Chapter 14

Hydrogen

Solutions

SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
(Hydrogen)
1. The ionisation energy of hydrogen is high as compared to alkali metals because of
(1) One electron in outermost shell (2) Small size
(3) One proton in its nucleus (4) No neutron
Sol. Answer (2)
The ionisation energy of hydrogen is very high in comparison to alkali metals. This is because the 1s electron
of hydrogen is tightly held by the nucleus due to its small size.
iH of hydrogen = 1312 kJ mol–1.

2. Which of the following is the correct statement?

(1) Hydrogen has the same I.E. as that of alkali metals
(2) Hydrogen has strong tendency to gain one electron same as that of alkali metals
(3) Hydrogen molecule is diatomic so are the halogens
(4) Electron affinity of hydrogen is same as that of halogens
Sol. Answer (3)
Hydrogen molecule is diatomic so are the halogens. Resemblance with halogens, hydrogen molecule is
diatomic (H2) and so are the molecules of halogens (say F2).

3. The isotope of hydrogen which is radioactive is

(1) Protium (2) Tritium (3) Deuterium (4) Neutron
Sol. Answer (2)

 3
1 H or T  : This isotope of hydrogen is radioactive and emits low energy –particles having half life period of
12.33 years.

4. Hydrogen accepts an electron to attain inert gas configuration. In this way it resembles
(1) Halogens (2) Alkali metals (3) Transition metals (4) Chalcogens

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 2 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (1)

Halogens with general outer electronic configuration (ns2np5) have a tendency to gain one electron and attain
nearest noble gas configuration. Similarly, hydrogen (1s1) gains one electron to form H– ion and attain nearest
noble gas (helium gas) configuration.
5. Hydrogen acts as a reducing agent and thus resembles
(1) Halogen (2) Noble gas (3) Radioactive elements (4) Alkali metals
Sol. Answer (4)
Alkali metals have a strong tendency to lose one electron from their outermost shell to form unipositive ions
(Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) and attain nearest noble gas configuration. Similarly, hydrogen also loses electron
to form H+ ion. Reducing agent undergoes oxidation and oxidation means the loss of electrons by the
element.

6. Which position of hydrogen explain its properties?

(1) At the top of halogens (2) At the top of alkali metals
(3) At the top of chalcogens (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (4)
The electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1s1, yet its position in the periodic table is not certain and
unsatisfactory. Hydrogen exhibits properties similar to both alkali metals (group 1) and halogens (group 17).

7. Ionisation energy of hydrogen is

(1) Equal to that of fluorine
(2) Lower than that of fluorine
(3) Slightly higher than that of fluorine
(4) Much higher than that of fluorine
Sol. Answer (2)
iH of hydrogen (1312 kJ mol–1) is lower than iH of fluorine (1680 kJ mol–1).

8. Which of the following statements concerning protium, deuterium and tritium is not true?
(1) They are isotopes of each other
(2) They have similar electronic configurations
(3) They exist in the nature in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 respectively
(4) Their mass numbers are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 respectively
Sol. Answer (3)
They exist in the nature in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 respectively. The statement is incorrect as their mass numbers
are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 respectively.

9. The number of nucleons in D2 molecule is

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (4)

Deuterium has one proton and one neutron in the nucleus,  12 H or D . Therefore, in ‘D2’ there are a total of
four nucleons i.e. 2 protons + 2 neutrons = 4 nucleons.

10. Water gas is

(1) CO + H2 (2) CO2 + H2 (3) CO + H2O (4) CO2 + N2

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 3
Sol. Answer (1)
1270 K
C(s) + H 2O(g)   CO(g) + H 2 (g)
Water gas

11. The catalyst used in the water-gas shift reaction is

(1) Sodium arsenite (2) Nickel
(3) Potassium permanganate (4) Iron chromate
Sol. Answer (4)
673 K
CO(g) + H 2O(g) 
FeCrO 4
 CO 2 (g) + H 2 (g)
Iron chromate

12. The reaction between which of the following reactants produces hydrogen?
(1) Zn + HCl (2) BaO2 + HCl (3) K2S2O8 + H2O (4) Na2O2 + HCl
Sol. Answer (1)
In laboratory dihydrogen is prepared by the reaction of granulated zinc with dilute HCl or dilute H2SO4.

13. High purity dihydrogen is obtained by electrolysing

(1) Warm aqueous barium hydroxide (2) Brine solution
(3) Acidified sulphate solution (4) Water gas
Sol. Answer (1)
Hydrogen of high purity (> 99.95%) is obtained by electrolysing warm aqueous barium hydroxide between nickel
electrodes.

