HydrologicalDesignReportCP11CP12CP13 PDF

MAHARASHRA STATE ROAD
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LTD.
DRAFT FEASIBILITY REPORT

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN OF ROAD BRIDGES
FOR
CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR PREPARATION OF FEASIBILITY
STUDY AND DETAILED PROJECT REPORT OF ACCESS CONTROLLED
NAGPUR-MUMBAI SUPER COMMUNICATION EXPRESSWAY
PACKAGE IV – NASHIK REVENUE DIVISION
MAY 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION TITTLE PAGE

NO NO.
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 GENERAL 1
1.2 OBJECTIVES 2
1.3 INPUT DATA 2
1.4 METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR HYDROLOGIC 3
DESIGN OF BRIDGES
2.0 HYDROLOGIC DESIGN CRITERIA 4
2.1 RETURN PERIOD 4
2.2 ESTIMATION OF DESIGN FLOOD PEAK 4
2.3 LINEAR WATER WAY OF THE BRIDGE 12
2.4 DETERMINATION OF AFFLUX 13
2.5 VERTICAL CLEARANCE: 14
2.6 SCOUR DEPTH 15
3.0 EXISTING BRIDGES 16
4.0 PROPOSED BRIDGES 16
4.1 ASSUMPTIONS & CONSIDERATIONS 16
4.2 SUMMARY OF HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES 17
5.0 FURTHER WORKS 18
REFERENCES
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE-I- ISOPLUVIAL MAPS
ANNEXURE-II- PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING NEARBY
EXISITNG AND PROPOSED BRIDGE SITES
ANNEXURE-III-HYDRAULIC DESIGN CALCULATIONS
OF BRIDGES
HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

DRAFT FEASIBILITY REPORT i
LIST OF DRAWINGS
MAP SHOWING CATCHMENT AREA FOR BRIDGE AT

CH. 515KM.
LIST OF DRAWINGS
Sl. DRAWING NUMBER TITTLE

No.
1. TCE.10235A-100-SI- CATCHMENT AREA MAP FOR BRIDGE -1 AT

30000 CH. 515KM.

DRAFT FEASIBILITY REPORT ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General:
The Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd. Mumbai (MSRDC) has
been entrusted with the assignment of project management consultancy including
preparation of Feasibility study/ detailed project report of Access controlled Nagpur-
Mumbai communication super expressway (NMSCE) in order to establish high-speed
connectivity between Nagpur and Mumbai. The proposed NMSCE is intended to divert
and redistribute the heavy traffic on existing corridors.
The proposed expressway (NMSCE) will pass through 12 districts from Vidarbha
through Marathwada to Konkan regions. The major settlements which are set to be part
of this plan are Nagpur District, Wardha District, Amravati District, Yavatmal District,
Washim District, Buldana District, Jalna District, Aurangabad District, Ahmadnagar
District, Nasik District, Thane District and Mumbai. Besides a number of villages would
also be part of the proposed NMSCE. The entire length of the proposed NMSCE is
about 699.7 km and is divided into five packages. One of package is package-IV -
Kopargaon -Sinner-Igatpuri having total length of about 126.7 km.
In this regards, MSRDC has entrusted assignment of Consultancy services for

preparation of Feasibility study/Detailed Project Report of access Controlled
Nagpur-Mumbai super Communication Expressway -package IV to Tata consulting
engineers limited (TCE).
Hydrological inputs play an important role in planning, execution and operation of any
hydraulic structures located along the road corridor. In most of the cases, sufficient
hydrological & meteorological records are not available of the catchment areas are
ungauged.
Generally, proposed alignments of any expressway corridor crosses a number of rivers/

streams / nallahs/canals with small, medium or large catchment. Hence hydrological

DRAFT FEASIBILITY REPORT 1
design is carried out for proposed bridges and other water related structures at feasibility
study stage.
1.2 Objectives:
The main objectives of the hydrologic study of bridges site at feasibility stage are:
i) Determination of linear water for Design Flood discharge.
ii) Afflux and HFL calculation
iii) Scour depth calculations
1.3 Input data :
i) Location of proposed bridge sites on NMSCE alignment

ii) Rainfall data:
For finding design discharges of any given return period, input rainfalls for the design
return period are required for all the cross drainage structure. These data are taken
from the 24 hour Isopluvial maps published by Indian metrological department (Ref :
Atlas of statewise generalised Isopluvial maps for central India (part-III), 2008). As per
recommendations of the Indian Road Congress (IRC: 5 and SP- 42), these rainfall
values of 24 hr. duration are adjusted for evaluating design storm corresponding to
time of concentrations for all catchments. Rainfall values used for computing
discharge is found from mean annual rainfall and 24 hour rainfalls for 25 years, 50
years and 100 years return periods as given below
Rainfall Data
Place Mean 24 hr rainfall (in

Annual mm) for following
Rainfall return periods
(mm) 50 years 100 years
Igatpuri 3508 360 420
Trimbakeshwar 2363 400 440
Nashik 890 240 300
Sinner 484 220 280
Kopargoan 484 200 240

iii) Approximate cross section of stream: top width of channel assumed from Google
earth and toposheet maps
iv) Toposheets for locating bridges and for determination of catchment area
characteristics.
v) Reconnaissance survey data and photos collected during site visits.
vi) Flood estimation report for Upper Godavari Basin ( subzone -3e).
1.4 Methodology adopted for Hydrologic design of bridges:
All structures will be designed in accordance with the relevant Codes, standards and
specifications, Special publications and guidelines of the India Road Congress.
Following step are adopted for hydraulic design of proposed bridges
1.4.1 Delineation of catchment :
The Toposheets are superimposed in the drawing having location of bridge along NMSCE.
The Toposheet and Google earth imaginary have been studied with respect to proposed
bridge location. The catchment area is marked based on existing drainage network and
ridge line identified in the toposheets. Then, the length of longest stream and the slope of
the stream is determined. These bed slope is adopted for the peak discharge estimation.
1.4.2 Determination of Peak flow :

Design discharges for bridges are computed by using various methods as recommended by
IRC-5 and SP-13. Methods adopted in any particular case vary depending on available
data. Various methods adopted for discharge computation are a) Catchment areas methods
b) Area-Velocity method c) Unit hydrograph method
1.4.3 Determination of linear waterway & HFL :

a) Regime width of stream will be calculated based on Peak flow computed as per 1.4.2 .
This waterway will be compared existing waterway of nearby bridge at just u/s or d/s
of proposed bridge. If existing waterway is greater than required waterway, existing
waterway will be adopted for proposed bridge. As far as possible odd number of span
may be fixed from hydraulic and aesthetic point of view and to avoid placing of centre
pier at deepest location of the stream. Proposed waterway of bridge will be near to
Regime width of stream or actual existing width of stream for design discharge.
b) Afflux will be calculated as per applicability for Weir flow condition or Orifice flow
condition. If difference in upstream head and downstream head is not less than 0.25
times downstream head, afflux computed from weir flow formula will be adopted,
otherwise afflux computed orifice flow formula will be used for HFL computation.

Then HFL will be calculated by adding afflux, total water head and bed level at just
upstream of proposed bridge.
c) Scour depth will be computed by appropriately increasing design discharge as per

IRC-78.
Design criteria and Hydraulic design calculations for proposed bridge structures are
presented in subsequent sections.
2.0 HYDROLOGIC DESIGN CRITERIA
Sizing of proposed bridge structure involves estimation of peak flow, determination of

linear waterway, Scour depth calculation, HFL calculations as stated in previous section.
All bridges on expressway corridor shall be of high level type. Design standards for
hydrologic study of bridges are discussed in subsequent Sub-sections.
2.1 Return period:

As per IRC-5:1998, the design discharge for waterway of bridge is to be designed for
flood of 50 years return, However, As per IRC-SP- 87-2013, all the structures (bridges
and other structures) shall have adequate waterway which shall in any case be not less
than that of existing bridge (except when such waterways can be reduced in cases like
clogging or silting of spans, etc.) The design discharge for bridges on expressway (
having six lane or more) shall be evaluated for flood of 100 year return period. (ref IRC-
SP-87-2013, cl. 7.5).
Hence, Hydraulic design of structures will be for the maximum floods of 100 year return
period and this design discharge will be utilised for estimation of linear waterway and
HFL calculations.
2.2 Estimation of design flood peak

Depending upon the size of Project catchment, availability of field data and other
primary data of Project area and the purpose for which it to be used ,various methods
are available for design flood peak estimation which are described as follows:

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN
2.2.1 Empirical formulae

a) Dicken's Formula:
This is most popular formula in the region used for peak flood estimation for
catchment area up to 25sq. Km. Dicken's formula is expressed as follows:
3 4
Q  CM
Where, Q = Peak runoff in cumecs

M = Catchment area in Sq.km.
C = Dicken’s constant
= 11-14 where the annual rainfall is 600 mm to 1200 mm
= 14- 19 where the annual rainfall is more than 1200 mm
= 22 in Western Ghats
b) Ingli's Formula:
This empirical formula is specifically devised for Bombay presidency.
125 M
Q
M  10
Where, Q = Maximum flood discharge in cumecs

M = Catchment area in Sq.km.
These empirical formulae are only depends on catchment area and other factor
catchment area slopes, soil characteristics, land use pattern, infiltration rates or other
losses, etc do not take in to account. These empirical formulae cannot be assigned to
any specific return period, however, these formulae can give fair idea about magnitude
of the peak flow range.
These formulae can be used for comparison of results by other methods and to
have extend of the peak flow.

