1

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 2 SYLLABUS

FOR PRELIMS

First Week – October 29

FUNDAMENTAL POWERS OF THE STATE

Three Inherent Powers of the State

Similarities, Distinctions, Limitations

A. Police Power
Definition
Requisites of Valid Exercise
Scope and General Characteristics
Limitations
Test to determine the validity of police power
Cases: (1) Ortigas & Co. vs. CA, G.R 126102, December 4, 2000
(2) Lucena Grand Central Terminal vs. JAC Liner, G.R.
148339, February 23, 2005
(3) City of Manila vs. Judge Laguio, G.R. 118127, April 12,
2005
(4) Carlos Superdrug Corporation vs. DSWD, et al., G.R.
166494, June 29, 2007
(5) Social Justice Society vs. Alfredo Lim, G.R. 187836,
November 25, 2014

B. Power of Eminent Domain

Definition
Who may exercise
Requisites for Valid Exercise
Cases: (6) Manila Memorial Park vs. Secretary, DSWD, G.R.
175356, December 3, 2013
(7) Spouses Cabahug vs. National Power Corporation, G.R.
186069, January 30, 2013
(8) Landbank of the Philippines vs. Escarilla & Co., G.R.
178046, June 13, 2012
(9) Reyes vs. National Housing Authority, G.R. 147511,
January 20, 2003

C. Power of Taxation
Definition
Requisites of Valid Exercise
Who may exercise
Limitation
Double Taxation
 2

Tax Exemption
License Fee vs. Tax
Cases: (10) Gerochi vs. Department of Energy, G.R. 159796,
July 17, 2007
(11) City Government of Quezon City, et al., vs. Bayan
Telecommunications, Inc., G.R. 162015, March 6,
2006
(12) Abakada Guro Party List, et al. vs. Ermita, et al., G.R.
168056, September 1, 2005

Second Week – November 5

BILL OF RIGHTS

I. Due Process and Equal Protection of the Law

A. Due Process
Definition
Coverage of protection
Purpose of Due Process
Requirements of Due Process
Substantive Due Process
Requisites
Procedural Due Process
Requisites
Two Aspects of Procedural Due Process
Requirements of due process in administrative
proceedings
Cases: (13) Tomas G. Velasquez, et al. vs.
Helen B. Hernandez, G.R.
No. 150732, August 31,
2004
Common Requirement of Procedural Due Process in
Judicial of Administrative Proceedings

Void for Vagueness Doctrine

Case: (14) Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No.
148560, November 19, 2001
(15) James M. Imbong, et al. vs. Hon.
Paquito N.Ochoa, April 8, 2014
Overbreadth Doctrine
Case: (16) & (17) Quinto vs. Comelec, 605
SCRA 258 (2009) and 613 SCRA 385
(2010)
Operative Fact Doctrine
Case: (18) Belgica, et al., vs. Ochoa, Jr., G.R.
No. 208566
 3

Due Process Cases:

(19) Republic vs. Sandiganbayan, Gr 104768, July 21,
2003

(20) GSIS vs. Montesclaros, G.R. 146494, July 14,

2004
(21) Lim vs. Court of Appeals, Gr 111397, August 12,
2002
(22) Government of the United States of America vs.
Judge Puruganan, G.R. 1488571, September
24, 2002
(23) Senator Jinggoy Estrada vs. Office of The
Ombudsman, G.R. 212140-41, January 21, 2015
(24) Yrasuegui vs. PAL, Inc., G.R. No. 168081,
October 17, 2008
(25) Secretary of Justice vs. Lantion, G.R. No. 139465,
October 17, 2000
(26) Republic vs. Cagandahan, G.R. No. 166676,
September 12, 2008
(27) People vs. Silverio, G.R. No. 174689, October 22,
2007

Third Week – November 12

B. Equal Protection of the Law

Definition
Scope
Valid Classification - Requisites
Cases: (28) Mirasol vs. DPWH, G.R. 158793, June 8, 2006
(29) Jose Jesus Disini vs. Secretary of Justice, G.R.
203335, April 22, 2014
(30) Jesus Garcia vs. Hon. Ray Alan Drilon, G.R.
179267, June 25, 2013
(31) Philippine Judges Association vs. Prado, G.R.
105371, November 11, 1993
(32) Chavez vs. PCGG, G.R. 130716, December 9, 1998
(33) Himagan vs. People of the Philippines, et al., G.R.
No. 113811, October 7, 1994

Doctrine of Relative Constitutionality or Principle of

Altered Circumstance
Case: (34) Central Bank Employees Association, Inc.
vs. BSP, G.R. No. 148208, December 15, 2004

NO CLASSES ON NOVEMBER 19, 26 AND DECEMBER 3

 4

Fourth Week – December 10

II. Non-Impairment of Contracts

Laws that are considered an impairment of a contract
Case: (35) Batangas CATV, Inc. vs. The Court of
Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 138810, September 29,
2004

