Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Management
Sasaran
Apa itu Manajemen Rantai Pasokan
Pentingnya Manajemen Rantai Pasokan
Dasar‐dasar Manajemen Rantai Pasokan
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What Is
Supply Chain & SCM?
• Supply Chain
– Jaringan fasilitas dan aktivitas yang saling
terkait yang menciptakan dan mengantarkan
produk dan layanan kepada konsumen akhir.
• Supply Chain Management (SCM)
– Suatu Pendekatan/ Sistem total untuk
mengelola keseluruhan arus informasi, bahan,
dan layanan dari pemasok bahan baku melalui
pabrik dan gudang sampai konsumen akhir.
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Notice:
• Siapa yang terlibat?
• Apa tujuannya?
• Tingkat aktivitas apa yang
terlibat?
• Apa yang di maksud dengan
integrasi?
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Supply Chain
Suppliers Manufacturers Warehouses & Customers
Distribution Centers
Transportation Transportation
Costs Costs
Material Costs Transportation
Manufacturing Costs Inventory Costs Costs
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Supply Chain Management (SCM)
Plan Source Make Deliver Buy
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The Supply Chain Flows
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A Supply Chain
Figure 11.1
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Supply Chain Management Evolution
Tahap 1 –
Perusahaan fokus secara internal & fungsi dikelola secara terpisah.
Efek silo bersifat reaktif & berorientasi pada tujuan jangka pendek.
Tahap 2 –
Perusahaan mengintegrasikan usaha & sumber daya di antara
fungsi internal.
Tahap 3 –
Perusahaan menautkan (link) pemasok / pelanggan dengan proses
perusahaan.
Tahap 4 –
Perusahaan memperluas pengaruh rantai pasokan di luar pemasok
atau pelanggan langsung atau tingkat pertama.
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SCM Evolution
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PENTINGNYA “Supply Chain
Management”
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Pentingnya “Supply Chain Management”
Menurunkan biaya, kualitas yang lebih baik, dan layanan pelanggan yang
lebih baik adalah alasan untuk menerapkan Manajemen Rantai Pasokan.
Serta:
– Reduced Bullwhip Effect‐ Mengurangi safety stocks Supply Chain
melalui koordinasi perencanaan dan sharing informasi
– Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment activities,
reduce the Bullwhip Effect dan mengarah pada layanan pelanggan
yang lebih baik, biaya persediaan yang lebih rendah, kualitas yang
lebih baik, waktu siklus yang berkurang, metode produksi yang lebih
baik, dan manfaat lainnya.
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Supply Chain Variability
Manufacturer Forecast
of Sales
Volumes
Actual
Consumer
Retailer Warehouse Demand
Retailer Orders to Shop
Production Plan
Time
Source: Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value Chain Management, 1998
1-13
What Management Gets...
Volumes
Consumer
Demand
Production Plan
Time
Source: Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value Chain Management, 1998
1-14
What Management Wants…
Volumes
Production Plan
Consumer
Demand
Time
Source: Tom Mc Guffry, Electronic Commerce and Value Chain Management, 1998
1-15
Saat ini, banyak masalah lain juga bisa mendorong Supply Chain
Management
1. Perbaiki operasi
2. Meningkatkan tingkat outsourcing
3. Meningkatkan biaya transportasi
4. Tekanan kompetitif
5. Meningkatkan globalisasi
6. Meningkatnya pentingnya e‐commerce
7. Kompleksitas rantai pasokan
8. Kelola persediaan
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The Foundations of Supply Chain
Management
Supplier management, supplier
Supply
evaluation, supplier certification,
Management
strategic partnerships
Demand management, MRP, ERP,
inventory visibility, JIT ( lean production
Operations
& Toyota Production System), TQM ( Six
Sigma)
Transportation management, customer
relationship management, distribution
Logistics network, perfect order fulfillment, global
supply chains, service response
logistics
Key process integration, performance
Integration
measurement
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The Foundations of Supply Chain
Management (Cont.)
Purchasing Trends:
– Long term relationships
– Supplier management‐ improve performance
through
• Supplier evaluation (determining supplier capabilities)
• Supplier certification (third party or internal certification
to assure product quality and service requirements)
– Strategic partnerships‐ hubungan yang berhasil dan
saling percaya dengan pemasok dengan kinerja
terbaik
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Important Elements of Supply Chain
Management (Cont.)
Operations Trends:
– Demand management‐ match demand to available capacity
– Linking buyers & suppliers via MRP and ERP systems
– Use JIT to improve the “pull” of materials to reduce
inventory levels
– Employ TQM to improve quality compliance among suppliers
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Important Elements of Supply Chain
Management (Cont.)
Distribution (Logistics) Trends:
– Transportation management‐ tradeoff decisions between cost & timing of
delivery/customer service via trucks, rail, water & air
– Customer relationship management‐ strategies to ensure deliveries,
resolve complaints, improve communications, & maximize customer
profitability
– Network design‐ creating distribution networks based on tradeoff
decisions between cost & sophistication of distribution system
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Important Elements of Supply Chain
Management (Cont.)
Integration Trends:
– Supply Chain Process Integration‐ when supply chain
participants work for common goals. Requires
intrafirm functional integration. Based on efforts to
change attitudes & adversarial relationships
– Supply Chain Performance Measurement‐ Crucial for
firms to know if procedures are working
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What’s New?
• Persaingan global
• Siklus hidup produk lebih pendek
• Saluran distribusi baru dan murah
• Pelanggan dengan informasi lebih
baik
• Strategi Internet dan E‐Business
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• THANK YOU.
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