2.2.2 Rational formulae
The rational formulae for assessment of peak discharge from project catchment
takes into account rainfall, runoff under various circumstances, time of concentration
and critical intensity of rainfall. Basic formulae are as under:
a) Time of concentration, tc, is obtained by Bhatnagar's Formula (ref: RBF-16)
i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
b) Time of concentration (SP-13, page 12),
tc= (0.87*L3/H)0.385
Where, L= Distance from the critical point to the structure in Km in km,

H = difference in level from the critical point to the structure in metre.
Tc = Time of concentration i.e time taken by runoff from farthest point on the
periphery of catchment t o r each the str uct ure locat ion (hrs)
Minimum of above is taken as Tc for computation of peak runoff.
c) Critical intensity of rainfall ( in cm/ hr ) is given as
Ic= F/Tc
Where, Tc is Time of concentration in hour and F is total rainfall accumulated during

storm duration equal to time of concentration, Tc.
Total rainfall accumulated during storm duration equal to time of concentration can be
taken as fraction of total rainfall occurs in 24 hours.
Therefore, F = C.F. x R24
Where, C.F. = time conversion factor from 24 hour to 1 hour as per Flood estimation
report for Upper Godavari basin subzone 3e, and
R24 = 24 hour rainfall for specified return period.
If one hour data is available, critical rainfall intensity can be estimated using following
equation:
 2 
I c  I 0  
 tc  1 

I0 is rainfall intensity corresponding to one hour storm duration in Cm /hr. tc is time of
concentration. Minimum time of concentration is assumed as 10 minutes.
d) Maximum discharge:
After obtaining critical rainfall intensity, maximum discharge can be computed using
following formula:
Q= 0.028 P x f x A x IC
Where, Q = Maximum discharge in cumecs
A = Catchment area in hectares

Ic = Critical intensity of rainfall in cm per hour during the period of time of
concentration
P = Coefficient of run off for the given catchment characteristics. (Ref.Table-

4.1, P-13, I.R.C. SP: 13-2004). In this case value of P is taken to be 0.70
(plateaus lightly covered) from Table 4.1 of IRC-SP-13 after
considering 100 year return period, future land use pattern, soil, terrain
slope, etc.
f = Spread factor for converting point rainfall into areal mean rainfall
(Determined from Fig.4.2, Page-14, I.R.C.: SP: 13-2004 u and from CWC
flood estimation report for Upper Godavari basin (subzone 3e).
2.2.3 Area-Velocity Method
The slope-area method based on the hydraulic characteristics of the stream is the
reliable method. This method is based on conveyance factor (K) and the slope (S) of
stream. For calculation of the conveyance factor, several cross-sections have been
used. These are at bridge site, upstream of bridge site and downstream of bridge site at
specified locations. The discharge is calculated by the Manning’s formula given below:
Q = KS1/2
And

K = conveyance factor
= 1/N x A x R 2/3
Where:
Q = Discharge in m3/sec.
A = Cross-sectional area of flow in sq. m.
R = Hydraulic mean depth in m = A/P
P = Wetted perimeter in m.
S = Mean longitudinal slope of the channel.
K = Conveyance factor for cross-section
N = Rugosity coefficient as per IRC: SP –13 as given below:
Rugosity Co-efficient used in Slope Area Method

Manning's N-values.
Sl. No. Surface (Natural Streams)
Perfect Good Fair Bad
Clean, straight bank, full stage, no rifts

1. 0.025 0.0275 0.030 0.033
or deep pools
Same as (1), but some weeds and

2. 0.030 0.033 0.035 0.040
stones
Winding, some pools and shoals,

3. 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050
clean
Same as (3), lower stages, more

4. 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055
ineffective slope and sections
5. Same as (3), some weeds and stones 0.033 0.035 0.040 0.045
6. Same as (4), stony sections 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060
Sluggish river reaches, rather weedy

7 0050 0.060 0.070 0.080
or with very deep pools
8 Very weedy reaches 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150
It may be noted that the discharge found from slope- area method is on the basis of
flood marks obtained at the site from local enquiry. Hence such discharge cannot be
assigned any return period unless year wise records of HFL are available.
For most of the bridge location, records of year wise water level are not available;
hence this method cannot be used for flood estimation for 100 year return period.

2.2.4 Unit Hydrograph Method
The synthetic Unit Hydrograph (UG) approach is given in flood estimation report for
Upper Godavari Basin (sub-zone 3e) published in collaboration of small catchments
directorate of Central Water Commission (CWC), Research-Development and
Standardisation Organisation (RDSO) of the Indian Railways and Indian Metrological
Department (IMD). With the aid of this report, design discharges using synthetic unit
hydrograph approach have been calculated for various proposed bridge structures. This
method is applicable for small water resources projects involving small/medium size
catchment areas, of about 5000 sq. kms with reasonable accuracy using engineering
judgments.
The estimation of the 100-yr flood from the Unit hydrograph method includes different
steps:
Step-1: Preparation of catchment area plan- Using the survey/Toposheets map, the
catchment areas for the stream up to proposed site location of hydraulic structures are
shown in the drawing.
Step-2: Determination of Physiographic parameters such as -catchment area (A) of

the stream, lengths of the stream, L, Lc and equivalent slope of the stream (s) in m/km
are determined based on map prepared in step-1. L is the longest length of main stream
along the river course in km and LC is length of main stream from point opposite to
centroid of catchment area to gauging site along main stream in km.
Step-3: Determination of synthetic unit hydrograph parameters

The various parameters required for generating the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph are Peak
flow per sq.km (qp), peak flow (Qp), basin lag time (tp), Peak time of UG (Tm), width of
the UG at 50%, 75% of Qp ( W 50 and W 75), Width of rising limb of UG at 50% and 75%
of Qp (W R50 and W R75) and Time base of UG (TB). The equations used for estimation of
these parameters are as given below:
i) tr = 1 hour
0.59
 L 
ii) basin lag time, t p  0.727  
 S 

q p  2.020 t p 
0.88
iii) Peak flow per sq.km ,
W50  2.228 / q p 
1.04
iv) Width of the UG at 50%,
W75  1.301 / q p 
0.96
v) Width of the UG at 75%,
WR 50  0.880 / q p 
1.01
vi)
WR 75  0.540 / q p 
0.96
vii)
TB  5.485 / t p 
0.73
viii)
ix) Tm  t p  tr / 2
x) Qp  q p  A ,
Step-3: Drawing of synthetic unit hydrograph.

The Unit hydrograph ordinates for known points are plotted on graph with representing
time duration on x- axis and discharge on y-axis. The graph is then normalized for
achieving rainfall excess of 1 cm as per procedure specified in the flood estimation
report.
Step-4: Estimation of design storm duration (TD).

Design storm duration can be determined using following relation:
TD = 1.1 tp
The storm duration is rounded with nearest multiple of unit storm duration.
Step-5: Estimation of Point rainfall and Areal rainfall design storm duration.
In case of rainfall data is available based on Frequency analysis; point rainfall for 100
year return period is generated.
In case of non-availability of rainfall data, Iso-pluvial maps made available by with IMD is
utilized.
Based on time conversion factors for converting 24-hour point rainfall into point rainfall
for design storm duration is computed. This conversion factor is taken in Fig-10 of Flood
estimation report for Subzone-3(e).

Then for getting areal rainfall, this point rainfall is multiplied by areal reduction factor for
the given catchment area for design from duration read from table-6 of Flood estimation
report for Subzone-3(e).
Step-6: Time distribution of areal rainfall and determination of rainfall increments

per unit duration(tr).
From table A-3 of Flood estimation report for Subzone-3(e), The time distribution factors
are taken and hour-wise rainfall increments are calculated.
Step-7: Estimation of excess rainfall after deducting prescribed design loss rate
from the rainfall increments.
Design loss is computed by following formula
( R ) 0.883
If  0.672
(Td ) 0.773
Where, If = Design loss in cm/hr, R= storm rainfall for design storm duration (Td)
This design loss is subtracted from hour-wise rainfall increment for obtaining rainfall
excess.
Step-8: Estimation of base flow

The Design base flow rate ( in cumec per sq.km) is computed by following formula
qB  0.122 /  A
0.304
Total base flow is obtained by multiplying the given catchment area to design base flow
rate.
Step-9: Computation of design peak discharge using critical sequence.
2.2.5 Final Design flood discharge:
After computing peak discharges of bridges by different methods as described above

sections are compared with one another. As far as possible, maximum of peak

discharges computed using rational formulae and Unit hydrograph methods are taken as
Design Discharge.
When the variation between the highest two values of discharges computed by different
methods is less than 50%, the highest discharge has been taken as design discharge.
When the variation between the highest two values of the discharges computed by
different methods is more than 50%, and then design discharge has to be taken as 1.5
times the lower of the two maximum values.
2.3 Linear Water way of the bridge:
When bridge is proposed crossing artificial channel for irrigation or navigation or when
the banks of natural stream are well defined, linear waterway should be full width of the
channel or stream.
a) For alluvial stream with undefined banks, the required effective linear waterway/
regime width (W) of bridge can be determined using Lacey's formula :
1/2
W = C (Q)
Where, W= Liner water way in metre

C = A coefficient varying according to local conditions, the usual value adopted being
4.5 to 6.3 (for regime channel) and as per IRC-SP-13 C = 4.8
Q = Design flood discharge in cumecs.
b) Linear waterway can be calculated as per Guideline given in Flood estimation report
for Sub zone 3e which is as given below:
1/3
W = 5.55 (Q100)
Where, W= Liner water way in metre

Q100 = Design flood discharge for 100 year return period in cumecs.
When stream overflows their bank for carrying discharge of 100 year return period and
creates wide surface width with shallow side sections, Engineering judgments have to be
used.

Based for existing width of natural stable stream at HFL, width of nearby existing bridge
nearby site on the same stream, Regime width calculated, the clear linear waterway is
fixed and then hydraulic flow condition around bridge is analyzed, If the chosen linear
waterway is viable for hydraulic flow through the bridge without causing excessive afflux
and exit velocity, then this waterway is adopted for HFL calculations.
2.4 Determination of Afflux

Afflux is the heading up of water over the flood level caused by constriction of waterway
at the bridge location in the stream. It is equal to the difference in water levels at u/s and
d/s of the bridge. Afflux can be calculated by following methods as applicable.
2.4.1 Afflux calculation by Weir formula:

3/ 2
 u2 
Q  1.706 CW L D
 u  

 2g 
Where, Q =Discharge in cumecs,

L =Linear effective clear waterway in meter under the bridge normal to channel
axis.
Du = Average depth of flow at upstream in meter measured above a datum
usually taken as reduced invert level of bridge
u= Velocity of approach in m/sec.
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/sec2.
Cw = the coefficient to take into account head losses and as per IRC: SP-13, the
values of this coefficient are as follows:
Type of Bridge opening Value of Cw

Narrow bridge opening with or without floors: 0.94
Wide bridge opening without floor: 0.96
Wide bridge opening with no bed floor: 0.98
The above formula is valid when afflux (Du – Dd) > ¼ Dd

Velocity of approach (u) has been calculated using the relation given as below:
u = Q/(Du *W) = Q/Au

Where,
W = Width of channel at upstream section and Au is the cross section of flow
upstream.
Dd = Depth of flow downstream measured above some datum i.e. invert R.L. of
bridge.
2.4.2 Afflux calculation by Orifice formula

1/ 2
 u2 
Q  C0 2 g LDd 
 h  (1  e) 

 2g 
Where, g = Acceleration due to gravity,

L = Linear water way in metre,
Dd = Depth downstream of the obstruction in metre,
h = Afflux = (Du – Dd),
u = Average velocity in approach section in metre/sec,
e = A factor accounting for recovery of some velocity as potential head on
emergence from the cross drainage openings, and Co = coefficients to
account for losses of head values of e and Co are taken from Fig 15.3 and Fig
15.4 of IRC-SP13 respectively.
The above formula is valid for h < ¼ Dd. As in the case of orifice, Co values given in Fig.
15.4 of IRC: SP-13 is applicable up to L/W = 0.5.
After Obtaining afflux, HFL can be fixed as HFL equal to sum of bed level of stream at
just u/s of bridge and total head at u/s of bridge including afflux.
2.5 Vertical Clearance:
2.5.1 In the case of a channel(stream), vertical clearance is usually the height from the design
highest flood level with afflux of the channel to the lowest point of the bridge
superstructure at the position along the bridge where clearance is being denoted.