III. Freedom of Expression, Press, Association and Assembly

A. Freedom of Expression/Speech
Meaning of freedom of speech and of the press
What is included in the freedom of expression
What is included in “speech” and “expression”
(36) Ayer Productions vs. Capulong and
Ponce Enrile, G.R. No. 82380; and
(37) McElroy vs. Capulong, G.R. No.
82398, April 29, 2008
Three Tests on Restrictions to Free Speech
Dangerous Tendency Doctrine
Balancing of Interest
Clear and Present Danger Rule

B. Freedom of the Press

Four Aspects of the Freedom of the Press
Freedom from prior restraint
(38) Francisco Chavez vs. Raul M.
Gonzales, etc., et al., G.R. No.
168338, February 15, 2008
Freedom from subsequent punishment
Freedom of access to information
(39) Legaspi vs. Civil Service
Commission, G.R. No. L-72119, May 29,
1987
Freedom of Circulation
(40) Burgos, Sr. vs. Chief of Staff, G.R. No. L-
64261, December 26, 1984;
(41) Mutuc vs. Comelec, G.R. No. L-32717,
November 26, 1970
(42) New York Times vs. U.S. 403
U.S. 713

[Fifth Week -PRELIM EXAM-December 17)

MIDTERM

Sixth Week – January 7

 5

C. Right of Assembly
(43) Primicias vs. Fugoso, G.R. No. L-
1800, January 27, 1948
(44) Reyes vs. Bagatsing, G.R. No. L-65366,
November 9, 1983
(45) Bayan Karapatan, Kilusang
Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP)
vs. Eduardo Ermita, et al., G.R.
No. 169838, April 25, 2006

D. Right of Association
The right of government employees to form unions
and the right to strike
(46) Alliance of Government Workers vs.
Minister of Labor and Employment,
G.R. No. L-60403, August 3, 1993
(47) GSIS vs. Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawa sa
GSIS, G.R. 170132, December 6, 2006
(48) Bel Air Village Association vs. Dionisio, G.R.
No. L-38354, June 30, 1989

IV. Freedom of Religion –pp. 307-320 Suarez

Definition of Religion
Three Principal Parts of Art. III, Sec. 5
Non-establishment clause
Free exercise clause
Non-religious test clause
Two Aspects of Freedom of Religion
Freedom to believe
Freedom to act on one’s belief
Cases: (49) Gerona vs. Secretary of Education, 106
Phil 11 (1969)
(50) Ebralinag vs. The Division Superintendent
of Schools of Cebu, G.R. No. 95770,
March 1, 1993
(51) Alejandro Estrada vs. Soledad S. Escritor,
A.M. No. P-02-1651, June 22, 2006

Seventh Week – January 14

V. Liberty of Abode and Travel

A. Liberty of Abode
B. Right to Travel
Meaning of Liberty of Abode and Travel
Cases: (52) Rubi vs. Provincial Board of Mindoro,
G.R. No. L-14078, March 7, 1919
 6

(53) Villavicencio vs. Lukban, G.R. No. L-

14639, March 25, 1919
(54) Cuenca vs. Salazar, G.R. No. 99308,
November 13, 1992
(55) Salonga vs. Hermoso, G.R. No. L-53622,
April 25, 1980
(56)Marcos vs. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211,
September 15, 1989

VI. Freedom of Information and Right to Privacy

A. Freedom of Information
Two Rights Guaranteed
Scope of Right to Information
Case: (57) Chavez vs. Public Estates Authority and Amari
Coastal Bay Development, G.R. No. 133250,
July 9, 2002
(58) Valmonte vs. Belmonte, G.R. No. 74930,
February 13, 1989
B. Right to Privacy of Communication and Correspondence
Effect of Violation of the Right
When may it be validly violated
Coverage of the guarantee
R.A. No. 4200 Anti Wire Tapping Act
Effect of Violation
When can court authorize wire-tapping
Cases: (59) People vs. Sy Juco, G.R. No. L-41957, August 28,
1937
(60) Ramirez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 93833,
September 28, 1995
(61) Garcillano vs. House of Representatives
Committee on Public Information, G.R. No.
170338, December 23, 2008
(62) Zulueta vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 107383,
October 16, 1986
(63) Waterous Drug Corporation vs. NLRC, G.R. No.
1113271, October 16, 1996

Eighth Week – January 21 Midterm Exam

FINALS

Ninth Week – January 28

VII. Rights Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures and Illegal

Arrests
A. Right Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures
 7

 Requisites of a Valid Search Warrant

 Warrantless Searches
 Exclusionary Rule
Cases: (64) People of the Philippines vs. Eden del Castillo,
G.R. No. 153254, September 30, 2004
(65) People vs. Huang Zhen Hua and Jogy Lee, G.R.
No. 139301, September 29, 2004
(66) Feliciano Galvante vs. Hon. Orlando Casimiro,
G.R. No. 162808, April 22, 2008
(67) People vs. Omaweng, G.R. No. 99050, September
2, 1992
(68) People vs. Gatward, G.R. No. 119772, February 7,
1997
B. Right Against Illegal Arrests
 Warrantless Arrests
(69) Arsenio Vergara Valdez vs. People, G.R. No.
170180, Novemebr 23, 2007
(70) Harvey vs. Defensor-Santiago, G.R. No. 82544,
June 28, 1988
(71) Robin Padilla vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No.
121917, March 12, 1997

