covered the mystery of Tiamat and the legends of
Sirius and Orion, but the question still remains as to the association of the eight pointed star with Orion in
antiquity. Students of the Bible may recall that it was only eight people who were spared from the great
catastrophe of Noah's flood.
We have covered this in another section were we have argued that the eight persons are to be
recognised as the division of the human race after the flood. There is no other explanation for the several
types of races found on earth today, if all of us came from Noah and his descendants unless they
represented all the various nationalities found among mankind today. The eighth day of the Chinese New
Year is the day for the annual gathering of all the gods in Heaven. Scorpio is the eighth astrological sign
in the Zodiac. (October 23 - November 22) Number eight is the number of Saturn and hence that of Enlil
who was the chief Sumerian god. The fact that eight was the number of Saturn is of great interest as this
is the star god who was worshipped in the wilderness by the Hebrews. We have covered this in another
section where the name of this god is known as Remphan.
 This god was also known in Egypt and Canaan where his worship was widespread. In mythology
the god of Saturn appears as a goat with a six pointed star. This is commonly known as "the seal of
Solomon", it is the star which can be seen on the flag of Israel today where it is now called "the star of
David". If therefore, the number of Saturn is eight and not six, then i suggest that the star of Remphan that
was worshipped by the Hebrews is not a six pointed star, but rather the eight pointed star dedicated to the
god of Saturn. Remphan is the King James Version of the Bible's rendering of the Greek word quoted in
Acts 7:43 as Ρομφα, Ρεμφάν, Ρεμφαμ, Ραιφαν, and Ρεφαν. It is taken from a quotation in Amos 5:26
where the Septuagint's rendering of the word Raiphan or Rephan replaces the Hebrew name Chiun or
Kewan.
The Greek forms are probably simple mistakes for the Hebrew, k (qoppa) having been replaced by r
(resh) and ph substituted for v (Yod). Kewan is probably the Old Babylonian Kayawanu, the planet
Saturn, another (Akkadian) name for which is Sakkut, which appears as Siccuth in the earlier part of the
verse. Remphan or Kiyun as it is translated in some biblical text was an Egyptian idol, the star god whose
image was worshipped by the Hebrews mentioned in the book of Amos. Number eight is lucky for
Capricorn which is also ruled by Saturn. In the Tarot, eight is the card for Justice or Strength. Spiders
have eight legs and are associated with women and weaving just as goddesses such as Frigg are called
weavers and carry the distaff and spindle. December 8th is "The Feast of the Immaculate Conception" in
the Roman Catholic faith.
It is believed that Miryam, the mother of Jesus, was pure and free from sin from the moment she
was conceived in her mother’s womb. Miryam was the daughter of Anne and Joachim (Yahuyakim in
Hebrew). The name Anne is the Greek version of the Hebrew name Hannah. The birth of the Virgin
Miryam is celebrated nine months later on September 8th. The Nativity of the Theotokos, celebrating the
birth of Miryam, is one of the Twelve Great Feasts of the Eastern Orthodox liturgical year. It is celebrated
on September 8th on the liturgical calendar (for those churches which follow the traditional Julian
calendar, September 8th falls on September 21st of the modern Gregorian calendar). There were eight
gates surrounding the ancient city of Babylon in Mesopotamia. The eighth gate was named the Gate of
Ishtar, the goddess of love and war in myths.
The planet traditionally assigned to her is Venus which also has an eight year interval of return. Its
path in the Heavens is also said to resemble a large eight that follows its motion as it orbits our sun. Ishtar
was the Queen of the earth and Heaven as recorded in ancient myths; she was the morning and evening
star known as Shalim and Shahar in ancient Canaan. She was the equivalent of the Sumerian goddess
Inanna who also bears the same image of the eight pointed star and battle arms in Sumerian art. Lakshmi
is the Hindu goddess of wealth, her symbol is the eight pointed star, in Hindu art she can often be seen
with four or eight arms and a lotus flower. The points of her star are said to symbolize the eight kinds of
wealth provided by Lakshmi. According to Indian mythology, the earth is supported on the backs of eight
white elephants.
It has been said that before the rise of Christianity, there were eight days in the Greek and Roman
week. According to Semitic text, eight is the magic number of Nebo the Babylonian god-priest who is
said to be son of Marduk. Japanese text states that there are eight Gods in the Heavens representing the
eight directions. This would be the four cardinal signs plus the directions of NW, SW, NE, and SE.
Islamic text states that the throne which encompasses the world is supported by eight Angels,
corresponding to both the eight divisions of space and the groups of letters in the Arabic alphabet. In the
Hermetic system there is one chief God accompanied by eight minor gods, much like the Egyptian
Ogdoad which has a group of eight ancestral gods. In the Hebrew culture the number eight is the symbol
of perfect intelligence and splendour.
The digit value of "IHVH" is the "Number of the Lord". The Temple was sanctified in eight days.
In Egyptian sacred text eight is the number of Thoth the Ibis headed god of writing, medicine and science.
During the middle-ages, the eight-point star was widely used as a symbol in Islamic art. It is called
khatim or khatim sulayman, seal of the prophets, and used in signet rings. The phrase "seal of the
prophets" is also used in the Koran and has particular ideological meaning for Muslims. Moroccan zillij
artisans also refer to the eight-point star as sibniyyah, or sabniyyah, which is a derivative of the number
seven, sab’ah. The Sumerians used an arrangement of lines as a symbol for both star and God. The linear
eight-point star represented the Syrian and Canaanite goddess Astarte, a counterpart of the Babylonian
goddess of Venus known as "The Light Bringer".
An eight point star enclosed within a circle was the symbol for the sun god; this no doubt reflects
his status as the lord of the eight portals of Heaven. Number eight is by far the most important number
given to the Hebrews as an everlasting covenant in the Bible. From the time of Abraham c2144 BC, this
law was enforced as the true seal of the covenant between god and man. Every male child was to be
circumcised on the eight day without failure; anyone who does not comply with this law was not
considered a son of Abraham. It is still enforce today as a sacred symbol of acceptance and compliance
with the laws of the Torah. While it is impossible to list all of its use throughout history, it is clear that
this number and the deities associated with it are very ancient indeed. As we have seen, the first use of
this number in Christian religion is to be found in the story of Noah and the flood.
However, one cannot say that this is the very first time this was mentioned in religious text. We also
find this sacred number in the story of Enki and Ninmah where he fathered and devoured eight children in
the form of plants. We know that many biblical stories are echoed in Sumerian writings, and therefore it
is safe to say that this sacred number was once treasured by the Sumerian gods. Even though it is
traditionally associated with Venus, it is clearly not a singular assignment as we have shown. In all cases
we find that this star is linked to the idea of war and chaos as seen in the Tiamat and Marduk epic battle.
From what we have learnt so far, this star is a symbol of Orion and the war like deities associated with
that constellation. In Sumerian text, Antu the original goddess of Heaven who ruled along with Anu was
later replaced by Ishtar whose symbol is the eight pointed star.
Anu was the original Moon god of Eridu whose symbol is a triple horn cap or the horns of a bull.
As the chief god of the celestials he became the god of the Orion constellation, while Antu was
recognised in the star Sirius. This trend was to continue in the legends of Ishtar who assumed the role of
Queen of Heaven in Mesopotamia. Eventually this tradition continued in the various goddesses of Syria,
Canaan, Greece and ancient Rome. Yet no matter who held the title of "Queen of Heaven", the symbols
remained the same and the eight pointed star became their image among the ancient people. The
association of the number eight with Orion must therefore be understood in the sense that the god of
Saturn was also recognised as the great hero god and dragon slayer in mythology. Therefore whatever god
was worshipped as the god of Orion, whether it was Osiris, Enlil, Anu, Marduk, Nimrod, Nergal, Indra or
Zeus, they all carried the same symbols of warfare and the eight pointed star.
We have seen how the Hebrews worshipped this star during the Exodus from Egypt, and we have
learnt that this same star was worshipped as an idol in Egypt from ancient text. The Apis bull of Egypt is
said to have been the golden calf made by Aaron in Exodus: 32:4, this image was known in antiquity as
"the bull of Heaven" belonging to the Sumerian god Anu. It is mentioned in the epic of Gilgamesh and
elsewhere before appearing in Egyptian text. Anu, as we have pointed out, was the first god to rule after
the battle of Tiamat the serpentine deity as shown in art. This fact is better defined in the legends of Ophis
and Eurynome which is covered elsewhere. Since that both the Apis bull and the bull of Heaven are
associated with gods who are defined as rulers of Orion, it must be understood that the bull of Heaven is
indeed a symbol of the god of Orion and not the constellation of Taurus.
So then, when the ancients worshiped the golden calf and its star image, the eight pointed star, it is
clear that they were paying homage to the god of Saturn who held this sacred number. Hence, the symbol
of Orion the celestial bull is indeed the eight pointed star which has passed down to us through antiquity
in the form of bull worship. This is the practice spoken of in Amos: 5:26 where the Hebrews worshipped
the eight pointed star as an image of Remphan the god of Saturn. This conclusion is indeed in line with
the high regard in which Saturn is held to this day by Astrologers and other such disciplines'. It is a well
documented fact that Saturn is regarded as the harvest lord in ancient religion.
Today, the calendar of the Celtic and ancient Druids of Briton is still used in the eight yearly
celebrations of the Wiccan festivals. The eight major festivals (or "sabbats") are distinct from the Wiccan
"esbats", which are additional meetings, usually smaller celebrations or coven meetings, held on full or
new moons. These festivals follow the sun's annual path along the elliptic and are celebrated with much
mirth and merry making throughout the world. In Briton today, there are vast crowds who gather on the
Mayday festival to celebrate the renewal of the year.

The eight major festivals (or "sabbats") are listed in the table below.

Festival name Date Sun's position

North South North South
Samhain, All Hallow's Eve, All Saints' Day, All 31 Oct – 2 1 May (alt 4– ≈ ≈
Souls' Day, Last/Blood Harvest, Ancestor Night, Nov (alt 5–10 10 May) 15° 15° Taurus
Feast of the Dead, Nos Galan Gaeaf (Welsh) Nov) Scorpio
Midwinter, Yule, Cuidle, Alban Arthan, Winter 19–23 Dec 19–23 June 0° 0° Cancer
Rite, Mothers Night, Gŵyl Galan Gaeaf (Welsh) (winter (winter Capricorn
solstice) solstice)
Candlemas, Imbolc, Oimelc, Brigit, Brigid's Day, 1–2 Feb (alt 2– 1–2 Aug (alt ≈ ≈
Bride's Day, Brigantia, Gŵyl y Canhwyllau 7 Feb) 3–10 Aug) 15° 15° Leo
(Welsh) Aquarius
Vernal Equinox, Ostara, Lady Day, Earrach, Alban 19–23 Mar 19–23 Sept 0° Aries 0°
Eilir, Festival of Trees, Gŵyl Ganol y Gwanwyn (spring (spring Libra
(Welsh) equinox) equinox)
Beltane, Beltaine, May Day, Gŵyl Galan Mai 1 May (alt 4– 31 Oct – 2 ≈ ≈
(Welsh) 10 May) Nov (alt 5–10 15° Taurus 15°
Nov) Scorpio
Midsummer, Litha, Samradh, Alban Hefin, Aerra 19–23 June 19–23 Dec 0° Cancer 0°
Litha, Gŵyl Ganol yr Haf (Welsh) (summer (summer Capricorn
solstice) solstice)
Lammas, Lughnasadh (English pronunciation: 1–2 Aug (alt 1–2 Feb (alt 2– ≈ ≈
/ˈluːnəsə/), 1st Harvest, Bread Harvest, Festival of 3–10 Aug) 7 Feb) 15° Leo 15°
First Fruits, Gŵyl Galan Awst (Welsh) Aquarius
Autumnal Equinox, Mabon, Foghar, Alban Elfed, 20–24 Sept 20–23 Mar 0° Libra 0° Aries
Harvest Home, 2nd Harvest, Fruit Harvest, Wine (autumn (autumn
Harvest, Gŵyl Ganol yr Hydref (Welsh) equinox) equinox)

It is clear that the ancients not only employed the number eight in religious worship, but it was
deeply rooted in the agricultural yearly cycles that defined the common community. Both Saturn and the
Moon are associated with Orion through the agricultural aspects they share, and as such these two are
known to be associated with agricultural deities. We can therefore conclude that the Moon goddess was
also worshipped together with the god of Orion the great hunter. Almost every aspect of the old world
was dominated by the agricultural seasons, these annual cycles of planting and harvest was at the very
heart of the worship of the deities deemed responsible for the earths' bounty. The deity responsible for
bringing such bountiful harvest to man, was indeed highly favoured and honoured above the pantheon.
This can be emphasized in the worship of Ceres, the grain goddess of Syria, and Enlil, the god of
Saturn in ancient Sumer. Saturnalia was an ancient Roman festival held in honour of the deity Saturn. It
was originally held on December the 17th and expanded through to December 23rd. The holiday was
celebrated with a sacrifice at the Temple of Saturn in the Roman Forum and a public banquet, followed
by private gift-giving, continual partying, and a carnival atmosphere that overturned Roman social norms.
Gambling was permitted, and masters provided table service for their slaves. The poet Catullus called it
"the best of days." In Roman mythology, Saturn was an agricultural deity who reigned over the world in
the Golden Age. During the reign of Saturn, humans enjoyed the spontaneous bounty of the earth without
labor in a state of social egalitarianism. The revelries of Saturnalia were intended to reflect the conditions
of this lost mythical age. He was the second god to rule the celestials according to Greek mythology. The
Greek equivalent was known as the Kronia, taken from the god Kronos as Saturn was known in Greece.

Chapter IV
In The Image of God

Sumerian Religion – The Book of Genesis: The Beginning

The Dividing of the Waters – The Earthly Paradise
En.Ki and Ninmah: Man from Clay – Hybrids and Chimeras
The Meaning of Clay – The Anunnaki Gods
The Race of the Nephilim: The Sons of God
Sumerian Religion
According to Sumerians text, Anu, En.lil, and En.Ki, were the chief deities of the pantheon
worshiped at their various cities in Mesopotamia. Their offspring's included Marduk, Ninurta, Nanna-
Suen (the moon god Sin), Inanna, Iskur and a whole lot of grandchildren and other family members we
shall meet throughout this book. According to the Enûma Elish, after the slaying and division of Ti.Amat,
the Earth and its Moon were formed. The planets were giving destinies (orbits); the gods could now take
their rest in the Heavens as order was restored. The planets and constellations we see today still bear the
names of the ancient deities as they were called in ancient times. The people of the old world did not
really worship a planet as we suppose; instead they worshipped the image of the unseen god to whom the
planet was assigned. It is a known fact that our ancestors were obsessed with the mysteries of the
Heavens.
Every known race from the old world has left hundreds of records behind dealing with their own
interpretation of time. The mighty nations of India, Sumer, Babylon, Egypt and China to name a few, has
given us a rich and vast library of astronomical works. From the Chaldean astronomers we learn of the
Zodiac wheel and the many stars and constellations observed by a succession of priest stretching back
into antiquity. We have records of eclipses, the rising and setting of various stars that seems to hold
special interest to them. The many records we have today of the planets and their orbital paths around the
sun, has become a great storehouse of knowledge that is still used today by modern historians. Whether
we believe they were ignorant or not remain the opinion of modern man and his interpretation of ancient
knowledge. The planets were never worshipped as gods, but instead were assigned to various deities by
ancient man.
The unseen god was manifested in his symbol in the Heavens, and the rising and setting of such
Heavenly bodies were celebrated with animal sacrifice and prays. In the Hebrew ceremonial laws in the
books of Numbers and Deuteronomy, we have similar laws which are given by Yahweh all centred on the
cycles of the Moon. It is quite plain to see that the Hebrew culture was based on the cycles of the Moon,
as opposed to Sun cycles. Yet one would not suppose that the Moon was their god. There are many
stories of ancient cultures that believed strongly in the celestial bodies, these ancient astrologers and
priest has left behind a wealth of knowledge from which modern science has developed throughout the
ages. No greater astrologer past and present has been so celebrated as the Chaldeans. Their knowledge of
the Heavens is attested in the story of the birth of Christ in the gospel of Matthew and the much debated
Star of Bethlehem.
After the great battle between Marduk and Ti.Amat, the epic of the Enûma Elish goes on to show
the creation of Earth, and the building of the temples of the gods of Sumer where the seven chief cites
were laid out following a grid pattern. Following the celestial battle of Marduk and Ti.Amat the next act
performed by Marduk and the high gods was to form "mankind" from the blood and bones of the slain
god Kingu. They are the first to inhabit Earth and are known as the Anunnaki gods. It was their task to
build the great cities of the high gods Anu, En.Ki, and En.lil. These first inhabitants of Earth as we have
shown were known as "The black headed people" in Sumer, a term as we have seen could not be a
reference to flesh and blood mankind. It was, as we shall see in this Chapter; as a direct result of the
revolt of the Anunnaki gods, that real flesh and blood mankind was created.
When the harsh labour of the gods proved too much for them to bear, the solution was to create man
to bear the burden of the Anunnaki. Truly, mankind has been slaving on this Earth for a higher cause ever
since. But before this, we have records of a time when only the gods lived on Earth. It was a golden age
where only the gods walked the earth and fathered many offspring's, they fought, got married and
exhibited all the traits of modern man. So; were the gods some supernatural beings who had a kind of
ethereal body far removed from our Earthly flesh and blood bodies? We shall see, for as we read in the
Enûma Elish, Marduk the god of creation used the blood of the slain god Kingu to form "mankind". "The
Black headed people", as they were known in Sumer, is frequently mentioned in ancient text without any
clear reference to the meaning of this name.
Bearing in mind that Kingu was first and foremost a celestial hero god and the leader of the host of
Ti.Amat; one wonders what exactly is meant by the term; "the black headed people." What about the
Bible, can we find any evidence of the creation of man from the blood of a god, or the time before mortals
walked the Earth? The first man we are told in Genesis was created by the Elohim using "clay" to form
him from the ground. As you shall see in the Sumerian version, this was no ordinary clay, and it took the
"essence" of a god and the womb of fourteen Goddesses to bring flesh and blood mankind into being.
Before we recount the Sumerian version of the creation of Earth and mankind; it is appropriate to study in
depth, the Biblical version as written by the Hebrew priest. Let us now re-visit the Holy Bible and the
beginning of all things.

The Book of Genesis: The Beginning

Genesis Chapter I

1: In the beginning Elohim created the Heaven and the Earth.

2: And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit
of Elohim moved upon the face of the waters.
3: And Elohim said, Let there be light: and there was light.
4: And Elohim saw the light, that it was good: and Elohim divided the light from the darkness.
5: And Elohim called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning
were the first day.
6: And Elohim said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from
the waters.
7: And Elohim made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the
waters which were above the firmament: and it was so.
8: And Elohim called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
9: And Elohim said; let the waters under the Heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry
land appear, and it was so.
10: And Elohim called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he called Seas:
and Elohim saw that it was good.
11: And Elohim said; Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding
fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the Earth: and it was so.
12: And the earth brought forth grass and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit,
whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and Elohim saw that it was good.
13: And the evening and the morning were the third day.
14: And Elohim said; let there be lights in the firmament of the Heaven to divide the day from the night;
and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:
15: And let them be for lights in the firmament of the Heaven to give light upon the Earth: and it was so.
16: And Elohim made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the
night: he made the stars also.
17: And Elohim set them in the firmament of the Heaven to give light upon the Earth,
18: And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and Elohim
saw that it was good.
19: And the evening and the morning were the fourth day.

From the opening lines of this creation story, some have mistakenly labelled the seven day week as
a literal week as we know it today. However the billions of stars and galaxies were not formed in a single
24 hr day, but rather through long ages. We can employ modern science today to understand the birth of
stars and planets. The age of the universe is said to be over four billion years old according to modern
scientific dating. Stars, galaxies and planets take many millions of years to form and die. Today our
galaxy is still showing signs of turmoil as stars are born and die. Although the Hebrew priest does not
state the fact that the universe evolved through time, we have today at our disposal, tools by which we
could measure the light of stars. Our galaxy is only one in a million among others that are constantly
expanding, so it is impossible to assume from the above lines that the great expanse of the universe
simply materialized in an instant. In the Enûma Elish, we have a true picture of the formation of the
universe through countless ages. The Hebrew priest on the other hand, seems to imply a universe that was
instantaneous, rather than one that formed through ages of chaos as the great luminaries and galaxies were
formed. From the Enuma Elish we read these lines concerning the formation of the universe:

“When on high the Heavens had not been named, firm ground below had not been called by name.
Naught but primordial Apsû their begetter, Mu.Mu and Ti.Amat; she who bore them all, their waters co-
mingling as a single body. No reed hut had been matted; no marsh land had appeared when no gods
whatsoever had been brought into being”.

This picture of the primordial ages of chaos in the emptiness of space is a more accurate depiction
of the way the universe began. We read later in the Genesis story that the Earth indeed experienced long
ages of chaos. The biblical text states that the Earth was void and dark for many ages, the above text is
echoed in Genesis where we find that the entire Earth was submerged under a vast sea. Both creation texts
categorically states that the waters of Heaven and Earth were "co-mingled", the joining of the waters of
Heaven and Earth is said to have been separated by a supreme god. This emptiness and the deep cold
darkness that enveloped the planet, is the same as that of outer space as witnessed today on deep space
probes. Space is the place where the Earth and all the planets originated as we know; the Hebrew priest
has applied this chaotic time to the Earth only, instead of the entire universe.
In the great temple of Angkor Watt, we have an image of the primordial waters of space been
churned by the great serpent of chaos. It was, as ancient legends states, the churning of the celestial
waters that brought the planetary gods into being. This is a theme you will find in numerous legends of
creation, when nothing but the primordial spirit of chaos exited. This spirit of chaos has always been
recognized as the female principle in creation myths. As such, she is the primeval dragon who gave birth
to gods and man, her spirit was said to reside in the great celestial sea. It was from this eternal sea that all
life in Heaven and Earth originated according to myth; hence mankind too was to become the "Sons of
the Dragon". A term you will find especially among the Emperors of China. Most people have rejected
this arrangement of time as set out in Genesis Chapter One.
The text shows that it was on the fourth day that the Sun and Moon were created. These two great
luminaries are the architects of our seasons and division of time, and are therefore important for
measuring time on earth and celestial cycles. The changes of day and night and life for that matter,
depends on these two important Heavenly bodies. So what are we in this scientific age of knowledge, to
make of the statement that "three days" passed before the Sun was created? Has the Hebrew priest made a
great mistake or have we erred in our scientific knowledge? Needless to say, this scenario does not appear
in any other creation story except the Hebrew Bible. In verses 3-5 we are told that a mysterious light
shone in the Heavens on the very first day of the creation week before the great lights of the firmament,
including the sun, were created on the fourth day of the week.
The mysterious light that appeared for the first time in the creation of the world as stated in
Genesis: 1:3-5, could not have been the sun that was later said to have been created on the fourth day of
the creation week. Unless we completely reject the order in which the creation week is arranged, one is
indeed mystified as to how this light could appear on day one of the creation week, when the sun and the
other luminaries are said to have been created on the fourth day. If then this was not the light of the sun as
the arrangement of the Genesis week implies, then surely other celestial bodies must have been present in
our galaxy before our Sun and Moon were created on the fourth cycle of the creation week. It is a mystery
to most readers of the Bible as to where the light came from on the very first day of creation, when the
true light of our universe did not appear until the fourth day.
Yet the answer to this question is not very hard to understand, for in the opening verse of Genesis,
we are told that "In the beginning God made Heaven and Earth". Now this might look like a simple
statement to unlearnt Christians and people who do not study astronomy and such science, but in this very
sentence we have a wealth of information that defies science and the modern laws of gravity. What does it
mean that God created the "Heavens", what exactly is meant by this word? Many people will no doubt
answer that it's the wide expanse above us, but as we all know this is just an illusion, for the sky above is
not really a "blue Heaven", but rather endless space in which our solar system resides as one of billions. If
then the "Heavens" that was created by God is home to billions of planets, constellations, orbiting bodies
such as comets and asteroids, not to mention billions of stars, does it not mean that light existed in some
form other than the sun before it was formed on the fourth day of creation?
Nowhere does the text say that God formed all the planets and stars on the fourth day, therefore we
can assume that the gradual formation of the universe did take eons which is here stated as been a "week".
The next act of God is similar to that performed by En.lil as god of the firmament in the Sumerian text,
and since this concerns a movement that caused a separation of Heaven and Earth; one must indeed look
for an object that can cause such a separation. One of the fundamental problems with the Genesis story is
that it goes against all laws of gravity, for we now know that the sun is at the centre of our universe and
it's the gravitational pull of the sun that causes our planets to orbit around it in a band we call the zodiac.
So strong is this field of gravity that it attracts and binds other celestial bodies in a defined orbit that
needs some outside influence for that body to break free from its normal orbit.
For this reason it is difficult to imagine how night and day could exist without the sun which indeed
is needed to impart energy to the Earth, which in turn leads to the changing seasons needed for life forms
to materialize. Furthermore the concept of seasons and night and day cannot be understood unless there is
motion, meaning that the Earth, like most celestial bodies would naturally orbit around a parent star.
Therefore our Earth would have needed the Sun to create energy, life and motion from the very first day
of the so-called creation week. Concerning the light of Genesis: 1:3 we read in Habakkuk: 3:3-4 these
inspiring words of praise:

3: God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah. The Heavens were covered with
his glory, and the earth was full of his praise.
4: He was shining like the light; he had rays coming out from his hand: there his power was kept secret.

Here in a song of praise by this prophet, the god Yahweh is seen as a great light shining in the
Heavens bringing destruction and tidal waves upon the Earth as the rest of the text shows. The glory of
God seen by the prophet here is his great light covering the Heavens, and yet this was not the sun for the
glory of this God was greater than the light of the sun. Can there be any doubt in your mind as to what
god here represents? By now you should realise that all such appearances by "gods" are nothing more but
a metaphor for a celestial body of some kind. If therefore our sun did not create the first light of the world
and thereby initiate the sequence of day and night, then i suggest that the light must have been another
celestial body which existed before our present sun. Since Genesis creation "week" is just a metaphor for
eons of time, one cannot say with conviction that our present sun was the very first fiery globe to light our
skies. After all, science has assured us that this sun will turn into a supernova in the future and engulf the
present universe. Not only that but we know for a fact that there are millions of other suns in the universe,
some are even bigger than our own sun.

Dividing of the Waters

Genesis Chapter: 1: 6-9

6: And Elohim said: Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from
the waters.
7: And Elohim made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the
waters which were above the firmament: and it was so.
8: And Elohim called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
9: And Elohim said; let the waters under the Heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry
land appear, and it was so.

Here we not only have a separation of Heaven and Earth by the parting of the waters, but we have
the creation of a second Heaven where the waters above are stored and prevented from overwhelming the
earth ever again. This would imply that the waters which covered the young earth originally came down
from Heaven in a mighty flood, thereby "joining" Heaven and Earth in a watery bond. This indeed is a
mystery not easily solved; nevertheless we will seek to unravel the meaning of the second "Heaven"
created by God to act as a barrier for the flood waters above. In the Enûma Elish we read how Marduk
after slaying the celestial serpent Ti.Amat, separated her waters from that of the Earth, represented in the
epic as the head of the dragon. Since this was not a real battle between Marduk and a monster as we now
know, one wonders indeed if the Genesis story came first or was simply known from ancient times.
As we know, Marduk acquired the powers and attributes of En.lil only in the 2 nd century B.C and
the stories of En.lil and his separation of Heaven and Earth are much older than this period. This can only
mean that both the legend of En.lil and the story of the God of the Hebrews, who is the original creator
God, are very ancient indeed and most likely originate from the same source. Marduk then was simply
added as a late comer to the already old creation story. For, as we know by the time of his rule in
Babylon, the age of mankind was already many thousands of years according to the Sumerian King List
which we will meet in a later chapter. In both the Enûma Elish and Genesis, we have a peculiar text
which states that the Earth was covered with such a great volume of water that a god had to lift the waters
of Heaven from off the submerged Earth, back up to the Heavenly realms and then create a "firmament"
to separate the "waters from the waters".
What is the meaning of such a story; was the earth literally submerged under so much water that not
even a mountain was visible? The opening lines of the creation story tells us that after the creation of the
universe, Earth was simply a lifeless wasteland, no water, no vegetation, no animal or plant life, no life
whatsoever could be found anywhere on the new planet. This empty barren wasteland would remain so
for one creation "day" until suddenly water is mentioned as covering the whole planet. Needless to say no
one knows where this water originated since it was day one and the sun was three days away from birth,
therefore no heat or evaporation could have caused rain to fall on Earth. Even so it would have had to rain
unceasing for eons for rain water to cover an entire planet as big as earth.
The mystery of our water is an ongoing debate and the architects are seen as comets and asteroids,
but anyone in our modern times who have seen such celestial bodies knows that their water will not
survive the heat of the sun. Comets have been seen in our time, but not one has ever unleashed a torrent of
water on our planet, and the same goes for asteroids. If our water came from space then it must have
come from another celestial body that literally dumped its oceans onto Earth. Could this be the reason
why Heaven and Earth were considered to be "joined" together? In both the Bible and Sumerian text, we
have a submerged Earth joined to Heaven its twin, which then needed to be physically separated by a god
in order for life to be born on earth. This theme you will find in the story of En.lil, the god of the
firmament who separated Heaven and Earth in the Sumerian creation story.
Now, whereas in Genesis we have no leads as to how this was even conceived as been possible,
thanks to the Sumerian text concerning the separating of Heaven and Earth by En.lil, we have strong
evidence as to how En.lil and subsequently, the Hebrew God could have "lifted the waters of Heaven"
back into space and then create a firmament to hold back the Heavenly floods. For this to be possible we
first must know what En.lil represents, and in doing so, what the Hebrew God would also represent in this
act of separation. En.lil, as we know, was associated with the planet Saturn, and his name in Sumer is
"The Great Mountain". This then identifies him as a planet or a celestial body where he is referred to as a
"great mountain", how about the Hebrew God, was he ever considered a "mountain"? In the scriptures
this God is not actually referred to as a mountain, but there are numerous texts that refer to him as been a
God of the mountains or as a God whose dwelling is on lofty mountains both terrestrial and celestial.
The mystery of how the first flood overwhelmed the new Earth can best be understood by taking a
look at the mythology of Saturn and the gods who were traditionally associated with this planet. Today
Saturn is a well known planet on a stable orbit around our sun, but as you shall see shortly, it was from
the days of old considered to be a planet of dread, the underworld, springs, grains, war, music, healing,
prophecy and many other epithets. In mythology, Mars also shares many of the attributes of Saturn and is
also associated with En.lil and his sons. According to scientist, Mars once had oceans and flowing rivers
just like Earth, but for some reason the planet has lost these great oceans and is now only showing icecaps
at the poles. If Mars was renown throughout the ages with the attributes as we have seen so far, then
surely it must have been for a good reason.
How Mars lost its oceans is not known, but judging from the many references of Mars encountering
Earth and the nature of the gods associated with it, it would seem as though there is much more to the
myth of Mars and its relationship to Earth than is known to the common man. Could it be that Mars lost
its oceans when it became the Biblical "Heaven" that was joined to earth before it was violently
separated? If so, then the waters of "Heaven" were indeed "lifted" off the earth when Mars became
separated from Earth after a much closer encounter than anything we have seen in the past. Is this a
theory too far fetch for modern science? Perhaps so, but as you shall see, Mars was not the innocent red
planet we see today, and its association with the waters of Earth are indeed legendary. Let us read from
the ancient text concerning Mars. In an article entitled: The Greek God Apollo Reconsidered by EV
Cochrane we read thus:

"The Tree of Life, when it rises no higher than the "Mountain of Mars" is regarded as a pillar
supporting Heaven. Cirlot, Eliade, and other scholars investigating these traditions have shown that the
World Pillar can take the form of a Mountain, tree, or spring, spanning Heaven. Here it is intriguing to
note the widespread association of Heracles with sacred springs. Thus, Farnell cites Aristides and
Athenaeus to the effect that for some reason natural springs and fountains were specially consecrated to
the great hero".