2.5.2 The minimum vertical clearance will be kept in accordance with the following table. The
minimum clearance is measured from the lowest point of the deck structure inclusive of
main girder in the central half of the clear opening.
Sl. Discharge Min. Vertical

No. (m3/s) clearance (m)
1. Up to 0.30 m 0.150
2. Above 0.30 to 3.0 0.450
3. Above 3 to 30 0.600
4. Above 30 to 300 0.900
5. Above 300 to 3000 1.200
6. Above 3000 1.500
(ref: Cl.106 of IRC-5-1998)
2.6 Scour Depth

Foundation and protection works of the structure should be designed for larger
discharge by increasing design flood
Catchment area Increase in

Discharge
Less than 500 sq.km 30%
500 to 5000 sq.km 30% to 20%
5000 to 25000 sq.km 20 to 10%
More than 25000 sq.km 10%
As per IRC:5, IRC:SP:13 & IRC 78, published by Indian Roads Congress (IRC),
recommend use of Lacey’s (1930) equations for estimating scour depth. IRC method
does not distinguish between local scour, constriction scour and general scour.
The normal scour depth (measured below HFL) is given by Lacey’s equations below
R = 0.473(Q/f)1/3, when clear waterway of bridge is not less than regime
width of the stream.

When clear waterway ear width of bridge (Le) is less than regime width or and less than
natural unobstructed width of the stream (W), following Lacey’s equation is used for
estimating normal scour depth as per IRC: 5
R = 1.34 (q2/f)1/3, when L/W is less than one.
Where, R = the Lacey’s regime scour depth, measured below HFL ,

q = design discharge per unit width through bridge in cumec per meter
f = silt factor
The silt factor is calculated by the following equation:
f = 1.76 (d50)1/2
Where, d50 is the mean size bed materials obtained up to deepest anticipated scour
in mm and its value is to be obtained from sieve size analysis of the riverbed
materials collected at the site.
The maximum depth of scour below the highest flood Level (HFL) at obstructions and
configurations of the channel should be estimated from the value of ‘dsf‘on the following
basis:
(a) For the design of piers and abutments located in a straight reach and
having individual foundations without any floor protection works
(i) In the vicinity of piers = 2.0 * dsf
(ii) Near abutments = 1.27 * dsf
(b) For bad sites on curves or where diagonal current exist or the bridge is multi-span
structure, the maximum scour depth should be taken as tow times the normal scour
depth.
3.0 EXISTING BRIDGES
3.1 The existing bridges located nearby the proposed road alignment have been studied with
respect to proposed bridges and photographs are attached in Annexure-I.
4.0 PROPOSED BRIDGES:
4.1 Assumptions & considerations made for hydrologic design of Bridges:
i) Due to non availability of topographical survey data of the bridge location covering u/s
and downstream sides of the stream, the physiographic parameters (stream c/s,
slope, Catchment area and its slope) are calculated by using available toposheets

with alignment plan in combination with toposheet available with University of Texas
library.
ii) As normalized rainfall data is not available, Isopluvial maps available for India as
published by Indian metrological department are utilised for preliminary hydraulic
design of bridges.
iii) Due to non availability of future land use pattern of the catchment area upto designed
return period, runoff coefficient is assumed for runoff calculations based on Soil in the
catchment area as per IRC-SP-13.
iv) In absence of Adequate cross section at U/S and D/s of the bridge location covering
the flood plain of the streams, Top width of stream is assumed from Google earth
data are used.
v) In absence of contour map of U/s and D/s of the bridge, Slope of stream is worked out
based on toposheet/ google earth data.
vi) In absence of Bank and bed characteristics data and observed flow velocity for a
particular depth, Manning's "n" is assumed for u/s and /s cross section as per IRC-
SP-13.
vii) In absence of Grain size distribution of Bed sediments and for strata up to probable
scour depth at bridge location, Average grain side is assumed for determination of Silt
factors.
viii) In absence of Flood marks data, stream sections, water depth for 100 year flood or
observed stream flow data, Area- velocity method is not used for determination of
design discharge for bridge.
ix) In absence of actual width of stream at HFL of 100 year flood, there is uncertainty
about actual constriction ratio at bridge locations.
4.2 Summary of hydraulic design
Summary of hydraulic design of Proposed bridges are given in following table and
assumptions made during design calculated are stated in above sub-section :

sr. Bridge Type Chainage River/ Canal Clear Bed HFL Scour depth
No. linear level (m)
waterway Normal Max.=
(dsm) (2xdsm)
((km) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m)
1. Major 515.000 Stream 301 490.0 499.32 9.21 18.43
Bridge (Gadavari
across river)
Godavari
2 Major bridge 537.735 Stream 100 534.0 536.97 4.14 8.27
(Dodni river)
3 Minor bridge 549.293 Stream 35 575 578.91 6.54 13.09
(Lande river)
4 Minor bridge 527.528 Stream 56 505.5 509.74 7.78 15.56
(Local nalla)
5 Minor bridge 550.589 Stream (Local 12 585 587.35 4.32 8.64
nalla)
6 Minor bridge 551.975 Stream (jam 45 585 588.94 4.54 9.08
river)
7 Minor bridge 552.800 Stream (Local 37.5 590 593.27 5.24 10.47
nalla)
8 Minor bridge 619.489 Dharna river 60.0 572.0 577.32 8.09 16.18

nalla)
nalla)
nalla)
Hydrologic design of Bridges as specified in above table at feasibility stage may change/
refine based on availability of actual data and actual structural sizing details.
Design calculations for Bridges are attached in Annexure-III.
5.0 FURTHER WORKS:
5.1 Presently, Topographical survey of the expressway corridor is in progress. This study
may be refined/modified based on availability of the input data as specified in as per
IRC-SP-54.

References
SL. Code No. Title

No.
1. IRC:5-1985 Standard Specifications & Code of Practice for Road
Bridges,
Section I- General Features of Design
2. IRC-SP: 87- Manual of Specifications & Standards for Six Laning of
2013 Highways Through Public Private Partnership
3. IRC-SP:13-2004 Guidelines for Design of Small Bridges and Culverts
4. IRC:78-2000 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road
Bridges,
Section VII – Foundations and Substructure
5. -- 2008, Atlas of statewise generalised Isopluvial maps for
central India (part-III) Published by Indian metrological
Department
6. CB/12/1985 1985, Flood Estimation report for Upper Gadavari (Sub-Zone
3e)
7. 1972, Design flood recommended procedure published by
CWC.
8. 1998, Indian Railway Bridge Manual
9. Handbook of Applied Hydrology by V.T Chow
10. Open channel hydraulics by V.T Chow
Websites-
11. WebSite of Library of University of Texa,US:
http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/india/
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE I
ISOPLUVIAL MAP
ANNEXURE II
PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING NEARBY EXISITNG
BRIDGES AND PROPOSED BRIDGES
ANNEXURE-I. PHOTOGRAPH SHOWING BRIDGE LOCATIONS
I.1 Bridge At Chainage 549.293 km:
I-1
I-2
I-3
I.2 Bridge At Chainage 551.975 km:
I-4
I-5
I.3 Bridge At Chainage 552.80km:
I-6
I-7
I-8
I-9
I-10
I-11
I-12
I.7 Back water of dam between at 611 to 612 km:
I-13
I.8 Back water of Kadwa dam between at 597.949 km:
I-14
I-15
ANNEXURE III
HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES
BY: TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED JOB NO.: TCE. 10235A
DATE: dd-mm-yyyy CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT:
CHD.: PROJECT: Mumbai Nagpur Super expressway- Package-IV DOC. NO.: 10235A-CV-3032- 101
DATE: dd-mm-yyyy BU: infra DC: Pune DISC.: CV SH. OF REV. NO.: P0
Preliminary Hydraulic design calculations for Bridge at Chainage 515 km
Data/ Assumptions :
1) map showing bridge location : alignment plan of road showing Chainage available in kml & dwg
2) map showing toposheet along alignment of road is available, however all toposheet covering
catchment area of bridges will be required. In absence of this, catchment area for bridge is assumed beyond available toposheet.
3) Rainfall data is not available, Isopluvial maps available for India as published by Indian metrological department.
are utilised for preliminary hydraulic design of bridges.
4) Runoff coefficient is assumed for runoff calculations based on Soil in the catchment area
5) In absence of cross section at U/S and D/s of the bridge location, Google earth data are used. Similarly, Slope of stream
is worked out based on toposheet/ google earth data.
6) Manning's "n" is assumed for u/s and /s cross section.
7) Silt factor is taken for boulderly strata in absence of bed grain size distribution analysis at bridge location
8)In absence of Flood marks data, stream flow data, Area- velocity method is not used for determination of design discharge for bridge.
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000
4) CWC Flood estimation report for Upper Godavari (Sub zone 3e)
5) Atlas of statewise Generalised ISOPLUVIAL (Return periods) Maps of Central India (Part-III) -2008
FILE NAME: F010R3.XLSX TCE FORM NO. 010 R3

Preliminary Design of bridge at ch. 515km
DATE: CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT:
CHD.: PROJECT: Mumbai Nagpur Superexpressway- Package-IV DOC. NO.: 10235A-CV-3032- 101
DATE: BU: Infra DC: Pune DISC.: CV SH. OF REV. NO.: P0
Design Discharge Calculation for Bridge at Chainage 537+735

Details of the Structure
Name and Number of Subzone - Upper Godavari ( Subzone- 3e)
Name of Site -
Chainage - 515 km + m
Type of Stream - Godavari
Site Location - Samvatsar - Kokamthan tal- Kopergaon, dist:-Ahmadnagar
1 Empirical Method for Peak Runoff From Catchment (Dicken's Formulae)
3/4
Q = CM Cumec
2
M = 7159.96 Km
C =
14.0
Annual rainfall of the area 156 cm ref :Kopargaon Taluka
where Q = Peak Runoff in Cu.m/sec
2
M = Catchment Area ( km )
C = 11 - 14 where the Annual Rainfall is 60 - 120 cm
14 - 19 where the Annual Rainfall is more than 120 cm
22 in Western Ghats.
Q = 10897.10 Cumec Say 10897 Cumec
2 Empirical Method for Peak Runoff From Catchment (Ingli's Formulae)
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
2
M = 7159.96 Km
M = Catchment Area ( km 2 )
3 Rational Formulae for Peak Runoff From Catchment

a) Determination of Physiographic Parameters
Catchment Area, A = 7159.96 Km2
= 715996 Hectares
Stream Length, Lc = 140.70 Km (Length marked from farthest point to bridge on topo
Height of the farthest point above the point of interest: 701.00 m sheets)
Height of the point at the bridge location: 490.00 m
Height, H = 211.0 m (From BM on topo sheets)