Tenth Week – February 4

VIII. Writs of Habeas Corpus, Amparo and Habeas Data

A. Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
 Writ of Habeas Corpus
 When Available
Cases: (72) Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789, May 12, 2000
(73) Carmona vs. UDMC, 93 SCRA 440, October 15, 1979
(74) Lansang vs. Garcia, G.R. No. L-33964, December 11,
1971
(75) Padilla-Garcia vs. Enrile, G.R. No. 71388, April 20,
1983
(76) SPO2 Manalo vs. PNP Chief Calderon, G.R. No.
178920, October 15, 2007

B. Writ of Amparo
 Writ of Amparo
 When Available
Cases: (77) Spouses Rozelle Raymond Martin and Claudine
Margaret Santiago vs. Raffy Tulfo, et al., G.R.
No. 205039, October 21, 2015
(78) Edgardo Navia, et al. vs. Virginia Pardico, G.R.
No. 184467, June 19, 2012
 8

(79) Gen. Avelino Razon, vs. Mary Jean B. Tagitis,

G.R. No. 182498, December 3, 2009

C. Writ of Habeas Data

 Writ of Habeas Data
 When Available
(80) Melissa Roxas vs. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, et
al., G.R. No. 189155, September 7, 2010
(81) Vivares vs. St. Theresa’s College, et al., G.R. No.
202666, September 29, 2014

Eleventh Week- February 11

IX. Rights of Persons Under Custodial Investigation

 Rights of a Person Under Investigation
Cases: (82) Miranda vs. Arizona, 384 U.S. 346 (1966)
(83) People vs. Baloloy, G.R. 140740, April 12, 2002
(84) People vs. Mahinay, G.R. 122485, February 1, 1999
(85) People vs. Abulencia, G.R. 138403, August 22, 2001

X. Right to Bail
 Bail
 Right to Bail:
General Rule
Exception
 Basic Principles of the Right to Bail
 Factors to Consider in Fixing Bail
 Forms/Kinds of Bail
Cases: (86) Government of the US vs. Judge Puruganan and
Mark Jimenez, G.R. 148571, December 17, 2002
(87) Anita Esteban vs. Hon Reynaldo A. Alhambra, G.R.
No. 135012, September 7, 2004

Twelfth Week – February 17

XI. Rights of an Accused

A. Presumption of Innocence
(88) Benito Astorga vs. People, G.R. No. 154130,
August 20, 2004

B. Privilege Against Self-Incrimination

(89) People vs. Judge Ayson, G.R. No. 85215, July 7, 1989
(90) Chavez vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 19169, August
19, 1968
 9

C. Right to Speedy, Impartial and Public Trial

(91) Roque vs. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No.
129978, May 12, 1995
(92) Abadia vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 105597,
September 23, 1994

D. Right to Speedy Disposition Cases

(93) Roquero vs. The Chancellor of UP Manila, G.R.
181851, March 9, 2010
E. Punishments

(94) Echegaray vs. Secretary of Justice, G.R. 132601,

January 19, 1999
(95) Lim vs. People, G.R. No. 149276, September 27,
2002
F. Others
1. Involuntary Servitude
2. Non-Imprisonment for Debt
(96) Sura vs. Martin, G.R. No. L-2509, November 29,
1968
(97) Arceta vs. Judge Mangrobang, G.R. No. 152895,
June 15, 2004

3. Ex Post Facto Laws

4. Bill of Attainder
(98) People vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 101724, July 3,
1992

Thirteenth Week - February 24 and Review for the Finals

5. Double Jeopardy
(99) People vs. The Sandiganbayan and Alejandro
Cillapando, G.R. No. 164185, July 23, 2008
(100) People vs. Judge Pineda, G.R. No. 44205, February
11, 1993
(101) Villareal vs. Aliga, G.R. No. 166995, January 13,
2014
(102) People vs. Dela Torre, G.R. No. 137953-58, March
11, 2002
(103) People v. Perlita J. Tria-Tirona, G.R. No. 130106,
July 15, 2006
(104) Argel vs. Judge Pascua, A.M. No. RTJ-94-1131,
August 20, 2001
(105) Jose Jesus Disini vs. Secretary of Justice, G.R. No.
203335, February 18, 2014
 10

(106) People vs. Judge Villarama, G.R. No. 99287, June

23, 1992

Fourteenth Week – Final Examination March 4