This is a very interesting text indeed as the concept of a world tree is to be found throughout all
religions. It is the tree of life in Babylonia and the Bible, the world tree in Aztec religion and the
backbone of Osiris in ancient Egypt. Of special interest here is the fact that our springs were considered to
be a gift of Mars, and hence became sacred to its gods and heroes. How then, we may ask, could a hot
waterless planet become the benefactor of springs and oceans on Earth, what would cause the ancients to
suppose that our great abundance of water was a gift from Mars? Is there not a mystery concerning the
nature of Mars and its relation to Earth in ages past? This we shall now prove. First we must deal with the
story in Genesis: 1:2 where we read these words: "And the earth was without form and void; and
darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters". At face
value this line seems completely meaningless, but in this lies a great mystery.
How exactly, one may ask, did the "spirit of God move upon the face of the waters?" Bear in mind
we are not dealing with a lake or ocean but an entire submerged planet according to Genesis. Therefore
the "spirit of God" must be a metaphor for violent winds raging across the waters of Earth, not your
average hurricane, but storms that are simply unimaginable to modern man. This is made evident in the
epic of the Enûma Elish where we see Marduk accompanied by seven mighty storms and great bolts of
lightning as he attacked Ti.Amat. We are told in the Sumerian text that it was En.lil who violently
separated the two planets when he was born to Anshar and Kishar. He, as we know, is called "The Great
Mountain" and it was with a weapon of iron that he separated Heaven and Earth, iron is also the sacred
weapon of Mars as the god of war. All the evidence we have seen so far seems to point to Mars been
much more closely involved with Earth in past ages. Even if the ancients perceived Mars as been the
origin of our water, the question still arises as to whether or not another planet could be responsible for
moving volumes of water onto, or from the Earth. This text seems to imply just such a possibility as we
read thus:

"The ocean tides are produced by the action of the sun and to a larger extent by that of the moon. A body
larger than the moon or one nearer to the earth would act with greater effect. A comet with a head as
large as the earth, passing sufficiently close, would raise the waters of the oceans miles high. The slowing
down or stasis of the earth in its rotation would cause a tidal recession of water toward the poles, but the
celestial body nearby would disturb this poleward recession, drawing the water toward itself. The
traditions of many people persist that seas were torn apart and their waters heaped high and thrown
upon the continents. The Midrashim contains the following description: "The waters were piled up to the
height of sixteen hundred miles, and they could be seen by all the nations of the earth." The figure in this
sentence intends to say that the heap of water was tremendous. According to the Scriptures, the waters
climbed the mountains and stood above them, and they mounted up to the Heavens".

The text here demonstrates the possibility that close encounters with a large celestial body such as
Mars or Venus; could indeed cause the great oceans of Earth to be drawn upward towards such a large
celestial body as it passes close to our planet. In plain words the vast bodies of water on earth could be
ripped from their beds and be literally "lifted back into Heaven" as we have seen in the Bible and the epic
of Marduk. Any such close encounter will not only raise violent storms and hurricanes, but could cause
destructive earthquakes, mountain collapse as well as raising new mountains from seas and plains. The
poles could be reversed disrupting night and day, seasons would be reversed all over the world and great
tidal waves would wash away whole continents and people. This seems to be the reason why in the
Enuma Elish we have a recreation of Heaven and Earth by Marduk following the battle with Ti.Amat.
There are many legends which speak of a new creation following the close encounter of Earth with
a celestial body sometime during the Bronze Age, this is the same era when Mars and Venus are said to
have caused havoc during a close encounter with Earth. As we shall see in a later Chapter, it was the era
of the birth of Krishna amidst great celestial upheavals, and it was also the era in which the Mahabharata
was written with its detailed war of the Hindu gods. If then Mars is accepted by the ancients as been the
origin of our water, then i suggest that the "spirit of god that moved upon the face of the waters" could
indeed be a metaphor for the celestial storm which engulfed the earth after a close encounter with another
celestial body. Mars is known as the "King of the gods" in many cultures and it has been the central
theme for many ancient people.
If Mars was indeed responsible for bringing its waters to Earth, then it could have easily lift "the
waters of Heaven" off the Earth as it departed after a very close encounter as we have seen above. Besides
this, we have the Greek legends of a war in Heaven which we will fully cover in a later Chapter. In this
war we see an awefull spectacle in the Heavens when Earth gave birth to a monstrous beast that
threatened to destroy both man and gods. In The Theogony, Hesiod describes the destructive power of the
weapon wielded by Zeus as he comes to the rescue of earth and the Olympian gods.

"The life-giving earth crashed around in burning, and the vast wood crackled loud with fire all about.
(695): All the land seethed, and Ocean's streams and the unfruitful sea. The hot vapour lapped round the
earthborn Titans: flame unspeakable rose to the bright upper air: the flashing glare of the thunderstone
and lightning blinded their eyes for all that they were strong. (700) Astounding heat seized Chaos: and to
see with eyes and to hear the sound with ears it seemed even as if earth and wide Heaven above came
together; for such a mighty crash would have arisen as if earth were being hurled to ruin, and Heaven
from on high were hurling her down; (705) so great a crash was there while the gods were meeting
together in strife. Also the winds brought rumbling earthquakes and dust storms, thunder and lightning
and the lurid thunderbolt, which are the shafts of great Zeus …"

This text alone suppliers us with a wealth of information since we know that Zeus was known as the
god of Mars in many legends, rather than been the god of Jupiter to which he was assigned in some
legends. This means that the "mythological text" cited in "The Theogony", is actually describing a close
encounter with Mars or some celestial body sometime in the ancient past. As you shall see when we
review the story of Phaeton whose story is very much of the same theme, the thunder wielding god of the
Greeks eventually caused the earth to be set on fire throughout Asia and Europe when the monster
Typhon was hurled down from Heaven onto a groaning earth. The destruction of the Bronze Age is
attributed to Zeus in the Greek legends and since Mars is known to be his planet, we can now say with
clear conviction that indeed the Greek legends of destruction we read are in reality describing a long
forgotten event concerning Mars and its close encounter with earth sometime in the 3rd century B.C. We
will have much more to say concerning this event in a later Chapter.

The Earthly Paradise

1:20 And Elohim said; Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life and fowl
that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of Heaven.
1:21 And Elohim created great whales, and every living creature that moves, which the waters brought
forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and Elohim saw that it was good.
1:22 And Elohim blessed them, saying, be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let
fowl multiply in the Earth.
1:23 and the evening and the morning were the fifth day.
1:24 And Elohim said, let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping
thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so.
1:25 And Elohim made the beast of the earth after his kind and cattle after their kind, and everything that
creepeth upon the earth after his kind: and Elohim saw that it was good.

Here in this passage, we have the emergence of the verdant Earth teaming with all its great masses
of creatures after a cycle of four celestial ages. It is important to note that this abundance of life on the
new planet was a direct result of the seasons as caused by the creation of the Sun and Moon during this
important cycle. Therefore, a "day" can in no way be interpreted to mean a 24 hour time period as
believed by Christians. In the Indian literature, a day in the cycle of Brahma the god of creation is said to
be 8,640,000,000 years! This only shows you the exceedingly great cycles of time that Genesis is
referring to as been "days". The Hindu commentators have some rather enlightening definitions on the
length of a day of Brahma. The sacred cycles of the ancients were calculated as lasting for a period of
6000 earth years with cycles of 600 and 60 as intervening smaller cycles. It is a cycle made famous in the
biblical number 666, where the digits are multiplied by ten to achieve 6000, 600, and 60, (6x10, 60x10,
600x10).

In the Bhagavad-Gita: Text 17 we read: "By human calculation, a thousand ages taken together
forms the duration of Brahma's one day. And such also is the duration of his night. The duration of the
material universe is limited. It is manifested in cycles of kalpaks. A kalpa is a day of Brahma, and one day
of Brahma consists of a thousand cycles of four yugas, or ages: Satya, Treta, Dvapara and Kali. The cycle
of Satya is characterized by virtue, wisdom and religion, there being practically no ignorance and vice,
and the Yuga lasts 1,728,000 days (4800 years). In the Treta-yuga vice is introduced, and this Yuga lasts
1,296,000 days (3600 years) In the Dvapara-yuga there is an even greater decline in virtue and religion,
vice increasing, and this Yuga lasts 864,000 days (2400 years). And finally in Kali-yuga (the Yuga we
have now been experiencing over the past 5,000 years from 3102 BC) there is abundance of strife,
ignorance, and anti-religion and vice, true virtue being practically nonexistent, and this Yuga lasts
432,000 days (1200 years). The significance of this cycle is so important it cannot be under estimated, for
this most sacred cycle defines the very creation and existence of mankind. As you shall see when we
come to the life of the great Hindu god Krishna, according to one legend his divine birth in 3227 BC was
said to be after a cycle of 12,000 years, he was also the eighth Hindu god to appear on earth. This cycle
you will also find in the book of Revelations were the number of Hebrews to be sealed with the mark of
God is 12x12,000 or 144,000 souls. Every modern writer who has read the great Hindu cycles has made
the dreadful mistake of interpreting the cycles in years; this has led many to look upon the Hindu text as
been impossible. We shall return to this great cycle in another chapter.

In Kali-yuga vice increases to such a point that at the termination of the Yuga the Supreme Lord
Himself appears as the Kalki avatar vanquishes the demons, saves his devotees, and commences another
Satya-yuga. Then the process is set rolling again. These four yugas, rotating a thousand times, comprise
one day of Brahma, and the same number comprise one night. Brahma lives one hundred of such "years"
and then dies. These "hundred years" by earth calculations makes a total of 311 trillion and 40 billion
earth years. By these calculations the life of Brahma seems fantastic and interminable, but from the
viewpoint of eternity it is as brief as a lightning flash. In the Causal Ocean there are innumerable Brahmas
rising and disappearing like bubbles in the Atlantic. Brahma and his creation are all part of the material
universe, and therefore they are in constant flux.

Unlike the Christian and Hebrew concept of time, the ancient near eastern people counted great
cycles of time in two phases; there were the Heavenly cosmological cycles, and the earth cycles. The
Sumerians, like the Hindus, measured time and all units using the base number 60. From this we have the
dividing number 360 that is used when calculating and dividing Heaven and Earth cycles. This is
extremely important as we will meet the age of the world at the time of the flood, when we come to the
works of the Babylonian priest Berosus. According to him the great flood occurred at the end of a divine
cycle of 432,000 years. This number posses problems for us if we try to convert this into earth years
instead of accepting the figure quoted as a celestial cycle. We have echoes of the Sumerian cycle of
destruction in the books of Isaiah and Revelation where we find an abundance of references to sacred
cycles.
The ancient Mayas and Aztecs also have the same method of counting long cycles in extremely
large numbers. These numbers, like the Hindu numbers, poses a great problem to historians and scholars
who tend to read them as years instead of days. We can only begin to grasp the fundamental mystery
behind the numbers if we read them as Heavenly days instead of earth years, only then will the great
mystery be revealed. It is quite evident that all these numbers are multiples of 360, 120, and 60 in most
cases. This is a theme you will see repeated when we review the Sumerian King List which seems to
assign ages of up to 28,800 "years" to a single King. Not many people today would agree that the old
world only lasted for a mere 1657 years as given in Genesis. With the advent of modern science, the
technology of carbon and tree ring dating has been used extensively to show that man have been on this
planet for hundreds of thousands of years.
Recent findings of a skull in the Armenian lands has push back the boundary to a staggering three
millions years for early man in this part of the world. Besides this monumental find, we have the "out of
Africa" theory where early man is said to have originated. Concerning Human evolution we read:

"Archaic Homo sapiens evolved between 400,000 and 250,000 years ago. The dominant view among
scientists was the recent African origin of modern humans (RAO) that H. sapiens evolved in Africa and
spread across the globe, replacing populations of H. erectus and H. Neanderthalensis. Scientists
supporting the alternative hypothesis, multiregional evolution (ME), view modern humans as having
evolved as a single, widespread population from existing Homo species, particularly H. erectus. The
fossil evidence was insufficient to resolve this vigorous debate. Studies of haplogroups in Y-chromosomal
DNA and mitochondrial DNA have largely supported a recent African origin, while evidence from
nuclear genes supports a multiregional evolution. 2009 statistical analysis over available NIH data finds
evidence for ancient admixture, suggesting this may be a general feature of recent human evolution".
Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia

According to modern scientific findings, it is clear to see here in the above text that mankind has
enjoyed a very long existence on this planet. Therefore our understanding of the Genesis genealogy of
man can no longer be accepted as it is. Modern science has shown that life existed on this planet for
millions of years. This is far more than the 1657 years assigned to the old world in Genesis. New
evidence found in the evolution of animal and marine species, as well as in rocks and plants, have proven
the long ages that have passed over this planet. Indeed if one was to accept the long years given to the
patriarchs of Genesis, we will indeed be hard-pressed to accept that such civilizations could only last for
1657 years with one man living for 960 years! The long ages of man on this planet finds its echo in the
SKL (Sumerian King list) were, as you shall see, the ancient text have listed mankind as living before the
flood for 40,200 years or even 241,200 years depending on the method of calculation used.
However we may chose to view the Biblical account in light of modern discoveries, the one thing
which will remain as fact is this; the age of man before the flood is much greater than what is recorded in
Genesis. Too many factors are available today to prove that the earth has undergone massive
transformation from catastrophe and natural changes through eons of time, for us to accept the short
version of the Bible. Equally impossible is for anyone to assume that the entire world suddenly bloomed
with its trillions of herbs and vegetation all in a single day. This in itself raises the unanswerable question
as to where the seeds of all these life forms originated and was able to germinate in a single day. No
matter how we may chose to look at the creation story, there are still many questions which cannot be
answered and contrary to evolutionist and Christianity, life cannot suddenly materialise out of some
"primordial soup" or out of thin air.
Life must have a beginning somewhere, as the old game of which came first "the chicken or the
egg" clearly proves. By the sixth day of the creation week the entire globe seems to be overrun with
teaming masses of life form in vegetation and animals. This would imply seasons and a favourable
climate in all parts of the world where the only inhabitants were the millions of beast and mammals, with
fishes and birds in abundance in earths' virgin skies and water ways. None of this of course is seen in
Genesis for the story jumps from the creation to the fall of man in six days! No history of man is known
except the brief verses we can see in the first book, yet within its pages is a wealth of information
concerning industry and trade in the early world. Contrary to modern finds of the long ages of caveman
and the age of Neanderthal man, the Bible produces a short but very important history of early man.
In a later Chapter, we will explore the achievement of early man as seen in Genesis to demonstrate
that mankind indeed was a very intelligent being since his creation. The story of how early man acquired
his knowledge and industrial skills will be revealed when we come to the Chapter dealing with the
Nephilim, the offspring of the sons of god who are said to be the fallen angels in Genesis Chapter 6. We
need not look into the many theories of early man and his cave dwelling days at this time, for it is a story
that is well documented and can be found in all historical books dealing with evolution and early man.
When we review the ancient history of man in a later chapter, it will become clear that man did not start
the industrial revolution of the old world after living in dark caves for centuries. Having witness the
Biblical events of the creation week so far, it is now time to turn to the ancient sources for further reading
of the creation story.
Since the Hebrew scribes must have copied their versions from ancient records in Sumer; then to
Sumer we shall now turn for the remarkable story of the trials and errors of the first attempt to create a
Human being. As you shall see in the following stories, the Sumerian story of the creation of mankind
was not as straight forward as the creation of mankind by the Elohim of Genesis. The first attempt was
indeed performed using the mysterious "clay" we have read about in the Genesis account. This however
ended in failure until a solution was made, something which is not consistent with the Genesis account.
The Sumerian account posses a potentially damaging threat to the Biblical story, as it deviates into areas
of human genetic engineering that should not have existed at that early date in history.
Surely the ordinary man in the streets would begin to doubt the very foundations of truth as we
know it, if such teachings were made public. How was Adam and Eve really created? Can "clay" be made
into flesh and blood? And what is the meaning of "clay" in Genesis if mankind was created in the image
of God? Are we to believe that God is made from "clay"? Surely if we, modern man, are real flesh and
blood beings, and Adam is our forefather, created by the Gods in their own image, should not the Gods
too be flesh and blood? But this story has never been told by the church or the priesthood, we have been
told only that the God of Genesis created Adam from clay. When you examine this story in Genesis more
closely, you will find an even more disturbing fact. Whereas the scribes recorded that Adam was created
from the earth using clay; it simply says that Eve was made from the rib taken from him.
From what then was Eve created? By the time of Eves' creation, Adam was a fully functioning flesh
and blood human being, able to communicate with his creators, as he is seen naming all the teaming
masses of creatures on earth. It would seem then that at this point in the creation story, that clay was no
longer needed to create the second and most important human being; Eve, the mother of all living beings.
Eve then I suggests was not created from the same clay as Adam was, but from something else taken from
Adam. And it is this secret that has been denied and rejected as heresy by the church for centuries. What
exactly is meant by the word "rib"? In the following story you will meet the Goddess who bears the
epithet "lady of the rib" in ancient Sumer. It was she, who with the help of the Sumerian God En.Ki, used
a mixture of "clay", and blood taken from a slain god, in order to bring flesh and blood mankind into
being.
This mixture of "clay" and blood was then inserted into the womb of fourteen birth Goddess, and it
was from them that mankind finally emerged. What then is the secret of Genesis? Was Adam really
created using clay as we know it? Hardly so! First let us hear the story as told by the Sumerian scribes,
before we return to comment on this earth shattering revelation. There are fragmentary extracts from the
tablets dealing with the decision to create the first man. I will give the two best versions below. In the first
part, the creator god En.ki is called upon to provide a solution to the problem of ending the labour of the
gods. However the act of bringing a human slave worker into being was proving to be a major problem.
This being must be intelligent, able to talk and carry out the commands of the gods. He must also look
like them but be of a lower class, which could only mean that the newly created being could not carry all
the genes of his creators.
This new creature must therefore be a mixed being, a Lulu in the Sumerian language. Bearing in
mind that according to Genesis: 1, man was created after the beast of the field, it is not too hard to guess
where the gods would look for a female donor for the gene required to create a mixed being. The stories
you have heard about the evolution of man will now become more interesting to you. Since it was
impossible for them to create a new kind of creature that looked like them, yet not entirely one of them,
the only solution was to look for a near likeness among the animal Kingdom. You have all heard and seen
the documentaries about the missing link between man and Apes. The story of Neanderthal man has
fascinated modern man for many years. Was there such a creature that closely resembled mankind? A
creature we are told that had similar intelligence as man?
Science insists that such a creature existed in the dim past and that the cave drawings found all over
Europe are a testimony of their existence and habitat. So then; is modern man a product of a great fete of
biological engineering? Was the mysterious clay something else that was never mentioned? It would
seem to me from reading the different creation stories where man is the by product of the mixture of clay
and blood; that the clay in question is not meant to be understood as that taken from the surface of the
Earth. The clay was something much more valuable. It was something which had to be purified by the
Goddess Nin.ti (the lady of the rib), before it was inserted into the womb of a birth Goddess. Today we
don't need to look too far to find similar procedures been carried out by our doctors and scientist.
This method is known as Artificial Insemination, and it can only be carried out after the eggs and
sperm of humans or animals, are first purified and mixed in a glass cylinder. Only after the mixture has
been cultivated and binding is complete in the test tube, can the mixture be then inserted into the womb of
the mother. The rest you already know. Is the clay then not meant to mean Sperm taken from a male
donor, which is then mixed with the eggs extracted from an earthly creature and then implanted into the
womb of a birth Goddess? It would seem quite clear then, that the first Sumerian human being was
created from the Sperm of a celestial god, according to this story. The sperm was then mixed with eggs
taken from an earth creature, and cultivated in a lab in order to bind the image of the gods upon the new
creature, Man. And since these are indeed substances taken from a living creature, it means that the DNA
of both beings would be part of the newly created man.
You have read earlier in the Enûma Elish how Marduk, the creator god of that version, used the
blood of the severed "head" of Kingu, whose name signifies "Moon", in order to bring mankind into
being. I promised then I would reveal the truth behind the "head" motif. Since we now understand the
clay to be sperm taken from a celestial being according to the Sumerian creation story, there can be no
more delusions as to the meaning of "Head". It can only be the Phallus of the Moon god Kingu who was
supposedly slain for mankind. This indeed is a very ancient myth were mankind is deemed to be the
offspring of the Moon. In fact in almost every ancient culture it is the Moon god or goddess who gave
birth, or fathered the human race. In the Greek legend of the goddess Eurynome, you will find that she
gave birth to mankind by uniting with a great serpent known as Ophis.
In this legend which we have fully covered elsewhere, these two became the first gods of Olympus
before been replaced, first by Ouranos and Gaia, then by Cronos and Rhea, and finally by Zeus and Hera.
As you shall see when we review the legends of Orion, the god of this constellation is also called "Moon
Man", and in this legend Orion became the father of the gods. The original man therefore, was a product
of the Moon goddess and her serpent lover. We will have much to say about this in a later segment. Let us
now read the story of En.ki and the solution for the creation of man in this first part of a fragmented story.

En.Ki and Ninmah: The Creation of the First Man

1:26 And Elohim said: Let us make mankind in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion
over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the Earth, and over
every creeping thing that creepeth upon the Earth.
1:27 So Elohim created mankind in their own image, in the image of Elohim were they created; male and
female they brought into being.
2:21 And Elohim caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and
closed up the flesh instead thereof;
2:22 And the rib, which Elohim had taken from man, made they into a woman, and brought her unto the
man.

Among the oldest known conceptions of the creation of man are those of the Hebrews and the
Babylonians. The former is narrated in the book of Genesis, the latter forms part of the Babylonian "Epic
of Creation." According to the Biblical story, or at least according to one of its versions, man was
fashioned from clay for the purpose of ruling over all the animals. In the Babylonian myth, man was
made of the blood of one of the more troublesome gods. He was created primarily in order to serve the
gods and free them from their daily toil. According to the Sumerian poem, which antedates both the
Hebrew and the Babylonian versions by more than a millennium, man was fashioned of clay as in the
Biblical version. The purpose for which he was created, however, was to free the gods from labouring for
their sustenance, as in the Babylonian version. From "The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian
Literature" we read:

1-11: In those days, in the days when Heaven and earth were created; in those nights, in the nights when
Heaven and earth were created; in those years, in the years when the fates were determined; when the
Anuna gods were born; when the goddesses were taken in marriage; when the goddesses were distributed
in Heaven and Earth; when the goddesses ...... became pregnant and gave birth; when the gods were
obliged (to toil) ...... their food ......(to labour) for their meals; the senior gods oversaw the work, while the
minor gods were bearing the toil. The gods were digging the canals and piling up the silt in Harali. The
gods, dredging the clay, began complaining about this life.
12-23: At that time, the one of great wisdom, the creator of all the senior gods, En.Ki lay on his bed, not
waking up from his sleep, in the deep engur, in the flowing water, the place the inside of which no other
god knows. The gods said, weeping: "He is the cause of the lamenting!" Nammu, the primeval mother
who gave birth to the senior gods, took the tears of the gods to the one who lay sleeping, to the one who
did not wake up from his bed, to her son: "Are you really lying there asleep and ...... not awake? The
gods, your creatures, are smashing their tools. My son, wake up from your bed! Apply the skill deriving
from your wisdom and create a substitute…. (worker, called a Lu.Lu in some text)... for the gods so that
they can be freed from their toil!"
24-37: At the word of his mother Nammu, En.Ki rose up from his bed. In Hal-an-Kug, his room for
pondering, he slapped his thigh in annoyance. The wise and intelligent one, the prudent, of skills, the
fashioner of the design of everything brought to life birth-goddesses (?). En.Ki reached out his arm over
them and turned his attention to them. And after En.Ki, the fashioner of designs by himself had pondered
the matter, he said to his mother Nammu: "My mother, the creature you planned will really come into
existence. Impose on him the work of carrying baskets. You should knead clay from the top of the abzu;
the birth-goddesses (?) will nip off the clay and you shall bring the form into existence. Let Ninmah act as
your assistant; and let Ninimma, Cu-zi-ana, Ninmada, Ninbarag, Ninmug ... and Ninguna stand by as you
give birth. My mother, after you have decreed his fate, let Ninmah impose on him the work of carrying
baskets."
44-51: En.Ki ...... brought joy to their heart. He set a feast for his mother Nammu and for Ninmah. All the
princely birth-goddesses (?) ...... ate delicate reed (?) and bread. An, Enlil, and the lord Nudimmud
roasted holy kids. All the senior gods praised him: "O lord of wide understanding, who is as wise as you,
En.Ki, the great lord; who can equal your actions? Like a great father, you are the one who has the M.E of
deciding destinies; in fact you are the M.E."
52-55: En.Ki and Ninmah drank beer, their hearts became elated, and then Ninmah said to En.Ki: "Man's
body can be either good or bad and whether I make a fate good or bad depends on my will."
56-61: En.Ki answered Ninmah: "I will counterbalance whatever fate -- good or bad -- you happen to
decide." Ninmah took clay from the top of the Abzu in her hand and she fashioned from it first a man who
could not bend his outstretched weak hands. En.Ki looked at the man who could not bend his outstretched
weak hands, and decreed his fate: he appointed him as a servant of the King.
62-65: Second, she fashioned one who turned back (?) the light, a man with constantly opened eyes (?).
En.Ki looked at the one who turned back (?) the light, the man with constantly opened eyes (?), and
decreed his fate allotting to it the musical arts, making him as the chief ...... in the King's presence.
66-68: Third, she fashioned one with both feet broken, one with paralysed feet. En.Ki looked at the one
with both feet broken, the one with paralysed feet and ...... him for the work of ...... and the silversmith
and....... (1 ms. has instead: She fashioned one, a third one, born as an idiot. En.Ki looked at this one, the
one born as an idiot, and decreed his fate: he appointed him as a servant of the King.)
69-71: Fourth, she fashioned one who could not hold back his urine. En.Ki looked at the one who could
not hold back his urine and bathed him in enchanted water and drove out the namtar demon from his
body.
72-74: Fifth, she fashioned a woman who could not give birth. En.Ki looked at the woman who could not
give birth, and decreed her fate: he made (?) her belong to the queen's household. (1 ms. has instead: ......
as a weaver, fashioned her to belong to the queen's household.)
75-78: Sixth, she fashioned one with neither penis nor vagina on its body. En.Ki looked at the one with
neither penis nor vagina on its body and gives it the name "Nibru eunuch (?)", and decreed as its fate to
stand before the King.
79-82: Ninmah threw the pinched-off clay from her hand on the ground and a great silence fell. The great
lord En.Ki said to Ninmah: "I have decreed the fates of your creatures and given them their daily bread.
Come, now I will fashion somebody for you, and you must decree the fate of the newborn one!"

The next phase in the creation attempt of mankind by En.ki and Ninmah are of profound importance
to the true revelation of the "clay" in the Sumerian version of creation. In the above narrated attempts, all
the creatures resulted in failure as been so inferior they could not possibly function as a working human
being. The next attempt by these two creators sees them employing a totally different approach to
achieving a positive result. Here for the first time something unique is introduced to us, Semen; the
importance of this introduction should not be missed. The key factor here is how the semen is collected
from the male donor. Everyone in our modern age knows and understands the use of sperm donors, and
what we may call "sperm donor banks". Today we have modern day clinics where sperm donated by
clients are "washed," and then preserved for use when required by anyone who cannot have a child by
ordinary sexual union.
It is the harvesting of such sperm that has the greatest threat to some religious groups, for with the
"washing" or treatment of any sperm, a doctor could remove or introduce any special gene required to
produce a "designer baby" as required by the paying client. In such labs, the mixing of genes and the
manipulation of embryos offers endless possibilities to the scientist past and present. The above text
seems to imply that the first attempt to create life was only a trial run by the gods. Genesis gives us a
perfect picture of a one off perfect man from clay, but here we have a series of failed attempts in a trial
experiment that would serve as a model for what was to come next.
The next segment of the story; 83-91, states that although the result of this experiment was a human
being of a weak and defective nature, the recipient of the mixture was to be a goddess. Did the previous
failures happen because the womb that received the cultivated mixture was not a celestial deity, but that
of a female earth creature? There is a strong debate today as to the mixing of human sperm with eggs
taken from a female creature, for the purpose of creating what is known as a Hybrid creature. We will
cover this scientific work in full in a later chapter, but I will here give an extract from the Human
Fertilization and Embryology Authority. This ruling concerns the debate for mixing animal and human
DNA to produce Hybrids or Chimeras. It is very enlightening indeed as you shall see.

True Hybrids and Hybrid Embryos

2.11 When most people think of Hybrids or Chimeras, they don't think of Cytoplasmic Hybrid Embryos
created in stem cell research. Instead, they imagine the kind of half-human, half-animal monsters, like the
Minotaur, that are associated with myths and legends. In real life, the hybrid creatures that we are most
familiar with are mules (male donkeys crossed with female horses) and hinneys (female donkeys crossed
with male horses). These are the only two species which are genetically similar enough to produce live,
though usually infertile, offspring when they mate. Any attempt to create a living hybrid from two
closely-related species would be extremely unlikely to even produce a viable pregnancy.
2.12 In the laboratory, it might be possible to create hybrid embryos for research by mixing the eggs and
sperm (known collectively as gametes) of different species. These embryos would be different from
Cytoplasmic Hybrid Embryos in that they would have an equal amount of DNA from the two species
from which eggs and sperm are obtained.
2.13 Following discussions with scientists, we understand that such embryos would be very unlikely to
develop beyond fertilization, unless they were from two closely related species, such as humans and non-
human primates. None of the scientists that we consulted could see a purpose for carrying out such
research using human gametes, which is banned under the current legislation.
2.14 Another type of hybrid embryo could be created by inserting animal genes into an early embryo.
This kind of hybrid embryo, called a Transgenic Human Embryo, would be different from a Cytoplasmic
hybrid embryo because the animal DNA could contain genes which have a function in the embryo.
Transgenic animals are already created by inserting human genes into animal embryos. This is usually
done so that the resulting animal will produce human products (such as proteins which cause blood to
clot) for use in medicines. However, no animal genes have ever been inserted into human embryos.