R100(24)= 100 Year 24 hr rainfall: 330.00 mm (Ref: Plate 10 of CWC Report 1(d))
b) Determination of Time of Concentration (tc)

a) Time of concentration, tc, is obtained by Bhatnagar's Formula
3 0.345
i.e. tc= (L /H)
= 26.40 hr
where
L= 140.70 km
H= 211.0 m
3 0.385
Time of Concentration by SP-13 (0.87*L /H)
=
formula
tc = 36.57 Hours
Min. of above
= 26.40 Hours
Time of Concentration, tc
100 years return period rainfall for 24 hours

= as per CWC Flood Estimation
330 mm Report for subzone - 3e
From Atlas of statewise Generalised Isopluvial Maps
of central India, Plate 18, Page 22
Conversion ratio for tc hours as per
= 1.00
CWC report of considered Subzone
tc hr rainfall = 330 mm
c) Intensity of rainfall, Ic = 1.25 cm/hr
Spread factor as per CWC report, f = 0.7 Flood estimation report for Subzone-3e
Runoff Co-efficient as per terrain From SP-13, Table-2, Page 25
= 0.6
condition, P for Black cotton soil (clayey soil) cultivated land
d) Design discharge, Q100 = 0.0278 P f A Ic

= 10449.89 Cumec Say 10449.889 Cumec
Preliminary Design of bridge at ch.
DATE: CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT: 515km
Peak flow estimation by Unit hydrograph method as per CWC Flood Estimation Report.
Catchment area (A) = 7159.96 Km2

Length of Longest stream (Lc) = 140.7 Km
Height of the farthest point above the point of interest: 701.00 m
211 m
Equivalent Stream Slope (S)
Reduced Reduced Level Length of each Height above D i-1 +Di (m) Li ( Di-1+Di)
Distance (km) (m) Segment (km) datum (Di) (m)
0 490 0 0 0 0
14.3 500 14.3 10 10 143
49.5 514 35.2 24 34 1196.8
85.6 540 36.1 50 74 2671.4
107 580 21.4 90 140 2996
129 610 22 120 210 4620
140.7 701 11.7 211 331 3872.7
140.7 15499.9
n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 0.78 m/Km
i=1 L2
L = Length of stream (Km) =
Li = Ll, L2….. Ln = Segment lengths (Km)
Di = (e0 - e0), (e1-e0), ……. (en - e0) (m)
Datum is assumed as 490m (e0) at bridge location
(i) tp = Time from center of unit rainfall duration to the peak of unit hydrograph in hrs.
0.59
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) = 14.47 hrs say 15.00 hrs
(ii) TD = Design storm duration in hrs.

From Table A-3 Page No. 17 of CWC Report of subzone 3(e) i.e. (upper Godavari sub zone)
for tp = 15 hrs , TD = 16 hrs
TM = 14.97 hrs say, 15 hrs
0.88
(iii) qp = 2.02/ (tp ) = 0.192 cumecs /km²
1.04
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp = 12.37 hrs say 12.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 6.33 hrs 6.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 4.65 hrs 5.00 hrs
0.96
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp = 2.63 hrs 3.00 hrs
(viii) TB = 5.485 x tp 0.73 = 38.57 hrs say 39 hrs
(ix) QP = qp x A = 1377.63 m3/s say 1378 m3/s
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
1600
1400
1200
Discharge (m3/s)
1000
800
600
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Time (Hrs)
Peak flow estimation by Unit hydrograph Synthetic

method as per CWC Flood Estimation Report.
Unit
S. No. Time (hrs.) Hydrograph
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.000
2 1 68.22
3 2 124.04
4 3 177.19
5 4 253.14
6 5 316.42
7 6 372.26
8 7 437.95
9 8 515.23
10 9 606.16
11 10 688.81
12 11 826.578
13 12 1033.222
14 13 1203.497
15 14 1322.524
16 15 1377.630
17 16 1336.301
18 17 1269.49
19 18 1167.93
20 19 1033.22
21 20 940.23
22 21 827.40
23 22 688.81
24 23 599.27
25 24 509.38
26 25 417.69
27 26 329.98
28 27 260.68
29 28 218.97
30 29 190.50
31 30 161.93
32 31 137.64
33 32 123.88
34 33 102.91
35 34 79.00
36 35 63.20
37 36 45.00
38 37 37.50
39 38 25.00
40 39 0.00
Total 19888.78 cumecs say 19889 m3/s
Depth of Direct Run-off = 0.36 x ΣQi x tr = 1.00 cm
A
Estimation of 100 Year flood Peak
Design storm duration = Td = 1.1 tp = 15.91 hrs say 16.00 hrs
Rainfall 24 hour with 100 year return period = 330.00 mm
Conversion factor from 24 hour point rainfall to Td hour point rainfall = 0.890
Point rainfall for 16 hour duration 293.7 mm
Conversion factor from point rainfall to areal rainfall for catchment area of 7159.96 Sq.km = 0.70
Areal rainfall for 16 hour duration = 205.59 mm
= 20.559 cm
Peak flow estimation by Unit hydrograph method as per CWC Flood Estimation Report.
Time Distribution of areal rainfall
Distribution Storm Rain fall Hourly rainfall
Duration (Hrs) coefficient (cms) Increments
1 0.230 4.73 4.73
2 0.360 7.40 2.67
3 0.470 9.66 2.26
4 0.550 11.31 1.64
5 0.600 12.34 1.03
6 0.670 13.77 1.44
7 0.710 14.60 0.82
8 0.750 15.42 0.82
9 0.790 16.24 0.82
10 0.830 17.06 0.82
11 0.870 17.89 0.82
12 0.900 18.50 0.62
13 0.930 19.12 0.62
14 0.970 19.94 0.82
15 0.990 20.35 0.41
16 1.000 20.56 0.21
Estimation of Effective rain fall Units
Design Loss Rate (Adopted) = 1.14 cm/hr
Time (Hrs) Rainfall Design Loss Rainfall excess
Increments Rate (cm/hr) (cms)
1 4.73 1.14 3.59

2 2.67 1.14 1.53
3 2.26 1.14 1.12
4 1.64 1.14 0.50
5 1.03 1.14 0.00
6 1.44 1.14 0.30
7 0.82 1.14 0.00
8 0.82 1.14 0.00
9 0.82 1.14 0.00
10 0.82 1.14 0.00
11 0.82 1.14 0.00
12 0.62 1.14 0.00
13 0.62 1.14 0.00
14 0.82 1.14 0.00
Base flow = 0.010 cumecs/sq.km

Total base flow from whole catchment area 71.6 cumecs/sq.km
Estimation of 100 Year flood (Peak only)
Time (Hrs) 1Hr-SUH 1 Hrs Effective Direct Runoff

ordinates rainfall (cms) (Cumecs)
(cumecs)
1 1377.63 3.59 4943.72
2 1336.30 1.53 2048.11
3 1322.52 1.12 1483.19
4 1269.49 0.50 640.74
5 1203.50 0.30 360.00
6 1167.93 0.00 0.00
7 1033.22 0.00 0.00
8 1033.22 0.00 0.00
9 940.23 0.00 0.00
10 827.40 0.00 0.00
11 826.58 0.00 0.00
12 688.81 0.00 0.00
13 688.81 0.00 0.00
14 606.16 0.00 0.00
Total = 9475.76 Cumecs
Base flow = 71.6 Cumecs
100-Yr flood Peak = 9547.36 Cumecs

DATE: CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT: 537.735km
5) Linear Waterway Calculation, HFL and Scour depth

Discharge, Q = 10897.10 m3/s
Vertical Clearance = 900 mm
Design Discharge for Foundation = 14166.23 m3/s
(30% Increase in Discharge)
Silt factor , Ksf = 6.82 for boulderly strata D50 =15mm
1/2
Regime surface width of the stream W = 4.8(Q)
= 501.068 m
1/3
Regime depth D = 0.473 x Q
1/3
Ksf
= 5.52 m
i) Width of stream at HFL from Cross Section
Assuming proposed linearwaterway as 60% Regime width of stream
Proposed Effective Linear Waterway = 301.0 m m
Assumed span 43.00 m
Number of span 11.7
Assumed number of span say 7
No. of Pier = 6
Pier Width = 2 m
Total waterway 313 m
Effictive waterway = 301 m
Existing Linear waterway of bridge located at U/s side 284.000 m m
Particular of U/s Stream

Width of left overbank channel segment 100 m
Width of Right left overbank channel segment 100 m
manning's n2= 0.04 m
Max depth above bank 3.00 m
Top width of main stream 270 m Measured from google as cross section
bed width main stream 260 m survey not available
maximum depth of main river 8 m
avg Side slope 0.6
Average bed width 260.00 m

Average water depth 9.03 m
Top width of stream at water level 470.00 m
Area of Cross section,
A1 = 2671.03 sq.m
A2 = 205.99 sq.m
Total cross section 2877.03
P1 = 278.87 m
P2 = 202.06 m
Perimeter, P = = 478.87 m
manning's n of copmbined section 0.034
Hydraulic Radius, R = A/P = 5.58
2/3
R = 3.15
Slope, S = 0.20%
1/2
S = 0.045
Roughness Coefficient n 0.030 ref: - Open channel hydraulics by V. T
As per Manning's Formula Chow
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
Upstream velocity = 4.08 m/s
Upstream flow Qu 10897.1 Cumecs
Approach Head V2u/(2g) 0.848 m
Particular of D/s downstream
avg Side slope 0.6

Top width of stream at water level 470.00 m Measured from google as cross section
Area of Cross section, survey not available
A1 = 2671.03 sq.m
A2 = 205.99 sq.m

P1 = 278.87 m
P2 = 202.06 m
manning's n of copmbined section 0.034
2/3
R = 3.15
Slope, S = 0.20% (minimum considered)
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
Down stream flow Qd 10897.1 Cumecs
2
Approach Head V d/(2g) 0.848 m
D. Upstream head calculations for passing Required flow through bridge.