14. Hydrogen is not obtained when sodium reacts with

(1) Cold water (2) Dilute H2SO4 (3) Molten NaCl (4) Dilute HCl
Sol. Answer (3)
For the liberation of hydrogen as the product, any compound containing hydrogen should be present in the
reactants.

15. The process by which ammonia is formed from nitrogen and hydrogen is
(1) Contact process (2) Haber process (3) Ostwald process (4) Hydrogenation process
Sol. Answer (2)
673 K, 200 atm
3H 2 (g) + N 2 (g)   2NH3 (g); H = –92.6 kJ mol –1
Fe

16. Hydrogenation of alkenes yield

(1) Alkanes (2) Alkynes (3) Aldehydes (4) Carboxylic acids
Sol. Answer (1)
H H
473 K
H C C H(g) + H2(g) H3C – CH3(g)
Ni
Ethene Ethane
The above reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
(Hydrides)

17. Ionic hydrides are usually

(1) Good conductors of electricity in solid state (2) Stoichiometric compounds
(3) Volatile (4) Non-crystalline

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 4 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (2)

The ionic hydrides are stoichiometric which are formed when hydrogen combines with elements of s-block
which are highly electropositive in nature.

18. Group 2 hydrides with significant covalent character is/are

(1) BeH2 (2) MgH2 (3) CaH2 (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (4)
There are some elements in s-block like Be, Mg which do not form ionic hydrides. Due to the small size
and high electronegativity (high polarising power).

19. In which of the following compounds does hydrogen has an oxidation state of –1?
(1) CH4 (2) NH3 (3) HCl (4) CaH2
Sol. Answer (4)
Ionic hydrides are formed by transfer of electrons from metal to hydrogen atoms and contains hydrogen as
H– ion such as calcium hydride (Ca2+2H–).

20. The H – O – H angle in water molecule is about

(1) 90° (2) 180° (3) 109°28 (4) 104.5°
Sol. Answer (4)

O
(Water molecule)
104.5 °
H H

21. Heavy water is

(1) De-mineralised water
(2) De-ionized water
(3) Ordinary water containing dissolved salts of heavy metals
(4) The compound of heavier isotope of hydrogen with oxygen (D2O)
Sol. Answer (4)
The compound of heavier isotope of hydrogen with oxygen (D2O). Heavy water is chemically deuterium oxide
(D2O). Deuterium is an isotope of hydrogen.
(Hard water)

22. Hardness of water cannot be removed by

(1) Treating with washing soda (2) Boiling
(3) Adding calgon (4) Addition of chlorine
Sol. Answer (4)
Hardness of water cannot be removed by addition of chlorine because chlorine is not a water softening agent.

23. Temporary hardness may be removed from water by adding

(1) CaCO3 (2) Ca(OH)2 (3) CaSO4 (4) HCl

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 5
Sol. Answer (2)
Clark's method:

Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 + Ca(OH) 2 
 2CaCO 3  + 2H 2O

Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 + 2Ca(OH) 2 
 2CaCO 3  + Mg(OH) 2  + 2H 2O

24. Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of

(1) Sulphates of Mg and Ca (2) Bicarbonates of Mg and Ca
(3) Sulphates of Na and K (4) Bicarbonates of Na and K
Sol. Answer (1)
Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium.

25. Permanent hardness of water is removed by adding

(1) Slaked lime (2) Sodium bicarbonate (3) Washing soda (4) Calcium hydroxide
Sol. Answer (3)

CaCl 2 + Na 2CO 3 
 CaCO 3  + 2NaCl
ppt

MgSO 4 + Na 2CO 3 
 MgCO 3  + Na 2SO 4
ppt

When calculated amount of washing soda is added to hard water containing soluble sulphates and chlorides
of calcium and magnesium, then these soluble salts get converted into insoluble carbonates which get
precipitated.

26. Permutit is chemically

(1) Hydrated sodium aluminium silicate (2) Sodium hexaphosphate
(3) Sodium bicarbonate (4) Calcium hydroxide
Sol. Answer (1)
Ion exchange method employs the use of zeolite or permutit which is hydrated sodium aluminium silicate
(NaAlSiO4) therefore, it is also known as zeolite/permutit process.

27. In Clark’s process for removing hardness of water, the reagent used is
(1) Acidic (2) Basic (3) Neutral (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (2)

Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 + Ca(OH) 2 
 2CaCO 3  + 2H 2O

Mg(HCO 3 ) 2 + 2Ca(OH) 2 
 2CaCO 3  + Mg(OH) 2 + 2H 2O
(Hydrogen peroxide)

28. The structure of H2O2 is

(1) Open book like (2) Closed book like (3) Pyramidal (4) Linear

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 6 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (1)

H H
95.0 pm 98.8 pm
147.5 pm 111.5° 145.8 pm 90.2°
O O O O
94.8° 101.9°

H H

Gas phase Solid phase

29. The dihedral angle of H2O2 in solid phase is
(1) 111.5° (2) 90.2° (3) 94.8° (4) 101.9°
Sol. Answer (2)
The dihedral angle of H2O2 in solid phase is 90.2°.