Chimeras and Chimera Embryos

2.15 A Chimera is an animal or human which contains cells from a different animal or human. In normal
conception, the genetic information from the father and the mother combine to create an individual with a
new and unique Genome. Every cell in that individual's body is made up of the same genetic information.
By contrast, a Chimera contains some cells which have different genetic information. Strictly speaking,
anyone who has undergone any kind of transplant or a blood transfusion is a chimera because their body
contains cells from a donor.
2.16 These kinds of chimeras are created during adulthood, whenever the transplant occurs. The other
kind of chimera is created at the embryonic stage, when one or more cells from a different animal or
human are introduced into the early embryo. Unlike a hybrid embryo, which is created by mixing the
genes of another species, a chimera embryo contains cells from another species. As a result, a chimera has
two different kinds of cells: some which derive from one species and some which derive from another
(known as a mosaic). By contrast, a hybrid embryo contains cells which are all the same but which are a
genetic combination of two different species.
2.17 There are two kinds of chimera embryos which could be created for research. The first is an animal
chimera embryo, created by inserting human cells into an animal embryo. This kind of research, because
it is carried out on animal embryos, is licensed by the Home Office and is therefore not within the
HFEA's influence.

This modern experiment into stem cell research, and the genetic engineering of embryos to produce
mixed creatures for scientific research, is nothing new as you have seen above in the case of En.Ki and
Ninmah. Modern man is surely following in the footsteps of the Gods who created him.

The Meaning of Clay

83-91: En.Ki devised a shape with head ... and mouth in its middle, and said to Ninmah: "Pour
Ejaculated Semen into a woman's womb and the woman will give birth to the semen of her womb."
Ninmah stood by for the newborn ....... and the woman brought forth ...... in the midst....... In return (?),
this was Umul. Its head was afflicted, its place of ...... was afflicted, its eyes were afflicted, its neck was
afflicted. It could hardly breathe, its ribs were shaky, its lungs were afflicted, its heart was afflicted, and
its bowels were afflicted. With its hand and its lolling head it could not put bread into its mouth; its spine
and head were dislocated. The weak hips and the shaky feet could not carry (?) it on the field -- En.Ki
fashioned it in this way.
92-101: En.Ki said to Ninmah: "For your creatures I have decreed a fate, I have given them their daily
bread. Now, you should decree a fate for my creature; give him his daily bread too." Ninmah looked at
Umul and turned to him. She went nearer to Umul asked him questions but he could not speak. She
offered him bread to eat but he could not reach out for it. He could not lie on ......., he could not.......
Standing up he could not sit down, could not lie down, he could not ...... a house, he could not eat bread.
Ninmah answered En.Ki: "The man you have fashioned is neither alive nor dead. He cannot support
himself."
102-111: En.Ki answered Ninmah: "I decreed a fate for the first man with the weak hands, I gave him
bread. I decreed a fate for the man who turned back (?) the light, I gave him bread. I decreed a fate for
the man with broken, paralyzed feet, I gave him bread. I decreed a fate for the man who could not hold
back his urine, I gave him bread. I decreed a fate for the woman who could not give birth, I gave her
bread. I decreed the fate for the one with neither penis nor vagina on its body, I gave it bread.

The revelation of the use of Sperm in the Sumerian creation story for a series of imperfect beings
before the true model could be achieved, would suggest that they were incapable of achieving the same
creation results as Yahweh did in Genesis. The Sumerian story of the clay used in the creation of the first
man must be seen as a metaphor for semen. The Sumerian and indeed all ancient creation stories,
reaffirms the fact that gods not only created mankind, but that they also gave birth of divine heroes by
mating with mortal woman just as it states in Genesis. Whereas Genesis states that Adam, not Eve, was
made from clay before been given the spirit of God, the Sumerian version implies that man was not
created, but rather he was a result of genetic engineering. In this legend, it was clay mixed with blood that
was used to impregnate a goddess from whom the first man was born.
Even today one cannot deny that one of the chief ingredients for creating human life is Sperm. If we
were to embrace such a doctrine showing that it was sperm and not ordinary "clay" that was used in
creating Adam and Eve, then can you imagine a theologian trying to explain where the sperm came from?
The very foundations of our faith would crumble if man was to embrace such teachings that the secret
ingredient used to create Adam was sperm from a celestial god. Another factor to consider in the creation
of Adam is the meaning of his name. This, we are told, signifies "red clay". This indeed is another
mystery as it would suggest that Adam acquired his name, "Red Man" form the material used to create
him. One indeed is left to ponder if "red clay" is not a metaphor for "red blood" that was used to create
him in the image of the Elohim. This surely is a debate that one must address in his own mind, but
judging from the meaning of his name, and the Sumerian use of clay mixed with blood, the truth is not
hard to guess.
The Anunnaki Gods
Throughout the ancient world, one will find numerous stories of gods and heroes. From the divine
race of the Titan gods of Greek lore, to the myriad of gods mentioned in the Hindu Vedas. The history of
Egypt is replete with such myths and legends of the gods who came before Menes. According to their
legends, which we have fully covered elsewhere, gods and heroes reigned over Egypt for over twenty
thousand years ending in the 3rd millennia BC. Yet one is tempted to ask, "Who were these divine heroes
and gods?". To the ancients these were no mythical beings living on a fairytale planet, but instead, these
immortal beings were the first inhabitants of our world. It was as a direct result of their habitation on
earth that mankind was created according to ancient text. This affirmation can be found in the writings of
the Mayan people and the history of the gods of Tiwanaku.
Besides the myriad of legends from the ancient world, we find a group of celestial beings in the
Bible commonly referred to as the sons of god. Now, this definition has been a source of controversy
among many secular groups, as they are at once defined as Angels by traditional Christians, whereas
others claim that they are gods or god-like beings. The problem with identifying celestial beings, is that
we don’t know for sure exactly what or who they are suppose to be. Throughout history, there has been
many "sons of god" in various cultures around the world. In the Hebrew language they are simply
referred to as Elohim. This, we are told, is a plural name and shows that they are indeed a collective group
of divine beings. In some Bibles they are the celestial beings who created mankind in their own image,
according to the book of Genesis.
Other Bible writers have chosen to place the creation of man as the act of a sole deity known simply
as God or El in some translations. The translation of the ancient text into modern language has posed a
challenge for many Christians and none believers alike. The question that one is left to answer then is,
"Who are the Elohim of Genesis?". This question is by no means a simple one to answer, and indeed one
may well be accused of heresy when giving an opinion. The importance of this question is of extreme
value in our quest for the truth about mankind's origin and his destiny. We have argued elsewhere that the
Adam was not created from ordinary clay as we are told, but rather from the sperm of a divine being and
the eggs of an earth creature. In our argument we determined that it was the Elohim, or, sons of god, who
actually created mankind in their own image as stated in Genesis.
If then, we were created to look like them, then certainly we must have bodies that are similar to
theirs. Although this might seem too controversial to some, one must remember that these deities lived
right here on planet earth before mankind was created. Does this mean that celestial beings are capable of
existing in another realm besides a spiritual Heaven? In almost every culture including the Hebrew
people, one will find numerous references to divine beings actually partaking in human endeavours. This
story you will find readily in the Bible on many occasions, and also throughout the ancient world in
various text. In a previous section we have discussed the fact that mankind was only created on the sixth
biblical "day" according to Genesis. We now know that the biblical week is not a reference to our seven
day week, but rather an undetermined epoch that passed on earth during this period.
Therefore, when the book of Genesis states that the Adam was created on the sixth creation day,
one must understand that five such "days" had already passed before his creation. Who then were the
inhabitants of a world devoid of mortal man? This question cannot be answered in the book of Genesis
unless we admit that the sons of god actually walked this earth before deciding to create a being that
looked like them. Although this might be hard for some to accept, this is a theme to be found in all
ancient cultures from Mesopotamia to the jungles of South America. The ancient Egyptians certainly had
no problem in recognising and accepting divine beings living among them.
Their history is full of such legends of gods dwelling on earth long before mortals were created.
The ancient Greeks refer to these deities as Titans, and, according to their legends, they were the first
gods to dwell on earth having been fathered by Ouranos and his consort. The Greek text is very explicit in
stating that gods from Mount Olympus were indeed the first to live on earth. Since the idea of gods and
divine heroes dwelling on earth is not a local theme, then surely one must realised that this was a
universal event that was known to many people. Since such knowledge was known throughout the world,
then surely it must have originated from a common region that was once the home of early man.

The Race of the Nephilim-The Sons of God

We have now come to the all important part in the creation story; the creation of mankind in the
image of the Elohim, and the rest of the gods from the toil of creation. In this passage alone stands the
very foundation of all religious believe and the destiny of mankind. In whose image were we created?
Throughout the Biblical epic, not once has the name of any God been mentioned, the gods here are
simply called "Elohim". A term we understand to mean; The Sons of God. This leaves an even bigger
question. For if they were indeed just Sons of a higher unseen God, one is still left wondering about their
true identity. In the Old Testament books from Genesis to Exodus, some Bibles have replaced the name
Yahweh for "The Lord". Also in the book of Genesis some versions states that man was created not by a
God, but by the Elohim; who are known elsewhere as "the sons of God", or a council of Gods.
There is also no name of any God who was worshiped by the descendants of Adam and Noah, as a
sole god. All the ancient nations had their own gods and goddesses. The ancestors of Abraham
worshipped the Moon god of Ur, Nannar Suen; better known as the god Sin. He is said to be the son of
Enlil the god who we are told carried off the planet Ki.Shar (Saturn). The Bible later refers to the fallen
sons of God as the "Nephilim" in Genesis: 6. The Nephilim were an antediluvian race (pre-flood) who are
referred to in the Bible as giants. Their descendants were the children born from the union between the
"daughters of men'', and the "Sons of God''. It is most important to note that they are also mentioned in
the Genesis account of the flood story. Their association with mankind was one of the primary
justifications that brought about the destruction of the first world.
You will find in the judgement of the fallen Watchers in the book of Enoch, that the sins of
mankind are blamed on these rebellious Watchers who are punished by God for the corruption of man.
Their post-flood descendants were also known as the children of Anak who fought with the Israelites at
Mount Hermon during the conquest of Canaan. The question of their appearance in scripture thousands of
years after the flood was supposed to have destroyed them, is one which has troubled many people.

Genesis 6:1-7: The Nephilim

1: When men began to increase in number on the earth and daughters were born to them,
2: The sons of God saw that the daughters of men were beautiful, and they married any of them they
chose.
3: Then the LORD said, "My Spirit will not contend with man forever, for he is mortal; his days will be a
hundred and twenty years."
4: The Nephilim were on the earth in those days—and also afterward—when the sons of God went to the
daughters of men and had children by them. They were the heroes of old, men of Ha.Shem.
5: The LORD saw how great man's wickedness on the earth had become, and that every inclination of the
thoughts of his heart was only evil all the time.
6: The LORD was grieved that he had made man on the Earth, and his heart was filled with pain.
7: So the LORD said, "I will wipe mankind, whom I have created, from the face of the Earth—men and
animals, and creatures that move along the ground, and birds of the air—for I am grieved that I have
made them."

From the Biblical point of view, it is unclear just who the ''Sons of God'' were, the most logical
interpretation offered by scholars, is that the Nephilim were a hybrid race between two distinct but
sexually compatible beings. Many believe the ''Sons of God'' were fallen Angels who corrupted mankind.
They are clearly distinguished from the sons and daughters of mortal man. This suggests that the ''Sons of
God'' were either not born on earth or simply righteous men as opposed to ordinary people. One can only
speculate as to the true meaning, given so little information on the subject in the Bible. But as Angels are
not classed as been flesh and blood, but instead are often referred to in the Bible as spiritual beings; they
are not likely to be reproductively compatible with humans. This overrules the argument that the "Sons of
God" were angelic beings; for we are told in the book of Matthew quite explicitly by Christ himself that
Angels cannot marry.

Mathew 22:29: Jesus answered and said unto them, ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, or the power
of God 30: For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the Angels of
God in Heaven.

Another logical interpretation for the ''Sons of God'' is that they were other created beings. From the
account of man in the book of Genesis, it is generally assumed that Adam and Eve were the only humans
created in the beginning. This assumption is not widely supported by everyone as the Bible does not
describe every person on earth. Throughout the Genesis narrative key individuals or situations are
mentioned to highlight a story. The phrase "Sons of God" found in Genesis chapter 6 is "Bene Elohim".
This term is used only a few times in Scripture, especially in the book of Job which is accepted as one of
the most ancient books of the Bible.
Job 1:6 Now there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD and
Satan came also among them
2:1 Again there was a day when the sons of God came to present themselves before the LORD, and Satan
came also among them to present himself before the LORD.
38:7 When the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted for joy?

In Genesis 6:4 it is said that the Nephilim were on the earth in those days and also afterward. This
seems to clearly imply that the Nephilim were also on the earth after the flood of Noah. Although the
Nephilim are only mentioned one other time in scripture after Genesis 6, during a false report brought
back to Moses by the explorers of Canaan, this reference would suggest that the Israelites were familiar
with the Nephilim.

Numbers 13:
30: Then Caleb silenced the people before Moses and said, "We should go up and take possession of the
land, for we can certainly do it."
31: But the men who had gone up with him said, "We can't attack those people; they are stronger than we
are."
32: And they spread among the Israelites a bad report about the land they had explored. They said, "The
land we explored devours those living in it. All the people we saw there are of great size.
33: We saw the Nephilim there (the descendants of Anak came from the Nephilim). We seemed like
grasshoppers in our own eyes, and we looked the same to them." NIV

1 Samuel 17
4: Then Goliath, a Philistine champion from Gath, came out of the Philistine ranks to face the forces of
Israel. He was a giant of a man, measuring over nine feet tall! He wore a bronze helmet and a coat of
mail that weighed 125 pounds. He also wore bronze leggings, and he slung a bronze javelin over his
back. The shaft of his spear was as heavy and thick as a weaver's beam, tipped with an iron spearhead
that weighed fifteen pounds.

The identity of the Nephilim is an important chapter in the history of man if we are to solve a long
standing mystery concerning the extra-ordinary long reign of the Kings before the flood. And indeed too,
the long ages assigned to the patriarchs of Genesis. Although Goliath did not live as long as his ancestors
before and after the flood, he nevertheless carried the genes of the Nephilim and Anakin giants who
continued to live after the flood. Scholars of all faiths are quick to denounce the long reigns of the Kings
after the flood. As you will see in the coming chapters, the Sumerian King List records long reigns of
Kings surpassing 40,000 years. The translators of the ancient records have incorrectly assumed that these
long reigns should be ascribed to one person when listing these reigns. I suggest that the long reigns
should not be confused with the measurement of time as we do today.
The long ages such as 43,200 years should instead be assigned to a dynasty of god-Kings ruling as
in the Chinese dynasty of ancient days. These long ages would seem to me, to signify only the separate
dynasties which succeeded each other rather than one King ruling for 36,000 years or more. We must also
bear in mind that the Sumerian counted these long ages in a unit of SAR, a unit of celestial time
associated not with earth, but with the mysterious planet Nibiru. The planet from which some have
assured us, the gods had descended to earth in ages passed. We will explore this claim in due course but
you can find numerous websites dedicated to the search for this planet under the name Planet X. Now that
we are familiar with the Genesis version of the Nephilim, which as you can see remains unclear, can we
find any non-biblical sources that might shed greater light on this subject?
The Book of Enoch, written during the second century B.C.E., is one of the most important non-
canonical apocryphal works, and probably had a huge influence on early Christian teachings, particularly
Gnostic beliefs. This book, although dismissed by some theologians as not been part of holy writ,
nevertheless sheds light on some very important subjects. From this book we learn of a very select group
of divine beings mentioned in the books of Daniel, known as the Watchers. The very name holds what
one may call, forbidden knowledge for mankind, for it tells the true story of the race of the Nephilim and
their fall from Heaven in the book of Genesis. These same giants were later encountered by the Israelites'
on their journey through the land of Canaan, where they met the Rephaim and the sons of Anak. This
record of the sons of the Nephilim giants in Canaan holds great interest to us as they were supposed to
have died in the flood.
Many people have wondered about the authenticity of the stories of Giants after the flood, since we
are told all the evil giants were supposedly wiped out in the great catastrophe. There are many odd and
unusual stories about the whole flood story as well as Noah and his drunkenness immediately following a
line that says he was such a righteous man. In fact many have questioned the whole story as been
unbelievable, and I have to agree with the sceptics on their unbelief. Taken as it is, the entire story of
Genesis is very difficult to understand. From the talking serpent, naked mankind, and a tree that is
capable of bestowing eternal life and divine wisdom. None of these stories seems real to a sceptic who
does not believe in god. However, the real key to understanding any ancient text is often hidden within its
many symbols and metaphors used to disguise the real meaning of the texts.
From the revelations in this chapter, it is plain to see that the real mystery of the BIRTH of mankind,
as opposed to his CREATION from "clay" is something which has its roots in ancient cultures such as
Sumer, Egypt, Hindu, and Greek. Some of the ancient texts from which the Bible was written can be
found in Sumerian legends, and many of our biblical histories can be traced back to ancient Sumer. There
can therefore be no doubt in ones' mind, that many of the ancient stories of early man found in modern
books, including the Bible, has their roots in ancient Sumer. The roots of the Hebrew race are in the land
of the Chaldeans. Their founding father Arpachshad, was a Chaldean, and the Chaldeans were the greatest
priest and astronomers of the ancient world. Many people has come to the same conclusion that the
stories we read in the Bible and many other modern text, all have their roots in ancient Sumer and can be
traced back to their origins.
Today we are rediscovering the science that was known to the ancient people who it would seem,
abused this knowledge in the worse possible way when they transgressed the boundaries of science and
divine wisdom. The fact that we in our modern day have the same potential to create mixed human and
animal species from cells and embryos is in itself extremely frightening. The Watchers of Enoch taught
mankind the forbidden knowledge of Heaven, but what kind of knowledge was this that mankind should
not partake of? Star watching and the knowledge of herbs can hardly be called forbidden, but we are told
that the knowledge that the Watchers imparted to mortal man caused them to become very corrupt and
sinful. The sinful nature of the old world must have been an act against nature and god that caused the
anger of the gods to unleash such a devastating deluge upon the old world.
As you shall see when we come to the Book of Jasher, it was indeed an act of evil committed by the
Watchers and mankind that brought the floods upon the old world. Anyone studying the writings of the
ancients would surely have seen numerous drawings of man and beast joint together to form a composite
creature. From Egypt to the eastern lands of Anatolia and Babylonia, such composite creatures abound in
ancient text. Could it be that these drawings are not what they are currently perceived to be? Many
authors and historians would be quick to assure us that this was the way the ancients portrayed their
"gods". But what if there is another hidden meaning to these seemingly "innocent" drawings of man and
beast fused together? Did the ancients indeed posses the knowledge of gene manipulation which gave
them the expertise to create a composite creature? We can in no way assume that these ancient people
were ignorant of science and the manipulation of elements and chemicals, for we have evidence of them
producing just such hybrids in Hebrew legends. One is reminded also that the ancients were very skilled
at producing many types of weapons and electrums, such metals as bronze for instance calls for
knowledge of smelting at great heat.
 Chapter IV
Mount Hermon: The Mountain of God

The Book of Enoch-The Fall of the Sons of Heaven

The Abode of the Watchers-The Sons of Anak
The Sumerian Pantheon-The Nephilim
Sirius: Lord of the Hunt-The Children of Dan

The Book of Enoch

The book of Enoch confirms the text of Genesis concerning the descent of the Nephilim where the
story is greatly extended. This ancient book gives an insight into many ancient mysteries found in the
legend of the Jews. The story of the Watchers of Heaven found in Genesis is best understood from the
extended story given in this book. It is quite clear from reading this book, that it incorporates elements of
the book of Revelation dealing with the judgment of Lucifer and his demons. Yet the book itself is of
great interest in understanding the descent of the Nephilim or Watchers. According to the book of
Genesis, after the departure of Cain, the line of Adam continued through Seth. It was from this line that
Enoch was born, and subsequently, all the great patriarchs listed in Genesis. Let us now hear from the
author of the book of Enoch.

CHAPTER VIII

1: And it came to pass when the children of men had multiplied, that in those days were born unto them
beautiful and comely daughters.
2: And the Watchers', the children of Heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another: "Come,
let us choose us wives from among the children of men and beget us children".
3: And Semjâzâ, who was their leader, said unto them: "I fear ye will not indeed agree to do this deed,
and I alone shall have to pay the penalty of a great sin".
4: And they all answered him and said: "Let us all swear an oath, and all bind us mutual imprecations
not to abandon this plan but to do this thing".
5: Then swore them all together and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it.
6: And they were in all Two Hundred who descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount
Hermon, and they called it Mount Hermon, because they had sworn and bound themselves by mutual
imprecations upon it.

Chapter IX

1: And all the others together with them took unto themselves wives, and each chose for himself one, and
they began to go in unto them and to defile themselves with them, and they taught them charms and
enchantments, and the cutting of roots, and made them acquainted with plants.
2: And they became pregnant, and they bare great giants, whose height was exceedingly great......

CHAPTER X

1: And Azâzêl taught men to make swords, and knives, and shields, and breastplates, and made known to
them the metals of the Earth and the art of working them, and bracelets, and ornaments, and the use of
antimony, and the beautifying of the eyelids, and all kinds of costly stones, and all colouring tinctures.
2: And there arose much godlessness, and they committed fornication, and they were led astray, and
became corrupt in all their ways. Semjâzâ taught enchantments, and root-cuttings, Armârôs the resolving
of enchantments.
3: Barâqîjâl, taught astrology, Kôkabêl the constellations, Ezêqêêl the knowledge of the clouds, Araqiêl
the signs of the Earth, Shamsiêl the signs of the sun, and Sariêl the course of the moon. And as men
perished, they cried, and their cry went up to Heaven . . .

Even from these opening verses of the book of Enoch, we have a ready explanation of the Nephilim
of Genesis. As Jared is the eighth son from creation in whose days the Watchers descended, this statement
in Enoch is very enlightening. As you shall see shortly, their descent marked a great turning point in the
history of mankind. Been made in the likeness of the Elohim of Genesis, mankind was to learn the
forbidden secrets of Heaven from these Watchers. It was from this time that the real corruption of
mankind began with the fall of the sons of Heaven, their judgment and that of the later corrupt race of
man would come with the great flood of Noah. From this text and that of Genesis, we can see that it was
the practice of magical rites and the worship of astral figures which became such a great sin among early
man. The turning away from the God of Genesis, for the worship of the Heavens, is a theme you will find
in later days throughout the history of mankind.
The place of descent given here as Mount Hermon is of great interest as you shall see. For this high
place which stood at the head of Dan in the division of Canaan, was no ordinary place, but is even today
regarded as one of the most enigmatic and mysterious places of the old world. The Mountain of God,
Mount Hermon, also one of the sources of the Jordan River, was revered in the past as the residence of
the gods. Today it is better known as a ski destination but to ancient man it was a place of fear and
reference where they dared not tread. As you shall see later, this mountain could well be the place of the
transfiguration of Jesus Christ found in the book of Matthew 16:18. Mount Hermon and its waters
flowing into the Jordan was said to be land of the watchers of Enoch, and so it must be understood that
the sons of Adam dwelt somewhere in the vicinity of Syria and the great temple of Baalbek.
If we should understand that Adam was not placed in a garden somewhere in the traditional region
of Armenia, but rather somewhere between the present land of Israel and Syria, then a great mystery is
about to be revealed. In the ancient world, the region of Mesopotamia could be divided into the Northern
and Southern regions for better clarification of its geography. On most ancient maps you will find the five
pre-flood cities listed as:

1: Eridu (Tell Abu Shahrain)

2: Bad-tibira (probably Tell al-Madain)
3: Larsa (Tell as-Senkereh)
4: Sippar (Tell Abu Habbah)
5: Shuruppak (also Shuruppag "the healing place", modern Tell Fara, (Al-Qādisiyyah, Iraq).

Other major cities are mentioned in the history of Sumer, such as: Kish (Tell Uheimir & Ingharra),
Uruk (Warka), and Nippur (Afak), they are all located in the southern regions. Cities such as Nineveh of
Assyria, Haran, Mari, and Aleppo in modern Syria were located in the northern regions. The two great
rivers passed through these upper regions, descending from the mountains of Turkey and Armenia to the
plains of Babylonia. This area then, which was defined as the home of the Nephilim-Watchers, is by no
means any ordinary place as we will show in the section covering this most famous mountain. The
ancient cities of Mari and Aleppo are historical in their location in Syria, as the place of worship for some
of the better known Deities of Sumer such as Ishtar and Adad. In later years, the Northern Kingdom of
Israel would suffer under the Kings of Syria, the most famous been Ben-Hadad.
Here, "Hadad" is taken to be the name of Adad the "son" of Enlil the chief god of Nippur. The
worship of Adad the storm god of Syria and the Hittites would indicate the long history of the region of
Mount Hermon, and its association with the Nephilim giants encountered during the conquest under
Joshua (Deuteronomy 3:8-11). If then the Israelites encountered the descendants of the Nephilim giants in
Canaan, thousands of years after their ancestors descended to Earth on the peaks of Mount Hermon, their
identity and the authenticity of the biblical story, and that of the book of Enoch can no longer be
questioned. The only question one needs to answer is this; how did their descendants survive to
repopulate the same region after the flood was said to have destroyed their race? This we have discussed
elsewhere where we dealt with the survivors of the ark of Noah.

The fall of the Sons of Heaven

2Enoch Chapter IX: 1.

And then Michael, Uriel, Raphael, and Gabriel looked down from Heaven and saw much blood
being shed upon the Earth, and all lawlessness being wrought upon the Earth. 2. And they said one to
another: 'The earth made without inhabitant lifts the voice of their crying up to the gates of Heaven. 3.
And now to you, the holy ones of Heaven, the souls of man make their plea, saying, "Bring our cause
before the Most High". 4. And they said to the Lord of the ages: "Lord of lords, God of gods, King of
Kings, and God of the ages, the throne of thy glory (standeth) unto all the generations of the ages, and thy
name holy and glorious and blessed unto all the ages! 5. Thou hast made all things, and power over all
things hast thou: and all things are naked and open in thy sight, and thou seest all things, and nothing can
hide itself from Thee. 6. Thou seest what Azâzêl hath done, who hath taught all unrighteousness on Earth
and revealed the eternal secrets which were (preserved) in Heaven, which men were striving to learn. 7.
And Semjâzâ, to whom thou hast given authority to bear rule over his brethrens. 8. And they have gone to
the daughters of men upon the Earth, and have slept with the women, and have defiled themselves, and
revealed to them all kinds of sins. 9. And the women have borne giants, and the whole earth has thereby
been filled with blood and unrighteousness. 10. And now, behold, the souls of those who have died are
crying and making their pleas to the gates of Heaven, and their lamentations have ascended; and cannot
cease because of the lawless deeds which are wrought on the Earth. 11. And thou knowest all things
before they come to pass, and thou seest these things and thou dost suffer them, and thou dost not say to
us what we are to do to them in regard to these.

Chapter X: 1. Then said the Most High, the Holy and Great One spake, and sent Uriel to the son of
Lamech, and said to him: 2. "Go to Noah and tell him in my name, Hide thyself, and reveal to him the end
that is approaching that the whole Earth will be destroyed, and a deluge is about to come upon the whole
Earth, and will destroy all that is on it. 3. And now instruct him that he may escape and his seed may be
preserved for all the generations of the world". 4. And again the Lord said to Raphael: 1 "Bind Azâzêl
hand and foot, and cast him into the darkness, and make an opening in the desert which is in Dûdâêl, and
cast him therein". 5. And place upon him rough and jagged rocks, and cover him with darkness, and let
him abide there forever, and cover his face that he may not see light. 6. And on the day of the great
judgment he shall be cast into the fire. And heal the Earth which the Angels have corrupted, and proclaim
the healing of the Earth, that they may heal the plague, and that all the children of men may not perish
through all the secret things that the Watchers have disclosed and have taught their sons. 7. And the
whole Earth has been corrupted through the works that were taught by Azâzêl, to him ascribe all sin". 8.
And to Gabriel said the Lord: "Proceed against the bastards and the reprobates, and against the children of
fornication; and destroy the children of the Watchers' from amongst men, send them one against the other
that they may destroy each other in battle for length of days shall they not have. 9. And no request that
they (i.e. their fathers) make of thee shall be granted unto their fathers on their behalf; for they hope to
live an eternal life, and that each one of them will live five hundred years".

The story of the Nephilim who are referred to as "the sons of God" in Genesis Chapter 6 is a subject
that has been hotly debated in many theological texts many years. No one it seems could ever find a
satisfactory solution as to just what the text means in Genesis. Since these celestial beings were not only
living among mortals, but they were able to copulate with mortal women, it cannot be assumed that they
were of a nature inferior to mortal man. Yet, their descent on Mount Hermon seems to have been with the
sole purpose of acquiring mortal wives, and producing semi-divine offspring's in their own image. This
matting between Heavenly beings and mortal women is emphasised in the many legends of Egypt,
Mesopotamia, Greece and India where their text constantly makes reference to gods matting with mortals.
The very idea that divine beings can descend from the Heavens and live among mortals is extremely
controversial in itself, muchless so their ability to mate with flesh and blood humans. Therefore the text
of Genesis is taken by some to mean that Angels somehow descended from Heaven, changed their divine
nature and then mated with mortal women. There is no easy definitive way of assessing this idea, and you
will not find any theologian or Bible school that will attempt to explain this very controversial biblical
text. Yet it is something which cannot be ignored or forgotten, for in this one text alone stands a great
mystery concerning Heavenly beings and their relationship with mortal man. The biblical definition of
Angels, who are also called sons of God, is that these celestial beings are not created from flesh and blood
as mortals are. They are known in scripture to appear before many people, some even partaking in food
offered to them as we see in the story of Abraham and the three "men". There are many theories as who
Angels really are and their function among mortal man. Concerning these celestial beings we read in one
text:

"The Bible uses the terms ‫( אלהים מלאך‬mal'akh Elohim: messenger of God), ‫( יהוה מלאך‬mal'akh
Adonia: messenger of the Lord), ‫( אלוהים בני‬b'nai Elohim: sons of God) and ‫( הקדושים‬ha-qodeshim; the
holy ones) to refer to beings traditionally interpreted as Angels. Other terms are used in later texts, such
as ‫( העליונים‬ha'elyoneem; the upper ones). Daniel is the first biblical figure to refer to individual Angels by
name. Early Christians inherited Jewish understandings of Angels. In the early stage, the Christian
concept of an angel characterized the angel as a messenger of God. Angels are creatures of good, spirits
of love, and messengers of the saviour Jesus Christ. Later we have the identification of individual angelic
messengers: Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, and Uriel. By the late fourth century, the Church Fathers agreed
that there were different categories of Angels with appropriate missions and activities assigned to them.
Some theologians had proposed that Jesus was not divine but on the level of immaterial beings
subordinate to the Trinity.