Proposed Span = 301 m
Downstream depth = 9.03 m
Length of bridge (L) = 42.5 m
Slope at which structure is to be laid = 0.1 % (minimum considered)
head (h) = 0.01 m
head required (h) = 0.01 m
Upstream velocity u 4.08 m/s
Flow through structure by Weir Formula 3
2

2
u 
Q w  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
W =
L = 301 m
Cw 0.96
Du req (du+h*) 9.03 m
Qw 15316.86 Cumec
Flow caclulated by weir formula is equal to design discharge.
As Afflux (Du-Dd)=0.01 m is not more than 0.25 times downstream depth (=2.26 m), Weir formula is not applicable
Flow through structure by Orifice Formula
Downstream depth 9.03 m
Length 301.00 m
Allowable head = 0.29 m
Total head including losses 0.29 m
Discharge Coefficent C0 = 0.85
W = 365.00 m
L = 301.00 m
L/W 0.82
entry loss 0
Discharge by orifice formula is given as 1
 u2  2
Qo  C o . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 10897.10 Cumec
As afflux is less than Dd/4, Orifice formula is applicable.
Hence, the structure is adequate to cater for the calculated discharge with head at inlet 0.29m.
E. Water level as per Manning's Formula (Ref: Bridge & Flood Wing Report No. - RBF-16)
Proposed Span, L = 301 m
Assumed Depth of flow , d (depth is assumed in such a way that calculated
= 5.54 m discharge is equal to the design discharge Q100)
Area of Cross section, A= ( L X d) = 1667.25 sq.m
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 378.55 m
Hydraulic Radius, R = A/P = 4.40 m
2/3
R = 2.69
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
Roughness Coefficient n 0.013 (Ref: Annexure 5.2.2 Bridge & Flood Wing Report No. - RBF-16)
2/3 1/2
As per Manning's Formula , Velocity, V R S /n
= 6.54 m/s
Calculated discharge , Q = A V 10897.10 cumec
As depth of flow is less than downstream depth, uniform flow will not be applicable
Total head At just upstream of Bridge = 9.32 m
Water Level = Bed Level + Depth of flow
Bed Level = 490.0 Assumed from toposheet
Water Level = 499.32
HFL as per existing Level =
Adopted HFL = 499.32
F. Scour depth calculations for design of foundations. (Ref: IRS Bridge Sub-Structure & Foundation Code)
The magnitude of this discharge shall be computed by increasing the design discharge (Q), by the percentage indicated below:
Catchment less than 500 Sq.km 30% Cl. 4.6 of sub str. Code
Catchment more than 500 Sq.km and upto 5,000 Sq.km. 30-20%
Catchment more than 25,000 Sq.km <10%
Hence,
Qf = 14166.23
where, Qf = Design discharge for foundations
Diameter = 15 mm for boulderly strata
f = Lacey's Silt Factor = 6.82 Weathered rock
1/2
Lacey's wetted perimeter Pw = 4.78Q = = 568.93 m
proposed provided Waterway = 301.00 m
Discharge Per unit Width (Db) = 47.06 cumec/m
1
 Db2  3
Normal scour depth dsm  1 . 34   (Ref : cl. 703, IRC 78-2000)

 k 
 sf 
dsm = 9.21 m
Normal scour depth 9.21 m
For multiple span structure bridge, maximum scour depth is 2 times mean sour depth
dsmmax = 2*dsma 18.425 m
Mean scour Level = 490.10
Normal scour depth from bed = 0.000
Maxumum Scour Depth from bed = 9.109
6) Summary of hydraulic Structures
Catchment area 7159.96 Km2
Peak flow for 100 year return period 10897.10 m3/s
Linear waterway 301.00 m
Bed level 490.0 m
HFL 499.32 m
Normal scour depth below bed 0.000 m
Preliminary Hydraulic design calculations for Bridge at Chainage 537.735km
Data/ Assumptions :
7) Silt factor is taken for medium sand in absence of bed grain size distribution analysis at bridge location
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000

Preliminary Design of bridge at ch. 537.735km

Name of Site -
Chainage - 537+735 km + m
Type of Stream - Local Nala (dodni nadi)
Site Location - Waregaon, Sinner
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 28.12 Km2
C =
14.0
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 28.12 Km2

= 2812 Hectares
Height of the farthest point above the point of interest: 580 m sheets)
Height of the point at the bridge location: 540 m
280
R100(24)= 100 Year 24 hr rainfall: cm (Ref: Plate 10 of CWC Report 1(d))

i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 2.86 hr
where
L= 9.44 km
H= 40.0 m
Time of Concentration by SP-13 (0.87*L3/H)0.385
=
formula
tc = 3.06 Hours
Min. of above
= 2.86 Hours


= 0.58
tc hr rainfall = 162.4 mm
= 0.75

= 333.02 Cumec Say 333.024 Cumec
BY: TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED 10235A
JOB NO.: TCE.
4) Peak flow estimation by Unit hydrograph method as per CWC Flood Estimation Report.
2
Catchment area (A) = 28.12 Km

Height of the farthest point above the point of interest: 580 m
40 m
n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 4.24 m/Km
i=1 Lc2
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 1.79 hrs say 2.00 hrs

for tp = 2 hrs , TD = 2.2 hrs
TM = 2 hrs 2.3
(iii) qp = 2.02/ (tp ) 0.88 = 1.213 cumecs /km²
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 1.82 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.08 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.72 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.45 hrs 0.00 hrs
0.73
(viii) TB = 5.485 x tp = 8.37 hrs say 8 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
36
34
32
30
28
26
Discharge (m3/s)
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.000
2 1 17.400
3 2 34.11
4 3 17.400
5 4 6.09
6 5 2.300
7 6 0.700
8 7 0.110
9 8 0.000
Total 78.110 cumecs say 78 m3/s 78.111111
A
JOB NO.: TCE.

Design storm duration = Td = 1.1 tp = 2.20 hrs say 2 hrs
Rainfall 24 hour with 100 year return period 280 mm

Conversion factor from 24 hour point rainfall to Td hour point rainfall 0.51
Conversion factor from point rainfall to areal rainfall for catchment area =28.12 Sq.km
= 1
Areal rainfall for 2 hour duration 142.8 mm
14.28 cm
Distribution Storm Rain Hourly rainfall

Duration (Hrs) coefficient fall (cms) Increments
1 0.81 11.57 11.57
2 1.0 14.28 2.71


1 11.57 0.50 11.07
2 2.71 0.50 2.21
0 . 122
Base flow qb  = 0.04 cumecs/sq.km
 A  0 . 304
Total base flow from whole catchment area 1.12 cumecs
Time (Hrs) 1Hr-SUH 1 Hrs Direct Runoff

ordinates Effective (Cumecs)
(cumecs) rainfall
1 34.11 11.07 377.49
2 17.40 2.21 38.51

Preliminary Design of bridge at
DATE: CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT: ch. 537.735km

Silt factor , Ksf = 1.00 For medium sand
Regime surface width of the stream

W = 4.8(Q)1/2
= 98.033 m
Regime depth D = 0.473 x Q1/3

Ksf 1/3
= 3.527 m

Assumed span 20 m
Number of span 4.9
No. of Existing Pier = 4
Pier Width = 2 m
Total waterway 108 m
Effictive waterway = 100 m
Top width of stream 140 Measured from google as cross section
bed width stream 90 survey not available
total depth 6
avg Side slope 4.2
2/3
R = 1.85
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n

total depth 6
avg Side slope 4.2
2/3
R = 1.85
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
head (h) = 1.14 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 100 m
Qw 417.12 Cumec
As Afflux (Du-Dd) =1.14 m is more than 0.25 times downstream depth (=0.7 m), Weir formula is applicable
Assumed Depth of flow , d
= 1.46 m (depth is assumed in such a way that calculated
discharge is equal to the design flood discharge Q100)
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 114.60 m
2/3
R = 1.18
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
Roughness Coefficient n 0.013 (Ref: Annexure 5.2.2 Bridge & Flood Wing Report No. - RBF-16)
As per Manning's Formula
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
= m/s 2.86
Calculated discharge , Q = A V 417.37
cumec

Hence,
Qf = 542.26
f = Lacey's Silt Factor = 1.00 for medium sand
1/2
Lacey's wetted perimeter Pw = 4.78Q = = 111.31 m
1
 Db2  3
Normal scour depth dsm  1 . 34   (Ref : cl. 703, IRC 78-2000)
 k 
 sf 
dsm =m 4.14
dsmmax = 2*dsm a 8.272 m
2
Catchment area 28.12 Km
Bed level 534.0 m
HFL 536.97 m
Normal scour depth below bed
Data/ Assumptions :
7) Silt factor is taken for sand in absence of bed grain size distribution analysis at bridge location
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000


Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Local Nala (Lande nadi)
Site Location - Marhal Kd., Sinner
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 47.82 Km2
C = 12.0
Annual rainfall of the area 56.86 cm ref :Kopargaon Taluka
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 47.82 Km2

= 4782 Hectares
280
R100(24)= 100 Year 24 hr rainfall: mm (Ref: Plate 10 of CWC Report 1(d))

i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 3.71 hr
where
L= 16.14 km
H= 94.0 m
=
formula
tc = 4.09 Hours
Min. of above
= 3.71 Hours

= 0.61
= 0.7

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Reduced Reduced Length of Height above
Li x (Di-1 +
SL. No. Level of Level of Bed segment (Li) Datum (Di) (Di-1) + Di
D i)
Gauging Site (RL) mts. Kms. mts.
1 (RD)0Kms. 576 0 0 0 0
2 0.90 580 0.90 4 4 3.60
3 9.10 640 8.20 64 68 557.60
4 16.10 670 7.00 94 158 1106.00
1667.2

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 6.43 m/Km
i=1 Lc2
0.59
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) = 2.17 hrs say 2.00 hrs

for tp = 2.00 hrs , TD = 2.2 hrs say 2.0 hrs

tr= 1 hour
TM =Tp +tr/2 2.50 say 3 hrs
1.04
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp = 2.18 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.27 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.86 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.53 hrs 1.00 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
52
50
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
Discharge (m3/s)
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 12.23
3 2 36.69
4 3 48.92
5 4 24.01
6 5 7.68
7 6 2.00
8 7 1.00
9 8 0.50
10 9 0.20
11 10 0.00
Total 133.238 cumecs say 133 m3/s 132.83333 0 m3/s
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.88
12.57 cm

1 0.83 10.43 10.43
2 1.0 12.57 2.14


1 10.43 3.68 6.75
2 2.14 3.68 0.00
0 . 122
 A  0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
1 48.92 6.75 330.24
2 36.69 0.00 0.00


3
Design Discharge for Foundation = 501.19 m /s
Silt factor , Ksf = 1.76 for d50 = 1 mm For sand

Regime surface width of the stream W = 4.8(Q)1/2
= 94 m
Linear Waterway As per Flood Estimation report for Sub zone- 3B=
1/3
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)
40.39 m
1/3
Regime depth D = 0.473 x Q
1/3
Ksf
= 2.846 m
Assumed span 7 m
Number of span 13.5
assumed Pier Width = 0.70 m
Total waterway 37.8 m
linear waterway required = 35 m

total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 2.02
Slope, S = 0.20%
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 2.02
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
head (h) = 0.01 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 35 m
Qw 426.14 Cumec
Length 35.00 m
Allowable head = 0.12
Cross section of upstream stream 0.58
L/W 1.00
entry loss 0
1
Discharge by orifice formula  u2  2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2g 
Qc = 385.53 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 67.11 m
2/3
R = 1.41
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
(Ref: Annexure 5.2.2 Bridge & Flood Wing Report No. -
Roughness Coefficient n 0.013 RBF-16)
2/3 1/2
As per Manning's Formula Velocity, V R S /n
= m/s3.43
Calculated discharge , Q = A V 385.53
cumec
Hence, Qf = 501.19
f = Lacey's Silt Factor = 1.76 for sand