30. The volume of O2 liberated from 0.96 g of H2O2 at STP is

(1) 224.6 mL (2) 316.2 mL (3) 390.0 mL (4) 112.5 mL
Sol. Answer (2)

2H 2O 2 
 2H 2O + O 2
2  34g 22.4 L
= 68 g
22.4 L of O2 at NTP obtained from H2O2 = 68 g

22.4  10 3
0.96 g of H2O2 =  0.96
68

= 0.33  103  0.96

= 0.3168  103
= 316.8 mL

SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
(Hydrogen)

1. Hydrogen can be prepared by

(1) Electrolysis of acidified water (2) Bosch's process
(3) Lane's process (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Hydrogen can be produced by all the methods i.e. electrolysis of acidified water, Bosch's process and Lane's
process.

2. Commercial hydrogen is obtained from

(1) Coal gas (2) Water gas (3) Air (4) Producer gas

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 7
Sol. Answer (2)

1270 K
C + H 2O(g) 
Ni
 CO + H 2

1270 K
C nH 2n+2 + nH 2O(g) 
Ni
 nCO(g) + (2n+1)H 2 (g)

Water gas  CO + H2.

3. Which is a source of nascent hydrogen?

I. Zn + dil HCl II. CH3OH + Na

III. Electrolysis of H2O IV. Silent electric discharge of H2O2

(1) I & II (2) II & III (3) I, II, III (4) IV

Sol. Answer (1)

Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + 2[H]

Nascent hydrogen
Na/CH3OH is another form of producing nascent hydrogen.

4. Electrolysis of 50% H2SO4 gives

(1) H2O (2) D2O (3) H2O2 (4) H2

Sol. Answer (3)

H 2S 2O 8 + H 2O  H 2SO 4 + H 2SO 5

Peroxomono
sulphuric acid

H2SO5 + H2O  H2SO4 + H2O2.

5. Lane's process is for the preparation of

(1) H2 (2) H2O (3) H2O2 (4) D2O

Sol. Answer (1)

By Lane's process hydrogen is formed when super-heated steam is passed over iron and heated to about
1023 – 1073 K

3Fe + 4H 2O  Steam 

1023–1073 K
 Fe 3O 4 + 4H 2 .

6. In water gas shift reaction reactant is

(1) H2 + H2O (2) H2 + CO2

(3) H2 + CO + H2O(g) (4) H2 + D2

Sol. Answer (3)

CO(g) + H 2O  g 
673 K
FeCrO 4
 CO 2 (g) + H 2 (g)

Water-gas shift reaction, water gas C + H2O  CO + H2.

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 8 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

7. In Ortho and Para hydrogen, the nuclear spin respectively are

(1) Parallel and opposite (2) Opposite and parallel
(3) It may be parallel or opposite (4) They do not differ in nuclear spin
Sol. Answer (1)
Ortho and para forms have one and zero nuclear spin respectively

Ortho-hydrogen Para-hydrogen
(parallel nuclear spin) (Anti-parallel nuclear spin)

8. When hydrolith is treated with water it yields

(1) H2 (2) H2O2 (3) NaH (4) N2
Sol. Answer (1)
Hydrolith is the trade name for impure (90%) CaH2
CaH2 + 2H2O  Ca(OH)2 + 2H2

9. Which of the following will determine whether the given colourless liquid is water or not?
(1) Melting (2) Tasting
(3) Phenolphthalein (4) Adding a pinch of anhydrous CuSO4
Sol. Answer (4)
On addition of CuSO4 (white in colour) into a beaker containing a colourless liquid, water will turn into a blue
solution. This is because CuSO4 will combine with H2O to form a blue compound CuSO45H2O.

10. Select the correct statement.

(1) O–H bond is stronger than O–D bond
(2) O–H bond is weaker than O–D bond
(3) Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium
(4) O–H and O–D bond strength is same
Sol. Answer (2)
O–H bond is weaker than O–D bond because dipole-dipole forces.