The resolution of this Trinitarian dispute included the development of doctrine about Angels. The
Angels are represented throughout the Christian Bible as a body of spiritual beings intermediate between
God and man: "You have made him (man) a little less than the Angels..." (Psalms 8:4, 5) Some Christians
believe that Angels are created beings, and use the following passage as evidence: "praise ye Him, all His
Angels: praise ye Him, all His hosts... for He spoke and they were made. He commanded and they were
created..." (Psalms 148:2-5; Colossians 1:16). The Fourth Lateran Council (1215) declared that the
Angels were created beings. The Council's decree Firmiter credimus (issued against the Albigenses)
declared that Angels were created and that man were created after them. The First Vatican Council (1869)
repeated this declaration in Dei Filius, the "Dogmatic constitution on the Catholic faith". Of note is that
the Bible describes the function of Angels as "messengers" and does not indicate when the creation of
Angels occurred.

Many Christians regard Angels as asexual and not belonging to either gender as they interpret
Matthew 22:30 in this way. Angels are on the other hand usually described as looking like male human
beings. Their names are also masculine. And although Angels have greater knowledge than men, they are
not omniscient, as Matthew 24:36 points out. Another view is that Angels are sent into this world for
testing, in the form of humans. The New Testament includes a number of interactions and conversations
between Angels and humans. For instance, three separate cases of angelic interaction deal with the births
of John the Baptist and Jesus Christ. In Luke 1:11, an angel appears to Zechariah to inform him that he
will have a child despite his old age, thus proclaiming the birth of John the Baptist. And in Luke 1:26 the
archangel Gabriel visits the Virgin Miryam in the Annunciation to foretell the birth of Jesus Christ.
Angels then proclaim the birth of Jesus in the Adoration of the shepherds in Luke 2:10. Angels also
appear later in the New Testament. In Luke 22:43 an angel comforts Jesus Christ during the Agony in the
Garden. In Matthew 28:5 an angel speaks at the empty tomb, following the resurrection of Jesus and the
rolling back of the stone by Angels. Hebrews 13:2 reminds the reader that they may "entertain Angels
unaware".

The above text indicates to us that Angels are indeed capable of assuming human forms when
appearing to mankind. In the case of Gideon as recorded in Judges: 6:11-24, the angel who appeared to
him refused to eat the food offered to him, but he sat with Gideon under an oak tree having a long
conversation with him. It is clear from his experience, and also that of Abraham in Genesis: 18:1-8 that
Angels are not only capable of appearing in human form, but that they are able to eat food prepared for
them. Since then that they are able to adopt human form whilst retaining their divine nature, one must
conclude that the Watchers or Nephilim of Genesis, are of the same class and therefore are able to change
their divine nature into that of mortals. It is impossible to imagine that Abraham and Gideon
communicated with some kind of divine spirit, rather than what appeared to be a real flesh and blood
person.
Neither Abraham nor Gideon, it would seem, could differentiate between these angelic beings and
their fellow man. Only after the angel departed in the fire of the sacrifice, did Gideon realised he was not
a mortal, and Abraham addressed his visitors as "my lords". The scripture also refers to them as "three
men", but clearly they were Angels as revealed by the text further on. If then we are to understand that
Angels who are also known as "sons of God", often appeared to people in Bible days in the form of
humans, could it be then that the Nephilim-Watchers were also of this class of divine beings who
exchanged their celestial form for that of mortals? The evidence seems to support this theory, for how
else could a celestial body mate with a mortal being, unless their bodies become the same type in
appearance and make up.
The most distinctive difference recorded between the Nephilim children and that of mortals, is their
exceeding great stature and their knowledge of Heavenly secrets. To the people of the ancient world, it
would seem that a special race of men who were larger in appearance and more intelligent than the local
population was now living among them. Whether or not they knew who they really were is a matter of
conjecture as we simply cannot determine such things. Genesis Chapter six does not reveal a great deal of
information as to where the sons of God came from, who they were, and how they came to mate with
mortal women thereby producing the giant offspring called the Nephilim. This one text alone in the Bible
has caused many controversy as it clearly shows that the race of divine beings called the "Nephilim",
were a direct result of the marriage between the fallen sons of God, and the "daughters of man".
What the Bible does not show is when these sons of God came down from Heaven, but what we can
clearly see from this text, is the fact that they were no doubt living among mortal man. The book of
Enoch states that they descended from Heaven on the peaks of Mount Hermon, the place where it is
thought Jesus was later transfigured in brilliant light before his disciples. One of the most mysterious
lines in this text is the statement that a period of 120 years would be given to man, as a result of the sin of
the sons of God marring mortal women. This too seems odd since man was flesh and blood already,
therefore the statement: "My Spirit shall not strive with man forever, because he also is flesh" cannot be
applied to Adams race since they were already flesh and blood. This statement then must be a reference to
the time span given to the race of Biblical Nephilim giants, produced by the marriage between celestial
and terrestrial beings.
The fallen sons of God and their offspring has now become flesh and blood, and therefore could not
be allowed to reign on earth for eternity. What then is the meaning of 120 years as ascribed to the fallen
sons of God and the Nephilim? The answer is found in the writings of Berosus the ancient Babylonian
priest, who compiled the history of the Kings before and after the flood. In his histories, he wrote that the
flood occurred after a period of 120 Babylonian SARS where a SAR is said to be 3600 years which give a
total of 432,000 years according to some authors. This Babylonian SAR of 3600 years was later applied
to the supposed orbit of the mysterious Planet X or Nibiru made famous by author Zachariah Sitchin.
Although this number of years for the duration of the old world given by Berosus is only fictional, we
know from ancient writings that there is a direct correlation between celestial time and time as counted on
Earth.
This numbering demands an equation where a celestial unit of time is used to define one earth year
of 360 days as the sacred year is counted. In order to calculate celestial days into earth years, I have use
the number 120 as this is the unit given to the first race of man and the Nephilim in Genesis Chapter 6.
This will give us the equation of 1 celestial day to 120 earth days, hence a celestial year of 3600 days will
be 1200 Earth years. The same number you will find in the numbering of the tribes of Israel who are
sealed in the Book of Revelations, showing a clear connection between the Babylonian SAR and the
biblical number of 1200. According to Berosus, the great flood occurred after a cycle of 120 x 3600 for a
total of 432,000 years, it is not clear where this figure originated and therefore one must conclude this to
be a fictional cycle of some unknown source.
The Bible repeatedly uses a "day" as reference to a "year", and so with this method of counting the
"days" given to the Nephilim and the fallen sons of God, a complete cycle of 120 celestial years must be
recognised as the time span mentioned in Genesis Chapter 6. The last 600 years of this cycle saw the birth
of Noah and the coming judgement in the great flood. It is therefore evident that the sinful nature of the
fallen sons of God and the Nephilim giants was a direct result of their unlawful marriage to mortal
woman, and the Heavenly secrets they are said to have revealed to mankind. We will meet their
descendants later in the conquest of Canaan by the Hebrews. The question of where the Nephilim-
Watchers originated must be sought elsewhere than the book of Genesis.
Many authors have commented on these ancient beings and their origins, but continuing from our
revelation in the book of Enoch, it is to the land of ancient Sumer we must go in order to understand the
mystery of the celestial beings that walked among mankind in ages past. The Bible is full of dire
warnings to all Christians against the doctrine of Babylon, even now that this ancient city is no longer in
existence. Why then does the Bible continue to warn us against a religion that has ceased to exist well
over 2500 years? What is the real meaning of the "mystery of Babylon? For this answer we must go back
to the very beginning of this book were we introduced the ancient gods. Throughout history, nations such
as Greece and Egypt have shown their association with Babylon and the gods who ruled in that land.
It is well known among all historians that the Egyptian and European deities are all counterparts of
the ancient gods of Sumer the first civilized city of ancient times. The very Bible confirms that the first
cities after the flood originated in Babylonia, these includes Erech, Lagash, Nineveh, Ur, Kish and others
you will find in any history book. The great hero builder of the first cities is known to all as Nimrod, we
have dedicated much to him elsewhere in this book as you shall see. This name has been very
controversial as scholars are not in agreement as to who this hero really was. From the construction of the
new cities of Mesopotamia after the flood, we learn that early man subsequently re-populated the new
lands remaining only in this general location before the tower of Babel incident.
We find later on throughout the Old Testament, such figures as Nebo, Nebuchadnezzar, Marduk,
Bel, Baal, Merodach-Baladan, and Bel-shaz'zar without understanding the true significance of their
names. The identity of these biblical figures and their true relationship with the gods of Babylonia is the
key to the identity of the Nephilim-Watchers of Genesis and the book of Enoch. We will cover this in our
segment dealing with the sons of Anak were we will review the legendary Anunnaki of ancient Sumer.
They are said to be children of Heaven who were fathered by the sky god Anu, before they too descended
to earth from the fabled planet called Nibiru, taken from the epic of the Enuma Elish detailing the battle
of Marduk and Ti.Amat.

The Abode of the Watchers

 Enoch Chapter XIII: 7.6. Then I wrote out their petition and the prayer in regard to their spirits
and their deeds individually, and in regard to their requests that they should have forgiveness and length
of days. 7. And I went off and sat down at the waters of Dan, in the land of Dan, to the south of the west
of Hermon: I read their petition till I fell asleep. 8. And behold a dream came to me, and visions fell down
upon me, and I saw visions of chastisement, and a voice came bidding me to tell it to the Sons of Heaven,
and reprimand them. 9. And when I awaked, I came unto them, and they were all sitting gathered
together, weeping in 'Abelsjâîl (*Abel-Beth-maacah), which is between Lebanon and Seneser with their
faces covered. 10. And I recounted before them all the visions which I had seen in my sleep, and I began
to speak the words of righteousness, and to reprimand the Heavenly Watchers. ('Abhel Beth Ma`akhah,
"the meadow of the house of Maacah;" A city close to Baalbek where the great temple platform still
stands)

The Hebrew tribes conquered the area of Mount Hermon the original home of the Nephilim giants
as recorded in the Bible. The strong holds of these giants are said to have been built with great walls that
were unbreachable, their legendary nature must have been quite formidable to the ordinary population as
the Israelites became very discouraged when they saw the great size of these Canaanite Nephilim giants.
Deuteronomy: 4:48: tells us that: "This land went from Aroer on the edge of the Arnon Valley to Mount
Siyon (that is, Mount Hermon)", placing their territory almost on the borders of Syria. Hittite and biblical
records support the use of Mount Hermon as a dwelling place of gods such as Baal-Gad and Baal-
Hermon. Throughout history, the legends of The Watchers have been found in Sumeria, Peru, Egypt,
Mesopotamia and Greece.
Sumerian texts repeatedly state that the Anunnaki came to Earth long before man, the Anunnaki
leaders of ancient Sumer were four great gods who are said to have ruled over mankind for thousands of
years right up to Bible times. They are well known to many historians as; Anu the chief Sky god who was
the most powerful of the gods; Enlil 'Lord of the firmament' god of Nippur the sacred city and son of
Anu; Nin.Hursag 'Lady of the Mountain', mother of the later Sumerian gods, and sister of En.lil and
En.ki; and En.Ki the god of the Abzu, magic, and freshwater. The term "Anunnaki" literally means "from
or of the sky." The Anunnaki are regarded as the Sumerian gods who descended from Heaven from planet
Nibiru in ages past.
They were the first inhabitants of Mesopotamia according to their text, and, as we have seen in the
epic of the Enuma Elish, they are said to have reigned on Earth for 40 SARS before mankind was created
by En.ki and Ninmah according to their legends. They are spoken of in the Bible as the "Anakim" and
"Anak'" or "Nefilim" (nephilum). Nefilim (Nephilum) in Hebrew means giants or "those who have
fallen". Numbers 13:22, 28 & 33; Deu 1:28, 9:2. The Watchers were a specific race of divine beings
known in Hebrew as "nun resh ayin" or "irin" meaning "those who watch" or "those who are awake",
which is translated into Greek as Egrhgoroi, Egregoris or Grigori, meaning "watchers". The early books
of the Bible mentions Heavenly beings called malochim (singular, mal'akh), although mal'akh is usually
translated "angel", its literal meaning is "messenger."
As recounted in the Dead Sea Scrolls: "In the days of Jared, two hundred Watchers descended on
Ardis, the summit of Mount Hermon, one of the triple peak of Jebel esh Sheikh (9,200 feet), in the most
northerly region of ancient Palestine. On this mountain the Watchers swear an oath and bind themselves
by mutual imprecations. It is a pact commemorated in the name given to the place of their "fall", for in
Hebrew the word Hermon, or Herem, translates as "curse". The name "Nephilim," which is translated as
"giants" in the KJV, is the Hebrew word for the fallen Angels who mated with mortal women in Genesis
6. After the Flood, Mount Hermon was still the centre of Baal/Pan worship which involved human
sacrifice. The town of Paneas is first mentioned by a Roman historian, Polivius, as a site of the battle in
200 B.C.E. between Egyptian Ptolemaic and Syrian Seleucid Greeks.
It was a site of a Greek pagan temple dedicated to Pan, a goat-footed god of music and goatherds.
The cave, known as the cave of Pan, was considered the dwelling place of Pan. The Grotto of Pan, as it
became known, was considered the abode of the shepherd god; the area became the high place of a pagan
cult which began as early as the third century before Christ. Ritual sacrifices were cast into a natural
abyss reaching the underground waters at the back of the cave. If the victims disappeared in the water, it
was a sign that the god had accepted the offering. If, however, signs of blood appeared in the nearby
spring, the sacrifice was thought to have been rejected. For centuries before Abraham's time Mount
Hermon had been venerated in connection with Baal whose worship was the leading religion of Canaan.
On most of the high peaks of the country were shrines known as high places - the higher the mountain,
the holier the sanctuary became.
As part of the worship of Pan, sacred groves were planted much as we read in the Old Testament,
and shrines erected for the worship of this pagan deity. Since Mount Hermon towered above all other
mountains in the region, it became the chief high place, the shrine of shrines. Canaanites looked to Mount
Hermon as the dwelling place of their high gods; to them it was the most sacred place beyond the bounds
of humans. It is remarkable that Hermon was anciently encompassed by a circle of temples, all facing the
summit where the gods were thought to dwell. The Cave of Pan, which dominates the foot of Mount
Hermon at Banias, was known as the passageway to Hades in Greek and Roman mythology. Reference of
this may be linked to Mt. 16:13-18 where we read:

"When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying: "Who do
men say that I the Son of man am"? And they said, some say that thou art John the Baptist: some, Elias;
and others, Jeremias, or one of the prophets. He saith unto them, "But who say ye that I am?" And Simon
Peter answered and said; "Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God". And Jesus answered and said
unto him: "Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-Jonas: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my
Father which is in Heaven. And I say also unto thee, that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my
church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it".

In countries where there were no mountains, pagans built artificial Mountains such as Pyramids and
towers for occult rituals. These high places were frequently patterned after the three peaks of Mount
Hermon, showing that the ancient legend of this been the Mountain of descent was well known after the
flood. From ancient times the mountain was a place of worship where the god Hermes or Baal-Hermon
was venerated. The oldest text concerning this cult is a treaty between the Hittites and the Amorite, Aziru,
which dates from 1350 B.C. As late as the 4th century, temples were built on the slopes of Hermon many
of whose ruins are still to be seen, among other places, on the highest summit of this ancient mountain.
The sacred mountain was the highest point in the land, the centre of the world, the gateway to revelation,
prophecy, Heavenly gifts and the moral laws received from the gods.
The Bible makes many references to Mount Hermon, where we find the mountain associated with
King Solomon, a worshipper of Baal and his consort Ashtoreth. "Come with me from Lebanon, my
spouse, with me from Lebanon: look from the top of Amana, from the top of Shenir and Hermon, from
the lions' dens, from the mountains of the leopards. - Song of Solomon 4:8. And the high places that were
before Jerusalem, which were on the right hand of the Mount of corruption, which Solomon the King of
Israel had builded for Ashtoreth the abomination of the Zidonians, and for Chemosh the abomination of
the Moabites, and for Milcom the abomination of the children of Ammon, did the King Josiah defile. - II
Kings 23:13. Mount Hermon's pagan sites are often connected to sacred Christian sites such as the Mount
of Transfiguration. Evidently Mt. Hermon was still a centre of sun worship during the time of Christ;
according to modern interpretation it was at Banias where Jesus granted Peter the keys to the Kingdom of
Heaven.
When Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity (312 AD), Palestine became a centre of
Christian pilgrimage. In the 4th and 5th century, Paneas had an important episcopacy that participated in
church councils and the city became an important focus of Christian pilgrimage. Banias Cave became a
place of Christian pilgrimage largely due to the proclamation of Peter, and the declaration of Jesus that he
will built his church on "this rock". It would seem that early pilgrims venerated the cave and the great
rock above as been sacred, not to the old deity Pan, but to Christ himself following his declaration to his
apostles in Matthew 16:13-19. The town of Caesarea Philippi or Banias had a considerable history in
Crusader times. In Medieval times (A.D.1120) the Crusaders re-built the great castle known as Nimrod's
Fort built on a mountain ridge some 1,150 feet above the gushing fountain of Pan, and called it the Castle
of Subeibeh.
The early history of the Castle of Subeibeh is unknown, but it seems to have been built many years
before the time of the Crusades. Record shows that it was captured by the Christian host in the beginning
of the twelfth century. Its position commanding the city of Banias, and the great road from the rich valley
of the Jordan to Damascus, made its possession of great strategical value. Subsequent to its capture by the
Crusaders it passed through the varied fortunes of Syrian strongholds were it was captured by Moslems,
and later by Christian invaders with each destroying, repairing, or rebuilding, as best suited their purpose.
The ancient city of Banias or Panias as it is known in Arabic is located on the 33rd degree latitude and
longitude according to the French Zero Meridian in use before the present GMT.
The 33rd degree, which is the highest degree of Scottish Rite Freemasonry, is thought to be an
allusion to Mount Hermon. Prior to the adoption in 1884 of Greenwich as the international Zero
Meridian, each country made use of its own. The French Zero Meridian is still used on the official maps
produced by the Institute Geographique National. Giovanni Domenico Cassini's meridian arc is still
marked upon French maps as the Paris Zero. Banias (Paneas), or Caesarea-Philippi, was an impressive
Greco-Roman city located near a flowing spring - one of the sources of the Jordan River, on the foothills
of the Hermon mountain. A Roman sanctuary, which included temples and ritual courtyards, was built
near the sacred grotto of the Greco-Roman God Pan. The ancient city, named after Pan, was located to the
south of the springs.
Tell Dan, which is located 4km to the west of Banias, was the earlier site of settlement from the
Early Bronze age through the Iron (Israelite) Age. The ancient city, named Leshem or Laish, covers a
large area. The springs of Banias were, even at the Canaanite period, a sacred sacrifice site that served the
Canaanite cities. The area is indeed in a fertile valley with an abundance of water flowing down from Mt
Hermon and the hills around it. A large number of families from the Israelite tribe of Dan relocated
during the 12th century B.C from the central region of Israel to the area around the Canaanite city of Laish
as recorded in the Bible. The lush grazing areas on the foothills of Mt Hermon was a perfect place for the
tribes and their livestock.
The Bible tells how 600 families from the tribe of Dan looked for a substitute for their location in
the centre of Israel, by sending five spies to the Canaanite city (Judges 18: 1-2): "...in those days the tribe
of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen
unto them among the tribes of Israel. And the children of Dan sent five men of their family from their
coasts, men of valour... to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land".
They later captured the city (Judges 8 27): "and came unto Laish, unto a people that were at quiet and
secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire". The Israelites
renamed the city after their ancestor, Dan (Joshua 19:47): "And the coast of the children of Dan was out
too little for them: therefore the children of Dan went up to fight against Leshem, and took it, and smote it
with the edge of the sword, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, and called Leshem, Dan, after the name of
Dan their father".
The Bible refers to the area near Dan as Beth Rehob (Judges 8 28) "...and it was in the valley that
lieth by Beth Rehob. And they built a city, and dwelt therein." Therefore, Banias may have been this Beth
Rehob, Hebrew for "the house of the Road". This story is also associated with a statue, which was
regarded as a powerful deity, that the Danites stole from Micah and erected in their new city, perhaps in
the cave of Banias (Judges 8 27, 30):"And they took the things which Micah had made... and the children
of Dan set up the graven image". It is interesting that Banias is associated with statues - Micah's (Israelite
period), Pan (Hellenistic period), and the Bleeding woman (Byzantine period). The fortified city of Dan,
an Israelite city, was destroyed in 734 B.C during the Assyrian conquest. Caesarea Philippi is one of the
most pleasant sites in Israel; it is located on a terrace 1,150 feet high overlooking a fertile valley.
 It is also an area scattered with the temples of ancient Syrian Baal worship. Historians have listed at
least fourteen such temples. The city was built beneath the shadow of the ancient mountain in honour of
the gods who dwelt on Mount Hermon, the sacred Mountain of Baal of Canaan, and Hermes of the
Greeks. There are several references to this area in the Old Testament. The northernmost conquest of
Joshua is described as ranging from "the Mountains of Israel and its lowlands, from Mount Halak and the
ascent to Seir, even as far as Baal-Gad in the Valley of Lebanon below Mount Hermon" (Joshua 11:17).
In a description of the nations that were left to "test" Israel we read of "the Hivites who dwelt in Mount
Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to the entrance of Hamath" (Judges 3:3). In 1Chronicles 5:23 we read
that "the children of the half-tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land. Their numbers increased from Bashan to
Baal Hermon, that is, to Senir, or Mount Hermon".
2
The cave or Grotto of Pan located at Banias is said to be the birthplace of the Greek god Pan, the
god of nature, fields, forests, mountains, flocks and shepherds. He is often said to be the son of Hermes
by one of the Greek nymphs. According to legend, his mother was so scared by his appearance that she
abandoned him at birth and Hermes introduced him to Olympus. His name is probably related to the same
root as Latin Pasco, and thus means shepherd. The cult of Pan originated in Arcadia, a pastoral region in
Greece also known for its worship of Zeus, Greek travellers who migrated to Syria and Lebanon no doubt
found the landscape similar to their homeland, and there established the worship to Pan. During the
Hellenistic period, a sanctuary was built to Pan, there are five niches hewn out of the rock to the right of
the cave, at one time they probably held statues, three of the niches bear inscriptions in Greek mentioning
Pan, Echo and Galerius (one of Pan's priests).
The original name for Caesarea Philippi was Panias (also spelt Paneas, Paneion and Paneias). The
modern name is Banias, an Arabic corruption of Panias. The Jordan River has four main sources, and the
cave at Caesarea Philippi is its' easternmost source, this alone would make the area a special place for the
Jews. 3 "This is a very fine cave in a mountain, under which there is a great cavity in the earth; and the
cavern is abrupt, and prodigiously deep, and full of water. Over it hangs a vast mountain, and under the
cavern arises the springs of the River Jordan". In Caesarea Philippi there was a great temple of white
marble built to the godhead of Caesar; it had been built by Herod the Great. At Paneas Antiochus III
defeated the Ptolemy's of Egypt in 200 BCE, thus establishing Seleucid rule in Palestine and Syria.
In 20 BCE, Augustus gave Paneas to King Herod who erected there a temple of white marble to his
patron but the city was built only later by his son Herod Philip. During the First Jewish War (66-70 CE),
Vespasian together with Titus and his army encamped there, and were entertained by King Agrippa II.
After the death of Agrippa II, Caesarea Philippi was attributed to the province of Syria, and later to
Phoenicia. The fact that so many nations later fought for possession of this area surrounding Mount
Hermon, is a testament to the sanctity attached to the whole area following the legend of the descent of
the watchers before the flood. It is not surprising then to find that the god worshipped here was the Pan,
the goat deity of Roman and Greek lore.
As you have seen above, one of the Watchers who are said to have descended on Mount Hermon
was known as Azazel. The worship of the goat god Pan here at the sacred cave, from which the gushing
waters once flowed, is best explained in the book of Leviticus 16:1-22 where the rite of the "scapegoat" is
given by God to the Levite priesthood. Some Bibles such as the KJV has replaces the name Azazel in
verse 8 for the "scapegoat", but when the original text is read, the meaning of the worship of Pan the goat
god at the cave of Banias, will become clear. Three Bible versions have kept the original text as shown
here: Leviticus 16:8

Bible in Basic English: And Aaron will make selection from the two goats by the decision of the Lord,
one goat for the Lord and one for Azazel.
Darby Bible Translation: And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats: one lot for Jehovah, and the
other lot for Azazel
English Revised Version: And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot for the LORD, and the
other lot for Azazel.
 The inclusion of such a rite in the laws of Israel involving Azazel the fallen angel of the book of
Enoch is indeed very controversial for many theologians and Christians. This rite alone would
substantiate the legend of the fall of this deity from Heaven according to the book of Enoch. There is no
explanation in Hebrew literature as to why a sin bearing goat should be released into the wilderness to
this being called Azazel. One can only assume that as the goat was given to him in the wilderness, and it
is said in the book of Enoch that he was cast out into the wilderness for his sins, that the offering of the
goat to him is a rite where the sins of Israel would be borne by his manifest form, the sin bearing goat.
Throughout history, from Babylon to Greece, goats were associated with sin offerings and certain gods
such as Cronos, Thor, Tammuz, Dionysus, and Zeus.
Of all deities associated with the goat, none other is more legendary than Zeus whose very image,
birth and early childhood is linked to the goat Amalthea. To this day he is represented in the Heavens by
the constellation Auriga and the star Capella, whose image is that of a man with a goat on his left
shoulder accompanied by two kids nearby. We will have much more to say about this later when we
return to the story of Zeus, for in him we find the very image of Ninurta the god of Assyria, the son of
Enlil, born of a she-goat. He is said to be none other than the great builder of Nineveh, Nimrod the "son
of Cush".
To better understand the biblical stories of the Nephilim and their descendants, one must first
explore the myths and mysteries surrounding an ancient people known as the Anunnaki. Their legacy can
be found today among all classical literature where they are remembered as gods and demi-gods of old. In
the next section we will therefore explore the myth of the Sumerian Anunnaki gods and their Greek
counterparts, the Titans. It is necessary to delve deep into the mysteries of these ancient demi-gods and
their legends, in order to understand the full meaning of Genesis 6:4 concerning the descent of the
watchers to our planet, and their subsequent mating with flesh and blood mortals. It was because of their
fall and the race of giants that proceeded from the union of the daughters of Adam and celestial beings,
that many false gods were worship in the ancient world. Let us now therefore reveal the mystery behind
Genesis Chapter six; it has a story to tell for all mankind.

The Sons of Anak

Numbers Chapter 13:21: So they went up, and searched the land from the wilderness of Zin unto
Rehob, as men come to 4 Hamath. 22: And they ascended by the South, and came unto Hebron; where
Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak dwelt, (now Hebron was built seven years before
Zoan in Egypt.) 23: And they came unto the brook of Eshcol, and cut down from thence a branch with
one cluster of grapes, and they bare it between two upon a staff; and they brought of the pomegranates,
and of the figs. 24: The place was called the brook Eshcol, because of the cluster of grapes which the
children of Israel cut down from thence.
The above quoted text list the city of Hebron and three Kings who are said to be the sons of Anak.
This verse in itself is just as mysterious as Genesis 6 where the sons of God are first mentioned as mating
with mortals. Immediately one is made to ask, "Who was this mysterious figure called Anak, and why is
it that he and his sons are mentioned here?" As the story of the conquest continues we see the return of
the twelve spies sent by Joshua and Moses, we hear of the terrible dread instilled in the hearts of the
people when some of the spies reported: Verse 32:

"And they brought up an evil report of the land which they had searched unto the children of Israel,
saying, The land, through which we have gone to search it, is a land that eateth up the inhabitants thereof;
and all the people that we saw in it are men of a great stature. 33: And there we saw the giants, the sons of
Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their
sight".
 The encounter of the giants in the land of Canaan was quite a shock it would seem to the ordinary
sized Israelites. This is the first time they have been mentioned since their fathers, the Nephilim, mated
with mortal women in Genesis. During the long ages following the great catastrophe that wiped out the
ancient world, the Nephilim who came down from Heaven must have been still living among mankind.
We have argued before that since no new race of man was created after the flood, the giants of Canaan
must be counted as part of the eight persons saved in the ark. If this should prove too difficult to accept,
then one must indeed concede that the Nephilim of old, once more mated with the children of Noah to
produce the giants of Canaan. However we may look at the evidence, one thing will always remain true,
and that is, Genesis chapter six has a deeper meaning than the church is willing to teach. The idea that a
celestial being could mate with mortal women is extremely hard for any modern day Christian to
comprehend.
According to the Book of Numbers, during the conquest of Canaan by the Israelites, Anak (spelt as
both ‫ ענק‬and as ‫ הענק‬depending upon the reference) was a well known figure, and a forefather of the
Anakites (Heb. Anakim) who have been considered "strong and tall," they were also said to have been a
mixed race of giant people, descendants of the Nephilim (Numbers 13:33). The use of the word
"Nephilim" in this verse describes a crossbreed of the sons of God and the daughters of man, as cited in
Genesis 6:1-2 and Genesis 6:4. The text states that Anak was a Rephaite (Deuteronomy 2:11) and a son of
Arba (Joshua 15:13). Etymologically, Anak means (long) neck. The sons of Anak are first mentioned in
Numbers 13. The Anakites are later mentioned briefly in the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua, and Judges.
In the book of Joshua, Caleb, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses into Canaan, later drove out the
descendants of Anak (his three sons) from Hebron, also called Kirjath Arba (the city of Arba). Anak is
also thought to be related to the Sumerian god En.Ki. Robert Graves, considering the relationship
between the Anakites and Philistia (Joshua 11:21, Jeremiah 47:5), identifies the Anakim with Anax, the
giant ruler of the Anactorians in Greek mythology. Anax is also a ceremonial epithet of Zeus ("Zeus
Anax") in his capacity as overlord of the Universe, including the rest of the gods. In Homer, Anax is an
archaic title, used for legendary heroes and gods rather than for contemporary Kings. The association of
Anak and his offspring with known gods such as Zeus and En.Ki, surely proves without a doubt that the
giants encountered in Canaan were indeed the descendants of the ancient Nephilim of Genesis 6:2 and the
Watchers of Enoch.
There are many theories as to what Genesis 6:2 means when it speaks of "the sons of God". Some
are willing to accept that Angels are indeed called sons of God, and so also are the stars in some places it
would seem. The other great barrier for many people is the belief that these fallen Angels are simply spirit
bodies and are therefore genderless and without the ability to copulate as mortals do. We have shown
through biblical references that Angels have been seen by many people in ancient times, not in visions as
apparitions, but face to face as mortals. Some have eaten bread with their host, whilst others have
declined. In many appearances in olden times, Angels would physically sit and converse with men who
were sometimes unaware that their guest was not from this world. The watchers of Enoch who fell from
Heaven, and the Nephilim of the Bible must be one and the same people under different names.
Whatever form they had before in Heaven, it is quite clear that they were capable of moving
between the spirit and mortal realm by inhabiting human form at will. This can be seen from text such as
the meeting between an Angel and Gideon as recorded in Judges Chapter six. No matter how we may
choose to interpret the term "sons of God", the fact remains that they produced a race of demi-gods on
earth that Yahweh did not create through Adams' race. It was the Nephilim and their descendants, the
giants, who came to rule over mankind in ancient days, and it was to these fallen Angels that ancient man
built the great monuments we see today as they have testified. Long before modern man knew of the
cosmos using sophisticated equipment, the ancient Sumerians, Egyptians and Hindu's were mapping the
skies and charting the rising and settings of stars.
The Sumerians have left us many scientific evidence of their knowledge of the stars and planets,
eclipses, great cycles, and building methods that anyone can read today. One only need look in wonder at
the great Pyramids of Egypt, the massive stone platform at Baalbek, the gigantic stones of the Inca and
Mayan structures, to name a few. Modern builders are baffled as to how the ancients hewed out dwellings
in solid rock, quarried and hoisted such massive stones such as seen at Stonehenge in England and other
places. India is a land full of marvel where one can see massive stones capping their many temples, while
some temples are beyond comprehension in their sheer beauty and geometry. Massive stone works have
been found throughout the world that simply defies human understanding, such great works cannot be
repeated today using our modern advance tools. In almost every legend told concerning these places, you
will encounter tales of heroes and giants.
To better understand the effect that the descents of the Nephilim or Watchers had on the human
population, we need to take a closer look at the legends of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Greece. Their stories
of gods and giants who came from Heaven can no longer be ignored, for with their coming to Earth, the
destiny of man was forever changed. Where there was the knowledge of the true god of Genesis, man
now had another race of celestial beings living among them. We in our modern world and scientific age
cannot begin to grasp the full impact of a celestial being living among mortals, eating the food we eat and
copulating with one of our daughters. Yet this is what the Bible shows us actually happened in days of
old. The text in Genesis 6:4 reads:

"There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto
the daughters of men, and they bore children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old,
men of renown".