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
Normal scour depth dsm (Ref : cl. 703, IRC 78-2000)
dsm = 6.54 m

Bed level 575.0 m
HFL 578.91 m

Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Local Nala (Khadki Nala & Jambol Nala)
Site Location - Sonewadi (near zagde phata), kopargaon
3/4
Q = CM Cumec
M = 156.41 Km2
C = 12.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 156.41 Km2
2

= 15641 Hectares
Stream Length, Lc = 23.30 Km (Length marked from farthest point to bridge on
Height of the farthest point above the point of interest: 580.00 m topo sheets)
280
R100(24)= 100 Year 24 hr rainfall: mm (Ref: Plate 10 of CWC Report 1(d))

i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 5.89 hr
where
L= 23.30 km
H= 74.0 m
=
formula
tc = 6.86 Hours
Min. of above
= 5.89 Hours

= as per CWC Flood 280
Estimation
mm Report for subzone - 3e
= 0.70
= 0.7

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Reduced Reduced Level Length of Height above
Li x (Di-1 +
SL. No. Level of of Bed (RL) segment (Li) Datum (Di) (Di-1) + Di
D i)
Gauging Site mts. Kms. mts.
1 (RD) Kms.
0.00 506 0 0 0 0
2 5.70 520 5.70 14 14 79.80
3 12.50 540 6.80 34 48 326.40
4 15.90 560 3.40 54 88 299.20
5 23.30 580 7.40 74 128 947.20
1652.6

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 3.04 m/Km
i=1 Lc2
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 3.35 hrs say 4.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 3.25 hrs say 3.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.84 hrs 2.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 1.27 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.76 hrs 1.00 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
120
100
Discharge (m3/s)
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 21.78
3 2 47.13
4 3 81.68
5 4 108.90
6 5 81.68
7 6 53.23
8 7 21.29
9 8 9.58
10 9 4.31
11 10 2.37
12 11 1.42
13 12 0.85
14 13 0.00
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.83
14.64 cm

1 0.65 9.52 9.52
2 0.84 12.30 2.78
3 0.95 13.91 1.61
4 1.00 14.64 0.73

1 9.52 2.46 7.06
2 2.78 2.46 0.32
0 . 122
 A  0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 108.90 7.06 768.50
2 81.68 0.32 26.29



= 136 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

51.51 m
Ksf 1/3
= 3.629 m
Assumed span 8 m
Number of span 17.0
total depth 5
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 2.05
Slope, S = 0.20%
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
total depth 5
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 2.05
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
head (h) = 0.62 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 56 m
Qw 799.48 Cumec
Length 56.00 m
total head at upstream 1.09 m
L/W 0.67
entry loss 0
1
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 799.48 Cumec
As afflux is less than D d/4, Orifice formula is applicable.
= 3.77 m discharge is equal to the design flood discharge
Q100)
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 108.80 m
2/3
R = 1.56
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
(Ref: Annexure 5.2.2 Bridge & Flood Wing Report No.
Roughness Coefficient n 0.013 - RBF-16)
2/3 1/2
= m/s 3.79
Calculated discharge , Q = A V cumec799.48
As depth of flow is greater than downstream depth and uniform flow will be applicable
Hence, Qf = 1039.32

Discharge Per unit Width (D b) = 18.56 cumec/m
1
 D 2  3
 1 . 34  b 
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 7.78 m

2
3
Peak flow for 100 year return period 799.48 m /s
Bed level 505.5 m
HFL 509.74 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000

BY: TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED JOB NO.: TCE.10235A

Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Local Nala
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 4.63 Km2
C = 12.0
M = Catchment Area ( km2 )
C =
11 - 14 where the Annual Rainfall is 60 - 120 cm
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 4.63 Km2
M = Catchment Area ( km2 )

= 463 Hectares

R100(24)= 100 Year 24 hr rainfall: 280 mm (Ref: Plate 10 of CWC Report 1(d))

a) Time of concentration, t c, is obtained by Bhatnagar's Formula
i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 1.31 hr
where
L= 4.25 km
H= 35.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
Time of Concentration by SP-13 formula =
tc = 1.28 Hours
Min. of above
= 1.28 Hours
100 years return period rainfall for 24 hrs = 280 mm From Atlas of statewise Generalised Isopluvial Maps
= 0.42
= 0.6



= 40 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

22.96 m
Ksf 1/3
= 1.619 m
Assumed span 4 m
Number of span 5.7
total depth 2.5
avg Side slope 0.8
2/3
R = 1.26
Slope, S = 0.50%
1/2
S = 0.071
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
total depth 2.5
avg Side slope 0.8
2/3
R = 1.26
1/2
S = 0.071
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
head (h) = 0.15 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 12 m
Qw 70.94 Cumec
Length 12.00 m
L/W 0.90
entry loss 0
1
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 70.82 Cumec
As afflux is less than D d/4, Orifice formula is applicable.
= 2.31 m discharge is equal to the design flood discharge
Q100)
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 25.89 m
2/3
R = 1.05
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
(Ref: Annexure 5.2.2 Bridge & Flood Wing Report No.
Roughness Coefficient n 0.013 - RBF-16)
2/3 1/2
= m/s 2.55
Calculated discharge , Q = A V cumec 70.82
Hence, Qf = 92.07

Discharge Per unit Width (D b) = 7.67 cumec/m
1
 D 2  3
 1 . 34  b 
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 4.32 m

Bed level 585.0 m
HFL 587.35 m
Data/ Assumptions :
7) Silt factor is taken for gravelly strata in absence of bed grain size distribution analysis at bridge location
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000

Design Discharge Calculation for Bridge at Chainage 551 +975

Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Jam River
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 78.37 Km2
C =
12.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 78.37 Km2
2

2
Catchment Area, A = 78.37 Km
= 7837 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 3.32 hr
where
L= 14.07 km
H= 86.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
tc = 3.62 Hours
Min. of above
= 3.32 Hours
Conversion ratio for tc hours as per CWC
= 0.60
report of considered Subzone
= 0.7

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Li x (Di-1 +
SL. No. distance of Level of Bed segment (Li) Datum (Di) (Di-1) + Di
Di)
1 (RD) Kms.
0.00 585 0 0 0 0
2 2.70 600 2.70 15 15 40.50
3 7.65 610 4.95 25 40 198.00
4 14.07 671 6.42 86 111 712.62
14.07 951.12

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 4.80 m/Km
2
i=1 Lc
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 2.18 hrs say 2.50 hrs


tr= 1 hour
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 2.19 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.28 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.86 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.53 hrs 0.50 hrs
(viii) TB = 5.485 x tp 0.73 = 9.68 hrs say 10.0 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
90
80
70
Discharge (m3/s)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 15.96
3 2 39.91
4 3 79.82
5 4 39.91
6 5 22.35
7 6 10.73
8 7 4.83
9 8 2.78
10 9 1.40
11 10 0.00
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.87
14.13 cm

1 0.69 9.75 9.75
2 0.89 12.57 2.83
3 1.00 14.13 1.55

1 9.75 0.50 9.25
2 2.83 0.50 2.33
0 . 122
A 0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 39.91 9.25 369.12
2 79.82 2.33 185.64


3
Silt factor , Ksf = 6.82 for d50 = 15 mm For gravelly strata

= 114 m
Linear Waterway As per Flood Estimation report for Sub zone- 3e=
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

45.84 m
Ksf 1/3
= 2.057 m
Assumed span 9 m
Number of span 5.1
assumed Pier Width = 0.90 m 9
total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 1.95
Slope, S = 0.40%
1/2
S = 0.063
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
2
Approach Head V u/(2g) 0.857 m
total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 1.95
1/2
S = 0.063
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
downstream velocity = 4.10 m/s
Downstream flow Qd 563.4 Cumecs

head (h) = 0.01 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 45 m
Qw 571.29 Cumec
Length 45.00 m
L/W 1.00
entry loss 0
1
Discharge by orifice formula  u 
2 2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 563.43 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 78.37 m
2/3
R = 1.54
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= m/s 3.75
Hence, Qf = 732.46
f = Lacey's Silt Factor = 6.82 for gravelly strata

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 4.54 m

For multiple span structure bridge, maximum scour depth is 2 times mean sçour depth
2
3
Bed level 585.0 m
HFL 588.94 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000


Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Saber Nala
Site Location - Marhal BK., Sinner
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 39.77 Km2
C =
12.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 39.77 Km2
2

2
= 3977 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 3.27 hr
where
L= 12.31 km
H= 60.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
tc = 3.56 Hours
Min. of above
= 3.27 Hours
= 0.59
= 0.7

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Li x (Di-1 +
Di)
1 (RD) Kms.
0.00 590 0 0 0 0
2 2.80 600 2.80 10 10 28.00
3 6.60 620 3.80 30 40 152.00
4 9.10 640 2.50 50 80 200.00
12.30 649 3.20 59 109 348.80
12.3 728.8

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 4.82 m/Km
2
i=1 Lc
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 2.01 hrs say 2.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
TM =Tp +tr/2 2.50 say 3.00 hrs
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 2.03 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.20 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.80 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.50 hrs 0.50 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
U.G
50
45
40
35
Discharge (m3/s)
30
25
20
15
10
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 8.47
3 2 21.72
4 3 43.45
5 4 21.72
6 5 9.34
7 6 3.50
8 7 1.47
9 8 0.81
10 9 0.00
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.87
12.42 cm

1 0.83 10.31 10.31
2 1.00 12.42 2.11

1 10.31 3.64 6.67
2 2.11 3.64 0.00
0 . 122
A 0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 43.45 6.67 289.88
2 21.72 0.00 0.00


3
Silt factor , Ksf = 2.49 for d50 = 2 mm for sand

= 90 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

39.17 m
Ksf 1/3
= 2.459 m
Assumed span 7.5 m
Number of span 5.2
total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 1.73
Slope, S = 0.40%
1/2
S = 0.063
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
2
Approach Head V u/(2g) 0.679 m
total depth 4
avg Side slope 1.0
2/3
R = 1.73
1/2
S = 0.063
2/3 1/2
Velocity, V R S /n
downstream velocity = 3.65 m/s
Downstream flow Qd 351.6 Cumecs

Proposed Span = 37.5 m
head (h) = 0.01 m

 u2  2
Qw  1.706C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 37.5 m
Qw 360.31 Cumec
Length 37.50 m
L/W 1.00
entry loss 0
1
2 2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 351.56 Cumec
Proposed Span, L = 37.5 m
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 65.60 m
2/3
R = 1.37
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= m/s 3.34
Hence, Qf = 457.03