11. Which of the following is correct?

(1) LiH is thermally more stable than CsH
1
(2) Density of H2 is about th of that of air
14
(3) Atomic hydrogen is much more reactive than ordinary hydrogen
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

Small size of Li+ ion which is capable for polarizing H ion make LiH most stable. Density of H2 is about
1
th that of air. Atomic hydrogen is more reactive than ordinary hydrogen.
14

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 9
12. When same amount of zinc is treated separately with excess of sulphuric acid and excess of sodium hydroxide
solution, the ratio of volumes of hydrogen evolved is
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1:2 (3) 2:1 (4) 9:4
Sol. Answer (1)
Zn + H2SO4  ZnSO4 + H2
Zn + 2NaOH  Na2ZnO2 + H2
The ratio of volumes of H2 evolved in both the cases is 1 : 1.

h
13. CH3D  Cl2   Product. The product is
(1 mole)

(1) CH2DCl (2) CH3Cl (3) CDCl3 (4) CCl4

Sol. Answer (1)
h
CH 3D + Cl 2 
1 mole
CH 2DCl + HCl

D is a heavier atom, hydrogen will be more replacable with energy just of 1 mole h the above product is
only possible.

14. Which of the following is most reactive?

(1) H2 (2) H (nascent) (3) D2 (4) H (atomic)
Sol. Answer (4)
The reactivity order of hydrogen is, H2 < Nascent hydrogen < Atomic hydrogen.

15. When 50% solution of H2SO4 is electrolysed by passing a current of high density at low temperature then main
products of electrolysis are
(1) Oxygen and Hydrogen (2) H2 and peroxy disulphuric acid
(3) H2 and SO2 (4) O2 and peroxy disulphuric acid
Sol. Answer (2)
2H2SO4  2H+ + 2HSO4–
2H+ + 2e–  H2

2HSO4–  H2S2O8 + 2e
Peroxy disulphuric acid
(Hydrides)

16. Interstitial hydrides are formed by

(1) s-block metals (2) p-block metals (3) d-block metals (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Metallic or interstitial hydrides are formed when hydrogen reacts with transition metals.

17. The group of elements responsible for hydride gap

(1) Mn, Ca, Ni (2) Mn, Fe, Li (3) Mn, Fe, Co (4) Mn, Cu, Cl
Sol. Answer (3)
The metals of 7, 8 and 9 groups do not form hydrides and hence this region of periodic table is known as
hydride gap.

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10 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

18. Which of the following is interstitial hydride?

(1) CaH2 (2) CuH (3) PH3 (4) NaH
Sol. Answer (2)
Interstitial hydrides are formed by transition elements.

19. Hydrogen exists in atomic state in which of the following compounds?

(1) Metallic hydrides (2) Ionic hydride (3) Molecular hydrides (4) H2O
Sol. Answer (1)
Metallic or interstitial hydrides have hydrogen atoms occupied interstitial positions in the metal lattices. This
is due to the small size of hydrogen atoms compared to the metal ions. In these hydrides, hydrogen exists
in atomic rather than ionic form.

20. The velocity of neutrons in nuclear reactor is slowed down by

(1) Heavy water (2) Ordinary water (3) Zinc rod (4) Fused caustic soda
Sol. Answer (1)
Water that contains deuterium atoms in place of hydrogen atoms; used as a moderator for reactor cores.

21. Heavy water has maximum density at

(1) 4°C (2) 11.6°C (3) 0°C (4) 273 K
Sol. Answer (2)
Heavy water has maximum density at 11.6°C.

22. Heavy water is

(1) H2O (2) D2O
(3) Water at 4°C (4) Water obtained by repeated distillation
Sol. Answer (2)
Heavy water is chemically deuterium oxide (D2O).

23. Heavy water is called as heavy because it is

(1) A heavy liquid (2) An oxide of heavier isotope of oxygen
(3) An oxide of deuterium (4) Less denser than H2O
Sol. Answer (3)
Heavy water is chemically deuterium oxide (D2O). Hence, it is called heavy water.

24. Both cation and anion impurities can be removed from hard water by using
(1) Zeolites (2) Organic ion exchanges
(3) Calgon (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Synthetic resins method is superior to zeolite method because they remove all types of unwanted cations
as well as anions present in water.
25. H2O2 acts as
(1) Oxidising agent (2) Reducing agent (3) Bleaching agent (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
H2O2  H2O + [O]

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 11
Due to nascent oxygen, it can act as a permanent bleaching agent

H 2O 2 + H 2O 2 
 2H 2O + O 2
+1 –1 +1 –1 +1 –2 0

Oxidation state of hydrogen remains the same. Oxygen in one molecule of H2O2 is oxidised to O2 (–1  0)
whereas in another molecule is reduced to H2O (–1  –2). Thus, H2O2 acts both as an oxidizing and reducing
agent.
(Hydrogen peroxide)

26. Structure of blue vitriol shows presence of

(1) Coordinate bond (2) Covalent bond (3) Hydrogen bond (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)

H H
H O O H H O– O
Cu O S
H O O H H O
–
O
H H

The structure shows presence of coordinate bond, covalent bond and hydrogen bond.