This text alone reveals the fact that before the sons of God descended on Mount Hermon, according
the book of Enoch, they were already living among mortals, hence their decision to select wives from
among the local population of mortals. Now, according to the book of Genesis, it took God six "days" to
complete the universe and create mankind on the last day before his rest on the seventh "day". As we
have shown before, the concept of a 24 hour day cannot be used when dealing with celestial mysteries.
Therefore the "six days" of creation must be understood as meaning six celestial cycles of time, the
duration of which we are not privileged to know. With this in mind, we move next the fall of both the
"sons of God" and Lucifer and his host of rebellious Angels. No time frame is given for either of these
two events, but Genesis: 3 narrates the fall of man through the agency of a serpent.
This serpent, we are told, is none other than the wicked devil who fell from Heaven in ages past.
We meet him again throughout the New Testament where he confronts Jesus our Lord, and again in the
book of Revelation where he is once again waging war in Heaven. If we are to fully grasp the meaning of
Genesis three and six, we first of all must realise that the fall of both Lucifer and the "sons of God" called
the Nephilim, must have occurred in some previous age before mankind was created. If then these fallen
Angels, not the demonic host, were not of a ethereal nature in that they were somewhat akin to mortal
man who was yet to be created, then this could only mean that they possessed a body like ours in order to
live on this planet and partake of the same food as mankind now does. This might seem extremely radical
to some, but let us consider for a moment the text of Genesis: 1:26 where instead of a singular God, the
Elohim, or sons of God, declared: "Let us make man in our own image". This statement is extremely
important as it can reveal a mystery as to who the sons of God were in the book of Genesis. How exactly
God or the Elohim created mankind is clearly stated in Chapter 2:7 where we read:

"And the Lord God formed man out of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the
breathe of life; and man became a living soul".

Adam was created from dust, and transformed into flesh and blood, the image of the Elohim who
created him. The controversy of this statement cannot be overlooked, as it would imply that the sons of
God were present on Earth long before the creation of Adam and Eve. This can be understood in the great
cycles that passed before they decided to create a human being that looked like them. When the council of
the Elohim decided to create a human being, they did so by creating a man that looked like them in
appearance. He was created an intelligent being that could both communicate and exercise the
commandments of the Elohim as seen in Chapter 2:19-20. It must then be understood that the new man
must indeed bear the very image of his creators. One would not imagine the Elohim to be made from
earthly clay as Adam is said to have been made.
This then leaves us with the possibility that the Elohim, who dwelt on earth in those days, must
have had bodies similar to that of Adam and Eve, yet been of a divine celestial nature. This is the nature
of the "men" we have seen in the appearance of Angels throughout the Old Testament. There is simply no
way we could substantiate such a theory from biblical literature, but we have another creation story
concerning the deities who dwelt on earth before, and after mankind was created. The Sumerians have left
us with many texts dealing with their ancestors and the gods who walked among them in ancient times.
Although one cannot readily associate their creation story to that of Genesis, it is in the legend of their
gods that we find the possibility that indeed, their deities were celestial beings in human form.
Just like the Old Testament Angels, their gods are said to have spoken face to face with them, ate
bread, and pass laws unto them. In every known drawing from ancient Mesopotamia, you will find life
like figures of their gods that are at once very human, yet of a greater proportion than the common man.
Could it be then, that we have such confirmations as to the appearance of the biblical Elohim, in the
depictions of the Sumerian gods? The Bible clearly states that long ages passed on Earth before mankind
was created by the sons of God. Did they live on Earth in flesh and blood bodies for five celestial cycles
before finally creating humans who looked like them? The Sumerians seems to provide this answer for us,
where their gods are shown as human beings of large proportion.

The Sumerian Pantheon

An: The God of Heaven may have been the main god of the pantheon prior to 2500 BC., although his
importance gradually waned. In their mythology he was the god of the Heavens, while Enlil who is said
to have separated Heaven and Earth became the ruling god on Earth. In some text he and his spouse Ki
(earth) became the progenitors of some of the Sumerian gods. Among his children and followers were the
Anunnaki. His primary temple was in Erech from where he and his son Enlil gave various gods,
goddesses, and Kings, their Earthly regions of influence and their laws. In Sumerian mythology and later
in the religions of Assyria and Babylonia, Anu (also known as An, from Sumerian An = sky, Heaven)
was a sky-god and the chief deity, who ruled over the highest spiritual realm. He was the son of the first
pair of gods, Anshar and Kishar, and the descendant of the primordial beings Ap.Su and Ti.Amat. Anu
was described as the father of the 50 "great gods," as the god of Heaven, lord of constellations, King of
gods, and the father of spirits and demons.

He was part of the most important trinity of deities, together with Enlil and Ea (En.Ki), who
governed the spiritual Heaven, the Earth, and the waters respectively. Known as An in ancient Sumer,
Anu dates back to the beginning of Sumerian history, making him one of the oldest of the gods. Like his
Canaanite counterpart El, he was once known as the Great Bull. His original centre of worship was the
sacred city of Uruk (Erech), in the southern herding area of today's Iraq. As the patron of Kings, Anu
dwelt in the highest Heavenly regions. His attribute was the royal tiara, most times decorated with two
pairs of bull horns. His name can be translated from the Sumerian as "exalted one". The name later
became synonymous with "god," just as "El" did in the Semitic languages. He is portrayed in Sumerian
cosmogony as a dome that covered the flat earth. Outside of this dome was the primordial body of water
personified as Tiamat. As the father of many gods, the "Great Bull" Anu is portrayed in ancient
inscriptions as having several consorts. The foremost of these was Ki (earth). Ki later developed into the
Akkadian goddess Antu, who later became identified with Inanna. Anu became the local deity of Uruk,
while Enlil was worshiped as the god of Nippur, and Ea as the god of Eridu. In the astral theology of
Mesopotamia, Anu, Enlil, and Ea became the three zones of the sun's path through the sky—the Middle,
Northern, and Southern zones respectively.
Nin.Hursag (Ki, Ninmah, Nintu): Ki is likely to be the original name of the earth goddess, whose
name more often appears as Nin.Hursag (Queen of the mountains), Ninmah (the exalted lady), or Nintu
(the lady who gave birth). Most often she is considered Enlil's sister, but in some traditions she is his
spouse instead. She is said to have been created as a type of unified cosmic Mountain with Anu. They are
the children of Nammu the primordial goddess also known as Ti.Amat, their union produced Enlil
according to Sumerian text. In the early days, as Ki, she was separated from Heaven (An) and carried off
by Enlil. She later unites with Enlil and with the assistance of En.Ki the god of the Ap.Zu they produce
the world's plant and animal life. She is by far the most important deity although the male deities always
ranged higher than her. As the original creatrix of gods and men, she was the first principle of creation in
many ancient cultures, under a myriad of epithets and names. Her aspect as creatrix is best described in
the Greek legends where she is known as Gaia, Ops, and Rhea. In Greek legends she was Mother Earth
who united with the sky god Ouranos to produce the Titans. It was her children who were swallowed by
Kronos (Saturn) who was later castrated with a flint sickle by his son Zeus and four of his brothers.

These "children" of Kronos are the five legendary guardians of the cardinal points, East, West,
North and South, with the ruler of the five direction been the centre. Nammu here is the primordial waters
of space, the same as Abzu was in Sumerian text. It was from this chaotic sea that Nin.Hursag, Mother
Earth, arose along with all the other planetary gods of old. In all such myths it shows that earth was born
from a great celestial sea where she was united with the Mountain of Heaven. As we have shown, the
portion of the skies that is called "the sea" lies between the constellations of Aquarius and Orion. Here
you will find a host of water creatures, birds, and the famous River, Eridanus also known as Oceanus in
Greek literature. It was here the legend of "The fall of Phaeton" is based, where he was struck by the
thunderbolts of Zeus and fell into the River Eridanus. The epic of the Enuma Elish is also based in this
portion of the skies, the Bible, Greek, Sumerian, and other creation legends all confirm that the Earth was
once submerged under a great body of water in early days. This water was then separated by a god who
lifted parts of the water back into Heaven, thereby causing the Earth to rise from the great celestial sea. In
the Greek legends we meet with this same concept of a goddess who rose from the great celestial sea to
become Mother Earth.

In this legend she is known as Eurynome and her companion is the serpent Ophis, a name for the
constellation of Orion. This constellation along with Canis Major is well known throughout history as the
place from which the Earth is watered. As Ophis or Orion, the celestial serpent is said to have entwined
around the goddess Eurynome at the beginning of creation, legend says that together they created the host
of planetary gods and the starry host of Heaven. The Star Sirius, as Isis, is well documented in Ancient
myths as the bringer of rain as well as the scorching winds of summer. The many myths surrounding the
birth of the earth in this region of the skies, all seems to confirm that our planet may have been a part of
this constellation in ancient times. If this is so, it would explain why our planet became separated from
Heaven and the great celestial sea. This would suggest that our planet may have been situated in the
constellation of Orion, part of the great celestial sea, in the beginning of creation. Earth must therefore
have gained its current location and orbit after it became separated from Orion the serpent constellation.
You will find this in the myth of Tiamat and Marduk, in the story of Genesis, and the Greek legends
which assures us that Earth was once the wife of a great serpent in whose coils she was embraced at
creation.

To better understand this concept of the Earth and the great serpent of the celestial sea, we will here
quote from the legend of the Greek goddess Eurynome:

"Eurynome was easily the most important Goddess of Pelasgian myth. She was the Great Goddess,
Mother, Creatrix, and Ruler, called the Goddess of All Things. Eurynome was born from Chaos, and her
first work was to separate the water from the sky. When she had accomplished this, she began to dance
across the water. It was a beautiful sensual dance of creation. As she danced, she danced south, and faster
and faster she danced until a wind grew behind her. Eurynome caught this new thing, this wind, between
her hands and formed it into a great serpent. The serpent, called Ophion, watched as the Goddess danced
and danced to keep herself warm. He saw Eurynome dancing across the waves and was filled with lust.
He coiled his body around the Goddess seven times and made love to her as she danced. Impregnated by
Ophion, soon the Goddess laid the Universal Egg. Ophion wrapped his body around it seven times at
Eurynome's bidding. As it opened, the Earth spilled forth, born populated with animals and plants. At this
point the Mother ascended to Mt. Olympus and began to watch her children take shape. Eurynome was
the Titan goddess of water-meadows and pasturelands, and one of the elder Okeanides. She was the third
bride of Zeus who bore him the Charities, three goddesses of grace and beauty. Eurynome was also the
goddess of the River Neda in Arcadia, and the mother of Asopus, a nearby stream. Her name was derived
from the Greek words Eurys "wide", "broad", and nomia "pasturelands". (Here, Eurynome would
represent the Earth, while the other two brides would be Venus and the Moon).

When she ascended, the serpent Ophion followed her as her consort. She then created the Seven
Planetary Powers, putting a Titanes and a Titan over each. Theia and Hyperion were given the Sun and
the power of illumination; Phoebe and Atlas were given the Moon and the power of enchantment; Dionne
and Crius were given the planet Mars and the power of growth; Metis and Coeus were given the planet
Mercury and the power of wisdom; Themis and Eurymedon were given the planet Jupiter and the power
of law; Tethys and Oceanus were given the planet Venus and the power of love; and Rhea and Cronus
took the planet Saturn with the power of peace. If you look at each of the assignments, you will find that
they are perfectly matched. Eurynome was only one of the Goddess's names, she was also one of the
Triple goddess worshipped in many ancient cultures. The name Eurynome, "wide wandering", reveals her
status as the Earth Goddess, variously called Gaia, Rhea, Demeter, Ops, Ceres, Nin.Hursag, Nintu, and
Ninmah, among others. In Sumeria she was called the "exalted dove", or Iahu. Now, this name Iahu by
which the primordial goddess is known is of great importance as you shall see in a later segment. For in
this name alone, resides a great mystery concerning the god of Israel.

The Eurynome cult became wide spread all over the Mediterranean and was really a base for most
of the religions of that region. In the Titan cults that preceded the Olympic cults (Classical mythology),
Eurynome was the daughter of Oceanus the Titan. She was a Titanes married to the Titan Ophion. But in
this version, although Eurynome still ruled the Heavens, Ophion ruled as her equal and consort. The two
ruled together on Mt. Olympus until Cronos replaced Ophion and Rhea replaced Eurynome. This Crius or
Krios as he was known in Greece, is said to have been Aries who is represented as a ram, said to be the
father of Orion in some legends. This is very interesting in light of the fact that it is Orion who is said to
have then fathered all the host of Heaven, including planet Earth who then became his bride. It was a god
we are told, who later separated Earth from her serpent husband, Orion aka Ophion. Since Eurynome is
also said to represent the Moon in some myths, this would suggest that in this creation myth, it was Aries
or Mars as a serpent who united with the Moon goddess Eurynome. The Earth and the great host of
Heaven were then born from the union of the Moon goddess with Mars the serpent god. We will return to
this mystery later, as it holds a great secret as to why the ancient mystics all claimed to be the "sons of the
Serpent". Judging from the fact that Ophion is also known as Orion, I would suggest that Mt. Olympus
here refers to the star Sirius, the very present and faithful companion of Orion in all mythologies. Unless
the planet Mars is taken to be the ruler of Orion instead.

Enlil: Enlil's commands are by far the loftiest, his words (one ms. has instead: commands) are holy, his
utterances are immutable! The fate he decides is everlasting; his glance makes the mountains anxious, his
...... reaches (?) into the interior of the mountains. All the gods of the earth bow down to father Enlil, who
sits comfortably on the holy Dais, the lofty Dais (some mss. have instead: engur), to Nunamnir, whose
lordship and princeship are most perfect. The Anuna gods enter before him (1 ms. has instead: stand
before him) and obey his instructions faithfully. The mighty lord, the greatest in Heaven and earth, the
knowledgeable judge, the wise one of wide-ranging wisdom, has taken his seat in the Dur-an-ki, and
made the Ki-ur, the great place, resplendent with majesty. He has taken up residence in Nibru, the lofty
bond (?) between Heaven and earth.

The Prince, the Great Mountain5, father Enlil, has taken his seat on the dais of the E-kur, the lofty
shrine. No god can cause harm to the temple's divine powers. Its holy hand-washing rites are everlasting
like the Earth. Its divine powers are the divine powers of the abzu: no one can look upon them. He alone
is the prince of Heaven, the dragon of the earth. The lofty god of the Anuna himself determines the fates.
No god can look upon him. You, Enlil, are lord, god, and King. You are a judge who makes decisions
about Heaven and earth. Your lofty word is as heavy as Heaven, and there is no one who can lift it.

En.Ki: The exact meaning of Enki's name is uncertain. The common translation is "Lord of the Earth".
The Sumerian, en was a title equivalent to "lord." It was also the title given to the high priest. Ki means
"earth," but there are theories that the word in this name has another origin. The later name Ea is either
Hurrian or Semitic in origin. In Sumerian, "E-A" means "the house of water," and it has been suggested
that this was originally the name for the shrine to En.Ki at Eridu. He is the son of Nammu, the primeval
sea. Contrary to the translation of his name, En.Ki is not the lord of the Earth, but of the abzu (the watery
abyss) and of wisdom. This contradiction leads Kramer and Maier to postulate that he was once known as
En-kur, "lord of the underworld", which either contained or was contained in the Abzu. En.Ki was
considered a god of life and replenishment. He was often depicted with two streams of water emanating
from his shoulders, one the Tigris, the other the Euphrates. Alongside him were trees symbolizing the
male and female aspects of nature, each holding the male and female aspects of the "Life Essence," that
he, the alchemist of the gods, masterfully mixes to create several beings. Enki's symbols included a goat
and a fish. These later combined into a single beast, the goat of Capricorn, which became one of the signs
of the zodiac. In Sumerian astronomy he represented the planet Mercury, known for its ability to shift
rapidly, and its proximity to the Sun.

As the god of water, En.Ki had a penchant for beer, and as the god of semen he had a string of
incestuous affairs. In the epic En.Ki and Nin.Hursag, he and his consort Nin.Hursag had a daughter
named Ninsar (Lady Greenery). When Nin.Hursag left him, he had intercourse with Ninsar, who gave
birth to Ninkurra (Lady Pasture). He later had intercourse with Ninkurra, who gave birth to Uttu (Weaver
or Spider). En.Ki then attempted to seduce Uttu. She consulted Nin.Hursag, who, upset at the
promiscuous nature of her spouse, advised her to avoid the riverbanks and thus escape his advances. In
another version of this story, the seduction succeeds. Nin.Hursag then takes Enki's semen from Uttu's
womb and plants it in the earth, where seven plants rapidly germinate. En.Ki finds the plants and
immediately starts consuming their fruit. Thus, consuming his own fertile essence, he becomes pregnant,
falling ill with swellings in his jaw, his teeth, his mouth, his throat, his limbs, and his ribs. The gods are at
a loss as to what to do, since En.Ki lacks a womb with which to give birth. Nin.Hursag now relents and
takes Enki's "water" into her own body. She gives birth to the gods of healing of each part of the body.
The last one is Ninti, (Lady Rib). Ninti is given the title of the "mother of all living". This was also a title
given to the later Hurrian goddess Kheba and to the biblical Eve, who was created from the rib of Adam
in the Genesis creation story.

In the Sumerian epic Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta, an incantation is pronounced with a
mythical introduction indicating that En.Ki was the source of the world's multiplicity of languages:

Once upon a time there was no snake, there was no scorpion,

There was no hyena, there was no lion, no wild dog, no wolf,
 There was no fear, no terror. Man had no rival...
The whole universe, the people in unison to Enlil in one tongue spoke.
En.Ki, the lord of abundance whose commands are trustworthy,
The lord of wisdom, who understands the land, the leader of the gods, endowed with wisdom,
The lord of Eridu changed the speech in their mouths, brought contention into it,
Into the speech of man that (until then) had been one.

In the myth of Inanna's descent, En.Ki shows his compassion where the other gods do not. Inanna
sets out on a journey to the underworld in order to console her grieving sister Ereshkigal, who is
mourning the death of her husband Gugalana (GU = Bull, Gal=Great, Ana=Heaven), slain by the heroes
Gilgamesh and Enkidu. In case she does not return in three days, she tells her servant Ninshubur
(Nin=Lady, Shubur=Evening) to get help either from her father Anu, Enlil, or En.Ki. Myths in which Ea
figures prominently have been found in Assurbanipal's library and in the Hattusa archive in Hittite
Anatolia. As Ea, the deity had a wide influence outside of Sumeria, being associated in the Canaanite
pantheon with El (at Ugarit) and possibly Yah (at Ebla). He is also found in Hurrian and Hittite
mythology, as a god of contracts, and is particularly favorable to humankind. Among the Western
Semites it is thought that Ea was equated to the term "hyy" (Life), referring to Enki's waters as life giving.
In 1964, a team of Italian archaeologists under the direction of Paolo Matthiae of the University of Rome
La Sapienza performed a series of excavations of material from the third-millennium B.C.E. city of Ebla.
Among other conclusions, he found a tendency among the inhabitants of Ebla to replace the name of El,
King of the gods of the Canaanite pantheon, with "IA" Jean Bottero and others have suggested that IA in
this case is a West Semitic (Canaanite) way of saying Ea. Moreover, Enki's Akkadian name "Ia" (two
syllables) is declined with the Semitic ending as Iahu and may have developed into the later form of
Yahu.

Nanna Sin, Suen-Ashgir.babbar: 6 Nanna is another name for the moon god Sin. He is the product
of Enlil's rape of Ninlil. He travels across the sky in his gufa, (a small, canoe-like boat made of woven
twigs and tar), with the stars and planets about him. Nanna was the tutelary deity of Ur, appointed as King
of that city by An and Enlil. He journeyed to Nippur by boat, stopping at five cities along the way. When
he arrived at Nippur, he proffered gifts to Enlil and pleaded with him to ensure that his city of Ur would
be blessed, prosperous, and thus, not be flooded. Nanna was married to Ningal (great lady) and they
produced Inanna and Utu. He rests in the underworld every month, and there decrees the fate of the dead
as one of the seven great Anunnaki judges. He established Ur-Nammu as his mortal representative,
establishing the third Ur dynasty.

Utu: Utu is the son of Nanna and Ningal and the god of the Sun and of Justice. He goes to the
underworld at the end of every day setting in the "mountain of the west" and rising in the "mountain of
the east". While there he also decrees the fate of the dead as one of the seven great judges, although he
also may lie down to sleep at night. He is usually depicted with fiery rays coming out of his shoulders and
upper arms, and carrying a saw knife. When Inanna's Huluppu tree was infested with unwelcome guests,
he ignores her appeal for aid. He tries to set her up with Dumuzi, the shepherd, but she initially rebuffs
him, preferring the farmer. He aided Dumuzi in his flight from the galla demons by helping him to
transform into different creatures. Through Enki's orders, he also brings water up from the earth in order
to irrigate Dilmun, the garden paradise, the place where the sun rises. He is in charge of the "Land of the
Living" and, in sympathy for Gilgamesh, calls off the seven weather heroes who defend that land.

Ereshkigal: Ereshkigal is the queen of the underworld, who is either given to Kur in the underworld or
given dominion over the underworld in the prelude to "Gilgamesh, Enkidu, and the Underworld". She has
a palace there with seven gates and is due a visit by those entering Kur. She was married to Gugalana,
Sirius, the Bull of Heaven, and is Inanna's older sister. Ereshkigal (lit. "Great Lady under the Earth") was
the goddess of the underworld, in Mesopotamian mythology. One of the oldest goddesses of
Mesopotamia, she was the daughter of the chief god, "Sky father" Anu, and twin sister of the major deity
En.Ki. Ereshkigal was the sole ruler of her Kingdom, until she came to share power with the god Nergal,
who became her husband and King. Sometimes her name is given as Irkalla, which is also the name of the
Underworld itself, similar to the use of Hades in Greek mythology to refer to both the Underworld and its
ruler. The main temple dedicated to Ereshkigal was located in Cuthah.

Ereshkigal withstood an attempt by her younger "sister" Ishtar to usurp her throne in the Sumerian
hymn "The Descent of Ishtar". This myth is thought to have influenced later stories such as the Greek
story of Demeter and Persephone. The later myth "Nergal and Ereshkigal" describes her love affair and
ultimate submission to Nergal as her King. When Anu's tears—shed for his separated sister-lover Ki
(earth)—met the waters of the primeval sea goddess Nammu, Ereshkigal and her brother En.Ki (Ea) were
born. Ereshkigal was later abducted by the great dragon Kur, her half-brother, and taken to the
Underworld. En.Ki attempted to rescue her, but this realm became her abode, from which no one, not
even the gods, may return.

Although little is said about him, Ereshkigal is said to have had a mortal husband commonly named
Gugalana; great bull of Heaven, who is in all aspects another personification of Tammuz or Ninurta. His
death provided the pretext for Ishtar's visit to her in an attempt to usurp Ereshkigal's throne. With
Gugalana she supposedly had a son named Ninazu, a god of the underworld and of healing. However, in
other traditions Ninazu was the son of Enlil and Ninlil. Unlike his relative Nergal, he was generally
benevolent. Her son with Enlil was the god Namtar, Ereshkigal's vizier and messenger, who was
responsible for diseases and pests. It was said that he commanded 60 diseases in the form of demons that
could penetrate different parts of the human body. 7 She was also the mother of the goddess Nungal, the
patron deity of prisons, who chases after and punishes sinners.

Nergal (Meslamtae): Nergal is the second son of Enlil and Ninlil. He is the co-ruler of Kur with
Ereshkigal where he has a palace and is due reverence by those who visit. He holds Enkidu fast in the
underworld after Enkidu broke several taboos while trying to recover Gilgamesh's pukku and mikku. He
is more prominent in Babylonian literature and makes a brief appearance in II Kings 17:30. The Greeks
borrowed much of their astronomy, including constellations and the zodiac, from the Babylonians, and by
600 B.C.E. had already begun using Babylonian concepts in their calculations. The Greeks grafted the
names of their own gods onto the Babylonian planet list, although there was some confusion in
translation: for instance, the Babylonian Nergal was a god of war, and the Greeks, seeing this aspect of
Nergal's persona, identified him with Ares, their god of war. However, Nergal, unlike Ares, was also a
god of the dead and a god of pestilence.

Ninurta: Ninurta is Enlil's son and a warrior deity, the god of the south wind. Ninurta is called the
"Farmer of Enlil" and he is praised as the life-giving semen, the source of fertility and abundance
throughout the land: "You fill the canal, let grow the barley, you fill the pond with carp, let reed and grass
grow in the canebrake, you fill the forest with game, let the tamarisk grow in the steppe, you fill the
orchard and garden with honey and wine, cause long life to sprout in the Palace". The season begins with
the inundation of the fields in May –June and ends with the cleaning and winnowing of the freshly
harvested crops in the following April – May.

Ishkur, Hadad, Adad: (Hebrew: ‫ ;בעל הדד‬Ugaritic Haddu) was an important Northwest Semitic
storm and fertility god, identical with the Akkadian weather god Adad. Hadad is often called simply Ba‘al
(Lord) and is frequently equated with the biblical Baal, but this title is also used for other gods. As the
god of rain, thunder, and fertility, Hadad is also related to the Babylonian Marduk, the Anatolian storm-
god Teshub, the Egyptian god Set, the Greek god Zeus, and the Roman god Jupiter. In Canaanite
mythology, Hadad was one of the sons (or the grandsons) of El. He rose to the head of the pantheon by
slaying the sea-god Yam, much as the Babylonian Marduk became King of the gods by killing Ti.Amat.
He was then challenged and overcome by Mot, the god of death, but was saved and resurrected through
the intervention of his sister-lover Anat, bringing an end to a terrible drought. As the controller of storms
and bringer of rain, Hadad was both loved and feared by his people, and his propitiation was thought to
ensure the return of life-giving water to the earth.

In the Bible, he was one of many "Baals" considered to be the enemies of the Hebrew deity Yahweh
and was the specific "Baal" opposed by the prophet Elijah, who proved that it was the God of Israel rather
than Baal-Hadad who could bring an end to the drought that had plagued the land. The Ugaritic deity
Haddu, Hebrew ‫;בעל הדד‬, was an important northwest Semitic storm and fertility god, identical with the
Akkadian weather god Adad. Hadad is often called simply Ba‘al (Lord) and is frequently equated with the
biblical Baal, but this title is also used for other gods. As the god of rain, thunder, and fertility, Hadad is
also related to the Babylonian Marduk, the Anatolian storm-god Teshub, the Egyptian god Set, the Greek
god Zeus, and the Roman god Jupiter. In Canaanite mythology, Hadad was one of the sons (or the
grandsons) of El.

He rose to the head of the pantheon by slaying the sea-god Yam, much as the Babylonian Marduk
became King of the gods by killing Ti.Amat. He was then challenged and overcome by Mot, the god of
death, but was saved and resurrected through the intervention of his sister-lover Anat, bringing an end to a
terrible drought. As the controller of storms and bringer of rain, Hadad was both loved and feared by his
people, and his propitiation was thought to ensure the return of life-giving water to the earth. In the Bible,
he was one of many "Baals" considered to be the enemies of the Hebrew deity Yahweh and was the
specific "Baal" opposed by the prophet Elijah, who proved that it was the God of Israel rather than Baal-
Hadad who could bring an end to the drought that had plagued the land. In the mythological tablets found
in Ugarit, especially the Baal cycle, the god hd (theoretically vocalized as Haddu) occurs often, usually
normalized as Hadad in translations and scholarly writings. In these texts, Hadad is usually called by the
title b‘l (theoretically vocalized as Ba‘l), meaning "Lord."

Other titles give him include ‘lyn (‘Aliyan), meaning "Most High," and "Cloud Rider," Ba‘l is
usually normalized to Ba‘al or Baal in some translations. In Canaanite religious texts, Ba‘al-Hadad is the
Lord of the sky who governs the rain and thus the germination of plants. He is the protector of life and
growth to the agricultural people of the region. The absence or temporary death of Ba‘al causes dry spells,
starvation, death, and chaos. Hadad is called son of the god Dagon and also the son of El. Since El is
called father to all the gods, he may thus be Hadad's grandfather. Ba‘al-Hadad is himself the father of
three goddesses, named Pidray ("Shining"), Tallay ("Rainy"), and Arṣay ("Earthly"), with no mother
named. Their mother may be ‘Athtart, also called ‘Athtart- face of Ba‘al. The "Virgin" goddess ‘Anat in
these texts is Ba‘al's sister, saviour, and lover. Hadad has his home on Mount Ṣapan, presumably the
biblical Mount Zaphon on the northern coast of Syria, called Hazi in Hittite, Mons Casius in Latin, and
today known as Jebel al-Aqra‘.