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 5.24 m

2
3
Bed level 590.0 m
HFL 593.27 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000


Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Bhaam River (tributary of Darna River)
Site Location - Avachitwadi village, Igatpuri
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 61.77 Km2
C =22.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 61.77 Km2
2

2
= 6177 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 2.12 hr
where
L= 13.35 km
H= 268.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
tc = 2.20 Hours
Min. of above
= 2.12 Hours
= 0.52
= 0.7
= 1050.57 Cumec Say 1050.57 Cumec

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Li x (Di-1 +
Di)
1 (RD) Kms.
0.00 572 0 0 0 0
2 3.60 580 3.60 8 8 28.80
3 9.00 640 5.40 68 76 410.40
4 11.70 740 2.70 168 236 637.20
5 13.40 840 1.70 268 436 741.20
13.4 1817.6

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 10.12 m/Km
2
i=1 Lc
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 1.69 hrs say 2.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 2.02 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.19 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.80 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.49 hrs 0.50 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
Series1
80
70
60
Discharge (m3/s)
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 33.90
3 2 67.80
4 3 33.90
5 4 18.98
6 5 10.44
7 6 4.70
8 7 2.02
9 8 0.00
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.85
18.21 cm

1 0.83 15.11 15.11
2 1.00 18.21 3.10

1 15.11 0.50 14.61
2 3.10 0.50 2.60
0 . 122
A 0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 67.80 14.61 990.68
2 33.90 2.60 87.98


3
Discharge, Q = 1080.51 m /s

= 158 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

56.95 m
Ksf 1/3
= 3.574 m
Assumed span 20 m
Number of span 2.8
Total waterway 64 m
avg Side slope 2.0
A1 = 313.10 sq.m
A2 = 9.12 sq.m
P1 = 72.89 m
P2 = 20.91 m
manning's n for combined section 0.033
2/3
R = 2.25
Slope, S = 0.25%
1/2
S = 0.050
Roughness Coefficient n 0.030 ref: - Open channel hydraulics by V. T Chow
2/3 1/2
As per Manning's Formula, Velocity, V R S /n
avg Side slope 2.0
A1 = 313.10 sq.m
A2 = 9.12 sq.m
P1 = 72.89 m
P2 = 20.91 m
2/3
R = 2.25
1/2
S = 0.050
2/3 1/2

Approach Head V2d/(2g) 0.607 m

head (h) = 0.01 m
2 2
 u 
Q w  1 .706 C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 60 m
Qw 1121.12 Cumec
Length 60.00 m
L/W 0.82
entry loss 0
1
2 2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 1080.51 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 82.67 m
2/3
R = 1.96
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= 4.77 m/s
Hence, Qf = 1404.66

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 8.09 m
For multiple span structure bridge, maximum scour depth is 2 times mean scour depth
Bed level 572.0 m
HFL 577.32 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000

Preliminary Design of bridge at ch. 509+340km

Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Local Nalla
Site Location - Bhojade, Kopargaon
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 43.98 Km2
C =
12.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 43.98 Km2
2

2
= 4398 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 5.05 hr
where
L= 16.61 km
H= 42.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
tc = 5.77 Hours
Min. of above
= 5.05 Hours
= 0.67
= 0.7

BY: TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS LIMITED JOB NO.:TCE.10235A
DATE: CLIENT: Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation Ltd SUBJECT: 509+340km

SL. No. Reduced Reduced Level of Length of Height above (Di-1) + Di Li x (Di-1 + Di)
distance of Bed (RL) mts. segment (Li) Datum (Di) mts.
Gauging Site Kms.
(RD) Kms.
1 0.00 498 0 0 0 0
2 1.60 500 1.60 2 2 3.20
3 9.40 520 7.80 22 24 187.20
4 16.60 540 7.20 42 64 460.80
16.6 651.2

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 2.36 m/Km
2
i=1 Lc
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 2.96 hrs say 3.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
0.88
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp1.04 = 2.90 hrs say 3.00 hrs
0.96
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp = 1.66 hrs 2.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 1.14 hrs 1.00 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.69 hrs 1.00 hrs
(viii) TB = 5.485 x tp
0.73
= 12.11 hrs say 12.0 hrs

Unit Hydrograph
Unit hydrograph
40
35
30
Discharge (m3/s)
25
20
15
10
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0
Time (Hrs)
S. No. Time (hrs.) Synthetic Unit

Hydrograph
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 11.79
3 2 25.64
4 3 34.18
5 4 25.64
6 5 10.60
7 6 6.36
8 7 3.94
9 8 2.44
10 9 1.54
11 10 0.95
12 11 0.59
Total 123.670
cumecs say 124 m3/s 122.17 2 m3/s
A


= 0.95
14.33 cm

1 0.69 9.88 9.88
2 0.89 12.75 2.87
3 1.00 14.33 1.58

1 9.88 3.02 6.86
2 2.87 3.02 0.00
3 1.58 3.02 0.00
4 0.00 3.02 0.00
0 . 122
Base flow
qb  = 0.04 cumecs/sq.km
A 0 . 304
Total base flow from whole catchment area

1.76 cumecs

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 34.18 6.86 234.64
2 25.64 0.00 0.00
3 25.64 0.00 0.00


3

= 78 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

35.69 m
Ksf 1/3
= 2.241 m
Assumed span 10 m
Number of span 3.6
Total waterway 32 m
linear waterway required = 30 m 47 m
avg Side slope 3.0
A1 = 116.25 sq.m
A2 = 7.76 sq.m
P1 = 33.97 m
P2 = 11.55 m
2/3
R = 1.91
Slope, S = 0.160%
1/2
S = 0.040
2/3 1/2
Max depth above bank 2 m
avg Side slope 3.0
A1 = 116.25 sq.m
A2 = 7.76 sq.m
P1 = 33.97 m
P2 = 11.55 m
2/3
R = 1.91
Slope, S = 0.160% ( as per contours in toposheet)
1/2
S = 0.040
2/3 1/2


head (h) = 0.01 m
2 2
 u 
Q w  1 .706 C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 30 m
Qw 400.14 Cumec
Length 30.00 m
L/W 1.03
entry loss 0
1
2 2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 265.84 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 45.38 m
2/3
R = 1.42
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= 3.46 m/s
Hence, Qf = 345.59

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 5.04 m


Bed level 498.0 m
HFL 502.07 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000


Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Local Nalla (Gavan nalla)
Site Location - Maldhon, Sinner
Q = C M 3/4 Cumec
M = 31.57 Km2
C =
11.0
2
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 31.57 Km2
2

2
= 3157 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 1.94 hr
where
L= 8.67 km
H= 95.0 m
(0.87*L3/H)0.385
tc = 1.99 Hours
Min. of above
= 1.94 Hours
= 0.50
= 0.7


SL. No. Reduced Reduced Level of Length of Height above (Di-1) + Di Li x (Di-1 + Di)
distance of Bed (RL) mts. segment (Li) Datum (Di) mts.
Gauging Site Kms.
(RD) Kms.
1 0.00 558 0 0 0 0
2 0.70 560 0.70 2 2 1.40
3 5.20 580 4.50 22 24 108.00
4 6.40 600 1.20 42 64 76.80
5 8.70 653 2.30 95 137 315.10
8.7 501.3

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 6.62 m/Km
2
i=1 Lc
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 1.5 hrs say 2.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
0.88
1.04
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp = 2.02 hrs say 2.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 1.19 hrs 0.70 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 0.80 hrs 0.40 hrs
0.96
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp = 0.49 hrs 0.27 hrs

Unit Hydrograph
Unit hydrograph
40
35
30
Discharge (m3/s)
25
20
15
10
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5
Time (Hrs)
S. No. Time (hrs.) Synthetic Unit

Hydrograph
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 12.13
3 2 34.65
4 3 25.30
5 4 12.40
6 5 2.60
7 6 0.62
8 7 0.00
Total 87.700
cumecs say 88 m3/s 87.69 0 m3/s
A


= 0.9
12.85 cm

1 0.83 10.67 10.67
2 1.00 12.85 2.18

1 10.67 0.50 10.17
2 2.18 0.50 1.68
3 0.00 0.50 0.00
4 0.00 0.50 0.00
0 . 122
Base flow
qb  = 0.04 cumecs/sq.km
A 0 . 304
Total base flow from whole catchment area

1.26 cumecs

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 34.65 10.17 352.29
2 12.13 1.68 20.44
3 25.30 0.00 0.00


3

= 96 m
Linear Waterway As per Flood Estimation report for Sub zone-3e=
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

40.84 m
Ksf 1/3
= 2.564 m
Assumed span 12 m
Number of span 3.4
avg Side slope 4.0
A1 = 173.66 sq.m
A2 = 39.56 sq.m
P1 = 40.74 m
P2 = 32.64 m
2/3
R = 1.82
Slope, S = 0.200%
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
Max depth above bank 3 m
avg Side slope 4.0
A1 = 173.66 sq.m
A2 = 39.56 sq.m
P1 = 40.74 m
P2 = 32.64 m
2/3
R = 1.82
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2


head (h) = 0.01 m
2 2
 u 
Q w  1 .706 C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 36 m
Qw 580.12 Cumec
Length 36.00 m
L/W 0.84
entry loss 0
1
2 2
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2 g 
Qc = 398.34 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 53.44 m
2/3
R = 1.57
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= 3.81 m/s
Hence, Qf = 517.84

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 5.85 m


Bed level 558.0 m
HFL 562.67 m
Data/ Assumptions :
References:
1) IRC- SP-13- 2004-
2) IRC- 5-1998
3) IRC -78- 2000


Name of Site -
Type of Stream - Kol Nala
Site Location - Bhojade, Kopargaon
3/4
Q = CM Cumec
M = 203.26 Km2
C =
11.0
where Q
= Peak Runoff in Cu.m/sec
M
= Catchment Area ( km2 )
C
= 11 - 14 where the Annual Rainfall is 60 - 120 cm
Q = 125 M Cumec
M + 10
M = 203.26 Km2
2

2
= 20326 Hectares


i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345
= 6.84 hr
where
L= 30.61 km
H= 109.0 m
3 0.385
(0.87*L /H)
tc = 8.10 Hours
Min. of above
= 6.84 Hours
= 0.73
= 0.7

JOB NO.: TCE.
2

Li x (Di-1 +
D i)
1 (RD) Kms.
0.00 501 0 0 0 0
2 9.60 520 9.60 19 19 182.40
3 16.90 540 7.30 39 58 423.40
4 19.30 564 2.40 63 102 244.80
5 22.70 579 3.40 78 141 479.40
6 30.60 610 7.90 109 187 1477.30
30.6 2807.3

n
= ( Di + Di-1) X Li = 3.00 m/Km
i=1 Lc2
= 0.727 x (Lc/ S ) 0.59 = 3.96 hrs say 4.00 hrs


tr= 1 hour
0.88
1.04
(iv) W 50 = 2.228/qp = 3.81 hrs say 4.00 hrs
(v) W 75 = 1.301/qp0.96 = 2.14 hrs 2.00 hrs
(vi) WR 50 = 0.880/qp 1.01 = 1.48 hrs 1.50 hrs
(vii) WR 75 = 0.540/qp 0.96 = 0.89 hrs 1.00 hrs

JOB NO.: TCE.
Unit Hydrograph
Series2
140
120
100
Discharge (m3/s)
80
60
40
20
0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.510.010.511.011.512.012.513.013.514.014.515.015.516.0
Time (Hrs)
Synthetic Unit
(S.U.H.)
1 0 0.00
2 1 30.31
3 2 60.61
4 3 90.92
5 4 121.22
6 5 90.92
7 6 60.61
8 7 41.21
9 8 26.79
10 9 16.88
11 10 10.47
12 11 6.60
13 12 4.09
14 13 2.54
15 14 1.52
16 15 0.00
A
JOB NO.: TCE.