27. Hydrogen peroxide is used as

(1) Oxidising agent only (2) Reducing agent only
(3) Both as oxidising and reducing agent (4) Drying agent
Sol. Answer (3)
The oxidising nature of H2O2 is due to the possession of labile oxygen atom
H2O2  H2O + (O)
It acts as a reducing agent in both acidic and alkaline medium towards powerful oxidising agents
H2O2  2H+ + O2 + 2e– (in acidic medium)
H2O2 + 2OH–  2H2O + O2 + 2e– (in alkaline medium)
28. H2O2 is manufactured these days
(1) By the action of H2O2 on BaO (2) By the action of H2SO4 on Na2O
(3) By electrolysis of 50% H2SO4 (4) By burning hydrogen in excess of oxygen
Sol. Answer (3)
2H2SO4  2H+ + 2HSO4–
Cathode : 2H+ + 2e–  H2

Anode : 2HSO4–  H2S2O8 + 2e

29. H2O2 restores the colour of old lead paintings, blackened by the action of H2S gas by
(1) Converting PbO2 to Pb (2) Oxidising PbS to PbSO4
(3) Converting PbCO3 to Pb (4) Oxidising PbSO3 to PbSO4
Sol. Answer (2)
PbS(s) + 4H2O2(aq)  PbSO4(s) + 4H2O(l)

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12 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

30. In the reaction

2K3[Fe(CN)6] + 2KOH + H2O2  2K4[Fe(CN)6] + 2H2O + O2 , H2O2 acts as
(1) Reducing agent (2) Oxidising agent (3) Knocking agent (4) Bleaching agent
Sol. Answer (1)
H2O2 reduces potassium ferricyanide to potassium ferrocyanide
2K3[Fe(CN)6] + 2KOH + H2O2  2K4[Fe(CN)6] + 2H2O + O2.

31. Decomposition of H2O2 can be slowed down by addition of small amount phosphoric acid which act as
(1) Stopper (2) Inhibitor (3) Detainer (4) Promotor
Sol. Answer (2)
In a reaction inhibitor is a substance that decreases the rate of a chemical reaction. Thus, phosphoric acid
is an inhibitor.

32. H2O2 H2O + O2. This represents

(1) Oxidation of H2O2 (2) Reduction of H2O2
(3) Disproportionation of oxygen (4) Acidic nature of H2O2
Sol. Answer (3)
–1 x 2 +1 x 2
–2 0
H2O2 H2O + O2
Red
Oxid

33. 20 volume hydrogen peroxide means

(1) 1 ml of H2O2 solution gives 20 L of O2 at NTP (2) 1 mole of H2O2 give 20 ml of O2 at NTP
(3) 1 g of H2O2 give 20 ml of O2 at NTP (4) 1 ml of H2O2 solution give 20 ml of O2 at NTP
Sol. Answer (4)
This tells how much oxygen is released from 1 ml of hydrogen peroxide solution. 1 ml of 10 volume gives
10 ml oxygen. 1 ml of 20 volume gives 20 ml oxygen.

34. 1 ml of H2O2 solution gives 10 ml of O2 at N.T.P. It is

(1) 10 vol H2O2 (2) 20 vol H2O2 (3) 30 vol H2O2 (4) 40 H2O2
Sol. Answer (1)
1 ml of 10 volume H2O2 gives 10 ml oxygen at NTP

35. The normality of 10 volume H2O2 is nearly

(1) 2.1 (2) 3.4 (3) 1.7 (4) 5.1
Sol. Answer (3)
∵ Volume strength = Normality × 5.6
10
Normality of 10 volume H2O2 solution   1.78 N
5.6

36. The amount of H2O2 present in 1 L of 1.5 N H2O2 solution is

(1) 2.5 g (2) 25.5 g (3) 3.0 (4) 8.0

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 13
Sol. Answer (2)
1.5 N means 1.5 gram equivalent in 1 L solution
Weight
Normality 
eq. wt of H 2O 2  Volume of solution (in litre)
wt
 1.5 
17
wt = 1.5  17
= 25.5 g

37. H2O and H2O2 resemble in

(1) Hybridisation of oxygen (2) Oxidation state of oxygen
(3) Structure (4) Bond angle
Sol. Answer (1)
Hybridisation of oxygen in H2O and H2O2 is sp3.

38. Boiling point of D2O is

(1) 100°C (2) 105.5°C (3) 101.4°C (4) 102.6°C
Sol. Answer (3)
+ – + –
It turns out that O D O "H-Bonding" is slightly stronger than O H O bond. The slightly greater
H-bonding strength increases the intermolecular forces in D2O compared to H2O and D2O has a higher boiling
point (by 1.5ºC) than H2O.

