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Culture Documents
Zheng LI
School of Electrical Engineering and Information Science
Hebei University of Science and Technology
Shijiazhuang, China
lzhfgd@163.com
Abstract-This paper presents a fuzzy neural network control the temperature higher; and when the feed volume of raw
system for the process of cement production with rotary cement material increases, the reaction material in the kiln is added to
kiln. Since the dynamic characteristics and reaction process make the temperature higher. But when the temperature
parameters are with large inertia, pure hysteresis, nonlinearity increases to a certain value, since the material can not get a
and strong coupling, a fuzzy neural network controller fully reaction, the temperature of inner kiln drops. So the input
combining both the advantages of neural network and fuzzy volume of inner kiln material should be in a certain
control is applied. This fuzzy neural network controller adjusts proportional relationship with the feed volume of coal to make
the parameters of membership functions in order to acquire the them in a fully reaction state. The feed volume of coal and raw
required control performance. The fuzzy neural network is an
material are controlled by the speed of coal feed motor and raw
adaptive neural network whose parameters can be corrected by
learning algorithms automatically. The main control system
material motor respectively. The rotary kiln should be
structure includes three control loops as the pressure control loop, remaining a micro-negative pressure state, because in the
the burning zone control loop and the back-end of kiln positive pressure state, the ventilation is poor and the fuel can
temperature control loop. The simulation results show the not be burned completely; in the large negative pressure state,
effectiveness of the control scheme with quick response time and the fast ventilation will take away the heat. The inner pressure
lower overshoot, also with small temperature deviation. of kiln is controlled by the speed of flue blower. The whole
system can be shown as figure 1.
Index Terms-FNN, neural network, control system, cement
rotary kiln
Head-end of the CoollnC BwrinC Reac1ion Decomposilt Dryinc Ptt-htatlnc Raw Material
kiln Zoot Zoot Exothermic Zone Zone Zoot Zone
I. INTRODUCTION Coal Powder
II. ANALYSIS OF CEMENT ROTARY KILN A. System Structure ofthe Cement Rotary Kiln
Cement rotary kiln thermal system decides the production, Figure 2 denotes the control system of cement rotary kiln.
quality and energy consumption. There are several factors The control links contain the burning zone temperature (feed
impact the thermal system of rotary kiln, including the rotation volume of coal control), back-end of kiln temperature (feed
speed, the feed volume of coal, the feed volume of raw material volume of raw material control), and the inner pressure (blower
and inner pressure of rotary kiln. When the kiln rotation speed speed control) three parts [6]. The control system contains AID,
increases, the temperature drops slightly and usually the speed D/A converter and I/O modules together with a number of
is kept constantly. When the feed volume of coal increases, the sensors or transformers. There are three control loops in the
reaction of decomposition furnace can be exacerbated to make system, which are the pressure control loop, burning zone
control loop and back-end of kiln temperature control loop. The
ack-endorlhe
_---t-~ kiln
290
CAR 2010
PID neuron network control algorithm is implemented by the where Xi' is the command error between the desired command
IPC of the highest level in the system.
and the actual output value, N denotes the number of iterations,
IPC PID Neuron Networks
Controller Field Bus y: is the output of the FNN.
€tHau.
Modules IConvert
Layer 2: Membership Layer
In this layer, each node performs a membership function.
va The Gaussian function is adopted as the membership function.
AID L....::Dor/A,----------,
For the jth node
2
net~ (N) = (x j - mij )2
(3)
(Tij)2
y~(N) = If(net~ (N)) = exp(net~(N)),j = 1,...,n (4)
n
3 outputs.
net~(N) = w~kx~(N), (5)
j
=I
Figure 3 Cement rotary kiln fuzzy neural network control system
net: (N) wtoxt (7)
k
A four-layer FNN as shown in Fig. 4, which comprises the
input (the i layer), membership (the j layer), rule (the k layer) y: (N) = 104 (net: (N)) = net: (N) 0 = 1,2,3
and output layer (the a layer), is adopted to implement the (8)
FNN controller in this study. The signal propagation and the
basic function in each layer of the FNN are introduced as where the connecting weight wto is the output action strength
follows [7]: of the 0 th output associated with the kth rule; xt represents
Layer 1: Input Layer the kth input to the 0 th node of layer 4. The output of the
Tr"' ....nofu.... ,\Ira'o...." ...",
• and the net FNN is the is the controlled signal.
To described the online learning algorithm of the FNN
using the supervised gradient decent method, the following
yo (1) equation is dermed as
Cement
ROht')'
, ,2,3 (2)
Kiln
y'
291
Tr"' ....notu.... Mrllsu........."f
The whole fuzzy set can be derived from every fuzzy input
variable using the maximum belonging function. The intensity
of each rule can be written as
OJk =PA(x\)APB(X
, 2) (14)
~
}
~o
0.1
dOJ dk = -lJ-- = lJY; (1- Y; )(Ydi - Y; )Ok
d
= lJ8k O kd 2 22.69 638.26 1363.21 1219.86 659.36 471
OOJdk
3 23.88 651.76 1354.47 1310.37 671.23 479.43
(10)
8 k =Y;(1-Y;)(Ydi -Y;) (II) 4 24.35 649.38 1321.83 1287.69 668.32 473.24
_x~_ _ o 292
Perfonnance is 0.00575525, Goal is 0
10' r-~-~-~~-~-~~-~~~---, 0.9
0.75
0.6
~
~
0.45
0.3
0.15
10" '--------'-_----'-_'--------'-_----'-_'-------'-_---'-------''------J
o 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0
If stop Training 1 100 Epochs 0 20 40 60 80 100S
0
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Modeling and Simulation". Clean Techn. Environ. Policy, 2006,8(2):
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0.8
[3] Mujumdar K S,Ranade V V. "Simulation of Rotary Cement Kilns Using
0.7
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~ 2590-2607.
<;:J 0.4
[5] Wang Z,Yuan M Z,Wang B,Wang H,Wang T R. "Dynamic Model of
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0.3
International Conference on Modeling, Identification, and Control.
0.2
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0 20 40 60 80 100S
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(b)
293