= 0.78
12.72 cm

1 0.65 8.27 8.27
2 0.84 10.68 2.42
3 0.95 12.08 1.40
4 1.00 12.72 0.64

1 8.27 2.17 6.10
2 2.42 2.17 0.25
3 1.40 2.17 0.00
4 0.64 2.17 0.00
0 . 122
 A  0 . 304

(cumecs) rainfall
(cms)
1 121.22 6.10 738.85
2 90.92 0.25 22.36
3 90.92 0.00 0.00
4 60.61 0.00 0.00



= 142 m
W cwc = 5.55 (Q100)1/3

53.15 m
Ksf 1/3
= 3.336 m
Assumed span 12 m
Number of span 4.4
avg Side slope 4.0
A1 = 285.94 sq.m
A2 = 18.88 sq.m
P1 = 62.98 m
P2 = 21.89 m
2/3
R = 2.28
Slope, S = 0.20%
1/2
S = 0.045
2/3 1/2
avg Side slope 4.0
A1 = 266.82 sq.m
A2 = 15.34 sq.m
P1 = 62.98 m
P2 = 21.53 m
2/3
R = 2.18
1/2
S = 0.050
2/3 1/2


head (h) = 0.01 m
2 2
 u 
Q w  1 .706 C w .L. Du  
 2 g 
Cw 0.96
L 60 m
Qw 1182.97 Cumec
Length 60.00 m
L/W 1.07
entry loss 0
1
Qo  Co . 2 g.LDd . h  (1  e) 
 2g 
Qc = 878.26 Cumec
Perimeter, P = ( L+14d) = 95.32 m
2/3
R = 1.70
Slope, S = 0.10%
1/2
S = 0.032
2/3 1/2
= 4.14 m/s
Hence, Qf = 1141.74

1
 Db2  3
 1 . 34  
 k 
 sf 
dsm = 7.05 m


Bed level 501.0 m
HFL 506.27 m
Table: 1 Summary of Hydrological Parameters of Package: 11 Nagpur-Mumbai super Communication Highway Project (Package: IV)
Recommended Ground Low Water High Flood Finished

Sl. Name of River/ Level (LWL) Level (HFL)
Chainage Effective Clear Span Level (GL) Road Level
No. Bridge
Waterway (m) m m m (FRL) m
1 502+700 Canal 25 1 x 25 m 510.996 510.200 514.924 518.924
2 505+224 River 180 6 x 30 m 500.000 500.200 504.331 508.331
3 506+398 Dhotra Canal 25 1 x 25 504.093 504.500 506.227 510.227
4 507+585 Bhozra River 120.00 4 x 30 m 501.863 502.000 505.419 509.419
5 509+325 Nallah 45 3 x 15 500.229 500.550 504.998 507.998
6 510+114 Canal 25 1 x 25 500.124 500.200 502.511 506.511
7 512+184 Nallah 50 2 x 25 503.481 504.000 506.647 510.647
8 514+990 Godavari River 350 7 x 50 485.823 490.100 496.974 502.474
9 520+393 Nallah 60 2 x 30 506.284 506.500 510.593 514.593
10 521+650 Nallah 60 2 x 30 511.872 512.000 514.671 518.671
11 522+041 Nallah 12 1 x 12 512.813 513.000 515.232 518.232
12 523+285 Nallah 25 1 x 25 504.866 505.000 507.192 511.192
13 524+426 Nallah 15 1 x 15 503.648 503.648 506.367 509.367
14 525+763 Nallah 50 2 x25 507.318 507.318 507.824 511.824
15 527+523 Ghari 50 2 x 25 507.554 507.554 509.606 513.606
16 531+080 Nallah 150 5 x 30 520.358 520.900 524.419 528.419
17 531+968 Nallah 50 1 x 50 526.473 527.000 526.954 532.454

No. Bridge
1 537+245 Shayale River-1 210 7 x 30 m 535.735 536.850 539.494 543.494
2 537+742 Shayale River-2 150 5 x 30 m 537.453 538.000 540.092 544.092
3 543+698 Durandwadi 90 3 x 30 m 556.865 557.250 561.155 565.155
4 547+892 Nallah 50 2 x 25 m 579.736 580.100 582.761 586.761
5 549+275 Nallah 45 3 x 15 m 578.038 578.300 583.392 586.392
6 550+593 Jam River-1 20 1 x 20 m 584.836 585.900 587.201 590.701
7 551+800 Jam River- 1 40 2 x 20 m 585.022 585.022 590.998 594.498
8 552+812 River 73 3 x 25 m 589.621 590.500 593.501 597.501
9 558+760 River 175 7 x 25 m 623.312 634.000 630.200 634.200
10 559+070 Khamble 40 2 x 20 m 624.973 624.300. 629.369 633.369
11 559+190 Khamble 40 2 x 20 m 626.556 626.800 631.195 635.195
12 560+889 River 150 6 x 25 m 630.570 631.500 634.052 638.052
13 566+475 River 120 3 x 40 m 655.019 656.000 659.512 664.512
14 565+931 Gonde 25 1 x 25 m 651.435 652.000 658.671 662.671
15 567+178 Nallah 25 1 x 25 m 668.374 668.600 671.891 675.891
16 569+000 Nallah 25 1 x 25 m 687.587 687.800 690.489 694.489
17 571+821 Nallah 12 1 x 12 m 722.678 722.678 726.283 729.283
18 572+955 Nallah 25 1 x 25 m 729.618 729.618 736.144 740.144
19 574+550 Nallah 45 3 x 15 m 736.545 736.700 740.309 743.309
20 575+203 Nallah 18 1 x 18 m 735.000 735.000 736.513 739.713
21 576+250 Jai Prakash Nagar 15 1 x 15 m 735.242 735.350 740.688 743.688
22 576+540 Nallah 12 1 x 15 m 735.631 736.000 741.517 744.517

No. Bridge
1 578+700 Nallah 25 1 x 25 m 726.119 727.000 730.051 734.051

2 587+030 Pandurli 30 2 x 15 m 600.000 600.200 605.268 608.268
3 588+504 Pandurli 25 1 x 25 m 592.267 592.700 595.015 599.015
4 592+951 Belugaon 25 1 x 25 m 572.463 573.000 578.070 582.070
5 597+723 Nallah 40 2 x 20 m 594.172 594.550 598.600 602.600
6 612+302 Nallah 40 1 x 40 m 577.448 578.000 580.217 584.717
7 615+900 Nallah 20 1 x 20 m 579.695 580.200 581.722 585.222
8 617+127 Nallah 18 1 x 18 m 573.935 575.500 576.832 580.332
9 619+489 Nallah 40 2 x 20 m 575.680 576.100 577.549 581.549
10 621+252 Nallah 12 1 x 12 m 589.258 590.000 590.067 593.067
11 621+664 Nallah 20 1 x 20 m 581.375 581.700 583.651 587.651
12 621+899 Nallah 18 1 x 18 m 580.882 581.000 581.774 585.274

HydrologicalDesignReportCP11CP12CP13 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

HydrologicalDesignReportCP11CP12CP13 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MAHARASHRA STATE ROAD

DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LTD.

DRAFT FEASIBILITY REPORT

SECTION TITTLE PAGE

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

MAP SHOWING CATCHMENT AREA FOR BRIDGE AT

Sl. DRAWING NUMBER TITTLE

1. TCE.10235A-100-SI- CATCHMENT AREA MAP FOR BRIDGE -1 AT

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

In this regards, MSRDC has entrusted assignment of Consultancy services for

Generally, proposed alignments of any expressway corridor crosses a number of rivers/

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

1.3 Input data :

i) Location of proposed bridge sites on NMSCE alignment

Place Mean 24 hr rainfall (in

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

1.4 Methodology adopted for Hydrologic design of bridges:

1.4.2 Determination of Peak flow :

1.4.3 Determination of linear waterway & HFL :

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

c) Scour depth will be computed by appropriately increasing design discharge as per

2.0 HYDROLOGIC DESIGN CRITERIA

Sizing of proposed bridge structure involves estimation of peak flow, determination of

2.1 Return period:

2.2 Estimation of design flood peak

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

2.2.1 Empirical formulae

Where, Q = Peak runoff in cumecs

This empirical formula is specifically devised for Bombay presidency.

Where, Q = Maximum flood discharge in cumecs

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

i.e. tc= (L3/H)0.345

b) Time of concentration (SP-13, page 12),

Where, L= Distance from the critical point to the structure in Km in km,

c) Critical intensity of rainfall ( in cm/ hr ) is given as

Where, Tc is Time of concentration in hour and F is total rainfall accumulated during

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

Where, Q = Maximum discharge in cumecs

A = Catchment area in hectares

P = Coefficient of run off for the given catchment characteristics. (Ref.Table-

2.2.3 Area-Velocity Method

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

Rugosity Co-efficient used in Slope Area Method

Clean, straight bank, full stage, no rifts

Same as (1), but some weeds and

Winding, some pools and shoals,

Same as (3), lower stages, more

6. Same as (4), stony sections 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060

Sluggish river reaches, rather weedy

8 Very weedy reaches 0.075 0.100 0.125 0.150

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

Step-2: Determination of Physiographic parameters such as -catchment area (A) of

Step-3: Determination of synthetic unit hydrograph parameters

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

Step-3: Drawing of synthetic unit hydrograph.

Step-4: Estimation of design storm duration (TD).

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR

Step-6: Time distribution of areal rainfall and determination of rainfall increments

Step-8: Estimation of base flow

Step-9: Computation of design peak discharge using critical sequence.

2.2.5 Final Design flood discharge:

After computing peak discharges of bridges by different methods as described above

HYDROLOGIC DESIGN FOR