SECTION - C

Previous Years Questions

1. Which of the following statements about hydrogen is incorrect? [NEET-2016]

(1) Dihydrogen does not act as a reducing agent
(2) Hydrogen has three isotopes of which tritium is the most common
(3) Hydrogen never acts as cation in ionic salts
(4) Hydronium ion, H3O+ exists freely in solution
Sol. Answer (1 & 2)
Fact.
2. In acidic medium, H2O2 changes Cr2O72 to CrO5 which has two (–O–O–) bonds. Oxidation state of Cr in CrO5 is
[AIPMT-2014]
(1) +5 (2) +3 (3) +6 (4) –10
Sol. Answer (3)
O
O O
+6
Cr
O O
3. The ease of adsorption of the hydrates alkali metal ions on an ion-exchange resins follows the order
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]

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14 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

(1) K+ < Na+< Rb+ < Li+ (2) Na+ < Li+ < K+ < Rb+
(3) Li+ < K+ < Na+ < Rb+ (4) Rb+ < K+ < Na+ < Li+
Sol. Answer (3)
Smaller the ion more is the extent of hydration. The hydration enthalpies of alkali metal ions decrease with
increase in ionic size. Hydration enthalpy is proportional to nuclear charge.
Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+
More the hydrated ion larger will be its size. In contrast, when the aqueous ions are adsorbed on an ion-
exchange resin, the order of the strength of adsorption is Li < Na < K < Rb . As Li ion is most highly
hydrated, the size of the hydrated Li ions is maximum.
4. Some statements about heavy water are given below
a. Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors
b. Heavy water is more associated than ordinary water
c. Heavy water is more effective solvent than ordinary water
Which of the above statements are correct ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) a and b (2) a, b and c (3) b and c (4) a and c
Sol. Answer (1)
Heavy water is used as a moderator in nuclear reactors. Heavy water is more associated than ordinary water.

5. Hydrogen is prepared from H2O by adding

(1) Ca, which acts as reducing agent (2) Al, which acts as oxidising agent
(3) Ag, which acts as reducing agent (4) Au, which acts as oxidising agent
Sol. Answer (1)
Ca + 2H2O  H2 + Ca(OH)2

6. The hydride ion H– is stronger base than its hydroxide ion OH–. Which of the following reaction will occur if
sodium hydride (NaH) is dissolved in water?
(1) H– + H2O  No reaction (2) H– (aq) + H2O  H2O
(3) H– (aq) + H2O(l)  OH– + H2 (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (3)
NaH + H2O  NaOH + H2

7. Which of the following statements about the interstitial compounds is incorrect?

(1) They are chemically reactive
(2) They are much harder than the pure metal
(3) They have higher melting points than the pure metal
(4) They retain metallic conductivity
Sol. Answer (1)
Interstitial compounds are generally not chemically reactive.

8. The volume strength of 1.5 NH2O2 solution is

(1) 8.8 (2) 8.4 (3) 4.8 (4) 5.2
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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 15
Sol. Answer (2)

2  Volume strength
Molarity 
22.4

1.5 N = 0.75 M H2O2

2  Volume strength
 0.75   Volume strength = 0.75  11.2 = 8.4
22.4

9. Which one of the following pairs of substances on reaction will not evolve H2 gas?
(1) Copper and HCl (aqueous) (2) Iron and steam
(3) Iron and H2SO4 (aqueous) (4) Sodium and ethyl alcohol
Sol. Answer (1)
Copper being weakly electropositive, is not very reactive. It resists the action of most of the common chemical
reagents like air, H2O, acids and alkalies. Non-oxidising acids like HCl and dilute H2SO4 have no effect on
copper in absence of air/O2.
10. Zn gives H2 gas with H2SO4 and HCl but not with HNO3 because
(1) Zn act as oxidizing agent when react with HNO3
(2) HNO3 is weaker acid than H2SO4 and HCl
(3) In electrochemical series Zn is above hydrogen

(4) NO3 is reduced in preference to hydronium ion

Sol. Answer (4)

4Zn + 10HNO3  4Zn(NO3)2 + NH4NO3 + 3H2O
11. Which pair of substances gives same gaseous product, when these react with water?
(1) K and KO2 (2) Ba and BaO2 (3) Ca and CaH2 (4) Na and Na2O2
Sol. Answer (3)
Ca + 2H2O  Ca(OH)2 + H2
CaH2 + 2H2O  Ca(OH)2 + 2H2
12. Ortho and para hydrogen differ in
(1) Proton spin (2) Electron spin (3) Nuclear charge (4) Nuclear reaction
Sol. Answer (1)
If the spins of the nuclei of two H-atoms of H2 molecule are in the same direction, the dihydrogen is called
ortho hydrogen. But if the spins of the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms are in opposite directions, it is called
para hydrogen.
13. Action of water or dilute mineral acids on metals can give
(1) Monohydrogen (2) Tritium
(3) Dihydrogen (4) Trihydrogen
Sol. Answer (3)
2Na + HCl(dil.)  NaCl + H2