Zarpanit: She was the Babylonian Goddess of childbirth and fertility, the same as Ninlil, Gula, and
Nin.Hursag before her. As the consort of Marduk, god of the sun, she is later associated with the moon, as
well as all of nature after Marduk rises to prominence. With this change, her name was also changed to
reflect her new status—while Zarpanit means: "the shining lady," her new name, Zerbanit, means "she
who brings forth the seed". Zarpanit was also associated with water, which she inherited when the
Goddess Erua, also a Goddess of fertility, was incorporated into her persona. Zarpanit’s name is also seen
as Zarpanitu, Zarpanitum, Zerbanit, Zirbanit, Zerpanit, Zarpanit, Zarpanitu, and Zarpanitum. Epithets for
her name includes "lady of the abyss", "lady of the deep", "voice of the deep", and "mistress of the place
where the fish dwell".
Nin.Hursag: The Sumerian Goddess of fertility and "Queen of the Mountain". The Sumerian earth and
mother-goddess, who created all vegetation, she is the consort of the supreme god En.Ki (and as such
identifies with Damgalnunna). Nin.Hursag is one of the oldest members of the Sumerian pantheon and
has prestigious titles such as "mother of the gods" and "mother of all children". She is also called Nintu,
"lady of birth", and Ki, the Earth. She was the tutelary deity of the Sumerian rulers, who styled
themselves "children of Nin.Hursag". Nin.Hursag ensures fertile fields, but when she cursed her husband
for his incestuous affairs (with the plants she gave birth to) and his descend into the underworld, the Earth
became barren. Only when the hastily assembled gods managed to mollify her, the Earth became fertile
again and the cycle of the seasons was instituted. She also supplanted Ki as Goddess of the Earth and
mother of the Gods. Myths of her origin vary, but many state that she is the sister of Enlil, God of the air,
which would make her the daughter of Ki and Anu, God of the sky. In creation texts, Ninmah (another
name for Nin.Hursag) acts as a midwife whilst the Mother Goddess Nammu makes different kinds of
humans from lumps of clay at a feast given by En.Ki to celebrate the creation of mankind. Her symbol,
the omega Ω, has been depicted in art from around 3000 BC, though more generally from the early
second millennium. It appears on some boundary stones on the upper tier, indicating her importance.

Whatever her origin, Nin.Hursag is most closely associated with En.Ki, god of the waters, as his
consort. Nin.Hursag’s name means "Lady of the Mountains," and she was also called Nintu (lady of
birth), Ninmenna (lady of the tiara), and Ninmah (exalted lady), although it is likely that these were
names of other Goddesses who were later assimilated with Nin.Hursag. Other names associated with her
include Ninmug (lady of the vulva), Ninzinak (lady of the embryo), Ninsigsig (lady of silence), Ninbahar
(lady of pottery), Nindim (lady fashioner), Nig-zi-gal-dim-dim-me (fashioner of all things in which there
is breath of life), Nagarnam-luulu (carpenter of mankind), Nagar-sa-ga (carpenter of the insides), Tibira-
kalam-ma (bronze caster of the nation), Sag-zu-kalam-ma (midwife of the nation), Sag-zu-digir-e-ne
(midwife of the Gods), Mud-kes-da (blood-stancher), Ama-dug-bad (mother spreading her legs), Ama-
dumu-dumu-ne (mother of all children), and Ama-digir-re-ne-ke (mother of the Gods).

The Nephilim
Nephilim (or sometimes referred to as Nefilim) are beings that appear in the Hebrew Bible;
mentioned in Genesis: 6 and the Book of Numbers. They are also mentioned in other Biblical texts and in
some non-canonical Jewish writings such as the book of Enoch which we have already quoted. The word
"Nephilim" comes from the Hebrew word ‫ נְ פִ ילִ ים‬meaning "fallen ones." Another possibility is that the
term is a generic term for "giants" in general, which is consistent with the Septuagint and Vulgate
translations of the word. Some expositors believe it may refer more to the ferocity and strength of the
people who are referred to, rather than their physical height, though in the Book of Numbers intentional
stress on height is apparent, whether metaphorical or actual. Their origin and identity as we have seen can
be found in Genesis Chapter 6:1 – 4.

"The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God came in to
the daughters of men, and they bore children to them. Those were the mighty men who were of old, men
of renown".

They are mentioned again in Numbers: 13:32–33, in a description of the inhabitants of Hebron: "So
they gave out to the sons of Israel a bad report of the land which they had spied out, saying, "The land
through which we have gone, in spying it out, is a land that devours its inhabitants; and all the people
whom we saw in it are men of great size. There also we saw the Nephilim (the sons of Anak are part of
the Nephilim); and we became like grasshoppers in our own sight, and so we were in their sight". The
"Targum Jonathan" states that the Nephilim were given this name because they were descended from
fallen Angels. The New American Bible commentary draws a parallel to the Epistle of Jude and the
statements set forth in Genesis, suggesting that the Epistle refers implicitly to the paternity of Nephilim as
Heavenly beings that came to Earth and had sexual intercourse with women.
The footnotes of the Jerusalem Bible suggest that the Biblical author intended the Nephilim to be an
"anecdote of a superhuman race". Genesis 6:4 implies that the Nephilim have inhabited the Earth in at
least two different time periods—in antediluvian times "and afterward." If the Nephilim were
supernatural beings themselves, or at least the progeny of supernatural beings, it is possible that the
"giants of Canaan" in Numbers 13:33, were the direct descendants of the antediluvian Nephilim, or were
fathered by the same supernatural parents. As i have argued before, no new race of man was created after
the flood as recorded in Genesis. If therefore Noah and the seven members of his family were not of the
race of the Nephilim, then we are faced with the dilemma of where the sons of the anti-diluvium
Nephilim originated in Canaan thousands of years later.
In Aramaic culture, the term Nephila specifically refers to the constellation of Orion, and thus the
Nephilim are deemed to be Orion's semi-divine descendants. Since the Anakim were the descendants of
Anak who himself was of the giant race, this would imply that this was the origin of the Biblical
Nephilim. Some Christian commentators have argued against this view, citing Jesus' statement in
Matthew: 22:30 that the resurrected faithful do not marry but are like the Angels of Heaven. However we
may chose to interpret this verse, it does not contradict Genesis 6:1-4 where we see the mating of celestial
beings with mortal women. The association of Orion with the Nephilim is extremely enlightening as the
story of this constellation directly links it to the giant hunter Nimrod, and the Egyptian deities Osiris and
Isis. There are many legends concerning this constellation among the ancient Greeks, and also among a
very remote African tribe.
Ninurta, the warrior son of Enlil is also said to be the god of this constellation in Sumer, as we have
discussed elsewhere, this Sumerian god is said to be the Nimrod of Genesis: 10:8-12 who built the great
cities of early Mesopotamia immediately after the flood. Many Jewish commentaries and translations
describe the Nephilim as being from the offspring of "sons of nobles" rather than from "sons of God" or
"sons of Angels". This is also the rendering suggested in the Targum Onkelos. Likewise, a long held view
among some Christians is that the sons of God did not father the Nephilim spoken of in the text, but the
formerly righteous descendants of Seth who rebelled, while the daughters of men were the unrighteous
descendants of Cain, and the Nephilim the offspring of their union. This view dates to at least the 3 rd
century AD, with references throughout the Clementine literature, as well as in Sextus Julius Africanus,
and others.
Holders of this view have looked for support in Jesus' statement that "in the days before the flood
they (humans) were marrying and giving in marriage". In the Hebrew Bible, there are a number of other
words that, like "Nephilim", are sometimes translated as "giants": Emim, the fearful ones; Rephaim, the
dread ones, Anakim, the (long)-necked ones. The Anakim (or Anakites) were the descendants of the
Nephilim giant Anak, and dwelt in the south of Canaan, in the neighbourhood of Hebron. In the days of
Abraham, they inhabited the region afterwards known as Edom and Moab, east of the Jordan River. They
are mentioned during the report of the spies about the inhabitants of the land of Canaan. The book of
Joshua states that Joshua finally expelled them from the land, excepting a remnant that found a refuge in
the cities of Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod.
The Philistine giant Goliath, whom David later encountered, is thought to be a descendant of the
Anakim. The spies reported: "The land, through which we have gone to spy it out, is a land that devours
its inhabitants, and all the people that we saw in it are of great height. And there we saw the Nephilim (the
sons of Anak, who come from the Nephilim), and we seemed to ourselves like grasshoppers, and so we
seemed to them". Numbers: 13:32-33. The story of the Nephilim is chronicled more fully in the Book of
Enoch (part of Ethiopian biblical canon). Enoch, as well as Jubilees, connects the origin of the Nephilim
with the fallen Angels, and in particular with the Grigori (watchers). Samyaza, an angel of high rank, is
described as leading a rebel sect of Angels in a descent to Earth to have sexual intercourse with human
females.
 And the Angels, the children of the Heaven, saw and lusted after them, and said to one another:
"Come, let us choose us wives from among the children of men and beget us children". And Semjaza,
who was their leader, said unto them: "I fear ye will not indeed agree to do this deed, and I alone shall
have to pay the penalty of a great sin". And they all answered him and said: "Let us all swear an oath and
all bind our self by mutual imprecations not to abandon this plan but to do this thing". Then sware they all
together and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it. And they were in all two hundred; who
descended in the days of Jared on the summit of Mount Hermon, and they called it Mount Hermon,
because they had sworn and bound themselves by mutual imprecations upon it.

According to these texts, the fallen Angels who begat the Nephilim were cast into
Tartarus/Gehenna, a place of "total darkness". However, Jubilees also states that God granted ten percent
of the disembodied spirits of the Nephilim to remain after the flood, as demons, to try to lead the human
race astray (through idolatry, the occult, etc.) until the final Judgment. In addition to Enoch, the Book of
Jubilees (7:21–25) also states that ridding the Earth of these Nephilim was one of God's purposes for
flooding the Earth in Noah's time. The Biblical reference to Noah being "perfect in his generations" may
have referred to his having a clean, Nephilim-free bloodline, although it may be inferred that there was
more diversity among his three daughters-in law. These works describe the Nephilim as being evil giants.
There are also allusions to these descendants in the Catholic Deutero-canonical books of Judith, Sirach,
Baruch, and Wisdom of Solomon and in the non-Catholic Book 3 Maccabeus.
Some individuals and groups, including the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, St. Augustine, John
Chrysostom, and John Calvin, take the view of Genesis 6:2 that the "Angels" who fathered the Nephilim
referred to certain human males from the lineage of Seth, who were called sons of God probably in
reference to their being formerly in a covenantal relationship with Yahweh (cf. Deuteronomy 14:1; 32:5);
according to these sources, these men had begun to pursue bodily interests, and so took wives of the
daughters of men, e.g., those who were descended from Cain or from any people who did not worship
God. Not only is this unequivocally stated in Ethiopian Orthodox versions of I Enoch and Jubilees, but
this is also the view presented in a few extra-Biblical, yet ancient works, particularly the Conflict of
Adam and Eve with Satan. In these sources, these offspring of Seth were said to have disobeyed God, by
breeding with the daughters of Cain and producing wicked children "who were all unlike", thus angering
God into bringing about the Deluge.
Nowhere is the Ethiopian view presented more explicitly than in the "Conflict of Adam" Book 3,
chap. 4: "Certain wise men of old wrote concerning them, and say in their (sacred) books, that Angels
came down from Heaven, and mingled with the daughters of Cain, who bare unto them these giants. But
these wise men err in what they say. God forbid such a thing, that Angels who are spirits, should be found
committing sin with human beings. Never, that cannot be. And if such a thing were of the nature of
Angels or spirits that fell, they would not leave one woman on Earth undefiled... But many have contested
that Angels came down from Heaven and joined themselves to women, and had children by them. This
cannot be true! But they were children of Seth, who were of the children of Adam who dwelt on the
mountain, high up, while they preserved their virginity, their innocence and their glory like Angels; and
were then called "Angels of God."
But when they transgressed and mingled with the children of Cain, and begat children, ill-informed
men said that Angels had come down from Heaven, and mingled with the daughters of men, who bare
them giants". In ancient Aram (from which we get the Aramaic language), the constellation Orion was
known as Nephila, and Orion's descendants were known as Nephilim. According to the Book of
Numbers, during the conquest of Canaan by the Israelites, Anak (spelt as both ‫ ענק‬and as ‫ הענק‬depending
upon the reference) was a well known figure, and a forefather of the Anakites (Heb. Anakim). They are
referred to here as been "strong and tall", and said to have been a mixed race of giants, descendants of the
Nephilim (Numbers 13:33). The sons of Anak are first mentioned in Numbers 13 where Moses sends
twelve spies representing the twelve tribes of Israel to scout out the land of Canaan, and give a full report
to the congregation.
The spies enter from the Negev desert and journeyed northward through the Judaean hills until they
arrived at the brook of Eshcol near Hebron, where Sheshai, Ahiman, and Talmai, the sons of Anak ruled
the local territory. After the scouts had explored the entire land, they brought back samples of the fruit of
the land; most notably a gigantic cluster of grapes which required two men to transport it. The scouts then
reported to Moses and the congregation, that "the land indeed is a land flowing with milk and honey".
The Anakites are later mentioned briefly in the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua, and Judges. In the Book
of Joshua, Caleb, one of the twelve spies sent by Moses into Canaan, later drove out the descendants of
Anak, his three sons, from Hebron which is also called Kirjath Arba. Anak is thought to be related to the
Sumerian god En.Ki. Robert Graves, considering the relationship between the Anakites and Philistia
(Joshua 11:21, Jeremiah 47:5), identifies the Anakim with Anax, the giant ruler of the Anactorians in
Greek mythology.

¹ This ancient myth seems to serve as the mystical rite of the scapegoat in the book of Leviticus: 16:8, 14-
15: 20-22. The American Standard Version uses the name Azazel as the recipient of the scapegoat
released into the wilderness for the sins of the people.
2
(Richard Stoneman, Greek Mythology, p. 136)
3
The Works of Flavius Josephus; 4Josephus, War, 3, 9.7/443-44
4
‫ חֲמָ ת‬,‫ חמת‬chămâth kham-awth, Chamath: Walled City, a place in Syria: Hamath, Hemath
5
The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford University
6
(Kramer, 196, pp. 146-7)
7
(Wolkstein and Kramer p. 157-158; Kramer 1961 p. 37-38)

Sirius: Lord of the Hunt

Eos (Greek Ἠώς or Ἕως) "Dawn", is in Greek mythology, the Titan goddess of the dawn, who rose
from her home at the edge of Oceanus, the Ocean that surrounds the world, to herald her brother (or
father) Helios the sun. The Greek worship of the dawn as a goddess is believed to be inherited from Indo-
European times. The name Eos is cognate to the Latin name Aurora, and the Vedic Ushas. The dawn
goddess Eos, with "rosy fingers" opened the gates of Heaven so that Apollo could ride his chariot across
the sky every day. In Homer, her saffron-coloured robe is embroidered or woven with flowers (stars).
Rosy-fingered and with golden arms, she is pictured on Attic vases as a supernaturally beautiful woman,
crowned with a tiara or diadem and with the large white-feathered wings of a bird.
The Iliad tells us: 1"Now when Dawn in robe of saffron was hastening from the streams of Oceanus,
to bring light to mortals and immortals, Thetis reached the ships with the armour that the god had given
her". 19:1: "But soon as early Dawn appeared, the rosy-fingered then gathered the folk about the pyre of
glorious Hector. 24:776: Quintus Smyrnaeus pictured her exulting in her heart over the radiant horses
(Lampos and Phaithon) that drew her chariot amidst the bright-haired Horae, the feminine Hours,
climbing the arc of Heaven and scattering sparks of fire. She is most often associated with her Homeric
epithet "rosy-fingered" (rhododactylos), but Homer also calls her Eos Erigeneia: 2 "That brightest of stars
appeared, Eosphoros that most often heralds the light of early-rising Dawn", Hesiod wrote: "And after
these, Erigeneia ("early-born") bore the star Eosphoros ("Dawn-bringer"), and the gleaming stars with
which Heaven is crowned". Thus, Eos, preceded by the Morning Star (Venus), is seen as the creatrix of
all the stars and planets; her tears are considered to have created the morning dew, personified as Ersa or
Herse.
Eos is the daughter of Hyperion and Theia (or Pallas and Styx) and sister of Helios the sun and
Selene the moon,3 "who shine upon all that are on Earth and upon the deathless Gods who live in the wide
Heaven". The generation of Titans preceded all the familiar deities of Olympus, who supplanted them as
told throughout Greek literature. According to Hesiod, Eos Tithonus had two sons, called Memnon and
Emathion. Memnon the great hero of Troy fought among the Trojans in the legendary Trojan War and
was slain. Her image with the dead Memnon across her knees, like Thetis with the dead Achilles and Isis
with the dead Osiris, are icons that inspired the Christian Pietà. The abduction of Cephalus had special
appeal for an Athenian audience because Cephalus was a local boy, and so this myth element appeared
frequently in Attic vase-paintings and was exported with them.
In the literary myths, Eos kidnapped Cephalus when he was hunting and took him to Syria. The
second-century CE traveller Pausanias was informed that the abductor of Cephalus was Hemera, the
goddess of Day. Although Cephalus was already married to Procris, Eos bore him three sons, including
Phaeton and Hesperus, but he then began pining for 4 Procris, causing a disgruntled Eos to return him to
her and put a curse on them. In Hyginus' report, Cephalus accidentally killed Procris sometime later after
he mistook her for an animal while hunting. In Ovid's Metamorphoses VII, Procris, a jealous wife, was
spying on him (Cephalus) and heard him singing to the wind, "Aura", but thought he was serenading his
ex-lover Aurora (Eos). Among the Etruscans, the generative dawn-goddess was Thesan.
Depictions of the dawn-goddess with a young lover became popular in Etruria in the fifth century,
probably inspired by imported Greek vase-painting. Though Etruscans preferred to show the goddess as a
nurturer (Kourotrophos) rather than an abductor of young men, the late Archaic sculptural acroterion from
Etruscan Cære (Cerveteri), now in Berlin, showing the goddess in archaic running pose adapted from the
Greeks, and bearing a boy in her arms, has commonly been identified as Eos and Cephalus. On an
Etruscan mirror Thesan is shown carrying off a young man, whose name is inscribed TINTHU-N. Her
Roman equivalent is Aurora. The Dawn became associated in Roman cult with Matuta; later known as
Mater Matuta she was also associated with the sea harbours and ports. She had a temple on the Forum
Boarium. On June 11, the Matralia was celebrated at that temple in honour of Mater Matuta; this festival
was only for women in their first marriage.
The following list are the five lovers of Eos (Sirius), (known as the dawn star at her helical rising),
as described in various myths, and her children by them. Now, the fact that Eos is said to have five lovers
in this myth is by no means an ordinary legend. As you shall see when we review the legend of Asclepius
the son of Apollo, he too had five daughters all associated with healing, beauty, and health. This number
you will also find in the much celebrated five pointed star which today, adorns the flag of Islam resting in
the cups of the crescent Moon. Even more mysterious, is the fact that the doorway into the Holy of Holies
in Solomon's temple was constructed in the form of the five pointed star as recorded in 1Kings 6:31.
Today, many nation flags and monuments throughout the world depicts the five pointed symbol of the
sun god without knowing the hidden mystery behind this much used number. We shall reveal a mystery
when we review this secret number that belongs to the ancient sun god.

1. Orion her lover: He was killed by Artemis with an arrow over jealousy (Sirius is called "the Bow Star"
in Assyria and Babylon and is the star of Ninurta/Nimrod the hunter)

2. With Astraios (Starry Heaven) whom she married, her children were:
1: Boreas – North wind
2: Eurus – East wind
3: Notus – South wind
4: Zephyrus – West wind
5: Eosphoros the Morning Star
6: Hesperus the Evening Star (the two aspects of Venus)
7: Phainon – Saturn
8: Phaethon – Jupiter
9: Pyroeis – Mars
10: Stilbon – Mercury

3. With Tithonus whom she kidnapped:

1: Emathion
2: Memnon of Troy

4. With Cephalus, kidnapped by her:

1: Phaeton
2: Tithonus

5. Children of Eos by Zeus

1: Ersa
2: Carae

As complicated as this narrative may seem to be, it is very much straight forward once you
understand who the many figures represent. The key to unlocking this mystery is the name Orion, and his
legacy as the great hunter of ancient lore. The wife of Orion is given here as Eos or Eos Erigeneia, and it
is this goddess who gave birth to the dawn goddess the ancients call Aurora, but is better known today as
Venus, the morning star. Her two aspects are known as Eosphoros, the Morning Star, and Hesperus the
Evening Star, in Greek legend as stated above. We have already shown the origin of these twins in other
legends, where they are known as Shahar and Shalim in Israel. Here they are fathered by Orion the great
hunter, as sons of Eos Erigeneia, (Sirius at its helical rising), the goddess who precedes Aurora-Venus,
and who also gave birth to the stars and planets.
This makes her the mother of the gods of Heaven and the great starry host of celestials, the same as
we see in the great Mother Goddess of Syria and ancient Babylonia. Who then is this great mother of the
gods and the host of Heaven, the great goddess who gave birth to the dawn goddess Venus? It is time to
reveal a mystery. We have argued before that Orion and Ninurta are one and the same, in Egypt he is
known as Osiris where his wife Isis is the well known goddess who gave birth to Horus the sun child.
Genesis 10:6–14 narrates the legendary Nimrod the great hunter, he, as we have shown, is the same as
Ninurta. Now, in Sumeria where the first cities were built by the Anunnaki gods after the flood, Nineveh
in Assyria became the chief seat of Nimrod-Ninurta and his goddess consort Gula also known as Bau.
Over time they developed into Ninus and Semiramis, the fish deities known throughout ancient
times and later rulers of Babylon, one of the cities he founded, Genesis: 10:10. Ninurta, the son of Enlil
the chief god of Sumer, was from ancient times known as the warrior god and hunter. His symbols are the
Smiter, a curved weapon, and the club. His totem animals are two back to back lions with an eagle
grasping both as it hovers above. His wife Bau has a black hunting dog as her totem animal. She is known
as the goddess of birth, healing, midwife, the underworld, and springtime among other epithets. They are
both found on a Babylonian Kuduru stone seen here with her dog, and a composite scorpion archer man
with a bow and arrow. It is not always easy to distinguish between the many deities of past nations as
they are often merged into each other.
This is especially so with the Mother Goddess and their partners, in the case of Enlil the chief god
of Sumer, his three "sons", Ninurta, Nergal, and Adad-Ishkur are often linked together sharing the same
qualities. Ereshkigal the consort of Nergal is also linked to Gula the wife of Ninurta, therefore both deities
could well be one and the same in some ancient text. The only way to really differentiate between Ninurta
and Nergal is to look at their appearance on the Babylonian Kuduru stones. In one such carving, we have
the major deities of Mesopotamia as they were known in ancient times. There you will find them
appearing under their individual symbols, thus confirming their separate identity. Nergal was in all
aspects a god of the underworld which he shared with Ereshkigal, he was never associated with Orion,
and therefore must be ruled out as the ruler of this constellation.
Ninurta on the other hand, was always connected with both Saturn and Orion as many texts will
confirm. He is also called Ninib and shares the same qualities with Enlil; this is because both Ninurta and
Ninib are called "sons" of Enlil whose planet is Saturn. If then Ninurta is the god referred to as Orion the
great hunter, and the constellation was later named after him, this would explain why his consort Bau or
Gula is pictured with a dog at her heels, and a scorpion-archer man before her. The Archer is of course
her consort Ninurta-Orion, and the scorpion shows his association with this constellation which is
traditionally associated with death and the underworld. This carving on the Kuduru stone can best be
explained in the legend of Orion and his lover Athena in the Greek legend, and the much older legend of
the death of Osiris by the sting of a scorpion.
We will review both legends here in order to show that Ninurta, Zeus, Orion, and Osiris were all
associated with Sirius, and the dog at the heel of Gula reveals her to be the goddess of the star Sirius. The
legend of Orion was first told in full in a lost work by Hesiod, probably the Astronomy. This version is
known through the work of a Hellenistic author on the constellations; where he gives a fairly long
summary of Hesiod's discourse on Orion. According to this version, Orion was the son of the sea-god
Poseidon and Euryale, daughter of Minos, King of Crete. Orion could walk on the waves because of his
father; he walked to the island of Chios where he became drunk after a drinking bout and attacked
Merope, daughter of Oenopion, the ruler. In vengeance, Oenopion blinded Orion and drove him away
from the island. Orion stumbled to Lemnos where Hephaestus the lame smith-god had his forge.
Hephaestus told his servant, Cedalion, to guide Orion to the uttermost East where Helios, the Sun,
healed him. He set off on his journey carrying his guide Cedalion around on his shoulders. After been
heeled by Apollo he returned to Chios to punish Oenopion, but the King hid away underground and
escaped Orion's wrath. Orion's next journey took him to Crete where he hunted with the goddess Artemis
and her mother Leto, and in the course of the hunt, threatened to kill every beast on Earth. Mother earth
objected and sent a giant scorpion to kill him. The creature succeeded, and after his death, the goddesses
asked Zeus to place Orion among the constellations. Zeus consented and, as a memorial to the hero's
death, added the Scorpion to the Heavens as well. There was a movement in the late nineteenth century to
interpret all the Boeotian heroes as merely personifications of the constellations.
There is now wide agreement of this, since the myth of Orion existed before there was a
constellation named for him. Homer, for example, mentions Orion the Hunter, and Orion the
constellation, but never confuses the two. Once Orion was recognized as a constellation, astronomy in
turn affected the myth. The story of Side may well be a piece of astronomical mythology. The Greek
word "Side" means pomegranate, the fruit of this tree ripens at the time when Orion the constellation can
be seen high in the night sky. Some suggests she is connected with Sidae in Boeotia, and that the
pomegranate, as a sign of the Underworld, is connected with her descent there. The Italian composer
Francesco Cavalli wrote the opera, "L'Orione", in 1653. The story is set on the Greek island of Delos and
focuses on Diana's love for Orion as well as the story of her rival, the goddess Aurora.
Diana shoots Orion only after being tricked by Apollo into thinking he was a sea monster; she then
laments his death and searches for Orion in the underworld until he is elevated to the Heavens. This is the
basis for the seventy days of Osiris/Orion in the underworld, practised by the ancient Egyptians. In The
Greek Myths (1955), Robert Graves views Oenopion as his perennial Year-King, at the stage where the
King pretends to die at the end of his term and appoints a substitute, in this case Orion, who actually dies
in his place. His blindness is clearly symbolic of the disappearance of Orion the constellation, and Sirius
his faithful dog, for seventy days before its helical rising on the eastern horizon in late July – August. It is
also very symbolic of the legend of Tammuz, Adonis, and Persephone in the underworld.
The Boeotian people had their own set of myths associated with Orion the great hunter. According
to their version, Orion was born when the three gods Zeus, Poseidon and Hermes fertilized a bull's hide
and buried it in the earth to provide King Hyrieus with a son. The boy was named Orion after the semen,
but was also known by the name of Kandaon. His son and daughters were heroes who died for the town
of Thebes. The myths of Orion resemble those of other mythical hunters from the Boeotian region. The
hunter Cephalus was also said to have been seduced by the goddess Eos while hunting on Mount
Kithairon. Another hero, Aktaion, was killed during the hunt when he spied on the goddess in her bath
and, according to some, sought her for a bride. The earth-born Boeotian giant Tityos attempted to violate
the goddess Leto (as Orion had tried to violate Opis) and was destroyed by Apollon and Artemis with
their arrows.
 According to myths, the name "Orion" is thought to mean "Moon man of the Mountain", the Greek
version of the Lord of the Hunt ritually killed by Artemis, the Lady of the Hunt. This myth can be found
in the legend of Tammuz and Osiris who were both killed during a night hunt by a wild boar. We find this
very myth in the legend of the Calydonian Boar hunt, where it was sent by Artemis to ravage the region
of Calydon in Aetolia. This myth is related in the Calydonian Hunt, in which the Greek heroes took part
to vanquish this ferocious beast. Here, one may recall the legend of how Set, in his boar form, also killed
his brother Osiris in the marshes of Egypt while hunting under a full moon. Egyptian legend further states
that the worshippers of Osiris refrained from eating swine except on the anniversary of this tragedy.
In another Chapter, we have shown that a piglet was not only used a means of purification in the
rites of Apollo and Demeter, but this was the sacred sacrifice offered on the altar of Zeus in ancient
times. This act was later referred to as "the abomination" in the book of Maccabees when Antiochus
Epiphanes desecrated the Jewish temple by offering swine to Zeus on the high altar. Here, one may
conclude that the swine was indeed a sacred offering both to the sun gods of ancient time, as well as to
goddesses such as Aphrodite and Demeter. Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky with a visual
apparent magnitude of −1.46, it is almost twice as bright as Canopus, the next brightest star. The name is
said to be derived from the ancient Greek Seirios "scorcher" because of its intense summer heat.
What the naked eye perceives as a single star is actually a binary star system, consisting of a white
main sequence star of spectral type A1V, termed Sirius A, and a faint white dwarf companion of spectral
type DA2, termed Sirius B. Sirius appears bright due to both its intrinsic luminosity and its closeness to
the Earth. At a distance of 2.6 parsecs (8.6 ly), the Sirius system is one of our near neighbours. Sirius A is
about twice as massive as the Sun and has an absolute visual magnitude of 1.42. It is 25 times more
luminous than the Sun but has a significantly lower luminosity than other bright stars such as Canopus or
Rigel. The system is between 200 and 300 million years old. It was originally composed of two bright
bluish stars.
The more massive of these, Sirius B, consumed its resources and became a red giant before
shedding its outer layers and collapsing into its current state as a white dwarf around 120 million years
ago.
Sirius is also known colloquially as the Dog Star, reflecting its prominence in the constellation
Canis Major. The heliacal rising of Sirius marked the flooding of the Nile in ancient Egypt and the Dog
Days of summer for the ancient Greeks, while to the Polynesians it marked winter and was an important
star for navigation around the Pacific Ocean. Sirius, known in ancient Egypt as Sopdet (Greek: Sothis), is
recorded in the earliest astronomical records. During the era of the Middle Kingdom, Egyptians based
their calendar on the heliacal rising of Sirius, namely the day it becomes visible just before sunrise after
moving far enough away from the glare of the sun. This occurred just before the annual flooding of the
Nile and the summer solstice after a seventy day absence from the skies. The hieroglyph for Sothis
features a star and a triangle, this is in reference to the fact that Betelgeuse in Orion, Canis Major, and
Procyon forms what is known as The Great Southern Triangle, or "the winter triangle".
Sothis was identified with the great goddess Isis who formed a part of a trinity with her husband
Osiris and their son Horus. The annual disappearance of Orion for 70 days later formed the myth of the
passing of Isis and Osiris through the Duat (Egyptian underworld). This period of obscurity later
developed into the mysterious funerary rites where the dead Pharaoh was embalmed and mourned for
seventy days, this rite was also performed for the Hebrew patriarch Jacob as recorded in Genesis Chapter
50:1. The ancient Greeks believed that the appearance of Sirius heralded the hot and dry summer, and
feared its effects on making plants wilt, men weaken and women become aroused. Due to its brightness,
Sirius would have been noted to twinkle more in the unsettled weather conditions of early summer.
To Greek observers, this signified certain emanations which caused its malign influence. People
suffering its effects were said to be astroboletos (αστροβολητος) or "star-struck". It was described as
"burning" or "flaming" in literature. The season following the star's appearance came to be known as the
Dog Days of Summer. The inhabitants of the island of Ceos in the Aegean Sea would offer sacrifices to
Sirius and Zeus to bring cooling breeze over the land, and would await the reappearance of the star in
summer. If it rose clear, it would portend good fortune, if it was misty or faint then it foretold (or
emanated) pestilence. Coins retrieved from the island from the third century BC feature dogs or stars with
emanating rays, highlighting Sirius' importance. The Romans celebrated the heliacal setting of Sirius
around April 25th, sacrificing a dog, along with incense, wine, and a sheep, to the goddess Robigo so that
the star's emanations would not cause wheat rust on the harvest.
Ptolemy of Alexandria mapped the stars in Book VII and VIII of his Almagest, in which he used
Sirius as the location for the globe's central meridian. He curiously depicted Sirius as one of six red-
coloured stars. In 150 AD, the astronomer Ptolemy described Sirius as reddish, along with five other
stars, Betelgeuse, Antares, Aldebaran, Arcturus and Pollux, all of which are clearly of orange or red hue.
With an apparent magnitude of −1.46, Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky, almost twice the
brightness of the second brightest star, Canopus. However, it is not as bright as the Moon, Venus, or
Jupiter. Mercury and Mars are also brighter than Sirius at times. Sirius can be seen from almost every
inhabited region of the world, with only locations north of 73° unable to see it. However, it does not rise
very high when viewed from some Northern cities, reaching only 13° above the horizon from Saint
Petersburg.
Sirius, along with Procyon and Betelgeuse, forms one of the three vertices of the Winter Triangle to
observers in the Northern Hemisphere. Due to its declination of roughly −17°, Sirius is a circumpolar star
from latitudes south of 73° south. From the Southern Hemisphere in early July, Sirius can be seen in both
the evening where it sets after the Sun and in the morning where it rises before the Sun. The earliest
recorded use of the name dates from the 7th century BC in Hesiod's poetic work "Works and Days". Sirius
has over 50 other designations and names attached to it. In Arabic it is known as ‫( الشعرى‬transliteration:
aš-ši‘rā or ash-shira; English: the leader), from which the alternate name Aschere derives. In Sanskrit it is
known as Mrgavyadha "deer hunter", or Lubdhaka "hunter". As Mrgavyadha, the star represents the
Hindu deity Rudra, another form of Shiva one of the Hindu trinity.
In Scandinavia, the star has been known as Lokabrenna ("burning done by Loki", or "Loki's torch"),
while the Japanese vernacular name of the star is 青星 (Aoboshi, "blue star"). In the astrology of the
middle ages, Sirius was a Behenian fixed star, associated with beryl and juniper. Its astrological symbol
was listed by Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa. Many cultures have historically attached special significance to
Sirius, particularly in relation to dogs. It was also classically depicted as part of Orion's hunting dogs
together with Canis Minor. The ancient Greeks also thought that Sirius' emanations could affect dogs
adversely, making them behave abnormally in the heat of summer. Their excessive panting was thought
to place them at risk of desiccation and disease. In extreme cases, a foaming dog may have rabies, which
could infect and kill humans who'd been bitten. Homer, in the Iliad, describes the approach of Achilles
toward Troy in those very terms:

Sirius rises late in the dark liquid sky

On summer nights, star of stars,
Orion's Dog they call it, brightest
Of all, but an evil portent, bringing heat
And fevers to suffering humanity

In Chinese astronomy the star is known as the star of the 5 "celestial wolf" (Chinese and Japanese:
天狼; Chinese Romanization: Tiānláng; Japanese Romanization: Tenrō; in the Mansion of Jǐng (井宿).
Further afield, many nations among the indigenous peoples of North America also associated Sirius with
canines. The Seri and Tohono O'odham of the southwest note the star as a dog that follows mountain
sheep, while the Blackfoot called it "Dog-face". The Cherokee paired Sirius with Antares as a dog-star
guardian of either end of the 6 "Path of Souls". The Pawnee of Nebraska had several associations; the
Wolf (Skidi) tribe knew it as the "Wolf Star", while other branches knew it as the "Coyote Star". Further
north, the Alaskan Inuit of the Bering Strait called it "Moon Dog". Several cultures also associated the
star with a bow and arrows.
The Ancient Chinese visualized a large bow and arrow across the southern sky, formed by the
constellations of Puppis and Canis Major. In this, the arrow tip is pointed at the wolf Sirius. A similar
association is depicted at the Temple of Hathor in Denderah, where the goddess Satet is seen drawing her
arrow at the goddess Hathor (Sirius). Known as "Tir", the star was portrayed as an arrow in later Persian
culture. Sirius is mentioned in Surah chapter: 53 of the Qur'an titled An-Najm "The Star". It is mentioned
by name; "He is the Lord of Sirius the Mighty Star" (53:49). In Theosophy, it is believed the Seven Stars
of the Pleiades transmit the spiritual energy of the Seven Rays from the Galactic Logos to the Seven Stars
of the Great Bear, then to Sirius. From there is it sent via the Sun to the god of Earth (Sanat Kumara) and
finally through the seven Masters of the Seven Rays to the human race.
The Dogon people, an ethnic group in Mali, West Africa, are reported to have traditional
astronomical knowledge about Sirius that would normally be considered impossible without the use of
telescopes. According to Marcel Griaule's books "Conversations with Ogotemmêli, and The Pale Fox",
they knew about the fifty-year orbital period of Sirius and its companion prior to western astronomers.
They also refer to a third star accompanying Sirius A and B. Robert Temple's 1976 book "The Sirius
Mystery", credits them with knowledge of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and the rings of Saturn. This
has been the subject of controversy and speculation. According to a 1978 Sceptical Enquirer article it is
possibly the result of cultural contamination. More recently, the contaminators have been suggested to be
the ethnographers themselves.
Others see this explanation as being too simplistic. In his book, "Sirius Matters", Noah Brosch
proposed that the astronomical cultural transfer to the Dogon took place in 1893, when a French eclipse
expedition visited their region. 7 Dogon mythology states that Nommo was the first living creature created
by the sky god Amma, shortly after his creation, Nommo underwent a transformation and multiplied into
four pairs of twins. One of the twins rebelled against the universal order created by Amma. To restore
order to his creation, Amma sacrificed another of the Nommo progeny, whose body was dismembered
and scattered throughout the world. This dispersal of body parts is seen by the Dogon as the source for the
proliferation of Binu shrines throughout the Dogons’ traditional territory; wherever a body part fell, a
shrine was erected.
In the latter part of the 1940s, French anthropologists Marcel Griaule and Germaine Dieterlen (who
had been working with the Dogon since 1931) were the recipients of additional, secret mythologies,
concerning the Nommo. The Dogon reportedly related to Griaule and Dieterlen a belief that the Nommo's
were inhabitants of a world circling the star Sirius. The Nommos descended from the sky in a vessel
accompanied by fire and thunder. After arriving, the Nommos created a reservoir of water and
subsequently dove into the water. The Dogon legends state that the Nommos required a watery
environment in which to live. According to the myth related to Griaule and Dieterlen: "The Nommo
divided his body among men to feed them; that is why it is also said that as the universe "had drunk of his
body," the Nommo also made men drink. He gave all his life principles to human beings." The Nommo
was crucified on a tree, but was resurrected and returned to his home world. Dogon legend has it that he
will return in the future to revisit the earth in a human form.
1
Theogony 378-382,
2
Odysseys: 13:93,
3
Hesiod, Theogony: (371-374)
4
The earliest version of Procris' story comes from Pherecydes. Cephalus remains away from home for eight years,
because he wanted to test Procris. When he returns, he succeeds in seducing her while disguised. Although they are
reconciled, Procris suspects that her husband has a lover, because he is often away hunting. A servant tells her
that Cephalus called to Nephele (Aurora-dawn) to come to him. Procris follows him the next time he goes hunting,
and leaps out of the thicket where she is hiding when she hears him call out to Nephele again. He is startled and
shoots her with an arrow, thinking that she is a wild animal, and kills her. This is the same story of Artemis and
Orion, showing that Cephalus is Orion rising with the Dawn goddess Aurora, and Procris as the Dog star Sirius
who she faithfully follows on the horizon in late July-August. The number eight here represents the eight children
of the sun god, better related in the story of Asclepius the son of the Roman sun god Apollo who fathered eight
children, five daughters and three sons.
5
This statement is of interest as Zeus is known in Greek legends by the epithet Lykaios ("Wolf-Zeus"). According to
Plato, a particular clan of Arcadians would gather on the mountain to make a sacrifice every nine years to Zeus
Lykaios. In ancient cultures the star Sirius was associated with the wolf or the dog as seen in many Egyptian and
Mesopotamian artwork. Since Zeus is associated with Ba'al the fire and thunder god of Canaan whose companion
was also associated with the Dog Star Sirius, one is tempted to conclude that the true image of Zeus as a star god
would certainly be that of Sirius. In some astrological books Zeus is said to be the god of Jupiter or Saturn, and
yet, neither of these two planets were known as "the Dog Star", or "Wolf Star" in ancient text. This clearly makes
Sirius, as well as Mars, the best candidates for the true symbol of Zeus in his wolf form. The Chinese naming of
Sirius as the "wolf star" is a clear indication of the symbolic meaning of this star and the gods associated with the
hunt. However, it must be noted that Mars is indeed more suitable as the wolf star symbolic of Zeus, because of the
nine year cycle associated with this planet. As seen in the opening statement "According to Plato, a particular clan
of Arcadians would gather on the mountain to make a sacrifice every nine years to Zeus Lykaios". This statement
alone defines exactly who was worshipped on the Arcadian Mountains, and in what form he appeared. Zeus then is
clearly the god of Mars who was worshipped in his wolf form by ancient Europeans. It is of great interest to note
that the Egyptian Anubis bears the same image of a large wolf, he is the companion of Isis and officiates in the
funerary rites of Osiris as seen in Egyptian drawings. What is clear from the wolf motive of both Sirius and Mars is
the fact that both were considered to be the leaders of the celestials in ancient times, therefore, one is forced to
conclude that both were associated with Zeus as the chief god of ancient times.
6
This statement is a reference to the two gateways of Cancer and Capricorn, through which the gods descend and
ascend according to ancient myth.
7
The division of the creator sky god into eight parts directly confirms our argument that the symbol of Sirius is
indeed the eight pointed star, a number which it shares with the ancient sun gods as in the myth of Asclepius the
son of the sun god Apollo.

The Land of Canaan and the Nephilim Giants

The descendants of Canaan, the son of Ham, migrating from their original home, they seem to have
reached the Persian Gulf, and to have there so-journed for some time. From there the tribes spread further
west across the mountain chain of Lebanon to the very edge of the Mediterranean Sea. They occupied the
land which later became known as Palestine, also extending their territory to the North-West as far as the
Taurus Mountain chain in modern day Turkey. This group was very numerous which later separated into
tribes, as we can judge from the list of nations in Gen. 10 where they became known as the "sons of
Canaan." Six different tribes are mentioned in Exo 3:8, Exo 3:17; Exo 23:23; Exo 33:2; Exo 34:11. In
Exodus 13:5 the "Perizzites" are omitted. The Girgashites are mentioned in addition to the foregoing in
Deut 7:1; Jos 3:10.
The Canaanites, as distinguished from the Amalekites, the Anakim, and the Rephaim, were mostly
dwellers in the lowlands as recorded in Num 13:29, the inhabited the great plains and valleys, as well as
the richest and most important parts of ancient Palestine. Tyre and Sidon, two of their famous cities, were
the centres of great commercial activity. The name "Canaanite" came to signify a "trader" or "merchant"
as recorded in many ancient text. The Israelites, when they were led to the Promised Land, were
commanded utterly to destroy the Canaanites then posses the land (Exo 23:23; Num 33:52, Num 33:53;
Deu 20:16, Deu 20:17). This was to be done "by little and little," lest the beasts of the field should
increase (Exo 23:29; Deu 7:22, Deu 7:23). The history of these wars of conquest is given in the Book of
Joshua.
The extermination of these tribes, however, was never fully carried out, Jerusalem was not captured
till the time of David (2Sam: 5:6-7). In the days of Solomon bond-service was exacted from the fragments
of the tribes still remaining in the land. Even after the return from captivity survivors of five of the
Canaanite tribes were still found in the land. In the Tell-el-Amarna tablets Canaan is mentioned under the
forms of Kinakhna and Kinakhkhi. Under the name of Kanana the Canaanites appear on Egyptian
monuments, wearing a coat of mail and helmet, and distinguished by the use of spear and javelin and the
battle axe. They were called Phoenicians by the Greeks, and Poeni by the Romans. By race the
Canaanites were of Semitic origin, they were famous as merchants and seamen, as well as for their artistic
skill. The chief object of their worship was the sun god, who was addressed by the general name of Baal,
"lord". Each locality had its special Baal, and the various local Baals were summed up under the name of
Baalim, "Lords".
There can be no doubt any more who the Sons of God were, their role in the fall of man, the age in
which they lived and ruled, and the influence they had on mankind. Beyond a shadow of a doubt, they
were not some hybrid mythical monstrous aliens who visited planet Earth. As clearly stated in Enoch XV:
3&6, these Sons of Heaven were once residents in a Heavenly abode, they were immortal beings created
in Heaven, and it was to Heaven they belonged. They are then said to have descended in the days of old
and lived among mortal man as the "men of renown" men of the "Shem". According to Enoch 6:6 two
hundred Watchers descended upon Mount Hermon (in Syria) in the days of Jared. This legend is even
more interesting when you read the history of this very amazing place. Today the massive ruins of
Baalbek remain a great mystery to all who witness the magnificence of the colossal stone platform of
ancient days.
No one knows who, why or when this great structure was constructed. The later Roman temple of
Jupiter-Zeus is clearly inferior to the earlier structure. From the use of the colossal stones found in the
platform, it is quite clear that they were never meant to support a temple as we will discuss later. From
Mount Hermon, according to the book of Enoch, they descended to the plains and the dwelling place of
mortals in order to chose wives from among mortal man. Read again the account in Genesis 6 where it
clearly states that it was in the days of Jared, that the Nephilim descended to co-habit with mortals.
Although the Biblical date is not mentioned, Jared was the sixth patriarch from Adam and his place in the
history of the Watchers and their descent to earth is of great importance. When read in conjunction with
the Sumerian King list, this date in the history of mankind takes on great significance in terms of divine
cycles.
There can be no doubt that the whole story of Noah and the flood is based on the divine cycles of
6000 and 600 years. This same cycle can be applied to the descent of the Watchers in the days of Jared.
What the story of Genesis clearly shows is the state of the old world prior to the descent of the Watchers
or Sons of God as they are known. By this time many ages had passed since man was created according to
the record in the Sumerian King List. Man had learnt to live and cultivate the land, mine metals and
engage in commerce, the age was a thriving time for man. The fact that "the daughters of man" looked so
fair and appealing to Heavenly beings, can only signify the knowledge of arts, culture, garment
manufacturing, knowledge of applying makeup and perfumes among the more elite female population.
This also would support the idea of a Royal or even an elite class of people. The women, who were
chosen as brides for such a select group of two hundred Sons of Heaven, would have to be deemed
worthy of their attention. The same applies today for Royal and high society marriages. Since that these
Sons of God marrying among mortals did not seem to be strange to the population, it has to be said that
the people of that day knew exactly who these people were. That can only mean one thing, the Sons of
God looked like mortals except for their Heavenly nature and attire. The Sons of God therefore must have
been real flesh and blood Heavenly beings who were not only able to copulate with a mortal woman, but
produce offspring's in half human half deity forms. Remember the words of Jesus; "in the resurrection of
the redeemed mortal, they will become like the Angels of God who cannot marry". The new man
accordingly, will become a sexless being just like the Angels of God in Heaven.
If this is the state of new man and the Angels of Heaven, and yet we have divine beings that were
created as immortals on another planet, then clearly the Angels and these Sons of God are in a totally
different class. Some has speculated that these Sons of God are former Angels who had changed their
bodies into human form, and then were able to engage in sexual intercourse with mortal women. This is
an echo from the book of Jude where he states: "And the Angels who kept not their first estate, but left
their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great
day". This statement only appears in the book of Jude and can be found in the Book of Enoch X: 12. It
would seem that the Nephilim, here called Watchers, were the guardians and leaders of the human race in
the days following the creation. Biblical scholars might not agree that divine beings lived among mankind
all through the ages following the creation of Adam and Eve. There is however strong evidence in the Old
Testament to dispel such doubts, as can be found in Genesis where we read:

Genesis Chapter 3:

8: And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden in the cool of the day: and Adam and
his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.
9: And the LORD God called unto Adam, and said unto him: "Where art thou"?
10: And he said, I heard thy voice in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked; and I hid myself.
21: Unto Adam also and to his wife did the LORD God make coats of skins, and clothed them.

Verse eight clearly states that Adam and Eve could hear the footsteps and the voice of God as he
took his normal stroll in the cool of the evening. God was no stranger to them, it was a custom for him to
commune with Adam and Eve, and until the day of their fall they never had reason to hide from his
presence. Secondly, God was actually calling out to Adam after not meeting him in the accustomed place
where no doubt they had previously met every evening. Adam could actual hold a conversation with God.
Third, after a long discourse between Adam, Eve and the "talking serpent", God then physically handed
them robes made from animal skins. The full implications of this revelation are first, this God who spoke
to Adam, was a very physical person, not a spirit as the church would have you believe. He was
accustomed to walk through the garden where they had placed the naked man, in order to communicate
with him.
Surely the Gods who created mankind would have to teach the new creature all he needed to know
to live among them. The fourth undeniable fact in this chapter is that for the first time, mankind was
granted the privilege of wearing clothes like the gods. They were handed coats of skin. As simple as this
may seem, you should realise that the leather skins handed to them were real, not a spiritual clothing. It
means that this God had to kill an animal and dress the hide before giving it to them. The skin did not
materialise from Heaven, it was made from an animal right here on Earth. This God then, had to be a real
physical deity who could carry out such a task. And it must be said too that Adam was handed what the
gods were accustomed to wear.
The gods of Genesis, who were known as the Elohim in some versions of the Bible, appears to be
real walking talking physical Gods. They were the Deities who not only created mankind, but lived
among them as their teachers, protectors, and guides. It is impossible to imagine the new creatures, Adam
and Eve, been created by the Gods, and then just simply abandoned to the wilds. Not so, we are told that
man was placed in the Garden of Eden, "to dress and till the land". Man was the provider of the food for
the table of the gods, something we will later find in the laws given to Moses. The Gods who created
Adam and Eve must surely be divine beings who descended to Earth from Heaven at the beginning of
time. Genesis I states that God physically used clay to create Adam.
He did not speak Adam into existence; he made him according to Genesis 2:7 by forming a physical
man out of the dust of the ground. He must therefore then, have been a PHYSICAL God, right here on
earth in the beginning of creation. Just like the Nephilim, aka, Watchers, also were when they married
mortal women. The Bible often speaks of Yahweh as been invisible, but when one reads the many works
ascribed to him, and the many times he actually is asked a question and gives and answer, this would
seem to be a gross misunderstanding of the true nature of God. Did God not come down physically to see
the tower of Babylon after the flood? And did he not physically descend on Mount Sinai in the presence
of all Israel, just as the Watchers are said to have descended upon Mount Hermon?
In case there are any doubts as to the physical nature of the Nephilim and the later Giant sons born
to them, let us read the account of Abraham and the three "men" he encountered in the plains sitting by
his tent. These men appeared suddenly on the scene on their way to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah, as you
will see later when we come to this story, the weapons employed in such a devastating event has left
permanent scars on the landscape for millennia. We will explore the Lament of Ur in due course where
you will find one of the direst laments of the ancient world for a city, and its people, ravaged by the
poisonous gas of what could well be the worlds' first nuclear holocaust.

Genesis Chapter XVIII

1: And the LORD appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre: and he sat in the tent door in the heat of the
day;
2: And he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to
meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground,
3: And said, My LORD, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy
servant:
4: Let a little water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree:
5: And I will fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort ye your hearts; after that ye shall pass on: for therefore
are ye come to your servant. And they said, so do, as thou hast said.
6: And Abraham hastened into the tent unto Sarah, and said, Make ready quickly three measures of fine
meal, knead it, and make cakes upon the hearth.
7: And Abraham ran unto the herd, and fetched a calf tender and good, and gave it unto a young man;
and he hastened to dress it.
8: And he took butter, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood
by them under the tree, and they did eat.

What should one make of this story? How can Heavenly angelic beings who are suppose to be
spirits eat the food of mortal man? These three men suddenly appeared walking on the dusty plain,
heading straight for Abrahams' tent, he instantly recognized them as not been any of the local chieftains
with whom he is was familiar. Abraham instantly knew they were of a different nature than mortal man,
yet they were real flesh and blood men standing and conversing with him. Having recognized them as
such he proceeded to treat and entertain them as to be expected of a mortal meeting a Deity. The hard fact
is this; Abraham had met three living Gods on the plains that day c2059 B.C. From the flood to the
second millennia B.C, we still have tales of the Nephilim and their offspring's. Can there be any more
doubt that we are dealing with real flesh and blood Heavenly beings that once lived among mankind?
Surely not!
From the jungles of South America to the lands of the Indian continent, we have tales of primitive
people who tell the same story in their history books. Modern man is constantly in a state of denial where
gods on earth are concerned, the long debated Origin of the species by Charles Darwin no longer can be
accepted as fact, even to the most diehard evolutionist. For whereas it is easy to look at the masses of
amphibians and mammals and class them into different species and sub species; mankind remains a
mystery to the evolutionist theory. The missing link that scientist has been searching for still remains
elusive, and all because the idea of divine beings creating a lesser mortal is too farfetched to swallow. Yet
these very deluded modernist are quite comfortable with the heretic ideas of Charles Darwin, and those
who preach the doctrine of a once upon a time ape man who walked upright and then decided to turn
himself into a human being.
I would rather think that man would be happy to know they had an intelligent beginning rather than
embracing the savage ape as their sole ancestor. Over the past hundred years or more, there have been
numerous studies and discoveries which seem to point to Africa as the origin of man. This out of Africa
story would fit well with the delusionist of our modern day, as scientist are constantly claiming finds of
extinct Ape man in the wilds of Africa. However as we have seen time and time again on programmes
dealing with the evolution of mankind, the missing Ape connection continues to elude the scientist and
scholars. No Ape has been found for hundreds of years that bear a positive resemblance to mortal man,
true they may be trained to do human task, and even be dressed in human clothing, but they still lack
human qualities.
The arguments put forward by science that mankind is a descendant of the Ape by way of
evolution, cannot be proved by any standards. If for instance modern man underwent a complete
transformation from a wild savage brute over millions of years, then the question is; how come our
ancestors never survived to this day? Science has no answer for this, but modern historians claim that the
Neanderthals died out through human activity or even cannibalism. It would seem to me that modern man
is hard put to accept the fact that we humans had a divine beginning. For years we have been taught the
evolution theory, misguided by church doctrine to the point that we have totally rejected the ancient facts
of Gods among men.
With so vast an array of ancient text dealing with celestial beings dwelling among mankind, we can
no longer dismiss the idea that divine beings came from another Heavenly realm, created mankind in their
own image, and lived among mortals for long centuries. There is nothing on this earth like intelligent man
who has forged cities out of jungles, carved a living from the earth by harnessing its rich resources, just to
mention a few of man's achievement. I am yet to see an animal that could build great cities, create the
wonders of modern living such as the airplane, automobiles, and great advances such as medicine, space
travel and a host of other great wonders of the human race. If we indeed came from a savage brute, who
has remained so for millions of years, then where did we humans acquire our superior knowledge that has
transformed us from cave men to city builders? Surely, we cannot continue to preach the false doctrine of
Charles Darwin's evolution of the species in light of the towering achievements of mortal man.
No matter how much we may be wont to dismiss the undeniable fact of our Divine origins, no
argument for the "fish out of water theory" can suffice to convince intelligent modern man that we are the
product of some organism that once lived in the waters of Earth. As much as some unbelievers might
want to cling to Darwin's theory of the origins of mankind, no one can explain just how a living organism
could transform from its genetic makeup into a completely different species such as mortal man. And if
this was the case in the beginning of creation, then surely it must be the same for all living and now
extinct animals on planet Earth. Did some unknown organism turn itself into a Dinosaur or a cow?
The myriad of species on earth has indeed evolved over millions of years, but the difference is,
none of the species we see today has changed from its original genetic makeup since its conception. As
far as we know today the animal Kingdom has remained the same as it was for thousands of year. We
have not witnessed the evolution of one species into another and unless science interferes with the natural
process of evolution, all species will reproduce after its kind. Therefore the doctrine of evolution cannot
be the answer as to how life came to be and is now sustained on Earth. Modern man may go a long way to
deny his divine heritage in exchange for such ungodly doctrine as preached by some evolutionist, but to
all ancient races of man, we were the creation of gods who from Heaven came. Today religion is not the
same as it was in ancient days; we live in a materialistic and scientific world where all things must be
proven by science.

Chapter V
The Age of Glory

Sacred Time – En.lil Separates Heaven and Earth

When Gods Walked the Earth – The Planet of the Gods
The Sumerians – The Mountain of Heaven and Earth

Sacred Time
 The Earth in its beginning was governed by celestial times and as such the numbers employed in the
count of time, seems to have been ones used by the gods or Elohim who came down to Earth. The base
numbers of 10 and 60 employed by the Sumerians are to be found throughout their historical records.
Indeed we owe our maths and science to the use of these numbers which has dominated all civilisations
since the days of the gods of Sumer. Every where one may look today we may see reminders of these two
base numbers in all aspects of our daily life's. Counting from one to ten is the highest decimal one can
reach before returning to the number 1 and adding this to Ten and so forth (1+10, 2+10) and onward.
Hence there are particular numbers that are of specific importance to us and the ancients, numbers that
can almost be called sacred.
These particular numbers are familiar to all races of people past and present. Singled out for their
value and association with sacred time are the numbers 40, 50, 60, 72, 120 and 360. These numbers form
the basis for the celestial cycles in both the Hebrew, Sumerian, Egyptian, and Hindu sacred writings. In
the writings of the Babylonian priest Berosus, we find the numbers 120, 3,600 and 432,000 linked to the
legend of the great flood. The importance of these special numbers among ancient scholars can be seen in
many ancient cultures. The key number here seems to be 72 which we find in many calculations of sacred
time, we find this in the Egyptian legend of Osiris who was killed by 72 conspirators. We also find this
most sacred number in our current calculation of the twelve house zodiac wheel of 2,160 years where
there are 72 years to the 30° given to each house, (72x30 = 2160).
An even more obscure Islamic legend promises 72 virgins to men who fall in battle or carry out
violent deeds against "the infidel". Seen then that the number 72 holds such a great significance to all
major religions as well as astrological calculations, I propose that this number was used for an even more
mysterious purpose in ancient times. Above all the mysteries of ancient religion including the Bible, is the
seemingly unanswerable question of just how time was counted on Earth from the beginning of creation?
As you shall see when we review the Book of Genesis, time seems to have began on the very "first day"
of creation without the orbit of the sun. Since we measure time by this most important celestial body, then
I suggest that "time" as we know it was calculated as a unit of time using the orbit of another celestial
body, a planet where the gods originated before descending to Earth.
What this means therefore, is that the sacred number 72 must be recognised as a unit of celestial
time used against the orbit of planet Earth by these celestial beings. Many ancient text has listed great
cycles of time that simply cannot be associated with this planet for the sheer vast numbers given by the
scribes. The very fact that modern science has determined the length of a zodiac house to be 1° for every
72 years, must be accepted as been a very ancient method of measuring celestial time by way of the suns'
yearly journey through all twelve houses. This idea in itself posses a great dilemma, today we have
intelligent computers that can calculate vast sums and so modern man is able to measure the years of a
zodiac house. Not so the ancients, how then was ancient man able to count the years of a zodiac house to
be over 2,000 years?
If they employed the number 72 as unit of celestial time, then surely this would mean that they were
counting one day on another planet as been 72 days on planet earth. How else would the celestial gods be
able to coordinate "time" unless there was an already establish orbit of their home planet? If then we
should adopt this argument as a method of counting time on their new planet, then one must accept the
fact that 72 days on planet Earth must have been used as day on their home planet. Whether this
assumption is wrong or not, it gives us a way to establish a ration of 1:72 for measuring celestial time
against earth time. Whilst it cannot be said that my theory is correct in this analysis, I have chosen this
numbering from the account given in many ancient legends where the number 72 seems to be a common
method of measuring celestial cycles.
Using the number 72 as a division of time against the sacred year of 360 used to count earth days in
ancient times, now gives us a ratio of one sacred earth year of 360 days equalling 5 celestial days. This
sacred number as you shall see was directly connected to the ancient sun gods and the much celebrated
five pointed star which was used to construct the doorway of the Holy of Holies in the temple built by
King Solomon. We shall reveal a mystery when we review the number five connected to Asclepius the
serpent god of healing, the son of the Greek sun god Apollo. Many ancient sacred text has consistently
employed the numbers 72, 120 and 360 in counting great cycles of time. But why do we on earth need
such great numbers as 432,000 years as given for the duration of the old world? What significance is there
in these great cycles, and what use has mortal man for these, since he is not likely live for a thousand
years muchless such extraordinary long cycles?
Since then, we as mortals will never benefit from experiencing the thrill of living for 3,600 years on
this planet, it must be concluded that these long cycles of time and the development of the numbering
system, was intended for the use of a people who needed to count the ages against the rotation of another
planet. There can be only one kind of people to whom this may refer; the ancient gods who needed to
record the different cycles of their new home, planet Earth. Since we know for certain that ancient man
kept time by observing the rising and setting of the stars and planets, it is clear to see that the counting of
time on Earth must have coincided with time on another planet. If you were to land on Mars, you would
naturally count your time there against the day, month and year that you left Earth. Your time on Mars
would simply carry over from earth and be then adjusted to Martian orbital time; you would need to know
specific times of the rotation of both planets if you are to coordinate your landing and departure also.
With this in mind lets us now review the concept of time as counted by the ancient people of
Sumer. Genesis begins with these enigmatic lines: "In the beginning"; one is forced to ask straight away,
what exactly is meant by this line? It implies that this present universe was begun at a point in celestial
time. If we then apply this line of thinking, it would mean that the Elohim of Genesis, and the Anunnaki
of Sumerian legend who are said to have descended from the Planet of Heaven to Earth, must have
therefore been counting time as known on their own planet. Since we in or modern world did not
commence the counting of time, we must therefore conclude that time began with the arrival of other
beings on this planet. Or, if one would accept, the very first day of creation. We read in Genesis:

1:1 In the beginning Elohim created the Heaven and the Earth.
1:2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit
of Elohim moved upon the face of the waters.
1:3 And Elohim said, Let there be light: and there was light.
1:4 And Elohim saw the light, that it was good, and Elohim divided the light from the darkness.
1:5 And Elohim called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning
were the first day.

