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45
Oxygen (PaO2) 80-100 mm Hg
Blood Gases Carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 35-45mm Hg
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) 22-26 mEq/L
Base Excess +3 to -3
Normal Serum Sodium 135-145 mEq/L
Potassium 3.5-5.1 mEq/L
Electrolytes Chloride 98-107 mEq/L
Bicarbonate (venous) 23-29 mEq/L
Calcium 9-10.5mg/dL total or
4.6-5.1mg/dL ionized
Magnesium 1.8-3 mg/dL
Phosphorous 3-4.5mg/dL
Normal Adult Fasting blood glucose 70-110mg/dL
Random (capillary) glucose 60-110 mg/dL
Glucose Levels 2-hour postprandial blood <140 mg/dL
glucose
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Fasting baseline 70-110 mg/dL
30-minute sample 110-170 mg/dL
60-minute sample 120-170 mg/dL
90-minute sample 100-140 mg/dL
120-minute sample 70-120 mg/dL
Glycosylated hemoglobin A1c
Normal 3.5-6%
Good Diabetic Control 7.5% or lower
Fair Diabetic Control 7.6%-8.9%
Poor Diabetic Control 9% or higher
Coagulation Prothrombin Time (PT) 9.6-11.8 seconds for adult
males and 9.5-11.3 seconds
Studies for adult females.
Therapeutic level for
warfarin is 1.5 to 2 times the
control.
International Normalized Ratio 2.0-3.0 for normal warfarin
(INR) therapy
3.0-4.5 for high dose therapy
Activated Partial Thromboplastin 20-35 seconds, therapeutic
time (aPTT) range for heparin therapy is
1.5-2.5 times the controls.
Clotting time (measures time of 8-15 minutes
clotting process)
Complete Blood Hematocrit (Hct) [proportion of Males: 40-50%
RBCs in a volume of whole Females 38-47%
Count blood]
Hemoglobin Males: 13.5-18 grams/dL
Females: 12-16 grams/ dL
RBC count Males: 4.5-6.2 million cells/
microliter
Females: 4.0-5.5 million
cells/ microliter
Platelet count 150, 000-450, 000 per cubic
mm (mm3)
WBC (consists Total WBC 5000-10,000 cells/mm3
of Monocytes Neutrophils 50-70% or 2500-7000
and (total) cells/microliter
lymphocytes; Segments 50-65% or 2500-6500
no stainable (mature) cells/microliter
granules in Bands 0-5% or 0-500
nucleus) and (immature) cells/microliter
granulocytes [increase
(neutrophils, indicate
eosinophils, and inflammation
basophils) or infection,
demand
outweigh
production]
Eosinophils 1-3% or 100-300
[increase cells/microliter
indicate
allergic and
parasitic
conditions and
decrease with
higher level of
steroids]
Basophils 0.4-1.0% or 40-100
(increase cells/microliter
during healing
process and
decrease when
steroid levels
rise)
Lymphocytes 25-35% or 1700-3500
(increase cells/microliter
during chronic
and viral
infections and
lymphocytic
leukemia)
Monocytes 4-6% or 200-600 cells/
(phagocytes, microliter
ingest debris)
Cardiovascular Serum Lipids Total < 200 mg/dL
(elevated levels Cholesterol
Function Studies of total
cholesterol, low
density
lipoproteins LDL < 130 mg/dL
(LDLs) and
triglycerides
increase risk of
heart disease,
stroke, HDL 30-70 mg/dL
peripheral
vascular
disease. While
High density
lipoproteins Triglycerides < 200 mg/dL, increased
have a levels indicate
cardioprotective hyperlipidemia (possibly
function) familial)
CK-MM(skel.) 94-100%
CK-MB(cardi) 0-6%
CK-BB(brain) 0%
(begins to rise
4-6 hrs after
myocardial or
skeletal
muscle
damage, peaks
at 18-24hrs
and returns to
normal within
3-4 days)
Lactic 140-280 units/L
dehydrogenase
(LDH)
LDH1 14-26%
LDH2 29-39%
LDH3 20-26%
LDH4 8-16%
LDH5 6-16%
(begins to rise
24 hours after
myocardial
damage, peaks
in 48-72hours
and returns to
normal within
7-14 days)
Cardiac
Troponins
Specific 1.005-1030
gravity
pH 4.6-6.0
Protein Trace to none
Glucose None
Ketones None
5 grams/day: nephrotic
syndrome,
glomerulonephritis.