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16 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

14. Deuterium resembles hydrogen in chemical properties but reacts

(1) More vigorously than hydrogen (2) Faster than hydrogen
(3) Slower than hydrogen (4) Just as hydrogen
Sol. Answer (3)
Deuterium resembles hydrogen in chemical properties and gives all characteristic reactions of hydrogen, forming
analogous compounds. It, however reacts more slowly and less completely than hydrogen.
15. Spin isomerism is shown by
(1) Dichloro benzene (2) Hydrogen (3) Dibasic acid (4) n-butane
Sol. Answer (2)
Spin isomerism is shown by hydrogen i.e. ortho and para hydrogen.
16. Hydrogen can be fused to form helium at
(1) High temperature and high pressure (2) High temperature and low pressure
(3) Low temperature and high pressure (4) Low temperature and low pressure
Sol. Answer (1)
High temperature and high pressure favour the fuse of hydrogen to form helium. For example, on the sun's
atmosphere nuclear fusion reactions keep occurring as hydrogen gets fused to form helium.

17. What is formed when calcium carbide reacts with heavy water
(1) C2D2 (2) CaD2 (3) Ca2D2O (4) CD2
Sol. Answer (1)
CaC2 + D2O  Ca(OD)2 + D–CC–D

18. Maximum number of hydrogen bonding in H2O is

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
Sol. Answer (4)
The two hydrogens of the water molecule can form hydrogen bonds with other oxygen-like in ice, and the
two lone pair of electrons. An oxygen of the water molecule can attract other hydrogens in ice. Hence four
possible hydrogen bonds.

19. In which of the following reaction hydrogen peroxide is a reducing agent?

(1) 2FeCl2 + 2HCl + H2O2  2FeCl3 + 2H2O (2) Cl2 + H2O2  2HCl + O2
(3) 2HI + H2O2  2H2O + I2 (4) H2SO3 + H2O2  H2SO4 + H2O
Sol. Answer (2)
Cl2 + H2O2  2HCl + O2 (alkaline medium)
Here H2O2 is a reducing agent.

20. There is a sample of 10 volume of hydrogen peroxide solution. Calculate its strength.
(1) 3.00% (2) 4.045% (3) 2.509% (4) 3.035%
Sol. Answer (4)
10 volume H2O2 implies the 1 L of H2O2 gives 10 L of O2 at S.T.P.

2H 2O 2 (l) 
 H 2O(l) + O 2 (g)
2  34 g 22.4 L at STP

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 17
22.4 L of O2 at STP is given by H2O2 = 68g
10 L of O2 at STP is given by H2O2

68  10
  30.36 g
22.4
 Strength of H2O2 = 30.36 gL–1
 1000 ml = 30.36 g

30.36
 100 ml =  100
1000

= 3.036 g
i.e., 3.036 %

21. In lab H2O2 is prepared by

(1) Cold H2SO4 + BaO2 (2) HCl + BaO2
(3) Conc. H2SO4 + Na2O2 (4) H2 + O2
Sol. Answer (1)
BaO28H2O + H2SO4  BaSO4 + H2O2 + 8H2O

22. H2O2 acts as an oxidising agent in

(1) Acidic medium only (2) Alkaline medium only
(3) Neutral medium only (4) Acidic and alkaline medium
Sol. Answer (4)
Acidic medium : PbS + 4H2O2  PbSO4 + 4H2O
Alkaline medium : MnSO4 + H2O2 + 2NaOH  MnO2 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O

23. Hydrogen peroxide is reduced by

(1) Ozone (2) Barium peroxide
(3) Acidic solution of KMnO4 (4) Lead sulphide suspension
Sol. Answer (4)
PbS + 4H2O2  PbSO4 + 4H2O

24. The volume of oxygen liberated from 15 ml of 20 volume H2O2 is

(1) 250 ml (2) 300 ml
(3) 150 ml (4) 200 ml
Sol. Answer (2)
20 volume of H2O2 gives 20 ml of oxygen at STP
 15 ml of 20 volume H2O2 will yield
15  20 = 300 ml of oxygen

25. The volume of oxygen liberated from 0.68 g of H2O2 is

(1) 112 ml (2) 224 ml (3) 56 ml (4) 336 ml

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18 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

Sol. Answer (2)

2H 2O 2 
 2H 2O + O2
2 34 g 22400 ml

Now 2 × 34 = 68 g of H2O2 liberates 22400 ml O2 at STP.