In the context of the beginning of celestial time; the Sun and the Moon which now governs our
everyday life and seasons, had not yet been created according to the Hebrew scribes. How then, we may
ask, was the concept of the first three days of planet earth conceived without the orbit of the planet around
the Sun? The solution to this dilemma can be resolved if one grasp the fact that the gods who recorded
this story, had to be counting time as it was on their own planet. Therefore the first day without the Sun
had to be reckoned as time elapse on their Heavenly planet before planet earth had gained its own orbit on
the fourth "day" of creation. The earth then had to be in a different orbit around another planet, shrouded
in darkness, with neither light nor life forms present, as recorded in Genesis 1:2. This way of counting
celestial time is of utmost importance to us as it clearly states that five creation "days" had passed before
the creation of mankind on the last day of the great works of the Elohim; "the sons of God".
This counting of the days of creation has been a major source of contention among many scholars
and Christians. Naturally Christians throughout the ages has adamantly refused to accept the fact that
nature does not work in this way, and it is virtually impossible for a "day of creation" to mean a day as in
our 24 hour clock. Reading Genesis: 1:31 in the correct format should then demonstrate the fact that an
exceedingly long and glorious age existed for five Biblical "days", before mankind was created. Who then
dwelt on earth for all those endless millennia even before birds, mammals and humans existed? And what
could they possibly survive on if there was no grains and meat to sustain them? Since that we are
absolutely certain that a day is a not a day in our time, one must assume then that the gods only descended
to earth after many ages had passed, and the earth had by then become a verdant paradise.
Man was only placed in the E.Din of the gods after it was already planted, their only task we are
told in Genesis was to tend the garden of God. As we know from ancient inscriptions from Sumer,
Assyria, Egypt, India, and Canaan (modern day Israel), that the gods demanded a daily supply of meat
and vegetables on their tables; it cannot be denied that they lived on the produce of the land just as later
man would come to do. The fact is, according to the Sumerian creation stories, man was created to serve
the gods as labourers and to sing their praises in the temples. We will take an in-depth look at the table of
the gods, including the books of Exodus and the rite of worship as handed down to Moses. From Exodus
to Deuteronomy, the books of Moses are full of excellent examples of the meticulous care and precision
by which the sacrifice and offerings to God should be carried out. Yahweh's table must be careful
prepared and no deviation from the formula was tolerated.
In the opening Chapter, I cited the great hymn of praise to Zeus the high god of the Greeks. From
this poem alone you can see how highly esteemed was this ancient deity among the pantheon worshiped
in the temples of ancient Greece. His symbols and weapons links' him to the gods Ninurta, Adad,
Marduk, En.lil, Indra, Thor, Apollo and Nergal the original dragon slayers of the ancient world. Like
Marduk and the other thunder gods, Zeus held the dreaded Thunderbolt that could level whole cities and
destroy the dwelling of gods and man. He was the father of the gods and he and his council of twelve
gods who inhabited Mt. Olympus had enjoyed a golden age before the creation of man. We will find
much more of this ideology when we visit Egypt; they too have legends going back to a golden age
thousands of years before man walked the Earth.
Their stories are truly remarkable and we will explore truth and myth in the coming Chapters. We
have already unravelled the mystery of the Enûma Elish in a previous Chapter to demonstrate the identity
of the celestial body, thought by some to be Mars, behind the many metaphors employed in the epic
battle. These people were by all records the inventor of the wheel, art, music, agriculture, farming,
mining, metallurgy, and a whole host of other "first". But it should come as no surprise to anyone that
they proudly claimed all these things to be the gift of the gods. Gods who they ascertain came down from
Heaven to Earth to lay the foundations of the cities of Sumer and erect magnificent temples for their
worship. To these great gods, the "black headed people" as they called themselves', offered their labour
and worship for millennia; compiling thousands of records stored up in the temples of the gods.
It is because of their decipherment that we now have a legacy of our creation and our past; and as
we shall see shortly, it was from ancient Sumeria that Abraham, the father of the world's three greatest
religion, originated according to scripture. Sumer, the land of the ancient gods, lies buried today under the
mounds of countless centuries of latter buildings. They are now known as "Tells" by the desert tribes of
the Middle East. But beneath the great rubble of sand and drift from countless ages; lies the true treasure
of hundreds of manuscripts, carefully detailing every aspect of the daily lives of a lost race. It was here in
the land of the two rivers, that, we are told, the gods first descended to the newly formed Earth after lush
vegetation and the teaming herds of wild animals had made this planet a lush paradise. Indeed when one
reads the book of Genesis, it clearly states that five Biblical "days" had elapsed between the first day of
creation from chaos; to the creation of man and beast on the six and final day.
Long ages would have passed before the hot and barren earth could cool down sufficiently to allow
an atmosphere of clouds to develop. The Sumerians claim in their histories, that gods dwelled on this
earth for long ages before man was finally created as a servant. The five "days" that passed before the
creation of man is recorded in ancient cultures as been a time when only the gods inhabited this planet.
Let us now explore the creation epic in depth, comparing as we go with the Biblical version. In this
Chapter we shall show the real flesh and blood mankind, the truth behind the black headed people and the
separation of Heaven from Earth. The many text unearthed from the libraries of the ancient Kings of
Assyria and Babylon, has given us a rich heritage of historical, astronomical and scientific data that is
only now been realised by modern man.
 En.lil Separates Heaven and Earth
In the creation epic of the Enûma Elish we meet with such names as Anu, Kishar, Anshar, Ea,
Marduk and others. I have given a definition of these deities in another chapter so here I will briefly touch
upon their function in the Sumerian pantheon. The chief deities of Sumer were Anu the sky god as the
planet Uranus, En.lil the "lord of the firmament" as the planet Saturn, and En.ki the ruler of the abyss or
fresh waters under the Earth. Since none of these deities actually created the universe but were instead
part of a group of planetary gods said to be born to Ti.Amat and Ap.Su, one can safely say that the
creation story was written in honour of the gods of Sumer. This means that the scribes, who later wrote
this epic, were well aware of both the existence and worship of these gods in ancient times. None of these
gods then, were present at the beginning of the universe some four hundred billion years ago, according to
our scientist.
But to the people of Babylon and Sumer, these gods were real people from another planet. They had
descended to earth in olden times before man; they lived in a golden age much like the Biblical paradise.
They are said to have later created mankind as a slave to till the land and serve their needs. Although
modern man may be quick to dismiss tales of ancient deities living among mortals, it is almost impossible
to deny the fact that science cannot answer all our questions. Mankind surely must have had an intelligent
parent, as opposed to a savage ape who has remained the same creature to this very day as it was millions
of years ago. The story of how Heaven and earth became separated is told both in the Egyptian and
Sumerian epics; it is also narrated in the book of Genesis where God separated the waters above from the
waters beneath.
We have covered most of this story in an earlier chapter where we explored the legends of En.lil
and the Biblical story of the separation of the waters. From the view point of the Sumerians, there was a
time long ages ago when the solar system was formed, according to the Sumerian creation myth, the
"Mountains of Heaven and Earth" were joined together in some kind of mysterious celestial bond. Now
this story is an important concept, as it may well explain the long standing mystery of how the Earth
became such a verdant paradise, seeded with all the life forms we have today. All three creation stories
from the Bible, the Egyptians, and Sumeria, clearly shows that only after this separation of the two
"Mountains", that life began to materialise on planet Earth. Hence we read in Genesis, that after the Earth
had remained barren and lifeless for eons, a great mist went up from the ground that descended as rain
thereby watering the barren lands.
The great volume of water subsequently covered the entire planet, which again remained in pitch
black darkness for another countless eon. Next we are told that the "breath" of God stirred the great
waters covering the globe, and that at the command of God, the dry land appeared. This was the first
"day" and to prevent the waters of the "above" to again submerge the planet, a firmament was placed
between the two bodies of water. Heaven then at this point was physically separated from planet Earth, its
twin or spouse as pictured in other legends. The questions concerning this story are endless, and have
been a puzzle to many people. The Egyptian and Sumerian stories both run along similar parallels, and
emphasise the fact that something, or some god, caused the physical separation of Heaven and Earth. One
of the key factors in this story is the presence of a great flood of water that quite literally drowned the
then lifeless planet.
The waters of Heaven had descended to planet earth in order to SEED the barren Earth with all the
genes of a future world. This can only mean that life originated IN HEAVEN from another planet or
planetary god as the Sumerian and Egyptian text assures us. What then is the identity of the planet of
Heaven that seeded Mother Earth with his great flood waters? As you will see in all three stories, life
began on Earth only after the floods had covered the Earth for eons. The waters were then lifted up from
the face of the Earth, and dry land appeared on the 3rd day after the separation of the waters by a
firmament that was created in the heavens to "separate the waters from the waters" as both the Bible and
the Enuma Elish records. The mysterious "Mountain of Heaven" to which the Earth was said to be joined
through the great waters, must surely have been a watery planet itself.
 One could assume that this was taken to be a distant planet on which life had evolved in previous
ages, life forms which would eventually manifest itself on Earth brought on by the flood waters
descending to planet Earth at the beginning of creation. Needless to say, we have not been able to identify
any planet in our solar system that even remotely looks like planet Earth. However, as we have seen in a
previous Chapter, the planet of Mars as "lord of the firmament" was known as the benefactor of Earths'
waters. This planet as we have seen was once home to vast oceans, and among many things it was the god
who brought vegetation to earth in ancient cultures, hence he was worshipped for long centuries as the
god of agriculture. Hardly a fitting role today for a planet that is bone dry and dusty from eons of drought,
surely Mars must have been known as a Heavenly image of Earth in times past.
Still we have Biblical and other ancient records that assure us that indeed, just such a planet exist in
mythical time. You have read in the Enûma Elish, how there were two planets referred to as Anshar and
Kishar, commonly interpreted as Uranus and Earth. In the Greek legends it was the olden sky god Uranus
who was the first ruler of Heaven, his wife was none other than planet earth better known as Gaia. Later
in the Greek epic, it was Cronos his son who came down "drunk with love" to impregnate his wife;
mother Earth, with his Heavenly seed. She gave birth to the Titan gods of Greek legend which eventually
led to his own castration by Zeus his son. This pattern of castration of the ruling father is common among
ancient cultures, and in the Greek story, Zeus eventually castrated his father Cronos and ruled the gods of
Olympia. To the ancient Greeks therefore, the original sky father was Uranus.
He was ritually castrated after a long reign by his son Cronos, the god of time who wields a sickle
of death. From the legends of the Greek gods, we learn that both Uranus and Saturn were considered to be
planets of the ruling gods that originally seeded mother earth with his life giving waters. In the epic of
creation as rewritten by the priest of Babylon, En.lil the god of the firmament is completely omitted. The
old gods of Sumer were replaced by Marduk, as the god who separated Heaven and Earth, En.lil was
officially deposed. Almost all the gods of Sumer were identified by their planetary bodies, but none had
been assigned to En.lil that was ever mentioned in text, but we now know what planet he occupied in the
old pantheon. Ea, his brother, is traditionally given the planet Neptune, known as Poseidon to the Greeks
and Romans, it's a watery planet as befitting Enki's nature.
However in the Sumerian text, En.lil is not only referred to as the "Great Mountain" but it was he
who caused the gods of grain to descend from the Mountain of Heaven to planet Earth. The earth over
which he now ruled, having caused its separation from the Mountain of Heaven. If we therefore assign the
planet Saturn to En.lil, will find that his epithets and deeds are in line with the mythology of Saturn as the
ancient ruler of the celestials and the god who reigned over the mythical golden age of bliss. What then is
the meaning of the legend of the separation of Heaven and Earth, and what happened to the Mountain of
Heaven, after the separation? Again all three stories assures us that the way the Mountain of Heaven and
Earth were separated, was to physically place a barrier, called a "firmament", between both planetary
bodies.
According to written text, this physical barrier is what prevents the two celestial waters from been
reunited in the future, thereby returning Heaven and Earth to their former state of chaos. This firmament
seems to be located somewhere in the Heavens according to all accounts, but as we know, the sky is an
endless space with billions of stars and galaxies, the question is, where do we look for just such a barrier?
All the books I have read and the explanations given, have pointed out the Asteroid belt as the firmament
of Heaven. Mars the closes planet to this belt is lifeless today; Jupiter which is next is a giant planet of
gas and icy moons. In fact beyond our world, there are no known planets with any life whatsoever such as
found on Earth. Where then is the Planet or Mountain of Heaven, which lies beyond a mysterious
firmament, the planet where life is said to have began?
This question might well be answered if we accept the ancient view of Mars been an Earth like
planet who gave its waters to planet Earth. However it was Saturn who was the ancient god of grain, and
therefore it too must have some relation to water. It was the planet of El, Bel, or Enlil who we are told in
Sumerian myth, originally brought grain and cattle down from Heaven for the ancient people of
Mesopotamia. It was also Enlil who gave the pickaxe to ancient man as a gift of ploughing. Both the
Bible and the Sumerian epic assures us that life began on Earth with a great flood from Heaven that
seeded our planet. If the planet of Heaven exists after giving its life forms to planet Earth, then surely it
must be part of our galaxy and whatever method was used to separate the waters from the waters, must
have been a catastrophic event that lifted the Earth from out of the flood waters.
Not only that, but reading from the text of all three stories, a great portion of the flood waters were
literally lifted up from the face of the Earth back into the heavens. We have demonstrated in the previous
Chapter, that just such a phenomena was known that can cause massive volumes of water to ascend
towards the Heavens by the passing of a massive celestial body very close to Earth. A reference to this
may be found in scripture where a celestial sea serpent is mentioned. In Isaiah 27:1 we have reference to a
great sea monster called Leviathan, it is seen as a terrible beast from the sea wreaking havoc on god's
creation. The great serpent seen here is an old enemy living in the seas against whom God will fight in a
coming battle, much as Marduk and Indra has done as we have seen.
Since this great sea which is home to such a monstrous creature, that is "swift and crooked" cannot
be considered to be terrestrial, there can be only one place where such a monster can abide; the great
celestial sea, and therefore there can only be one description of this mythical beast; a celestial body of
some kind; an object so terrible that it is quite capable of destroying the creative work of God. Have you
ever wondered why the ancient Chinese Emperors styled themselves' "Sons of the Dragon"? There are
some who will say it is in connection to the Sun. But in legends of old we have celestial monsters that
periodically swallow the sun according to mythology; one needs not ask what these "monsters" represent
today. Clearly then, we have a more ferocious and malevolent "monster" that was capable of swallowing
the very sun.
Although this is only a metaphor for some Heavenly phenomena, the age old fear of the great
Dragon that was worshipped, honoured and even admired by the ancients is well documented in many
ancient cultures. If this practice was so prominent in ancient times, then surely there must be a good
reason for Kings and Emperors to adopt the celestial dragon as one of great power and authority among
ancient cultures. Hence we have the constant referrals by many great rulers to be "Sons of the Dragon".
From previous Chapters we have seen how not only were the Sumerian gods known as serpents, but the
battle of Marduk was against just such a mythical creature living in the great celestial sea. With our
knowledge of the ancient gods and in particular the mythology of Mars, could it be that the celestial
dragon of old is indeed the planet Mars? That this is indeed possible we will prove in a later Chapter, for
it will return again at the end of the ages according to the Norse legend of Beowulf.

"After Heaven had been moved away from Earth, after Earth had been separated from Heaven,
after the name of man had been fixed; after An had carried off Heaven. After Enlil had carried off Earth,
after Ereshkigal had been carried off into Kur (the underworld) as its prize; after he had set sail, after he
had set sail, after the father for Kur had set sail, after En.Ki for Kur had set sail; against the King the
small ones it (Kur) hurled, against En.Ki, the large ones it hurled; Its small ones, stones of the hand. Its
large ones, stones of . . . reeds, the keel of the boat of En.Ki, in battle, like the attacking storm,
overwhelm; against the King, the water at the head of the boat, like a wolf devours, against En.Ki, the
water at the rear of the boat, like a lion strikes down".

When the passage above is decoded, it becomes very clear that to the ancients, Heaven and Earth
was once a joint Mountain. Throughout Sumerian literature you will find this idea repeated time and time
again. They continuously stress that in the beginning of time, The Mountains of Heaven and Earth were
joined together. This is echoed in the above narrative. They strongly believed and preached the doctrine
that Heaven and Earth, originally united, were forcefully separated and carried away from each other. It
was after this momentous event in time, that the grain gods were lowered from Heaven. Vegetation came
into being and the creation of man followed soon after. An, the Heavenly god, carried off the northern
regions of Heaven, while Enlil, the god of celestial regions, carried off Earth, En.ki was given the
southern region of the heavens as his watery domain. Thus the rulership of Heaven and Earth was divided
between the ruling Sumerian gods, En.lil, Anu, and En.ki seemingly according to a divine plan.
The Goddess Ereshkigal, who originally was a sky-Goddess, was carried off into the underworld,
perhaps to become Queen of the lower regions. Next we see the water-god En.Ki setting sail in his boat of
Heaven, while the primeval waters and a great mass of rocks launched a ferocious attacked against Enki's
boat front and rear. Could there be any doubt that En.Ki is here represented as the great flood waters
which descended upon earth at the creation of life? One of En.kis' names is the Ushum.gal "the great
serpent dragon", and like all serpents when shown descending from Heaven, we are dealing with a
celestial body. En.Ki as the primeval serpent, is seen here as bringing the celestial waters of Heaven down
to planet Earth as we see in the myth of the Ab.Zu been his dwelling place after his conquest in the
Enuma Elish. The fact that he descended with masses of rocks before and behind him attacking his
celestial boat seems to imply the disintegration of a celestial body falling to Earth or the underworld in
this case as pictured here. In a Sumerian poem praising En.ki the primeval water god we read:

"En.Ki, the King of the Abzu, justly praises himself in his majesty: My father, the King of Heaven
and Earth, made me famous in Heaven and Earth. My elder brother En.lil, the King of all the lands,
gathered up all the divine powers and placed them in my hand. I brought the arts and crafts from the E-
Kur, the house of Enlil, to my Abzu in Eridu. I am the good semen, begotten by a wild bull, I am the first
born of An. I am a great storm rising over the great Earth; I am the great lord of the Land. At my
command, sheepfolds have been built; cow-pens have been fenced off. When I approach Heaven, a rain
of abundance rains from Heaven; when I approach Earth, there is a high carp-flood".

From the first half of this narrative we may conclude the following cosmogony concepts as viewed
by the Sumerian people.

 In the beginning of time The Mountain of Heaven and Earth were joined in a watery bond.
 The gods existed in this joint Heavenly Mountain.
 Upon the separation of Heaven and Earth, it was the Sky god Anu who carried off Heaven.
 Enlil, the god of the firmament separated this Mountain and then carried off planet Earth.
 Ereshkigal became Queen of the underworld

Some very crucial points in this passage are worth noting in order to better understand the mind of
the ancients. For instance, was Heaven and Earth conceived as been created, and if so, by whom? Where
was the Mountain of Heaven and Earth located, and what did it look like as conceived by the Sumerians?
Who separated Heaven from Earth? The answers to these three questions can be surmised using the
Sumerian texts to help decipher the story as seen through their eyes. Nammu is the Sumerian Creatrix
Goddess. Her name is usually written with the sign engur, which is also used to write Ap.Su. She
personifies the Ap.Su, or the sweet fertile waters, as the source of life and hence fertility. God-lists and
other texts describes her as "The Mother who gave birth to Heaven and Earth", "Mother, First One, who
gave birth to the gods of the universe", or "Mother of Everything". She is a Goddess without a spouse, the
self-procreating womb of the universe, the primal matter, standing for the female sex as the one
apparently able to create spontaneously, as expressed in a hymn to the temple of Eridu, "E-engur, womb
of abundance".
She is therefore the primeval waters of chaos that brought the universe and life into being, all such
creatrix or womb Goddess are considered to be Serpent like. Just as Ti.Amat was called, and later
Nin.Hursag, the sister of En.lil and En.ki in Sumer, who helped to create real flesh and blood mankind.
The myth of "Cattle and Grain", which describes the birth in Heaven of the spirits of cattle and grain, that
were then sent down to earth to bring prosperity to mankind, begins with the following lines: "After on
the Mountain of Heaven and Earth, An had caused the Anunnaki (his followers) to be born". It was these
very same gods we are told who lived in the dust eating food with their mouths like the beast of the field.
Their status in the Sumerian epic is unclear, since at one time they appear to be a type of slave worker for
the gods. While in other text they are looked upon as the great builders of the cities of Babylon and
Sumer, it was their revolt as we saw, which lead to the creation of mankind. The Sumerian myth "The
Creation of the Pickaxe", which describes the fashioning and dedication of this valuable agricultural
implement, is introduced with the following passage:

"The lord, that which is appropriate verily he caused to appear, the lord whose decisions are unalterable,
Enlil, who brings up the seed of the land from the Earth; took care to move away Heaven from Earth".

It was the god Enlil, as we have seen in another chapter, who separated Heaven from Earth,
although the text fails to show just how this was accomplished. Nevertheless, we have shown compelling
evidence in the preceding chapters that clearly indicates that the separation of Heaven and Earth was a
violent catastrophic event. The cosmogony or creation concepts of the Sumerians seem to have evolved to
explain the origin of the universe and may be summed up as follows:

1: First there was the Primeval Sea. Nothing is said of its origin, and it is not unlikely that the Sumerians
conceived it as having existed eternally.
2: This Primeval Sea begot the Cosmic Mountain consisting of Heaven and Earth united.
3: Conceived as gods in human form, An (Heaven) became the god of the highest Heaven with Ki
(Earth), been female, becoming his terrestrial bride.

From their union was born the god Enlil at whose birth both Mountains became separated. Since
En.lil is viewed as one of the founding gods of Sumerian civilisation, he could not have separated Heaven
and Earth simply by splitting them apart as one would a piece of wood. En.lil in his character as the agent
of separation would signify something more sinister. His name in Sumer is "Father En.lil the Great
Mountain". It is not hard to see by now that the "Mountain" referrers to some kind of celestial body. It
follows then, that it was another "Mountain" which caused Heaven and Earth to become separated;
something that split both Mountains apart, causing the gods in the two Mountains to become separated.
Some gods remained on the Mountain of Heaven, while other gods such as En.ki, En.lil, the Anunnaki,
Nin.Hursag, Ereshkigal, and a host of spirits and divine beings descended to Earth.
In the Enûma Elish we met the planetary gods, Anshar and Kishar who are suggested to be the
personification of planet earth and the planet Saturn. Anu, their son, was seen as the heir to the Heavenly
throne, but according to the rule of ancient Kingship, a successor cannot reign until the death of the ruling
King, unless of course he is overthrown, or some other event should transpire. We will explore this fully
when we come to the story of Cronos and his sons who castrated him in Greek mythology. It will explain
a lot of the hidden meanings behind the Sumerian epics, and show how Anu came to rule in Heaven as
The Great Mountain. I suggest that the real meaning of An.Shar is: Mountain of Heaven or Heavenly
Mountain and Ki.Shar is to be understood as The Mountain of Earth. If this concept is employed for these
planetary gods in line with Sumerian cosmology; the missing pieces of the puzzle will suddenly fall into
place.
We know from Sumerian text that Anu was also known as "The Great Wild Bull of Heaven" and
"The Great Mountain". It should now be clear how he could have attained such epithets. His father
An.Shar would certainly have passed the Kingship onto him; hence he would naturally acquire his name
also of Heavenly Mountain. The spouse of Anu would then be none other than Ki.Shar, planet Earth,
which appears to be still joined to the Mountain of Heaven. Having fathered a son, En.lil, in the cosmic
"Mountain of Heaven and Earth", before the two Mountains were separated, the two gods (Anu and
En.lil) would soon become separate rulers after the division of the Mountains of Heaven and Earth, the
fresh water of Earth was to become the domain of the god En.Ki, lord of the Ap.Su. The problem with
adopting this scenario is the fact that En.lil must have been some kind of monstrous god if he was able to
cause such a catastrophic separation of his parents, Heaven and Earth.
 He was in effect, a "Mountain" created within the joint "Mountain" of Heaven and Earth. At his
celestial birth, he literally split the Mountains apart with such violence, that they ended up in different
orbits in the Heavens. How else can we describe the "Great Mountain" motive, other than as a celestial
serpent aka asteroid or some great celestial body? An object so massive, that it quite literally spit the
Mountains of Heaven and Earth apart. Just as Marduk is said to have divided Ti.Amat in two halves, one
becoming planet Earth, while the other half of the body sailed off into the Northern regions, with the tail
supposedly forming the present asteroid belt circling between Mars and Jupiter. We have shown in a
previous chapter how the "breath of god" stirred the great waters covering the earth at the beginning of
creation, and we have identified En.lil whose epithet is "lord of the firmament" as been the one who
separated the Mountains of Heaven and Earth.
With this in mind we can conclude that both the Bible and the Sumerian text must be viewed as
referring to the same event where some kind of celestial body, perhaps Mars, the King of the gods in
ancient times, was instrumental in both imparting and lifting the fallen waters of Heaven from a
submerged Earth. You have seen previously the effects a large celestial body will have on the oceans
during a close encounter. The aftermath of such a catastrophic encounter with a planet as big as Mars, can
best be described as we have seen in the Enûma Elish, and the legend of Typhon who was struck with a
thunderbolt by Zeus. The devastation we have seen in both epics following a celestial battle goes a long
way in showing how God could have "breathed upon the face of the waters" thereby causing a separation
of the "waters from the waters".
Further proof that it was no simple breath that stirred the great ocean covering the earth at creation
is provided in the Exodus story. We learn from scripture that it was a mighty east wind that blew all night
on the sea of crossing. The waters we are told were heaped up high on both sides in order that the
Israelites could cross on dry land. This text in itself might look like a simple miracle, but on close
inspection one is immediately struck by something very odd and mysterious. Anyone witnessing a gale
force hurricane blowing over a body of water will know for a fact that the water will not rise or part in
heaps. Instead of doing so, it will generate great waves lashing the shores, but in the Exodus story a very
different scene is presented to us. How can a body of water be made to "rise up in heaps toward Heaven"
and what kind of wind can cause the ocean floor to be suddenly dried up into hard solid ground virtually
overnight? We will return to this in the Chapter dealing with the Exodus of the Hebrews, where we will
once again meet the learned Dr. Emmanuel Velikovsky and his theory of comet Venus, he has a
fascinating story to tell.
Among the ancient literature of gods and heroes, one is hard put to find a more poetic rendition than
that of the Greek poets. In the opening page of this book, I quoted passages from the "Theogony" of
Hesiod. The poem is a very long detailed epic of the Greek gods of creation, the age of chaos brought on
by the Titans, and the numerous sons and daughters of the Greek pantheon. The epic is well worth
reading as it deals with the Greek legends of the ancient gods in a way that is missing from the Sumerian
and Babylonian versions. Their detailed legacy of the exploits of Zeus is indeed very important in tracing
the migration of the Sumerian gods after the fall of Sumer in the 2nd century B.C, all the way to the
islands of the Mediterranean and mainland Europe.
This is especial so in the identification of the King of the gods Zeus, who, as we have seen is none
other than the ancient Babylonian thunder god who has borne such names as Ba'al, Adad, Hadad, Ishkur,
Teshub, Rimmon, Marduk, Nergal, Ninurta, and En.lil, all associated with the god Mars whose iron
weapon was at times the thunderbolt, the hammer, and the lightening spear. Like the Egyptian deities, the
Greek pantheon is more human minded and seems to share in the suffering and triumphs of mortals. The
life of ancient man was indeed closely knit with that of his god to whom he looked for guidance in every
day affairs. Hence in the age of Hammurabi, Nebuchadnezzar, and Moses, it was the gods who handed
down the laws of the land, and it was to them that the people turned in time of crisis. The land and all its
produce was a direct blessing from the agricultural deities and the ruler of the pantheon.
God and man co-existed in a society that lived for the service of its god, to these people god was not
in some mythical Heaven that could not be reached. Instead, he was right here living among his people,
the impact of such a belief among the population was to create a lasting legacy of temple worship, great
hymns and religious text left for posterity. Our Bible is just one of the many books to have originated in
the East, beside the numerous texts from Mesopotamia; we have the Indian continent and their stories of
great heroes and gods who performed mighty deeds among mortals. The Hindu Vedas are full of glorious
praise to the ancient gods, such as Indra, Shiva and Braham. Their history books are replete with
marvellous stories of gods and heroes, ancient battles in aerial cars employing sophisticated weapons
which were unheard of in most ancient cultures.
Today, visitors to the Indian continent still marvel with awe at the masterpiece of architecture that
abounds in these lands, there are great temples in India and Pakistan that quite simply defy modern
geometry and design. The sheer skill and precision of the artist of a bygone age, is a testimony to the skill
of a people whose legacy is written in stone. Mankind has raised great magnificent temples to his god
throughout the ancient world, all the while living in mud and reed huts etching out a living in a harsh
unrelenting land. But why? Today, while the great temples remain as a lasting testimony of mans'
reverence for his god, their own humble abode has long since crumbled into the dust of time. How far
indeed has modern man drifted from the worship and adoration of his god, their world been one of self
sacrifice and humble worship of the gods who created their ancestors in their own image.
We, on the other hand, are a people of materialism and self worship. Man has become his own god,
just as the book of Genesis records at the fall of Adam, he was driven from the abode of the gods; "less he
become one of us". How indeed, did the ancients acquire such profound knowledge as displayed in the
crafting of the magnificent buildings around the world? Many attempts have been made recently by
means of modern technology to build small scale models of the great pyramids. Yet the efforts of the
engineers to quarry and transport large blocks of stone, have all failed to show just how the ancients could
have accomplished such unbelievable feats. Both the ancient Greeks and Romans were deeply religious
and devout worshippers of the gods. Their city states and livelihood were gifts from the gods; they
worked the lands and harvested the produce in honour of the gods. In fact their very lives revolved around
birth, servitude to the gods, worship, temple building, war, and preparation for a life amongst the gods
after death.