0.68  22400
 0.68 g of H2O2 liberate   224 mL of O 2 at STP
68

26. 20 volume H2O2 solution has a strength of about

(1) 30% (2) 6% (3) 3% (4) 10%

Sol. Answer (2)
20 volume solution of H2O2 means that 1 L of this H2O2.
solution will give 20 L of oxygen at STP

2H 2O 2 
 2H 2O + O 2
2  34 22.7 L at STP
= 68 g
22.7 L of O2 at STP is obtained from H2O2 = 68 g
68
 20 L of O2 at STP is obtained from H2O2  +20  59.91 g/L = 6% H2O2
22.7

27. The H – O – O bond angle in H2O2 (g) is

(1) 107.28° (2) 109.28° (3) 104.5° (4) 94.8°
Sol. Answer (4)
According to the structure. It is 94.8°.

SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : ScH2 is an example of ionic hydride.
R : All metal forms ionic hydride.
Sol. Answer (4)
ScH2 is an example of metallic hydride metals form covalent hydride also.

2. A : Temporary hardness is due to HCO3– ions.

R : Permanent hardness is due to CaCl2.
Sol. Answer (2)
Temporary hardness is due to the presence of bicarbonates of calcium and magnesium. Permanent hardness
is due to the presence of chlorides and sulphides of calcium and magnesium dissolves in water.

3. A : The molarity of 20 volume H2O2 is 3.58 M.

R : Volume strength = 5.6 × M.
Sol. Answer (4)
The normality of 20 volume H2O2 is 3.58 N
Volume strength = 5.6  N

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Solutions of Assignment Hydrogen 19
4. A : Permanent hardness of water is due to the presence of chlorides or sulphates of Ca or Mg.
R : Permanent hardness is removed by boiling.
Sol. Answer (3)
Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling.

5. A : Atomic hydrogen is more reactive than nascent hydrogen.

R : The energy content of atomic hydrogen is more than nascent hydrogen.
Sol. Answer (1)
The reactivity order of hydrogens is,
H2 < Nascent hydrogen < Atomic hydrogen.

6. A : The O – O bond length in H2O2 is shorter than that of O2F2.

R : H2O2 is an ionic compound.
Sol. Answer (4)
Due to high electronegativity of Fluorine and smaller size, the O–O bond length in H2O2 is larger than that
of O2F2.

7. A : H2O2 reacts with K2Cr2O7 to give blue colour.

R : H2O2 can act as reducing agent.
Sol. Answer (2)
K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 4H2O2  2CrO5 + K2SO4 + 5H2O
H2O2 can act as reducing agent.

8. A : Water is a poor solvent for non-polar compounds.

R : Covalent compounds interact weakly that even van der Waal forces cannot be broken.
Sol. Answer (1)
Water is a polar solvent. Covalent compounds interact weakly that even van der Waal's forces cannot be
broken.

9. A : Zn dissolve in excess of NaOH solution so as to give H2.

R : Zn(OH)2 is neutral in nature.
Sol. Answer (3)
Zn(OH)2 is amphoteric in nature.

10. A : Complete hydrolysis of one mole of peroxydi -sulphuric acid gives one mole of H 2 O 2 and
2 mole of H2SO4.
R : Peroxydisulphuric acid has zero peroxy linkage.
Sol. Answer (3)
Peroxydisulphuric acid has peroxy linkages.

11. A : H2O2 liberate O2 on reaction with KMnO4 in acidic medium.

R : KMnO4 oxidises H2O2 to O2.
Sol. Answer (1)
2MnO4– + 6H+ + 5H2O2  2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5O2

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20 Hydrogen Solutions of Assignment

12. A : H2 is liberated by action of aluminium with conc. NaOH.

R : Aluminium on reaction with NaOH forms sodium meta-aluminate.
Sol. Answer (2)
2Al + 2NaOH 
 2NaAlO 2 + H 2
 Sodium meta
aluminate 
13. A : pH of water is temperature dependent.
R : Boiling water has pH less than 7.
Sol. Answer (2)
pH of water is dependant on temperature. Boiling of water has pH less than 7.

14. A : H2O2 decomposes on exposure to light.

R : It is stored in dark waxlined plastic vessel.
Sol. Answer (2)
H2O2 decomposes on exposure to light which is why it is stored in dark wax lined plastic vessel.

15. A : Dihedral angle of H2O2 in gas phase is greater than in solid phase.
R : H2O2 has planar structure.
Sol. Answer (3)
Dihedral angle in gas phase = 111.5°
solid phase = 90.2°
Hydrogen peroxide is non-linear, non-planar molecule.

  

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